JP2019111558A - Friction joining device - Google Patents

Abstract

To provide a friction joining device that can suppress occurrence of a burr and improve joining strength even in friction joining deformed materials to each other.SOLUTION: A friction joining device 1 according to one embodiment, which joins a joining member 2 and a member 3 to be joined to each other by sliding the members relatively while the members contact each other at a joining surface S, comprises a constraining member 4 to be fixed to an outer surface of the joining member 2. The constraining member 4 comprises a hollow part 41 having a space into which the joining member 2 can be inserted formed and an expanding part 42, formed at the joining surface S side, which has a space expanded outward from the hollow part 41 formed.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 1

Description

  The present invention relates to a friction bonding apparatus, and more particularly to a friction bonding apparatus capable of suppressing the occurrence of burrs in a bonding portion.

  In friction welding, joining members are brought into contact with each other, and one joining member is slid relative to the other joining member (member to be joined) to generate frictional heat to soften and join the vicinity of the joining surface. It is. Various kinds of friction bonding include rotational friction bonding in which bonding members are rotated and bonded, linear friction bonding in which bonding members are linearly displaced and bonded, ultrasonic friction bonding in which bonding members are ultrasonically vibrated, and so on. There is a bonding method of

  By the way, in this friction bonding, since the heated joint member is pressed by the joint surface, a burr is generated on the outer periphery of the tip end of the joint member. The part where the burrs are formed is separated from the joint surface and can not be joined to the mating joint member (member to be joined), and a discontinuous part is formed with respect to the joint surface. Therefore, the portion where burrs are formed is likely to cause a junction defect. In addition, since burrs are not preferable in appearance, a treatment for removing the burrs after friction bonding is required.

  Here, according to Patent Document 1 and Patent Document 2, when the outer periphery in the vicinity of the bonding surface of the bonding member is surrounded by a jig and one bonding member is rotated with respect to the other bonding member to perform bonding, There is disclosed a friction bonding apparatus in which burrs generated in the periphery are confined in a space portion of a jig to suppress the burrs and improve bonding strength.

JP 2000-52429 A JP, 2009-269035, A

  However, in the inventions described in Patent Documents 1 and 2 described above, the generated burrs are merely confined in the space of the jig, and sufficient bonding strength can not be expected in the portion where the burrs are generated. Further, in these inventions, since the outer periphery of the joint surface is surrounded by the jig, the jig is used for friction bonding (for example, stud friction joint etc.) of different profile members having different shapes of the joint surface. It causes problems such as being impossible, making the jig difficult.

  The present invention has been made in view of such problems, and it is possible to provide a friction bonding apparatus capable of suppressing the generation of burrs and improving the bonding strength even in the friction bonding of profile members. To aim.

  According to the present invention, in the friction bonding apparatus in which the bonding member and the member to be bonded are made to slide relative to each other in a state of being in contact with each other at the bonding surface, the restraint member fixed to the outer surface of the bonding member is provided. The constraining member includes a hollow portion forming a space into which the joining member can be inserted, and an expanding portion formed on the joining surface side to form a space extending outward from the hollow portion. There is provided a friction bonding apparatus characterized by

  The expanded portion may have a shape in which the cross-sectional area increases exponentially, may have a shape in which the cross-sectional area increases at a constant ratio, or has a shape in which the cross-sectional area increases stepwise. May be

  Further, the restraint member may have higher strength than the joining member.

  Further, the restraint member may include a cutting edge disposed on an outer surface adjacent to the extension.

  Moreover, the said restraint member may be comprised so that attachment or detachment of the part containing the said expansion part is possible with respect to the part containing the said hollow part.

  Further, the friction bonding device includes a second restraint member fixed to the outer surface of the joined member, and the second restraint member is a hollow portion forming a space that can be abutted on the outer surface of the joined member. The expansion part formed in the said joint surface side and forming the space expanded outward from the said hollow part may be included.

  According to the above-described friction bonding apparatus according to the present invention, the bonding member is softened at the time of friction bonding and the diameter is expanded outward by fixing the constraining member having the expanded portion at the tip to the outer surface of the bonding member. Even if it exists, while being able to seal in the extended part of a restraint member, it can be pressed by the soft joint member on a joint surface, and can carry out friction joint. Moreover, the said restraint member can also be arrange | positioned only in the joining member of the side which a burr | flash generate | occur | produces. Therefore, according to the friction bonding apparatus according to the present invention, it is possible to suppress the generation of burrs and to improve the bonding strength even in the friction bonding of profiled members.

It is a schematic block diagram of the friction bonding apparatus concerning a first embodiment of the present invention. It is explanatory drawing which shows the effect | action of a restraint member, and (a) shows the friction welding initial stage, (b) friction welding final stage. It is sectional drawing which shows the modification of a restraint member, (a) is a 1st modification, (b) is a 2nd modification, (c) shows the 3rd modification. It is a figure which shows the 4th modification of a restraint member, (a) is a sectional view, (b) is B arrow line view in Drawing 4 (a), (c) is C arrow line view in Drawing 4 (b), (D) has shown D arrow line view in FIG.4 (b). It is a sectional view showing a restraint member used for a friction welding device concerning a second embodiment of the present invention, and (a) shows a friction welding initial stage and (b) shows a friction joint final stage.

  Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. 1 to 5B. Here, FIG. 1 is a schematic configuration view of the friction bonding apparatus according to the first embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 2 is an explanatory view showing the action of the restraint member, and (a) shows the initial stage of friction welding, and (b) the final stage of friction welding. In addition, in FIG. 2 (a) and FIG.2 (b), the figure of components other than a restraint member among friction bonding apparatuses is abbreviate | omitted.

  The friction bonding apparatus 1 according to the first embodiment of the present invention, as shown in FIG. 1, slides relative to each other in a state where the bonding member 2 and the member to be bonded 3 abut on the bonding surface S. A friction bonding apparatus for bonding is provided, including a restraining member 4 fixed to the outer surface of the bonding member 2, and the restraining member 4 has a hollow portion 41 forming a space into which the bonding member 2 can be inserted; And an expanding portion 42 which is formed to form a space expanded outward from the hollow portion 41. In FIG. 1, the hatched portion indicates the cross section of that portion.

  Further, for example, the friction bonding apparatus 1 is disposed in the support member 5 disposed on the joined member 3, the rectilinear drive device 6 disposed on the support member 5 and moving the head 61 in the vertical direction in the figure, and the head 61. And a rotary drive unit 7 for rotating the joint member 2. The configuration of the friction bonding apparatus 1 shown in the figure is based on the assumption that the case of a stud friction bonding in which a long and thin columnar joint member 2 is friction bonded on a wide plane of the members to be joined 3.

  Although the material of the joining member 2 and the member to be joined 3 is generally a metal, it may be a material other than a metal as long as it can be frictionally joined.

  The support member 5 is not limited to the illustrated configuration as long as the support member 5 can hold the state of friction bonding while bringing the tip end of the bonding member 2 into contact with the flat surface of the bonded member 3. For example, the support member 5 may be disposed on the floor surface on which the workpiece 3 is mounted. The straight drive 6 is an actuator such as an air cylinder, a hydraulic cylinder, or an electric cylinder, for example.

  The rotational drive device 7 includes a drive motor 71 disposed in the head 61, a shaft 72 rotated by the drive motor 71, and a grip portion 73 disposed at the tip of the shaft 72. Between the drive motor 71 and the shaft 72, power transmission means such as a gear drive mechanism, a belt drive mechanism, or a chain drive mechanism may be interposed. Although not shown, the shaft 72 may be connected directly to the output shaft of the drive motor 71.

  The gripping portion 73 is a portion that grips the bonding member 2 and the restraining member 4. The gripping portion 73 may be configured to adopt a so-called collet chuck mechanism, may be configured to fix the constraining member 4 with a fastener such as a bolt or a pin, or may be engaged with the constraining member 4 It may be configured to be fixed by

  The constraining member 4 is a sleeve having a substantially cylindrical shape. For example, the restraint member 4 may be configured to be divisible into a plurality of split pieces along the axial center. When the restraint member 4 is configured to be dividable, the restraint member 4 can be easily fixed to the joint member 2. At this time, the divided pieces may be connected by a fastener such as a bolt in a state where the joining member 2 is inserted.

  Further, the restraint member 4 may have a plurality of slits (not shown) formed along the axial center. When a slit is formed in the constraining member 4, it is optimal when the gripping portion 73 has a collet chuck mechanism. In this case, after the joining member 2 is inserted into the restraint member 4, the slit is tightened by attaching the restraint member 4 to the grip portion 73, and the restraint member 4 is firmly fixed to the outer surface of the joining member 2.

  A hollow portion 41 into which the joining member 2 is inserted is formed in the axial center portion of the restraint member 4. The hollow portion 41 is formed to have a surface adapted to the outer shape of the bonding member 2. In addition, a key groove or a projection that engages with the bonding member 2 may be formed in the hollow portion 41. For example, if a protrusion is formed on the outer surface of the bonding member 2, a key groove is formed in the hollow portion 41, and if a groove is formed on the outer surface of the bonding member 2, a protrusion is formed on the hollow portion 41 Ru. By this configuration, it is possible to suppress the slip in the rotational direction of the bonding member 2 at the time of friction bonding.

  At the tip end of the hollow portion 41, an expanded portion 42 which is expanded in the radial direction as a whole is formed. The extension portion 42 has, for example, a shape whose cross-sectional area increases exponentially, a so-called trumpet shape. The generatrix defining the circumferential shape of the expanded portion 42 is designed, for example, in an R shape or a fillet shape. According to this configuration, the joint member 2 which has been softened and enlarged in diameter at the time of friction joint can be sealed in the expanded portion 42 of the restraint member 4.

  Further, the constraining member 4 may be made of a material having a strength higher than that of the joining member 2. According to this configuration, even in the case where friction bonding is performed in a state where the constraining member 4 is fixed to the outer surface of the joining member 2, deformation of the constraining member 4 can be suppressed. Further, in order to facilitate removal of the constraining member 4 from the joining member 2 after completion of the friction bonding, a mold release agent may be coated or applied to the inner surface (hollow portion 41 and the expanding portion 42) of the constraining member 4. As a mold release agent, DLC (Diamond-Like Carbon), ceramics, h-BN (hexagonal boron nitride), talc powder etc. can be used, for example.

  The constraining member 4 may be made of a material having a larger heat capacity than the bonding member 2 or may be made of a material having a smaller coefficient of thermal expansion than the bonding member 2. With this configuration, even when the temperature of the joining member 2 rises during friction joining, thermal deformation and thermal expansion of the constraining member 4 can be suppressed, and the constraining force of the constraining member 4 can be maintained.

  When friction bonding is performed using the above-described friction bonding apparatus 1, the bonding member 2 is inserted into the hollow portion 41 of the restraint member 4, and the restraint member 4 is fixed to the bonding member 2. At this time, as shown in FIG. 2A, the tip end portion of the joining member 2 is at least a deviation margin Δm than the tip end portion of the restraint member 4 (the distance for causing the joining member 2 to approach the joined member 3 at the time of friction joining) Only let it stand out. By this arrangement, interference between the constraining member 4 and the member to be joined 3 can be suppressed at the time of friction bonding.

  Next, the restraining member 4 fixed to the joining member 2 is connected to the gripping portion 73. Subsequently, the linear drive device 6 is operated to bring the end of the bonding member 2 into contact with the surface (bonding surface S) of the bonding member 3 as shown in FIG. 2A. Next, the rotational drive device 7 is driven to rotate the joining member 2 together with the restraining member 4. Then, while the distal end of the bonding member 2 is pressed against the bonding surface S by the linear drive device 6, friction bonding is performed while rotationally driving the bonding member 2 at a predetermined rotation speed.

  At the time of friction bonding, the tip of the bonding member 2 is softened and the diameter is expanded outward. At this time, as shown in FIG. 2B, the enlarged diameter portion of the bonding member 2 is sealed by the expansion portion 42 of the restraint member 4 and pressed against the surface (bonding surface S) of the bonding member 3 . Therefore, while being able to suppress the protrusion of the joining member 2 from the restraint member 4, the diameter-expanded part of the joining member 2 can also be frictionally joined to the joining surface S. Thereafter, the restraining member 4 is removed from the gripping portion 73 and the restraining member 4 is removed from the joining member 2 to complete the friction bonding.

  Thus, by using the friction bonding apparatus 1 according to the present embodiment, the generation of burrs can be suppressed, there is no need to perform additional processing for removing the burrs, and the working efficiency can be improved. . Further, since the diameter-expanded portion of the bonding member 2 can also be friction-bonded, the bonding strength can be improved. Moreover, since a discontinuous part is not formed in a junction part, generation | occurrence | production of a junction defect can also be suppressed.

  Furthermore, the portion friction-joined to the member 3 to be joined by the expanded portion 42 has a shape in which the cross-sectional area increases exponentially, and an R-shape or fillet is formed at the root of the joint just by friction-joining It can be formed. Therefore, it is possible to omit an additional process for forming an R-shape or fillet on the friction joint.

  Further, in the present embodiment, as described above, the constraining member 4 may be disposed only on the joining member 2 on the side where burrs are generated, and profiled members having different shapes of the joining member 2 and the joined member 3 are selected. Even in the case of friction bonding, generation of burrs can be suppressed and joint strength can be improved. Of course, the present embodiment can also be applied to the case where the bonding member 2 and the member to be bonded 3 have the same shape.

  Subsequently, modified examples of the constraining member 4 will be described with reference to FIGS. 3 (a) to 4 (d). Here, FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view showing a modified example of the restraint member, in which (a) shows a first modified example, (b) shows a second modified example, and (c) shows a third modified example. . FIG. 4 is a view showing a fourth modified example of the constraining member, in which (a) is a cross-sectional view, (b) is a view on arrow B in FIG. 4 (a), and (c) is C in FIG. Arrow view, (d) shows arrow view D in FIG. 4 (b).

  In the first modified example shown in FIG. 3A, the expanded portion 42 is formed in a shape in which the cross-sectional area increases at a constant ratio. That is, the expanded portion 42 is formed in a truncated cone shape. Also by this configuration, substantially the same effect as that of the restraint member 4 according to the first embodiment described above can be exhibited. Here, although the case where the expanded part 42 is formed in one truncated cone shape is illustrated, even if it forms in the shape which laminated | stacked truncated cones by changing the ratio which the cross-sectional area increases on the way Good.

  In the second modification shown in FIG. 3B, the expanded portion 42 is formed in a shape in which the cross-sectional area gradually increases. That is, the expansion part 42 is formed in the shape which laminated | stacked the several cylinder from which a diameter differs in multiple stages. Also by this configuration, substantially the same effect as that of the restraint member 4 according to the first embodiment described above can be exhibited. Although the diameter of the expanded portion 42 is expanded in two steps here, the diameter may be expanded in three or more steps.

  The third modification shown in FIG. 3C is configured such that a portion including the hollow portion 41 and a portion including the expansion portion 42 can be separated. Specifically, the restraint member 4 includes a main body 4a including a hollow portion 41, and a distal end 4b including an expansion 42, and the distal end 4b is configured to be detachable from the main body 4a. ing. For example, a screw groove is cut on the inner surface of the end 4b of the main body 4a, and a screw thread that can be screwed into the groove of the main body 4a is located on the side of the main body 4a of the end 4b. The cut convex part is formed. Inside the convex portion, a hollow portion that is in smooth communication with the hollow portion 41 of the main body portion 4a is formed.

  Thus, the distal end portion 4b including the extension portion 42 is configured to be removable, so that, for example, when it is desired to change the extended portion 42 to a different shape or when the distal end portion 4b wears, the tip end portion 4b is easily replaced can do.

  The 4th modification shown in Drawing 4 (a)-Drawing 4 (d) arranges cutting blade 43 in the external surface adjacent to extended section 42 of restraint member 4. As shown in FIG. For example, as shown in FIG. 4B and FIG. 4C, an annular recess 44 is formed on the outer periphery of the distal end portion of the restraint member 4. The cutting edges 43 are disposed at two opposing positions of the recess 44. Further, in the case where the gripping portion 73 has a collet chuck mechanism, a plurality of slits 45 may be formed on the side surface of the constraining member 4 so as to extend from the front end toward the rear end.

  Thus, by arranging the cutting edge 43 on the outer surface of the constraining member 4, the joining member 2 protruding from the extended portion 42 to the outer periphery of the constraining member 4 can be cut by the cutting edge 43 at the time of friction joining. Occurrence can be suppressed.

  The number of cutting edges 43 is arbitrary, and three or more cutting edges 43 may be disposed. Further, the number of the slits 45 is arbitrary, and three or more slits 45 may be formed, or slits extending from the rear end toward the front end may be formed.

  Next, a friction bonding apparatus according to a second embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. 5 (a) and 5 (b). Here, FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view showing the restraint member used in the friction welding device according to the second embodiment of the present invention, wherein (a) shows the initial stage of friction welding and (b) shows the final stage of friction welding. It shows. In addition, in each figure, illustration is abbreviate | omitted about components other than a joining member, a to-be-joined member, and a restraint member.

  The friction bonding apparatus according to the second embodiment includes the second restraint member 8 fixed to the outer surface of the workpiece 3, and the second restraint member 8 forms a space that can contact the outer surface of the workpiece 3. And an expansion portion 82 which is formed on the side of the joint surface S and which forms a space expanded outward from the hollow portion 81.

  This embodiment can be used when the to-be-joined member 3 has a cylindrical shape similar to the joining member 2. The second restraint member 8 may be made of a material having a strength higher than that of the workpieces 3. Further, the second restraint member 8 may be made of a material having a larger heat capacity than that of the member to be joined 3 or may be made of a material having a smaller coefficient of thermal expansion than that of the member to be joined 3. About the other composition of the 2nd restraint member 8, since it has the composition substantially the same as restraint member 4 mentioned above, detailed explanation is omitted.

  In the friction bonding apparatus according to the second embodiment, after the restraint member 4 is fixed to the outer surface of the joining member 2 and the second restraint member 8 is fixed to the outer surface of the joined member 3, the gripping member 73 is gripped 1), and the second restraint member 8 is connected to a grip (not shown) similar to the grip 73. Thereafter, as shown in FIG. 5A, the straight drive 6 (see FIG. 1) is operated to attach the tip of the bonding member 2 and the tip of the bonding member 3 together. Then, while the joint member 2 is rotationally driven, the joint member 3 is pressed against the member to be joined 3 and is frictionally joined.

  In the second embodiment, only the bonding member 2 may be driven to rotate and move straight, or both the bonding member 2 and the member to be bonded 3 may be driven to rotate and move straight. When the member 3 to be joined is rotationally driven and moved straight, as in the case of the connecting member 2, the grip is connected to a rotary drive (not shown), and the rotary drive is a straight drive (not shown) Connected to).

  In the friction bonding apparatus according to the first embodiment and the second embodiment described above, the case of rotational friction bonding is described, but the present invention can perform linear friction bonding or ultrasonic friction by changing the configuration of the drive device. It can be applied to other friction joints such as joints. Further, the constraining member 4 is not limited to a substantially cylindrical shape, and may be arbitrarily changed according to the shape of the joining member to be disposed, and may be a substantially square tubular shape, or any other tubular shape. It may be

  The present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiment, and it goes without saying that various modifications can be made without departing from the spirit of the present invention.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 friction welding apparatus 2 joining member 3 joined member 4 restraint member 4a main-body part 4b front-end | tip part 5 support member 6 rectilinear drive device 7 rotation drive device 8 2nd restraint member 41 hollow part 42 expanded part 43 cutting edge 44 recessed part 45 slit 61 Head 71 Drive motor 72 Shaft 73 Gripping portion 81 Hollow portion 82 Expansion portion

Claims (6)

In a friction bonding apparatus which relatively slides and bonds in a state in which a bonding member and a bonding member are in contact with each other at a bonding surface,
A restraint member fixed to the outer surface of the joining member;
The restraint member includes a hollow portion forming a space into which the joining member can be inserted, and an expansion portion formed on the joining surface side to form a space expanded outward from the hollow portion.
Friction bonding apparatus characterized by   The expansion portion may have any one of a shape in which the cross-sectional area increases exponentially, a shape in which the cross-sectional area increases at a constant ratio, and a shape in which the cross-sectional area increases stepwise. Friction bonding device.   The friction bonding device according to claim 1, wherein the restraint member has higher strength than the bonding member.   The friction bonding device according to claim 1, wherein the constraining member comprises a cutting edge disposed on an outer surface adjacent to the extension.   The friction bonding device according to claim 1, wherein the restraining member is configured such that a portion including the expanded portion is detachably attached to a portion including the hollow portion. A second restraint member fixed to the outer surface of the member to be joined is provided, and the second restraint member is formed on the joint surface side with a hollow portion forming a space that can abut on the outer surface of the member to be joined The friction bonding device according to claim 1, further comprising: an expansion portion forming a space expanded outward from the hollow portion.