JP2019110819A - Production method of cell contact substrate - Google Patents

Production method of cell contact substrate Download PDF

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JP2019110819A
JP2019110819A JP2017246740A JP2017246740A JP2019110819A JP 2019110819 A JP2019110819 A JP 2019110819A JP 2017246740 A JP2017246740 A JP 2017246740A JP 2017246740 A JP2017246740 A JP 2017246740A JP 2019110819 A JP2019110819 A JP 2019110819A
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JP7016150B2 (en
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恵彦 祐村
Shigehiko Yumura
恵彦 祐村
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Yamaguchi University NUC
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Abstract

To provide a cell contact substrate which can be produced easily at low cost, and in which cell contact is achieved only on a designated area on the substrate.SOLUTION: A production method of a cell contact substrate comprises following steps in the order: (a) a step for coating a polymer of 2-methacryloyloxy ethyl phosphorylcholine (MPC) on a cell culture substrate; (b) a step for mounting a mask having prescribed shaped holes on the cell culture substrate to which the polymer of MPC is coated; and (c) a step for performing plasma treatment to the cell culture substrate on which the mask is mounted.SELECTED DRAWING: None

Description

本発明は、細胞接着領域と非細胞接着領域とを備えた細胞接着基材の作製方法に関する。   The present invention relates to a method for producing a cell adhesion substrate comprising a cell adhesion region and a non-cell adhesion region.

カバースリップやシャーレなどの培養基板表面上の指定した微小領域にのみ培養細胞を接着又は配列させる技術が現在世界中で研究が進められている。この技術を使えば、細胞の運動、細胞の増殖、細胞死、細胞の分化制御などの観察が可能となるほか、細胞に対する薬剤の効果確認が容易となる。   Technologies for adhering or aligning cultured cells only to designated microregions on the surface of a culture substrate such as coverslips and petri dishes are currently being studied worldwide. Using this technology, it becomes possible to observe cell movement, cell proliferation, cell death, cell differentiation control, etc., and it becomes easy to confirm the effect of drugs on cells.

培養基材表面上に培養細胞を接着又は配列させる技術としては、例えば、基板と、前記基板表面に設けられたポリエチレングリコール層と、前記ポリエチレングリコール層上に配置された細胞外マトリクスを含む、細胞固定化用基板が提案されている(特許文献1参照)。また、光触媒の作用により細胞の接着性が変化する細胞接着性変化材料でカバースリップをコートして、マスクを入れて光照射することでパターン化した接着領域を作製する方法が提案されている(特許文献2参照)。   As a technique for adhering or arranging cultured cells on the surface of a culture substrate, for example, a cell, a substrate, a polyethylene glycol layer provided on the substrate surface, and an extracellular matrix disposed on the polyethylene glycol layer A substrate for immobilization has been proposed (see Patent Document 1). In addition, a method has been proposed in which a cover slip is coated with a cell adhesion change material in which cell adhesion is changed by the action of a photocatalyst, and a patterned adhesion region is formed by light irradiation with a mask inserted ( Patent Document 2).

一方、親水性表面の作製に関し、基盤材料を低温ガスプラズマ中で処理することにより、前記基盤材料に親水性表面を形成することからなる細胞培養基盤作製方法が提案されている(特許文献3参照)。   On the other hand, regarding the preparation of a hydrophilic surface, a method for preparing a cell culture substrate has been proposed, which comprises forming a hydrophilic surface on the substrate material by treating the substrate material in a low temperature gas plasma (see Patent Document 3) ).

特開2012−187072号公報JP, 2012-187072, A 特開2004−344025号公報JP 2004-344025 A 特開平6−303963号公報Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 6-303963

上記特許文献1に記載の方法では、ポリエチレングリコールを用いており、ポリエチレングリコールでは細胞接着を完全に阻害できないという問題があった。さらに、マイクロパターン形成にはインクジェット印刷技術が必要となり、基板の作製は非常に煩雑で、かつ基板自体が高価になるという問題もあった。   In the method described in Patent Document 1, polyethylene glycol is used, and polyethylene glycol has a problem that cell adhesion can not be completely inhibited. Furthermore, the micropattern formation requires an inkjet printing technique, and the preparation of the substrate is very complicated, and the substrate itself is expensive.

また、上記特許文献2に記載の方法では、一時的に細胞を基材上に固定することは可能であるが、光触媒の作用により細胞の接着性が変化するという特殊な細胞接着性変化材料を用いる必要があり高価となるほか、長時間細胞が接着領域に維持することが難しいという問題があった。そのため、例えば運動性の細胞を観察する場合に、細胞が顕微鏡視野から出てしまい、同じ細胞を長時間観察し続けることができないという問題があった。   In addition, in the method described in Patent Document 2, although it is possible to temporarily fix cells on a substrate, a special cell adhesion change material in which cell adhesiveness changes due to the action of a photocatalyst. In addition to being expensive to use, there is a problem that it is difficult to maintain cells in the adhesion area for a long time. Therefore, for example, when observing motile cells, there is a problem that the cells come out of the microscopic field of view and the same cells can not be observed for a long time.

さらに、上記特許文献3に記載の方法は、細胞が接着することは可能であるものの、細胞接着能力が低いという問題があった。   Furthermore, although the method described in Patent Document 3 is capable of adhering cells, there is a problem that the cell adhesion ability is low.

そこで、本発明の課題は、簡便かつ低コストで作製でき、基材上の指定した領域にのみ細胞接着が可能な細胞接着基材を提供することにある。   Therefore, an object of the present invention is to provide a cell adhesion substrate which can be produced simply and at low cost and in which cell adhesion can be made only in a designated region on the substrate.

本発明者らは、上記課題を解決するために鋭意検討を行うなかで、基板上に非細胞接着性の2−メタクリロイルオキシエチルホスホリルコリン(MPC)の重合体を塗布し、その上面の特定の領域を、微細孔を有するマスクをしたうえでプラズマ処理をすることで、プラズマ処理された領域、すなわちマスクをしていない微細孔領域のみにおいて細胞接着が可能な基板を作製することが可能であることを見出し、本発明を完成した。   The present inventors apply non-cell adhesive 2-methacryloyloxyethyl phosphorylcholine (MPC) polymer on a substrate while conducting intensive studies to solve the above problems, and a specific area on the upper surface of the substrate. It is possible to produce a substrate capable of cell adhesion only in a plasma-treated area, that is, an unmasked micropore area, by performing plasma treatment after making a mask having micropores. And completed the present invention.

すなわち、本発明は、以下のとおりである。
(1)以下の工程(a)〜(c)を順次備えることを特徴とする細胞接着基材の作製方法。
(a)細胞培養基板上に2−メタクリロイルオキシエチルホスホリルコリン(MPC)の重合体を塗布する工程;
(b)MPCの重合体を塗布した細胞培養基板上に所定の形状の孔を有するマスクを載せる工程;
(c)マスクを載せた細胞培養基板をプラズマ処理する工程;
(2)2−メタクリロイルオキシエチルホスホリルコリン(MPC)の重合体が、2−メタクリロイルオキシエチルホスホリルコリン(MPC)とブチル(メタ)アクリレートからなる共重合体であることを特徴とする上記(1)記載の細胞接着基材の作製方法。
(3)2−メタクリロイルオキシエチルホスホリルコリン(MPC)とメタクリル酸ブチルの共重合体が、以下の式(II)で示される化合物であることを特徴とする上記(1)又は(2)記載の細胞接着基材の作製方法。
式(II)中、m、nは各構成単位のモル比を示すための数字であり、モル比でm/n=70/30〜90/10である。)
(4)細胞培養基板がガラス製であることを特徴とする上記(1)〜(3)のいずれか記載の細胞接着基材の作製方法。
(5)細胞培養基板の表面が親水化処理されていることを特徴とする上記(1)〜(4)のいずれか記載の細胞接着基材の作製方法。
That is, the present invention is as follows.
(1) A method for producing a cell adhesion substrate, comprising the steps of (a) to (c) below sequentially.
(A) applying a polymer of 2-methacryloyloxyethyl phosphorylcholine (MPC) on a cell culture substrate;
(B) placing a mask having holes of a predetermined shape on a cell culture substrate coated with a polymer of MPC;
(C) plasma treating the cell culture substrate on which the mask is mounted;
(2) The polymer of 2-methacryloyloxyethyl phosphorylcholine (MPC) is a copolymer of 2-methacryloyloxyethyl phosphorylcholine (MPC) and butyl (meth) acrylate, as described in the above (1) Method for producing cell adhesion substrate.
(3) The cell according to the above (1) or (2), wherein the copolymer of 2-methacryloyloxyethyl phosphorylcholine (MPC) and butyl methacrylate is a compound represented by the following formula (II): Method of preparing an adhesive substrate
In formula (II), m and n are numbers for showing the molar ratio of each structural unit, and it is m / n = 70 / 30-90 / 10 in molar ratio. )
(4) The method for producing a cell adhesion substrate according to any one of the above (1) to (3), wherein the cell culture substrate is made of glass.
(5) The method for producing a cell adhesion substrate according to any one of the above (1) to (4), wherein the surface of the cell culture substrate is subjected to a hydrophilization treatment.

本発明により、所望の形状又は大きさの領域のみで細胞が培養可能な基材を簡便かつ低コストで作製可能となる。また、マスクの形状又は大きさは自在に変えることができるため、所望の形状や大きさで細胞を培養して細胞シートを作製することが可能となる。   According to the present invention, it is possible to easily and inexpensively prepare a substrate capable of culturing cells only in a region of a desired shape or size. In addition, since the shape or size of the mask can be freely changed, it is possible to culture cells in a desired shape or size to produce a cell sheet.

本発明における細胞接着基材の作製方法の概略を示す図である。It is a figure which shows the outline of the preparation methods of the cell adhesion base material in this invention. 細胞非接着領域をCellMask Orangeで染色する場合のイメージを示す図である。It is a figure which shows the image in the case of staining cell non-adhesion area | region with CellMask Orange. (a)本発明の細胞接着基材の作製方法によってパターン状に接着領域を作製した培養基材上に細胞性粘菌を含む培養液を載せて、その後培養液を吸引して除去した直後の写真、及び(b)24時間ほど培養後の最後の2時間の動画像を平均化した写真である。(A) A culture solution containing cellular slime molds is placed on a culture substrate on which adhesion regions are formed in a pattern by the method for producing a cell adhesion substrate of the present invention, and then the culture solution is aspirated and removed immediately thereafter. It is the photograph which averaged the photograph and the moving image of the last 2 hours after culture | cultivation for (b) about 24 hours. (a)市販の線状の細胞接着性制御パターンを有する細胞接着基材を用いて、上記と同様に前記細胞接着基材上に細胞性粘菌を含む培養液を載せて、その後培養液を吸引して除去した直後の写真、及び(b)2時間ほど培養した状況の写真である。(A) Using a cell adhesion substrate having a commercially available linear cell adhesion control pattern, the culture solution containing cellular slime mold is placed on the cell adhesion substrate in the same manner as described above, and then the culture solution is It is a photograph immediately after suction and removal, and (b) a photograph of a state of culturing for about 2 hours. (a)細胞粘菌の代わりにアフリカミドリザルの培養細胞であるCos1細胞を用いて、図3と同様に前記細胞接着基材上に該細胞を含む培養液を載せて、その後培養液を吸引して除去した直後の写真、及び(b)24時間ほど培養した状況の写真である。(A) Using Cos1 cells, which are cultured cells of African green monkeys, in place of cell slime mold, a culture solution containing the cells is placed on the cell adhesion substrate in the same manner as in FIG. And (b) a picture of the state of incubation for about 24 hours. (a)マスクの孔としてダイヤ型とし、マスクの孔に沿った形状の細胞シートを作製した結果、(b)マスクの孔としてスペード型とし、マスクの孔に沿った形状の細胞シートを作製した結果を示す図である。(A) As a result of producing a cell sheet of a shape along with the hole of the mask by making a diamond shape as a hole of the mask, (b) making a spade type as a hole of the mask and making a cell sheet of a shape along the hole of the mask It is a figure which shows a result. 蛍光色素(CellMask Orange)で細胞非接着領域を染色して蛍光顕微鏡で観察した結果を示す図である。It is a figure which shows the result of having stained a cell non-adhesion area | region with a fluorescent pigment | dye (CellMask Orange), and observing with a fluorescence microscope.

図1は、本発明における細胞接着基材の作製方法の概略を示す図である。カバースリップに所定の形状の孔(図1では四角)を有するマスクを載せ、プラズマ処理を行う。その結果、プラズマ処理を行った領域(マスクの孔の領域)は細胞接着領域、プラズマ処理を行っていない領域(マスク領域)は細胞非接着領域としてパターン化が可能となる。   FIG. 1 is a view showing an outline of a method for producing a cell adhesion substrate in the present invention. A mask having holes (squares in FIG. 1) of a predetermined shape is placed on the coverslip and plasma treatment is performed. As a result, it is possible to pattern the area subjected to the plasma treatment (the area of the pores of the mask) as a cell adhesion area and the area not subjected to the plasma treatment (a mask area) as a cell non-adhesion area.

また、図2に示すように、CellMask Orangeのような蛍光を発する色素を用いれば、細胞接着領域と細胞非接着領域を区別することが容易となる。   In addition, as shown in FIG. 2, when a dye that emits fluorescence such as CellMask Orange is used, it becomes easy to distinguish between the cell adhesion area and the cell non-adhesion area.

本発明における細胞培養基板の材質としては、細胞を培養でき、細胞を顕微鏡で観察できるものであればよく、顕微鏡観察をする上で透過性の観点から、ガラス、石英、セラミック、サファイナなどの透明無機材料や、ポリスチレン、ポリプロピレン、ポリメタクリルアクリルアミドなどの高分子化合物を好適に挙げることができる。また、細胞培養基板の形状としては特に制限されず、カバースリップ形状、シャーレ形状、ボトムディッシュ形状などを挙げることができる。   As a material of the cell culture substrate in the present invention, any material can be used so long as it can culture cells and can observe cells with a microscope, and from the viewpoint of permeability when conducting microscopic observation, it is transparent such as glass, quartz, ceramic, and sapphire. Inorganic materials and polymer compounds such as polystyrene, polypropylene and polymethacrylacrylamide can be suitably mentioned. Further, the shape of the cell culture substrate is not particularly limited, and examples thereof include a cover slip shape, a petri dish shape, and a bottom dish shape.

上記細胞培養基板は油などの表面の汚れを除去し、その後のMPCなどの重合体の塗布において細胞培養基板と上記重合体との接着性を高めるために親水化処理されていてもよく、親水化処理としては、プラズマ処理や、酸又はアルカリ処理や、有機溶媒処理を挙げることができる。   The cell culture substrate may be subjected to a hydrophilization treatment to remove dirt on the surface such as oil, and to enhance the adhesion between the cell culture substrate and the polymer in the subsequent application of the polymer such as MPC. Examples of the conversion treatment include plasma treatment, acid or alkali treatment, and organic solvent treatment.

本発明における細胞の種類としては原生生物、動物細胞、植物細胞、細菌、酵母を例示することができる。   As cell types in the present invention, protozoa, animal cells, plant cells, bacteria and yeast can be exemplified.

原生生物としては、細胞性粘菌、アメーバ、藻類、繊毛虫を例示することができ、細胞性粘菌としては、キイロタマホコリカビ(Dictyostelium discoideum)の細胞を好適に例示することがでる。動物細胞を用いる場合、由来としてはヒト、サル、マウス、ラット、ハムスター、ウサギ、ヤギ、ヒツジ、ウマ、ブタ、イヌなどの哺乳動物由来を挙げることができ、細胞の種類としてはプライマリー細胞、細胞株、受精卵、神経細胞などの哺乳動物細胞を例示することができる。動物細胞を用いる場合には、接着性細胞でも浮遊性細胞でもよいが、接着性細胞を好適に例示することができる。また、植物細胞としては、ニコチアナ・タバカム、シロイヌナズナ由来の細胞を例示することができる。細菌としては、大腸菌、古細菌、マイコプラズマを例示することができる。なお、細胞や細菌としては、細胞壁溶解酵素などで細胞壁を分解したプロトプラストであることが好ましい。   Protozoa can be exemplified by cellular slime molds, amoebae, algae, ciliates, and as cellular slime molds, cells of Dictyostelium discoideum can be suitably exemplified. When animal cells are used, the origin may be mammalian, such as human, monkey, mouse, rat, hamster, rabbit, goat, goat, sheep, horse, pig, dog, etc. Cell types include primary cells, cells Mammalian cells such as strains, fertilized eggs and neurons can be exemplified. When using animal cells, adherent cells or floating cells may be used, but adherent cells can be suitably exemplified. Moreover, as plant cells, cells derived from Nicotiana tabacum and Arabidopsis thaliana can be exemplified. Examples of bacteria include E. coli, archaea and mycoplasma. The cells and bacteria are preferably protoplasts in which the cell wall is degraded with a cell wall lytic enzyme or the like.

本発明における2−メタクリロイルオキシエチルホスホリルコリン(MPC)の重合体としては、次の式(I)に示すMPC単量体からなる単重合体であっても、MPC単量体とMPC以外の単量体からなる共同重合体であってもよい。   As a polymer of 2-methacryloyloxyethyl phosphorylcholine (MPC) in the present invention, even if it is a homopolymer consisting of an MPC monomer shown in the following formula (I), a single amount other than MPC monomer and MPC It may be a co-polymer consisting of a body.

MPC以外の単量体としては、メチル(メタ)アクリレート、エチル(メタ)アクリレート、ブチル(メタ)アクリレート、ラウリル(メタ)アクリレート、ステアリル(メタ)アクリレート、2−エチルヘキシル(メタ)アクリレート等のアルキル(メタ)アクリレートや、ベンジル(メタ)アクリレート、フェノキシエチル(メタ)アクリレート、シクロヘキシル(メタ)アクリレート、ポリプロピレングリコールモノ(メタ)アクリレート、ポリテトラメチレングリコールモノ(メタ)アクリレート、ポリプロピレングリコールジ(メタ)アクリレート、ポリテトラメチレングリコールモノ(メタ)アクリレート、ポリプロピレングリコールポリエチレングリコールモノ(メタ)アクリレート、メタクリル酸ナトリウム、2−ヒドロキシ−3−メタクリロイルオキシプロピルトリメチルアンモニウムなどを挙げることができ、ブチル(メタ)アクリレートを好適に挙げることができる。なお、上記「(メタ)アクリレート」とは、アクリレート又はメタクリレートを意味する。2−メタクリロイルオキシエチルホスホリルコリン(MPC)とブチル(メタ)アクリレートとの共重合体の例を以下の式(II)に示す。   As monomers other than MPC, alkyl (methyl (meth) acrylate, ethyl (meth) acrylate, butyl (meth) acrylate, lauryl (meth) acrylate, stearyl (meth) acrylate, 2-ethylhexyl (meth) acrylate, etc.) Meta) acrylate, benzyl (meth) acrylate, phenoxyethyl (meth) acrylate, cyclohexyl (meth) acrylate, polypropylene glycol mono (meth) acrylate, polytetramethylene glycol mono (meth) acrylate, polypropylene glycol di (meth) acrylate, Polytetramethylene glycol mono (meth) acrylate, polypropylene glycol polyethylene glycol mono (meth) acrylate, sodium methacrylate, 2-hydroxy 3-methacryloyloxy propyl trimethylammonium like can be illustrated, and butyl (meth) acrylate preferably. In addition, said "(meth) acrylate" means an acrylate or a methacrylate. An example of a copolymer of 2-methacryloyloxyethyl phosphorylcholine (MPC) and butyl (meth) acrylate is shown in the following formula (II).

式(II)中、m、nは各構成単位のモル比を示すための数字であり、モル比でm/n=70/30〜90/10である。)   In formula (II), m and n are numbers for showing the molar ratio of each structural unit, and it is m / n = 70 / 30-90 / 10 in molar ratio. )

本発明のマスクの材質としては、ポリイミド、アルミニウム、ナイロンなどを挙げることができる。マスクの孔は細胞を培養したい領域に合わせて任意の大きさ、形状とすることができる。   Examples of the material of the mask of the present invention include polyimide, aluminum and nylon. The pores of the mask can be of any size and shape to suit the area in which the cells are to be cultured.

上記「細胞培養基板上に2−メタクリロイルオキシエチルホスホリルコリン(MPC)の重合体を塗布する工程」におけるMPC重合体の塗布方法としては特に制限されないが、MPC重合体をエタノールなどの有機溶媒に溶解し、かかる溶解液を、スピンコーターなどの回転式塗布装置を用いて細胞培養基板上に塗布する方法を挙げることができる。   The method of applying the MPC polymer in the step of applying a polymer of 2-methacryloyloxyethyl phosphorylcholine (MPC) onto the cell culture substrate is not particularly limited, but the MPC polymer is dissolved in an organic solvent such as ethanol. The method of applying such a solution onto a cell culture substrate using a rotary coating apparatus such as a spin coater can be mentioned.

上記「マスクを載せた細胞培養基板をプラズマ処理する工程」におけるプラズマ処理時間としては特に制限されないが、10〜60秒、好ましくは20〜40秒を挙げることができる。MPC上では細胞が接着しないが、上記プラズマ処理によって細胞が接着できるようになる。   Although it does not restrict | limit especially as plasma processing time in the above-mentioned "process of carrying out plasma processing of the cell culture substrate which carried a mask", 10 to 60 seconds, preferably 20 to 40 seconds can be mentioned. Although cells do not adhere on MPC, the above-mentioned plasma treatment enables cells to adhere.

以下、実施例により本発明をより具体的に説明するが、本発明の技術的範囲はこれらの
例示に限定されるものではない。
Hereinafter, the present invention will be more specifically described by way of examples, but the technical scope of the present invention is not limited to these examples.

1.培養基材の作製
ガラスボトムディッシュ(D11130H、松浪硝子工業社製)を真空デバイス(PB−1:真空デバイス社製)により、真空引きを1分、その後プラズマ処理(第一プラズマ処理)を30秒間行い、基材表面を親水処理した。プラズマ処理後、スピンコーターを用いて、0.5%のLipidure−CM5206(登録商標)(2−メタクリロイルオキシエチルホスホリルコリンとブチル(メタ)アクリレートの共重合体:日油株式会社)を含むエタノール溶液10μLをカバースリップ上に塗布した。乾燥後、塗布面の上から後述の幅の孔を持ち、厚さ5−15μmのアルミニウム又はポリイミドからなるマスク(松陽産業社製)を載せた。次いで、マスクを載せた上記ガラスボトムディッシュの上面から真空デバイス(PB−10:真空デバイス社製)で30秒間プラズマ処理(第二プラズマ処理)して培養基材を作製した。このプラズマ処理により、プラズマ処理された領域は細胞接着領域となり、プラズマ処理されていない領域(マスクを載せた領域)は細胞非接着領域とした。なお、コントロールとして、第二プラズマ処理なしの培養基材を作製した。
1. Preparation of culture substrate A glass bottom dish (D11130H, manufactured by Matsunami Glass Ind. Co., Ltd.) was evacuated for 1 minute using a vacuum device (PB-1: manufactured by Vacuum Device Co., Ltd.), followed by plasma treatment (first plasma treatment) for 30 seconds Then, the substrate surface was treated to be hydrophilic. After plasma treatment, using a spin coater, 10 μL of an ethanol solution containing 0.5% of Lipidure-CM 5206 (registered trademark) (copolymer of 2-methacryloyloxyethyl phosphorylcholine and butyl (meth) acrylate: NOF Corporation) Was applied on a coverslip. After drying, a mask (made by Matsuyo Sangyo Co., Ltd.) having a thickness of 5 to 15 μm and having holes with a width described later from above the coated surface was placed. Next, plasma treatment (second plasma treatment) was performed for 30 seconds with a vacuum device (PB-10: manufactured by Vacuum Device) from the upper surface of the glass bottom dish on which the mask was mounted, to prepare a culture substrate. By this plasma treatment, the area subjected to plasma treatment becomes a cell adhesion area, and the area not subjected to plasma treatment (area on which the mask is placed) is a cell non-adhesion area. As a control, a culture substrate without the second plasma treatment was prepared.

2.細胞性粘菌の接着
上記で作製した培養基材上に、細胞性粘菌キイロタマホコリカビ(Dictyostelium discoideum)1〜2×10Cells含むHL5培養液2mLを載せて10分以上22℃で静置した。マスクは多数の円形細孔を有するものを用いた。その後培養基材上の培養液を吸引して培養基材に付着しなかった細胞を含む培養液を除去し、さらに1時間、22℃で培養した。培養液を吸引して除去した直後、又はその後引き続き24時間ほど培養した培養基材を位相差顕微鏡で観察した。培養液を吸引して除去した直後の画像、及び24時間培養後の最後の2時間の動画像を平均化した画像をそれぞれ図3(a)、(b)に示す。
2. Adhesion of cellular slime mold 2 mL of HL5 culture solution containing the cellular slime mold Dictyostelium discoideum 1 to 2 × 10 6 cells is placed on the culture substrate prepared above and allowed to stand at 22 ° C. for 10 minutes or more. Placed. The mask used had a large number of circular pores. Thereafter, the culture solution on the culture substrate was aspirated to remove the culture solution containing the cells that did not adhere to the culture substrate, and culture was further performed at 22 ° C. for 1 hour. Immediately after removing the culture solution by aspiration, or after that, the culture substrate cultured for about 24 hours was observed with a phase contrast microscope. The images obtained immediately after removing the culture solution by aspiration and the images obtained by averaging the last 2 hours of moving images after 24 hours of culture are shown in FIGS. 3 (a) and 3 (b), respectively.

図3(a)、(b)に示すように、細胞性粘菌は細胞接着領域に接着し、培養24時間培養後もマスクされていない細胞接着領域のみに接着して培養されていることが確認された。したがって、本発明を用いれば培養する細胞が細胞接着領域にとどまることから細胞の運動を制限できる。また、顕微鏡視野の大きさの接着領域を用意すれば,運動性の細胞を観察する場合に運動領域を制限できるので、細胞が顕微鏡視野から出ることなく長時間細胞の観察を続けることや、細胞運動の軌道を人為的に制御したうえで細胞の行動解析を行うことができる。これにより、細胞周期の全過程の細胞内の分子の動態を追跡することが可能となる。なお、図では示していないが、コントロールの培養基材では、細胞性粘菌が接着せず、培養液を吸引すると培養基材に細胞は残らなかった。   As shown in FIGS. 3 (a) and 3 (b), the cellular slime mold adheres to the cell adhesion area, and adheres to and is cultured only to the cell adhesion area not masked even after the culture for 24 hours. confirmed. Therefore, using the present invention, the movement of cells can be restricted because the cells to be cultured remain in the cell adhesion region. In addition, if the adhesion area of the size of the microscopic field of view is prepared, it is possible to limit the movement area when observing the motile cells, so that the cell can be continuously observed for a long time without coming out of the microscopic field of view Behavioral analysis of cells can be performed after artificially controlling the trajectory of movement. This makes it possible to follow the dynamics of molecules within the cell throughout the cell cycle. Although not shown in the figure, in the control culture substrate, the cellular slime mold did not adhere, and when the culture solution was aspirated, no cells remained in the culture substrate.

3.市販の細胞接着基板との比較
市販の線状の細胞接着性制御パターンを有する細胞接着基板「CytoGraph(登録商標)」(大日本印刷社製)上にHL5培養液で培養した細胞性粘菌(1×10個を載せて10分以上22℃で静置した。制御パターンは幅10μmであった。その後、培養基材上の培養液を吸引して除去し、さらに1時間、22℃で培養した。培養液を吸引して除去した直後、又はその後引き続き2時間培養した培養基材を位相差顕微鏡で観察した。培養液を吸引して除去した直後の画像、及び2時間培養した状況の動画像を平均化した画像をそれぞれ図4(a)、(b)に示す。
3. Comparison with commercially available cell adhesion substrate Cellular slime mold cultured with HL5 culture solution on cell adhesion substrate "CytoGraph (registered trademark)" (made by Dainippon Printing Co., Ltd.) having a commercially available linear cell adhesion control pattern 1 × 10 6 cells were placed and allowed to stand for 10 minutes or more at 22 ° C. The control pattern had a width of 10 μm Thereafter, the culture fluid on the culture substrate was removed by aspiration, and further for 1 hour at 22 ° C. Immediately after the culture was aspirated and removed, or after that, the culture substrate cultured for 2 hours was observed with a phase contrast microscope, the image immediately after the culture was aspirated and removed, and the situation of culture for 2 hours. Images obtained by averaging moving images are shown in FIGS. 4 (a) and 4 (b), respectively.

図4(a)、(b)に示すように、細胞性粘菌を載せた直後は細胞性粘菌が細胞接着性制御パターン領域に接着しているが、その後2時間経過後に、細胞接着性制御パターン以外の領域にも移動していることが確認された。   As shown in FIGS. 4 (a) and 4 (b), immediately after the cellular slime mold is loaded, the cellular slime mold adheres to the cell adhesion control pattern area, but after 2 hours, the cellular adhesion is observed. It was confirmed that the area moved to areas other than the control pattern.

4.Cos1細胞の培養
細胞性粘菌と同様にアフリカミドリザルの培養細胞であるCos1細胞でも培養を行った。マスクは直径100μmの多数の円形細孔を有するもの(松陽産業社製)を用いた以外、上記細胞性粘菌の場合と同様の方法でプラズマ処理及び細胞培養(24時間培養)を行った。結果を図5(a)、(b)に示す。
4. Culture of Cos1 cells Similarly to the cellular slime mold, culture was also performed on Cos1 cells, which are cultured cells of African green monkeys. Plasma treatment and cell culture (culture for 24 hours) were performed in the same manner as in the case of the cellular slime mold except that a mask having a large number of circular pores with a diameter of 100 μm (manufactured by Matsuyo Sangyo Co., Ltd.) was used. The results are shown in FIGS. 5 (a) and 5 (b).

図5(a)、(b)に示すように、細胞性粘菌だけでなく動物細胞においても細胞接着領域のみに接着して培養していることが確認された。また、マスクの孔を任意の形状とすることで細胞接着領域の形状を自由に設計し、任意の領域で細胞を培養できることが確認された。かかる結果から、例えば、図5(a)のように円形の大きな孔を有するマスクを用いれば,この円形の接着領域内に限定して,細胞の運動などを長時間調べることが可能となる。   As shown in FIGS. 5 (a) and 5 (b), it was confirmed that the cells were adhered and cultured only on the cell adhesion region not only in the cellular slime mold but also in the animal cells. Moreover, it was confirmed that the shape of the cell adhesion region can be freely designed by making the holes of the mask into an arbitrary shape, and the cells can be cultured in any region. From this result, for example, if a mask having a large circular hole is used as shown in FIG. 5A, it becomes possible to investigate the movement of cells etc. for a long time, limited to this circular adhesion area.

なお、さらに24時間培養し、増殖が進んで細胞が接着領域に接着しきれないほどの数になった場合には、これらの細胞は基材には接着できずに浮遊した状態となった。しかしながら、浮遊細胞は吸引して除去することで接着領域に接着した細胞を観察可能であった。   When the cells were cultured further for 24 hours and proliferated to reach a number such that the cells could not adhere to the adhesion region, these cells did not adhere to the substrate and floated. However, suspended cells were aspirated and removed to observe cells adhered to the adhesion region.

5.様々な形状のCos1細胞シートの作製
マスクにおいて、幅600μmのダイヤ形やスペード形の孔を有する以外は、上記と同様の方法でプラズマ処理及び細胞培養を行った。結果を図6(a)、(b)に示す。
5. Preparation of Various Shapes of Cos 1 Cell Sheet Plasma treatment and cell culture were carried out in the same manner as described above except that the mask had a diamond-shaped or spade-shaped pore having a width of 600 μm. The results are shown in FIGS. 6 (a) and 6 (b).

図6(a)、(b)に示すとおり、孔の形状に従って、すなわち孔の形状に沿った接着領域内に細胞が増殖し、孔の形状に沿った細胞シートを形成していること、及び非細胞接着領域には細胞が移動していないことが明らかとなった。このように、本発明を用いれば、任意の形状の細胞シートを作製することが可能となることが確認された。   As shown in FIGS. 6 (a) and 6 (b), cells proliferate according to the shape of the hole, ie, in the adhesion region along the shape of the hole, and form a cell sheet along the shape of the hole, It became clear that the cell did not move to the non-cell adhesion area. Thus, it has been confirmed that use of the present invention makes it possible to produce cell sheets of any shape.

6.非接着領域の染色
上記で用いたLipidureはリン脂質類似構造を有するので、リン脂質に結合すると赤い蛍光を発する蛍光色素で染色することができる。上記「1.培養基材の作製」と同様の方法で培養基材を作製し、かかる培養基材上にCellMask Orange(MolecularProbe社製)を加え得て1分、22℃経過後に蛍光顕微鏡で観察した結果を図7に示す。なお、CellMask Orangeはリン脂質に結合すると赤い蛍光を発する色素である。
6. Staining of Non-Adhesive Region The Lipidure used above has a phospholipid-like structure, so it can be stained with a fluorescent dye that emits red fluorescence when bound to a phospholipid. A culture substrate is produced by the same method as the above-mentioned "1. Production of culture substrate", and CellMask Orange (manufactured by Molecular Probe) can be added to the culture substrate, and observed with a fluorescence microscope after 1 minute and 22 ° C. The results are shown in FIG. CellMask Orange is a pigment that emits red fluorescence when bound to phospholipids.

図7から明らかなように、Lipidureにおけるプラズマ処理されていな非接着領域のみが蛍光顕微鏡で観察すると赤く染色されていた。かかる方法により、細胞接着領域と非接着領域の区別がつきやすく、細胞観察をより視認しやすくすることが可能となる。また、細胞のトラッキングを行う場合に、観察対象の細胞や接着領域を探しやすくすることが可能となる。   As apparent from FIG. 7, only non-plasma-treated non-adhered regions in Lipidure were stained red when observed with a fluorescence microscope. According to such a method, it is easy to distinguish between the cell adhesion region and the non-adhesion region, and it becomes possible to make cell observation more visible. Moreover, when performing cell tracking, it becomes possible to make it easy to find cells and adhesion regions to be observed.

7.まとめ
上記結果により、本発明を用いれば、培養基材上に細胞接着領域を多数配置することで「細胞マイクロアレイ」を作製することも可能となる。薬剤の効果を調べるために、従来は96well培養器を用い、それぞれのwellに細胞を接種し、そこに薬剤を投入していた。しかしながら、96wellの培養器に細胞を接種する操作は時間がかかり煩雑であった。一方、シャーレなどの培養基材上に「細胞マイクロアレイ」を形成することができれば、96well培養器を使うことなく一度に薬剤の効果を調べることが可能となる。
7. Summary From the above results, using the present invention, it is also possible to produce a "cell microarray" by arranging a large number of cell adhesion regions on a culture substrate. In order to investigate the effect of the drug, conventionally, cells were inoculated into each well using a 96-well incubator, and the drug was injected into the wells. However, the operation of inoculating cells in a 96-well incubator was time-consuming and complicated. On the other hand, if a "cell microarray" can be formed on a culture substrate such as a petri dish, it becomes possible to investigate the effects of the drug at one time without using a 96-well incubator.

また、本発明を用いれば、「細胞マイクロアレイ」間の細胞のシグナル伝達を細胞間の接着なしで調べることが出来る。細胞同士が接着している場合、細胞接着を通した細胞間コミュニケーションと外液を介した拡散性のサイトカインのような細胞間コミュニケーションとを区別するのは困難である。一方で、本発明では非接着領域には細胞が無いために、非接着領域で細胞を隔てた場合には、確実に細胞同士が非接着となり、細胞接着の影響を除外して細胞間コミュニケーションを調べることができる。   Also, using the present invention, cell signaling between "cell microarrays" can be examined without adhesion between cells. When cells are attached to each other, it is difficult to distinguish between cell-to-cell communication through cell adhesion and cell-to-cell communication such as diffusive cytokines via external fluid. On the other hand, in the present invention, since there is no cell in the non-adhesive area, when the cells are separated in the non-adhesive area, the cells surely become non-adhesive, and the influence of cell adhesion is excluded to perform intercellular communication. It can be examined.

このほか、本発明を用いれば任意の形状、大きさで細胞シートを作製可能であることから、細胞をバイオセンサー、バイオリアクター、人工臓器、再生医療としても利用可能になる。加えて、接着領域のみに細胞が接着することから、実験に必要な細胞数(特に幹細胞等の貴重な細胞種)を最小限とすることや、投与する薬剤を必要最小限の量で足りるというメリットを有するほか、細胞に薬剤が作用しやすくなるため、薬剤の効果検証やスクリーニングとしても有用である。   In addition, since the cell sheet can be produced in any shape and size by using the present invention, the cell can be used as a biosensor, a bioreactor, an artificial organ, and a regenerative medicine. In addition, since cells adhere only to the adhesion area, it is possible to minimize the number of cells required for the experiment (especially valuable cell types such as stem cells) and to minimize the amount of drug to be administered. In addition to having merits, it is also useful as a drug effect verification and screening because the drug is likely to act on cells.

Claims (5)

以下の工程(a)〜(c)を順次備えることを特徴とする細胞接着基材の作製方法。
(a)細胞培養基板上に2−メタクリロイルオキシエチルホスホリルコリン(MPC)の重合体を塗布する工程;
(b)MPCの重合体を塗布した細胞培養基板上に所定の形状の孔を有するマスクを載せる工程;
(c)マスクを載せた細胞培養基板をプラズマ処理する工程;
The manufacturing method of the cell adhesion base material characterized by providing the following processes (a)-(c) one by one.
(A) applying a polymer of 2-methacryloyloxyethyl phosphorylcholine (MPC) on a cell culture substrate;
(B) placing a mask having holes of a predetermined shape on a cell culture substrate coated with a polymer of MPC;
(C) plasma treating the cell culture substrate on which the mask is mounted;
2−メタクリロイルオキシエチルホスホリルコリン(MPC)の重合体が、2−メタクリロイルオキシエチルホスホリルコリン(MPC)とメタクリル酸ブチルからなる共重合体であることを特徴とする請求項1記載の細胞接着基材の作製方法。 2. The cell adhesion substrate according to claim 1, wherein the polymer of 2-methacryloyloxyethyl phosphorylcholine (MPC) is a copolymer of 2-methacryloyloxyethyl phosphorylcholine (MPC) and butyl methacrylate. Method. 2−メタクリロイルオキシエチルホスホリルコリン(MPC)とブチル(メタ)アクリレートの共重合体が、以下の式(II)で示される化合物であることを特徴とする請求項1又は2記載の細胞接着基材の作製方法。
式(II)中、m、nは各構成単位のモル比を示すための数字であり、モル比でm/n=70/30〜90/10である。)
The cell adhesion substrate according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the copolymer of 2-methacryloyloxyethyl phosphorylcholine (MPC) and butyl (meth) acrylate is a compound represented by the following formula (II): How to make it.
In formula (II), m and n are numbers for showing the molar ratio of each structural unit, and it is m / n = 70 / 30-90 / 10 in molar ratio. )
細胞培養基板がガラス製であることを特徴とする請求項1〜3のいずれか記載の細胞接着基材の作製方法。 The method for producing a cell adhesion substrate according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the cell culture substrate is made of glass. 細胞培養基板の表面が親水化処理されていることを特徴とする請求項1〜4のいずれか記載の細胞接着基材の作製方法。 The method for producing a cell adhesion substrate according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the surface of the cell culture substrate is subjected to a hydrophilization treatment.
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WO2022230734A1 (en) * 2021-04-27 2022-11-03 東ソー株式会社 Cell culture substrate and method for producing same, method for inducing differentiation of pluripotent stem cell, and cell culture kit

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