JP2019158116A - Gear speed reducer - Google Patents

Abstract

To suppress deterioration in efficiency of a gear speed reducer by collecting oil mist in the periphery of a gear mechanism and discharging it to the outside.SOLUTION: A gear speed reducer (1) having a gear mechanism (3) composed of a plurality of gears is provided with an oil mist collection box (23) that is provided in an axial direction away from the gear mechanism (3) and collects oil mist (OM) discharged from a positive pressure region (Z1) in the gear speed reducer (1). The oil mist collection box (23) may comprise a baffle wall (25) that prevents the oil mist (OM) flowing into the oil mist collection box (23) from flowing out to the gear mechanism (3) side.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 1

Description

  The present invention relates to a reduction gear using a gear mechanism.

  For example, in a gear reduction device that rotates at high speed, for example, for aircrafts and ships, a gear mechanism is generally provided with a mechanism for supplying lubricating oil for cooling and wear suppression (see, for example, Patent Document 1). .

Japanese Patent Laying-Open No. 2015-068492

  In such a speed reducer, the oil supplied to the gear mechanism is agitated by the rotation and meshing of the gears, so that oil mist stays in the speed reducer. If the oil mist staying in the reduction gear increases, additional power for rotating the gears is required, and the efficiency of the reduction gear is reduced.

  An object of the present invention is to provide a gear reduction device that can suppress a reduction in efficiency by collecting oil mist around the gear mechanism and discharging it to the outside.

  In order to achieve the above object, a gear reduction device according to the present invention is a gear reduction device having a gear mechanism including a plurality of gears, and is provided apart from the gear mechanism in the axial direction. An oil mist collection box for collecting oil mist discharged from the positive pressure region in the apparatus is provided.

  According to this configuration, oil mist around the gear mechanism can be efficiently recovered with a simple structure by utilizing the positive pressure in the apparatus.

  In an embodiment of the present invention, the oil mist collection box may include a baffle wall that prevents the oil mist flowing into the oil mist collection box from flowing out to the gear mechanism side. According to this configuration, the oil mist can be more reliably collected by providing the baffle wall.

  In one embodiment of the present invention, the oil mist collection box may be a bearing box that houses a bearing of one of the plurality of gears. According to this configuration, since the bearing box is used as an oil mist collection box, the oil mist can be collected with a structure that can suppress an increase in the number of members and the size of the apparatus.

  In an embodiment of the present invention, the positive pressure region may be a meshing region of the plurality of gears. According to this configuration, since the positive pressure in the meshing region of the gear mechanism is used, oil mist around the gear can be recovered very efficiently with a simple structure.

  In one embodiment of the present invention, an oil separator provided in the oil mist recovery box for separating the oil mist into oil and air, and the air separated by the oil separator from the negative pressure in the gear reduction device. And an air reflux path that circulates back to the zone. According to this configuration, since the air separated from the oil mist is recirculated by utilizing the negative pressure region in the apparatus, the air can be efficiently circulated with a simple structure.

  According to the gear reduction device according to the present invention, oil mist around the gear mechanism is collected and discharged to the outside of the gear reduction device, so that a reduction in efficiency of the gear reduction device can be suppressed.

It is a longitudinal section showing a schematic structure of a gear reduction gear concerning a 1st embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 2 is a front view schematically showing a schematic configuration of a gear mechanism of the gear reduction device of FIG. 1. It is a front view which shows typically the positional relationship of the gear mechanism and baffle wall of the gear reducer of FIG. It is a front view which shows schematic structure of the gear reduction device which concerns on 2nd Embodiment of this invention. It is a longitudinal cross-sectional view which shows typically the internal structure of the gear reducer of FIG.

  Hereinafter, preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 shows a gear reduction device according to a first embodiment of the present invention. The gear reduction device 1 includes a gear mechanism 3 composed of a plurality of gears. As shown in FIG. 2, the gear mechanism 3 of the present embodiment is a gear mechanism 3 </ b> A including a driving side gear 5 and a driven side gear 7 that mesh with each other. The drive side gear 5 is fitted on the outer periphery of the input shaft 9 for inputting rotational power from the outside of the gear reduction device 1. The driven gear 7 is fitted to the outer periphery of the output shaft 11 that outputs rotational power to the outside of the gear reduction device 1. The outer diameter of the driving gear 5 is smaller than the outer diameter of the driven gear 7. In this embodiment, each of the drive side gear 5 and the driven side gear 7 is formed as a gear having external teeth composed of two rows of helical gears inclined in opposite directions.

  As shown in FIG. 1, both end portions of the input shaft 9 (only one end portion is shown in the figure) are rotatably supported by drive side bearings 13. This bearing is housed in a drive-side bearing box 15 provided on the side surface of the drive-side gear 5 so as to face the axial direction C1. Although illustration is omitted, similarly, both end portions of the output shaft 11 are rotatably supported by driven side bearings, and the bearings are provided to face the side surfaces of the driven side gears in the axial direction. It is accommodated in the driven side bearing box.

  As shown in FIG. 2, in this example, the gear mechanism 3 is arranged such that the two gears 5 and 7 are arranged such that the upper part in the vertical direction is the biting side and the lower side is the biting side. Above the meshing portion of the gear mechanism 3, a triangular baffle protrusion 17 is provided that tapers toward the meshing portion of both the gears 5 and 7 (that is, downward). That is, the two side walls 17a, 17a of the baffle protrusion 17 having such a shape are respectively opposed to the tooth surface (outer peripheral surface) of the driving gear 5 and the tooth surface (outer peripheral surface) of the driven gear 7. positioned. An oil passage (not shown) is formed inside the baffle protrusion 17, and an oil supply nozzle that supplies lubricating oil OL to the tooth surfaces of the drive side gear 5 and the driven side gear 7 on the side wall of the baffle protrusion 17. 19 is formed. The oil supply nozzle 19 is formed as a hole penetrating the side wall 17 a of the baffle protrusion 17. In this example, the baffle protrusion 17 protrudes from the housing 21 of the gear reduction device 1.

  As shown in FIG. 1, the gear reduction device 1 according to the present embodiment is provided so as to be separated from the gear mechanism 3 in the axial direction C1 and discharged from a positive pressure region in the gear reduction device 1. An oil mist collection box 23 for collecting the mist is provided. Specifically, in this example, the drive side bearing box 15 also serves as the oil mist collection box 23. In the following description of the present embodiment, the drive side bearing box 15 may be referred to as an “oil mist collection box 23”.

  Further, in the present specification, the “positive pressure region” refers to a region where the pressure is higher than the surrounding area during the operation of the gear reduction device 1. In the gear reduction device 1 according to the present embodiment, an example of the positive pressure region is a meshing region Z1 of the meshing portion of the gear mechanism 3 shown in FIG. The drive-side gear 5 and the driven-side gear 7 rotate in the respective rotation directions R1 and R2 toward the biting region Z1 and the baffle protrusions 17 are provided, so that the biting region Z1 is a positive pressure region. It has become. On the other hand, in this specification, the “negative pressure region” refers to a region where the pressure is lower than the surroundings during the operation of the gear reduction device 1.

  As shown in FIG. 1, the oil mist collection box 23 includes a baffle wall 25 that prevents the oil mist OM flowing into the oil mist collection box 23 from the positive pressure region from flowing out to the gear mechanism 3 side. . Specifically, the baffle wall 25 in this example is a wall provided on the gear mechanism 3 side of the drive side bearing box 15. As shown in FIG. 3, in the gear mechanism 3 of the present embodiment, the meshing region Z1 located above the meshing portion becomes a positive pressure region as described above, while the meshing-off region Z2 located below the meshing portion. Forms a negative pressure region. Therefore, in the portion facing the gear mechanism 3 side of the drive side bearing box 15, an opening 27 (hereinafter referred to as “oil recovery port”) 27 is formed in a portion facing the biting region Z1 which is a positive pressure region. The baffle wall 25 is provided in the remaining part including the part formed and opposed to the biting-off area Z2 which is a negative pressure area. More specifically, an oil recovery port 27 is formed in an approximately 1/4 portion of the drive-side bearing box 15 having a substantially circular outer shape when viewed from the axial direction C1 and near the driven-side gear 7, and the rest A baffle wall 25 is provided in a region of about 3/4.

  As shown in FIG. 1, an oil separator 31 that separates the oil mist OM into lubricating oil OL and air A is provided in an oil collection chamber 29 that is a space in the oil mist collection box 23. In the present embodiment, a metal plate having a large number of holes is used as the oil separator 31. The oil separator 31 is installed substantially horizontally at a position below the input shaft 9 in the drive side bearing box 15.

  In the drive-side bearing box 15, the oil mist OM flowing in from the oil recovery port 27 flows downward along the rotation direction of the input shaft 9, and passes through the oil separator 31 into the lubricating oil OL and the air A. To be separated. The lubricating oil OL separated by the oil separator 31 is discharged to the oil discharge path 33 connected to the bottom of the drive side bearing box 15. On the other hand, the air A separated by the oil separator 31 flows upward along the rotation direction R <b> 1 of the input shaft 9 and re-enters the space above the oil separator 31.

  The gear reduction device 1 according to the present embodiment further includes an air recirculation path 35 for returning the air separated from the oil mist OM by the oil separator 31 to the negative pressure region in the gear reduction device 1. Specifically, in this example, the space above the input shaft 9 in the drive-side bearing housing 15 and the groove portion 37 between the two rows of helical gears of the drive-side gear 5 that is the negative pressure region are communicated. An air reflux pipe 39 is provided.

  By providing such an air recirculation path 35, the air A separated from the oil mist OM can be recirculated using the negative pressure region in the apparatus, so that the air A can be efficiently circulated by a simple structure. Is possible.

  According to the gear reduction device 11 according to the first embodiment described above, the oil mist OM around the gear mechanism 3 can be efficiently recovered with a simple structure by using the positive pressure in the device. In particular, the oil mist OM can be reliably recovered by providing the oil mist recovery box 23 with the baffle wall 25.

  Moreover, since the bearing box (in this example, the drive side bearing box 15) is used as the oil mist collection box 23, the oil mist OM can be collected with a structure that can suppress the increase in the number of members and the size of the apparatus. In the present embodiment, the drive side bearing box 15 is used as the oil mist collection box 23, but a driven side bearing box may be used as the oil mist collection box 23. Of course, by using a bearing box for the drive side gear 5 having a small outer diameter as the oil mist collection box 23, even if an oil drain pipe or the above-mentioned air reflux pipe is provided around the bearing box, the dimensions of the entire apparatus The increase can be suppressed.

  Next, the gear reduction device 1 according to the second embodiment of the present invention shown in FIG. 4 will be described. The gear reduction device 1 according to the present embodiment is also provided with a gear mechanism 3 composed of a plurality of gears, and an oil that is spaced apart from the gear mechanism 3 in the axial direction and discharged from a positive pressure region in the gear reduction device 1. Although common to the first embodiment in that an oil mist collection box 23 for collecting the mist OM is provided, the specific structure of the gear mechanism 3 is different from that of the first embodiment.

  The gear mechanism 3 to which this embodiment is applied is a planetary gear mechanism 3B. The planetary gear mechanism 3B is disposed on the outer periphery of the sun gear 51 having external teeth, a plurality of planet gears 53 having external teeth disposed on the outer periphery of the sun gear 51, and the planet gear 53. And a ring gear 55 having internal teeth. A baffle unit 57 is disposed in each circumferential gap between adjacent planet gears 53. The sun gear 51 is formed of a spur gear and is fitted to the outer periphery of an input shaft 59 for inputting external rotational power. The planet gear 53 is a spur gear corresponding to the sun gear 51 and meshes with the sun gear 51. Each of the planet gears 53 is rotatably supported on the outer periphery of the planet shaft 61 via a bearing. In the present embodiment, three planet gears 53 are arranged at equal intervals in the circumferential direction of the sun gear 51. The ring gear 55 is a spur gear and meshes with the three planet gears 53. The ring gear 55 is formed on the inner peripheral surface of the ring body 63.

  As shown in FIG. 5, the sun gear 51, the planet gear 53, the ring gear 55, and the baffle unit 57 constituting the planetary gear mechanism 3 </ b> B are housed in the housing 65 of the gear reduction device 1. A planet gear support plate 67 is fixed to the housing 65. A base end portion (left end portion in the figure) of the planet shaft 61 is attached to the planet gear support plate 67 so as not to be relatively rotatable. The distal end portion of the planet shaft 61 is supported by a disc-shaped end wall 69 attached to the housing 65 via a support plate.

  An output shaft 71 that is a rotation shaft is disposed on the same axis C2 as the input shaft 59. In the following description, the input shaft 59 side (left side in the figure) in the axis C direction is referred to as “front side”, and the output shaft 71 side (right side in the figure) is referred to as “rear side”. A rotating plate 73 is fixed to the outer periphery of the output shaft 71. The ring body 63 is provided with an output gear 75, which is another internal gear, behind the ring gear 55. The output gear 75 of the ring body 63 is gear-coupled with the outer peripheral edge of the rotating plate 73 and rotates integrally. Thereby, the rotation of the ring gear 55 is output from the output shaft 71.

  The baffle unit 57 is disposed between two adjacent planet gears 53 in FIG. 4, and is attached to the planet gear support plate 67 in FIG. 5 by a fastening member such as a bolt (not shown).

  The input shaft 59 extends through the input shaft insertion hole 77 formed at the center of the front wall 65 a of the housing 65 into the housing 65. On the outer surface (front surface) of the front wall 65a, an input-side bearing box 81 that accommodates an input-side bearing 79 that forms a part of the housing 65 and supports the input shaft 59 is provided. The input shaft 59 is rotatably supported by a support piece 83 protruding downward from the upper part of the input side bearing box 81 via an input side bearing 79 which is a slide bearing.

  The baffle unit 57 has a rear end wall 69 and a radially outer end wall 85. The end wall 69 is connected to the rear end of the radially outer end wall 85. The other end of the radially outer end wall 85 is provided with a mounting flange 87 protruding from the outer diameter side. The mounting flange 87 is attached to the housing 65 via the mounting flange 87 by a fastening member such as a bolt (not shown). It has been.

  A support portion 89 formed of a penetrating circular hole is formed at the center portion in the radial direction of the end wall 69 that forms a part of the baffle unit 57 shown in FIG. The support portion 89 supports the output shaft 71 through a bearing so as to be freely rotatable.

  A plurality of oil supply nozzles 91 for injecting the lubricating oil OL to the tooth surfaces of the sun gear 51 are formed in the vicinity of the end wall 69 below the support portion 89. The lubricating oil OL supplied from the oil supply nozzle 91 is supplied through an oil supply passage 93 formed from the wall of the housing 65 to the wall of the baffle unit 57. Since the end wall 69 provided with the oil supply nozzle 91 is located behind the sun gear 51 as described above, the oil supply nozzle 91 is formed in a direction inclined forward with respect to the vertical direction.

  Most of the lubricating oil OL injected from the oil supply nozzle 91 toward the sun gear 51 is discharged out of the planetary gear device 1 through a discharge path (not shown). On the other hand, the oil mist OM formed by the lubricating oil OL injected from the oil supply nozzle 91 toward the sun gear 51 is recovered and discharged by a recovery structure described below.

  The gear reduction device 1 according to the present embodiment is also provided apart from the gear mechanism 3 (planetary gear mechanism 3B) in the axial direction C2, and the oil mist OM discharged from the positive pressure region in the gear reduction device 1 is also provided. An oil mist recovery box 23 for recovery is provided. Specifically, in this example, the input side bearing box 81 also serves as the oil mist collection box 23. In the following description of the present embodiment, the input side bearing box 81 may be referred to as an “oil mist collection box 23”.

  The oil mist collection box 23 includes a baffle wall 25 that prevents the oil mist OM flowing into the oil mist collection box 23 from the positive pressure region from flowing out to the gear mechanism 3 side. Specifically, the baffle wall 25 in this example is a wall portion provided on the inner peripheral portion of the input shaft insertion hole 77 of the input side bearing box 81. In the gear mechanism 3 of the present embodiment, a meshing region Z1 between the sun gear 51 and the planet gear 53 shown in FIG. 4 forms a positive pressure region. On the other hand, the disengagement region Z2 between the sun gear 51 and the planet gear 53 forms a negative pressure region. Therefore, in the inner peripheral portion of the input shaft insertion hole 77 of the input side bearing box 81 in FIG. 5, an oil recovery port 27 is formed in a portion facing the biting region Z1 which is a positive pressure region, and the negative pressure region. The baffle wall 25 is provided in the remaining part including the part facing the biting-off area Z2. That is, in this example, three baffle walls 25 are provided at equal intervals in the circumferential direction.

  In the present embodiment, the oil separator 31 is provided so as to isolate the space in the bearing chamber in the axial direction C2, that is, in a direction orthogonal to the axial direction C2.

  In the input side bearing box 81, the oil mist OM flowing from the oil recovery port 27 flows forward along the axial direction C2 of the input shaft 59, and passes through the oil separator 31 to the lubricating oil OL and air A. Separated. The lubricating oil OL separated by the oil separator 31 is discharged to an oil discharge passage (not shown) connected to the bottom of the input side bearing box 81.

  Also in the present embodiment, an air recirculation path 35 that recirculates the air A separated from the oil mist OM by the oil separator 31 to the negative pressure region in the gear reduction device 1 is provided. Specifically, in this example, the air reflux pipe that communicates the space above the input shaft 59 in the input side bearing box 81 and the disengagement region Z3 between the planet gear 53 and the ring gear 55 as the negative pressure region. 39 is provided.

  Also with the gear reduction device 1 according to the second embodiment described above, the oil mist OM around the gear mechanism 3 can be efficiently recovered with a simple structure by using the positive pressure in the device. In particular, the oil mist OM can be reliably recovered by providing the oil mist recovery box 23 with the baffle wall 25.

  The gear mechanism provided in the gear reduction device to which the present invention is applied is not limited to the examples shown in the first embodiment and the second embodiment.

  As described above, the preferred embodiments have been described with reference to the drawings, but various additions, changes, or deletions can be made without departing from the spirit of the present invention. Therefore, such a thing is also included in the scope of the present invention.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Gear reduction device 3 Gear mechanism 23 Oil mist collection box 25 Baffle wall 31 Oil separator OM Oil mist Z1 Biting area (positive pressure area)

Claims (5)

A gear reduction device having a gear mechanism composed of a plurality of gears,
An oil mist collection box that is provided apart from the gear mechanism in the axial direction and collects oil mist discharged from a positive pressure region in the gear reduction device;
A gear reduction device comprising:   The gear reduction device according to claim 1, wherein the oil mist recovery box includes a baffle wall that prevents the oil mist flowing into the oil mist recovery box from flowing out to the gear mechanism side. .   The gear reduction device according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the oil mist recovery box is a bearing box that houses a bearing of one of the plurality of gears.   The gear reduction device according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the positive pressure region is a meshing region of the plurality of gears. The gear reduction device according to any one of claims 1 to 4, further comprising:
An oil separator provided in the oil mist collection box for separating the oil mist into oil and air;
An air recirculation path for recirculating the air separated by the oil separator to a negative pressure region in the gear reduction device;
A gear reduction device comprising:

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