JP2019135426A - Mortar joint forming method - Google Patents

Abstract

To provide a mortar joint forming method for heightening construction efficiency by optimizing a seal material used for mortar leakage preventing treatment and reducing mortar construction time while surely preventing mortar leakage.SOLUTION: In a mortar joint forming method for building construction, large refractory blocks 1Ab of 30 kg or more per one piece are stacked. The large blocks 1Ab are arranged at predetermined positions by keeping intervals allowing formation of joint 4 of required thickness, any one of tape 5A, rope 5B and a baloon 5C is selected as a seal material according to each opening of joint 4, mortar leakage preventing treatment is performed with the seal material, and mortar is pressed in from predetermined pressing-in holes 6 provided to the large blocks 1Ab.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 10

Description

  The present invention relates to a mortar joint formation method.

  In a chamber-type coke oven, carbonization chambers and combustion chambers are alternately arranged in the length direction of the furnace group (furnace width direction), the top of the carbonization chamber and the combustion chamber are arranged at the top of the furnace, and the heat storage chamber is arranged at the bottom. Yes. The portion between the combustion chamber and the heat storage chamber is also called the bellows portion. A sole flue is disposed in the lower part of the heat storage chamber. Usually, the dimensions of the carbonization chamber are about 4 to 7.5 m in furnace height, 350 to 550 mm in furnace width, and 13 to 17 m in furnace length. The combustion chamber consists of a combustion chamber flue array arranged in the furnace length direction. The partition walls between the carbonization chamber and the combustion chamber and the partition walls between the combustion chamber flues, the furnace top portion, the bellows portion, the heat storage chamber, and the sole fleet are all formed of a brick structure of refractory bricks. For example, a chamber furnace type coke oven (hereinafter simply referred to as “coke oven”) having 64 carbonization chambers is configured by using 2 million refractory bricks in total.

Existing coke ovens are now aging nationwide after 20 to 30 years of operation, and there is an urgent need to build new coke ovens.
The construction of a coke oven is conventionally performed by a builder by hand-loading refractory bricks. In the construction by hand, it is necessary to repeat the work of applying mortar to each refractory brick with a trowel and stacking it. Furthermore, refractory bricks used in coke ovens weigh more than a dozen kilograms, and it can be said that the work of stacking them is extremely hard work.
In addition, the coke oven needs to combine various types of refractory bricks of various shapes and sizes in a complicated manner, and the installation accuracy needs to be suppressed to within ± 2 mm. For this purpose, a large number of skilled furnaces are required, but skilled furnaces are getting older and it is difficult to secure them with a large number of people.

In order to reduce the number of necessary furnace builders by shortening the construction period, a number of refractory bricks are piled up to a specified size in a wide area away from the furnace construction site in advance. A prefabricated construction method is known in which a large block is integrated by the above-described method, and the large block is assembled at a construction site to stack a coke oven (Patent Documents 1 to 3).
Also, in order to make refractory bricks into large blocks, a precast method is also known, in which water is added to a granular refractory composition, kneaded, poured into a mold and dried to form large blocks of refractory. (Patent Document 4).
The prefabricated construction method or precast construction method has a large number of refractory blocks per block, which reduces the number of blocks to be stacked at the construction site and shortens the work at a narrow construction site. It is said that the work efficiency is good and the construction period is shortened. In particular, the precast method has good work efficiency because the number of blocks to be stacked is reduced.

Japanese Patent Laying-Open No. 2015-081300 JP 2006-223647 A JP, 2006-222758, A Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2016-210443

  Conventionally, even if it is a prefabricated construction method or a precast construction method, when building up refractory bricks or blocks (hereinafter referred to as “blocks”) at the furnace construction site, mortar should be put on the refractory blocks first. Paint. Thereafter, the refractory blocks are stacked, and the mortar applied to the refractory blocks forms joints between the refractory blocks. That is, all the conventional mortar pre-coating methods are used.

  However, in the mortar pre-coating method, it is difficult to uniformly apply the mortar according to the required joint thickness in order to construct the furnace with a predetermined installation accuracy in the furnace height direction Z. Therefore, in the mortar pre-coating method, an operation called a staking operation is required to adjust the joint thickness to a predetermined thickness.

  In the stagnation work, a spacer having the same thickness as the required joint thickness is arranged on the placed refractory block, and the mortar is applied thicker than the target joint thickness. Then, another refractory block is pushed back and forth and back and forth until it hits the spacer, and the excess mortar is pushed out from the joint and discharged.

  The massaging work moves the refractory blocks manually, so a large number of refractory blocks are required, especially in the prefabrication method and precast method, which are large blocks with a maximum size of 1 ton. .

  Because of this rubbing work, it is not always necessary at the construction site even if the number of blocks to be stacked at the construction site is reduced by making the refractory blocks per block large by prefabrication or precast construction. The number of furnace builders could not be reduced.

Therefore, the present inventor attempted to form joints by press-fitting mortar without performing mortar hand-painting and hand kneading work.
Specifically, a space is provided between the large blocks 1B so that the spacers 3 can be formed to form joints 4 having a necessary thickness, and the large blocks 1B to be stacked are disposed at predetermined positions on the spacers 3 (FIG. 1). 3) Tape 5A as a sealing material (tape 5Aa for sealing the opening of joint 4 on the outer peripheral surface of large block 1B, tape for sealing the opening of joint 4 on the inner surface of large-diameter hole 10C of large block 1B 5Ab) is applied to the opening of the joint 4 to prevent leakage of the mortar (FIG. 4A), the mortar is press-fitted from a predetermined inlet 6 provided in the large block 1B, and the mortar flow 7 is connected to the joint. The joint 4 filled with mortar was formed by spreading the inside of the mortar 4 (FIG. 4B).
As a result, it was possible to form the joint 4 filled with the mortar by press-fitting without performing the mortar hand-coating and the hand kneading work.
Hereinafter, the large block as a concept that does not limit the application is referred to as a large block 1, the large block for forming the bellows portion of the coke oven is referred to as the large block 1 A, and the large block for configuring the combustion chamber is referred to as the large block 1 B.

  By the way, the mortar leakage preventing process at the opening of the joint 4 is performed in order to form a mortar press-in flow path and to control the flow 7 of the mortar. The mortar flow 7 is controlled so that the mortar is evenly distributed over the joints 4 and the amount of mortar used is limited to a necessary amount.

  When hand-painting mortar by the mortar pre-coating method, the total amount can be defined even if the mortar is thickly applied, so that the amount of mortar that protrudes from the opening of the joint 4 can be suppressed without applying mortar leakage prevention treatment. it can. However, when the mortar is press-fitted, the mortar leaks from the opening of the joint 4 without limit unless the mortar leakage prevention treatment is performed. In addition, if mortar leakage prevention treatment is not properly applied, mortar spreads in places where the press-in flow path where mortar flows easily is wide, but mortar may not spread in places where the press-in flow path where mortar does not flow easily is narrow. .

As described above, the mortar leakage prevention treatment desirably uses a sealing material having a large sealing force for the purpose of reliably preventing the mortar leakage and spreading the mortar to the joint 4. However, a sealing material having a large sealing force is 1. 1. A special jig is required for construction. 2. It takes time for post-treatment such as removal of sealing material after mortar press-fitting. There are also many disadvantages such as being expensive.
Therefore, in the opening part where the pressure of the mortar applied to the opening part of the joint 4 is small, the sealing force is small, and if the leakage of the mortar is prevented by the easy-to-install sealing material, the time for installing and removing the sealing material can be reduced.

In addition, due to the shape of the opening of the joint 4 and the shape of each part of the coke oven, there are places where it is difficult to perform the mortar leakage prevention treatment, and it takes time to install the sealing material in such a place. In some cases, this may occur.
Since the next large block 1 cannot be arranged or installed unless the mortar press-fitting is completed, if the construction and post-treatment of the mortar leakage prevention process take time, the entire construction period of the coke oven becomes longer.

  As described above, optimizing the sealing material and reducing the construction time of the mortar leakage prevention treatment is an important problem in increasing the efficiency of mortar joint formation by press-fitting and shortening the construction period.

  In view of the above, the present invention prevents mortar leakage when forming joints 4 by press-fitting mortar in a mortar joint forming method for building a building such as a coke oven by stacking large blocks 1 It aims at providing the mortar joint formation method which optimizes the sealing material used for a process, shortens the time of mortar construction, and makes it highly efficient, preventing a mortar leak reliably.

The gist for solving the problems of the present invention is as follows.
(1) In a mortar joint formation method when building a building by stacking large blocks of refractory of 30 kg or more per piece,
The large block is disposed at a predetermined position by providing an interval capable of forming a joint having a required thickness,
According to each opening of the joint, each one of tape, rope, Fusen is selected as a sealing material, mortar leakage prevention treatment is performed by the sealing material,
A mortar joint forming method, wherein mortar is press-fitted from a predetermined pressure inlet provided in the large block.
(2) The mortar joint forming method according to (1), wherein any one of a tape, a rope, and a fuse is selected according to the shape of each opening of the joint.

  ADVANTAGE OF THE INVENTION According to this invention, the mortar leak prevention process can be optimized and the time of mortar construction can be shortened and it can be made highly efficient, preventing a mortar leak reliably. Therefore, the entire construction period can be shortened.

It is a perspective view explaining the process of arrange | positioning the large block 1B in a predetermined position. It is a side view of the furnace width direction X about the process of arrange | positioning the large block 1B in a predetermined position. (A) It is a top view of the arranged large block 1B. (B) It is a side view of the arranged large block. (A) It is a conceptual diagram which shows having sealed the opening part of the joint 4 of 10 C of large diameter holes of the large block 1B arrange | positioned, and an outer peripheral surface. (B) It is the conceptual diagram which showed the flow 7 of the mortar which flows into the joint 4 between the arrange | positioned large blocks 1B. (A) It is a perspective view which shows the case where the large block 1B for a combustion chamber structure is piled up on the large block 1A for a bellows part structure. (B) It is a DD arrow partial sectional view of (A). (A) It is a perspective view which shows the case where the large block 1A for a bellows part structure is piled up on the large block 1A for a bellows part structure. (B) It is an EE arrow partial sectional view of (A) when not performing mortar leak prevention processing in circular hole 10A and square hole 10B. (A) It is a EE arrow partial sectional view of Drawing 6 (A) showing that Fusen 5C is introduced as a sealing material in circular hole 10A. (B) It is the EE arrow partial sectional view of FIG. 6 (A) which shows having expanded the fuse 5C in the introduce | transduced circular hole 10A, and sealing the opening part of the joint 4. FIG. It is a perspective view explaining the process of arrange | positioning the large block 1A for a bellows part structure to the predetermined position on the large block 1A for a bellows part structure. (A) It is a side view of the furnace width direction X about the process of arrange | positioning 1A for bellows part structure in the predetermined position on the large block 1A for bellows part structure. (B) It is a side view of the furnace length direction Y about the process of arrange | positioning 1A in a predetermined position on the large block 1A for bellows part structure. (A) It is a top view of the large block 1A for the bellows part structure arrange | positioned. (B) It is a FF arrow fragmentary sectional view of the state of giving the mortar leak prevention process to the opening part of the joint 4 in the circular hole 10A and the square hole 10B. (A) It is a side view which shows having sealed the opening part of the joint 4 of the outer peripheral surface between the large blocks 1A and 1A for arrangement | positioning bellows parts with the tape 5A. (B) It is the conceptual diagram which showed the flow 7 of the mortar which flows into the joint 4 between the large blocks 1A and 1A for arrangement | positioning of the bellows part. It is a conceptual diagram which shows having sealed the opening part of the joint 4 of the arrange | positioned large block 1, and having installed the vibrator 9 in the large block 1. FIG.

  Hereinafter, although mortar joint formation in the case of constructing a coke oven will be described as an example, the present invention is not limited to the following examples or construction of a coke oven.

  The major features of the present invention are that the large block 1 is stacked to construct a building, mortar is pressed into the joint 4 to form the joint 4 of the large block 1, and each opening of the joint is inserted. Accordingly, one of the tape 5A, the rope 5B, and the fuse 5C is selected as the sealing material.

First, a method for using the sealing material will be described.
If a sealing material having a large sealing force is used in the mortar leakage prevention treatment, the mortar does not leak and the mortar press-in operation becomes smooth, but the work burden of removing the sealing material after the press-in increases. Further, a sealing material having a large sealing force is expensive. Therefore, workability and cost are ensured while ensuring the minimum required sealing force.
Specifically, in the present invention, one or more of the tape 5A, the rope 5B, and the fuse 5C is selected as a sealing material in accordance with each opening of the joint 4, and a mortar leakage preventing process is performed by this sealing material. It is characterized by that.

The coke oven is equipped with equipment units (sole flue, pillar wall, bellows, combustion chamber, furnace top) and one large block (large duct 1 outer surface, gas duct formed on the large block 1). Shape and structure are different. Also, the required sealing force is different.
The sealing force when the tape 5A, the rope 5B, and the fuse 5C are used as the sealing materials is different, and the ease of construction is also different. Therefore, according to the opening of various joints 4, by selecting one of the tape 5A, the rope 5B, and the fuse 5C as a sealing material, while preventing the mortar leakage, the mortar leakage prevention processing and post-treatment The construction period can be shortened.

  More preferably, one of the tape 5A, the rope 5B, and the fuse 5C is selected as the sealing material while preventing the mortar leakage, corresponding to the shapes and structures of the openings of various joints 4. Most preferably, any one of the tape 5A, the rope 5B, and the fuse 5C corresponds to the shapes and structures of the openings of the various joints 4 so that the sealing force is minimized while preventing mortar leakage. Is selected as the sealing material.

In general, the order of easy installation is Fusen 5C, rope 5B, and tape 5A. Therefore, the location where Fusen 5C is easy to use uses Fusen 5C as a seal material, the location where Fusen 5C is difficult to use, the location where rope 5B is easy to use uses rope 5B as a seal material, and tape 5A It is preferable to use the tape 5A as a sealing material only in a place where it is most easily used.
In particular, in the case of a complicated structure such as a coke oven and an opening of a joint 4 having a complicated shape, the tape 5A, the rope 5B, and the fuse 5C should be used as a sealing material at least one place each. Is preferred.

  More specifically, a preferable method for using the tape 5A, the rope 5B, and the fuse 5C as a sealing material will be described.

[Tape 5A]
As shown in FIG. 4A, when the same large block 1B having the large-diameter hole 10C for composing the combustion chamber is stacked up and down, a tape is used as a sealing material at the opening of the joint 4 in the large-diameter hole 10C. 5Ab can be subjected to mortar leakage prevention treatment by using tape 5Aa as the sealing material on the outer peripheral surface of the joint 4. In FIG. 4A, the left side shows a cross section so that the inside of the large-diameter hole 10C can be confirmed, and the right side shows the side surface of the outer peripheral surface of the large block 1B.
Using the tape 5A (5Aa, 5Ab) as a sealing material is the most versatile and reliable in preventing mortar leakage. Therefore, it is most preferable if the labor of construction is not considered. However, since the construction and post-processing take time compared to the case where Fusen 5C and rope 5B described later are used as seal materials, the tape 5A can be used only for the opening of the simple joint 4 where the construction of the tape 5A is easy. preferable. Specifically, as shown in FIG. 4A, it is preferable to use the tape 5A as a sealing material on the outer peripheral surface of the joint 4 when the large blocks 1B are stacked.

  As the tape 5A, the adhesive strength is 12 N / cm or more, and the product name is 4422W manufactured by 3M Japan.

[Rope 5B]
Although it is useful to use the tape 5A as a sealing material, it may be difficult to use it for all openings. In particular, coke ovens require a complex combination of many types of refractory blocks of various shapes and sizes. For example, a circular hole 10A and a rectangular hole 10B for a gas duct (air duct, mixed gas duct, coke gas duct, etc.) having a maximum diameter of 50 mm or less penetrating the bellows part in the furnace height direction Z are formed in the bellows part of the coke oven, A combustion chamber is formed on which the circular hole 10A and the rectangular hole 10B of the bellows part are connected. For convenience of explanation, the circular hole 10A and the rectangular hole 10B for the gas duct are illustrated as holes that vertically penetrate the vertical plane with respect to the horizontal plane. May be.
Thus, in order to construct a combustion chamber on the bellows part, when the large block 1B for composing the combustion chamber is stacked on the large block 1A for constructing the bellows part (FIG. 5A), the large one for composing the combustion chamber is used. The large-diameter hole 10C of the block 1B is not connected with the same cross-sectional shape as the circular hole 10A and the rectangular hole 10B of the large block 1A for constituting the bellows part. Therefore, the surfaces that seal both sides of the opening of the joint 4 between the large block 1A for forming the bellows portion and the large block 1B for forming the combustion chamber are not flat, and the combination of the blocks as shown in FIG. The opening of the joint 4 may come to the corner 41.

  In this case, the flat tape 5A cannot be pasted, and the tape 5A must be folded in a complicated manner to form a three-dimensional shape. However, it is difficult to fold and paste the tape 5A in a complicated manner, and a sufficient sealing force may not be obtained.

Therefore, in such a corner portion 41, as shown in FIGS. 5A and 5B, a rope 5B such as rubber is used as a sealing material, and a mortar leakage preventing process is performed by enclosing a region where the mortar should not leak. It is preferable to apply.
Further, the shape of the opening of the joint 4 that must be subjected to mortar leakage prevention treatment is complicated, or when the shape of the hole is a curved shape such as the square hole 10B shown in FIGS. Is small or far from the mouth of the hole, it is particularly preferable when the opening of the joint 4 is difficult to access, and when the length of the opening of the joint 4 is long, the rope 5B can be used as a sealing material. In FIG. 5, the illustration of the spacer 3 is omitted.

The rope 5B in the present invention includes rubber packing, an O-ring, a band having a certain width, and the like, and is sandwiched between the joints 4 between the large blocks 1 (the large block 1A and the large block 1B in FIG. 5). By this, it is a sealing material which prevents mortar leakage, and the shape is not necessarily limited to a string shape. Moreover, the mortar leak from the opening part of the joint 4 can be prevented, and if the mortar spreads to a necessary place, the rope 5B does not necessarily need to be arranged near the opening part, and may be arranged inside the joint 4. .
Furthermore, the cross-section of the rope 5B may be various shapes as long as it can prevent circular, semicircular, mountain-shaped, elliptical, square, etc., and mortar leakage from the opening of the joint 4. Can do.

In general, due to the problem of dimensional accuracy of the large block 1, the width of the opening of the joint 4 may slightly increase or decrease depending on the location. Alternatively, when the mortar is press-fitted, the large block 1 is slightly lifted by the mortar pressure, and the opening of the joint 4 may be expanded. Even in such a case, the rope 5B must always follow both the large blocks 1 on both sides of the joint 4 (the large block 1A and the large block 1B in FIG. 5) and keep in close contact with each other. Therefore, the rope 5 </ b> B is preferably an elastic member such as rubber that has good followability with respect to the variation in the distance between the joints 4 between the large blocks 1.
Specifically, the preferred material for the rope 5B is ethylene propylene diene rubber, and the product name is SFM manufactured by INOAC. A preferable shape is a cuboid having a thickness of 10 mm, a width of 20 mm.

  On the other hand, as shown in FIG. 5, the rope 5 </ b> B is sandwiched between the large block 1 </ b> A for constituting the bellows part and the large block 1 </ b> B for constituting the combustion chamber, and is packed in the opening of the joint 4. Therefore, it is difficult to physically remove the mortar after press-fitting. Therefore, the removal of the rope 5B is performed by burning out the rope 5B by heating the furnace after the construction of the coke oven.

When the rope 5B is burnt down, the portion becomes burnt (gap) and the mortar does not spread. Therefore, when using the rope 5B, it is preferable that the thickness of the rope 5B in the inner direction of the joint 4 is thin so that the burn allowance becomes small.
On the contrary, the opening of the joint 4 using the rope 5B is a place where the width 42 from the opening of the joint 4 where the mortar spreads to the inside of the joint 4 is sufficiently long even if there is a burning allowance. preferable.

[Fusen 5C]
In the coke oven, since the shape of each part is also complicated, the shape of the large block 1 is also complicated, and depending on the location, there are places where it is difficult to access the opening for attaching the tape 5A.

  For example, as described above, the bellows portion of the coke oven has circular holes 10A and square holes 10B for gas ducts (air duct, mixed gas duct, coke gas duct, etc.) having a maximum diameter of 50 mm or less that penetrate the bellows portion in the furnace height direction Z. Is formed. In order to configure the bellows part having the gas duct, as shown in FIGS. 6A and 6B, the large block 1Ab is stacked on the large block 1Aa for the bellows part structure having the same shape. The positions of the circular hole 10A and the rectangular hole 10B for the gas duct formed in each 1Ab are arranged together. Thereafter, in order to press-fit the mortar, the mortar leakage prevention treatment must be applied to the opening portion of the joint 4 inside the circular hole 10A and the rectangular hole 10B for the gas duct. If the mortar leakage prevention treatment is not performed, the mortar flow 7 as shown in FIG. 6 (B) causes the mortar to leak into the circular hole 10A and the square hole 10B indefinitely and block them.

  However, since the diameters of the circular holes 10A and the square holes 10B for the gas duct are small, there are cases where the hands are not put in even if the tape 5A is to be applied. Moreover, even if a hand enters, since the large block 1A for constituting the bellows part is large, the hand does not reach from the opening of the circular hole 10A and the rectangular hole 10B to the opening part of the joint 4 located inside thereof, and the tape It may be difficult to apply 5A.

  For example, in such a case, as shown in FIG. 7 (A), the large block 1A for accordion portion configuration is deflated so that the mortar leakage prevention treatment of the opening portion of the inner joint 4 can be performed. In this state, the fuse 5C is introduced into the opening of the joint 4 inside the circular hole 10A. Thereafter, as shown in FIG. 7B, air is introduced, the fuse 5C is expanded, the opening of the joint 4 in the circular hole 10A is suppressed from the inside, and the joint 4 is sealed. Although FIG. 7 illustrates the case where the fuse 5C is used for the circular hole 10A, the fuse 5C may be used for the square hole 10B. 6 and 7, the illustration of the spacer 3 is omitted.

In this way, using Fusen 5C as a sealing material is simple because the fusen 5C is introduced into the circular hole 10A and the rectangular hole 10B and air is fed by a compressor or the like.
On the other hand, the fuse 5C is difficult to use unless the opening of the joint 4 can be sealed from the inside like the opening of the joint 4 inside the circular hole 10A and the square hole 10B. Further, because the follower 5C has poor followability with respect to the shape of the opening of the joint 4, the opening of the joint 4 is not suitable for a square shape such as a square as in the rectangular hole 10B, and the shape of the opening of the joint 4 is not suitable. However, it is preferable to use it for a circular or elliptical portion. In order to seal the square hole 10, it is preferable to use the rope 5B described above. Further, the fuse 5C is preferably used when the diameter is 50 mm or less, rather than the one having a large diameter.
Specifically, as the material of Fusen 5C, a stretchable material such as rubber can be used.

Next, the configuration of the present invention other than the sealing material and an example of the embodiment will be described in detail.
The present invention is based on the premise that the large block 1 is stacked. Large block 1 refers to a block of refractory that has a unit of 30 kg or more. More preferably, one unit is a large block 1 of 200 kg or more, more preferably 800 kg or more. The large block 1 may be a unit in which a plurality of refractory blocks are joined together by mortar by a prefabricated construction method, or a large refractory large block 1 may be directly manufactured by a precast construction method. Since the work load at the building site is reduced by using the large block 1, the building can be performed efficiently.
Since each refractory block to be stacked becomes the large block 1, the weight per unit increases, so that it is difficult to stack the large block 1 by hand as in the conventional case. In addition, it is difficult to manually paint the mortar that forms the joint 4 of the large block 1, to manually grind the mortar, and to increase the installation accuracy.
Therefore, in the present invention, the joint 4 is formed by press-fitting the mortar without performing the mortar hand-painting and the hand kneading work.

An example of a specific procedure will be described in detail below.
FIG. 8 is a diagram in which a large block 1Aa for forming a bellows portion of a coke oven having a circular hole 10A and a rectangular hole 10B in the furnace height direction Z is to be disposed at a predetermined position on another large block 1Ab that has already been disposed. 9 is a side view thereof, FIG. 10A is a top view of the large block 1Ab arranged at a predetermined position as viewed from above, and FIG. 10B is a tape 5A, a rope 5B, and a fuse 5C. 10 is a partial cross-sectional view taken along the line FF in FIG.

  Not only the large block 1Ab but also the large block 1 is heavy, so it is piled up by a heavy machine such as a crane. Since heavy machinery is used, the burden that the builder has to carry out is reduced, and the number of builders required can be reduced.

  In order to arrange the large block 1Ab at a predetermined position safely and accurately by a heavy machine, the guide mechanism 2 shown in FIGS. 8 and 9 and the spacer 3 shown in FIGS. 8 to 11 can be arranged. When arranging the large block 1Ab, the guide mechanism 2 aligns the predetermined positions in the horizontal direction, that is, the furnace width direction X and the furnace length direction Y, and the spacer 3 is positioned in the vertical direction, that is, the furnace height direction Z. Is adjusted to a predetermined position. After the arrangement of the guide mechanism 2 and the spacer 3, the large block 1Ab is arranged at a predetermined position by a heavy machine. Here, if it is before arrange | positioning predetermined large block 1Ab, it does not specifically limit about the order which arrange | positions the guide mechanism 2 and the spacer 3. As shown in FIG.

  By arranging the guide mechanism 2, even if the large block 1Ab is arranged with a heavy machine with low installation accuracy, it can be arranged at a predetermined position in the furnace width direction X and the furnace length direction Y. Furthermore, the burden of readjustment for precise installation accuracy up to ± 2 mm by hand can be reduced. In addition, it is not necessary for a person to work under the large block 1Ab suspended by a crane, and the large block 1Ab can be safely disposed.

  For example, as illustrated in FIGS. 8 and 9, the guide mechanism 2 can be formed in a plate shape that is obliquely opened from below to above (furnace height direction Z). If such a diagonally open plate-like shape is used, the large block 1Ab slides down the surface of the open plate, so that the horizontal position is set to a predetermined position, that is, a predetermined furnace width direction X and a furnace length direction Y. The large block 1Ab can be accommodated in the position. The surfaces opened obliquely from the bottom to the top may be formed in each of the furnace width direction X and the furnace length direction Y in one guide mechanism 2. Moreover, you may arrange | position two types, the guide mechanism 2 which aligns the furnace width direction X, and the guide mechanism 2 which aligns the furnace length direction Y, respectively.

On the other hand, adjusting the vertical position to a predetermined position, that is, a predetermined position in the furnace height direction Z, places the spacer 3 at a predetermined position between the large blocks 1Aa and 1Ab as shown in FIG. Can be done. The spacer 3 also has a function of adjusting the thickness of the joint 4 in the furnace height direction Z to a predetermined thickness. The spacer 3 remains in the joint 4 even after the joint 4 is formed. Therefore, it is preferable to manufacture the spacer 3 by solidifying the mortar so as to be made of the same material as the mortar forming the joint.
Also, as shown in FIGS. 8 and 9, if the mortar leakage prevention treatment is applied to the opening of the joint 4 inside the square hole 10B by the rope 5B, the rectangular hole 10B is placed before placing the large block 1Ab to be stacked. The rope 5B is arranged so as to surround it.

  As shown in FIG. 9, when the large block 1Ab is arranged at a predetermined position, the guide mechanism 2 is removed. If the guide mechanism 2 is not removed, the mortar cannot be press-fitted. Since the arranged large block 1Ab is placed on the spacer 3 and not on the guide mechanism 2, the guide mechanism 2 can be removed after the placement of the large block 1Ab.

  Prior to the mortar press-fitting, as shown in FIGS. 10B and 11A, the opening of the joint 4 is subjected to a mortar leakage prevention process with a tape 5A, a rope 5B, and a fuse 5C. Not only the horizontal joint 4 but also the opening of the vertical joint 4 is sealed so that the mortar can be pressed into the vertical joint 4. Thereafter, mortar is press-fitted from a predetermined pressure inlet 6 provided in the large block 1Ab. As shown in FIG. 11 (B), the mortar injected from the pressure inlet 6 is a joint between the large block 1Aa and the large block 1Ab as a mortar flow 7 and between the large block 1 adjacent to 1Aa. 4 can fill the joint 4 with mortar. When constructing a coke oven, the thickness of the joint 4 is preferably 2 to 6 mm, and more preferably 4 mm.

In addition, when the joint 4 is thin and the shape is complicated, the mortar may not be sufficiently pressed into the joint 4. In that case, it is conceivable to increase the pressure for injecting the mortar, or to increase the amount of water in the injecting mortar to facilitate the flow of the mortar. Alternatively, it is conceivable to increase the number of pressure inlets to shorten the distance through which the mortar flows.
However, if the pressure of the mortar to be press-fitted is too high, the large block 1 is lifted by the pressure of the mortar and is displaced from a predetermined position, so that the installation accuracy may be deteriorated. Moreover, the mortar leakage prevention seal applied to the opening of the joint 4 may be broken and the mortar may leak.
When the water content of the mortar is increased, the time until the mortar is hardened becomes longer, and after the mortar is hardened, the strength is lowered as compared with the case where the mortar having a low water content is used.
If the number of pressure inlets is increased, the shape of the large block is further complicated, resulting in an increase in manufacturing cost, and it takes time to press the mortar.
In order to prevent such a problem, when the mortar is press-fitted, it is preferable to vibrate the large block 1 by the vibrator 9 installed on the large block 1 by the installation fitting 8 as shown in FIG. Since the mortar has a chitosotropy (characteristic that the viscosity decreases when subjected to a shear stress), it can be estimated that the viscosity of the mortar decreases by vibrating the large block 1. If the viscosity of the mortar decreases, the mortar that has been press-fitted from the pressure inlet 6 is thin and smoothly spreads into the joint 4 having a complicated shape, thereby forming the joint 4. Here, the vibration frequency and amplitude may be determined according to the size of the large block 1 and the length and shape of the joint 4. For example, it is preferable that the frequency is 10 to 60 Hz and the vibration energy is 100 to 250 kN. Moreover, if the vibration is given to the mortar, the place where the vibrator 9 is installed is not particularly limited. As one guideline for applying vibration, it is preferable to vibrate if the joint pressure exceeds 8 kPa.
By applying vibration, the pressure of press-fitting is not increased, the water content of the mortar is not increased, the mortar press-in distance is long, the joint 4 is thin, and a mortar joint having a complicated shape is formed. Therefore, the mortar joint 4 capable of performing the mortar press-fitting can be formed.

  As described above, in the present invention, the mortar construction is performed by press-fitting after the large block 1 is arranged, so that the mortar hand-coating and the mortar kneading work can be made unnecessary. Therefore, the furnace builder should supervise a mechanic who operates heavy machinery to place the large block 1, so that the required number of builders can be greatly reduced. Furthermore, since the sealing material used for the mortar leakage prevention treatment is optimized according to the opening of the joint 4, the mortar construction time can be shortened and the efficiency can be improved while reliably preventing the mortar leakage.

  As described above, according to the present invention, the stacking work of refractory blocks is made into a large block, mechanized, the mortar leakage prevention treatment is made highly efficient and the mortar is press-fitted, so the mortar construction efficiency is improved and the Thus, it is possible to reduce the labor of brick craftsmen and the like, and to construct a building in which large blocks 1 are stacked at low cost and in a short construction period.

      DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 ... Large block, 1A, 1Aa, 1Ab ... Large block for bellows part structure, 1B ... Large block for combustion chamber structure, 2 ... Guide mechanism, 3 ... Spacer, 4 ... Joint, 41 ... Corner part, 5A, 5Aa 5Ab ... tape, 5B ... rope, 5C ... Fusen, 6 ... pressure inlet, 7 ... flow of mortar, 8 ... installation bracket, 9 ... vibrator, 10A ... circular hole, 10B ... square hole, 10C ... large diameter hole, X ... furnace width direction, Y ... furnace length direction, Z ... furnace height direction

Claims (2)

In the mortar joint formation method when building a building by stacking large blocks of refractory of 30 kg or more per one,
The large block is disposed at a predetermined position by providing an interval capable of forming a joint having a required thickness,
According to each opening of the joint, each one of tape, rope, Fusen is selected as a sealing material, mortar leakage prevention treatment is performed by the sealing material,
A mortar joint forming method, wherein mortar is press-fitted from a predetermined pressure inlet provided in the large block.   2. The mortar joint forming method according to claim 1, wherein one of a tape, a rope, and a fuse is selected according to the shape of each opening of the joint.

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