JP2019158422A - Sound collection structure - Google Patents

Abstract

To provide a sound collection structure capable of collecting noise generated from a lower part of a model vehicle with high accuracy.SOLUTION: A sound structure 11 absorbs noise S which occurs from between a model vehicle 1 and an imitation ground 4 with absorption equipment 10A, when air current F is passed between the model vehicle 1 and the imitation ground 4. An accommodation part 12 stores the absorption equipment 10A down the imitation ground 4. The accommodation part 12 is the framework built between the imitation ground 4 and the support part 9, as a crevice is formed between the imitation ground 4 and the support part 9. The accommodation part 12 stores the sound absorption equipment 10A in the lower part of a cart 3 of the model vehicle 1. A noise penetration part 13 makes the inside of this accommodation part 12 penetrate the noise S, where the accommodation part 12 is closed. The noise penetration part 13 makes the inside of the accommodation part 12 penetrate the noise S which occurs from between the model vehicle 1 and the imitation ground 4, without disturbing the air current F which flows between the model vehicle 1 and the imitation ground 4, and it makes the absorption equipment 10A absorbs it.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 1

Description

  The present invention relates to a sound collecting structure that collects noise generated between a model vehicle and a simulated ground by a sound collecting device when an air flow is passed between the model vehicle and a simulated ground, and a path through which the moving body moves. The present invention relates to a sound collection structure that collects noise generated between a vehicle and a model vehicle by a sound collection device.

  A conventional noise measuring device includes a test object installed in an open-type measuring unit of a wind tunnel test apparatus, a microphone array that collects sound generated from the main stream of the air flow when the test object receives the air flow, and And a wall portion for housing the microphone array (see, for example, Patent Document 1). In such a conventional noise measurement device, air is blown from the nozzle of the wind tunnel test device to the test object in the wind tunnel measurement unit, and the aerodynamic sound generated from the test object when the air flow hits the test object is detected by the microphone array. This aerodynamic sound is detected and measured.

JP 2008-020357 A

  In the conventional noise measuring device, when the test object is a current collector of a model vehicle, a microphone array is arranged above the current collector and a microphone array is also arranged on the side of the current collector. The sound source of the aerodynamic sound generated from this current collector is identified by two microphone arrays. In a railway vehicle that travels at high speed, a vehicle body aerodynamic noise is generated from uneven portions of the vehicle body or gaps between the vehicles, and the vehicle body aerodynamic noise generated from the vicinity of the recess in the lower portion of the vehicle body that houses the carriage is particularly large. For this reason, it is necessary to accurately identify the sound source of the aerodynamic noise generated from the vicinity of the recess at the lower part of the vehicle body.

  In a conventional noise measuring apparatus, when measuring noise generated from a bottom surface recess in which a test object accommodates a bogie of a model vehicle, a microphone array can be arranged on the side of the bottom surface recess. However, in the conventional noise measuring device, there is a simulated ground simulating an actual track below the bottom recess of the model vehicle, and therefore noise radiated below the bottom recess cannot be measured by a microphone.

  The subject of this invention is providing the sound collection structure which can pick up the noise generated from the model vehicle or the lower part of a moving body with high precision.

The present invention solves the above-mentioned problems by the solving means described below.
In addition, although the code | symbol corresponding to embodiment of this invention is attached | subjected and demonstrated, it is not limited to this embodiment.
As shown in FIGS. 1, 4 and 5, the invention of claim 1 is generated when an air flow (F) flows between the model vehicle (1) and the simulated ground (4). A sound collecting structure for collecting the noise (S) to be collected by the sound collecting device (10A), the housing portion (12) for housing the sound collecting device below the simulated ground, and the state in which the housing portion is closed The sound collecting structure (11) includes a noise transmitting portion (13) that transmits the noise inside the housing portion.

  According to a second aspect of the present invention, in the sound collecting structure according to the first aspect, as shown in FIGS. 1 and 3 to 5, the accommodating portion is disposed below the bottom recess (2 d) of the model vehicle. It is a sound collection structure characterized by accommodating a sound device.

  As for invention of Claim 3, in the sound collection structure of Claim 1 or Claim 2, as shown in FIG.1 and FIGS.3-5, the said accommodating part is the downward direction of the trolley | bogie (3) of the said model vehicle. The sound collection structure is characterized in that the sound collection device is accommodated.

  As for invention of Claim 4, in the sound collection structure of Claim 1, as shown in FIG. 6, the said sound collection part accommodates the said sound collection apparatus under the lower surface (2a) of the said model vehicle. It is a sound collection structure characterized by.

  As for invention of Claim 5, in the sound collection structure of Claim 1, as shown in FIG. 7, the said sound collection part accommodates the said sound collection apparatus under the connection part (1C) of the said model vehicles. It is a sound collection structure characterized by doing.

  As for invention of Claim 6, in the sound collection structure of Claim 1, as shown in FIG.8 and FIG.9, the said sound collection part is the head part (1a) or the rear part (1b) of the said model vehicle. The sound collecting structure is characterized in that the sound collecting device is accommodated below the underfloor device (2e).

  As shown in FIG. 10, FIG. 13 and FIG. 14, the invention of claim 7 collects noise (S) generated between the passage (15) in which the moving body (16) moves and the moving body. (10A) is a sound collecting structure for collecting sound, and a housing portion (20) for housing the sound collecting device below the passage, and the noise inside the housing portion in a state where the housing portion is closed. It is a sound collection structure (19) provided with the noise permeation | transmission part (21) to permeate | transmit.

  According to an eighth aspect of the present invention, in the sound collecting structure according to the seventh aspect, as shown in FIGS. 10 and 12 to 14, when the moving body is a vehicle, the housing portion is a bottom surface of the vehicle. It is a sound collection structure characterized by containing a sound collection device that collects noise generated between the recess (17d) and the passage.

  According to a ninth aspect of the present invention, in the sound collecting structure according to the seventh aspect, as shown in FIGS. 10 and 12 to 14, when the moving body is a vehicle, the housing portion is a carriage of the vehicle. A sound collection structure that houses a sound collection device that collects noise generated between (18) and the passage.

  According to a tenth aspect of the present invention, in the sound collecting structure according to the seventh aspect, as shown in FIG. 15, when the moving body is a vehicle, the housing portion includes the lower surface (17 a) and the passage A sound collecting structure that houses a sound collecting device that collects noise generated between the two.

  According to an eleventh aspect of the present invention, in the sound collecting structure according to the seventh aspect, as shown in FIG. It is a sound collection structure characterized by containing a sound collection device that collects noise generated between the passage and the passage.

  According to a twelfth aspect of the present invention, in the sound collecting structure according to the seventh aspect, as shown in FIGS. 17 and 18, when the moving body is a vehicle, the housing portion has a leading portion (16 a ) Or an underfloor device (17e) of the rear portion (16b) and a sound collecting device that collects noise generated from between the passage.

  According to a thirteenth aspect of the present invention, in the sound collecting structure according to any one of the seventh to twelfth aspects, as shown in FIG. 10 and FIGS. The sound collecting structure is characterized in that the sound collecting device is housed below the track when the railway vehicle (16) and the passage is the track (15).

  According to the present invention, noise generated from the lower part of the model vehicle or the moving body can be collected with high accuracy.

It is a side view which shows typically the state which picks up the noise which generate | occur | produces from a model vehicle with the sound collection structure which concerns on 1st Embodiment of this invention. It is a top view which shows typically the state which collects the noise which generate | occur | produces from a model vehicle with the sound collection structure which concerns on 1st Embodiment of this invention. FIG. 2 is a plan view schematically showing a part of the sound collecting structure according to the first embodiment of the present invention by breaking. It is sectional drawing which shows the state cut | disconnected by the IV-IV line of FIG. It is sectional drawing which shows the state cut | disconnected by the VV line | wire of FIG. It is a side view which shows typically the state which picks up the noise which generate | occur | produces from a model vehicle with the sound collection structure which concerns on 2nd Embodiment of this invention. It is a side view which shows typically the state which picks up the noise which generate | occur | produces from the model vehicle with the sound collection structure which concerns on 3rd Embodiment of this invention. It is a side view which shows typically the state which picks up the noise which generate | occur | produces from a model vehicle with the sound collection structure which concerns on 4th Embodiment of this invention. It is a side view which shows typically the state which picks up the noise which generate | occur | produces from a model vehicle with the sound collection structure which concerns on 5th Embodiment of this invention. It is a side view which shows typically the state which picks up the noise which generate | occur | produces from the vehicle with the sound collection structure which concerns on 6th Embodiment of this invention. It is a top view which shows typically the state which picks up the noise which generate | occur | produces from a vehicle with the sound collection structure which concerns on 6th Embodiment of this invention. It is a top view which fractures | ruptures a part of sound collection structure which concerns on 6th Embodiment of this invention, and is shown typically. It is sectional drawing which shows the state cut | disconnected by the XIII-XIII line | wire of FIG. It is sectional drawing which shows the state cut | disconnected by the XIV-XIV line | wire of FIG. It is a side view which shows typically the state which picks up the noise which generate | occur | produces from a vehicle with the sound collection structure which concerns on 7th Embodiment of this invention. It is a side view which shows typically the state which picks up the noise which generate | occur | produces from the vehicle by the sound collection structure which concerns on 8th Embodiment of this invention. It is a side view which shows typically the state which picks up the noise which generate | occur | produces from the vehicle with the sound collection structure which concerns on 9th Embodiment of this invention. It is a side view which shows typically the state which picks up the noise which generate | occur | produces from the vehicle with the sound collection structure which concerns on 10th Embodiment of this invention.

(First embodiment)
Hereinafter, a first embodiment of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings.
A model vehicle 1 shown in FIGS. 1 and 2 is an object that simulates an actual vehicle. The model vehicle 1 is, for example, a model railway vehicle (specimen) obtained by reducing a real railway vehicle such as a Shinkansen (registered trademark) vehicle traveling at a high speed of 300 km / h or more at a predetermined scale (for example, about 1/20). It is. The model vehicle 1 is a train composed of a leading vehicle 1A on the front side in the traveling direction simulating an actual vehicle and a rear vehicle 1B on the rear side in the traveling direction simulating the actual vehicle, and the model vehicle 1 is spaced apart. This is a two-car train in which the leading vehicle 1A and the trailing vehicle 1B are connected by a connecting portion 1C that connects the two. In the model vehicle 1, the leading vehicle 1 </ b> A is disposed on the upstream side of the airflow F, and the trailing vehicle 1 </ b> B is disposed on the downstream side of the airflow F. The model vehicle 1 includes a vehicle body 2 and a carriage 3 shown in FIGS. The model vehicle 1 shown in FIG. 1 mainly simulates the shape of the bottom recess of the actual vehicle body and the vicinity of the carriage that supports the vehicle body.

  The vehicle body 2 shown in FIGS. 1 to 5 is a portion that simulates a vehicle body portion of an actual railway vehicle. The vehicle body 2 corresponds to a structure for loading and transporting passengers in an actual railway vehicle. The vehicle body 2 includes a vehicle body bottom surface (under the vehicle floor) 2a shown in FIGS. 1, 4 and 5, vehicle body side surfaces 2b and 2c shown in FIGS. 2 to 4, and a bottom surface recess 2d shown in FIGS. Etc. The vehicle body bottom surface 2a shown in FIGS. 1, 4 and 5 is a portion corresponding to the lower surface of an actual railway vehicle. As shown in FIGS. 1 and 4, the vehicle body bottom surface 2 a is a surface on the side facing the simulated ground (track surface) 4 such as the surface of an actual railcar floor structure (vehicle lower part). The vehicle body bottom surface 2a simulates, for example, the bottom surface of a railway vehicle having an underfloor smoothing structure in which an underfloor device is covered with a flat underfloor cover as a measure against snow and ice damage or noise. The vehicle body side surfaces 2b and 2c shown in FIGS. 2 to 4 are portions corresponding to the actual side surfaces of the railway vehicle. As shown in FIGS. 1 and 5, the vehicle body side surfaces 2b and 2c are surfaces that are substantially perpendicular to the track surface such as the surface of the actual side structure (vehicle side portion) of a railway vehicle, and are shown in FIG. Thus, the lower edge is formed in a curved surface and is continuous with the bottom surface 2a of the vehicle body. The bottom recess 2d shown in FIGS. 1 and 3 to 5 is a portion corresponding to a bottom recess of an actual railway vehicle. The bottom recess 2d is a notch (cavity) formed in the bottom surface 2a of the vehicle body to accommodate the carriage 3, and a substantially horizontal bottom surface for supporting the carriage 3 as shown in FIG. And wall surfaces perpendicular to the bottom surface 2a of the vehicle body from both end portions (in the length direction of the model vehicle 1).

  The trolley 3 shown in FIGS. 1 to 5 is a portion that simulates the trolley portion of an actual railway vehicle. The carriage 3 corresponds to a running device that runs while supporting the body of an actual railway vehicle. As shown in FIGS. 1, 4, and 5, the carriage 3 is installed in the bottom recess 2 d of the vehicle body 2. The carriage 3 includes wheels 3a and 3b that are in rolling contact with the rails 4a and 4b as shown in FIGS. 1 and 4, and an axle 3c in which the wheels 3a and 3b are press-fitted into the ends as shown in FIGS. 4 and 5, the shaft box 3 d is configured by a shaft box 3 d that supports both ends of the axle 3 c, and left and right side beams and horizontal beams that connect these as shown in FIGS. 3 to 5. A supporting frame 3e, a main motor 3f that generates a driving force for rotating the wheels 3a and 3b as shown in FIGS. 3 to 5, and a gear that transmits the rotating force of the main motor 3f to the axle 3c. As shown in FIGS. 3 to 5, the device 3 g and a cushion pillow spring (air spring) 3 h sandwiched between the vehicle body 2 and the carriage frame 3 e are provided.

  The simulated ground 4 shown in FIGS. 1, 2, 4 and 5 is a part simulating an actual track on which an actual railway vehicle travels. The simulated ground 4 is a model track obtained by reducing a track on which a real railway vehicle such as a Shinkansen vehicle travels by a predetermined scale (for example, about 1/20). As shown in FIGS. 1, 2, 4, and 5, the simulated ground 4 includes rails 4a and 4b, a ground plate (installed ground) 4c, an opening 4d shown in FIGS. And is supported on the accommodating portion 12. The rails 4a and 4b are parts simulating an actual rail with which the wheels of the railway vehicle come into rotational contact. The rails 4a and 4b support the left and right wheels 3a and 3b of the carriage 3 as shown in FIG. 4, and are laid so as to straddle the opening 4d of the simulated ground 4 as shown in FIGS. Has been. The ground plate 4c shown in FIGS. 1, 2 and 4 is a portion that supports the rails 4a and 4b. A support body (support body) such as a sleeper or a track slab that supports the actual rail, and the support body. It corresponds to the roadbed to support. The ground plate 4c is disposed so as to be flush with the lower horizontal end surface 8c of the air outlet 8a shown in FIG. The opening 4d shown in FIGS. 3 to 5 is a part where the simulated ground 4 is partially opened. The opening 4d is a through-hole penetrating the simulated ground 4 at a position corresponding to the bottom recess 2d and the carriage 3 of the model vehicle 1, and the planar shape is formed in a square shape as shown in FIG.

  The support leg 5 shown in FIG. 1 is a part that supports the model vehicle 1 on the simulated ground 4. The support legs 5 are arranged symmetrically on the upstream side and the downstream side with the center in the length direction of the model vehicle 1 as the center. The upper end of the support leg 5 is detachably fixed to the bottom surface 2a of the vehicle body, and the lower end is detachably fixed to the upper surfaces of the rails 4a and 4b. The support leg 5 has a cross section on the upstream side and the downstream side of the support leg 5 when cut in a horizontal plane so as to suppress the separation of the air flow F from the support leg 5 when receiving the air flow F. It is formed in a substantially circular shape or a substantially elliptical shape.

  A wind tunnel test apparatus 6 shown in FIGS. 1 and 2 is an apparatus that conducts various tests by flowing an air flow F between the model vehicle 1 and the simulated ground 4. As shown in FIG. 5, the wind tunnel test apparatus 6 measures the noise S generated from the lower part of the model vehicle 1 when an air flow F is caused to flow between the model vehicle 1 and the simulated ground 4. For example, as shown in FIG. 1, the wind tunnel test apparatus 6 uses the model vehicle 1 in the wind tunnel measurement unit 7 in the vicinity of the bottom surface recess 2 d of the model vehicle 1 and the carriage 3 that are separated from the tip of the leading vehicle 1 A as the measurement target region. The noise S generated from the measurement target area when air is passed through is measured. As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the wind tunnel test apparatus 6 is an open trunk type wind tunnel test apparatus in which the wind tunnel measurement unit 7 is opened. The wind tunnel measurement unit 7 and the wind tunnel 8 shown in FIGS. And a support portion 9 shown in FIG.

  The wind tunnel measuring unit 7 shown in FIGS. 1 and 2 is a part that causes the air flow F to flow through the model vehicle 1 and the simulated ground 4. The wind tunnel 8 is a device that creates an artificial air flow to experimentally investigate aerodynamic problems. The wind tunnel 8 includes a blower (not shown), a duct, a rectifying device, and the like that artificially blows wind with a certain property, a blower outlet (nozzle) 8a, and a suction port (collector) 8b. The air outlet 8 a is a part that blows air to the wind tunnel measuring unit 7 to create a uniform air flow in the wind tunnel measuring unit 7. The air outlet 8a includes a pair of flat horizontal end surfaces 8c and a pair of vertical end surfaces 8d so that the shape of the opening is a quadrangle. The suction port 8b is a portion that sucks air flowing into the wind tunnel measuring unit 7, and the shape of the opening is formed in a square shape by a flat plate-like end surface, like the blowout port 8a.

  The support part 9 shown in FIG. 1 is a means for supporting the simulated ground 4 and the accommodating part 12. The support portion 9 is a support carriage that supports the ground plate 4c and the accommodating portion 12 of the simulated ground 4 so as to be movable up and down. The support unit 9 includes a carriage unit that moves the ground plate 4c in the horizontal direction so that the model vehicle 1 and the simulated ground 4 are installed between the air outlet 8a and the suction port 8b of the wind tunnel 8. The support unit 9 includes an elevating mechanism unit that raises and lowers the simulated ground 4 and the accommodating unit 12 in the vertical direction so that the ground plate 4 c is positioned on the horizontal end surface 8 c below the air outlet 8 a of the wind tunnel 8. .

  The sound collection devices 10 </ b> A and 10 </ b> B illustrated in FIGS. 1 to 5 are devices that collect noise S. The sound collection devices 10 </ b> A and 10 </ b> B are microphone arrays that detect noise S generated from the model vehicle 1. The sound collecting device 10A shown in FIGS. 1 and 3 to 5 collects noise S radiated downward from the model vehicle 1, and the sound collecting device 10B shown in FIG. The noise S radiated is collected. The sound collection devices 10 </ b> A and 10 </ b> B collect noise S generated from the bottom surface recess 2 d of the model vehicle 1 and between the carriage 3 and the simulated ground 4. As shown in FIG. 1, the sound collecting device 10A is arranged in parallel to the vehicle body bottom surface 2a at a predetermined interval from the vehicle body bottom surface 2a of the model vehicle 1, and the sound collecting device 10B is arranged as shown in FIG. The model vehicle 1 is disposed in parallel to the vehicle body side surface 2b at a predetermined interval from the vehicle body side surface 2b. Sound collecting apparatuses 10A and 10B shown in FIGS. 1 to 5 are sound receiving apparatuses such as directional microphone arrays arranged at a plurality of measurement points on a plane separated from the model vehicle 1 by a predetermined distance. The sound collection devices 10A and 10B output an electrical signal corresponding to the magnitude of the noise S as a noise detection signal. The sound collection devices 10A and 10B include a plurality of microphones (microphone elements) 10a that convert sound into an electrical signal. The sound collection devices 10A and 10B are, for example, wheel-type microphone arrays that can reduce a virtual image in which a sound source appears to be present at a location different from a sound source that actually exists by arranging microphones 10a two-dimensionally. . The microphone 10 a is a device that detects noise S propagating from the model vehicle 1. The microphone 10a is an acoustoelectric converter that detects noise S generated from air between the model vehicle 1 and the simulated ground 4 and converts acoustic energy into electric energy. As shown in FIGS. 1 to 5, a plurality of microphones 10 a are arranged at a predetermined interval, and these constitute a two-dimensional microphone array. The microphone 10a includes a protective cap portion that protects the vibration surface.

  The sound collecting structure 11 shown in FIGS. 1 to 5 is a structure in which when the air flow F flows between the model vehicle 1 and the simulated ground 4, the noise S generated from these is collected by the sound collecting device 10 </ b> A. It is. The sound collection structure 11 collects the noise S generated between the model vehicle 1 and the simulated ground 4 without disturbing the flow of the airflow F between the model vehicle 1 and the simulated ground 4. The sound collection structure 11 includes a housing portion 12 shown in FIGS. 1 and 3 to 5, a noise transmission portion 13 shown in FIGS. 1 to 5, and the like.

  The accommodating portion 12 shown in FIGS. 1 and 3 to 5 is a means for accommodating the sound collecting device 10 </ b> A below the simulated ground 4. As shown in FIG. 1, the accommodating portion 12 is a frame constructed between them so as to form a gap between the simulated ground 4 and the supporting portion 9, and is mounted on the upper surface of the supporting portion 9. Yes. As shown in FIGS. 1 and 3 to 5, the accommodating portion 12 includes a plurality of frame members 12 a that constitute the skeleton of the accommodating portion 12. As shown in FIGS. 1, 4, and 5, the accommodating portion 12 is formed in a frame shape by assembling a plurality of frame members 12 a vertically and horizontally. As shown in FIG. 1, the simulated ground 4 and the support portion 9 An accommodating space for accommodating the sound collecting device 10A is formed between the two. As shown in FIGS. 1 to 5, the housing portion 12 houses the sound collecting device 10 </ b> A below the bottom surface recess 2 d of the model vehicle 1 and the carriage 3. As shown in FIGS. 4 and 5, the accommodating portion 12 is formed in a concave shape below the opening 4 d at a position corresponding to the opening 4 d of the simulated ground 4.

  The noise transmission part 13 shown in FIGS. 1-5 is a means to permeate | transmit the noise S inside this accommodating part 12 in the state which block | closed the accommodating part 12. FIG. The noise transmitting unit 13 does not disturb the airflow F flowing between the model vehicle 1 and the simulated ground 4, and transmits the noise S generated from the inside to the inside of the accommodating unit 12 to collect the sound in the sound collecting device 10 </ b> A. Let The noise transmission unit 13 allows the transmission of the noise S while preventing the transmission of the airflow F. The noise transmission part 13 is a porous resin having a high porosity and a fine continuous pore structure, and is a sound transmission plate through which sound passes through the inside of the noise transmission part 13. The noise transmitting portion 13 is, for example, a sponge sheet of polyvinyl alcohol (PVA). As shown in FIGS. 4 and 5, the noise transmitting portion 13 is detachably mounted on the ground plate 4 c while being sandwiched between the rails 4 a and 4 b of the simulated ground 4 and the ground plate 4 c. Yes. As shown in FIGS. 2 and 3, the noise transmitting portion 13 is formed in a square shape so as to close the opening 4d of the ground plate 4c. As shown in FIGS. 4 and 5, the noise transmitting portion 13 13 peripheral edges are attached to the ground plate 4c. The noise transmitting portion 13 has the same surface (level) as the surface of the ground plate 4c so that no stepped portion is formed between the surface of the noise transmitting portion 13 and the ground plate 4c. ) Is attached to the ground plate 4c.

  The noise measuring device 14 shown in FIGS. 1 to 5 is a device that measures the noise S. The noise measuring device 14 measures the noise S generated between the model vehicle 1 and the simulated ground 4 when the air flow F flows between them. As shown in FIGS. 1 to 5, the noise measurement device 14 measures noise S generated from the bottom surface recess 2 d of the model vehicle 1 and between the carriage 3 and the simulated ground 4. The noise measurement device 14 includes a signal processing unit 14a, a noise measurement unit 14b, a noise information storage unit 14c, a control unit 14d, and the like.

  The signal processing unit 14a is means for performing predetermined processing on the noise detection signals output from the sound collection devices 10A and 10B. The signal processing unit 14a performs a predetermined processing on the electrical signals output from the sound collection devices 10A and 10B, an amplification circuit that amplifies the processed electrical signal, and the amplified electrical signal (analog signal). And an A / D conversion circuit for converting into a digital signal.

  The noise measuring unit 14b is a means for measuring the noise S. The noise measuring unit 14b measures the sound source distribution of the noise S generated between the model vehicle 1 and the simulated ground 4 based on the noise detection signal output by the sound collecting devices 10A and 10B. The noise measurement unit 14 b measures the sound source distribution of the noise S generated from the bottom surface recess 2 d of the model vehicle 1 and between the carriage 3 and the simulated ground 4. The noise information storage unit 14c is means for storing the measurement result of the noise measurement unit 14b. The noise information storage unit 14c is a memory that stores the sound source distribution of the noise S measured by the noise measurement unit 14b as noise information.

  The control unit 14d is means for controlling various operations related to the noise measurement device 14. The control unit 14d is configured by, for example, a personal computer and executes predetermined processing according to a noise measurement program for measuring the noise S generated between the model vehicle 1 and the simulated ground 4. For example, the control unit 14d outputs the noise detection signal output from the signal processing unit 14a to the noise measurement unit 14b and instructs the noise measurement unit 14b to measure the sound source distribution of the noise S, or the noise output from the noise measurement unit 14b. The storage of information is instructed to the noise information storage unit 14c. A signal processing unit 14a, a noise measurement unit 14b, and a noise information storage unit 14c are connected to the control unit 14d so as to communicate with each other.

Next, the operation of the sound collection structure according to the first embodiment of the invention will be described.
In the state where the lifting mechanism of the support unit 9 shown in FIG. 1 is operated and the upper surface of the support unit 9 is lowered, the housing unit 12 is constructed on the upper surface of the support unit 9 and the simulated ground is formed on the upper surface of the support unit 9. 4 is formed. As shown in FIGS. 3 to 5, the sound collecting device 10 </ b> A is installed inside the accommodating portion 12, and the noise transmitting portion 13 is placed on the ground plate 4 c of the simulated ground 4 so as to close the opening 4 d of the simulated ground 4. The surface of this noise transmission part 13 is pressed down by the bottom part of the rails 4a and 4b of the simulation ground 4 by attaching. The wheels 3 a and 3 b of the model vehicle 1 are installed on the rails 4 a and 4 b so that the housing portion 12 is positioned below the carriage 3 of the model vehicle 1, and the model vehicle 1 is installed on the simulated ground 4. As shown in FIG. 2, the sound collecting device 10 </ b> B is installed at the same height as the gap between the model vehicle 1 and the simulated ground 4 at a position spaced apart from the model vehicle 1 by a predetermined distance.

  When the air blower of the wind tunnel test apparatus 6 shown in FIGS. 1 and 2 is driven and the air flow F flows from the air outlet 8a to the wind tunnel measuring unit 7, the vehicle body bottom surface 2a and the simulated ground 4 of the model vehicle 1 are shown in FIG. The air flow F flows in between, and a flow field similar to the flow field at the lower part of the actual vehicle body of the railway vehicle is reproduced at the lower part of the model vehicle 1. As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, when the air flow F flows through the wind tunnel measuring unit 7 of the wind tunnel testing device 6, the air flow F flows along the simulated ground 4 as shown in FIGS. 4 and 5. When the air flow F flows along the surface of the noise transmission unit 13, the noise transmission unit 13 prevents the air flow F from penetrating the noise transmission unit 13 and entering the inside of the housing unit 12. As shown in FIG. 1, when an air flow F flows between the model vehicle 1 and the simulated ground 4, noise S is generated from the bottom surface recess 2 d of the model vehicle 1 and between the carriage 3 and the simulated ground 4. As a result, as shown in FIG. 1, the noise S radiated downward from the bottom recess 2 d and the carriage 3 of the model vehicle 1 is transmitted through the noise transmitting portion 13 and propagates into the housing portion 12 to be collected. Sound is picked up by 10A. Moreover, as shown in FIG. 2, the noise S radiated | emitted toward the side from the bottom face recessed part 2d and the trolley | bogie 3 of the model vehicle 1 is collected by the sound collection apparatus 10B. Based on the noise detection signals output from the sound pickup devices 10A and 10B, the noise measurement unit 14b measures the sound source distribution in the vicinity of the bottom recess 2d and the carriage 3 of the model vehicle 1, and stores the sound source distribution as noise information as noise information. The unit 14c stores it.

The sound collecting structure according to the first embodiment of the present invention has the following effects.
(1) In the first embodiment, the sound collecting device 10A is housed in the housing portion 12 below the simulated ground 4, and the noise transmitting portion 13 is in the interior of the housing portion 12 with the housing portion 12 closed. Permeate S. For this reason, airflow F flowing between the model vehicle 1 and the simulated ground 4 is generated between the model vehicle 1 and the simulated ground 4 while being blocked by the noise transmitting unit 13 from flowing into the housing 12. The noise S can be transmitted through the noise transmitting unit 13. As a result, the noise S generated by the flow of the airflow F under the vehicle floor in the length direction of the model vehicle 1 can be measured with high accuracy. For example, the noise S around the vehicle floor traveling at high speed, such as aerodynamic noise generated around the bogie of an actual vehicle, can be measured with high accuracy by using the model vehicle 1.

(2) In the first embodiment, the accommodating portion 12 accommodates the sound collecting device 10A below the bottom surface recess 2d of the model vehicle 1. Moreover, in this 1st Embodiment, the accommodating part 12 accommodates 10 A of sound collection devices under the trolley | bogie 3 of the model vehicle 1. FIG. For this reason, it is possible to accurately measure the sound source distribution of relatively large vehicle body aerodynamic noise generated from the bottom surface recess 2d and the carriage 3 of the model vehicle 1. For example, it is possible to accurately specify whether the sound source of the noise S is the wheels 3a, 3b of the carriage 3 or the main motor 3f.

(Second Embodiment)
In the following, the same parts as those shown in FIGS. 1 to 5 are denoted by the same reference numerals, and detailed description thereof is omitted. Hereinafter, only the sound collection device 10A illustrated in FIGS. 1 to 5 will be described, and description of the sound collection device 10B illustrated in FIG. 2 will be omitted.
A sound collecting device 10A shown in FIG. 6 collects noise S generated from between the bottom surface 2a of the model vehicle 1 and the simulated ground 4. The accommodating portion 12 accommodates the sound collecting device 10 </ b> A below the vehicle body bottom surface 2 a of the model vehicle 1. The accommodating portion 12 is generated between the vehicle body bottom surface 2a and the simulated ground 4 between the front vehicle 3 in the traveling direction (front position) and the rear vehicle 3 in the traveling direction (rear position). The sound collecting device 10 </ b> A measures the noise S to be detected below the simulated ground 4 on the downstream side of the cart 3 on the front side in the traveling direction of the model vehicle 1. The noise measurement unit 14 b measures the sound source distribution of the noise S generated between the vehicle body bottom surface 2 a of the model vehicle 1 and the simulated ground 4.

Next, the operation of the sound collecting structure according to the second embodiment of the invention will be described.
As shown in FIG. 6, when an air flow F flows between the model vehicle 1 and the simulated ground 4, noise S is generated between the bottom surface 2 a of the model vehicle 1 and the simulated ground 4. At this time, the noise S radiated downward from the vehicle body bottom surface 2a of the model vehicle 1 is transmitted through the noise transmitting portion 13 and propagates into the housing portion 12, and is collected by the sound collecting device 10A. This noise S is measured by As a result, the noise measurement unit 14b measures the sound source distribution near the vehicle body bottom surface 2a of the model vehicle 1, and the noise information storage unit 14c stores the sound source distribution as noise information.

The flow velocity measurement structure according to the second embodiment of the present invention has the following effects in addition to the effects of the first embodiment.
In the second embodiment, the accommodating portion 12 accommodates the sound collecting device 10A below the vehicle body bottom surface 2a of the model vehicle 1. For this reason, the sound source distribution of the vehicle body aerodynamic noise generated from the vehicle body bottom surface 2a of the model vehicle 1 can be accurately measured. For example, the noise S around the vehicle floor traveling at high speed, such as aerodynamic noise generated around the under-floor equipment or the under-floor cover of an actual vehicle, can be measured with high accuracy by using the model vehicle 1. it can.

(Third embodiment)
A sound collecting device 10A shown in FIG. 7 collects noise S generated between the connecting portion 1C of the model vehicles 1 and the simulated ground 4. The accommodating portion 12 accommodates the sound collecting device 10A below the connecting portion 1C. The accommodating portion 12 is disposed below the connecting portion 1C and below the simulated ground 4 so that the sound collecting device 10A measures the noise S generated between the connecting portion 1C and the simulated ground 4. . The noise measuring unit 14b measures the sound source distribution of the noise S generated between the connecting unit 1C and the simulated ground 4.

Next, the operation of the sound collecting structure according to the third embodiment of the invention will be described.
As shown in FIG. 7, when an air flow F flows between the model vehicle 1 and the simulated ground 4, noise S is generated between the connecting portion 1 </ b> C and the simulated ground 4. At this time, the noise S radiated downward from the connecting portion 1C is transmitted through the noise transmitting portion 13 and propagated into the housing portion 12 and collected by the sound collecting device 10A. The noise measuring device 14 collects the noise S. Is measured. As a result, the noise measurement unit 14b measures the sound source distribution near the connecting unit 1C, and the noise information storage unit 14c stores the sound source distribution as noise information.

The flow velocity measurement structure according to the third embodiment of the present invention has the following effects in addition to the effects of the first embodiment.
In the third embodiment, the accommodating portion 12 accommodates the sound collecting device 10A below the connecting portion 1C between the model vehicles 1. For this reason, the sound source distribution of the vehicle body aerodynamic noise generated from the connecting portion 1C can be accurately measured. For example, the noise S around the vehicle floor traveling at a high speed, such as aerodynamic noise generated around the vehicle body of an actual vehicle, can be measured with high accuracy by using the model vehicle 1.

(Fourth embodiment)
A sound collecting device 10 </ b> A shown in FIG. 8 collects noise S generated from between the underfloor device 2 e of the head portion 1 a of the model vehicle 1 and the simulated ground 4. The accommodating portion 12 accommodates the sound collecting device 10A below the underfloor device 2e at the top portion 1a. The accommodating portion 12 is below the underfloor device 2e and below the simulated ground 4 so that the sound collecting device 10A measures the noise S generated between the underfloor device 2e at the head portion 1a and the simulated ground 4. Has been placed. The noise measuring unit 14b measures the sound source distribution of the noise S generated between the underfloor device 2e at the head 1a and the simulated ground 4.

Next, the operation of the sound collecting structure according to the fourth embodiment of the invention will be described.
As shown in FIG. 8, when an air flow F flows between the model vehicle 1 and the simulated ground 4, noise S is generated between the underfloor device 2 e of the leading portion 1 a and the simulated ground 4. At this time, the noise S radiated downward from the underfloor device 2e of the leading portion 1a is transmitted through the noise transmitting portion 13 and propagated into the housing portion 12, and collected by the sound collecting device 10A, and the noise measuring device 14 is collected. This noise S is measured by As a result, the noise measurement unit 14b measures the sound source distribution in the vicinity of the underfloor device 2e at the head portion 1a, and the noise information storage unit 14c stores the sound source distribution as noise information.

The flow velocity measurement structure according to the fourth embodiment of the present invention has the following effects in addition to the effects of the first embodiment.
In this 4th Embodiment, the accommodating part 20 accommodates 10 A of sound collection apparatuses under the underfloor apparatus 2e of the head part 1a of the model vehicle 1. FIG. For this reason, it is possible to accurately measure the sound source distribution of the vehicle body aerodynamic noise generated from the underfloor device 2e at the head portion 1a. For example, the noise S around the vehicle floor traveling at high speed, such as aerodynamic noise generated around the under-floor device of an actual vehicle, can be measured with high accuracy by using the model vehicle 1.

  A sound collecting device 10 </ b> A shown in FIG. 9 collects noise S generated between the underfloor device 2 e of the rear portion 1 b of the model vehicle 1 and the simulated ground 4. The accommodating portion 12 accommodates the sound collecting device 10A below the underfloor device 2e of the tail portion 1b. The accommodating portion 12 is below the underfloor device 2e and below the simulated ground 4 so that the sound collecting device 10A measures the noise S generated between the underfloor device 2e of the tail portion 1b and the simulated ground 4. Has been placed. The noise measuring unit 14b measures the sound source distribution of the noise S generated from between the underfloor device 2e of the tail 1b and the simulated ground 4.

Next, the operation of the sound collecting structure according to the fifth embodiment of the invention will be described.
As shown in FIG. 9, when an air flow F flows between the model vehicle 1 and the simulated ground 4, noise S is generated between the underfloor device 2 e of the rear portion 1 b of the model vehicle 1 and the simulated ground 4. At this time, the noise S radiated downward from the underfloor device 2e of the tail portion 1b is transmitted through the noise transmitting portion 13 and propagated into the housing portion 12 and collected by the sound collecting device 10A, and the noise measuring device 14 This noise S is measured by As a result, the noise measurement unit 14b measures the sound source distribution in the vicinity of the underfloor device 2e of the tail 1b, and the noise information storage unit 14c stores the sound source distribution as noise information.

The flow velocity measurement structure according to the fifth embodiment of the present invention has the effects described below in addition to the effects of the first embodiment.
In the fifth embodiment, the accommodating portion 20 accommodates the sound collecting device 10A below the underfloor device 2e of the rear portion 1b of the model vehicle 1. For this reason, it is possible to accurately measure the sound source distribution of the vehicle body aerodynamic noise generated from the underfloor device 2e in the rear portion 1b. For example, the noise S around the vehicle floor traveling at high speed, such as aerodynamic noise generated around the under-floor device of an actual vehicle, can be measured with high accuracy by using the model vehicle 1.

(Sixth embodiment)
A sound collecting device 10 </ b> A shown in FIG. 10 collects noise S generated from the bottom surface recess 17 d of the vehicle 16 and between the carriage 18 and the track 15. The sound collecting device 10 </ b> A is disposed in parallel with the vehicle bottom surface 17 a at a predetermined interval from the vehicle body bottom surface 17 a of the vehicle 16. The noise measurement device 14 includes a passage detection unit 14 e, and the passage detection unit 14 e is a unit that detects passage of the vehicle 16. The passage detection unit 14 e detects the approach and separation of the bottom surface recess 17 d and the carriage 18 of the vehicle 16 traveling on the track 15. The passage detection unit 14e outputs a measurement start signal to the control unit 14d when detecting the approach of the bottom surface recess 17d and the carriage 18 to the sound collection device 10A, and detects that the bottom surface recess 17d and the carriage 18 have left the sound collection device 10A. When detected, a measurement end signal is output to the control unit 14d. The passage detection unit 14e is, for example, an optical passage sensor that receives the light emitted from the irradiation unit from one side of the track 15 by the light receiving unit on the other side of the track 15 and detects the passage of the head portion 16a. is there. The passage detection unit 14e measures an elapsed time after detecting the head portion 16a. The passage detection unit 14e outputs a measurement start signal when the elapsed time reaches the approach time from the detection of the leading portion 16a until the bottom surface recess 17d and the carriage 18 approach the sound collection device 10A. On the other hand, the passage detection unit 14e outputs a measurement end signal when the elapsed time has elapsed from the detection of the leading portion 16a until the bottom surface recess 17d and the carriage 18 exit from the sound collecting device 10A.

  The noise measurement unit 14 b measures the sound source distribution of the noise S generated from the bottom surface recess 17 d of the vehicle 16 and between the carriage 18 and the track 15. For example, the control unit 14d instructs the sound collection device 10A to start measurement of the noise S based on the measurement start signal output from the passage detection unit 14e, or collects the signal based on the measurement end signal output from the passage detection unit 14e. Instruct the sound device 10A to end the measurement of the noise S, output the measurement start signal output from the passage detection unit 14e to the noise measurement unit 14b, and instruct the noise measurement unit 14b to start measuring the sound source distribution of the noise S The measurement end signal output from the passage detection unit 14e is output to the noise measurement unit 14b, and the measurement end of the sound source distribution of the noise S is instructed to the noise measurement unit 14b.

  10 to 14 is a track (passage) on which the vehicle 16 travels. The track 15 includes rails 15a and 15b shown in FIGS. 11 and 13, a support (supporting body) 15c shown in FIGS. 10 to 14, an opening 15d shown in FIGS. 13 and 14, and the like. The rails 15a and 15b shown in FIGS. 11 and 13 are members with which the wheels 18a and 18b of the vehicle 16 are in rotational contact. The rails 15a and 15b support and guide the left and right wheels 18a and 18b of the vehicle 16, respectively, and cause the vehicle 16 to travel. The rails 15a and 15b are laid so that the bottoms of the rails 15a and 15b are supported by a support member and straddle the opening 15d. 10 to 14 is a member that supports the rails 15a and 15b. The support 15c is a track slab made of a rectangular plate-like precast concrete plate. The opening 15d shown in FIGS. 13 and 14 is a part that opens a part of the support 15c. The opening 15 d is formed in the support 15 c at a position facing the vehicle body bottom surface 17 a of the vehicle 16 passing on the track 15. A track 15 shown in FIGS. 10 to 14 is a slab track that supports the rails 15a and 15b by a track slab.

  A vehicle 16 shown in FIGS. 10 to 14 is a railway vehicle (moving body) that travels along the track 15. The vehicle 16 is, for example, a Shinkansen (registered trademark) vehicle that travels at a high speed of 300 km / h or higher. As shown in FIG. 10, the vehicle 16 is a train composed of a leading vehicle 16A connected at the head during formation and an intermediate vehicle 16C connected in the middle during formation, and the vehicle 16 is spaced apart. The leading vehicle 16A, the intermediate vehicle 16C, and the like are connected by a connecting portion 16D that connects the two. The vehicle 16 includes a vehicle body 17 and a carriage 18.

  A vehicle body 17 shown in FIGS. 10 to 14 is a structure for loading and transporting passengers or equipment. The vehicle body 17 includes a vehicle body bottom surface (under the vehicle floor) 17a shown in FIGS. 10 and 12 to 14, vehicle body side surfaces 17b and 17c shown in FIGS. 11 and 13, and a bottom surface recess 17d shown in FIGS. 10 and 12 to 14. Etc. A vehicle body bottom surface 17 a shown in FIGS. 10 and 12 to 14 is a portion corresponding to the lower surface of the vehicle 16. The vehicle body bottom surface 17a is a surface on the side facing the track 15 such as the surface of a side structure of a railway vehicle. The vehicle body bottom surface 17a is, for example, the bottom surface of a railway vehicle having an underfloor smoothing structure in which an underfloor device is covered with a flat underfloor cover as a measure against snow and ice damage or noise. Vehicle body side surfaces 17 b and 17 c shown in FIGS. 11 and 13 are portions corresponding to the side surfaces of the vehicle 16. As shown in FIGS. 12 and 15, the vehicle body side surfaces 17 b and 17 c are surfaces that are substantially perpendicular to the track surface such as the surface of the side structure of a railway vehicle, and the lower edge is formed into a curved surface. It is continuous with the vehicle body bottom surface 17a. 10 and 12 to 14 are recessed portions formed on the lower surface of the vehicle 16. The bottom recess 17d is a notch (cavity) formed in the bottom surface 17a of the vehicle body to accommodate the carriage 18, and includes a substantially horizontal bottom surface that supports the carriage 18 and a length direction of the bottom face as shown in FIG. And wall surfaces perpendicular to the vehicle body bottom surface 17a from both ends of the vehicle 16 in the length direction.

  The cart 18 shown in FIGS. 10 and 12 to 14 is a traveling device (running device) that supports the vehicle body 17 and travels on the track 15. The carriage 18 includes wheels 18a and 18b which are in rolling contact with the rails 15a and 15b as shown in FIGS. 11 to 13, and an axle 18c into which the wheels 18a and 18b are press-fitted at the ends as shown in FIGS. 13 and 14, a shaft box 18d that supports both ends of the axle 18c, and left and right side beams and horizontal beams that connect the left and right side beams as shown in FIGS. A supporting carriage frame 18e, a main motor 18f that generates driving force for rotationally driving the wheels 18a and 18b shown in FIGS. 12 and 13, and a gear unit 18g that transmits the rotational force of the main motor 18f to the axle 18c. 12-14, a cushion pillow spring (air spring) 18h and the like sandwiched between the vehicle body 17 and the carriage frame 18e are provided.

  The sound collection structure 19 shown in FIGS. 10-14 is a structure where the noise S generated between the vehicle 16 and the track 15 is collected by the sound collection device 10A. The sound collection structure 19 collects the noise S generated between these without disturbing the flow of the airflow F between the vehicle 16 and the track 15. The sound collection structure 19 includes a housing portion 20 shown in FIGS. 10 and 12 to 14, a noise transmission portion 21 shown in FIGS. 10 to 14, and the like.

  10 and FIGS. 12 to 14 are means for housing the sound collecting device 10 </ b> A below the track 15. The accommodating part 20 is a recessed part formed in the surface of the support body 15c of the track | orbit 15, as shown in FIG.10, FIG13 and FIG.14. The accommodating portion 20 is formed in a rectangular parallelepiped shape with a predetermined depth, and an accommodating space for accommodating the sound collecting device 10A is formed in the support 15c. As shown in FIGS. 10 and 12 to 14, the housing unit 20 houses the sound collecting device 10 </ b> A below the track 15.

  10 to 14 is a means for transmitting the noise S to the inside of the housing portion 20 in a state where the housing portion 20 is closed. The noise transmission unit 21 does not disturb the airflow F flowing between the vehicle 16 and the track 15, and transmits the noise S generated from the inside to the inside of the housing unit 20 and collects the sound in the sound collection device 10 </ b> A. The noise transmission unit 21 allows the transmission of the noise S while preventing the transmission of the airflow F. The noise transmission part 21 is the same sound transmission plate as the noise transmission part 13 shown in FIGS. The noise transmission part 21 is arrange | positioned along the length direction of the track | truck 15 between the bottom face of the rails 15a and 15b of the track | truck 15, and the upper surface of the support body 15c, as shown in FIGS. It is detachably mounted on the support 15c. As shown in FIGS. 11 and 12, the noise transmitting portion 21 is formed in a square shape so as to close the opening of the accommodating portion 20, and the noise transmitting portion 21 is formed as shown in FIGS. 12 to 14. Are attached to the support 15c. As shown in FIGS. 13 and 14, the noise transmitting portion 21 has the surface of the noise transmitting portion 21 formed on the support body so that no stepped portion is formed between the surface of the noise transmitting portion 21 and the support body 15 c. The support 15c is mounted at the same height (level) as the surface of 15c.

Next, the operation of the sound collecting structure according to the sixth embodiment of the invention will be described.
As shown in FIGS. 10-14, the accommodating part 20 of predetermined depth is formed in the upper surface of the existing support 15c of the track | orbit 15, or the support 15c which has the accommodating part 20 is replaced | exchanged for the existing support 15c. The sound collecting device 10 </ b> A is installed inside the housing portion 20. As shown in FIGS. 10, 13, and 14, the noise transmitting portion 21 is attached to the upper surface of the support 15 c so that the noise transmitting portion 21 closes the housing portion 20, and the bottom portions of the rails 15 a and 15 b of the track 15 The noise transmission part 13 is arrange | positioned between the support bodies 15c.

  As shown in FIGS. 10 and 11, when the vehicle 16 travels on the track 15 and the vehicle 16 passes over the housing portion 20, as shown in FIG. 10, the space between the vehicle body bottom surface 17a of the vehicle 16 and the track 15 is reached. Airflow F flows through When the airflow F flows along the surface of the noise transmission part 21, the noise transmission part 21 prevents the airflow F from penetrating the noise transmission part 21 and entering the inside of the housing part 20. When the airflow F flows between the vehicle 16 and the track 15, noise S is generated from the bottom surface recess 17 d of the vehicle 16 and between the carriage 18 and the track 15. As shown in FIG. 10, the noise S radiated downward from the bottom surface recess 17 d and the carriage 18 of the vehicle 16 is transmitted through the noise transmitting portion 21 and propagates into the housing portion 20, and is collected by the sound collecting device 10 </ b> A. The noise S is measured by the noise measuring device 14. As a result, the noise measurement unit 14b measures the sound source distribution in the vicinity of the bottom recess 17d and the carriage 18 of the vehicle 16, and the noise information storage unit 14c stores this sound source distribution as noise information.

The current collecting structure according to the sixth embodiment of the present invention has the following effects.
(1) In the sixth embodiment, the sound collecting device 10A is accommodated in the lower portion of the track 15 by the accommodating portion 20, and the noise transmitting portion 21 is noise S in the accommodating portion 20 in a state where the accommodating portion 20 is closed. Permeate. Therefore, when the vehicle 16 is traveling on the track 15, the noise transmission unit 21 prevents the airflow F flowing between the vehicle 16 and the track 15 from flowing into the housing unit 20, while The noise S generated between the track 16 and the track 15 can be transmitted by the noise transmitting portion 21 and the noise S can be measured accurately.

(2) In the sixth embodiment, the accommodating portion 20 accommodates the sound collecting device 10 </ b> A that collects the noise S generated between the bottom surface recess 17 d of the vehicle 16 and the track 15. In the sixth embodiment, the housing unit 20 houses the sound collection device 10 </ b> A that collects the noise S generated between the carriage 18 and the track 15 of the vehicle 16. Therefore, it is possible to accurately measure the sound source distribution of relatively large vehicle body aerodynamic noise generated from the vicinity of the bottom surface recess 17d of the vehicle 16 traveling on the track 15 and the carriage 18. For example, the noise S around the vehicle floor traveling at high speed, such as aerodynamic noise generated around the carriage of the vehicle 16, can be measured with high accuracy.

(3) In the sixth embodiment, the accommodating portion 20 accommodates the sound collecting device 10 </ b> A below the track 15. Therefore, it is possible to accurately measure the sound source distribution of the noise S generated between the vehicle 16 passing on the track 15 and the track 15. For example, it is possible to accurately specify whether the sound source of the noise S is the wheels 18a and 18b of the carriage 18 or the main motor 18f.

(Seventh embodiment)
The sound collecting device 10 </ b> A shown in FIG. 15 collects the noise S generated between the vehicle body bottom surface 17 a of the vehicle 16 and the track 15. The noise measurement unit 14 b measures the sound source distribution of the noise S generated between the vehicle body bottom surface 17 a of the vehicle 16 and the track 15. The passage detection unit 14e measures an elapsed time after detecting the head portion 16a. The passage detection unit 14e is measured when the elapsed time reaches the approach time from the detection of the head portion 16a until the carriage 18 on the front side (front side) in the traveling direction of the vehicle 16 approaches the sound collecting device 10A. Output a start signal. On the other hand, when the passage detection unit 14e detects the leading portion 16a and the elapsed time reaches the exit time from the rear of the vehicle 16 in the traveling direction (rear position) until the carriage 18 exits the sound collection device 10A. A measurement end signal is output to.

Next, the operation of the sound collecting structure according to the seventh embodiment of the invention will be described.
As shown in FIG. 15, when the vehicle 16 travels on the track 15, an airflow F flows between the vehicle body bottom surface 17 a and the track 15 of the vehicle 16, and noise is generated between the vehicle body bottom surface 17 a and the track 15. S is generated. The noise S radiated downward from the vehicle body bottom surface 17a of the vehicle 16 is transmitted through the noise transmitting portion 21 and propagates into the housing portion 20, and is collected by the sound collecting device 10A. The noise measuring device 14 collects the noise S. Is measured. As a result, the noise measurement unit 14b measures the sound source distribution near the bottom surface 17a of the vehicle 16 and the noise information storage unit 14c stores the sound source distribution as noise information.

The flow velocity measurement structure according to the seventh embodiment of the present invention has the following effects in addition to the effects of the sixth embodiment.
In the seventh embodiment, the accommodating portion 20 accommodates the sound collecting device 10 </ b> A that collects the noise S generated between the vehicle body bottom surface 17 a of the vehicle 16 and the track 15. Therefore, it is possible to accurately measure the sound source distribution of relatively large vehicle body aerodynamic noise generated from the vicinity of the vehicle body bottom surface 17a of the vehicle 16 traveling on the track 15. For example, the noise S around the vehicle floor traveling at high speed, such as aerodynamic noise generated around the underfloor equipment or around the underfloor cover of the vehicle 16 can be measured with high accuracy.

(Eighth embodiment)
A sound collecting device 10A shown in FIG. 16 collects noise S generated between the connecting portion 16D of the vehicles 16 and the track 15. The noise measurement unit 14b measures the sound source distribution of the noise S generated between the coupling unit 16D and the track 15. The passage detection unit 14e measures an elapsed time after detecting the head portion 16a. The passage detection unit 14e outputs a measurement start signal when the elapsed time has reached the approach time from when the leading portion 16a is detected until the connecting portion 16D approaches the sound collection device 10A. On the other hand, the passage detection unit 14e outputs a measurement end signal when the elapsed time from the detection of the leading portion 16a to the exit of the connecting unit 16D from the sound collection device 10A has been reached.

Next, the operation of the sound collecting structure according to the eighth embodiment of the invention will be described.
As shown in FIG. 16, when the vehicle 16 travels on the track 15, an air flow F flows between the connecting portion 16 </ b> D and the track 15, and noise S is generated between the connecting portion 16 </ b> D and the track 15. The noise S radiated downward from the connecting portion 16D is transmitted through the noise transmitting portion 21 and propagates into the accommodating portion 20, and is collected by the sound collecting device 10A. The noise S is measured by the noise measuring device 14. The As a result, the noise measurement unit 14b measures the sound source distribution near the coupling unit 16D, and the noise information storage unit 14c stores the sound source distribution as noise information.

The flow velocity measuring structure according to the eighth embodiment of the present invention has the following effects in addition to the effects of the sixth embodiment.
In the eighth embodiment, the accommodating portion 20 accommodates the sound collecting device 10 </ b> A that collects the noise S generated between the connecting portion 16 </ b> D between the vehicles 16 and the track 15. For this reason, it is possible to accurately measure the sound source distribution of relatively large vehicle body aerodynamic noise generated from the vicinity of the connecting portion 16D of the vehicle 16 traveling on the track 15. For example, the noise S around the vehicle floor traveling at high speed, such as aerodynamic noise generated from around the vehicle body of the vehicle 16, can be measured with high accuracy.

(Ninth embodiment)
A sound collecting device 10 </ b> A shown in FIG. 17 collects noise S generated between the leading portion 16 a of the vehicle 16 and the track 15. The noise measurement unit 14 b measures the sound source distribution of the noise S generated between the head portion 16 a and the track 15. The passage detection unit 14e measures an elapsed time after detecting the head portion 16a. The passage detection unit 14e outputs a measurement start signal when the elapsed time reaches the approach time from when the head portion 16a is detected until the underfloor device 17e of the head portion 16a approaches the sound collection device 10A. On the other hand, the passage detection unit 14e outputs a measurement end signal when the elapsed time reaches the exit time from the detection of the head portion 16a until the underfloor device 17e of the head portion 16a leaves the sound collecting device 10A. To do.

Next, the operation of the sound collecting structure according to the ninth embodiment of the invention will be described.
As shown in FIG. 17, when the vehicle 16 travels on the track 15, an air flow F flows between the head portion 16 a of the vehicle 16 and the track 15, and the space between the underfloor device 17 e of the head portion 16 a and the track 15. To generate noise S. The noise S radiated downward from the underfloor device 17e of the head portion 16a is transmitted through the noise transmitting portion 21 and propagated into the housing portion 20 and collected by the sound collecting device 10A, and this noise is collected by the noise measuring device 14. S is measured. As a result, the noise measurement unit 14b measures the sound source distribution in the vicinity of the underfloor device 17e in the head portion 16a, and the noise information storage unit 14c stores this sound source distribution as noise information.

The flow velocity measuring structure according to the ninth embodiment of the present invention has the following effects in addition to the effects of the sixth embodiment.
In the ninth embodiment, the accommodating portion 20 accommodates the sound collecting device 10 </ b> A that collects the noise S generated from between the underfloor device 17 e of the head portion 16 a of the vehicle 16 and the track 15. For this reason, it is possible to accurately measure the sound source distribution of relatively large vehicle body aerodynamic noise generated from the vicinity of the underfloor device 17e of the head portion 16a of the vehicle 16 traveling on the track 15. For example, noise S around the vehicle floor traveling at high speed, such as aerodynamic noise generated around the vehicle 16 under-floor device, can be measured with high accuracy.

(10th Embodiment)
The sound collection device 10 </ b> A illustrated in FIG. 17 collects noise S generated between the rear portion 16 b of the vehicle 16 and the track 15. The noise measuring unit 14 b measures the sound source distribution of the noise S generated between the tail 16 b and the track 15. The passage detection unit 14e measures an elapsed time after detecting the head portion 16a. The passage detection unit 14e outputs a measurement start signal when the elapsed time reaches the approach time from when the head portion 16a is detected until the underfloor device 17e of the tail portion 16b approaches the sound collection device 10A. On the other hand, the passage detection unit 14e outputs a measurement end signal when the elapsed time has elapsed from the detection of the head portion 16a until the underfloor device 17e of the tail portion 16b exits the sound collection device 10A. .

Next, the operation of the sound collecting structure according to the tenth embodiment of the invention will be described.
As shown in FIG. 17, when the vehicle 16 travels on the track 15, an air flow F flows between the head portion 16 a of the vehicle 16 and the track 15, and the space between the underfloor device 17 e of the head portion 16 a and the track 15. To generate noise S. The noise S radiated downward from the underfloor device 17e of the head portion 16a is transmitted through the noise transmitting portion 21 and propagated into the housing portion 20 and collected by the sound collecting device 10A, and this noise is collected by the noise measuring device 14. S is measured. As a result, the noise measurement unit 14b measures the sound source distribution in the vicinity of the underfloor device 17e in the head portion 16a, and the noise information storage unit 14c stores this sound source distribution as noise information.

The flow velocity measurement structure according to the tenth embodiment of the present invention has the following effects in addition to the effects of the sixth embodiment.
In the ninth embodiment, the accommodating portion 20 accommodates the sound collecting device 10 </ b> A that collects the noise S generated from between the underfloor device 17 e of the head portion 16 a of the vehicle 16 and the track 15. For this reason, it is possible to accurately measure the sound source distribution of relatively large vehicle body aerodynamic noise generated from the vicinity of the underfloor device 17e of the head portion 16a of the vehicle 16 traveling on the track 15. For example, noise S around the vehicle floor traveling at high speed, such as aerodynamic noise generated around the vehicle 16 under-floor device, can be measured with high accuracy.

(Other embodiments)
The present invention is not limited to the embodiment described above, and various modifications or changes can be made as described below, and these are also within the scope of the present invention.
(1) In this embodiment, the case where the noise measuring device 14 measures the noise S by the sound collecting devices 10A and 10B has been described as an example. However, the sound collecting device 10B is omitted and only the sound collecting device 10A performs noise. The present invention can also be applied to the case where S is measured. Further, in this embodiment, the case where the model vehicle 1 or the vehicle 16 is a Shinkansen vehicle that travels on the Shinkansen or this model has been described as an example, but the conventional vehicle that travels on the conventional line, the Shinkansen and the conventional train The present invention can also be applied to a vehicle for new direct driving that can travel with a line or a model thereof.

(2) In this embodiment, the case where the model vehicle 1 or the vehicle 16 is a rail car has been described as an example, but the present invention is not limited to the rail car. For example, the present invention can also be applied to a magnetically levitated railway vehicle traveling on a guideway or this model. Similarly, the present invention can also be applied to a moving body that moves on a passage such as an automobile traveling on a road surface or this model. In this case, the present invention can also be applied to an automobile or a wheel of this model, a wheel house (tire house) for housing a tire, an engine / exhaust system, a suspension, or a floor pan structure under the floor. As a result, it is possible to measure the sound source distribution by measuring noise such as under-floor wind noise caused by turbulent flow accompanied by air flow separation, vortex convection, or reattachment depending on the under-floor shape of an automobile or the like. In the first and sixth embodiments, the case where the noise S generated from the bottom surface recesses 2d and 17d that accommodate the carts 3 and 18 of the model vehicle 1 or the vehicle 16 is described as an example. The bottom recesses 2d and 17d for accommodating the carriages 3 and 18 are not limited to these. For example, the present invention can also be applied to the case where the noise S generated from the bottom recess formed by the stepped portion between the vehicle body bottom surfaces 2a, 17a of the model vehicle 1 or the vehicle 16 and the underfloor equipment is measured. .

(3) In the first to fifth embodiments, the case where the housing portion 12 and the noise transmitting portion 13 are disposed below the bottom surface recess 2d and the carriage 3 of the model vehicle 1 has been described as an example. The location of the accommodation part 12 and the noise transmission part 13 is not limited. For example, when measuring the noise S at an arbitrary measurement location on the vehicle body bottom surface 2a of the model vehicle 1, the storage portion 12 and the noise transmission portion 13 are formed below the measurement location, or stored below the measurement location. The model vehicle 1 is moved in the length direction so that the portion 12 and the noise transmitting portion 13 are positioned, and the position is adjusted, or the sound collecting device 10A is located below the measurement location inside the housing portion 12. The present invention can also be applied to the case where the sound collection device 10A is moved to adjust the position. In the first to fifth embodiments, the case where the model vehicle 1 is a two-car train of the leading vehicle 1A and the rear vehicle 1B has been described as an example. However, the present invention is not limited to the two-car train. The present invention can also be applied to the case where the model vehicle 1 including the intermediate vehicle has three or more trains during formation between the leading vehicle 1A and the rear vehicle 1B.

(4) In the first to fifth embodiments, the case where the wind tunnel test is performed with the model vehicle 1 and the simulated ground 4 standing in the vertical direction has been described as an example. The present invention can also be applied to the case where the wind tunnel test is carried out with the ground 4 lying in the horizontal direction. In the first to fifth embodiments, the case where the wind tunnel measuring unit 7 is an open wind tunnel test apparatus is described as an example. However, the embodiment is limited to the open trunk wind tunnel test apparatus. Instead, the present invention can also be applied to a sealed trunk type wind tunnel test apparatus in which the wind tunnel measuring unit 7 is sealed.

(5) In the second embodiment and the seventh embodiment, the model vehicle 1 or the vehicle 16 has an underfloor cover that covers the underfloor device, and the lower surface of the model vehicle 1 or the vehicle 16 is the lower surface of the underfloor cover that covers the underfloor device. Although a case has been described as an example, it is not limited to such an underfloor structure. For example, the present invention can also be applied to the case where the model vehicle 1 or the vehicle 16 does not have an underfloor cover that covers the underfloor device and the lower surface of the model vehicle 1 or the vehicle 16 is the lower surface of the underfloor device. In the second embodiment, the case where the noise S generated between the vehicle body bottom surface 2a and the track 15 between the carriages 3 before and after the leading vehicle 1A is measured is described as an example. The present invention can also be applied to the case where the noise S generated between the vehicle body bottom surface 2a between the front and rear carriages 3 and the simulated ground 4 is measured. Similarly, in the seventh embodiment, the case where the noise S generated between the vehicle body bottom surface 17a and the track 15 between the carriages 18 before and after the leading vehicle 16A is described as an example, but the rear vehicle 16B is described. When measuring the noise S generated between the vehicle body bottom surface 17a and the track 15 between the front and rear trolleys 18, or the noise generated between the vehicle body bottom surface 2a and the track 15 between the trolleys 18 before and after the intermediate vehicle 16C The present invention can also be applied to the case where S is measured.

(6) In the third embodiment, the connecting portion 1C that connects the leading vehicle 1A and the trailing vehicle 1B has been described as an example. However, the connecting portion that connects the leading vehicle 1A and the intermediate vehicle, the trailing vehicle 1B, The present invention can also be applied to a connecting portion that connects intermediate vehicles or a connecting portion that connects intermediate vehicles. Similarly, in the eighth embodiment, the connecting portion 16D that connects the leading vehicle 16A and the intermediate vehicle 16C has been described as an example, but the connecting portion that connects the trailing vehicle 16B and the intermediate vehicle 16C, the trailing vehicle 16B. The present invention can also be applied to a connecting portion that connects the vehicle and the intermediate vehicle or a connecting portion that connects the intermediate vehicles 16C. In the fourth embodiment, the fifth embodiment, the ninth embodiment, and the tenth embodiment, the case where the underfloor devices 2e and 13e are obstacle removal devices, snow removal devices, or models thereof will be described as an example. However, the present invention can also be applied to an underfloor structure other than these devices or this model.

(7) In the sixth to tenth embodiments, the case where the leading portion 16a of the vehicle 16 is detected by the passage detection unit 14e has been described as an example. However, the present invention is limited to such a detection method. It is not a thing. For example, the measurement part such as the bottom surface recess 17d and the carriage 18 of the vehicle 16 is detected by the passage detection unit 14e, or the noise S is measured from when the head 16a of the vehicle 16 approaches until the tail 16b exits. Thus, the present invention can also be applied to the case of measuring the sound source distribution at measurement points such as the bottom recess 17d and the carriage 18. In the sixth to tenth embodiments, the case where the track 15 is a slab track and the accommodating portion 20 is formed in the track slab has been described as an example. However, the track 15 is supported on the road bed constituted by the road bed ballast. The present invention can also be applied to a bedded track that supports the rails 15a and 15b by sleepers. In this case, the accommodating part 20 can be formed by digging down a part of the roadbed. Furthermore, in the sixth to tenth embodiments, the case where the width of the accommodating portion 20 exceeds the outside of the left and right rails 15a and 15b has been described as an example, but the width of the accommodating portion 20 is the left and right rails 15a. , 15b, the present invention can also be applied to the case where it does not exceed the inside.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Model vehicle 1A Lead vehicle 1B Rear vehicle 1C Connection part 1a Lead part 1b Rear part 2 Car body 2a Car body bottom face (lower surface)
2b, 2c Vehicle side surface 2d Bottom recess 2e Underfloor device 3 Dolly 3a, 3b Wheel 4 Simulated ground 4a, 4b Rail 4c Ground plate 5 Support leg 6 Wind tunnel testing device 7 Wind tunnel measuring unit 8 Wind tunnel 8a Outlet 8b Suction port 9 Support unit 10A, 10B Current collector 10a Microphone 11 Sound collection structure 12 Housing portion 12a Frame member 13 Noise transmitting portion 14 Noise measuring device 15 Track (road surface)
15a, 15b Rail 16 Vehicle (Railway vehicle (moving body))
16A Lead vehicle 16B Trail vehicle 16C Intermediate vehicle 16D Connecting portion 16a Lead portion 16b Trailing portion 17 Vehicle body 17a Vehicle body bottom surface (lower surface)
17b, 17c Body side surface 17d Bottom recess 17e Underfloor device 18 Car 18a, 18b Wheel 19 Sound collecting structure 20 Housing part 21 Noise transmitting part F Air flow S Noise

Claims (13)

A sound collection structure that collects noise generated between the model vehicle and the simulated ground by a sound collection device when an airflow is passed between the model vehicle and the simulated ground,
An accommodating portion for accommodating the sound collecting device below the simulated ground;
A noise transmitting portion that transmits the noise into the inside of the housing portion in a state where the housing portion is closed;
Sound collection structure with. The sound collection structure according to claim 1,
The accommodating portion accommodates the sound collecting device below a bottom concave portion of the model vehicle;
Sound collection structure characterized by In the sound collecting structure according to claim 1 or 2,
The accommodating portion accommodates the sound collecting device below a carriage of the model vehicle;
Sound collection structure characterized by The sound collection structure according to claim 1,
The sound collection unit accommodates the sound collection device below a lower surface of the model vehicle;
Sound collection structure characterized by The sound collection structure according to claim 1,
The sound collecting unit accommodates the sound collecting device below a connecting portion between the model vehicles;
Sound collection structure characterized by The sound collection structure according to claim 1,
The sound collection unit accommodates the sound collection device below a floor unit at the front or rear of the model vehicle;
Sound collection structure characterized by A sound collecting structure that collects noise generated from between the moving body and a path through which the moving body moves, by a sound collecting device,
An accommodating portion for accommodating the sound collecting device below the passage;
A noise transmitting portion that transmits the noise into the inside of the housing portion in a state where the housing portion is closed;
Sound collection structure with. The sound collecting structure according to claim 7,
The accommodating portion accommodates a sound collecting device that collects noise generated between the bottom surface recess of the vehicle and the passage when the moving body is a vehicle;
Sound collection structure characterized by The sound collecting structure according to claim 7,
The accommodating portion accommodates a sound collecting device that collects noise generated between a carriage of the vehicle and the passage when the moving body is a vehicle;
Sound collection structure characterized by The sound collecting structure according to claim 7,
The accommodating portion accommodates a sound collecting device for collecting noise generated from between the lower surface of the vehicle and the passage when the moving body is a vehicle;
Sound collection structure characterized by The sound collecting structure according to claim 7,
The accommodating portion accommodates a sound collecting device that collects noise generated from between the connecting portion of the vehicles and the passage when the moving body is a vehicle;
Sound collection structure characterized by The sound collecting structure according to claim 7,
The accommodating portion accommodates a sound collecting device that collects noise generated from between the underfloor device at the front or rear portion of the vehicle and the passage when the moving body is a vehicle;
Sound collection structure characterized by The sound collecting structure according to any one of claims 7 to 12,
The accommodating portion accommodates the sound collecting device below the track when the moving body is a railway vehicle and the passage is a track;
Sound collection structure characterized by

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