JP6905876B2 - Laminated glass - Google Patents

Description

The present invention relates to a laminated glass in which an information acquisition device for acquiring information from outside the vehicle can be arranged and has an information acquisition area for acquiring the information.

In recent years, efforts have been made to add various functions to laminated glass of automobiles. In such a laminated glass, a resin interlayer film is arranged between the outer glass plate and the inner glass plate. For example, in Patent Document 1, an infrared reflective film is laminated on this interlayer film. Thereby, a heat shielding effect can be obtained.

Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 2009-90604

By the way, the safety performance of automobiles is improving dramatically, and one of them is to detect the distance to the vehicle in front and the speed of the vehicle in front in order to avoid a collision with the vehicle in front, and automatically when an abnormal approach occurs. A safety system in which the brakes operate has been proposed. In such a system, the distance to the vehicle in front is measured using a laser radar or a camera.

In such a system, information on the outside of the vehicle is to be obtained by using a camera or the like, but for that purpose, it is necessary to be able to accurately acquire the information on the outside of the vehicle through the laminated glass. However, the laminated glass is easily affected by the outdoor environment, and for example, when the laminated glass is iced, accurate information may not be acquired by the camera.

The present invention has been made to solve the above problems, and when acquiring information outside the vehicle by an information acquisition device such as a camera via laminated glass, the influence of the environment outside the vehicle is suppressed and accurate information is obtained. The purpose is to provide a laminated glass that can be obtained.

The present inventor has arrived at the following inventions in order to achieve the above object.
Item 1. A laminated glass in which at least one information acquisition device for acquiring information from outside the vehicle can be arranged and has at least one information acquisition area for acquiring the information.
With the outer glass plate,
An inner glass plate arranged to face the outer glass plate and
An interlayer film arranged between the outer glass plate and the inner glass plate,
A functional film laminated on the outer surface of the outer glass plate at least in a region corresponding to the information acquisition region.
Laminated glass.

Item 2. ^{Item 2.} The laminated glass according to Item 1, wherein the area of the information acquisition region is 0.01 m 2 or less.

Item 3. Item 2. The laminated glass according to Item 1 or 2, wherein the information acquisition region is located outside the test region B defined by JIS R3212.

Item 4. Item 2. The laminated glass according to any one of Items 1 to 3, wherein the functional film is laminated on the entire outer surface of the outer glass plate on the outside of the vehicle.

Item 5. Item 2. The laminated glass according to any one of Items 1 to 4, wherein the functional film contains at least silicon dioxide.

Item 6. Item 2. The laminated glass according to any one of Items 1 to 5, wherein the functional film has at least one function of anti-icing, deicing, easy deicing, and easy snow removal.

Item 7. Item 6. The laminated glass according to Item 6, wherein the information acquisition region is located in a region within 200 mm from the upper side of the inner glass plate or the outer glass plate.

Item 8. Item 6. The laminated glass according to Item 6 or 7, wherein the information acquisition area is surrounded by a shielding means that shields a field of view from the outside.

Item 9. The information acquisition device is configured to detect rain outside the vehicle via at least one of the information acquisition areas.
Item 2. The laminated glass according to any one of Items 6 to 8, wherein the information acquisition region is arranged in a passage region of the wiper.

Item 10. Item 2. The laminated glass according to any one of Items 1 to 9, wherein the functional film has a water-repellent function.

Item 11. Item 2. The laminated glass according to any one of Items 1 to 10, wherein the functional film has at least one function of heat shielding and antifouling.

Item 12. Item 3. The laminated glass according to Item 3, wherein the visible light reduction rate due to the functional film is 50 to 80%.

Item 13. Item 2. The laminated glass according to any one of Items 1 to 12, further comprising a second functional film laminated on the inner surface of the inner glass plate in a region corresponding to at least the information acquisition region.

Item 14. Item 3. The laminated glass according to Item 13, wherein the second functional film is an antifogging means.

Item 15. Item 14. The laminated glass according to Item 14, wherein the anti-fog means is made of a film having an anti-fog function.

Item 16. Item 3. The laminated glass according to Item 13, wherein the second functional film has a heat-shielding function.

According to the present invention, when information outside the vehicle is acquired by an information acquisition device such as a camera via laminated glass, the influence of the environment outside the vehicle can be suppressed and accurate information can be acquired.

It is a top view which shows one Embodiment which applied the laminated glass which concerns on this invention to a windshield. It is sectional drawing of FIG. It is sectional drawing of laminated glass. It is a schematic plan view which shows the measurement position of the thickness of the laminated glass. This is an example of an image used for measuring the interlayer film. It is a block diagram of the in-vehicle system arranged in the windshield of FIG. It is a figure explaining the application of a functional liquid. It is the schematic which shows an example of the manufacturing process of the windshield of FIG.

Hereinafter, an embodiment in the case where the laminated glass according to the present invention is applied to a windshield of an automobile will be described with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 is a plan view of the windshield, and FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view of FIG. For convenience of explanation, the vertical direction of FIG. 1 is referred to as "up and down", "vertical", and "vertical", and the horizontal direction of FIG. 1 is referred to as "left and right". FIG. 1 illustrates a windshield seen from the inside of a vehicle. That is, the back side of the paper surface of FIG. 1 is the outside of the vehicle, and the front side of the paper surface of FIG. 1 is the inside of the vehicle.

This windshield is provided with a substantially rectangular laminated glass 10, and is installed on the vehicle body in an inclined state. A mask layer (shielding means) 110 that shields the field of view from the outside of the vehicle is provided on the inner surface 130 of the laminated glass 10 that faces the inside of the vehicle, and the photographing device (information acquisition device) 2 is the mask layer 110. It is arranged so that it cannot be seen from the outside of the vehicle. However, the photographing device 2 is a camera for photographing the situation outside the vehicle. Therefore, the mask layer 110 is provided with a photographing window 113 at a position corresponding to the photographing device 2, and the photographing device 2 arranged inside the vehicle can photograph the situation outside the vehicle through the photographing window 113. .. Further, on the outer surface of the laminated glass 10, the functional film 115 is laminated in the region corresponding to the photographing window 113.

Further, an image processing device 3 is connected to the photographing device 2, and the photographed image acquired by the photographing device 2 is processed by the image processing device 3. The photographing device 2 and the image processing device 3 constitute an in-vehicle system 5, and the in-vehicle system 5 can provide various information to the passenger according to the processing of the image processing device 3. Hereinafter, each component will be described.

<1. Laminated glass>
FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view of the laminated glass. As shown in the figure, the laminated glass 10 includes an outer glass plate 11 and an inner glass plate 12, and a resin interlayer film 13 is arranged between the glass plates 11 and 12. Hereinafter, these configurations will be described.

<1-1. Glass plate>
First, the outer glass plate 11 and the inner glass plate 12 will be described. As the outer glass plate 11 and the inner glass plate 12, known glass plates can be used, and the outer glass plate 11 and the inner glass plate 12 can be formed of heat ray absorbing glass, general clear glass or green glass, or UV green glass. However, these glass plates 11 and 12 need to realize visible light transmittance in accordance with the safety standards of the country in which the automobile is used. For example, the outer glass plate 11 can secure the required solar radiation absorption rate, and the inner glass plate 12 can adjust the visible light transmittance so as to satisfy the safety standard. An example of clear glass, heat ray absorbing glass, and soda lime glass is shown below.

(Clear glass)
SiO ₂ : 70 to 73% by mass
Al ₂ O ₃ : 0.6 to 2.4% by mass
CaO: 7-12% by mass
MgO: 1.0 to 4.5% by mass
R ₂ O: 13 to 15% by mass (R is an alkali metal)
Total iron oxide converted to Fe ₂ O _{3 (T-Fe 2} O ₃ ): 0.08 to 0.14% by mass

(Heat ray absorbing glass)
The composition of the heat-absorbing glass, for example, based on the composition of the clear glass, the proportion of the total iron oxide in terms of _{Fe 2 O 3 (T-Fe} 2 O 3) and 0.4 to 1.3 wt%, CeO ₂ ratio as 0-2 mass%, the proportion of TiO ₂ and 0 to 0.5 wt%, framework component of the glass (mainly, SiO ₂ and Al ₂ O ₃₎ to T-Fe ₂ O _3, CeO _The composition can be reduced by the amount of increase in 2 and TiO _2.

(Soda lime glass)
SiO ₂ : 65-80% by mass
Al ₂ O ₃ : 0-5% by mass
CaO: 5 to 15% by mass
MgO: 2% by mass or more NaO: 10 to 18% by mass
K ₂ O: 0 to 5% by mass
MgO + CaO: 5 to 15% by mass
Na ₂ O + K ₂ O: 10 to 20% by mass
SO ₃ : 0.05 to 0.3% by mass
B ₂ O ₃ : 0 to 5% by mass
Total iron oxide converted to Fe ₂ O _{3 (T-Fe 2} O ₃ ): 0.02 to 0.03% by mass

The thickness of the laminated glass according to the present embodiment is not particularly limited, but the total thickness of the outer glass plate 11 and the inner glass plate 12 can be set to 2.1 to 6 mm as an example, and from the viewpoint of weight reduction. The total thickness of the outer glass plate 11 and the inner glass plate 12 is preferably 2.4 to 3.8 mm, more preferably 2.6 to 3.4 mm, and 2.7 to 3.2 mm. Is particularly preferable. As described above, in order to reduce the weight, it is necessary to reduce the total thickness of the outer glass plate 11 and the inner glass plate 12, so that the thickness of each glass plate is not particularly limited. For example, the thicknesses of the outer glass plate 11 and the inner glass plate 12 can be determined as follows.

The outer glass plate 11 is mainly required to have durability and impact resistance against external obstacles. For example, when this laminated glass is used as a windshield of an automobile, it has impact resistance against flying objects such as pebbles. is necessary. On the other hand, the larger the thickness, the heavier the weight, which is not preferable. From this viewpoint, the thickness of the outer glass plate 11 is preferably 1.8 to 2.3 mm, more preferably 1.9 to 2.1 mm. Which thickness to use can be determined according to the application of the glass.

The thickness of the inner glass plate 12 can be made equal to that of the outer glass plate 11, but for example, the thickness can be made smaller than that of the outer glass plate 11 in order to reduce the weight of the laminated glass. Specifically, considering the strength of the glass, it is preferably 0.6 to 2.0 mm, preferably 0.8 to 1.6 mm, and particularly 1.0 to 1.4 mm. preferable. Further, it is preferably 0.8 to 1.3 mm. As for the inner glass plate 12, which thickness is adopted can be determined according to the use of the glass.

Here, an example of a method for measuring the thickness when the laminated glass 1 is curved will be described. First, as shown in FIG. 4, the measurement positions are two points above and below the center line S extending vertically along the center of the glass plate in the left-right direction. The measuring device is not particularly limited, but for example, a thickness gauge such as SM-112 manufactured by Teclock Co., Ltd. can be used. At the time of measurement, the curved surface of the glass plate is placed on a flat surface, and the edge of the glass plate is sandwiched between the thickness gauges for measurement. Even when the glass plate is flat, the measurement can be performed in the same manner as when the glass plate is curved.

<1-2. Intermediate membrane>
The interlayer film 13 is formed of at least one layer, and as an example, as shown in FIG. 3, the interlayer film 13 can be composed of three layers in which a soft core layer 131 is sandwiched between outer layers 132 that are harder than this. However, the configuration is not limited to this, and it may be formed by a plurality of layers having a core layer 131 and at least one outer layer 132 arranged on the outer glass plate 11 side. For example, a two-layer interlayer film 13 including a core layer 131 and one outer layer 132 arranged on the outer glass plate 11 side, or an even number of outer layers 132 having two or more layers on both sides of the core layer 131 as a center. The arranged interlayer film 13 or the intermediate film 13 in which an odd number of outer layers 132 are arranged on one side and an even number of outer layers 132 are arranged on the other side of the core layer 131 may be used. When only one outer layer 132 is provided, it is provided on the outer glass plate 11 side as described above, in order to improve the damage resistance performance against external force from outside the vehicle or outdoors. Further, when the number of outer layers 132 is large, the sound insulation performance is also high.

As long as the core layer 131 is softer than the outer layer 132, its hardness is not particularly limited. The material constituting each of the layers 131 and 132 is not particularly limited, but for example, the material can be selected based on Young's modulus. Specifically, at a frequency of 100 Hz and a temperature of 20 degrees, it is preferably 1 to 20 MPa, more preferably 1 to 18 MPa, and particularly preferably 1 to 14 MPa. With such a range, it is possible to prevent the STL from decreasing in a low frequency region of about 3500 Hz or less. On the other hand, as will be described later, the Young's modulus of the outer layer 132 is preferably large in order to improve the sound insulation performance in the high frequency region, and is 560 MPa or more, 600 MPa or more, 650 MPa or more, 700 MPa or more at a frequency of 100 Hz and a temperature of 20 degrees. It can be 750 MPa or more, 880 MPa or more, or 1300 MPa or more. On the other hand, the upper limit of the Young's modulus of the outer layer 132 is not particularly limited, but can be set from the viewpoint of workability, for example. For example, it is empirically known that when the amount is 1750 MPa or more, processability, particularly cutting becomes difficult.

As a specific material, the outer layer 132 can be made of, for example, polyvinyl butyral resin (PVB). Polyvinyl butyral resin is preferable because it has excellent adhesiveness and penetration resistance to each glass plate. On the other hand, the core layer 131 can be made of, for example, ethylene vinyl acetate resin (EVA) or polyvinyl acetal resin which is softer than the polyvinyl butyral resin constituting the outer layer. By sandwiching the soft core layer between them, the sound insulation performance can be greatly improved while maintaining the same adhesiveness and penetration resistance as the single-layer resin interlayer film.

Generally, the hardness of a polyvinyl acetal resin is controlled by (a) the degree of polymerization of polyvinyl alcohol as a starting material, (b) the degree of acetalization, (c) the type of plasticizer, (d) the addition ratio of the plasticizer, and the like. Can be done. Therefore, by appropriately adjusting at least one selected from these conditions, even if the same polyvinyl butyral resin is used, the hard polyvinyl butyral resin used for the outer layer 132 and the soft polyvinyl butyral resin used for the core layer 131 can be used. It is possible to make it separately from. Further, the hardness of the polyvinyl acetal resin can also be controlled by the type of aldehyde used for acetalization, co-acetalization with a plurality of types of aldehydes, or pure acetalization with a single type of aldehyde. Although it cannot be said unconditionally, the polyvinyl acetal resin obtained by using an aldehyde having a large number of carbon atoms tends to be softer. Therefore, for example, when the outer layer 132 is made of polyvinyl butyral resin, the core layer 131 has an aldehyde having 5 or more carbon atoms (for example, n-hexyl aldehyde, 2-ethylbutyl aldehyde, n-heptyl aldehyde, etc.). A polyvinyl acetal resin obtained by acetalizing n-octylaldehyde) with polyvinyl alcohol can be used. In addition, when a predetermined Young's modulus can be obtained, it is not limited to the above-mentioned resin and the like.

The total thickness of the interlayer film 13 is not particularly specified, but is preferably 0.3 to 6.0 mm, more preferably 0.5 to 4.0 mm, and 0.6 to 2.0 mm. It is particularly preferable to have. The thickness of the core layer 131 is preferably 0.1 to 2.0 mm, more preferably 0.1 to 0.6 mm. On the other hand, the thickness of each outer layer 132 is preferably 0.1 to 2.0 mm, more preferably 0.1 to 1.0 mm. In addition, the total thickness of the interlayer film 13 can be kept constant, and the thickness of the core layer 131 can be adjusted.

The thicknesses of the core layer 131 and the outer layer 132 can be measured, for example, as follows. First, the cross section of the laminated glass is magnified 175 times and displayed by a microscope (for example, VH-5500 manufactured by KEYENCE CORPORATION). Then, the thicknesses of the core layer 131 and the outer layer 132 are visually specified and measured. At this time, in order to eliminate visual variations, the number of measurements is set to 5, and the average value is taken as the thickness of the core layer 131 and the outer layer 132. For example, an enlarged photograph of the laminated glass as shown in FIG. 5 is taken, and the core layer and the outer layer 132 are specified among them and the thickness is measured.

The thicknesses of the core layer 131 and the outer layer 132 of the interlayer film 13 do not have to be constant over the entire surface, and may be wedge-shaped for laminated glass used in a head-up display, for example. In this case, the thickness of the core layer 131 and the outer layer 132 of the interlayer film 13 is measured at the thinnest portion, that is, the lowest edge portion of the laminated glass. When the interlayer film 13 has a wedge shape, the outer glass plate and the inner glass plate are not arranged in parallel, but such an arrangement is also included in the glass plate in the present invention. That is, the present invention includes, for example, the arrangement of the outer glass plate and the inner glass plate when the intermediate film 13 using the core layer 131 and the outer layer 132 whose thickness increases at a rate of change of 3 mm or less per 1 m is used. ..

The method for producing the interlayer film 13 is not particularly limited, but for example, a resin component such as the above-mentioned polyvinyl acetal resin, a plasticizer, and if necessary, other additives are blended and kneaded uniformly, and then each layer is collectively kneaded. Examples thereof include a method of extrusion molding with the above method and a method of laminating two or more resin films produced by this method by a pressing method, a laminating method, or the like. The resin film before lamination used in the laminating method by a pressing method, a laminating method, or the like may have a single-layer structure or a multi-layer structure. Further, the interlayer film 13 can be formed by one layer in addition to being formed by a plurality of layers as described above.

<2. Mask layer>
Next, the mask layer 110 will be described. As illustrated in FIGS. 1 and 2, in the present embodiment, the mask layer 110 is laminated on the inner surface (inner surface of the inner glass plate 12) 130 inside the laminated glass 10 and on the peripheral edge of the laminated glass 10. It is formed along. Specifically, as illustrated in FIG. 1, the mask layer 110 according to the present embodiment has a peripheral region 111 along the peripheral edge of the laminated glass 10 and a rectangular protrusion downward from the upper side of the laminated glass 10. It can be divided into a protruding region 112. The peripheral region 111 shields the incident light from the peripheral portion of the windshield 1. On the other hand, the protruding region 112 hides the photographing device 2 arranged inside the vehicle from the outside of the vehicle.

Further, in the protruding area 112, a rectangular photographing window (information acquisition area) 113 is provided at a position corresponding to the photographing device 2 so that the photographing device 2 can take a situation outside the vehicle. That is, the photographing window 113 is provided independently of the non-shielding region 120 inside the mask layer 110 in the plane direction. Further, the photographing window 113 is a region where the materials of the mask layer 110 are not laminated, and the laminated glass has the above-mentioned visible light transmittance, so that the situation outside the vehicle can be photographed. The position where such a photographing window 113 is provided is not particularly limited, but can be provided, for example, within a range of 200 mm from the upper side of the windshield 1. Further, the position where the photographing window 113 is provided can be outside the test area B defined by JIS R 3212 (1998, "Safety glass test method for automobiles").

In addition to being laminated on the inner surface of the inner glass plate 12, the mask layer 110 can be laminated on the inner surface of the outer glass plate 11 and the outer surface of the inner glass plate 12, for example. Further, it can be laminated at two locations, the inner surface of the outer glass plate 11 and the inner surface of the inner glass plate 12.

Next, the material of the mask layer 110 will be described. The material of the mask layer 110 may be appropriately selected depending on the embodiment as long as it can shield the field of view from the outside of the vehicle. For example, a dark ceramic such as black, brown, gray, or navy blue is used. May be good.

When black ceramic is selected as the material of the mask layer 110, for example, black ceramic is laminated on the peripheral edge portion on the inner surface 130 of the inner glass plate 12 by screen printing or the like, and the ceramic laminated together with the inner glass plate 12 is heated. do. As a result, the mask layer 110 can be formed on the peripheral edge of the inner glass plate 12. Further, when printing the black ceramic, a region where the black ceramic is not partially printed is provided. Thereby, the photographing window 113 can be formed. As the ceramic used for the mask layer 110, various materials can be used. For example, the ceramics having the compositions shown in Table 1 below can be used for the mask layer 110.

＊１，主成分：酸化銅、酸化クロム、酸化鉄及び酸化マンガン
＊２，主成分：ホウケイ酸ビスマス、ホウケイ酸亜鉛

* 1, Main component: Copper oxide, Chromium oxide, Iron oxide and Manganese oxide * 2, Main component: Bismuth borosilicate, Zinc borosilicate

<3. In-vehicle system>
Next, an in-vehicle system 5 including a photographing device 2 and an image processing device 3 will be described with reference to FIG. FIG. 6 illustrates the configuration of the in-vehicle system 5. As illustrated in FIG. 6, the in-vehicle system 5 according to the present embodiment includes the photographing device 2 and an image processing device 3 connected to the photographing device 2.

The image processing device 3 is a device that processes a captured image acquired by the photographing device 2. The image processing device 3 has, for example, general hardware such as a storage unit 31, a control unit 32, and an input / output unit 33, which are connected by a bus, as a hardware configuration. However, the hardware configuration of the image processing device 3 does not have to be limited to such an example, and with respect to the specific hardware configuration of the image processing device 3, components are added or omitted as appropriate according to the embodiment. And can be added.

The storage unit 31 stores various data and programs used in the processing executed by the control unit 32 (not shown). The storage unit 31 may be realized by, for example, a hard disk or a recording medium such as a USB memory. Further, the various data and programs stored in the storage unit 31 may be acquired from a recording medium such as a CD (Compact Disc) or a DVD (Digital Versatile Disc). Further, the storage unit 31 may be called an auxiliary storage device.

As described above, the laminated glass 10 is arranged in an inclined posture with respect to the vertical direction and is curved. Then, the photographing device 2 photographs the situation outside the vehicle through such a laminated glass 10. Therefore, the photographed image acquired by the photographing apparatus 2 is deformed according to the posture, shape, refractive index, optical defect, and the like of the laminated glass 10. In addition, aberrations peculiar to the camera lens of the photographing device 2 are also added. Therefore, the storage unit 31 may store correction data for correcting an image deformed by the aberration of the laminated glass 10 and the camera lens.

The control unit 32 includes one or a plurality of processors such as a microprocessor or a CPU (Central Processing Unit), and peripheral circuits (ROM (Read Only Memory), RAM (Random Access Memory), interface circuits) used for processing of the processors. Etc.) and. The ROM, RAM, and the like may be called a main storage device in the sense that they are arranged in the address space handled by the processor in the control unit 32. The control unit 32 functions as an image processing unit 321 by executing various data and programs stored in the storage unit 31.

The image processing unit 321 processes the captured image acquired by the photographing device 2. The processing of the captured image can be appropriately selected according to the embodiment. For example, the image processing unit 321 may recognize the subject appearing in the captured image by analyzing the captured image by pattern matching or the like. In the present embodiment, since the photographing device 2 photographs the situation in front of the vehicle, the image processing unit 321 further determines whether or not an organism such as a human being is captured in front of the vehicle based on the subject recognition. May be good. Then, when a person is shown in front of the vehicle, the image processing unit 321 may output a warning message by a predetermined method. Further, for example, the image processing unit 321 may perform a predetermined processing process on the captured image. Then, the image processing unit 321 may output the processed captured image to a display device (not shown) such as a display connected to the image processing device 3.

The input / output unit 33 is one or a plurality of interfaces for transmitting / receiving data to / from a device existing outside the image processing device 3. The input / output unit 33 is, for example, an interface for connecting to a user interface, or an interface such as USB (Universal Serial Bus). In the present embodiment, the image processing device 3 is connected to the photographing device 2 via the input / output unit 33, and acquires a photographed image photographed by the photographing device 2.

As such an image processing device 3, a general-purpose device such as a PC (Personal Computer) or a tablet terminal may be used in addition to a device designed exclusively for the provided service.

Further, the photographing device 2 is attached to a bracket (not shown), and this bracket is attached to the mask layer 110. Therefore, in this state, the attachment of the photographing device 2 to the bracket and the attachment of the bracket to the mask layer are adjusted so that the optical axis of the photographing device 2 passes through the photographing window 113. Further, a cover (not shown) is attached to the bracket so as to cover the photographing device 2. Therefore, the photographing device 2 is arranged in the space surrounded by the laminated glass 10, the bracket, and the cover so that it cannot be seen from the inside of the vehicle, and only a part of the photographing device 2 can be seen from the outside of the vehicle through the photographing window 113. There is no such thing. Then, the photographing device 2 and the above-mentioned input / output unit 33 are connected by a cable (not shown), and this cable is pulled out from the cover and connected to the image processing device 3 arranged at a predetermined position in the vehicle. ..

<4. Functional membrane>
Next, the functional film 115 will be described. The functional film 115 is laminated on the outer surface of the laminated glass 10 as described above, and can be laminated in particular on the region corresponding to the photographing window 113. However, it can also be laminated on the entire surface of the laminated glass 10. When it is applied to the area corresponding to the photographing window 113, it can be laminated in a small area such as ^{0.01 m 2 or less.} Some functional membranes 115 have various functions, and an example thereof is shown below. Then, in the present embodiment, one of the functional films 115 is selected and laminated according to the intended use. As the functional film 115, at least one functional film 115 shown below may be laminated, and a plurality of functional films may be laminated.

<4-1. Functional film for preventing icing and snow accretion>
If icing or snow accretion occurs on the region of the laminated glass 10 corresponding to the photographing window 113, photographing is hindered. Therefore, these can be prevented by laminating a functional film capable of preventing icing and snow accretion on the outer surface of the vehicle of the laminated glass 10.

Such a functional film 115 can be formed, for example, by applying a known water-repellent paint containing a fluororesin as a main component.

Further, it is also possible to use a functional film having a snow-sliding ice property such that ice or snow adhering to the laminated glass 10 slides down. That is, in addition to being able to prevent ice and snow from adhering (ice prevention), it is possible to slide off the once adhering ice and snow and easily remove them (deicing, easy deicing, and easy snow removal). Such a functional film can be formed of a water-repellent substance. Further, such a functional film can be applied after applying an inorganic base film on the laminated glass 10. The inorganic base film can be formed of, for example, a metal oxide film such as glass, titanium oxide, or alumina, or a silicone coating agent. The functional membrane may have, for example, a triolomethyl group which is a water-repellent functional group or a linear structure arranged at the methyl terminal. Specifically, the functional film preferably contains one or a mixture of two or more selected from a fluorine-containing silane compound and a fluorine-free silane compound fluorocarbon group-containing fluorine-containing compound as a main component. Then, in the formation of the functional film, it is preferable to apply a coating film prepared by adjusting these materials as a coating film for forming a coating film and dry and cure the film to form the functional film. Further, such a functional film preferably contains silicon dioxide. This improves the durability of the functional membrane.

Specifically, the fluorosilicone coating agent X-24-7890 (manufactured by Shin-Etsu Chemical Co., Ltd.) is diluted so that the solid content ratio becomes about 2.0% to prepare a coating liquid for forming a functional film. Then, after applying this coating liquid on the laminated glass 10, it is dried at a predetermined temperature to form a functional film.

The functional film as described above can be used not only for anti-icing, deicing, easy deicing, and easy snow removal, but also for preventing dirt from adhering (antifouling property).

In addition, as the functional film for preventing icing and snow accretion, known ones can be used, and for example, the coating resin composition described in JP-A-10-265737 can be used.

<4-2. Functional membrane for water repellency>
When the functional film has water repellency, water droplets are less likely to adhere to the laminated glass, whereby freezing on the laminated glass can be prevented. The method for coating such a water-repellent functional film is not particularly limited, but a method of treating with an organosilane containing a fluoroalkyl group as a water-repellent functional group and a hydrolyzable group is preferable. ..

As an organosilane containing a fluoroalkyl group,
CF ₃ (CF ₂ ) ₁₁ (CH ₂ ) ₂ SiCl ₃ , CF ₃ (CF ₂ ) ₁₀ (CH ₂ ) ₂ Si (Cl) ₃ , CF ₃ (CF ₂ ) ₉ (CH ₂ ) ₂ SiCl ₃ , CF ₃ (CF ₂ ) ₈ (CH ₂ ) ₂ SiCl ₃ , CF ₃ (CF ₂ ) ₇ (CH ₂ ) ₂ SiCl ₃ , CF ₃ (CF ₂ ) ₆ (CH ₂ ) ₂ SiCl ₃ , CF ₃ (CF ₂ ) ₅ (CH ₂ ) ₂ SiCl ₃ , CF ₃ (CF ₂ ) ₄ (CH ₂ ) ₂ SiCl ₃ , CF ₃ (CF ₂ ) ₃ (CH ₂ ) ₂ SiCl ₃ , CF ₃ (CF ₂ ) ₂ (CH ₂ ) ₂ SiCl ₃ , CF ₃ CF ₂ (CH ₂ ) ₂ SiCl ₃ , CF ₃ (CH ₂ ) ₂ Perfluoroalkyl group-containing trichlorosilanes such as SiCl _3;
CF ₃ (CF ₂ ) ₁₁ (CH ₂ ) ₂ Si (OCH ₃ ) ₃ , CF ₃ (CF ₂ ) ₁₀ (CH ₂ ) ₂ Si (OCH ₃ ) ₃ , CF ₃ (CF ₂ ) ₉ (CH ₂ ) ₂ Si (OCH ₃ ) ₃ , CF ₃ (CF ₂ ) ₈ (CH ₂ ) ₂ Si (OCH ₃ ) ₃ , CF ₃ (CF ₂ ) ₇ (CH ₂ ) ₂ Si (OCH ₃ ) ₃ , CF ₃ (CF ₂₎ ) ₆ (CH ₂ ) ₂ Si (OCH ₃ ) ₃ , CF ₃ (CF ₂ ) ₅ (CH ₂ ) ₂ Si (OCH ₃ ) ₃ , CF ₃ (CF ₂ ) ₄ (CH ₂ ) ₂ Si (OCH ₃ ) ₃ , CF ₃ (CF ₂ ) ₃ (CH ₂ ) ₂ Si (OCH ₃ ) ₃ , CF ₃ (CF ₂ ) ₂ (CH ₂ ) ₂ Si (OCH ₃ ) ₃ , CF ₃ CF ₂ (CH ₂ ) ₂ Si (OCH ₃ ) ₃ , CF ₃ (CH ₂ ) ₂ Si (OCH ₃ ) ₃ , CF ₃ (CF ₂ ) ₁₁ (CH ₂ ) ₂ Si (OC ₂ H ₅ ) ₃ , CF ₃ (CF ₂ ) ₁₀ (CH) ₂ ) ₂ Si (OC ₂ H ₅ ) ₃ , CF ₃ (CF ₂ ) ₉ (CH ₂ ) ₂ Si (OC ₂ H ₅ ) ₃ , CF ₃ (CF ₂ ) ₈ (CH ₂ ) ₂ Si (OC ₂ H) ₅ ) ₃ , CF ₃ (CF ₂ ) ₇ (CH ₂ ) ₂ Si (OC ₂ H ₅ ) ₃ , CF ₃ (CF ₂ ) ₆ (CH ₂ ) ₂ Si (OC ₂ H ₅ ) ₃ , CF ₃ (CF) ₂ ) ₅ (CH ₂ ) ₂ Si (OC ₂ H ₅ ) ₃ , CF ₃ (CF ₂ ) ₄ (CH ₂ ) ₂ Si (OC ₂ H ₅ ) ₃ , CF ₃ (CF ₂ ) ₃ (CH ₂ ) ₂ Si (OC ₂ H ₅ ) ₃ , CF ₃ (CF ₂ ) ₂ (CH ₂ ) ₂ Si (OC ₂ H ₅ ) ₃ , CF ₃ CF ₂ (CH ₂ ) ₂ Si (OC ₂ H ₅ ) ₃ , CF ₃ Perflooloalkyl group-containing trialkoxysilanes such as (CH ₂ ) ₂ Si (OC ₂ H ₅ ) _3;
CF ₃ (CF ₂ ) ₁₁ (CH ₂ ) ₂ Si (OCOCH ₃ ) ₃ , CF ₃ (CF ₂ ) ₁₀ (CH ₂ ) ₂ Si (OCOCH ₃ ) ₃ , CF ₃ (CF ₂ ) ₉ (CH ₂ ) ₂ Si (OCOCH ₃ ) ₃ , CF ₃ (CF ₂ ) ₈ (CH ₂ ) ₂ Si (OCOCH ₃ ) ₃ , CF ₃ (CF ₂ ) ₇ (CH ₂ ) ₂ Si (OCOCH ₃ ) ₃ , CF ₃ (CF ₂₎ ) ₆ (CH ₂ ) ₂ Si (OCOCH ₃ ) ₃ , CF ₃ (CF ₂ ) ₅ (CH ₂ ) ₂ Si (OCOCH ₃ ) ₃ , CF ₃ (CF ₂ ) ₄ (CH ₂ ) ₂ Si (OCOCH ₃ ) ₃ , CF ₃ (CF ₂ ) ₃ (CH ₂ ) ₂ Si (OCOCH ₃ ) ₃ , CF ₃ (CF ₂ ) ₂ (CH ₂ ) ₂ Si (OCOCH ₃ ) ₃ , CF ₃ CF ₂ (CH ₂ ) ₂ Si Perflooloalkyl group-containing triacyloxysilanes such as (OCOCH ₃ ) ₃ , CF ₃ (CH ₂ ) ₂ Si (OCOCH ₃ ) _3;
CF ₃ (CF ₂ ) ₁₁ (CH ₂ ) ₂ Si (NCO) ₃ , CF ₃ (CF ₂ ) ₁₀ (CH ₂ ) ₂ Si (NCO) ₃ , CF ₃ (CF ₂ ) ₉ (CH ₂ ) ₂ Si ( NCO) ₃ , CF ₃ (CF ₂ ) ₈ (CH ₂ ) ₂ Si (NCO) ₃ , CF ₃ (CF ₂ ) ₇ (CH ₂ ) ₂ Si (NCO) ₃ , CF ₃ (CF ₂ ) ₆ (CH ₂₎ ) ₂ Si (NCO) ₃ , CF ₃ (CF ₂ ) ₅ (CH ₂ ) ₂ Si (NCO) ₃ , CF ₃ (CF ₂ ) ₄ (CH ₂ ) ₂ Si (NCO) ₃ , CF ₃ (CF ₂ ) ₃ (CH ₂ ) ₂ Si (NCO) ₃ , CF ₃ (CF ₂ ) ₂ (CH ₂ ) ₂ Si (NCO) ₃ , CF ₃ CF ₂ (CH ₂ ) ₂ Si (NCO) ₃ , CF ₃ (CH ₂₎ ) ₂ Perflooloalkyl group-containing triisocyanate silanes such as Si (NCO) _{3 can be exemplified.}

Specifically, for example, 0.4 g of tetraethoxysilane (manufactured by Shinetsu Silicone) and 1 g of concentrated hydrochloric acid (35% by weight, manufactured by Kanto Chemical Co., Inc.) are added to 98.6 g of ethanol (manufactured by Nacalai Tesque) with stirring, and silica is added. A membrane treatment solution was obtained. The contents of tetraethoxysilane (silica equivalent), hydrochloric acid and water in this treatment liquid are 0.12% by weight (SiO ₂ equivalent), 0.09 (specified) and 0.7% by weight, respectively. Hereinafter, this is referred to as a water-repellent film liquid 1.

Alternatively, the water repellent film liquids 2 to 5 can be prepared as follows. _{That is, instead of CF 3} (CF ₂ ) ₇ (CH ₂ ) ₂ Si (OCH ₃ ) ₃ (Heptadecafluorodecyltrimethoxysilane, manufactured by Toshiba Silicone Co., Ltd.) used in the preparation of the above water-repellent film liquid 1. For the water-repellent film liquid 2, CF ₃ (CF ₂ ) ₅ (CH ₂ ) ₂ Si (OCH ₃ ) ₃ (tridecafluorooctyltrimethoxysilane, manufactured by Toshiba Silicone Co., Ltd.) is used for the water-repellent film. For liquid 3, CF ₃ (CF ₂ ) ₃ (CH ₂ ) ₂ SiCl ₃ (nonafluorohexyltrichlorosilane, manufactured by Chisso Co., Ltd.), and for water-repellent film liquid 4, CF ₃ (CH _{2 ) 2} Si (OCH). ₃ ) _{3 (trifluoropropyltrimethoxysilane, made by Chisso), and CF 3} (CH ₂ ) ₂ Si (OCH ₃ ) ₃ (trifluoropropyltrimethoxysilane, made by Chisso) in the water-repellent film solution 5, respectively. It can be used to prepare solutions 2 to 5 for a water-repellent film.

<4-3. Functional film for heat insulation>
The functional membrane for heat shielding is mainly used to prevent the temperature inside the vehicle from rising. This functional film can be composed of, for example, a transparent base material and an infrared reflective layer laminated on the transparent base material.

The transparent base material is not particularly limited as long as it is made of a translucent material. For example, polyester resins (eg, polyethylene terephthalate, polyethylene naphthalate, etc.), polycarbonate resins, polyacrylic acid ester resins (eg, polymethyl methacrylate, etc.), alicyclic polyolefin resins, polystyrene resins (eg, polystyrene). , Acrylonitrile / styrene copolymer, etc.), polyvinyl chloride resin, polyvinyl acetate resin, polyether sulfone resin, cellulose resin (for example, diacetyl cellulose, triacetyl cellulose, etc.), norbornene resin, etc. , A film or sheet processed product can be used. Examples of the method for processing the resin into a film or sheet include an extrusion molding method, a calendar molding method, a compression molding method, an injection molding method, and a method in which the resin is dissolved in a solvent and cast. Additives such as antioxidants, flame retardants, heat stabilizers, ultraviolet absorbers, glidants, and antistatic agents may be added to the resin. The thickness of the transparent base material is, for example, 10 to 500 μm, preferably 25 to 125 μm in consideration of workability and cost.

The infrared reflective layer includes at least a metal layer formed of a metal such as silver, copper, gold, or aluminum from the transparent substrate side, and a metal suboxide layer in which the metal is partially oxidized, in this order. For example, (1) a transparent base material / metal layer / metal suboxide layer, (2) a transparent base material / metal layer / metal suboxide layer / metal layer / metal suboxide layer and the like can be mentioned. Further, a metal suboxide layer or a metal oxide layer in which the metal is partially oxidized may be provided between the transparent base material and the metal layer. For example, (1) transparent base material / metal aloxide layer / metal layer / metal aloxide layer, (2) transparent base material / metal aloxide layer / metal layer / metal aloxide layer / metal layer / metal. Suboxide layer, (3) transparent base material / metal oxide layer / metal layer / metal aloxide layer, (4) transparent base material / metal oxide layer / metal layer / metal aloxide layer / metal layer / Examples include the configuration of a metal hydroxide layer and the like. Among them, from the viewpoint of improving the visible light transmittance and suppressing the corrosion of the metal layer, the infrared reflective layer has a structure in which the metal layer is sandwiched between the metal hydroxide layers, or the metal layer is a metal oxide layer and a metal suboxide. Those containing a structure sandwiched between oxide layers are preferable. By providing the infrared reflective layer, the transparent heat-shielding heat-insulating member of the present invention can be provided with a heat-shielding function and a heat-insulating function. Further, a hard coat layer, an adhesion improving layer, or the like may be provided between the infrared reflective layer and the transparent base material.

<4-4. Laminating method of functional film>
The method for laminating the functional film 115 is not particularly limited, but a coating liquid prepared for the functional film can be applied to a region of the laminated glass 10 on the outer surface of the vehicle corresponding to the photographing window. At this time, for example, the functional film 115 can be laminated on the photographing window 113 after masking the area other than the photographing window 113. The functional film 115 can be laminated to be slightly larger or slightly smaller than the inner edge of the photographing window 113.

Further, when the functional film is laminated on the entire surface of the laminated glass 10, for example, the flow coating method can be used. In the flow coating method, for example, as shown in FIG. 7, the coating liquid is discharged from the nozzle and the coating liquid is applied to the laminated glass by the following route while moving the nozzle. That is, the nozzle is moved upward from the lower right corner portion R1 of the laminated glass to the upper right corner portion R2 along the right side, and then moved to the left along the upper side from the upper right corner portion R2 of the laminated glass. Then, when it reaches the upper left corner portion R3 of the laminated glass, it is moved downward along the left side until it reaches the lower left corner portion R4. At this time, the coating liquid applied along the upper side flows downward, whereby the coating liquid is applied to the entire surface of the laminated glass. By adopting such a method, it is not necessary to mask the windshield, and the manufacturing cost can be reduced.

<4-5. Optical characteristics>
The visible light transmittance of the laminated glass 10 may decrease due to the functional film 115, but there is no problem in operation as long as the visible light transmittance in the photographing window 113 decreases. Such a reduction in visible light can be, for example, 50-80%. This is because if the transmittance of visible light is high, the photographing device 2 may malfunction. On the other hand, if the transmittance of visible light is too low, the image may not be recognized. As described above, if the functional film 115 can control not only the above-mentioned functions but also the transmittance of visible light, another means for controlling visible light becomes unnecessary and contributes to cost reduction.

<5. Windshield manufacturing method>
Next, an example of a method for manufacturing a windshield will be described. First, the glass plate production line will be described.

As shown in FIG. 8, the heating furnace 901 and the molding apparatus 902 are arranged in this order from upstream to downstream in this production line. A roller conveyor 903 is arranged from the heating furnace 901 to the molding apparatus 902 and the downstream side thereof, and the outer glass plate 11 and the inner glass plate 12 to be processed are conveyed by the roller conveyor 903. .. These glass plates 11 and 12 are formed in a flat plate shape before being carried into the heating furnace 901. For example, the mask layer 110 described above is formed on the inner surface (inner surface of the vehicle) of the inner glass plate 12. After being laminated, it is carried into the heating furnace 901. As described above, the mask layer 110 can be laminated on a surface other than the inner surface of the inner glass plate 12.

The heating furnace 901 can have various configurations, and can be, for example, an electric heating furnace. The heating furnace 901 includes a square tubular furnace body whose upstream and downstream ends are open, and a roller conveyor 903 is arranged inside the furnace from upstream to downstream. Heaters (not shown) are arranged on the upper surface, the lower surface, and the pair of side surfaces of the inner wall surface of the furnace body, respectively, and the temperature at which the glass plates 11 and 12 passing through the heating furnace 901 can be formed, for example, glass. Heat to near the softening point.

The molding apparatus 902 is configured to press the glass plates 11 and 12 with the upper die 921 and the lower die 922 to form the glass plates 11 and 12 into a predetermined shape. The upper mold 921 has a downwardly convex curved surface shape that covers the entire upper surface of the glass plates 11 and 12, and is configured to be movable up and down. Further, the lower mold 922 is formed in a frame shape corresponding to the peripheral edges of the glass plates 11 and 12, and the upper surface thereof has a curved surface shape corresponding to the upper mold 921. With this configuration, the glass plates 11 and 12 are press-molded between the upper die 921 and the lower die 922 to form a final curved surface shape. Further, a roller conveyor 903 is arranged in the frame of the lower mold 922, and the roller conveyor 903 can move up and down so as to pass through the frame of the lower mold 922. Although not shown, a slow cooling device (not shown) is arranged on the downstream side of the molding device 902 to cool the molded glass plate.

The roller conveyor 903 as described above is known, and a plurality of rollers 931 rotatably supported at both ends are arranged at predetermined intervals. There are various methods for driving each roller 931. For example, a sprocket can be attached to the end of each roller 931 and a chain can be wound around each sprocket to drive the roller 931. Then, by adjusting the rotation speed of each roller 931, the transport speed of the glass plates 11 and 12 can also be adjusted. The lower mold 922 of the molding apparatus 902 may be in contact with the entire surfaces of the glass plates 11 and 12. In addition, the molding apparatus 902 is not particularly limited in the form of the upper mold and the lower mold as long as it molds a glass plate.

When the outer glass plate 11 and the inner glass plate 12 are formed in this way, the interlayer film 13 is subsequently sandwiched between the outer glass plate 11 and the inner glass plate 12, placed in a rubber bag, and sucked under reduced pressure. While pre-bonding at about 70-110 ° C. Other methods of pre-adhesion are possible. For example, the interlayer film 13 is sandwiched between the outer glass plate 11 and the inner glass plate 12 and heated in an oven at 45 to 65 ° C. Subsequently, the laminated glass is pressed with a roll at 0.45 to 0.55 MPa. Next, the laminated glass is heated again in the oven at 80 to 105 ° C., and then pressed again with a roll at 0.45 to 0.55 MPa. In this way, the pre-adhesion is completed.

Next, the main bonding is performed. The pre-bonded laminated glass is main-bonded by an autoclave, for example, at 8 to 15 atm and at 100 to 150 ° C. Specifically, for example, the main bonding can be performed at 14 atm and 145 ° C. In this way, the laminated glass according to the present embodiment is manufactured. However, this manufacturing method is an example, and it can be manufactured by so-called self-weight bending other than pressing.

After that, as described above, when the functional film 115 is laminated on the region of the laminated glass 10 corresponding to the photographing window 113 or the entire surface of the laminated glass 10, the windshield according to the present embodiment is completed.

<6. Features>
According to the windshield described above, the following effects can be obtained.

(1) In the present embodiment, the functional film 115 is laminated on the region or the entire surface corresponding to the photographing window 113 on the outer surface of the laminated glass 10. As described above, the functional film 115 performs various functions, and this point will be described.

(2) In order to give the laminated glass 10 some function, conventionally, it has been common to use an interlayer film 3 having a desired function. However, if some function is added to the interlayer film 13, the cost may increase or the quality such as optical performance may deteriorate. On the other hand, when photographing the outside of the vehicle with the photographing device 2 as in the present embodiment, it is necessary to prevent fogging, dirt, etc. of the photographing window 113 so as not to interfere with the photographing. Therefore, in the present embodiment, the functional film 115 is laminated on the outer surface of the laminated glass 10 in the region corresponding to the photographing window 113.

(3) As described above, this functional film 115 has functions such as prevention of icing and snow accretion, deicing, snow removal, and water repellency, so that ice, snow, and water adhere to the photographing window 113. Can be prevented. Therefore, it is possible to appropriately take a picture of the outside of the vehicle by the taking picture device 2.

(4) The functional film 115 is laminated on the outer surface of the laminated glass 10, but when laminated on the photographing window 113, the area is small, so that durability is less likely to be a problem. That is, although there is a concern that the functional film 115 may be deteriorated due to the environment outside the vehicle, since the area is small, even if the functional film 115 is deteriorated, it can be easily relaminated.

(5) Generally, a functional film such as a water-repellent film provided on the windshield is laminated in the test region B indicated by JIS R 3212. On the other hand, the photographing window 113 of the present embodiment can be provided outside the test area B. Therefore, when the functional film 115 is laminated on the photographing window 113, even if the functional film 115 deteriorates, it is possible to prevent the driver from obstructing the field of view required for driving.

(6) The photographing window 113 can be arranged within a range of 200 mm from the upper side of the laminated glass. Generally, the vicinity of the upper side of the laminated glass 10 is easily affected by the air flow during traveling, so that dew condensation is likely to occur and freezing is likely to occur. Further, since it is close to the joint portion with the vehicle, heat is easily conducted to the vehicle formed of a metal having high thermal conductivity. Therefore, in winter or cold regions, the laminated glass 10 tends to freeze from the peripheral portion. Further, the lower side of the laminated glass 10 can be heated by the defroster, but the upper side cannot be heated. Therefore, when the functional film 115 is laminated on the photographing window 113, freezing can be prevented even in the vicinity of the upper side of the laminated glass 10.

(7) Since the periphery of the photographing window 113 is covered with the mask layer 114, and a bracket or cover for covering the photographing device 2 is attached from the inside of the vehicle, the photographing window 113 cannot be seen from the inside of the vehicle. For example, if the shooting window 113 can be visually recognized from the inside of the vehicle, some measures can be taken when snow accretion or the like is noticed. Cannot be seen. Therefore, if the functional film 115 is provided on the photographing window 113, it is possible to prevent snow accretion or the like without the driver being aware of snow accretion or the like on the photographing window 113.

(8) When the functional film 115 has a water-repellent function, it becomes difficult for water droplets to adhere to the photographing window 113. As a result, it is possible to prevent a double image from being generated in the photographing by the photographing apparatus 2.

<7. Modification example>
Although one embodiment of the present invention has been described above, the present invention is not limited to the above embodiment, and various modifications can be made without departing from the spirit of the present invention. The following modifications can be combined as appropriate.

<7-1>
A part or all of the mask layer 110 may be formed of a shielding film that can be attached to the laminated glass 10, thereby shielding the field of view from the outside of the vehicle. When the shielding film is attached to the outer surface of the inner glass plate 12 on the outside of the vehicle, it can be attached before the pre-adhesion or after the main adhesion.

Further, in the above embodiment, the photographing window 113 formed on the mask layer 110 has been described as an example of the information acquisition region, but the form of the photographing window 113 is not particularly limited. Further, the region does not have to be surrounded by the mask layer 110, and any region in the laminated glass 10 through which light passes through the photographing device 2 corresponds to the information acquisition region of the present invention.

<7-2>
In the above embodiment, the photographing device 2 having a camera is used as the information acquisition device of the present invention, but the present invention is not limited to this, and various information acquisition devices can be used. That is, it is not particularly limited as long as it irradiates and / or receives light in order to acquire information from the outside of the vehicle. For example, it can be applied to various devices such as a laser radar, a light sensor, a rain sensor, a light receiving device for receiving a signal from the outside of a vehicle such as an optical beacon. Further, the photographing window (information acquisition area) 113 such as the photographing window 113 can be appropriately provided in the mask layer 110 according to the type of light, and a plurality of openings can be provided. For example, when a stereo camera is provided, two photographing windows are formed in the mask layer 110, and a functional film can be laminated on each photographing window. The information acquisition device may or may not be in contact with the glass. Further, a plurality of information acquisition devices and a plurality of information acquisition areas may be provided respectively.

When a rain sensor is used in addition to the photographing device (camera) 2 as the information acquisition device, the wiper passes through the information acquisition area for the photographing device and the rain sensor when rain is detected by the rain sensor. Can be configured. As a result, snow, ice, dirt, etc. adhering to the information acquisition area can be reliably removed.

<7-3>
In the above embodiment, a liquid for a functional film is prepared and applied to a laminated glass, but for example, a functional film can be formed into a sheet and the liquid can be attached to the laminated glass. In this case, for example, a base film coated with a liquid for a functional film can be attached to a laminated glass with an adhesive.

The base film is formed of a transparent resin film, and can be formed of, for example, polyethylene terephthalate, polypropylene, polyethylene, polyethylene naphthalate, polyetheretherketone, polyvinyl chloride, polyvinylidene chloride, or an acrylic resin.

Such a base film preferably has, for example, a transmittance of 5% or less at a wavelength of 380 nm and a transmittance of 50% or less at a wavelength of 400 nm.

The adhesive layer may be one that can fix the base film to the laminated glass 10 with sufficient strength. Specifically, an adhesive layer such as a resin obtained by copolymerizing an acrylic-based, rubber-based, or methacrylic-based and acrylic-based monomer having tackiness at room temperature and setting a desired glass transition temperature can be used. As the acrylic monomer, methyl acrylate, ethyl acrylate, butyl acrylate, stearyl acrylate, diethylhexyl acrylate and the like can be applied, and as the methacrylic monomer, ethyl methacrylate, butyl methacrylate, methacrylic acid and the like can be applied. Isobutyl, stearyl methacrylate and the like can be applied. Further, when the construction is carried out by heat laminating or the like, an organic substance that softens at the laminating temperature may be used. For example, in the case of a resin obtained by copolymerizing methacrylic and acrylic monomers, the glass transition temperature can be adjusted by changing the blending ratio of each monomer.

Further, it is possible to prevent the functional film from being laminated on the photographing window 113 for the photographing apparatus 2. Thereby, the so-called flushing phenomenon can be prevented. The flushing phenomenon is a phenomenon in which light is repeatedly scattered in water droplets adhering to the outer surface of a laminated glass, so that the intensity of the light emitted from the water droplets becomes higher than that at the time of incident, and the light appears to shine abnormally. Alternatively, in order to prevent the flushing phenomenon, a functional film that does not contain a water-repellent film (water-repellent function) can be laminated.

<7-4>
In the above embodiment, the laminated glass of the present invention is applied to the windshield, but the present invention is not limited thereto. That is, the laminated glass of the present invention can be applied to the side glass and the rear glass. Therefore, for example, an information acquisition device as described above can be arranged in the vicinity of the side glass or the rear glass, and an information acquisition area through which information for the information acquisition device passes can be provided in the side glass or the rear glass. At this time, the above-mentioned functional film can be provided on the outer surface of the side glass or the rear glass.

<7-5>
In the above embodiment, the functional film is laminated on the outer surface of the laminated glass, but the second functional film according to the present invention can also be laminated on the inner surface of the vehicle. As the second functional film, for example, in order to prevent fogging of the information acquisition region, anti-fog means can be provided on the inner surface of the vehicle. Hereinafter, this anti-fog means will be described.

The anti-fog means is to impart an anti-fog function to the inner surface of the laminated glass by applying a known anti-fog liquid, or a sheet (film) coated with such an anti-fog liquid. Can be configured by Since the inner surface of the laminated glass is easily fogged, it is possible to prevent fogging in the information acquisition area by providing such anti-fog means. Further, if the above-mentioned functional film has a water-repellent function and can prevent icing and snow accretion, it is possible to prevent the information acquisition area from cooling. Therefore, by providing such an anti-fog means, information can be obtained. It is possible to further prevent fogging of the acquisition area.

The anti-fog liquid is not particularly limited, and known liquids can be used. When a sheet-shaped anti-fog means is used, for example, an anti-fog liquid can be applied to a base film as described above, and the liquid can be attached to the laminated glass by the above-mentioned adhesive.

Further, as the second functional film, the above-mentioned functional film for heat shielding can also be used. If a functional film for heat shielding is provided on the inner surface of the laminated glass, for example, it is possible to prevent the temperature inside the bracket or the cover of the information acquisition device such as a photographing device from rising. As a result, it is possible to prevent the information acquisition device from being damaged or damaged by heat. In this way, the heat-shielding functional film can be laminated not only on the outer surface of the vehicle but also on both the outer surface and the inner surface of the vehicle.

1 Laminated glass 11 Outer glass plate 12 Inner glass plate 13 Intermediate film 110 Mask layer 113 Shooting window (information acquisition area)
115 Functional membrane

Claims (15)

A laminated glass in which at least one information acquisition device for acquiring information from outside the vehicle can be arranged and has at least one information acquisition area for acquiring the information.
With the outer glass plate,
An inner glass plate arranged to face the outer glass plate and
An interlayer film arranged between the outer glass plate and the inner glass plate,
A mask layer, which is laminated on at least one of the outer glass plate and the inner glass plate, shields light from the outside of the vehicle, and has a photographing window formed at a position corresponding to the information acquisition device.
A functional film laminated on the outer surface of the outer glass plate at least in a region corresponding to the photographing window.
Bei to give a,
The functional film is a laminated glass that is larger than the inner edge of the photographing window and is configured to be able to control the transmittance of visible light. The laminated glass according to claim 1, wherein the area of the information acquisition region is 0.01 m ^{2 or less.} The laminated glass according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the information acquisition region is located outside the test region B defined by JIS R3212. The laminated glass according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the functional film is laminated on the entire outer surface of the outer glass plate of the vehicle. The laminated glass according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the functional film contains at least silicon dioxide. The laminated glass according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the functional film has at least one function of anti-icing, deicing, easy deicing, and easy snow removal. The laminated glass according to claim 6, wherein the information acquisition region is located in a region within 200 mm from the upper side of the inner glass plate or the outer glass plate. The information acquisition device is configured to detect rain outside the vehicle via at least one of the information acquisition areas.
The laminated glass according to claim 6 or 7 , wherein the information acquisition area is arranged in a passage area of the wiper. The laminated glass according to any one of claims 1 to 8 , wherein the functional film has a water-repellent function. The laminated glass according to any one of claims 1 to 9 , wherein the functional film has at least one function of heat shielding and antifouling. The laminated glass according to claim 3, wherein the visible light reduction rate due to the functional film is 50 to 80%. The laminated glass according to any one of claims 1 to 11 , further comprising a second functional film laminated on the inner surface of the inner glass plate in a region corresponding to at least the information acquisition region. The laminated glass according to claim 12 , wherein the second functional film is an antifogging means. The laminated glass according to claim 13 , wherein the anti-fog means is made of a film having an anti-fog function. The laminated glass according to claim 12 , wherein the second functional film has a heat-shielding function.

Images