JP2019142015A - Additional manufacturing device - Google Patents

Abstract

To provide an additional manufacturing device for preventing misregistration and inclination of an irradiation part which irradiates high energy beams such as a laser beam and an electron beam, enabling quality improvement of a shaped object.SOLUTION: An additional manufacturing device 1 has a support part 9 which supports an irradiation part 8 outside a chamber 2. The support part 9 is separated from the chamber 2, and it supports the irradiation part 8 apart from the chamber 2.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 1

Description

  The present invention relates to an additive manufacturing apparatus.

  Conventionally, an additive manufacturing technique is known. Additive manufacturing is the process of creating an object from a numerical representation of a three-dimensional shape by depositing material, in contrast to repetitive manufacturing. Additive manufacturing is also called “3D printer” or “laminated modeling”, and is often realized by laminating a plurality of layers. As an example of an apparatus for performing addition manufacturing, an invention related to a powder bed fusion bonding apparatus that forms a three-dimensional shaped object by selectively heating and solidifying with a laser beam while depositing a powder material in layers is known. (See Patent Document 1 below).

  The powder bed fusion bonding apparatus described in Patent Document 1 includes a modeling container, a laser light source, a chamber, a laser window, an optical scanning element, and an infrared camera (the same document). , See claim 1). The modeling container accommodates a modeled object together with a thin layer of powder material. The laser light source generates laser light that irradiates a thin layer of powder material. The chamber accommodates a modeling container. The laser window is provided on the upper surface of the chamber. The optical scanning element irradiates and scans a thin layer of powder material through a laser window. The infrared camera is arranged adjacent to the optical scanning element, and images the temperature distribution of the thin layer of the powder material on the surface of the modeling container through the laser window.

  In addition, the powder bed melting and bonding apparatus described in Patent Document 1 includes a laser window disposed between an optical device such as an optical scanning element and an infrared camera and a chamber, and the optical device is disposed in the chamber via the laser window. Is attached. This avoids sublimation of a part of the powder material heated by laser light irradiation or an infrared heater and failure of the optical device in a short time (the same document, paragraphs 0056, 0057 and (See FIG. 3 etc.)

JP 2017-144691 A

  In the conventional powder bed fusion bonding apparatus, as described above, an optical device including a laser beam emitting portion is attached to a chamber. For this reason, for example, when the inside of the chamber is depressurized from the atmospheric pressure to a vacuum pressure, the chamber is deformed so as to bend inward, and there is a possibility that the laser beam emitting portion is displaced or tilted. Such misalignment or inclination of the laser beam emitting portion is a factor that degrades the quality of the modeled object.

  The present disclosure provides an additional manufacturing apparatus capable of improving the quality of a modeled object by preventing displacement and inclination of an irradiation unit that emits a high energy beam such as a laser beam or an electron beam.

  One embodiment of the present disclosure includes a chamber that accommodates a material for additive manufacturing, a transmission window provided in the chamber, an irradiation unit that irradiates the material with a high-energy beam through the transmission window, An additional manufacturing apparatus comprising: a decompression unit that decompresses the interior; and a support unit that supports the irradiation unit outside the chamber, wherein the support unit is separated from the chamber, and the irradiation unit is It is an additional manufacturing apparatus characterized by being supported separately from the chamber.

  According to the above aspect, it is possible to provide an additional manufacturing apparatus capable of improving the quality of a modeled object by preventing positional deviation and inclination of an irradiation unit that irradiates a high energy beam such as a laser beam or an electron beam. Can do.

1 is a schematic cross-sectional view of an additive manufacturing apparatus according to Embodiment 1 of the present disclosure. A typical sectional view of an addition manufacture device concerning Embodiment 2 of this indication. A typical sectional view of an addition manufacture device concerning Embodiment 3 of this indication. A typical sectional view of an addition manufacture device concerning Embodiment 4 of this indication. Typical sectional drawing of the addition manufacturing apparatus which concerns on a comparison form. The schematic diagram which shows the positional relationship of the irradiation part of an additional manufacturing apparatus of a comparison form, and an additional manufacturing part.

  Hereinafter, an embodiment of an additive manufacturing apparatus according to the present disclosure will be described with reference to the drawings.

[Embodiment 1]
FIG. 1 is a schematic cross-sectional view illustrating a schematic configuration of an additive manufacturing apparatus 1 according to Embodiment 1 of the present disclosure. Although details will be described later, the additive manufacturing apparatus 1 of the present embodiment has the following features as the maximum features.

  The additive manufacturing apparatus 1 irradiates the material powder P with a high energy beam B through the chamber 2 that houses the material powder P for additive manufacturing, the transmission window 22 provided in the chamber 2, and the transmission window 22. An irradiation unit 8 and a decompression unit 3 that decompresses the interior of the chamber 2 are provided. Furthermore, the additional manufacturing apparatus 1 includes a support portion 9 that supports the irradiation unit 8 outside the chamber 2. The support portion 9 is separated from the chamber 2 and supports the irradiation portion 8 while being separated from the chamber 2.

  Hereinafter, the structure of each part of the additional manufacturing apparatus 1 of this embodiment is demonstrated in detail. The additional manufacturing apparatus 1 includes, for example, a chamber 2, a decompression unit 3, a material supply unit 4, an additional manufacturing unit 5, a collection unit 6, a recoater 7, an irradiation unit 8, a support unit 9, and a base. Part 10. For example, the additive manufacturing apparatus 1 selectively melts and bonds the material powder P, which is a material for additive manufacturing spread in the additive manufacturing unit 5, with the heat energy of the high energy beam B, and performs additive manufacturing of the shaped article M. Adopting the powder bed fusion bonding method.

  The chamber 2 accommodates each part of the additive manufacturing apparatus 1 except the irradiation part 8 and the decompression part 3, for example. The chamber 2 has, for example, a transmission window 22 in which a protective glass 21 is fitted. The transmission window 22 transmits the high energy beam B irradiated from the irradiation unit 8 arranged outside the chamber 2 and reaches the material powder P spread on the stage 51 of the additional manufacturing unit 5 inside the chamber 2. .

  The chamber 2 has a gas outlet 2 b that discharges the gas inside the chamber 2. Although not shown, the chamber 2 may have a gas inlet for introducing an inert gas such as argon gas or nitrogen gas, for example. Further, as will be described in detail in another embodiment to be described later, the chamber 2 may have a reinforcing rib on at least the outer surface around the transmission window 22.

The decompression unit 3 is constituted by, for example, a vacuum pump, and is connected to the chamber 2 via a vacuuming pipe 23 connected to the gas outlet 2b. The decompression unit 3 sucks the gas inside the chamber 2 through the pipe 23 and discharges it to the outside of the chamber 2, so that the internal pressure of the chamber 2 is reduced to a vacuum pressure lower than the atmospheric pressure, and the inside of the chamber 2 To a vacuum. The pressure inside the chamber 2 is reduced, for example, by absolute pressure from 10 [Pa] to 10 ⁻³ [Pa] by the decompression unit 3.

  The material supply unit 4 is, for example, a concave part surrounded by a side wall and a bottom wall. The material supply unit 4 has a stage 41 for supplying the material powder P. The bottom wall of the material supply unit 4 is configured by a material supply stage 41. The material supply unit 4 is open at the top and has an opening at the upper end of the side wall, and the material powder P is placed on the material supply stage 41. The material supply stage 41 is provided so as to be movable up and down at a predetermined pitch by an appropriate lifting mechanism, for example.

  Although it does not specifically limit as material powder P used for addition manufacture of the molded article M, For example, powder of metal materials, such as copper, a titanium alloy, a nickel alloy, an aluminum alloy, a cobalt chromium alloy, stainless steel, resin, such as polyamide Material powder, ceramic powder, or the like can be used. The additive manufacturing apparatus 1 of the present embodiment uses, for example, a metal material powder as the material powder P.

  The additional manufacturing unit 5 is, for example, a concave part surrounded by a side wall and a bottom wall, like the material supply unit 4 described above. The additional manufacturing unit 5 includes a stage 51 for additional manufacturing. The bottom wall of the additional manufacturing section 5 is configured by a stage 51 for additional manufacturing. Like the material supply unit 4, the additional manufacturing unit 5 has an opening at the upper end of the side wall and an opening at the upper end of the side wall. On the stage 51 for additional manufacturing, the material powder P supplied from the material supply unit 4 and The modeled object M manufactured by addition manufacture is mounted. The opening of the additional manufacturing unit 5 and the opening of the material supply unit 4 are, for example, substantially equal in height in the vertical direction and are generally aligned in the horizontal direction. The stage 51 for additional manufacture is provided so as to be able to be raised and lowered at a predetermined pitch by, for example, an appropriate lifting mechanism, similarly to the stage 41 for material supply described above.

  The collection part 6 is a concave part surrounded by a side wall and a bottom wall, for example. In the illustrated example, the bottom wall of the recovery unit 6 is fixed to the lower end of the side wall, but may be configured by a stage that can be raised and lowered, like the material supply unit 4 and the additional manufacturing unit 5. The collection unit 6 is open at the top and has an opening at the upper end of the side wall. The opening of the collection unit 6 and the opening of the additional manufacturing unit 5 are approximately equal in height in the vertical direction and are generally aligned in the horizontal direction. The collection unit 6 accommodates and collects excess material powder P supplied from the material supply unit 4 to the additional production unit 5 by the recoater 7, for example.

  The recoater 7 is provided so as to be movable in the horizontal direction generally along the openings of the material supply unit 4 and the additional manufacturing unit 5 by an appropriate moving mechanism, for example. The recoater 7 is provided so as to reciprocate in the moving direction. When the recoater 7 supplies the material powder P from the material supply unit 4 to the additional manufacturing unit 5, the recoater 7 opens the opening of the material supply unit 4 and the additional manufacturing unit 5 from the position on the near side of the opening of the material supply unit 4. It moves across the opening to a position facing the opening of the collection unit 6.

  The irradiation unit 8 is, for example, an electron irradiation unit that generates an electron beam with an output of about several kW in a vacuum, or an optical system such as a laser light source and a galvano scanner that generates a laser with an output of about several hundreds to several kW. And can be configured. The irradiation unit 8 of the additional manufacturing apparatus 1 of the present embodiment includes, for example, a laser light source that generates a single mode fiber laser having a wavelength of 1070 nm and an output of 500 W, that is, a fiber laser having a Gaussian distribution of energy intensity.

  As described above, the support unit 9 is a structure for supporting the irradiation unit 8 outside the chamber 2. The support unit 9 is provided apart from the chamber 2, and supports the irradiation unit 8 separately from the chamber 2. Yes. That is, the support portion 9 is not fixed to the chamber 2, is provided independently of the chamber 2, and has a gap with the chamber 2. The support portion 9 is, for example, a columnar or beam-like structure, and is provided around the chamber 2 in a lattice shape or a frame shape. For example, the entire support portion 9 is disposed at a predetermined distance from the chamber 2 and surrounds the chamber 2 without contacting the chamber 2. The support portion 9 is made of, for example, a material having sufficient rigidity that does not cause deformation due to the operation of the additional manufacturing apparatus 1 such as stainless steel or structural steel.

  The base 10 supports, for example, each member constituting the additional manufacturing apparatus 1 such as the chamber 2 and the material supply unit 4, the additional manufacturing unit 5, the recovery unit 6, and the recoater 7 accommodated therein. The plate-like, lattice-like or frame-like structure. The base part 10 is arrange | positioned at the bottom part of the addition manufacturing apparatus 1, for example, and is supporting each member from the downward direction. More specifically, the chamber 2 is fixed to the upper surface of the base part 10 and supported by the base part 10.

  Further, for example, at least a part of each part such as the material supply unit 4, the additional manufacturing unit 5, the recovery unit 6, and the recoater 7 housed in the chamber 2 is fixed to the base unit 10. Independently, it is supported by the base 10. In the example shown in FIG. 1, the base 10 closes the lower end of the side wall of the chamber 2, and the base 10 forms the bottom wall of the chamber 2. The chamber 2 may have a bottom wall separately from the base part 10, and the bottom wall may be fixed to the base part 10.

  The base 10 is made of a material having sufficient rigidity that does not cause deformation due to the operation of the additional manufacturing apparatus 1, such as stainless steel or structural steel. The base 10 has, for example, a plurality of legs, and is supported on the floor surface by the plurality of legs. In the space between the base 10 and the floor, for example, various auxiliary machines such as a motor, a power supply, a control device, a gas supply device, a gas recovery device, a pipe, and a cable constituting each part of the additional manufacturing apparatus 1 Kind is arranged.

  In the additive manufacturing apparatus 1 of the present embodiment, the support part 9 that supports the irradiation part 8 outside the chamber 2 is fixed to the base part 10, for example. More specifically, as for the support part 9, the flange provided in the lower end part is being fixed to the base part 10 with fastening members, such as a volt | bolt and a nut. Moreover, the lower end part of the support part 9 may be fixed to the base part 10 by welding, for example. The support portion 9 is, for example, one dimension larger than the outer dimension of the chamber 2, is separated from the chamber 2 while being fixed to the base portion 10, and supports the irradiation portion 8 while being separated from the chamber 2. Yes.

  Hereinafter, the operation of the additive manufacturing apparatus 1 of the present embodiment will be described.

  In order to perform the additive manufacturing of the shaped article M by the additional manufacturing apparatus 1 of the present embodiment, first, the air inside the chamber 2 is discharged by the decompression unit 3, and the inside of the chamber 2 is depressurized from the atmospheric pressure to be in a vacuum state. To. When the chamber 2 has a gas inlet, an inert gas such as an argon gas or a nitrogen gas inside the chamber 2 is introduced, and the gas inside the chamber 2 is discharged by the decompression unit 3. The inside is evacuated to a pressure lower than atmospheric pressure.

  Next, the stage 51 of the additional manufacturing unit 5 is lowered from the opening at the upper end of the side wall at a predetermined pitch so that a predetermined amount of the material powder P for additional manufacturing can be accommodated in the additional manufacturing unit 5. Next, the stage 41 of the material supply unit 4 is raised at a predetermined pitch, and a predetermined amount of the material powder P for additive manufacturing is pushed up above the opening. Next, the recoater 7 is moved so as to cross the opening of the material supply unit 4, and the material powder P pushed up above the opening of the material supply unit 4 is moved to the additional manufacturing unit 5 by the recoater 7.

  Further, the recoater 7 is moved so as to cross the opening of the additional manufacturing section 5, and the material powder P is introduced into the opening of the additional manufacturing section 5 by the recoater 7 and placed on the stage 51 of the additional manufacturing section 5. Then, the recoater 7 spreads the material powder P evenly and evenly on the height of the opening of the additional manufacturing section 5. At this time, the excess material powder P is introduced into the opening of the recovery unit 6 by the recoater 7, accommodated in the recovery unit 6 and recovered. Thereafter, the recoater 7 is moved in the reverse direction to return to the original position.

  Next, based on the three-dimensional shape data of the model M, a high energy beam B such as a laser or an electron beam is applied from the irradiation unit 8 to a predetermined region of the material powder P on the stage 51 of the additional manufacturing unit 5. Irradiate. As a result, the material powder P in a predetermined region is melt-bonded to form a part of the shaped object M. At this time, the chamber 2 is in a vacuum state in which the internal pressure is lower than the atmospheric pressure. Therefore, the partition wall that defines the chamber 2 is deformed so as to bend inward due to the pressure difference between the inside and the outside of the chamber 2.

  FIG. 5 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a comparative additional manufacturing apparatus 1X for explaining a problem when the irradiation unit 8 is attached to the chamber 2 through the transmission window 22 in the same manner as the conventional powder bed fusion bonding apparatus described above. FIG. FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram showing the relationship between the additional manufacturing unit 5 and the irradiation unit 8 of the additional manufacturing apparatus 1X of the comparative form shown in FIG. Note that in the additive manufacturing apparatus 1X of the comparative embodiment, the same reference numerals are given to the same configurations as those of the additive manufacturing apparatus 1 of the present embodiment, and the description thereof is omitted.

  When the inside of the chamber 2 is vacuumed by reducing the pressure from the atmospheric pressure, the partition wall defining the chamber 2 is deformed so as to bend inward due to the pressure difference between the inside and outside of the chamber 2. Therefore, when the irradiation unit 8 is attached to the chamber 2, when the inside of the chamber 2 is in a vacuum state, the position and inclination of the irradiation unit 8 change from the position and inclination before the chamber 2 is decompressed. Therefore, the irradiation position at which the material powder P is irradiated with the high energy beam B irradiated from the irradiation unit 8 is also changed, and the quality of the model M may be deteriorated.

  In particular, when the additional manufacturing apparatus 1X includes a plurality of irradiation units 8 and performs additional manufacturing of the shaped article M by sharing the plurality of irradiation units 8, the positional deviation and the inclination of the irradiation unit 8 as described above are the modeling. It greatly affects the quality of the object M. This is because it is necessary to match the irradiation position of the high energy beam B irradiated by each irradiation unit 8 at the boundary of the region shared by each irradiation unit 8.

  For example, as shown in FIG. 6, a case is assumed in which a distance H between the irradiation unit 8 and the material powder P spread on the additional manufacturing unit 5 is 800 [mm]. In this case, when the inclination angle θ of the irradiation unit 8 inclined after the chamber 2 is depressurized is 0.1 [°], the irradiation position of the high energy beam B is approximately 1. 4 [mm] shift. On the other hand, when the high energy beam B is laser light, the beam diameter at the irradiation position is, for example, 0.1 [mm]. Therefore, for example, when the deviation of the irradiation position of the high energy beam B is set to 10% or less of the beam diameter, that is, 0.01 [mm] or less, the inclination angle θ of the irradiation unit 8 is set to 0.0007 [°] or less. There is a need.

  However, when the irradiation unit 8 is attached to the chamber 2 as in the additive manufacturing apparatus 1X of the comparative form shown in FIG. 5, when the inside of the chamber 2 is in a vacuum state, the irradiation unit 8 is, for example, about 0.03. In some cases, it may be inclined at an inclination angle θ of about [°]. In order to suppress this inclination, it is conceivable to thicken or reinforce the partition wall of the chamber 2, but this increases the cost, increases the weight, increases the outer dimensions, and complicates the structure. Not right.

  On the other hand, as described above, the additive manufacturing apparatus 1 of the present embodiment includes the chamber 2 containing the material powder P for additive manufacturing, the transmission window 22 provided in the chamber 2, and the transmission window 22. An irradiation unit 8 that irradiates the material powder P with the high energy beam B and a decompression unit 3 that decompresses the interior of the chamber 2 are provided. Further, the additive manufacturing apparatus 1 of the present embodiment includes a support unit 9 that supports the irradiation unit 8 outside the chamber 2, the support unit 9 is separated from the chamber 2, and the irradiation unit 8 is separated from the chamber 2. And support.

  Therefore, even if the inside of the chamber 2 is depressurized from the atmospheric pressure to be in a vacuum state, even if the partition wall of the chamber 2 is deformed so as to bend inward, the influence of the deformation of the chamber 2 is not supported by the chamber 2 It does not reach part 9. Further, the support unit 9 supports the irradiation unit 8 while being separated from the chamber 2. Therefore, the irradiation unit 8 is not displaced or tilted by the deformation of the chamber 2.

  Thereby, it can prevent that the irradiation position where the high energy beam B irradiated from the irradiation part 8 is irradiated to the material powder P before and after decompressing the inside of the chamber 2 is changed. Therefore, according to the additive manufacturing apparatus 1 of the present embodiment, it is possible to prevent the displacement and the inclination of the irradiation unit 8 that irradiates the high energy beam B such as a laser beam or an electron beam, and to improve the quality of the model M. Can do.

  Moreover, the additional manufacturing apparatus 1 of this embodiment is provided with the base part 10 which supports the chamber 2 as mentioned above. The support portion 9 is fixed to the base portion 10. Thereby, it is prevented that the positional relationship between the additional manufacturing unit 5 housed in the chamber 2 and supported by the base unit 10 and the support unit 9 is changed. Therefore, it is prevented that the positional relationship between the irradiation unit 8 supported by the support unit 9 and the material powder P spread on the additional manufacturing unit 5 is changed, and the quality of the model M that is modeled by the additional manufacturing unit 5 Can be improved.

  As described above, according to the present embodiment, it is possible to improve the quality of the shaped object M by preventing the displacement and the inclination of the irradiation unit 8 that irradiates the high energy beam B such as a laser beam or an electron beam. A possible additional manufacturing apparatus 1 can be provided.

[Embodiment 2]
FIG. 2 is a schematic cross-sectional view illustrating a schematic configuration of an additive manufacturing apparatus 1A according to Embodiment 2 of the present disclosure. 1 A of additional manufacturing apparatuses of this embodiment surround the space which the high energy beam B between the point provided with the several irradiation part 8 supported by the support part 9, and the irradiation part 8 and the permeation | transmission window 22 passes. It differs from the additional manufacturing apparatus 1 which concerns on above-mentioned Embodiment 1 by the point provided with the shielding part 11. FIG. Other configurations of the additive manufacturing apparatus 1A of the present embodiment are the same as the configurations of the additive manufacturing apparatus 1 of the above-described first embodiment, and thus the same parts are denoted by the same reference numerals and description thereof is omitted.

  In the additive manufacturing apparatus 1A of the present embodiment, the chamber 2 includes, for example, a plurality of transmission windows 22 corresponding to the plurality of irradiation units 8 supported by the support unit 9. The number of the irradiation units 8 is not particularly limited. For example, about two to four irradiation units 8 can be supported by the support unit 9. With such a configuration, the additive manufacturing apparatus 1 </ b> A can model the model M by sharing the model M with the plurality of irradiation units 8, and can model the model M quickly. Further, as described above, at the boundary of the range in which each irradiation unit 8 shares the modeling, the position of the irradiation position where the high energy beam B is irradiated to the material powder P is prevented, and the additional manufacturing unit 5 performs modeling. The quality of the modeled object M can be improved.

  The shielding unit 11 surrounds the space through which the high energy beam B passes between the irradiation unit 8 and the transmission window 22, thereby preventing the high energy beam B from being emitted outside the shielding unit 11 due to reflection or the like. To do. Thereby, the safety | security of the additional manufacturing apparatus 1A which uses the high energy beam B can be improved.

  Moreover, in the additional manufacturing apparatus 1 of this embodiment, the shielding part 11 is provided so that a deformation | transformation is possible in the direction where the irradiation part 8 and the permeation | transmission window 22 oppose, for example. More specifically, for example, a material having flexibility and elasticity that can be deformed following the deformation of the chamber 2 can be used as the material of the shielding part 11. For example, even if the material has rigidity such as metal, the irradiation unit 8 and the transmission window 22 are opposed to each other by adopting a telescopic structure in which a plurality of cylindrical members are combined or a bellows structure. It can comprise so that a deformation | transformation is possible. With such a configuration, the shielding part 11 is brought into contact with the support part 9 and the chamber 2 to reliably prevent the leakage of the high energy beam B, while allowing the deformation of the chamber 2 by the shielding part 11, and the deformation of the chamber 2 is prevented. It is possible to prevent the support portion 9 from being affected.

[Embodiment 3]
FIG. 3 is a schematic cross-sectional view illustrating a schematic configuration of an additive manufacturing apparatus 1B according to Embodiment 3 of the present disclosure. The additional manufacturing apparatus 1B of the present embodiment is different from the additional manufacturing apparatus 1 according to the first embodiment described above in three points described below. Since the other structure of the additional manufacturing apparatus 1B of this embodiment is the same as that of the additional manufacturing apparatus 1 of the above-mentioned Embodiment 1, the same code | symbol is attached | subjected to the same part and description is abbreviate | omitted.

  The first difference between the additional manufacturing apparatus 1B of the present embodiment and the additional manufacturing apparatus 1 of the first embodiment is that the chamber 2 has a main chamber 2A and a sub chamber 2B. The main chamber 2A has, for example, a volume larger than that of the sub chamber 2B, and houses the material supply unit 4, the recovery unit 6, the recoater 7, and the like in addition to the additional manufacturing unit 5 on which the material powder P is spread. The sub chamber 2B is provided in communication with the main chamber 2A, for example, by providing an opening in the partition between the main chamber 2A, and a transmission window 22 is provided in the partition facing the irradiation unit 8 on the side opposite to the main chamber 2A. It has been.

  The second point of difference between the additional manufacturing apparatus 1B of the present embodiment and the additional manufacturing apparatus 1 of the first embodiment is that the sub chamber 2B introduces an inert gas such as argon gas or nitrogen gas. The main chamber 2 </ b> A has a gas outlet 2 b connected to the decompression unit 3. Furthermore, the third point that the additive manufacturing apparatus 1B of the present embodiment is different from the additive manufacturing apparatus 1 of the first embodiment is that the chamber 2 has reinforcing ribs 24 at least on the outer surface around the transmission window 22. It is a point.

  By the said 1st point, the additional manufacturing apparatus 1B of this embodiment accommodates the additional manufacturing part 5 grade | etc., Where the material powder P is arrange | positioned in the main chamber 2A, and makes the permeation | transmission window 22 which has the protective glass 21 from the material powder P. It can be provided in the sub chamber 2B at a remote position. Thereby, it becomes difficult for the fumes containing the metal vapor generated when the material powder P accommodated in the main chamber 2A is melt-bonded to reach the protective glass 21 of the transmission window 22 provided in the sub chamber 2B. Clouding and dirt can be prevented.

  Further, by making the sub chamber 2B smaller than the main chamber 2A and providing the transmission window 22 in the sub chamber 2B, the area of the partition wall of the chamber 2 facing the irradiation unit 8 and provided with the transmission window 22 is made as much as possible. Can be made smaller. Thereby, the deflection of the partition wall of the chamber 2 facing the irradiation unit 8 and provided with the transmission window 22 can be suppressed, and the airtightness between the protective glass 21 fitted in the transmission window 22 and the partition wall of the chamber 2 can be reduced. Can be improved.

  Further, due to the second point, the additive manufacturing apparatus 1B of the present embodiment can introduce gas from the gas inlet 2a of the sub chamber 2B and discharge gas from the gas outlet 2b of the main chamber 2A. The internal pressure of 2B can be made higher than the internal pressure of the main chamber 2A. Thereby, for example, fumes including metal vapor generated in the main chamber 2A when the material powder P is melt-bonded can be prevented from moving to the sub chamber 2B. Therefore, fogging and dirt of the protective glass 21 of the transmission window 22 provided in the sub chamber 2B can be prevented.

  Further, as in the third point, the chamber 2 of the additive manufacturing apparatus 1 </ b> B has reinforcing ribs 24 at least on the outer surface around the transmission window 22. With this configuration, when the inside of the chamber 2 is depressurized to be in a vacuum state, at least deformation of the partition wall of the chamber 2 around the transmission window 22 is suppressed. Thereby, it can prevent that the airtightness between the protective glass 21 of the permeation | transmission window 22 and the partition of the chamber 2 falls. In particular, the transmission window 22 is provided in the sub-chamber 2B smaller than the main chamber 2A, and the reinforcing ribs 24 are provided at least on the outer surface around the transmission window 22, so that the chamber 2 around the transmission window 22 can be more effectively provided. It is possible to reinforce the partition wall.

[Embodiment 4]
FIG. 4 is a schematic cross-sectional view illustrating a schematic configuration of an additive manufacturing apparatus 1C according to Embodiment 4 of the present disclosure. 1 C of additional manufacturing apparatuses of this embodiment are equipped with the imaging part 12 which images the inside of the chamber 2 from the exterior of the chamber 2 via the transmission window 22, and the support part 9 spaces apart the imaging part 12 from the chamber 2, and supports it. This is different from the additive manufacturing apparatus 1A according to the second embodiment described above. Since the other configuration of the additive manufacturing apparatus 1C of the present embodiment is the same as that of the additive manufacturing apparatus 1A of the above-described second embodiment, the same portions are denoted by the same reference numerals and description thereof is omitted.

  The imaging unit 12 is, for example, an inspection CCD camera that captures the shape of the model M that is modeled in the additional manufacturing unit 5, or an infrared ray for measuring the temperature of the material powder P on the stage 51 of the additional manufacturing unit 5. It can be configured by a camera or the like. The chamber 2 may have, for example, an imaging transmission window 22 between the imaging unit 12 and the additional manufacturing unit 5. According to the additional manufacturing apparatus 1C of the present embodiment, the inside of the chamber 2 is depressurized to a vacuum state lower than the atmospheric pressure, and even if the partition wall of the chamber 2 bends inward, the imaging unit 12 supported by the support unit 9 The deformation of the chamber 2 is not affected. For this reason, it is possible to prevent a position shift or an inclination of the imaging unit 12 and prevent a defect from occurring in the inspection of the molded article M and the temperature measurement of the imaging unit 12.

  As described above, the embodiment of the additive manufacturing apparatus according to the present disclosure has been described in detail with reference to the drawings. However, the specific configuration is not limited to this embodiment, and the design can be changed without departing from the gist of the present invention. And the like are included in the invention according to the present disclosure. For example, in the above-described embodiment, the additive manufacturing apparatus of the powder bed fusion bonding method has been described. However, the invention according to the present disclosure is not limited to the powder bed melt-bonding type additive manufacturing apparatus, and the internal pressure of the chamber is reduced from the atmospheric pressure, and the additive manufacturing material inside the chamber is external to the chamber. Any method that irradiates with a high energy beam can be applied.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Additional manufacturing apparatus 1A Additional manufacturing apparatus 1B Additional manufacturing apparatus 1C Additional manufacturing apparatus 2 Chamber 2A Main room 2B Subchamber 2a Gas inlet 2b Gas outlet 22 Permeation window 24 Reinforcement rib 3 Decompression part 8 Irradiation part 9 Support part 10 Base part 12 Imaging unit 11 Shielding unit B High energy beam P Material powder (material for additive manufacturing)

Claims (9)

A chamber containing a material for additive manufacturing, a transmission window provided in the chamber, an irradiation unit for irradiating the material with a high energy beam through the transmission window, and a decompression unit for decompressing the inside of the chamber An additional manufacturing apparatus comprising:
A support unit for supporting the irradiation unit outside the chamber;
The additional manufacturing apparatus, wherein the support part is separated from the chamber and supports the irradiation part while being separated from the chamber.   The additive manufacturing apparatus according to claim 1, further comprising a plurality of the irradiation units supported by the support unit. A base for supporting the chamber;
The additive manufacturing apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the support portion is fixed to the base portion. An imaging unit that images the inside of the chamber from the outside of the chamber through the transmission window,
The additive manufacturing apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the support unit supports the imaging unit while being spaced apart from the chamber.   2. The additive manufacturing apparatus according to claim 1, further comprising a shielding unit that surrounds a space through which the high-energy beam passes between the irradiation unit and the transmission window.   The additive manufacturing apparatus according to claim 5, wherein the shielding part is provided so as to be deformable in a direction in which the irradiation part and the transmission window face each other.   2. The additive manufacturing apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the chamber includes a main chamber in which the material is accommodated, and a sub chamber provided in communication with the main chamber and provided with the transmission window. . The sub chamber has a gas inlet for introducing gas,
The additive manufacturing apparatus according to claim 7, wherein the main chamber has a gas outlet connected to the decompression unit.   The additive manufacturing apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the chamber has a reinforcing rib on at least an outer surface around the transmission window.

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