JP2019113077A - High pressure gas tank manufacturing method - Google Patents

Abstract

To obtain a high pressure gas tank manufacturing method which can shorten time for hardening of a reinforcement layer of a tank by cooling and attachment of a protection layer.SOLUTION: In a high pressure gas tank 10, a protection layer 15 is attached to a tank 11 having a reinforcement layer 14. A manufacturing method of the high pressure gas tank 10 is characterized in that the tank 11 is quickly cooled to generate dew condensation water W on a surface of the reinforcement layer 14 and the protection layer 15 is bonded to the reinforcement layer 14 by a humidity hardening type adhesive 40 in a state where the dew condensation water W accumulates in a recessed part 14a of the surface of the reinforcement layer 14.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 6

Description

  The present invention relates to a method of manufacturing a high pressure gas tank.

  As a method of manufacturing a high pressure gas tank, a method of attaching a protective layer as a dome surrounding member to a tank having a cylindrical cylinder and hemispherical domes located at both ends of the cylinder is disclosed (Patent Reference 1). This manufacturing method includes the steps of: mounting a positioning jig for attaching the protective layer to the dome portion to the tank; and positioning the protective layer on the dome portion by the positioning jig. In this manufacturing method, a reinforcing layer as a fiber reinforced resin layer made of a thermosetting resin is formed on the outer peripheral surface of the cylinder portion and the dome portion. Next, as shown in FIG. 10, a curing step of heating the tank to cure the reinforcing layer is performed, and then, a curing step of quenching the tank to cure the reinforcing layer is performed. In the hardening step by the rapid cooling, since the condensed water adheres to the surface of the tank, the condensed water drying step of wiping off the condensed water and drying the surface of the tank is performed. Then, a protective layer attaching step of adhering the protective layer to the dried dome portion of the tank with an adhesive is performed, and the high pressure gas tank is completed.

JP, 2014-190495, A

  However, in the method of manufacturing a high pressure gas tank described in Patent Document 1, if the tank is rapidly cooled to shorten the cooling time of the curing process, dew condensation water adheres to the surface of the tank. Therefore, before adhering the protective layer to the dome portion in the protective layer attaching step, there is a problem that it is necessary to provide a condensed water drying step of wiping off the condensed water and drying it.

  In addition, although the tank generates irregularities on the surface during the curing process by heating, in order to ensure that the protective layer is adhered to the irregular surface, the irregularities are embedded to make the surface uniform to ensure the adhesion area. There is a problem that it is necessary to coat the agent thickly or polish the projections. When an adhesive is thickly applied, it takes time to cure the inside, and there is a problem that the pressure holding by the mechanism for holding the pressure of the protective layer becomes relatively long. In addition, in the case of polishing the convex portion, there is a problem that the number of polishing steps is increased.

  The present invention has been made to solve such a problem, and it is an object of the present invention to provide a method of manufacturing a high pressure gas tank which can shorten the cooling time of the tank curing step and shorten the bonding time of the protective layer. It will be an issue.

  The method for producing a high pressure gas tank according to the present invention is a method for producing a high pressure gas tank in which a protective layer is attached to a tank having a reinforcing layer, wherein the tank is quenched to cause condensation water on the surface of the reinforcing layer The protective layer is adhered to the reinforcing layer with a moisture-curable adhesive in a state where the dew condensation water is accumulated in the concave portion on the surface of the reinforcing layer.

  In the method of manufacturing a high-pressure gas tank according to the present invention, the moisture-hardening type adhesive is used in a state in which the tank is rapidly cooled to form condensation water on the surface of the reinforcing layer and the condensation water is accumulated in the concave portion on the surface of the reinforcing layer. Thus, since the protective layer is adhered to the reinforcing layer, the condensation water can accelerate the curing of the adhesive. Therefore, it is possible to shorten the time required for the hardening operation by cooling the reinforcement layer of the tank and the attachment operation of the protective layer.

  ADVANTAGE OF THE INVENTION According to this invention, the manufacturing method of the high pressure gas tank which can aim at shortening of the cooling time of a tank hardening process, and shortening of the bonding time of a protective layer can be provided.

FIG. 1 (a) shows an exploded perspective view of the tank, and FIG. 1 (b) shows a perspective view of the tank according to the embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 1 (c) shows a cross-sectional view of the protective layer. FIG. 5 is a process diagram showing a method of manufacturing a high pressure gas tank according to an embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 3A is a perspective view of a tank in which a reinforcing layer is formed by the method for manufacturing a high-pressure gas tank according to an embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. b) shows a reinforcing layer whose outer peripheral portion is formed by hoop winding. The graph which shows the relationship between the elapsed time of the hardening process in the manufacturing method of the high pressure gas tank concerning the embodiment of the present invention, and temperature. It is a figure of the surface of the reinforcement layer after hardening the tank applied to the manufacturing method of the high pressure gas tank concerning the embodiment of the present invention, and Drawing 5 (a) shows the side view of the tank which has a hardening reinforcement layer which hardened. FIG. 5 (b) is a side view of the tank showing the state of the unevenness of the hardened reinforcing layer. The schematic diagram which shows the positional relationship and the wind speed of a tank and a cold wind blower at the hardening process in the manufacturing method of the high pressure gas tank which concerns on embodiment of this invention. FIG. 7A is a partial cross-sectional view and a partial enlarged cross-sectional view of a tank applied to the method for manufacturing a high-pressure gas tank according to an embodiment of the present invention; FIG. 7B shows a state in which a protective layer coated with an adhesive is attached to the outer peripheral surface of the reinforcing layer. It is a figure of the tank applied to the manufacturing method of the high-pressure gas tank which concerns on embodiment of this invention, FIG. 8 (a) shows the state which apply | coated the adhesive to the protective layer, FIG.8 (b) is pressure holding. It shows a state where the protective layer is pressurized and held in the tank by the mechanism. It is a figure explaining the adhesive strength of the adhesive applied to the manufacturing method of the high pressure gas tank which concerns on embodiment of this invention, and Fig.9 (a) shows the model of the tension test of adhesive strength, and FIG.9 (b) Shows a graph showing the relationship between humidity and adhesive strength. Process drawing of the manufacturing method of the conventional high pressure gas tank.

  A method of manufacturing the high pressure gas tank 10 according to the embodiment to which the method of manufacturing the high pressure gas tank according to the present invention is applied will be described with reference to the drawings.

  First, the configuration of the high pressure gas tank 10 will be described. As shown in FIGS. 1 (a), 1 (b) and 1 (c), the high pressure gas tank 10 includes the tank 11, the caps 12, 13 and the reinforcing layer 14 formed on the outer peripheral surface of the tank 11. , And a pair of protective layers 15. The high pressure gas tank 10 has a property of hardly transmitting gas, so-called gas barrier property, and is configured to be filled with a relatively high pressure gas such as hydrogen inside.

  The tank 11 is formed of a cylindrical hollow container and is made of carbon fiber reinforced plastic (CFRP: hereinafter referred to as CFRP) in which a plastic such as polyamide resin (PA) is reinforced with carbon fiber (Carbon Fiber). ing. The material of the tank 11 may be an engineering plastic or metal material having high mechanical strength such as so-called nylon (registered trademark).

  The tank 11 has a cylinder portion 16 and a pair of dome portions 17. The cylinder portion 16 is formed in a cylindrical shape, and each dome portion 17 is formed of a hollow substantially hemispherical body and formed integrally with the cylinder portion 16. Each dome portion 17 has a mouthpiece attachment portion (not shown), and the mouthpieces 12 and 13 are attached to the mouthpiece attachment portion.

  The base 12 is made of a metal material, and protrudes in the axial direction of the tank 11 from a substantially hemispherical dome portion 17. The mouthpiece 13 is made of a metal material as in the case of the mouthpiece 12 and protrudes in the axial direction of the tank 11 from a substantially hemispherical dome portion 17.

  The reinforcing layer 14 is formed by winding the fiber bundle F around the outer peripheral surface of the tank 11. The fiber bundle F is formed of (GFRP: Glass Fiber Reinforced Plastics) in which a plastic such as an epoxy resin (EP) is reinforced with a glass fiber (Glass Fiber). The material of the reinforcing layer 14 may be a composite material in which fibers such as carbon fibers (Carbon Fiber) and aramid fibers (Aromatic Polyamide Fiber) are contained in a plastic to improve the strength.

  The fiber bundle F is a fiber bundle in which several tens to several tens of thousands of so-called multifilaments formed by twisting several tens of single fibers into one yarn are bundled. The formation of the reinforcing layer 14 is performed, for example, by a filament winding process (hereinafter referred to as FW apparatus) not shown.

  This FW apparatus stretches and thins a thick fiber bundle F and gives a sweet twist to make a roving, and so-called roving (rolling such as glass roving) taken up and impregnated with resin, or resin This refers to a manufacturing apparatus that applies tension to impregnated roving and continuously winds around a workpiece. The resin to be impregnated into the coarse spinning is made of, for example, a thermosetting resin such as an epoxy resin (EP), a polyester resin (PE) or a polyamide resin (PA). According to the FW method, the axial and circumferential strengths of the workpiece can be adjusted by adjusting the winding angle.

  A method of manufacturing the high pressure gas tank 10 according to the present embodiment will be described. The method for manufacturing the high pressure gas tank 10 includes, as shown in FIG. 2, a tank, a die and a protective layer forming step, a reinforcing layer forming step, a curing step by heating, a curing by quenching and a protective layer sticking step. It is done. Each process is performed in order. In addition, the hardening and protective layer sticking process by the rapid cooling of this embodiment comprise the manufacturing method of the high pressure gas tank which concerns on this invention.

  In the tank, the cap and the protective layer producing step, the tank 11, the caps 12, 13 and the pair of protective layers 15 are produced (step S1). The tank 11 is divided at a central portion in the longitudinal direction, and one side tank having a cylinder portion and a dome portion 17 and the other side tank having a cylinder portion and a dome portion 17 as in the one side tank are made of CFRP. Each is produced by molding. Further, the dies 12 and 13 are respectively manufactured by metal processing such as die casting and cutting.

  Next, the base 12 is inserted into the through hole of the manufactured one side tank, and the one side tank and the base 12 are fitted. Moreover, the nozzle | cap | die 13 is inserted in the through-hole of the produced tank of the other side, and the tank and the cap 13 of the other side are fitted. Then, one end of the open end of the cylinder portion of the tank on which the cap 12 is mounted and the other end of the open end of the cylinder of the other tank on which the cap 13 is mounted face each other. Assemble the tank on one side and the tank on the other side in such a way that their axes are aligned.

  The assembled tank on the one side and the tank on the other side are joined by joining means such as laser fusion. By this joining, the tank on one side and the tank on the other side are integrated, and the tank 11 on which the caps 12, 13 are respectively mounted is manufactured.

  Each protective layer 15 is made of a rubber material such as urethane rubber, nitrile rubber, fluoro rubber, etc., and is manufactured in the same shape as the dome portion 17 of the tank 11 as shown in FIGS. 1 (a) and 1 (c). Ru. The protective layer 15 has a through hole 15 a at a central portion, and is configured to be inserted with the caps 12 and 13 when attached to the dome portion 17. Further, the inner peripheral surface 15 b of the protective layer 15 is formed in a curved shape similar to the outer peripheral surface of the dome portion 17, and when attached to the dome portion 17, the inner peripheral surface 15 b is the outer peripheral surface of the dome portion 17. It is configured to cover.

  In the reinforcing layer forming step, a plurality of bobbins around which the fiber bundle F is wound is set in the FW device, the fiber bundle F unwound from the bobbin is set in each component of the FW device, and the FW device operates. The fiber bundle F is wound around the outer peripheral surface of the tank 11 by the FW device to form the reinforcing layer 14 (step S2). The FW device is provided with a fiber bundle winding mechanism (not shown) having a support portion for supporting the caps 12, 13 of the tank 11 and a rotational drive portion for rotating the tank 11 around its axis. The fiber bundle winding mechanism is configured to wind the fiber bundle F around the outer peripheral surface of the tank 11 by cooperation of the reciprocation of the fiber bundle F in the axial direction of the tank 11 and the rotation of the tank 11.

  The fiber bundle take-up mechanism controls the moving speed (m / sec) of the fiber bundle F in the axial direction of the tank 11 and the rotational speed (rpm) of the tank 11 by a control unit (not shown). The configuration is such that the winding method of the fiber bundle F can be changed to helical winding or hoop winding.

  In helical winding, as shown in FIG. 3 (a), the winding trajectory of the fiber bundle F is a winding method in which it intersects the axis line CL of the tank 11 at a low angle θ of about 10 ° to 30 °, for example The bundle F is spirally and repeatedly wound around the entire cylinder portion 16 of the tank 11 and the pair of dome portions 17.

  The hoop winding is a winding method in which the winding locus of the fiber bundle F intersects the axis line CL of the tank 11 at an angle close to a right angle of, for example, about 90 °, as shown in FIG. Are repeatedly wound around the outer peripheral surface of the cylinder portion 16 of the tank 11.

  In the curing step by heating, curing processing of the reinforcing layer 14 is performed (step S3). Curing of the reinforcing layer 14 is performed by a heating furnace (not shown) or a heating device such as an induction heating coil which induces high frequency induction heating, and a thermosetting resin such as an epoxy resin in the reinforcing layer 14 is cured by heat treatment.

  In the heat treatment, as shown in FIG. 4, heating is performed so that the relationship between the elapsed time (min) and the temperature rises at a constant rate from the start of heating to a predetermined temperature (° C.) indicated by point a. The point a to the point b is held at a predetermined temperature for a predetermined time. From the point b to the glass transition point indicated by Tg, slow cooling is performed so that the relationship between the elapsed time (min) and the temperature gradually falls at a constant rate. The slow cooling from point b to Tg controls the relationship between elapsed time (min) and temperature so as not to affect the quality. That is, the slow cooling rate is managed. The predetermined temperature and the predetermined time are appropriately selected based on data such as setting specifications such as the structure, size, and material of the tank 11 and the reinforcing layer 14 and experimental values.

  In the curing step by heating, when the reinforcing layer 14 is cured by heating, the fiber bundle F wound around the outer peripheral surface of the reinforcing layer 14 becomes a reinforcing layer having innumerable uneven shapes as shown in FIG. The mechanical strength of the tank 11 is enhanced. As shown in FIG. 5 (b), the protective layer 15 is attached to an infinite number of concavo-convex shapes, that is, in a region surrounded by a dashed square where the protective layer 15 is attached, the convex portion has a height of about 1 mm to 5 mm. It has become.

  In the hardening by quenching and the protective layer attaching step, the reinforcing layer 14 is rapidly cooled following the hardening by heating (step S4). As shown in FIG. 4, when slow cooling in the curing step by heating is completed at Tg, quenching is started. In the quenching, the temperature is lowered at a rate faster than the slow cooling rate to shorten the cooling time. The cooling rate does not affect the quality, so it is cooled as quickly as possible.

  Specifically, the rapid cooling is performed by air cooling using cold air blown from a nozzle 20a of the cold air blower 20 shown in FIG. The cold air blower 20 is disposed so that the distance from the outer peripheral surface of the tank 11 to the nozzle 20a is about 200 mm, and is adjusted so as to be sprayed at an air velocity (m / s) of about 20 m / s against the outer peripheral surface of the reinforcing layer. Be done. The tank 11 is rotated around the axis at a speed of 1 rpm to 5 rpm so that the cold air from the cold air blower 20 hits the entire outer peripheral surface of the reinforcing layer 14, and the entire tank 11 is uniformly cooled.

  As shown in FIG. 7A, the condensed water W adheres to the outer peripheral surface of the reinforcing layer 14 by rapid cooling, and the condensed water W accumulates in the recess 14a. The dew condensation water W attached to the convex part 14b of the part enclosed with the square of a broken line is blown off by the cold wind which blows off from the nozzle 20a of the cold wind blower 20, and the convex part 14b dries. The dew condensation water W accumulated in the recess 14 a is hardly hit by the cold air, and therefore, the state of being accumulated in the recess 14 a without being blown off by air cooling is maintained.

  Next, as shown in FIG. 8A, each protective layer 15 is placed on the adhesive application table T, and the adhesive 40 is applied to a plurality of locations on the inner circumferential surface 15 b of the protective layer 15. The adhesive 40 is of a moisture curing type that reacts and cures with moisture in the air and is made of, for example, cyanoacrylate type, silicone rubber type or modified acrylic silicone. The respective protective layers 15 to which the adhesive 40 is applied are respectively set to the pressure holding mechanism 30.

  Then, as shown in FIG. 8 (b), the protective layer 15 is attached to the dome portion 17 of the tank 11 and held under pressure by the pressure holding mechanism 30. As shown in FIG. 7B, the adhesive 40 applied to each of the protective layers 15 ensures a good adhesive interface between the surface of the adhesive 40 and the projections on the surface of the reinforcing layer 14. The adhesive 40 bonds the protective layer 15 and the reinforcing layer 14 to each other. That is, the protective layer 15 is attached to the reinforcing layer 14. When the protective layer 15 is attached to the reinforcing layer 14, the adhesive 40 is humidified by the dew condensation water W accumulated in the recess 14 a of the reinforcing layer 14 as shown by the arrow in FIG. Ru.

  The effect of the manufacturing method of the high-pressure gas tank 10 which concerns on embodiment comprised as mentioned above is demonstrated.

  The method of manufacturing the high-pressure gas tank 10 according to the present embodiment is configured to include a curing step by heating (step S3) and a curing by rapid cooling and a protective layer attaching step (step S4). Condensed water W is produced on the surface of the reinforcing layer 14 when the tank 11 is rapidly cooled in the curing process by the heating process and the curing by the rapid cooling and the protective layer attaching process. It accumulates in On the other hand, the dew condensation water W adhering to the convex part 14b of the surface of the reinforcement layer 14 is blown off by the cold wind of the cold wind blower 20. As shown in FIG. Since the moisture curing type adhesive 40 is applied in a state where the condensed water W is accumulated in the recess 14 a of the reinforcing layer 14 and the condensed water W on the convex portion 14 b of the reinforcing layer 14 is blown off, the surface of the adhesive 40 is The effect of securing a good bonding interface with the convex portion 14 b on the surface of the reinforcing layer 14 is obtained. Furthermore, the effect of promoting the hardening of the surface of the adhesive 40 by the moisture of the dew condensation water W accumulated in the recess 14 a of the reinforcing layer 14 is obtained.

Adhesive strength (N) of adhesive 40 in the method of manufacturing high pressure gas tank 10 according to the present embodiment
In order to confirm, the adhesive strength test was performed as follows about the adhesive agent 40 which consists of modified acrylic silicones. The test method was performed based on JISK6833 (adhesive-general test method-part 1: how to obtain | require basic characteristics). First, as shown in FIG. 9 (a), a test piece TP bonded with an adhesive 40 is prepared, humidified and heated in a constant temperature and humidity chamber, and then a tensile test is performed. N) We evaluated the relationship.

  The test piece TP was produced by preparing two aluminum plates Al of width 25 mm × length 100 mm × thickness 1.6 mm, applying the adhesive 40, and bonding the two aluminum plates Al. The adhesive 40 had a thickness of 1 mm and a coating range of 25 mm × 40 mm. The produced test piece TP was cured by heating in a constant temperature and humidity chamber. The curing time was 10 minutes. After curing, one aluminum plate Al is pulled in the direction of the arrow shown in FIG. 9A at a tensile rate (1 mm / min), and the other aluminum plate Al is pulled in the opposite direction to one aluminum plate Al. Did.

  FIG. 9B is a graph showing the adhesive strength after the adhesive 40 is cured for 10 minutes after bonding, in which the horizontal axis represents humidity (%) and the vertical axis represents adhesive strength (N). According to this graph, the adhesive strength is approximately 10 N at a humidity of 30%, but is 30 N at a humidity of 60%. As shown in the graph, the humidity and the adhesive strength are in a proportional relationship, and as the humidity increases, the adhesive strength also linearly increases. As shown in this graph, by humidifying the adhesive 40, the target adhesive strength can be achieved in a short time of about 10 minutes, and the application time of the protective layer 15 can be shortened.

  In the method of manufacturing the high pressure gas tank 10 according to the present embodiment, the adhesive 40 is humidified by the dew condensation water W attached to the surface of the reinforcing layer 14 in the hardening and protective layer attaching step by the rapid cooling. Also, the adhesive strength is enhanced, and the curing speed is also enhanced.

  In the conventional method for manufacturing a high-pressure gas tank, if dew condensation water adheres to the surface of the tank by rapid cooling, the dew condensation water is wiped off and dried in the dew condensation water drying process, so there is a problem that the number of processes increases. In addition, there is a problem that it is necessary to thickly coat the adhesive or polish the convex portion so as to fill the unevenness generated on the surface in the curing step by heating and make the surface uniform to secure the bonding area. In addition, when the adhesive is thick, it takes time to cure the inside, and there is a problem that the pressure holding by the mechanism for holding the pressure of the protective layer becomes relatively long. There was a problem that was increased.

  In the method of manufacturing the high pressure gas tank 10 according to the present embodiment, the hardening step by quenching and the attaching step of the protective layer can be performed in one step, and the problems in the conventional method of manufacturing the high pressure gas tank can be eliminated. Thus, the effects of shortening the cooling time of the tank curing step and shortening of the adhesion time of the protective layer can be obtained.

  As mentioned above, although the embodiment of the present invention was explained in full detail, the present invention is not limited to the above-mentioned embodiment, and various designs are possible in the range which does not deviate from the spirit of the present invention described in the claim. It is possible to make changes.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 10 ... High pressure gas tank, 11 ... Tank, 12, 13 ... Base, 14 ... Reinforcement layer, 14a ... Recess, 14b ... Convex part, 15 ... Protective layer, 15a. · · · Through hole, 15b · · · inner circumferential surface, 16 · · · cylinder portion, 17 · · · dome portion, 20 · · · cold air blower, 20a · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · cold air blower ... Adhesive, W ... Condensed water

Claims (1)

A method of manufacturing a high pressure gas tank, wherein a protective layer is attached to a tank having a reinforcing layer,
The tank is quenched to form condensation water on the surface of the reinforcing layer, and the protective layer is reinforced by the moisture curing adhesive in a state where the condensation water is accumulated in the recess of the surface of the reinforcing layer A method of manufacturing a high pressure gas tank, characterized by adhering to a layer.