JP2019119625A - Windshield - Google Patents

Abstract

To provide a windshield capable of further improving transparent distortion.SOLUTION: The windshield is a windshield attached to a vehicle, has an outside glass sheet having a first surface facing outside of the vehicle, and a second surface facing inside of the vehicle, an inside glass sheet having a first surface facing outside of the vehicle, and a second surface facing inside of the vehicle and arranged so that the first surface and the second surface of the outside glass sheet face, an intermediate film sandwiched between the outside glass sheet and the inside glass sheet, and a film laminated on at least one of the first surface of the outside glass sheet and the second surface of the inside glass sheet, in which the outside glass sheet has a first edge and a second edge facing the first edge, and is formed with thickness thinning from the first edge to the second edge, the inside glass sheet formed by a flat plate having almost constant thickness, a stripe extending in a horizontal direction is formed on the outside glass sheet when attached to the vehicle, and a stripe orthogonal to the stripe of the outside glass sheet is formed on the inside glass sheet.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 13

Description

  The present invention relates to a windshield.

  The windshield in which the head-up display device is used is generally formed in a wedge shape in order to prevent double images. As described above, there are various methods for forming the windshield into a wedge shape. For example, Patent Document 1 discloses a windshield in which the thickness of the intermediate film and the inner glass plate is made constant and the outer glass plate is formed into a wedge shape. Is disclosed.

International Publication No. 2017/121559

  By the way, when a glass plate is manufactured by the float method of flowing molten glass on molten metal, streaks extending in the flow direction are formed on the surface of the glass plate, and the streaks form unevenness on the surface of the glass plate. Such asperities may cause distortion in the image viewed through the glass plate, and such distortion is called perspective distortion.

  In the float method, the surface in contact with the molten metal in the molten glass is referred to as the bottom surface, and the surface on the opposite side is referred to as the top surface, but streaks are formed on both the top and bottom surfaces. The pitch of all streaks is generally the same, but the streaks on the top surface are larger than the streaks on the bottom surface. That is, the unevenness due to the streaks on the top surface is larger than the bottom surface. Further, according to the float method, not only streaks but also irregularities called "unelli" are formed in the direction orthogonal to the streaks. However, the pitch of Unelli is larger than that of the streak.

  Here, in the wedge-shaped glass plate as described above, horizontal streaks are formed at the time of attachment to a vehicle. This is because the thickness changes in the direction orthogonal to the flow direction of the molten glass by the float method. However, if horizontal streaks are formed on the glass plate, the perspective distortion becomes large at the time of attachment to a vehicle. This is because the glass plate is attached in an inclined manner, so that the pitch of the streaks is apparently narrowed when viewed from the horizontal direction. On the other hand, in order to reduce such a perspective distortion, for example, by aligning the direction of the streaks of both glass plates and adjusting the phase of the streaks, the car outer surface of the outer glass plate and the inner glass plate There is a way to make the inside of the car approximately parallel. Alternatively, there is a method of reducing the unevenness due to the streaks by making the directions of the streaks of both glass plates orthogonal.

  Here, if the outer glass plate and the inner glass plate are both flat plates, the pitch of the streaks is the same, so that the perspective distortion can be suppressed by matching the directions of the streaks as described above. However, in the case where the outer glass plate is wedge-shaped, the pitch of the inner glass plate is different from the pitch of the streaks, so it is not possible to adopt a method of matching the direction of the streaks. On the other hand, when the streaks of the two glass plates are made orthogonal to each other, the streaks of the two glass plates can not be matched with the pitch of the unelli. In other words, it is difficult to reduce the perspective distortion because the outer surface of the outer glass plate and the inner surface of the inner glass plate can not be made approximately parallel. The present invention has been made to solve this problem, and it is an object of the present invention to provide a windshield that can further improve perspective distortion.

Item 1. A windshield attached to the vehicle,
An outer glass plate having a first surface facing the vehicle exterior and a second surface facing the vehicle interior;
An inner glass plate having a first surface facing the outer side of the vehicle and a second surface facing the inner side of the vehicle, wherein the first surface and the second surface of the outer glass plate are opposed to each other;
An intermediate film sandwiched between the outer glass plate and the inner glass plate;
A film laminated on at least one of the first surface of the outer glass plate and the second surface of the inner glass plate;
Equipped with
The outer glass plate has a first end and a second end opposite to the first end, and the outer glass plate is formed to be thinner from the first end to the second end. ,
The inner glass plate is formed of a flat plate having a substantially constant thickness,
The outer glass plate is formed with horizontally extending streaks when attached to a vehicle,
A windshield, wherein the inner glass plate is formed with streaks perpendicular to the streaks of the outer glass plate.

Item 2. The windshield according to item 1, wherein the film is laminated on the second surface of the inner glass plate.

Item 3. The windshield according to item 1, wherein the film is laminated on the surface having the large unevenness in the first surface of the outer glass plate and the second surface of the inner glass plate.

Item 4. The windshield according to claim 1, wherein the film is laminated on both the first surface of the outer glass plate and the second surface of the inner glass plate.

Item 5. The outer glass plate and the inner glass plate have different concentrations of tin oxide in the first surface and the second surface, respectively.
The lower surface of the tin oxide in the outer glass plate constitutes the second surface,
The windshield according to any one of Items 1 to 4, wherein the surface of the inner glass plate having a low concentration of tin oxide constitutes the first surface.

Item 6. Item 6. The windshield according to item 5, wherein at least one of a shielding layer and an antenna is laminated on the second surface of the inner glass plate.

Item 7. The inner glass plates have different concentrations of tin oxide on the first surface and the second surface, respectively.
The surface with a low concentration of the tin oxide in the inner glass plate constitutes the second surface,
The windshield according to any one of Items 1 to 4, wherein the film is laminated on the second surface of the inner glass plate.

Item 8. The windshield according to any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein an imaging area for imaging the outside of a vehicle is formed by a camera, and at least the film is present in the imaging area.

Item 9. The windshield is formed in a rectangular shape having an upper side and a lower side,
Item 9. The windshield according to item 8, wherein the imaging region is formed near the upper side.

Item 10. 10. The windshield according to claim 9, wherein the film is an antifogging film.

Item 11. The film is any of an ultraviolet absorbing film, an infrared absorbing film, an antifogging film, a water repellent film, or a low reflection film,
7. The windshield according to any one of Items 1 to 6, wherein the film thickness of the film decreases toward the upper side.

Item 12. The windshield according to item 12, wherein the thickness of the upper side of the outer glass plate is 3 mm or less.

  In addition, the unevenness | corrugation by the said streak is formed in the surface of the said outer side glass plate and the inner side glass plate, The unevenness | corrugation formed by the said streak on the surface of the said film is the unevenness of the surface of the said glass plate by which the said film is laminated. It can be smaller than that.

  The windshield according to the present invention can further improve perspective distortion.

It is a front view showing one embodiment of a windshield concerning the present invention. It is the sectional view on the AA line of FIG. It is a figure explaining an example of the manufacturing method of a float glass board. It is sectional drawing explaining the cutting method of a glass plate. It is sectional drawing of a float glass plate. It is a front view explaining the streak of the windshield of FIG. It is sectional drawing of the windshield of FIG. It is a top view of the shaping | molding die of a glass plate. FIG. 9 is a side view of the furnace through which the mold of FIG. 8 passes. It is the schematic of an application apparatus. It is a figure explaining the flow coat method. It is the schematic of a head-up display apparatus. It is sectional drawing of the windshield by which the functional film was laminated | stacked.

<1. Outline of the windshield>
Hereinafter, an embodiment of a windshield of an automobile according to the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. The windshield according to the present embodiment is used to project light to be irradiated by the head-up display device and to display information.

  FIG. 1 is a front view of a windshield according to the present embodiment, and FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view taken along line A-A of FIG. As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the windshield according to the present embodiment includes an outer glass plate 1, an inner glass plate 2, and an intermediate film 3 disposed between the glass plates 1 and 2. ing. And the shielding layer 4 is laminated | stacked on this windshield. Each member will be described below.

<2. Outer glass plate and inner glass plate>
First, the outer glass plate 1 and the inner glass plate 2 will be described. The outer glass plate 1 and the inner glass plate 2 may be known glass plates, and may be formed of heat ray absorbing glass, general clear glass or green glass, or UV green glass. However, these glass plates 1 and 2 need to realize visible light transmittance in accordance with the safety standard of the country where the automobile is used. For example, the required solar radiation absorptivity can be secured by the outer glass plate 1, and the visible light transmittance can be adjusted by the inner glass plate 2 so that the safety standard is satisfied. Below, an example of a clear glass, a heat ray absorption glass, and a soda lime type glass is shown.

(Clear glass)
SiO ₂ : 70 to 73% by mass
Al ₂ O ₃ : 0.6 to 2.4 mass%
CaO: 7 to 12% by mass
MgO: 1.0 to 4.5 mass%
R ₂ O: 13 to 15% by mass (R is an alkali metal)
Fe total iron oxide in terms of _{2 O 3 (T-Fe 2} O 3): 0.08~0.14 wt%

(Heat absorbing glass)
The composition of the heat ray absorbing glass is, for example, a CeO ratio of 0.4 to 1.3 mass% of total iron oxide (T-Fe ₂ O ₃ ) converted to Fe ₂ O _{3 based} on the composition of the clear glass. ₂ ratio as 0-2 mass%, the proportion of TiO ₂ and 0 to 0.5 wt%, framework component of the glass (mainly, SiO ₂ and Al ₂ O ₃₎ to T-Fe ₂ O _3, CeO _The composition can be reduced by the increase of ₂ and TiO ₂ .

(Soda-lime glass)
SiO ₂ : 65 to 80% by mass
Al ₂ O ₃ : 0 to 5% by mass
CaO: 5 to 15% by mass
MgO: 2% by mass or more NaO: 10 to 18% by mass
K ₂ O: 0 to 5% by mass
MgO + CaO: 5 to 15% by mass
_{Na 2 O + K 2 O:} 10~20 wt%
SO ₃ : 0.05 to 0.3% by mass
B ₂ O ₃ : 0 to 5% by mass
Fe total iron oxide in terms of _{2 O 3 (T-Fe 2} O 3): 0.02~0.03 wt%

  The outer glass plate 1 is formed in a trapezoidal shape, and has an upper side 11, a lower side 12, a right side 13 and a left side 14. Further, the outer glass plate has a first surface 101 facing the vehicle outer side and a second surface 102 facing the vehicle inner side, and has an end surface connecting the first surface and the second surface. Further, the outer glass plate 1 is formed in a wedge shape whose thickness decreases as it goes from the upper side 11 to the lower side 12. Similarly, the inner glass plate 2 is formed in a trapezoidal shape, and has an upper side 21, a lower side 22, a right side 23 and a left side 24. Further, the inner glass plate also has a first surface 201 facing the vehicle outer side and a second surface 202 facing the vehicle inner side, and has an end face connecting the first surface 201 and the second surface 202. Unlike the outer glass plate 1, the inner glass plate 2 is formed of a flat plate having a constant thickness.

  The intermediate film 3 described above is disposed between the second surface 102 of the outer glass plate 1 and the first surface 201 of the inner glass plate 2.

  The thickness of the windshield according to the present embodiment is not particularly limited, but from the viewpoint of weight reduction, the total thickness of the outer glass plate 1 and the inner glass plate 2 is preferably 2.4 to 5.0 mm. It is more preferable to set it as 2.6 to 4.6 mm, and it is especially preferable to set it as 2.7 to 3.2 mm. Thus, in order to reduce the weight, it is necessary to reduce the total thickness of the outer glass plate 1 and the inner glass plate 2, so that the respective thicknesses of the respective glass plates 1 and 2 are particularly limited. Although not, for example, the thicknesses of the outer glass plate 1 and the inner glass plate 2 can be determined as follows. In addition, the thickness of the glass plates 1 and 2 can be measured by a micrometer.

  The outer glass plate 1 is mainly required to be resistant to external obstacles, to have impact resistance, and to have impact resistance to flying objects such as pebbles. On the other hand, the larger the thickness is, the more the weight increases. From this viewpoint, the thickness of the outer glass plate 1 is preferably 1.8 to 2.3 mm, and more preferably 1.9 to 2.1 mm. Which thickness is adopted can be determined according to the application of the glass. However, since the upper side 11 is thicker than the lower side 12, for example, the thickness of the upper side 11 is 2.5 to 5.0 mm, the thickness of the lower side 12 is 2.6 to 6.7 mm, and the thicknesses of the upper side 11 and the lower side 12 A difference can be made into 0.1-1.7 mm.

  Although the thickness of the inner side glass plate 2 can be made equivalent to the outer side glass plate 1, for example, thickness can be made smaller than the outer side glass plate 1 for weight reduction of a windshield. Specifically, in consideration of the strength of the glass, it is preferably 0.6 to 2.3 mm, preferably 0.8 to 2.0 mm, and particularly preferably 1.0 to 1.4 mm. preferable. Furthermore, it is preferable that it is 0.8-1.3 mm. Also about the inner side glass plate 2, it can be determined according to the use of glass which thickness is employ | adopted.

  Moreover, the shape of the outer side glass plate 1 which concerns on this embodiment, and the inner side glass plate 2 is a curved shape. In the case where the windshield has a curved shape, the sound insulation performance is considered to decrease as the amount of debris increases. The dust amount is an amount indicating the bending of the windshield. For example, when a straight line connecting the center of the upper side and the center of the lower side of the windshield is set, the largest of the distances between the straight line and the windshield is used. Define as the amount of dust.

  Here, an example of a method of measuring the thickness of the windshield 1 will be described. First, the measurement positions are at the upper and lower two places on the center line extending in the vertical direction at the center in the left-right direction of the windshield. Although a measuring instrument in particular is not limited, For example, thickness gauge like SM-112 made by Teclock Co., Ltd. can be used. At the time of measurement, the curved surface of the windshield is placed on a flat surface, and the edge of the windshield is held and measured by the thickness gauge.

<3. Method of manufacturing outer glass plate and inner glass plate>
Next, an example of the manufacturing method of the outer side glass plate 1 and the inner side glass plate 2 is demonstrated, referring FIG. As an example, the outer glass plate 1 and the inner glass plate 2 can be float glass plates manufactured by the float method.

  FIG. 3 is a view showing a method of manufacturing a float glass plate. In FIG. 3, the direction perpendicular to the sheet is the flow direction of the molten glass 55, and the lateral direction is the width direction of the molten glass 55. In FIG. 4, the change in thickness of the molten glass 55 is exaggerated.

  In the float method, the molten glass 55 is continuously supplied on the molten metal 54 such as molten tin, and the supplied molten glass 55 is formed into a strip shape by flowing on the molten metal 54. The glass thus formed is referred to as a glass ribbon 55.

  Then, in order to suppress the contraction of the glass ribbon 55 in the width direction, both ends in the width direction of the glass ribbon 55 are respectively pressed by the pair of rollers 56. A plurality of the pair of rollers 56 are provided at intervals in the flow direction of the glass ribbon 55. The glass ribbon 55 is moved to the downstream side by the rotation of the plurality of pairs of rollers 16.

  The glass ribbon 55 is cooled toward the downstream side, cooled and solidified, and then pulled up from the molten metal 54. And after being annealed, it is cut off. Thus, a float glass plate is obtained. Here, in the float glass plate, the surface in contact with the molten metal 54 is referred to as a bottom surface, and the opposite surface is referred to as a top surface. The bottom and top surfaces may be unpolished. Since the bottom surface was in contact with the molten metal 54, when the molten metal 54 is tin, the concentration of tin oxide contained in the bottom surface is larger than the concentration of tin oxide contained in the top surface. Become.

  In FIG. 3, when the pair of rollers 56 pulls the glass ribbon 55 in the width direction, the thickness of the glass ribbon 55 increases from the both ends in the width direction toward the center. When the glass ribbon 55 thus formed is solidified and then cut, the outer glass plate 1 is obtained. At this time, there are two ways of cutting out the outer glass plate, as shown in FIG. First, as shown in the right side of FIG. 4, the glass ribbon 55 is cut such that the cut surfaces K1 and K2 extend in the vertical direction. The cut surfaces K1 and K2 extend in parallel, and in the outer glass plate 1A thus obtained, the cut surfaces K1 and K2 are orthogonal to the bottom surface. In another method, as shown on the left side of FIG. 4, the glass ribbon 55 is cut so as to form cut surfaces K3 and K4 perpendicular to the top surface. The cut surfaces K3 and K4 extend in parallel, and in the outer glass plate 1B thus obtained, the cut surfaces K3 and K4 are orthogonal to the top surface. Which cutting method is used depends on the required performance of the windseed obtained as described later. In any case, the outer glass plate 1 is cut out such that the thickness of the upper side 11 is large and the thickness of the lower side 12 is small.

  On the other hand, the inner glass plate 2 is also formed by the float method in the same manner as the outer glass plate 1, but the thickness of the inner glass plate 2 is formed substantially constant using a known method.

  Further, since the glass ribbon 55 flows on the molten metal 54, a plurality of streaks extending in the flow direction are formed on the surface thereof. And this streak is also formed on the surface of the cooled float glass plate. And as shown in FIG. 5, the wavelike unevenness is formed in the direction of the streaks on the surface of the inner glass plate 2 by the streaks. 5 is a cross section similar to FIG. 3 and shows a cross section orthogonal to the flow direction of the glass sheet. Similar irregularities are also formed on the outer glass plate 1. However, in each of the glass plates 1 and 2, the unevenness of the bottom surface in contact with the molten metal 54 is smaller than the unevenness of the top surface. Here, that the unevenness is small means that the difference between the deepest portion and the uppermost portion of the unevenness is small. Further, on the surface of the glass plate formed by the float method, in addition to the above-described streaks, unellis extending in a direction orthogonal to this are also formed. The unellis has a pitch greater than that of the streaks, and the size is smaller than the unevenness of the streaks.

  And in this embodiment, as shown in FIG. 6, the streaks of the outer side glass plate 1 and the streaks of the inner side glass plate 2 are made to be orthogonal. That is, the streaks 150 of the outer glass plate 1 extend parallel to the upper side 11 and the lower side 12 by the above-described method. On the other hand, the thickness of the inner glass plate 2 is constant, and the direction of the streaks can be adjusted, so that the streaks 250 are cut out from the glass ribbon so that the streaks 250 extend from the upper side 21 to the lower side 22. Thus, as described later, a windshield in which the streaks 150 of the outer glass plate 1 and the streaks 250 of the inner glass plate 2 are orthogonal to each other is formed so as to reduce perspective distortion.

  Further, in the windshield according to the present embodiment, as shown in FIG. 7, both the second surface 102 of the outer glass plate 1 and the first surface 201 of the inner glass plate 2 are top surfaces. As a result, the unevenness of the first surface 101 of the outer glass plate 1 and the second surface 202 of the inner glass plate 2, that is, the surface of the windshield facing the outside is reduced. In the windshield shown in FIG. 7, the right side is the upper side and the left side is the lower side. That is, the extending direction of the streaks in the outer glass plate 1 is the horizontal direction at the time of attachment. Since the windshield is attached at an angle, the apparent pitch of the streaks becomes narrow when the windshield is viewed from the horizontal direction. Thereby, the perspective distortion generally increases.

  In the manufacture of the outer glass plate 1, if the molding conditions are adjusted, the thickness may be increased from the both ends in the width direction toward the central part, or from one end to the other end in the width direction. It is also possible to increase the thickness as much as possible. The thickness of such a glass ribbon 55 can be adjusted by the circumferential speed of the roller 56 in addition to the tension by the roller 56.

<4. Intermediate film>
The intermediate film 3 has a substantially constant thickness and is formed of at least one layer. As an example, as shown to the enlarged view of FIG. 2, the soft core layer 31 can be comprised by three layers pinched | interposed by the harder outer layer 32 than this. However, the invention is not limited to this configuration, and it may be formed of a plurality of layers including the core layer 31 and at least one outer layer 32 disposed on the outer glass plate 1 side. For example, a two-layer intermediate film 3 including a core layer 31 and one outer layer 32 disposed on the outer glass plate 1 side, or two or more even outer layers 32 on both sides centering on the core layer 31 Alternatively, the intermediate film 3 may be an intermediate film 3 in which an odd number of outer layers 32 are disposed on one side of the core layer 31 and an even number of outer layers 32 are disposed on the other side. When only one outer layer 32 is provided, it is provided on the side of the outer glass plate 1 as described above, in order to improve the damage resistance against external force from the outside of the vehicle or the outside. In addition, when the number of outer layers 32 is large, the sound insulation performance also increases.

  The hardness is not particularly limited as long as the core layer 31 is softer than the outer layer 32. Although the material which comprises each layer 31 and 32 is not specifically limited, For example, the outer layer 32 can be comprised, for example with polyvinyl butyral resin (PVB). The polyvinyl butyral resin is preferable because it is excellent in adhesion to each glass plate and penetration resistance. On the other hand, the core layer 31 can be made of, for example, an ethylene vinyl acetate resin (EVA) or a polyvinyl acetal resin that is softer than the polyvinyl butyral resin that constitutes the outer layer. By sandwiching the soft core layer, the sound insulation performance can be greatly improved while maintaining the same adhesiveness and penetration resistance as the single layer resin intermediate film.

  Generally, the hardness of the polyvinyl acetal resin is controlled by (a) degree of polymerization of polyvinyl alcohol which is the starting material, (b) degree of acetalization, (c) kind of plasticizer, (d) addition ratio of plasticizer, etc. Can. Therefore, even if it is the same polyvinyl butyral resin by adjusting at least one suitably chosen from those conditions, hard polyvinyl butyral resin used for outer layer 32, soft polyvinyl butyral resin used for core layer 31 It is possible to make different. Furthermore, the hardness of the polyvinyl acetal resin can be controlled also by the type of aldehyde used for acetalization, co-acetalization with a plurality of aldehydes, or pure acetalization with a single aldehyde. Although it can not generally be said, the polyvinyl acetal resin obtained using an aldehyde having a large number of carbons tends to be softer. Therefore, for example, when the outer layer 32 is made of a polyvinyl butyral resin, the core layer 31 contains an aldehyde having 5 or more carbon atoms (for example, n-hexyl aldehyde, 2-ethylbutyraldehyde, n-heptyl aldehyde, A polyvinyl acetal resin obtained by acetalizing n-octyl aldehyde) with polyvinyl alcohol can be used. In addition, when predetermined Young's modulus is obtained, it may be limited to the said resin etc.

  The total thickness of the interlayer 3 is not particularly limited, but is preferably 0.3 to 6.0 mm, more preferably 0.5 to 4.0 mm, and 0.6 to 2.0 mm. Being particularly preferred. The thickness of the core layer 31 is preferably 0.1 to 2.0 mm, and more preferably 0.1 to 0.6 mm. On the other hand, the thickness of each outer layer 32 is preferably 0.1 to 2.0 mm, and more preferably 0.1 to 1.0 mm. In addition, the total thickness of the intermediate film 3 can be made constant, and the thickness of the core layer 31 can be adjusted in this.

  The thicknesses of the core layer 31 and the outer layer 32 can be measured, for example, as follows. First, the cross section of the windshield is enlarged 175 times and displayed by a microscope (for example, Keyence VH-5500). And thickness of core layer 31 and outer layer 32 is specified by visual observation, and this is measured. At this time, in order to eliminate variations due to visual observation, the number of measurements is made five times, and the average value thereof is made the thickness of the core layer 31 and the outer layer 32.

  The total thickness of the interlayer 3 is not particularly limited, but is preferably 0.3 to 6.0 mm, more preferably 0.5 to 4.0 mm, and 0.6 to 2.0 mm. Being particularly preferred. The thickness of the core layer 31 is preferably 0.1 to 2.0 mm, and more preferably 0.1 to 0.6 mm. On the other hand, the thickness of each outer layer 32 is preferably larger than the thickness of the core layer 31, and specifically, preferably 0.1 to 2.0 mm, and 0.1 to 1.0 mm. Is more preferred. In addition, the total thickness of the intermediate film 3 can be made constant, and the thickness of the core layer 31 can be adjusted in this.

  The thicknesses of the core layer 31 and the outer layer 32 can be measured, for example, as follows. First, the cross section of the windshield is enlarged 175 times and displayed by a microscope (for example, Keyence VH-5500). And thickness of core layer 31 and outer layer 32 is specified by visual observation, and this is measured. At this time, in order to eliminate variations due to visual observation, the number of measurements is made five times, and the average value thereof is made the thickness of the core layer 31 and the outer layer 32. For example, a magnified image of the windshield is taken, and the core layer and the outer layer 32 are specified in this to measure the thickness.

  Although the manufacturing method in particular of intermediate film 3 is not limited, for example, after mixing resin components, such as polyvinyl acetal resin mentioned above, a plasticizer, and other additives if needed and kneading it uniformly, each layer is put together The extrusion molding method, and the method of laminating two or more resin films prepared by this method by a pressing method, a laminating method or the like. The resin film before lamination used in the method of laminating by the pressing method, laminating method or the like may have a single layer structure or a multilayer structure. Further, the intermediate film 3 can be formed in one layer in addition to the formation of the plurality of layers as described above.

<5. Shielding layer>
As shown in FIG. 1, a shielding layer 4 is laminated on a dark ceramic such as black on the periphery of the windshield. The shielding layer 4 shields the view from inside or outside the vehicle, and the peripheral portion 41 laminated along the four sides of the glass plates 1 and 2 and the vicinity of the center of the upper sides 11 and 12 in the peripheral portion 41 And an extending portion 42 extending downward from the In the extension portion 42, a window (photographing area) 43 for photographing the outside of the vehicle by a camera disposed in the car is formed. That is, the shielding layer is not stacked on the extending portion 43. In the present embodiment, the shielding layer 4 is laminated on the second surface 202 of the inner glass plate 2.

Moreover, although the shielding layer 4 can be formed with various materials, such as a ceramic, it can be set as the following compositions, for example.
* 1, main component: copper oxide, chromium oxide, iron oxide and manganese oxide * 2, main component: bismuth borosilicate, zinc borosilicate

  The ceramic can be formed by screen printing, but it can also be produced by transferring a baking transfer film onto a glass plate and baking it. When screen printing is employed, for example, polyester screen: 355 mesh, coat thickness: 20 μm, tension: 20 Nm, squeegee hardness: 80 degrees, mounting angle: 75 °, printing speed: 300 mm / s, drying furnace Drying at 150 ° C. for 10 minutes can form a ceramic.

  The ceramic is likely to be in close contact with the bottom surface of the glass ribbon 55 described above. This is because the concentration of tin oxide at the bottom surface is high. Accordingly, when the shielding layer 4 is formed of ceramic, it is preferable to form it on the bottom surface.

<6. Windshield manufacturing method>
Next, a method of manufacturing the windshield will be described. First, the manufacturing line of a glass plate is demonstrated.

  The mold will now be described in more detail with reference to FIG. FIG. 8 is a plan view of the mold. As shown in FIG. 8, the forming die 800 includes a frame-like die main body 810 that substantially matches the outer shape of both the glass plates 1 and 2. Since the mold body 810 is formed in a frame shape, it has an internal space 820 penetrating in the vertical direction inside. Then, the peripheral edge portions of the flat glass plates 1 and 2 are placed on the upper surface of the mold body 810. Therefore, heat is applied to the glass plates 1 and 2 from the heater (not shown) disposed on the lower side through the internal space. As a result, both the glass plates 1 and 2 are softened by heating and curved downward by their own weight. In addition, the shielding board 840 for shielding heat may be arrange | positioned to the inner periphery of the type | mold main body 810, and the heat which the glass plates 1 and 2 receive can be adjusted by this. Also, the heater can be provided not only below the forming die 800 but also above it.

  Next, the molding method will be described with reference to FIG. FIG. 9 is a side view of the furnace through which the mold passes. First, the shielding layer 4 described above is laminated on the outer glass plate 1 and the inner glass plate 2 before bending. Next, the outer glass plate 1 and the inner glass plate 2 are stacked and, while being supported by the mold 800, pass through the heating furnace 802 as shown in FIG. When heated to near the softening point temperature in the heating furnace 802, both the glass plates 1 and 2 are curved downward inside by the own weight than the peripheral portion and are formed into a curved surface. Subsequently, both the glass plates 1 and 2 are carried from the heating furnace 802 to the annealing furnace 803, and annealing is performed. Thereafter, both glass plates 1 and 2 are carried out of the annealing furnace 803 to the outside and allowed to cool. In addition, the curved glass plate can also be manufactured by methods other than this, for example, press processing.

  Thus, when the outer glass plate 1 and the inner glass plate 2 are formed, the intermediate film 3 is subsequently sandwiched between the outer glass plate 1 and the inner glass plate 2. The intermediate film 3 has a slightly larger shape than the outer glass plate 1 and the inner glass plate 2. Thus, the outer edge of the intermediate layer 3 is in a state of protruding from the outer glass plate 1 and the inner glass plate 2.

  Next, the laminated body in which both the glass plates 1 and 2 and the intermediate film 3 are laminated is put in a rubber bag and prebonded at about 70 to 110 ° C. while vacuum suction is performed. Other pre-adhesion methods are possible, and the following method may be adopted. For example, the laminate is heated at 45 to 65 ° C. in an oven. Next, this laminate is pressed by a roll at 0.45 to 0.55 MPa. Then, after heating this laminated body again at 80-105 degreeC by oven, it presses with a roll again at 0.45-0.55 MPa. Thus, pre-adhesion is completed.

  Next, main bonding is performed. The pre-bonded laminate is subjected to main bonding by an autoclave at, for example, 8 to 15 atm at 100 to 150 ° C. Specifically, for example, the main adhesion can be performed under the conditions of 14 ° C. and 135 ° C. The intermediate film 3 is adhered to the glass plates 1 and 2 through the above-described pre-adhesion and main adhesion. Next, the intermediate film 3 protruding from the outer glass plate 1 and the inner glass plate 2 is cut.

  Subsequently, functional films are formed on the inner side and the outer side of the windshield. The functional film is a film to which a functional material is added to impart a predetermined function to a glass plate. As the functional film, for example, an ultraviolet absorbing film, an infrared (IR) absorbing film, an antifogging film, a water repellent film, an antifouling film, a low reflection film, an electromagnetic shielding film, or a colored film can be used.

  Hereinafter, a film forming method using a flow coating method will be described as an example, with reference to FIGS. 10 and 11. The method of applying the functional film to both sides is the same, so only the method of applying to one side will be described below. First, a coating apparatus for applying a functional film coating solution (hereinafter referred to as a functional solution) will be described with reference to FIG. FIG. 10 is a side view showing an outline of the coating apparatus.

  As shown in FIG. 10, the coating device 6 includes an ejection unit 61 that ejects a functional liquid, a robot arm 62 that moves the support unit 61 while supporting the ejection unit 61, and a blower unit (not shown) that blows air to the windshield 100. And have.

  The ejection unit 61 includes a nozzle 611 facing the direction of the windshield 100, and a base 612 supporting the nozzle 611. The base 612 is provided with a tube member 64 formed of rubber or the like for supplying a functional liquid. It is connected. The tube member 64 supplies the functional liquid delivered from a pump (not shown) or the like for delivering the functional liquid to the ejection unit 61. The nozzle 611 and the tube member 64 communicate with each other through the base portion 612, and the functional liquid supplied by the tube member 64 is ejected from the nozzle 611.

  The robot arm 62 supports the ejection unit 61 and can move three-dimensionally in the vertical and horizontal directions. Further, the blower unit is, for example, a unit configured by one or more fans to blow the portion to which the functional liquid is discharged.

  Next, a method of applying the functional liquid by the applying device 6 will be described with reference to FIG. First, the windshield 100 to which the functional liquid is to be applied is placed, for example, in an upright state, and the inner surface of the vehicle on which the functional liquid is to be applied is disposed toward the nozzle 611. Then, the functional liquid jetted from the nozzle 611 is applied so as to follow the trajectory as shown in FIG.

  First, the robot arm 62 is driven to move the nozzle 611 of the ejection unit 61 to a position where the functional liquid strikes the lower right corner A when the functional liquid is ejected. Then, after the functional liquid is jetted from the nozzle 611 to the lower right corner A, the nozzle 611 is moved upward, and the functional liquid is applied along the right side 13 (23). Then, when the application position reaches the upper right corner B, the functional liquid is applied along the upper side 11 (21) while moving the nozzle 611 to the left. At this time, the functional fluid ejected along the upper side 11 (21) flows downward, whereby the functional fluid is applied to the surface of the windshield. Therefore, the functional fluid can be circulated around the portion where the functional fluid is not directly ejected.

  Then, when the nozzle 611 reaches the upper left corner C, the nozzle 611 is moved downward, and the functional liquid is applied along the left side 14 (24). Thus, when the application position of the functional liquid reaches the lower left corner D, the ejection of the functional liquid from the nozzle 611 is stopped. Even when the functional liquid is applied along the right side 13 (23) and the left side 14 (24), the functional liquid flows downward and the application area spreads. In addition, when applying such a functional liquid, air is blown to the windshield by the blower unit to dry the functional liquid. Thus, the functional film is formed on the inner surface of the windshield. A windshield is completed by the above process.

  When the flow coating method is used, since the functional film flows downward, the film thickness increases from the upper side 11 to the lower side 12 on the surface of the glass plate. On the other hand, depending on the type of the functional film, it may be preferable to make the upper side 11 thicker, so in order to obtain such a film thickness distribution, the windshield was supported so that the lower side 12 would face upward. In the state, the functional film can be applied by the flow coating method.

<7. Head-up display device>
Next, the head-up display device will be described. A head-up display device (referred to as a HUD device) projects information such as the vehicle speed on a windshield. However, it is known that with this HUD device, a double image is formed by the light projected onto the windshield. That is, since the image visually recognized by reflecting on the inner surface of the windshield and the image visually recognized by reflecting on the outer surface of the windshield are separately viewed, the images are doubled.

  In order to prevent this, the outer glass plate 1 as in this embodiment uses a wedge-shaped windshield. That is, as shown in FIG. 12, in the windshield, at least in the display area where the light is projected from the HUD device 500, the thickness is formed to be smaller as it goes downward. As a result, the light reflected by the inner surface of the windshield (the second surface 202 of the inner glass plate 2) enters the vehicle and the light is reflected by the outer surface of the windshield (the first surface 101 of the outer glass plate 1) Because the light incident on the light substantially matches, the double image is eliminated. The depression angle α of the windshield 1 at this time, that is, the angle between the first surface 101 and the second surface 101 of the outer glass plate 1 depends on the installation angle of the windshield 1, for example, 0.01 It can be made into -0.04 degree (0.2-0.7 mrad).

<8. Feature>
According to the windshield according to the present embodiment, the following effects can be obtained.
(1) As shown in FIG. 13, functional films 81 and 82 are applied to the surface 101 on the outer side and the surface 202 on the inner side of the windshield. The functional films 81 and 82, depending on the viscosity, are likely to enter the concavities and convexities formed on the surfaces of the glass plates 1 and 2 during coating. Thus, the film thickness of the functional films 81 and 82 applied to the concave portions of the glass plates 1 and 2 tends to be large, and the film thickness of the functional films 81 and 82 applied to the convex portions tends to be small. As a result, as shown in FIG. 13, the unevenness formed on the surfaces of the functional films 81 and 82 is smaller than the unevenness formed on the surfaces of the glass plates 1 and 2. Thereby, the perspective distortion can be reduced. In particular, a wedge-shaped glass plate such as the outer glass plate 1 tends to have greater unevenness than the flat inner glass plate 2. Therefore, it is particularly advantageous to apply the functional film 81 to such an outer glass plate 1. Further, as described above, since the windshield is attached obliquely, the pitch of the streaks of the streaks of the outer glass plate 1 extending in the horizontal direction at the time of mounting becomes small, and the perspective distortion becomes large. Therefore, applying a functional film to the outer surface of the outer glass plate is also significant from this point. However, FIG. 13 is a diagram in which the unevenness is exaggerated for the purpose of explanation.
As described above, by applying the functional film to the glass plates 1 and 2, there is an advantage that the unevenness due to the streaks and the swell can be alleviated and the perspective distortion can be suppressed.

(2) The window 43 formed in the shielding layer 4 is particularly required to suppress perspective distortion since imaging with a camera is performed, but when the functional film as described above is used, the window Asperities of 43 can be reduced, and accurate captured images can be obtained.

(3) The size of the unevenness (difference between the deepest part and the highest part) when the glass plate is produced by the float method should be calculated as the arithmetic average height Ra of the roughness curve specified in JIS B0601. For example, it is preferable that it is 0.5 micrometer or less. On the other hand, for example, when the functional film is constituted of a known UV cut film, the film thickness is 1 to 5 μm, but the size of the unevenness (average height Ra) is smaller than in the case where the functional film is not provided. And can be about 0.1 to 0.3 μm.

(4) The surface 101 on the outer side and the surface 202 on the inner side of the windshield according to the present embodiment are constituted by the bottom surface, and therefore, the unevenness is smaller than the top surface. Therefore, the unevenness of the functional films 81 and 82 stacked on these surfaces can also be reduced. As a result, perspective distortion can be further reduced.

(5) Since the window 43 on which the photographing by the camera is performed is disposed on the side of the upper side 11 (21) where the thickness of the glass plate is large, the window 43 can be prevented from fogging. That is, since the heat capacity is large when the thickness of the glass plate is large, temperature change hardly occurs, and fogging can be suppressed. Therefore, it is possible to prevent the shooting by the camera from being disturbed.

(6) For example, an ultraviolet absorbing film, an infrared absorbing film, or a low reflection film can be used as the functional film, but the ultraviolet absorbing function, the infrared absorbing function, and the low reflection function originally have a glass plate as well The greater the thickness, the stronger the function. Therefore, when forming a functional film as described above on the outer glass plate 1, the thickness of the functional film is thin so that the upper side 11 is thin and the lower side 12 is thick because the outer glass plate 1 has a large thickness on the upper side 11 side. You can also By doing so, it is possible to make a windshield having a function of complementing the function with a film where the thickness of the glass plate is thin and the function is weak. For example, the thickness on the upper side 11 can be 1.5 μm, and the thickness on the lower side 12 can be 3.0 μm. In particular, when the thickness of the glass plate 1 is 3.0 mm or less, the above-described function is reduced. Therefore, it is preferable to increase the film thickness of the functional film of the portion with a small thickness of the glass plate 1.

<9. Modified example>
As mentioned above, although one Embodiment of this invention was described, this invention is not limited to the said embodiment, A various change is possible unless it deviates from the meaning. And several modification shown below can be combined suitably.

<9-1>
In the above embodiment, the functional films 81 and 82 are applied to the outer surface 101 and the inner surface 202 of the windshield, but the present invention is not particularly limited. For example, only the surface 202 inside the car may be used. This is because although the application to the surface on the outside of the vehicle is significant as described above, the functional film is easily peeled off on the surface 101 on the outside of the vehicle. Alternatively, the functional film can be applied to the surface (top surface) of the outer glass plate 1 and the inner glass plate 2 where the unevenness is large.

<9-2>
As described above, when the bottom surface is the outer surface of the windshield, there is an advantage that the perspective distortion can be suppressed, but it is advantageous to laminate the shielding layer 4 of ceramic from the bottom surface. Therefore, depending on the application, it may be considered which surface is to be opposed. For example, the bottom surfaces can be arranged to face each other. Also, the top surface and the bottom surface can be arranged to face each other. In addition to the shielding layer 4, such a bottom surface is also suitable for laminating an antenna element made of, for example, copper or silver by printing or the like. With regard to silver, when provided on the bottom surface where the concentration of tin oxide is high, the color developability of tin and silver is high.

  Moreover, for example, when the top surface of the inner side glass plate 2 is arrange | positioned inside a vehicle, the unevenness | corrugation of the surface inside a vehicle can be reduced by providing a functional film. At this time, in the case where the functional film is an infrared cut film (infrared absorption film) or an ultraviolet absorption film, it is preferable to form on the top surface for the following reason.

  In general, since the bottom surface contains tin, the refractive index is higher than that of the top surface that does not substantially contain tin. For example, when the glass plate is soda lime silica glass, specifically, the refractive index of the top surface at a wavelength of 550 nm is 1.50 to 1.52, while the refractive index of the bottom surface at a wavelength of 550 nm is 1.53. ~ 1.55. For example, in the case of forming an infrared ray cut film (refractive index 1.48 to 1.52) on the surface of a glass plate, the difference in refractive index can be made smaller when formed on the top surface than in the case of being formed on the bottom surface. As a result, it is possible to prevent the reflection color of the surface of the glass plate on which the film is formed from changing with the angle to the glass plate. In addition, even if the angle to the glass plate is the same, if there is a film thickness difference in the film formed on the surface of the glass plate, there is a risk that the reflection color may change, but such a change in reflection color is also It can be prevented. As described above, when the functional film is formed on the top surface, it is possible to prevent appearance defects.

<9-3>
In the said embodiment, although the shielding layer 4 is provided in the 2nd surface 202 of the inner side glass plate 2, it is not limited to this. For example, various modes are possible such as only the second surface 102 of the outer glass plate 1 or the second surface 102 of the outer glass plate 1 and the second surface 202 of the inner glass plate 2.

<9-4>
In the said embodiment, although the outer side glass plate 1 is made into a wedge shape and the inner side glass plate 2 is made into the flat plate, this may be made reverse. The inner glass plate 2 can also be formed in a wedge shape as the outer glass plate 1 is. Alternatively, both the outer glass plate 1 and the inner glass plate 2 can be flat.

<9-5>
The shape of the shielding layer 4 is not particularly limited, and various shapes are possible. For example, only the peripheral portion 41 can be provided without providing the extension portion 42 and the window portion 43 as described above. In addition, according to a use, it can change suitably.

<9-6>
The method of applying the functional film is not particularly limited, and the functional film can also be applied by a method other than the flow coating method.

<9-7>
In the above embodiment, the functional film is applied to the entire surface of the glass plate, but it is not necessary to apply the functional film to the entire surface, and may be a part. For example, it is possible to apply only to the window part which performs photography with a camera.

<9-8>
The method of forming the outer glass plate 1 and the inner glass plate 2 in a wedge shape is not particularly limited, and methods other than those described above are also possible.

1 outer glass plate 2 inner glass plate 3 intermediate film

Claims (12)

A windshield attached to the vehicle,
An outer glass plate having a first surface facing the vehicle exterior and a second surface facing the vehicle interior;
An inner glass plate having a first surface facing the outer side of the vehicle and a second surface facing the inner side of the vehicle, wherein the first surface and the second surface of the outer glass plate are opposed to each other;
An intermediate film sandwiched between the outer glass plate and the inner glass plate;
A film laminated on at least one of the first surface of the outer glass plate and the second surface of the inner glass plate;
Equipped with
The outer glass plate has a first end and a second end opposite to the first end, and the outer glass plate is formed to be thinner from the first end to the second end. ,
The inner glass plate is formed of a flat plate having a substantially constant thickness,
The outer glass plate is formed with horizontally extending streaks when attached to a vehicle,
A windshield, wherein the inner glass plate is formed with streaks perpendicular to the streaks of the outer glass plate.   The windshield according to claim 1, wherein the film is laminated to the second surface of the inner glass plate.   The windshield according to claim 1, wherein the film is laminated on the surface having the large unevenness, of the first surface of the outer glass plate and the second surface of the inner glass plate.   The windshield according to claim 1, wherein the film is laminated on both the first surface of the outer glass plate and the second surface of the inner glass plate. The outer glass plate and the inner glass plate have different concentrations of tin oxide in the first surface and the second surface, respectively.
The lower surface of the tin oxide in the outer glass plate constitutes the second surface,
The windshield according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein a surface of the inner glass plate having a low concentration of tin oxide constitutes the first surface.   The windshield according to claim 5, wherein at least one of a shielding layer and an antenna is laminated on the second surface of the inner glass plate. The inner glass plates have different concentrations of tin oxide on the first surface and the second surface, respectively.
The surface with a low concentration of the tin oxide in the inner glass plate constitutes the second surface,
The windshield according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the film is laminated on the second surface of the inner glass plate.   The windshield according to any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein an imaging area for imaging the outside of a vehicle is formed by a camera, and at least the film is present in the imaging area. The windshield is formed in a rectangular shape having an upper side and a lower side,
The windshield according to claim 8, wherein the imaging region is formed near the upper side.   10. The windshield according to claim 9, wherein the film is an antifogging film. The film is any of an ultraviolet absorbing film, an infrared absorbing film, an antifogging film, a water repellent film, or a low reflection film,
The windshield according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein the film thickness of the film is smaller toward the upper side.   The windshield according to claim 12, wherein a thickness of an upper side of the outer glass plate is 3 mm or less.