JP2019123991A - Fire-resistant laminated lumber - Google Patents

Fire-resistant laminated lumber Download PDF

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JP2019123991A
JP2019123991A JP2018002966A JP2018002966A JP2019123991A JP 2019123991 A JP2019123991 A JP 2019123991A JP 2018002966 A JP2018002966 A JP 2018002966A JP 2018002966 A JP2018002966 A JP 2018002966A JP 2019123991 A JP2019123991 A JP 2019123991A
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layer
wood
laminated
flame retardant
carbonization
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JP7072142B2 (en
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由華 池畠
Yuka Ikehata
由華 池畠
真太郎 道越
Shintaro Michikoshi
真太郎 道越
恵英 若山
Yoshihide Wakayama
恵英 若山
愛枝 高橋
Yoshie Takahashi
愛枝 高橋
仁彦 森田
Masahiko Morita
仁彦 森田
浩樹 松尾
Hiroki Matsuo
浩樹 松尾
慎司 中濱
Shinji Nakahama
慎司 中濱
潤 越井
Jun Koshii
潤 越井
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KOSHII MOKUZAI KOGYO KK
Taisei Corp
Koshii and Co Ltd
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KOSHII MOKUZAI KOGYO KK
Taisei Corp
Koshii and Co Ltd
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Abstract

To provide a laminated lumber board with improved fire resistance.SOLUTION: A wooden load support part 2 is arranged in the center of a laminated lumber board on an outer periphery of which, a carbonization prevention layer 3, a flame resisting lamination layer 4, and a high density wood layer 5 are arranged in this order.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 1

Description

本発明は、木製の集成材に関する。特に、耐火性能を向上させた木製集成材に関する。   The present invention relates to wooden laminated timber. In particular, the present invention relates to a wooden laminated lumber with improved fire resistance performance.

木材は、なじみがある素材であって、古来より住宅などの建築に利用されてきており、戦後造林された森林資源も充実してきている。一方、可燃性材料であって、単木では品質のばらつきがあることなど建築材料としては使いにくい点がある。
集成材は、選別した優良な多数の板材を接着剤で接合して構成された一定品質の材料である。長さ、太さ、大きさも設定することができ、寸法も揃えることができ、大型建築にも利用可能となっている。
可燃性対策も各種検討されている。例えば、難燃薬剤を含浸させる方法や難燃材で被覆する方法などがある。難燃薬剤処理した木材と、モルタルなどの不燃材を組み合わせたものが多く提案されている。
Wood is a familiar material, and has been used for the construction of houses and buildings since ancient times, and the postwar afforested forest resources have also been enriched. On the other hand, it is a flammable material, and there is a point that it is difficult to use as a building material, such as that there is variation in quality in single trees.
A laminated material is a material of a fixed quality constructed by bonding a large number of sorted plate materials with an adhesive. The length, thickness and size can be set, the dimensions can be made uniform, and it can be used for large buildings.
Various flammability measures are also being considered. For example, there is a method of impregnating a flame retardant agent or a method of coating with a flame retardant material. Many have proposed a combination of wood treated with a flame retardant agent and a non-combustible material such as mortar.

可燃性対策に関する従来の提案をいくつか紹介する。
特許文献1(特開2015-196363号公報)には、難燃化処理された木材は塗装の付着が悪く、シランカップリング材をプライマー層として、下地処理することにより、塗装の付着性を向上させる発明が提案されている。
特許文献2(特開2012-136939号公報)には、荷重支持部の外隅部に難燃化処理材を配置し、米松などの外周材を設けて、耐火性能を向上させる提案がなされている。
特許文献3(特開2008-2189号公報)には、荷重支持層とその外側にモルタルや難燃処理材を配置し、その外側に表面材を設けた木質構造材が提案されている。
特許文献4(特開2011-152773号公報)には、リン系難燃基剤を木材へ処理するにあたり、浸透孔を設けないと、深さ方向に十分な薬剤処理ができないことが開示されている。
特許文献5(特開2014-87980号公報)には、モルタルバーを形成した梁材が提案されている。
特許文献6(特開2006-218707号公報)には、内層集成材と外層集成材をエポキシ樹脂、イソシアネート樹脂、又はウレタン樹脂の接着剤で接合し、かつ内層集成材にレゾルシノール樹脂接着剤を用いた木質系構造材が提案されている。
特許文献7(特開2005-53195号公報)には、荷重支持層の外側にモルタルや金属などの不燃材を配置した複合木質構造材が提案されている。
Here are some of the conventional suggestions for flammability measures.
According to Patent Document 1 (Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2015-196363), adhesion of paint is improved by adhesion-imparting of wood that is treated to be flame-retardant is poor, and surface treatment is performed using a silane coupling material as a primer layer. An invention is proposed.
In Patent Document 2 (Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2012-136939), a proposal is made to improve fire resistance performance by arranging a flame retardant treatment material at the outer corner of the load support portion and providing an outer peripheral material such as rice and pine. There is.
Patent Document 3 (Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2008-2189) proposes a wood structural material in which a load supporting layer and mortar or flame retardant treated material are disposed on the outer side thereof, and a surface material is provided on the outer side thereof.
Patent Document 4 (Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2011-152773) discloses that when treating a phosphorus-based flame retardant base to wood, sufficient chemical treatment in the depth direction can not be performed without providing a penetration hole. There is.
Patent Document 5 (Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2014-87980) proposes a beam having a mortar bar formed thereon.
In Patent Document 6 (Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2006-218707), an inner layer laminated member and an outer layer laminated member are bonded with an adhesive of epoxy resin, isocyanate resin or urethane resin, and a resorcinol resin adhesive is used for the inner layer laminated member. A wood based structural material has been proposed.
Patent Document 7 (Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2005-53195) proposes a composite wood structural material in which a non-combustible material such as mortar or metal is disposed on the outside of a load support layer.

特開2015-196363号公報JP, 2015-196363, A 特開2012-136939号公報Unexamined-Japanese-Patent No. 2012-136939 特開2008-002189号公報JP 2008-002189 A 特開2011-152773号公報JP, 2011-152773, A 特開2014-087980号公報JP, 2014-087980, A 特開2006-218707号公報Unexamined-Japanese-Patent No. 2006-218707 特開2005-053195号公報JP 2005-053195 A

本発明は、耐火性を向上させた木質系集成材を開発することを目的とする。特に、荷重支持部に炭化が及ばない耐火性を備えた木質の構造部材を実現することを目的とする。   An object of the present invention is to develop a wood-based laminated material with improved fire resistance. In particular, it is an object of the present invention to realize a wooden structural member having fire resistance that does not reach carbonization in the load support portion.

本発明は、荷重支持部材に被覆する層構成として、高密度木材層、難燃積層板層、炭化防止層を組み合わせて配置することによって、全体として被覆層を薄くするとともに、表面的には一般の木材と同様の仕上げが可能な構造材として使用可能な木質耐火構造部材である。
1.中央部に木製荷重支持部を配置し、その外周に炭化防止層、難燃積層板層、高密度木材層が順に配置されていることを特徴とする集成材。
2.柱材又は梁材であることを特徴とする1.記載の集成材。
3.高密度木材層が、高密度樹種材又は圧縮木材で形成された層であって、
難燃積層板層が、難燃薬剤を含浸させた薄板が積層されて形成された層であって、
炭化防止層が、耐熱性が150℃以上である無機物および/又は高分子化合物であり、 これらが350g/m2以上塗布されて形成された層であることを特徴とする1.又は2.記載の集成材。
4.耐火性の集成材であることを特徴とする1.〜3.のいずれかに記載の集成材。
In the present invention, as a layer configuration for covering a load supporting member, a high density wood layer, a flame retardant laminate layer, and a carbonization preventing layer are combined and arranged to thin the covering layer as a whole and to be general on the surface. Wood fireproof structural member that can be used as a structural material that can be finished like wood.
1. A laminated timber characterized in that a wooden load support portion is disposed in the central portion, and a carbonization prevention layer, a flame retardant laminated board layer, and a high density wood layer are disposed in that order on the outer periphery thereof.
2. It is a column material or a beam material. Laminated timber described.
3. The high density wood layer is a layer formed of high density tree seed wood or compressed wood,
The flame retardant laminate layer is a layer formed by laminating thin plates impregnated with a flame retardant agent,
The carbonization preventing layer is an inorganic substance and / or a polymer compound having a heat resistance of 150 ° C. or higher, and the layer is formed by applying 350 g / m 2 or more of these. Or 2. Laminated timber described.
4. It is characterized by being a fireproof laminated lumber. ~ 3. The laminated wood according to any one of the above.

1.耐火性を向上させた木質系集成材を開発することができた。特に、中心部の荷重支持部材が炭化することを防止できるので、構造部材として使用が可能となる。
荷重支持部材に被覆する層構成として、高密度木材層、難燃積層板層、炭化防止層を組み合わせて配置することによって、全体として被覆層を薄くするとともに、表面的には一般の木材と同様の仕上げが可能な構造材として使用可能な木質耐火構造部材を実現できた。
2.表面材は、薬剤などを含まない高密度木材であって、カンナなどの通常の木材と同じ加工を施すことが可能であり、また、そのまま露出させて使用ができ、感触も天然木と同等であり、そして表面は高密度材であるので、キズなどにも強く、維持、メンテナンスも容易である。
高密度木の燃焼は低密度の木よりも燃焼速度が緩やかとなり、難燃積層板の厚みを薄くすることができる。難燃積層板層に燃焼が及ぶことを抑制するので炭化遅延層として機能する。
高密度木を表層に設けることで難燃積層板に含浸された難燃薬剤の溶脱を防止することができ、難燃性能の劣化防止、難燃薬剤の溶脱による表面の白華現象も防止可能である。薬剤溶脱防止のための塗装が不要である。
高密度木は仕上げ層を兼ねるので部材断面を小さくすることが可能となる。密度が高いため、傷などもつきにくい。
3.難燃薬剤を薄板に含浸することで、ひき板に含浸させるよりも含浸量を増やすことができ、かつ、均一に含浸することができる。体積あたりの難燃薬液含浸量を増やすことで、炭化防止効果が向上するため、難燃積層板層を薄くでき、耐火集成材の部材断面を小さくすることができる。
4.炭化防止層は耐熱性を発揮して、荷重支持部が炎に直接に曝されることを防止し、着火することを防止する。
1. We could develop a wood-based laminated wood with improved fire resistance. In particular, since it is possible to prevent carbonization of the load support member at the central portion, it can be used as a structural member.
By combining and arranging a high density wood layer, a flame retardant laminate layer, and a carbonization prevention layer as a layer configuration for covering the load supporting member, the coating layer is made thin as a whole, and the surface is similar to general wood. The wood fireproof structural member which can be used as a structural material which can be finished can be realized.
2. The surface material is high density wood containing no chemicals etc. and can be processed in the same manner as ordinary wood such as canna etc. Moreover, it can be exposed and used as it is, and the feel is the same as natural wood. Since the surface is a high density material, it is resistant to scratches and easy to maintain and maintain.
The burning of high density wood makes the burning rate slower than that of low density wood, and the thickness of the flame retardant laminate can be reduced. It functions as a carbonization delay layer because combustion is prevented from reaching the flame retardant laminate layer.
By providing a high density tree on the surface, it is possible to prevent the leaching of the flame retardant agent impregnated in the flame retardant laminate, and to prevent the deterioration of the flame retardant performance and to prevent the surface whitening phenomenon due to the leaching of the flame retardant agent. It is. There is no need to paint for preventing drug leaching.
Since the high density wood doubles as a finishing layer, the cross section of the member can be reduced. Because the density is high, it is hard to get scratched.
3. By impregnating the flame retardant with the thin plate, the amount of impregnation can be increased more than impregnating the grinding plate, and uniform impregnation can be performed. Since the carbonization preventing effect is improved by increasing the amount of flame retardant chemical solution impregnation per volume, the flame retardant laminate layer can be made thinner, and the cross section of the fireproof laminated member can be made smaller.
4. The carbonization prevention layer exerts heat resistance to prevent the load support portion from being directly exposed to the flame and to prevent ignition.

耐火集成材の断面構成図を示す。The cross-sectional block diagram of a fireproof laminated material is shown. 燃焼試験に伴う荷重支持部材の温度変化を示すグラフ。The graph which shows the temperature change of the load support member accompanying a combustion test. 難燃LVL耐火集成材の断面構成図を示す。The cross-sectional block diagram of a flame-retardant LVL fireproof laminated material is shown. 難燃薬剤の薬液量による燃焼試験に伴う荷重支持部材の温度変化を示すグラフ。The graph which shows the temperature change of the load support member accompanying the combustion test by the chemical | medical solution amount of a flame retardant chemical | medical agent. 比較例耐火集成材1の断面構成図を示す。The cross-sectional block diagram of the comparative example fire-resistant laminated material 1 is shown. 比較例耐火集成材2を示す。The comparative example fireproof laminated timber 2 is shown.

本発明は、耐火性を備えた木質系集成材である。
図1に本発明の、耐火集成材1の構成の概略を示す。耐火集成材1は、中央部に木製荷重支持部2を配置し、その外周に炭化防止層3、難燃積層板層4、高密度木材からなる炭化遅延層5を順に配置した木質系集成材である。
火災に被災したときに木製荷重支持部が損傷しにくい構造を実現したので、梁や柱材などの架構材として十分に利用できる。
本発明は、荷重支持部の外側に3層を被覆形成した耐火木質材であって、表面側から密度の高い木材若しくは圧縮して密度を高めた木材(以降、高密度木)で構成された表面層と、その内側に、難燃薬剤を含浸させた薄板を積層した難燃積層板配置し、さらに炭化防止層を設けて、中心部に荷重支持木材を配置した積層材である。
中心部の荷重支持木材に火災の熱による損傷が及ばないように、その表面側に被覆する材料として木質系の材料を用いて選択し、組み合わせることにより、構造用材として建築に利用可能な木質系の耐火集成材を実現したものである。
The present invention is a fireproof wood-based laminated lumber.
The outline of a structure of the fireproof laminated material 1 of this invention is shown in FIG. The fireproof laminated wood 1 is a wood-based laminated wood in which a wood load supporting portion 2 is disposed in the center and a carbonization prevention layer 3, a flame retardant laminated board layer 4 and a carbonization delaying layer 5 made of high density wood are arranged in this order. It is.
The structure has been realized that is hard to damage the wooden load support when damaged by a fire, so it can be sufficiently used as a frame material such as beams and columns.
The present invention is a fire-resistant wood material in which three layers are coated on the outside of a load support portion, and is made of high density wood from the surface side or compressed high density wood (hereinafter high density wood). It is a laminated material in which a flame retardant laminated plate in which thin plates impregnated with a flame retardant agent are laminated is disposed on the surface layer and the inner side thereof, and a carbonization preventing layer is further provided, and load supporting wood is disposed in the center.
A wood-based material that can be used for construction as a structural material by selecting and combining wood-based materials as the material to be coated on the surface side so that the load-supporting wood in the central part is not damaged by fire heat. Is a realization of fireproof laminated lumber.

木材は、可燃物であって、その燃焼は次のように一般的に説明されている
木材は、一般的に、180℃前後から可燃性ガスを放出し始め、口火があれば引火し、260℃以上になると引火した後は口火がなくなっても燃え続ける(着火)とされている。この260℃が出火危険温度とされており、さらに、450℃を超えると口火なしでも発火するとされている。木材の燃焼は、燃焼時に燃え焦げて、表面に断熱効果のある炭化層が生じ、酸素の供給を妨げるため、内部の燃焼が遅延される。一般的な燃焼速度は0.6mm/分程度とされている(朝倉書店「建築材料」2009.4.20出版、65頁参照)。
木質耐火構造部材は、加熱終了後に荷重支持部を炭化させずに燃え止まる必要がある。荷重支持部の炭化を防ぐには、目的とする耐火時間に応じて耐火被覆層の厚みが必要になり断面が大きくなる。被覆層の厚みを薄くする方法のひとつに木材に難燃薬液を含浸させる方法があるが、一般的な集成材に用いられる挽き板や小角材に対して必要な薬剤量を均一に含浸させるには、特許文献4に示されるように、工夫と労力を要する。本発明は、荷重支持部材に被覆する層構成として、高密度木材層、難燃積層板層、炭化防止層を組み合わせて配置することによって、全体として被覆層を薄くするとともに、表面的には一般の木材と同様の仕上げが可能な構造材として使用可能な木質耐火構造部材である。
Wood is a flammable substance, the combustion of which is generally described as follows: Wood generally begins to release a flammable gas from around 180 ° C., and is ignited if there is a spark, 260 If the temperature rises above ° C, it will continue to burn (ignite) even after the fire has run out after it has ignited. The temperature of 260 ° C. is regarded as the fire risk temperature, and further, when the temperature exceeds 450 ° C., it is considered that the fire may occur without any flame. The burning of wood burns during burning, resulting in a carbonized layer with adiabatic effect on the surface, which impedes the supply of oxygen, thus delaying internal combustion. A general burning rate is about 0.6 mm / min (see Asakura Shoten “Building Materials” 2009.4.20 publication, page 65).
The wood fireproof structural member needs to burn off without carbonizing the load support after heating is completed. In order to prevent carbonization of the load support portion, the thickness of the fireproof coating layer is required according to the target fire resistance time, and the cross section becomes large. One method to reduce the thickness of the coating layer is to impregnate wood with a flame retardant chemical solution, but to uniformly impregnate the necessary amount of chemical into the lumber and small square wood used for general laminated wood. As described in Patent Document 4, it takes ingenuity and labor. In the present invention, as a layer configuration for covering a load supporting member, a high density wood layer, a flame retardant laminate layer, and a carbonization preventing layer are combined and arranged to thin the covering layer as a whole and to be general on the surface. Wood fireproof structural member that can be used as a structural material that can be finished like wood.

1.木製荷重支持部
木製荷重支持部は、建物の梁材や柱材として強度を負担する部分であって、木質集成材や一本の木材で構成される。一本の角柱材は、原木ごとのばらつきがあるので、一定の強度に揃えるには木質集成材が適している。木質集成材は、太さと長さも設計できる。
1. Wooden Load Support Unit The wooden load support unit is a part that bears strength as a beam or pillar of a building, and is made of wood laminated timber or a single piece of wood. Since a single prismatic wood has variations from wood to wood, lumber laminated wood is suitable for uniform strength. Wood laminated timber can also be designed in thickness and length.

2.炭化防止層
炭化防止層は、荷重支持部材と難燃積層板層との間にあって、耐熱性能を有する層である。難燃積層材層が高温になっても炎が荷重支持部の木材に直接触れないように遮断する。
炭化防止層を構成する材料は耐熱性が150℃以上の被膜を構成できる物質である。炭化防止層の材料の分解温度は150℃〜300℃以上である物質とする。
難燃積層板は薬剤が厚み方向に均一に分布し、表面を平滑化した場合にも単位体積あたりの薬剤量が変化しない。
炭化防止層は、荷重支持部材が燃焼するために必要な酸素を遮断し、炭化防止層が融点を超えた場合に荷重支持部材の温度も下げる傾向に働くので荷重支持部材の炭化を防止する働きがある。炭化防止層は木材で被覆をするよりも厚みを要さないので、被覆厚を従来よりも薄くすることができる。
2. Anti-Carbing Layer The anti-carburizing layer is a layer having heat resistance, which is between the load support member and the flame retardant laminate layer. Even if the flame retardant laminated material layer becomes high temperature, it shuts off so that the flame does not directly touch the load support wood.
The material which comprises a carbonization prevention layer is a substance which can constitute a film whose heat resistance is 150 ° C or more. The decomposition temperature of the material of the anti-carburizing layer is a substance which is 150 ° C. to 300 ° C. or more.
In the flame retardant laminate, the drug is uniformly distributed in the thickness direction, and the amount of drug per unit volume does not change even when the surface is smoothed.
The carbonization preventing layer blocks oxygen necessary for the load supporting member to burn, and acts to lower the temperature of the load supporting member when the carbonization preventing layer exceeds the melting point, thereby preventing carbonization of the load supporting member. There is. The coating thickness can be thinner than in the prior art because the anti-carbonizing layer requires less thickness than coating with wood.

炭化防止層がないまたは不十分な場合は被覆厚が同じでも荷重支持部材の炭化は防止できないが、例えば、フェノール樹脂350g/m2以上を炭化防止層に設けた場合は荷重支持部材の炭化を防止可能である(図2)。
炭化防止層を形成する物質は、無機物あるいは高分子化合物を使用することができる。例えば、水ガラス、レゾルシノール樹脂、エポキシ樹脂、フェノール樹脂、メラミン樹脂、ユリア樹脂、シリコーン樹脂などである。これらは、単独又は組み合わせて使用することができる。
炭化防止層は、融点が150℃以上の合成樹脂性接着剤が適している。エポキシ樹脂、レゾルシノール樹脂等を荷重支持部材の周囲に設ける。塗布量は350g/m2以上とする。荷重支持部材を構成する集成材が燃焼するための酸素を遮断し、炭化を防止する。
If the carbonization prevention layer is absent or insufficient, carbonization of the load support member can not be prevented even if the coating thickness is the same, but if, for example, 350 g / m 2 or more of phenol resin is provided in the carbonization prevention layer, It can be prevented (Figure 2).
As the substance forming the anti-carburizing layer, an inorganic substance or a polymer compound can be used. For example, water glass, resorcinol resin, epoxy resin, phenol resin, melamine resin, urea resin, silicone resin and the like. These can be used alone or in combination.
As the anti-carbonization layer, a synthetic resin adhesive having a melting point of 150 ° C. or higher is suitable. An epoxy resin, resorcinol resin, etc. are provided around the load supporting member. The application amount is 350 g / m 2 or more. The laminated material constituting the load support member blocks oxygen for combustion and prevents carbonization.

3.難燃積層板層
難燃化積層板層は、難燃薬剤を含浸させた薄板を積層・接着した層である。スギやヒノキなどは比重が0.5以下であって、空隙が沢山ある材であるが、内部に薬剤を含浸することは難しく、突刺処理などの前処理を施す方法が提案されているが、均一に薬剤を含浸させることは困難であり、品質管理上問題がある。
積層・接着する前の薄い板材に対して、難燃剤を加圧含浸することにより、十分な量を均一に含浸することができ、これを積層することによって、十分な厚さを持った層を形成することができる。
使用する難燃薬剤は、リン系防火薬剤、窒素系防火薬剤、ホウ素系防火薬剤、ハロゲン系防火薬剤を使用することができ、100kg/m3以上の薬剤を含浸させる。
3. Flame-retardant laminated board layer A flame-retardant laminated board layer is a layer formed by laminating and adhering thin plates impregnated with a flame-retardant agent. Sugi and Hinoki have a specific gravity of 0.5 or less and a lot of voids, but it is difficult to impregnate the drug inside, and it has been proposed that pretreatment such as piercing is performed. It is difficult to uniformly impregnate the drug, and there is a problem in quality control.
The thin plate material before laminating and bonding can be impregnated with a flame retardant uniformly by pressure impregnation, so that a sufficient amount can be uniformly impregnated, and by laminating this, a layer having a sufficient thickness can be obtained. It can be formed.
The flame retardant agent to be used may be a phosphorus based fire agent, a nitrogen based fire agent, a boron based fire agent, a halogen based fire agent, and is impregnated with a drug of 100 kg / m 3 or more.

難燃薬液処理した木材の層を積層板とすることで、立米あたりの難燃薬液含浸量を容易に約400kg/m3まで増やすことができる。必要な耐火性能に応じて各単板の難燃薬液含浸量を変えることも可能である。例えば、難燃薬液含浸処理用の薄板は3〜4mm程度の厚みを用いる。なお、厚みが10mmでは、十分な含浸が困難になる。難燃積層板は薄板に難燃薬剤を含浸させて、乾燥後接着する。薄板に含浸することで、ひき板に含浸させるよりも含浸量を増やすことが可能となり、表面を切削加工して平滑化した場合でも薬剤が均一に含浸されているため、安定した性能を確保することができる。
薬液を含浸させてから接着させるため、確保したい耐火性能により、含浸量の異なる薄板を積層することが可能である。薬液を必要最小限の量にすることが可能である。通常のラミナに薬剤を含浸させた場合は、薬剤を防火上有利な量の分布に調整することは難しい。
By using a layer of wood treated with a flame retardant chemical solution as a laminate, the amount of the flame retardant chemical solution impregnated per unit amount of rice can be easily increased to about 400 kg / m 3 . It is also possible to change the amount of flame retardant chemical solution impregnation of each veneer according to the required fire resistance performance. For example, a thin plate for flame retardant chemical solution impregnation treatment has a thickness of about 3 to 4 mm. When the thickness is 10 mm, sufficient impregnation becomes difficult. The flame retardant laminate is made by impregnating a thin plate with a flame retardant and bonding after drying. By impregnating into a thin plate, it is possible to increase the amount of impregnation rather than impregnating with a grinding plate, and even when the surface is cut and smoothed, the chemical is uniformly impregnated, ensuring stable performance. be able to.
In order to make it adhere, after impregnating a medical fluid, it is possible to laminate the thin plate from which the amount of impregnations differs by the fireproof performance to secure. It is possible to minimize the amount of chemical solution required. When ordinary lamina is impregnated with the drug, it is difficult to adjust the drug to the distribution of the fire-preventing amount.

4.高密度木材層(炭化遅延層)
炭化遅延層の木材密度を0.5g/cm3以上とする。難燃積層板層からの難燃薬剤の溶脱防止と炭化速度の遅延、傷の防止に効果がある。
高密度木材は、木材が高温に暴露された場合、炭化層を形成し、延焼抵抗が大きくなって、その内側が延焼することを防止する機能を果たす。重心部が炭化して劣化することを防止するので、本発明では、この層を炭化遅延層という。
この材の例としては、イペ、ウリン、ジャラなどの樹種が該当し、スギ材など低密度木材は、圧縮して密度を高める処理を施すことによって、十分な高密度を確保できる。
高密度木材層は、金属や無機材層を設けることなく耐火性を備えている。
4. High density wood layer (carbonization delay layer)
The wood density of the carbonization delay layer is 0.5 g / cm 3 or more. It is effective in preventing the leaching of the flame retardant agent from the flame retardant laminate layer, delaying the carbonization rate, and preventing scratches.
The high density wood functions to form a carbonized layer when the wood is exposed to a high temperature, to increase the fire spreading resistance and to prevent the fire from spreading inside. In the present invention, this layer is referred to as a carbonization delay layer because it prevents carbonization and deterioration of the center of gravity.
As an example of this material, tree species such as Ipe, Urin and Jala correspond, and low density wood such as cedar wood can secure sufficient high density by performing processing to compress and increase the density.
The high density wood layer has fire resistance without providing a metal or inorganic material layer.

実施例として、難燃LVLを用いた耐火集成材の例を図3に示す。
図3は、難燃LVL耐火集成材11の平面断面図である。この実施例は建物の柱を構成する部材であり、断面は正方形を呈している。なお、部材の断面は矩形でも円形でも良い。
本難燃LVL耐火集成材は、荷重を支持する荷重支持木材21とその周囲に炭化防止層31、難燃積層板41、炭化遅延層51を備えている。
荷重支持部木材21は、正方形断面でスギ構造用集成材を用いている。接続された梁等を支持することが可能な断面寸法を有している。
炭化防止層31は、通常の接着剤量は350g/cm2以下であるが、本発明では炭化防止層としてレゾルシノール樹脂接着剤を荷重支持木材と難燃積層板の間に通常の2倍以上の800g/m2塗布し、炭化防止層を形成する。
難燃積層板は、3mm程度のスギの薄板にリン酸・ホウ酸系の難燃薬剤を含浸させ積層したLVLである。薄板に難燃薬剤を含浸させることで厚み方向に均一に薬剤が含浸するため、安定した性能の被覆材とすることができる。
炭化遅延層51は、通常のスギ材の密度は0.4g/cm3前後であるが、これを圧縮加工により密度0.7g/cm3程度に高め、炭化遅延層とする。
As an example, an example of a fire-resistant laminated material using a flame retardant LVL is shown in FIG.
FIG. 3 is a plan sectional view of the flame retardant LVL refractory laminated material 11. This embodiment is a member constituting a pillar of a building, and has a square cross section. The cross section of the member may be rectangular or circular.
The present flame retardant LVL fireproof laminated wood comprises a load supporting wood 21 for supporting a load and a carbonization preventing layer 31, a flame retardant laminated board 41, and a carbonization delaying layer 51 around it.
The load-supporting part wood 21 uses laminated wood for cedar structure with a square cross section. It has a cross-sectional dimension capable of supporting a connected beam or the like.
The carbonization prevention layer 31 has a normal adhesive amount of 350 g / cm 2 or less, but in the present invention, resorcinol resin adhesive as a carbonization prevention layer is more than twice as large as usual 800 g / m between load-supporting wood and flame retardant laminate. Apply m 2 to form a carbonization prevention layer.
The flame retardant laminate is an LVL in which a thin plate of cedar of about 3 mm is impregnated with a phosphoric acid / boric acid flame retardant and laminated. By impregnating the thin plate with the flame retardant agent, the agent is uniformly impregnated in the thickness direction, and thus a coating material with stable performance can be obtained.
The carbonization delaying layer 51 has a density of about 0.4 g / cm 3 of ordinary cedar wood, but this is compressed to a density of about 0.7 g / cm 3 to form a carbonization delaying layer.

この実施例の耐火集成材と、炭化防止層を設けない比較集成材とを燃焼試験すると、荷重支持部の温度変化は図2に示すようになり、炭化防止層を設けることにより荷重支持部の温度の上昇を抑制することができる。
また、図4に示す試験例では、難燃薬剤の含浸量は、150kg/mでも、120分間(2時間)十分に木材の着火温度200℃以下にすることができ、さらに、多くすることにより、荷重支持部の温度上昇が抑制できる。この試験例では、400kg/m以上含浸させることにより、最高温度が木材の着火温度200℃以下に抑えられている。
When the fireproof laminated members of this embodiment and the comparative laminated members not provided with the anti-carbonizing layer are subjected to combustion test, the temperature change of the load support portion is as shown in FIG. The temperature rise can be suppressed.
Further, in the test example shown in FIG. 4, the impregnated amount of the flame retardant can be 150 kg / m 3 or more for 120 minutes (2 hours) enough to make the wood ignition temperature 200 ° C. or less, and further increased. Thus, the temperature rise of the load support portion can be suppressed. In this test example, the maximum temperature is suppressed to a light-off temperature of 200 ° C. or less of wood by impregnating at least 400 kg / m 3 .

[比較例1]
比較例1(図5)は、荷重支持部材121と燃え代層151を木材とし、その間に燃え止まり層131を形成した耐火集成材101である。
荷重支持部材121は、米松、ヒノキ、スギ、カラマツ等の集成材である。燃え代層151は、荷重支持部材と同様の樹種である。燃え止まり層131は、モルタル、石材、ガラス、繊維補強セメントなどの無機材料である。
この比較例1の耐火集成材101の構成では、燃え止まり層131で燃え止まらせるために燃え代層+燃え止まり層の厚みが必要である。燃え止まり層にモルタルなどを使用しているため、切断などの加工や製作が困難であり、一般的な木材加工が適用できない。また、木材とモルタルという異種材料の接合のため、界面剥離が生じやすい。
木材を燃え止まらせるためには燃え止まり層に十分な厚みが必要となり、比較例1では、燃え代層+燃え止まり層の厚みが60mm程度必要となる。
Comparative Example 1
Comparative Example 1 (FIG. 5) is a fire-resistant laminated material 101 in which the load supporting member 121 and the burn-through layer 151 are made of wood, and the burn-out layer 131 is formed therebetween.
The load support member 121 is a laminated wood such as rice pine, cypress, cedar, larch and the like. The burning margin layer 151 is a tree species similar to the load supporting member. The burnout layer 131 is an inorganic material such as mortar, stone, glass, fiber reinforced cement and the like.
In the configuration of the fire-resistant laminated material 101 of Comparative Example 1, the thickness of the burnout layer + the burnout layer is necessary in order to burn in the burnout layer 131. Since mortar etc. are used for the burnout layer, processing and production such as cutting are difficult, and general wood processing can not be applied. In addition, interface peeling is likely to occur due to the bonding of dissimilar materials such as wood and mortar.
In order to burn off the wood, a sufficient thickness is required for the burnout layer, and in Comparative Example 1, the thickness of the burnout layer + the burnout layer is required to be about 60 mm.

[比較例2]
比較例2(図6)の耐火集成材102は、無処理の集成材を荷重支持部122に使用し、その外周に難燃薬剤を含浸させた挽き板材からなる集成材142を配置し、その表面に通常の木材152を化粧用に貼着した集成材である。
燃え止まり層となる集成材142の難燃処理は、挽き板に穴をあけて薬液を注入するために手間がかかり、薬液の分布の管理も難しい。
表層となる木材152は、普通木であり、難燃処理層に用いられている薬剤が年月を経て溶脱して染みなどの汚染になる可能性がある。
燃え止まりのために、薬剤を注入した難燃処理層を用いているが、表層に薬剤が多くなり、均一な分布とならない。そのため、インサイジング処理で薬剤を注入し非常に製作が困難である。木材は製作の都合上、表面を削る必要があるため、所定の密度で薬剤を注入したい場合は無駄な薬液が発生する。
木材を燃え止まらせるためには燃え止まり層に十分な厚みが必要となる。比較例2では、難燃処理層の厚みを50〜75mm程度必要とする。
Comparative Example 2
In the fire-resistant laminated material 102 of Comparative Example 2 (FIG. 6), a non-treated laminated material is used for the load support portion 122, and the laminated material 142 made of a rolled plate impregnated with a flame retardant agent is disposed on the outer periphery thereof. It is a laminated wood in which a normal wood 152 is stuck for cosmetic use on the surface.
The flame-retardant treatment of the laminated wood 142, which becomes the burn-out layer, takes time and labor to inject a chemical solution by making a hole in a laminated plate, and it is difficult to control the distribution of the chemical solution.
The wood 152 to be the surface layer is an ordinary wood, and there is a possibility that the chemical used in the flame retardant treatment layer may leach out over the years and become contamination such as stains.
Although a flame retardant treatment layer injected with a drug is used to burn it off, the amount of the drug in the surface layer is large and the distribution is not uniform. Therefore, it is very difficult to manufacture by injecting the drug in the insizing process. Since it is necessary to scrape the surface of wood for the convenience of production, useless chemical solution is generated when it is desired to inject a drug at a predetermined density.
In order to burn off the wood, the burn-out layer needs to be thick enough. In Comparative Example 2, the thickness of the flame retardant layer is required to be about 50 to 75 mm.

1 耐火集成材
2 荷重支持部
3 炭化防止層
4 難燃積層板層
5 炭化遅延層
11 耐火集成材
21 荷重支持木材
31 炭化防止層
41 難燃積層板
51 炭化遅延層
101 耐火集成材
121 荷重支持部材
131 燃え止まり層
151 燃え代層
102 耐火集成材
122 荷重支持部
142 挽き板材からなる集成材
152 通常の木材
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 fire-resistant laminated wood 2 load support part 3 carbonization prevention layer 4 flame-retardant laminated board layer 5 carbonization delaying layer 11 fireproof laminated wood 21 load supporting wood 31 carbonization prevention layer 41 flame-retardant laminated board 51 carbonization retardation layer 101 fireproof laminated wood 121 load support Member 131 Burnout layer 151 Burnout layer 102 Fireproof glulam 122 Load support portion 142 Glued lumber consisting of firewood plate 152 Normal wood

Claims (4)

中央部に木製荷重支持部を配置し、その外周に炭化防止層、難燃積層板層、高密度木材層が順に配置されていることを特徴とする集成材。   A laminated timber characterized in that a wooden load support portion is disposed in the central portion, and a carbonization prevention layer, a flame retardant laminated board layer, and a high density wood layer are disposed in that order on the outer periphery thereof. 柱材又は梁材であることを特徴とする請求項1記載の集成材。   The laminated material according to claim 1, which is a column material or a beam material. 高密度木材層が、高密度樹種材又は圧縮木材で形成された層であって、
難燃積層板層が、難燃薬剤を含浸させた薄板が積層されて形成された層であって、
炭化防止層が、耐熱性が150℃以上である無機物および/又は高分子化合物であり、
これらが350g/m2以上塗布されて形成された層であることを特徴とする請求項1又は請求項2記載の集成材。
The high density wood layer is a layer formed of high density tree seed wood or compressed wood,
The flame retardant laminate layer is a layer formed by laminating thin plates impregnated with a flame retardant agent,
The carbonization prevention layer is an inorganic substance and / or a polymer compound having a heat resistance of 150 ° C. or higher,
Glulam claim 1 or claim 2, wherein the these is a layer formed by applying 350 g / m 2 or more.
耐火性の集成材であることを特徴とする請求項1〜3のいずれかに記載の集成材。
The laminated wood according to any one of claims 1 to 3, which is a fireproof laminated wood.
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