JP2019113239A - Air conditioning equipment - Google Patents

Abstract

To reduce power necessary for cooling water circulation by reducing pressure loss of cooling water in a radiator.SOLUTION: An air blowing fan 106 introducing outside air into the housing of an outdoor unit 100 via refrigerant outdoor heat exchangers 105 provided on the housing side part of the outdoor unit 100 and discharging the outside air to the housing upper part of the outdoor unit 100 is provided on the housing upper part of the outdoor unit. The outdoor heat exchangers 105 are placed respectively on both facing side parts of the housing side parts of the outdoor unit. A radiator 113 through which gas engine cooling water flows is placed below the air blowing fan 106. The radiator 113 is constituted of a pair of header pipes 115, 116 the axial directions of which are horizontally opposed to each other, and a plurality of heat transfer tubes 119 both ends of which are connected to the header pipes and disposed side by side in parallel. One header pipe 115 is provided with an inlet for the cooling water and the other header pipe 116 is provided with an outlet for the cooling water.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 3

Description

  The present invention relates to a gas heat pump type air conditioner in which a compressor for compressing a refrigerant is driven by a gas engine.

  In a gas heat pump type air conditioner in which a compressor for compressing a refrigerant is driven by a gas engine, a radiator provided in a cooling water circuit of the gas engine and an outdoor heat exchanger through which the refrigerant circulates are arranged in the flow direction of introduced outside air. An air conditioner has been proposed in which a radiator is disposed and separated by providing a gap between a radiator and an outdoor heat exchanger, and the radiator is disposed downstream in the flow direction of the introduced outside air during cooling operation (for example, Patent Document 1) ).

  FIG. 5 shows the structure of the outdoor heat exchanger unit 300 in which the outdoor heat exchanger 301 through which the refrigerant circulates and the radiator 302 are arranged side by side in the prior art. In this prior art, the radiator 302 provided in the cooling water circuit of the gas engine and the outdoor heat exchanger 301 through which the refrigerant circulates are arranged in the flow direction of the introduced outside air, and between the radiator 302 and the outdoor heat exchanger 301 A gap 303 is provided to separate them, and the radiator 302 is disposed downstream in the flow direction of the introduced outside air at the time of the cooling operation, and is configured as an outdoor heat exchanger unit 300.

  FIG. 6 (b) is a front view showing a schematic internal structure of the outdoor unit 304 in the same prior art, in which a fan 305 is provided on the top of the outdoor unit 304 and provided on the side of the outdoor unit 304. Air is introduced from the outdoor heat exchanger unit 300, and the introduced air is blown out to the upper part of the outdoor unit 304 by the fan 305.

  According to the prior art, since there is a gap 303 between the radiator 302 and the outdoor heat exchanger 301, heat transfer between the two does not occur, and the radiator 302 is disposed downstream of the air flow direction during the cooling operation. The introduced air heated by the radiator 302 does not pass through the outdoor heat exchanger 301 during the cooling operation. Therefore, it is possible to prevent the outdoor heat exchanger 301 from being affected by the engine exhaust heat during the cooling operation, and it is possible to improve the coefficient of performance (COP).

JP 2002-130743 A

  Generally, in such an outdoor unit, a pair of outdoor heat exchangers is installed on a plane including long sides opposing to a cross section of the outdoor unit housing viewed from above. Therefore, in the case of the above-mentioned prior art, as can be seen from the top view of FIG.

Further, in the same outdoor unit as above, in consideration of the ease of manufacture and maintenance, the inlet and outlet of the refrigerant in the outdoor heat exchanger and the inlet and outlet of the cooling water in the radiator are in the vicinity of the plane side including the short side. It is provided collectively. As illustrated in the front view of FIG. 6B, the engine 308 and the compressor 309 are disposed in the lower machine chamber 306, and the outdoor heat exchanger 301 and the radiator 302 are disposed in the upper heat exchanger chamber 307. Therefore, the coolant and the refrigerant reciprocate between the lower machine chamber 306 and the upper heat exchanger chamber 307.

  For this reason, the refrigerant flow path and the cooling water flow path which connect machine room 306 and heat exchanger room 307 are needed, and when an outdoor heat exchanger and a radiator are arranged in a heat exchanger room one pair (two each) The heat exchanger chamber is communicated with the machine room by a total of four pipes of a refrigerant inlet pipe 310, a refrigerant outlet pipe 311, a cooling water inlet pipe 312, and a cooling water outlet pipe 313, and a pair of room radiators 302 It is general to provide the branch piping 314 on the side and the junction piping 315 on the outlet side.

  In addition, the refrigerant | coolant piping in the side view of Fig.6 (a) abbreviate | omitted description. Since the inlet / outlet port of the cooling water in the radiator 302 is provided on the same end face of the radiator 302, the cooling water reciprocates at least one inside of the radiator 302.

  Further, the radiators 302 are arranged in a pair (two pieces) in the direction of the long side of the outdoor unit 300 casing, and the flow path of the cooling water becomes long. For this reason, when circulating cooling water, the pressure loss of the cooling water flow path in a radiator inside, a branch part, and a confluence part becomes large, and the motive power required in order to circulate cooling water becomes large. That is, there is a problem that the coefficient of performance of the air conditioning apparatus is lowered.

  The present invention solves the above-mentioned conventional problems, and eliminates the branch channel and the junction channel of the cooling water at the radiator inlet / outlet, shortens the flow channel of the cooling water inside the radiator, and flows the cooling water. The purpose is to reduce the pressure loss in the passage, that is, to reduce the power for circulating the cooling water.

  In order to solve the above-described conventional problems, the air conditioner according to the present invention is an outdoor unit equipped with a compressor using a gas engine as a drive source, and is open air through a refrigerant heat exchanger provided on a side portion of a case of the outdoor unit. Is installed in the upper part of the case, and the refrigerant heat exchanger is disposed on each of the opposite sides of the side of the case, and the cooling water of the gas engine is circulated The radiator is disposed at the lower part of the blower fan, and the radiator comprises a pair of header pipes horizontally facing in the axial direction, and a plurality of heat transfer pipes connected in parallel with both ends connected to the header pipe, one header pipe And the other header pipe is provided with an outlet for the cooling water.

  According to this, the radiator is constituted by a pair of header pipes facing horizontally and a heat transfer pipe whose both ends are connected to the header pipes, and one header pipe is provided with a cooling water inlet, and the other outlet. The water inlet and outlet are paired, and the cooling water flows from the inlet header pipe inside the radiator through the heat transfer pipe to the unidirectional flow toward the outlet header pipe.

  In the air conditioning apparatus of the present invention, since the cooling water inlet and outlet flow paths in the radiator are paired, the flow path for branching and joining the cooling water becomes unnecessary. In addition, since the flow of cooling water is in one direction inside the radiator, the flow path can be shortened. As a result, it is possible to reduce the pressure loss in the flow path accompanying the circulation of the cooling water, that is, to reduce the power for circulating the cooling water.

The figure which shows the refrigerant | coolant flow path of the air conditioning apparatus in Embodiment 1 of this invention, a cooling water flow path. The figure which shows the structure of the radiator in Embodiment 1 of this invention (A) Side view of the air conditioner according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention (b) Front view of the air conditioner according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention The figure which shows the structure of the radiator in Embodiment 2 of this invention Block diagram of outdoor heat exchanger unit in prior art (A) Side view showing a schematic structure inside the outdoor unit in the prior art (b) Front view showing a schematic structure inside the outdoor unit in the prior art (c) Top view showing a schematic structure inside the outdoor unit in the prior art

  The first invention relates to an outdoor unit equipped with a compressor using a gas engine as a drive source, and introduces outside air into the case via an outdoor heat exchanger for a refrigerant provided on the side of the case of the outdoor unit. A blower fan is provided at the top of the case, and a refrigerant heat exchanger is disposed at each of the opposite side portions of the casing side, and a radiator through which the cooling water of the gas engine flows is placed at the bottom of the blower fan. The radiator comprises a pair of header pipes horizontally facing in the axial direction and a plurality of heat transfer pipes connected in parallel with both ends connected to the header pipes, and one header pipe is provided with a cooling water inlet, The other header pipe is provided with an outlet for cooling water.

  According to the above, the radiator is constituted by a pair of header pipes facing horizontally and a heat transfer pipe whose both ends are connected to the header pipes, and one header pipe is provided with the cooling water inlet and the other outlet. The inlet and the outlet form a pair, and the coolant flows in one direction from the inlet header pipe to the outlet header pipe through the heat transfer pipe inside the radiator. Since the cooling water inlet and outlet flow channels in the radiator are paired, the flow channels for branching and joining the cooling water become unnecessary. In addition, since the flow of cooling water is in one direction, the flow path can be shortened. As a result, it is possible to reduce the pressure loss in the flow path accompanying the circulation of the cooling water, that is, to reduce the power for circulating the cooling water.

  According to a second aspect of the invention, the heat transfer tube in the radiator of the first invention is a flat heat transfer tube.

  The flat heat transfer tube can improve the contact area between the internal fluid (in the case of the present invention, the cooling water) and the heat transfer tube, as compared with the case where the flow passage cross section has the same area and is circular. In the present invention, the contact area between the cooling water and the heat transfer tube is increased, and the heat transfer coefficient of the air and the cooling water in the radiator is improved, that is, even when the air conditioning load is large and the engine load is increased. There is no need to increase the size, and the power required to circulate the cooling water can be reduced.

Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. The present invention is not limited by the embodiment.
Embodiment 1
Embodiment 1 of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. 1 to 4.
FIG. 1 shows a refrigerant flow path and a cooling water flow path of an air conditioning apparatus according to a first embodiment of the present invention. The solid line indicates the refrigerant flow path, and the dotted line indicates the cooling water flow path.

  First, the refrigerant flow path will be described. In FIG. 1, the air conditioning apparatus 1 includes an outdoor unit 100 and an indoor unit 200, and the indoor unit 200 is connected to unit piping extending from the outdoor unit 100.

  In the outdoor unit 100, the compressor 101 is connected to the gas engine 102 by power transmission means such as a belt.

  The oil separator 103 is disposed downstream of the discharge pipe of the compressor 101, and separates refrigerator oil (hereinafter, oil) contained in the refrigerant gas discharged from the compressor 101. The oil separated by the oil separator 103 is returned to the suction pipe of the compressor 101 by an oil return pipe (not shown). The four-way valve 104 is for switching the refrigeration cycle by cooling and heating, and FIG. 1 shows a flow at the time of cooling. The outdoor heat exchanger 105 dissipates the heat of the refrigerant to the outside during cooling by the outdoor fan 106, and absorbs the heat of the outside air during heating.

  The pressure reducing device 107 adjusts the pressure and flow rate of the refrigerant. The accumulator 108 is connected to a suction pipe of the compressor 101 and supplies the gas refrigerant to the compressor 101.

  The exhaust heat recovery heat exchanger 109 is connected in parallel with the outdoor heat exchanger 105 via the exhaust heat recovery / pressure reduction device 110, and during heating, the refrigerant can absorb heat also from the cooling water described later.

  In the indoor unit 200, the indoor heat exchanger 201 absorbs the heat of the room during cooling by the indoor blower fan 202, and dissipates the heat of the refrigerant into the room during heating. The indoor unit pressure reducing device 203 adjusts the pressure and the flow rate of the refrigerant. Although only one indoor unit 200 is installed in FIG. 1, a plurality of indoor units 200 may be installed in parallel to the outdoor unit 100.

  Next, the cooling water flow path will be described. The cooling water flow path includes a cooling water pump 111, a reservoir tank 112, a radiator 113, a three-way valve 114, and an exhaust heat recovery heat exchanger 109, for cooling the gas engine 102 by the cooling water around a circuit configured by these. Flow path.

  The cooling water pump 111 is provided to circulate the cooling water of the gas engine 102 to the circuit. The reservoir tank 112 is for temporarily storing the surplus portion of the cooling water or replenishing it when the cooling water runs short. The radiator 113 is disposed on the downwind side of the outdoor heat exchanger 105, and dissipates the cooling water by the outdoor fan 106.

  The arrangement of the radiator 113 will be described later. The three-way valve 114 can flow the flow path of the cooling water to the radiator 113 side, the exhaust heat recovery heat exchanger 109 side, or the flow to both the radiator 113 and the exhaust heat recovery heat exchanger 109. During cooling, a portion of the cooling water is sent to the radiator 113, a portion of the cooling water is sent to the radiator 113, and the remaining cooling water is sent to the exhaust heat recovery heat exchanger 109 to keep the temperature of the cooling water returning to the engine substantially constant. To control. As described above, when heating, by flowing the refrigerant and the cooling water to the exhaust heat recovery heat exchanger 109, the refrigerant can absorb heat from the heat of the cooling water and can evaporate.

  Next, the structure of the radiator 113 will be described with reference to FIG. The radiator 113 is connected to the inlet header pipe 115, the outlet header pipe 116, and the inlet header pipe 115 and the outlet header pipe 116 arranged in parallel, with a plurality of heat transfer pipes 119 and heat transfer pipes 119 arranged in parallel. A heat transfer fin 120 closely attached, a cooling water inlet pipe 117 connected to the inlet header pipe 115, and a cooling water outlet pipe 118 connected to the outlet header pipe 116.

  The inlet header pipe 115 distributes the cooling water introduced via the cooling water inlet pipe 117 to the plurality of heat transfer pipes 119. The cooling water flowing through the heat transfer pipe 119 joins at the outlet header pipe 116 and flows out of the radiator 113 via the cooling water outlet pipe 118. The heat transfer fins 120 serve to enlarge the surface area of the heat transfer tube 119 and to improve the heat transfer between the cooling water and the introduced outside air. Metals whose main component is copper or the like is used for the inlet / outlet header pipe and heat transfer pipe, and metal whose main component is aluminum or the like is used for the heat transfer fin. However, all of the header pipe, heat transfer pipe, and heat transfer fin are copper or Aluminum may be used.

  Although the heat transfer tube 119 and the heat transfer fins 120 are closely attached to each other, the heat transfer tube 119 is expanded from the inside for close contact, but the heat transfer tubes 119 and the heat transfer fins 120 may be welded and joined by brazing. . Furthermore, the inner diameter of the header pipes 115 and 116 is made sufficiently large relative to the inner diameter of the heat transfer tube 119 so that the flow rate of the cooling water distributed to the heat transfer tubes 119 arranged in a plurality is not biased.

  Next, the arrangement of the radiators 113 will be described with reference to FIG. In FIG. 3, the outdoor unit 100 includes a compressor 101, a gas engine 102, an accumulator 108, and a machine room 121 in which an oil separator, a four-way valve, a pressure reducing device, an exhaust heat recovery heat exchanger, etc. A heat exchanger chamber 122 provided on the lower side and in which the outdoor heat exchanger 105, the outdoor fan 106, the reservoir tank 112, the radiator 113 and the like are arranged is provided on the upper side of the outdoor unit 100. The function of each element is as described above.

  The radiator 113 is horizontally disposed under the outdoor fan 106 so that the central axes of the inlet header pipe 115 and the outlet header pipe 116 are parallel to the outdoor heat exchanger 105 in the heat exchanger chamber 122 of the outdoor unit 100. A header pipe is held and fixed by a suspension jig 125 from a fan motor stay 124 supporting a fan motor 123 for driving the outdoor fan 106. Further, a cooling water inlet communication pipe 126 and a cooling water outlet communication pipe 127 are provided to electrically connect the machine chamber 121 and the heat exchanger chamber 122, and the cooling water from the machine chamber 121 is introduced to the heat exchanger chamber 122. In order to be able to return the cooling water which has passed back to the machine room 122 again, it has a structure that can be circulated.

  Next, the overall operation of the air conditioning apparatus 1 will be described using FIG. 1 by taking the cooling operation as an example. The overall operation is roughly divided into an operation on the refrigerant side and an operation on the cooling water.

  First, the operation of the refrigerant will be described. During the cooling operation, the compressor 101 that compresses the refrigerant is driven by the gas engine 102. The high-temperature and high-pressure refrigerant compressed by the compressor 101 flows into the oil separator 103. The high-purity gas refrigerant from which the oil is separated by the oil separator 103 passes through the four-way valve 104 and enters the outdoor heat exchanger 105. The gas refrigerant exchanges heat with the outside air in the outdoor heat exchanger 105, dissipates heat, condenses, becomes a high-pressure liquid refrigerant, passes through the pressure reducing device 107, and is supplied to the indoor unit 200.

  The high-pressure liquid refrigerant that has entered the indoor unit 200 is decompressed by the indoor unit pressure reducing device 203, becomes a gas-liquid two-phase state, and flows into the indoor heat exchanger 201. The refrigerant in the gas-liquid two-phase state exchanges heat with the air in the space to be air-conditioned in the indoor heat exchanger 201, absorbs heat, evaporates, and flows out from the indoor unit 200 as a gas refrigerant.

  The gas refrigerant flowing out of the indoor unit 200 returns to the outdoor unit 100 again. The gas refrigerant that has flowed into the outdoor unit 100 returns to the compressor 101 through the four-way valve 104 and the accumulator 108, and the above process is repeated. The oil separated by the oil separator 103 is returned to the compressor suction pipe through an oil return pipe (not shown) and returned to the compressor 101 to repeat the above process.

  Next, the operation on the cooling water side will be described. During the cooling operation, the cooling water pushed out by the cooling water pump 111 flows into the exhaust gas heat exchanger 128 and cools the exhaust gas of the gas engine 102. Exhaust gas cooled by the exhaust gas heat exchanger 128 is discharged from the exhaust gas muffler 129 to the open air. The coolant that has passed through the exhaust gas heat exchanger 128 flows into the gas engine 102 and cools the gas engine 102.

  The cooling water that has cooled the gas engine 102 flows into the three-way valve 114. The three-way valve 114 is controlled to flow cooling water from the gas engine 102 to the radiator 113 at the time of cooling, and plays a role of flowing the cooling water to both the radiator 113 and the exhaust heat recovery heat exchanger 109 at the time of heating.

  The cooling water having flowed into the radiator 113 is cooled by the introduced outside air in the outdoor unit 100, returns to the cooling water pump 111 again, and repeats the above process. Note that the temperature of the coolant outlet of the engine 102 is monitored by an outdoor unit controller (not shown), and the number of rotations of the coolant pump 111 is controlled so that the temperature is substantially constant.

  The operation and action of the air conditioner according to the present invention configured as described above will be described below.

  In the air conditioner according to the present invention, the radiator is constituted by a pair of header pipes facing horizontally and a heat transfer pipe whose both ends are connected to the header pipes, one header pipe is provided with a cooling water inlet and the other is provided with an outlet. Furthermore, since the header pipe is installed at the lower part of the outdoor fan so that the central axis of the header pipe is parallel to the outdoor heat exchanger, the cooling water inlet and outlet are respectively one, and a branch flow path for branching the cooling water And the merging channel for merging is not required.

  Also, the cooling water flows in one direction from the inlet header pipe to the outlet header pipe through the heat transfer pipe inside the radiator.

  As described above, in the first embodiment, the radiator is constituted by a pair of header pipes facing horizontally and a heat transfer pipe whose both ends are connected to the header pipes, and one header pipe is provided with the cooling water inlet, By placing the outlet in the lower part of the outdoor fan so that the central axis of the header pipe is parallel to the outdoor heat exchanger, the cooling water is branched at the inlet and outlet in the At the same time, since the flow path of the cooling water inside the radiator is shortened, the pressure loss in the flow path accompanying the circulation of the cooling water can be reduced. As a result, the power for circulating the cooling water can be reduced.

That is, it is possible to reduce the energy consumed by the air conditioner and to improve the efficiency.
Second Embodiment
Second Embodiment A second embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIG. FIG. 4 shows the configuration of the radiator 113 in the outdoor unit 100 of the air conditioner 1 shown in FIG.

  In this embodiment, flat heat transfer tubes 125 are adopted as heat transfer tubes of the radiator 113, and heat transfer fins 126 processed in a wave shape are brazed between the flat heat transfer tubes 125 arranged in parallel.

  In the second embodiment, only the configuration of the radiator 113 is different from that of the first embodiment, and the refrigerant flow channel, the cooling water flow channel, and the operation are the same as those of the first embodiment, and the description will be omitted.

  In the radiator 113 configured in this way, the contact area of the cooling water and the heat transfer pipe flowing inside the radiator 113 and the surface area of the heat transfer pipe and the heat transfer fin increase, and the heat transfer coefficient of air and cooling water in the radiator increases. improves. That is, even when the air conditioning load is large and the load of the engine is increased, it is not necessary to enlarge the radiator, and the power required to circulate the cooling water can be reduced.

  When a flat heat transfer tube is used as a heat transfer tube of a radiator, the contact area between the internal fluid (in the case of the present invention, cooling water) and the heat transfer tube is compared with a heat transfer tube having the same passage cross-sectional area and a circular shape. It can be improved.

  In this case, it is conceivable that the friction loss between the internal fluid and the inner wall surface of the heat transfer tube increases and the energy required for the circulation of the internal fluid increases, but in the present invention, as shown in the first embodiment, The radiator is composed of a pair of horizontally opposed header pipes and a heat transfer pipe whose both ends are connected to the header pipes, one header pipe is provided with a cooling water inlet, the other is provided with an outlet, and the cooling water is an inlet header inside the radiator Since the flow from the pipe through the heat transfer pipe to the outlet header pipe is one direction, the flow path of the fluid inside the radiator can be set short, and even when the flat heat transfer pipe is used, it is necessary for the circulation of the internal fluid Energy can be suppressed.

  In addition, by using a flat heat transfer tube, the contact area between the internal fluid and the heat transfer tube is improved, so that the radiator in the present invention can be miniaturized while having the same heat exchange capacity as compared with a conventional radiator. Is also possible. When the radiator is downsized, the air flow resistance of the air blowing fan provided in the outdoor unit is reduced, so it is also possible to reduce the fan input at the same air volume.

  Also, in the present embodiment, an example is shown in which the inlet header pipe and the outlet header pipe are installed in parallel on the horizontal surface, but the inlet header pipe and the outlet header pipe may have height differences if they are parallel. The inlet header pipe may be located above the outlet header pipe.

  The air conditioner according to the present invention is suitable for a gas heat pump type air conditioner using a gas engine as a drive source of a compressor that compresses a refrigerant.

1 Air conditioner 100 outdoor unit
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 101 Compressor 102 Gas engine 105 Outdoor heat exchanger 106 Blower fan 113 Radiator 115, 116 Header pipe 119 Heat-transfer pipe 125 Flat heat-transfer pipe

Claims (2)

  In an outdoor unit equipped with a compressor using a gas engine as a drive source, outside air is introduced into the case of the outdoor unit via an outdoor heat exchanger for a refrigerant provided on a side portion of the case of the outdoor unit, and the outdoor A blower fan to be discharged to the upper portion of the casing of the unit is provided at the upper portion of the casing of the outdoor unit, and the outdoor heat exchanger is disposed at each of opposite sides of the casing side portion of the outdoor unit A radiator through which the cooling water flows is disposed below the blower fan, the radiator includes a pair of header pipes horizontally opposed in the axial direction, and a plurality of parallelly connected ends connected to the header pipes It comprises a heat transfer pipe, and one header pipe is provided with an inlet for the cooling water, and the other header pipe is provided with an outlet for the cooling water. Air conditioning apparatus. The air conditioner according to claim 1, wherein the heat transfer tube of the radiator is a flat heat transfer tube.