JP2019110752A - Tubular coil, and motor and power generator using the same - Google Patents

Abstract

To provide a tubular coil capable of improving efficiency of electromagnetic induction, a motor and a power generator using the same.SOLUTION: A permanent magnet magnetized in a lengthwise direction of a tubular coil is loosely fitted to the inside of the tubular coil to be obtained by performing molding processing so that a cross-section becomes C-shape or U-shape to coil units 301a, 301b, 301c in which a conductor group with a plurality of conductors arranged in the same direction within a fixed range are arranged so that reverse current alternately flows. Thus, since a magnetic field to be generated by the tubular coil and a direction of magnetization of the permanent magnet coincide with each other, it becomes possible to efficiently use magnetic force. It becomes possible to rotate the permanent magnet by annularly arranging the tubular coil, a motor rotating at high speed and a highly efficient power generator can be provided, it becomes possible to linearly moving the permanent magnet by linearly arranging the tubular coil, and a system of a linear motor car can be provided.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 3

Description

  The present invention relates to a tubular coil suitable for use as a rotation center of a motor and a generator, and a motor and a generator using the same.

  In recent years, from the demand for energy saving, it has been required to improve the efficiency of motors and generators.

  Conventionally, as an electromagnetic induction rotation device based on the above-mentioned viewpoint, there is a thing given in patent documents 1, for example.

  Patent Document 1 discloses an electromagnetic induction rotating device having an air core coil and a magnet and having a ring-shaped rotor rotatably penetrated by the air core coil and a rotation supporting member including a pulley for supporting the rotation of the rotor. Is described.

  The electromagnetic induction rotation device according to Patent Document 1 is configured as a rotation center of a generator, and wire members forming an air core coil are closely gathered in a tunnel shape around a rotor provided with a magnet. With the arrangement, it is intended to obtain high efficiency in electromagnetic induction as well as mechanical small size and light weight.

Utility model registration 3134408 gazette

  In the electromagnetic induction rotation device disclosed in Patent Document 1, a permanent magnet is disposed in a ring shape as a rotor inside a cylindrical coil, but since the coil is cylindrical, the permanent magnet is caused to move circumferentially. Can not arrange the rotation axis of Therefore, in order to rotate the rotor at a predetermined speed, the method of moving the permanent magnet from the outside without contact is adopted, which is not efficient. Furthermore, this causes a problem that the rotation mechanism of the rotor becomes complicated and that miniaturization is difficult. Moreover, in this configuration, it is also difficult to use as a generator.

The present invention has been made to solve such problems, and it is an object of the present invention to provide a tubular coil capable of improving the efficiency of electromagnetic induction, and a motor and a generator using the same.

  According to the present invention, a first conductor group and a second conductor group in which a plurality of conductors are arranged in the same direction, both ends of the individual conductors constituting the first conductor group, and the second A first connection portion and a second connection portion, the first connection portion and the second connection portion being connected to the same direction end portions of the respective ends of the individual conductors constituting the conductor group; A laminated surface formed by laminating one or more coil units in which one conductive path is formed by two conductor groups, the first connection portion, and the second connection portion, and the first connection portion A tubular coil is obtained, characterized in that it is formed in a U-shape or a C-shape in close proximity to the second connection portion.

  According to the present invention, there is provided a stator in which one or more of the tubular coils are electrically connected in an annular or linear shape in which the U-shaped or C-shaped openings are continuous, and It is loosely fitted in the inner peripheral hollow portion of the tubular coil, and is joined to the rotation shaft disposed at the center of the stator via a support member attached so as to insert the opening, and in the circumferential direction of the stator According to the present invention, there is provided a motor comprising a rotor provided with a magnetized permanent magnet and a current control circuit for controlling the current flowing to the stator.

  According to the present invention, the stator and the tubular member are arranged such that one or more of the tubular coils are electrically connected in an annular or linear shape in which the U-shaped or C-shaped openings are continuous. It is loosely fitted in the inner peripheral hollow portion of the coil, and is joined to the rotation shaft disposed at the center of the stator via a support member attached so as to insert the opening, and magnetized in the circumferential direction of the stator And a rotor provided with a permanent magnet.

  That is, in the stator according to the present invention, by adopting the above-mentioned configuration, in the tubular coil unit constituting the stator, currents in opposite directions flow alternately for every adjacent conductor group. Furthermore, even if it is a tubular coil, it has a slit in the direction perpendicular to the flow of current by making it cross-sectional C-shaped or U-shaped, and at least one or more tubular coils are annular or linear I will distribute it and make it a stator. In addition, by stacking a plurality of tubular coils, a large driving force can be obtained.

  The rotor is composed of a permanent magnet fixed to a support member passing through a slit formed by the opening of the tubular coil, and the inner circumferential hollow portion of the tubular coil of the stator is loosely fitted, and the rotor moves in the stator arrangement direction Let's do it. In the case of a stator in which tubular coils are annularly arranged, high speed rotation is also possible if the rotor is provided with a rotating shaft. Moreover, a motor can be comprised by providing the control circuit of the electric current which flows into a tubular coil.

  Since the slit is formed in the tubular coil, the permanent magnet loosely fitted to the inner periphery of the tubular coil can be rotated around the rotation axis. Furthermore, by moving the permanent magnet linearly in the tubular coil, a linear motor can be realized, and a compact motor and linear motor can be realized.

  When an external force is applied to the rotor for high speed rotation or high speed linear motion, it can also be used as a generator. In this case, a rectifier circuit or the like is added in place of the current control circuit of the tubular coil.

  Since the permanent magnet moves in the tubular coil, the moving direction of the permanent magnet coincides with the vector direction of the attractive force and the repulsive force between the coils, so the mutual magnetic forces act efficiently. Also, cogging does not occur because there is no iron core. In the case where the stator is annular, high-speed rotation and downsizing are possible because the rotation axis is at the center of the rotor.

The schematic diagram which shows the magnetic field which arises with a general solenoid coil. The schematic diagram which shows an example of the structure of a tubular coil, and the flow of an electric current. The figure which shows the example of how to wind the conductor of the coil unit used for invention. Sectional drawing which shows the deformation | transformation process of the tubular coil of this invention. The schematic diagram which shows an example of the state of the electric current which flows into the tubular coil of this invention. The front view of an example which applied the tubular coil of this invention to the motor. 7. AA sectional drawing of an example which applied the tubular coil of this invention shown in FIG. 6 to a motor. The figure which shows the Example to an electric vehicle. The figure which shows the Example to a linear motor car. Front view showing an embodiment to a fan

  FIG. 1 is a diagram showing a magnetic field generated by a general solenoid coil. The solenoid coil 101 generates a magnetic field as shown in FIG. 1 and acts between the solenoid coil 101 and the permanent magnet 102 when the permanent magnet 102 is disposed at a position where the magnetic flux inside the solenoid coil 101 is dense. Force works most efficiently. However, it is possible to maintain the motion of the permanent magnet in the solenoid coil if it is a linear reciprocating motion, but it is structurally impossible to pass continuously.

  FIG. 2: is a schematic diagram which shows an example of the structure of the coil to which the electric current of an adjacent conductor turns reverse alternately, and the flow of an electric current. In order for the permanent magnet to pass through the coil continuously, the structure of the coil 201 provided with the slits 203 as shown in FIG. 2 can be considered. However, since the direction of the current flowing through the conductor 202 is alternately reversed in this case, the generated magnetic field is canceled.

  In order to prevent the magnetic field from being canceled, the direction and the direction of the magnetic field are made to be the same in a certain range, and to move the permanent magnet arranged inside the coil continuously, the magnetic field in the adjacent range It is considered necessary to reverse the direction of. FIG. 3 is a view showing an example of winding of a conductor of a coil unit used in the present invention.

  Here, FIG. 3 (a) is a spiral type, and FIG. 3 (b) is referred to as a cascade type because the conductors are biased in the same direction and direction at regular intervals. Moreover, FIG.3 (c) is a random type. In any type of coil unit 301a, 301b, 301c, the first conductor groups 302a, 302c, 302e and the second conductor groups 302b, 302d, 302f are connected to the first connecting portions 303a, 303c, 303e and the first The two connection portions 303b, 303d, and 303f are connected to form one conductive path, and currents in mutually opposite directions flow in the first conductor group and the second conductor group.

  With such a structure, it is possible to generate a magnetic field corresponding to the width of the individual reversely oriented conductor groups. Moreover, it is possible to intensify a magnetic field by laminating | stacking the coil unit shown in FIG. 3 in the orthogonal | vertical direction of the paper surface which drew the figure.

  FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view showing a deformation process of the tubular coil of the present invention. The coil unit wound as shown in FIG. 3 is rotated 90 degrees in the clockwise direction, and forces are applied from the upper and lower ends as shown in FIG. It shows the situation. By subjecting the coil unit to such processing, a tubular coil 401 provided with a slit can be obtained.

  FIG. 5 is a schematic view showing an example of the state of current flowing in the tubular coil of the present invention. As described above, since the direction of the current is reversed for each group of conductors, it is possible to obtain magnetic fields which are reversed in direction in each fixed range and are not mutually cancelled.

  6 is a front view of an example applied to a motor using four tubular coils of the present invention, and FIG. 7 is a cross-sectional view taken along line AA of FIG. However, in FIG. 7, the container 608 not shown in FIG. 6 is indicated by a two-dot chain line. The tubular coils 601a, 601b, 601c, and 601d are annularly arranged, and permanent magnets 602a, 602b, 602c, and 602d fixed to the support member 603 are provided on the inner peripheral portions of the tubular coils 601a, 601b, 601c, and 601d. It is placed at an interval of 90 degrees.

  The direction and direction of the magnetic field generated by the tubular coils 601a, 601b, 610c and 601d are arrows 609a, 609b, 609c, 609d, 609e, 609f and 609h, and the directions of magnetization of the permanent magnets 602a, 602b, 602c and 602d and The orientation is indicated by arrows 610a, 610b, 610c, 610d. As shown here, the direction of the magnetic field generated by each tubular coil is opposite to the center of the tubular coil.

  The four tubular coils 601a, 601b, 610c, and 601d are electrically connected in series, and when current flows in a certain direction, a magnetic field is directed in the direction and direction of arrows 609a, 609b, 609c, 609d, 609e, 609f, 609g, and 609h. Occurs. The four permanent magnets 602a, 602b, 602c, 602d are attracted to the same polarity portion of the tubular coil 601a, 601b, 610c, 601d and the opposite polarity portion of the tubular coil 601a, 601b, 601c, 601d. A repulsive force is generated.

  By detecting the positions of the four permanent magnets 602a, 602b, 602c, and 602d by the magnetic sensor 606, the directions of the current flowing through the tubular coils 601a, 601b, 601c, and 601d are alternately changed. The rotor of the structure provided with the support member which joined the magnet 602a, 602b, 602c, 602d to the periphery starts rotation. The higher the current, the greater the attraction and repulsion power, and hence the higher the rotational speed. It is also possible to control the number of rotations of the rotor by frequency control of the signal of the magnetic sensor 606 and the power supply.

  The above is the case of using as a motor. However, when using as a generator, the magnetic sensor 606 is not necessary, and in the case of direct current, electromotive force from tubular coils connected in series can be rectified to take out electric power. Since there is no cogging, there is an advantage that even weak winds can be generated in wind power generation and weak water flow in hydropower generation.

  The material of the permanent magnet used in the present invention is not particularly limited. However, among the permanent magnets currently on the market, a neodymium magnet having the best magnetic properties is preferable in order to obtain a large rotational force and power generation. The centrifugal force has a large effect on the part where the support member 603 and the four permanent magnets 602a, 602b, 602c, 602d are fixed, so the fixed part is integrated so that it does not easily receive air resistance. Is desirable.

  Since the tubular coil support member 607 fixes the tubular coils 601a, 601b, 601c, and 601d from the inner peripheral side, a robust nonmagnetic material that is not easily damaged even when in contact with the permanent magnets 602a, 602b, 602c, and 602d Use it. The housing 608 may be desirably made of a material that doubles as a magnetic shield.

  An embodiment for an electric car is shown in FIG. Conventionally, an induction motor or the like is used as a drive source of an electric vehicle. In that case, the direct current from the battery is converted to an alternating current, and the rotation speed is controlled by frequency control. In this case, there are an on-board type motor at one place and an in-wheel type in which the motor is held in the wheel of the tire.

  Furthermore, there are a reduction gear method and a direct drive method in the in-wheel type. The application this time is an in-wheel direct drive system. As the distance from the axle 804 to the permanent magnet 803 is increased, the torque is increased, so that there is an advantage that the direct drive system can be easily achieved.

  An embodiment for a linear motor car is shown in FIG. When the magnetic field in the tubular coil 902 and the polarity of the permanent magnet 903 are opposite, when a repulsive force acts, a force to push out the permanent magnet 903 and a force to move away from the inner surface of the tubular coil 902 work.

  When the vehicle is moving at a low speed, this force has little effect, but when moving at a high speed, a force acts to move the permanent magnet 903 away from the inner surface of the tubular coil 902 continuously. As a result, the force to float the vehicle 901 works.

  An embodiment for a fan is shown in FIG. A small coil 1003 is disposed on the rotor connected to the permanent magnet 1004, which is composed of a tubular coil 1002 annularly arranged around the upper periphery and a permanent magnet 1004 passing therethrough.

  By this, air near the outer periphery is sent to the front by the wing 1003. This utilizes the Coanda effect, and the internal air is also sent to the front as the air around the air moves.

Motors and generators are used everywhere in daily life, and raising their efficiency is a great contribution to society. The present invention originates from changing the common sense that "coils are closed". It can be easily understood that the efficiency of the electromagnetic induction is increased if the permanent magnet passes through the coil. Furthermore, since there is no iron core, it can be reduced in weight without loss and cogging.

  As described above, according to the present invention, it is possible to provide a motor and a generator with higher efficiency than in the prior art. The present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiment and examples, but is a summary of the present invention including various modifications and corrections that can be conceived by those who have ordinary knowledge in the field of the present invention. Of course, even if there are design changes in a range that does not deviate from the above, they are included in the present invention.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 101 solenoid coil 102, 402, 602a, 602b, 602c, 602d, 803, 903, 1004 permanent magnet 201 coil 202 conductor 203 slit 301a, 301b, 301c coil unit 302a, 302c, 302e 1st conductor group 302b, 302d, 302f Second conductor group 303a, 303c, 303e First connection portion 303b, 303d, 303f Second connection portion 404, 604 Rotating shaft 401, 601a, 601b, 601c, 601d, 802, 902, 1002 Tubular coil 603 Support member 605 bearings 606 magnetic sensors 607 tubular coil support members 608 housings 609 a, 609 b, 609 c, 609 d, 609 e, 609 f, 609 h, 610 a, 610 b, 610 c, 610 d arrows 80 Tire 804 axle 805 stator 901 vehicle 904 wheels (at a low speed, for emergency)
1001 fans 1003 feathers

Claims (3)

  A first conductor group and a second conductor group in which a plurality of conductors are arranged in the same direction, both ends of individual conductors constituting the first conductor group, and the second conductor group The first conductor group, the second conductor group, the first conductor group, and the second conductor group, comprising: a first connection portion and a second connection portion in which the respective ends of the individual conductors are connected to the same direction end portions. The first connection portion and the second connection portion are laminated surfaces formed by laminating one or more coil units in which a first connection portion and a second connection portion form one conductive path. A tubular coil characterized in that it is formed into a close U-shape or C-shape.   A stator comprising one or more of the tubular coil disposed in an annular or straight, electrically connected state in which a U-shaped or C-shaped opening is continuous, and an inner circumferential hollow of the tubular coil A permanent magnet which is loosely fitted to a portion and is joined to a rotation shaft disposed at the center of the stator via a support member attached so as to insert the opening, and magnetized in the circumferential direction of the stator And a current control circuit for controlling the current flowing through the stator.   A stator comprising one or more of the tubular coil disposed in an annular or straight, electrically connected state in which a U-shaped or C-shaped opening is continuous, and an inner circumferential hollow of the tubular coil A permanent magnet which is loosely fitted to a portion and is joined to a rotation shaft disposed at the center of the stator via a support member attached so as to insert the opening, and magnetized in the circumferential direction of the stator A generator characterized by having a rotor.