JP2019108903A - High-pressure tank - Google Patents

Abstract

To provide a high-pressure tank which can suppress the lowering of the fatigue strength of a metal-made liner.SOLUTION: A high-pressure tank 1 comprises a metal-made liner 2 for accommodating gas, a reinforcing layer 3 arranged at a periphery of the liner 2, and adhesion layers 4 arranged between the liner 2 and the reinforcing layer 3. The liner 2 has a cylindrical flank body 21 and dome-shaped side end parts 22, 22 which are continuously formed on both sides of the flank body 21. The adhesion layers 4 for joining the reinforcing layer 3 and the liner 2 are formed on surfaces on at least boundary regions 23, 23 between the flank body 21 and the side end parts 22 of a surface of the liner 2, and the reinforcing layer 3 is arranged on a surface of an internal region 24 located between the boundary regions 23 on both sides of the liner 2 of the surface of the liner 2 not via the adhesion layers 4.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 1

Description

  The present invention relates to a high pressure tank comprising a liner for containing gas and a reinforcing layer disposed on the outer periphery of the liner.

  For example, in natural gas vehicles or fuel cell vehicles, high pressure tanks for storing high pressure gas serving as fuel are used. As a high pressure tank of this type, Patent Document 1 discloses a high pressure tank provided with a metal liner for containing gas and a reinforcing layer disposed on the outer periphery of the liner. The metal liner of the high pressure tank has a cylindrical body portion and dome-shaped side end portions formed continuously on both sides of the body portion.

JP, 2016-176735, A

  As compared with a resin liner, a metal liner as described in Patent Document 1 is less likely to expand and contract with respect to the internal pressure of a high pressure tank. Here, for example, stress is applied along the axial direction of the high pressure tank to the side end of the liner (mainly in the vicinity of the base) due to the pressure of the gas in the high pressure tank. And deformation of the reinforcement layer follow. However, in the boundary region between the body portion and the side end, due to its shape, the liner can not follow the reinforcing layer, and a gap may be generated in this portion. That is, in the portion where this gap is generated, only the liner is repeatedly subjected to the gas pressure of the high pressure tank as the gas is charged and discharged, and stress is more likely to be concentrated as compared with other portions, thereby causing distortion of the liner. As a result, the deformation strength of the liner may be reduced.

  The present invention has been made in view of the above points, and provides a high pressure tank capable of suppressing a decrease in fatigue strength of a metal liner.

  In order to solve the above problems, the present invention provides a metal liner for containing gas, a reinforcing layer disposed on the outer periphery of the liner, and an adhesive layer disposed between the liner and the reinforcing layer. A high pressure tank, the liner having a cylindrical body portion and dome-shaped side ends continuously formed on both sides of the body portion, the surface of the liner being Among them, an adhesive layer for adhering the reinforcing layer and the liner is formed on the surface of at least the boundary region between the body portion and the side end portions, and the surface of the liner may be formed of an adhesive layer. The reinforcing layer is disposed on the surface of the inner region located between the boundary regions on both sides of the liner without the adhesive layer interposed therebetween.

  According to the present invention, when stress is applied to the high-pressure tank at the side end of the liner (mainly in the vicinity of the mouthpiece) by the pressure of the gas in the high-pressure tank, the liner and the reinforcing layer are The deformation of follows. At this time, since the reinforcing layer and the liner are bonded by the adhesive layer on the surface of the boundary region between the body portion and the side end, the reinforcing layer and the liner deform uniformly, and a gap is formed in this portion Does not occur. Therefore, in the boundary area, the liner distortion can be reduced because the pressure of the gas is not repeatedly received only by the liner. For this reason, it is possible to suppress a decrease in the fatigue strength of the liner.

(A) is typical sectional drawing of the high pressure tank which concerns on 1st Embodiment, (b) is a typical expanded sectional view of adhesion layer vicinity. (A) is typical sectional drawing of the high pressure tank which concerns on the modification of 1st Embodiment, (b) is a typical expanded sectional view of adhesion layer vicinity.

  Hereinafter, an embodiment of the present invention and its modification will be described with reference to FIGS. 1 and 2. FIG. 1A is a schematic cross-sectional view of the high pressure tank 1 according to the first embodiment, and FIG. 1B is a schematic enlarged cross-sectional view of the vicinity of the adhesive layer 4.

  The high pressure tank 1 according to the present embodiment is used for a natural gas vehicle or a fuel cell vehicle. As shown in FIG. 1A, the high pressure tank 1 of this embodiment includes a liner 2, a reinforcing layer 3 disposed on the outer periphery of the liner 2, and an adhesive disposed between the liner 2 and the reinforcing layer 3. And a layer 4.

  The liner 2 is a portion also referred to as an inner shell or an inner container of the high pressure tank 1, and contains a gas inside. As the gas to be stored, fuel gas or hydrogen gas can be mentioned.

  In the present embodiment, the liner 2 is a metal liner. As a metal which comprises the liner 2, aluminum alloy, steel, etc. can be mentioned. As an aluminum alloy, an Al-Mg-Si type alloy etc. can be mentioned, for example. As steel, stainless steel etc. can be mentioned, for example.

  The liner 2 has a body portion 21 and side end portions 22, 22. The body portion 21 has a cylindrical shape extending along the axial center X of the high pressure tank 1 shown in FIG. 1A of the high pressure tank 1 with a predetermined length. The side ends 22, 22 have a dome-like shape continuously formed on both sides of the body portion 21. Each side end portion 22 is reduced in diameter as it goes away from the body portion 21, and openings 22a, 22a are formed at the center of the most reduced diameter portion, and the mouthpieces 5, 5 are formed in the openings 22a, 22a. It is formed.

  The reinforcing layer 3 constitutes an outer wall of the body portion 21 and each side end 22. The reinforcing layer 3 is formed by winding the resin-impregnated fiber bundle around the liner 2 by hoop winding and helical winding so as to cover the outer surface of the liner 2.

  Examples of the material of the reinforcing layer 3 include those in which reinforcing fibers are impregnated with a thermoplastic resin or a thermosetting resin. As the reinforcing fiber, glass fiber, carbon fiber, or aramid fiber can be mentioned. Examples of the thermoplastic resin include polyester resins, polypropylene resins, and nylon resins. As a thermosetting resin, an epoxy resin, a vinyl ester resin, etc. can be mentioned.

  As shown in FIG. 1B, in the present embodiment, the reinforcing layer 3 and the liner 2 are provided on the surface of at least the boundary regions 23 and 23 between the body portion 21 and each side end 22 in the surface of the liner 2. Adhesive layers 4, 4 are formed to bond with each other. That is, the reinforcing layer 3 is wound on the surface of the boundary region 23 via the adhesive layer 4.

  Each boundary region 23 in which the adhesive layer 4 is formed is directed to both sides of each mouthpiece 5 and the inner region 24 along the axial center X of the high pressure tank 1 with the boundary P shown in FIG. It is extended. The boundary P is a position where the transition from the cylindrical body portion 21 to the dome-like side end portions 22 is made. The width d of each adhesive layer 4 is preferably 2.5% with respect to the total length L of the high pressure tank 1 with the boundary P at the center. Here, the total length L of the high pressure tank 1 is, as shown in FIG. 1A, along the axial center X of the high pressure tank 1, from the end of one base 5 to the end of the other base 5 It is the length up to.

  Further, in the present embodiment, the reinforcing layer 3 is disposed on the surface of the inner region 24 located between the boundary regions 23 on both sides of the liner 2 in the surface of the liner 2 without the adhesive layer 4. There is. That is, the adhesive layer 4 is not formed on the surface of the inner region 24 of the surface of the liner 2, and the reinforcing layer 3 is wound.

  The range of the adhesive strength of the adhesive layer 4 is in the range of 10 MPa to 90 GPa in consideration of the stress σz applied along the axial center X of the high pressure tank 1 by the following equation 1 Is preferred.

σ z = (Pr) / (2t) (Equation 1)
Here, P is the internal pressure of the high pressure tank, r is the inner radius of the liner, and t is the thickness of the liner.

  As a material of the adhesive layer 4, an adhesive which does not corrode the metal of the liner 2 is preferable. An epoxy resin etc. can be mentioned specifically ,. Further, the adhesive layer 4 may use a resin different from the resin constituting the reinforcing layer 3.

  By the way, when the internal pressure of the liner 2 is increased by the gas filled in the liner 2, the pressure of the gas in the high pressure tank 1 causes stress along the axis X of the high pressure tank 1 near the cap 5 of the liner 2. In the vicinity of the mouthpiece 5 of the liner 2, the deformation of the liner 2 and the reinforcing layer 3 follows.

  Here, in the conventional high-pressure tank (high-pressure tank not provided with the adhesive layer 4), the liner can not follow the reinforcing layer in the boundary region between the body and the side end due to its shape. There may be gaps in this part. In the portion where the gap is generated, only the liner is repeatedly subjected to the gas pressure of the high pressure tank with the filling and discharging of the gas, which may lower the fatigue strength of the liner.

  On the other hand, according to the present embodiment, when stress is applied along the axial center X of the high pressure tank 1 in the vicinity of the base 5 of the side end of the liner 2 by the pressure of the gas in the high pressure tank 1 In the vicinity of the mouthpiece 5 of the liner 2, the deformation of the liner 2 and the reinforcing layer 3 follows.

  At this time, in the boundary region 23 between the body portion 21 and the side end portion 22, since the reinforcing layer 3 and the liner 2 are bonded by the adhesive layer 4, the reinforcing layer 3 and the liner 2 deform uniformly. There is no gap in this part as before. Therefore, the strain of the liner 2 can be reduced because this portion does not repeatedly receive the pressure of the gas only with the liner 2. As a result, the decrease in fatigue strength of the liner 2 can be suppressed.

  Further, according to the present embodiment, the surface of the liner 2 is not formed on the surface of the inner region 24 located between the boundary regions 23 on both sides of the liner 2 among the surfaces of the liner 2. The reinforcement layer 3 is directly disposed. Thereby, the cost of the high pressure tank 1 can be reduced as compared with the case of bonding the entire surface between the reinforcing layer 3 and the liner 2 including the inner region 24.

  Furthermore, according to the present embodiment, when using a material (such as carbon fiber) that easily corrodes the metal liner 2 (galvanic corrosion) for the reinforcement layer 3, the space between the liner 2 and the reinforcement layer 3 is used. Since the corrosion resistant adhesive layer 4 is provided, the corrosion of the liner 2 from the reinforcing layer 3 can be reduced as compared with the case where the adhesive layer 4 is not provided.

  Hereinafter, a method of manufacturing the high pressure tank 1 according to the present embodiment will be described. First, in the manufacturing method of the present embodiment, the liner 2 is prepared. In the preparation step, a body member corresponding to the body portion 21 and two side end members corresponding to the respective side ends 22 are prepared. In each side end member, openings 22a, 22a are formed at the most reduced diameter top, and mouthpieces 5, 5 are formed in each opening 22a. Next, the side end members are joined to both ends of the body member by welding or the like. In the liner 2 thus prepared, as shown in FIGS. 1A and 1B, an inner area 24 is formed between two boundary areas 23.

  After the preparation process, the adhesive layer 4 is formed. In the adhesive layer forming step, an uncured adhesive made of a thermosetting resin to be the adhesive layer 4 is applied to the surfaces of the boundary regions 23 of the surface of the liner 2 prepared in the preparation step.

  Next to the adhesive layer forming step, the reinforcing layer 3 is formed. In the reinforcing layer forming step, a fiber bundle which is to be the reinforcing layer 3 and is impregnated with the uncured thermosetting resin is prepared. The fiber bundle is wound on the surface of the liner 2 in layers by hoop winding and helical winding by a filament winding method (FW method). Thereafter, the high pressure tank 1 is heated to cure the uncured thermosetting resin of the reinforcing layer 3 and the uncured thermosetting resin of the adhesive layer 4. Thereby, the liner 2 and the reinforcing layer 3 are adhered via the adhesive layer 4. Thus, the high pressure tank 1 shown in FIGS. 1 (a) and 1 (b) can be manufactured.

  Next, with reference to FIGS. 2A and 2B, a modified example of the high pressure tank 1 of the present embodiment will be described below. Fig.2 (a) is typical sectional drawing of the high pressure tank 1 which concerns on the modification of 1st Embodiment, FIG.2 (b) is a typical expanded sectional view of adhesion layer 4 vicinity.

  As shown in FIGS. 2 (a) and 2 (b), the high pressure tank 1 according to this modification is different from that of the above-described embodiment in the surface of the boundary region 23, 23 of the surface of the liner 2. In addition, the adhesive layer 4 is formed also on the surface of the end regions 25 of the side end 22. Therefore, the differences will be described below, and the same members and parts as those of the above-described embodiment are denoted by the same reference numerals, and the detailed description thereof will be omitted.

  In this modification, in addition to the surfaces of the boundary regions 23, the adhesive layer 4 is formed on the surfaces of the end regions 25, 25. The end region 25 is a continuous region from the end on the side of each cap 5 of each boundary area 23 to each cap 5, and is an area in which the reinforcing layer 3 is covered. Therefore, in this modification, the reinforcing layer 3 and the liner 2 are bonded by the adhesive layer 4 formed on the surfaces of the boundary regions 23 and 23 to the end regions 25 and 25.

  As a result, since the reinforcing layer 3 and the liner 2 are integrally deformed in the continuous portion up to the boundary region 23 and the end region 25, as described above, the decrease in the fatigue strength of the liner 2 is more reliably suppressed. be able to.

<CAE analysis>
The inventor made models of a high pressure tank having an adhesive layer formed on the entire surface of the liner as a reference example and a high pressure tank having no adhesive layer at all as a comparative example, and performed CAE analysis. In this model, the inner diameter of the liner is 300 mm, and the thickness of the liner 2 is 4 mm.

  The physical property value of the aluminum alloy material (A6061-T6) was used as the physical property value of the liner, and the physical property value of CFRP in which the carbon fiber was impregnated with the epoxy resin was used as the physical property value of the reinforcing layer.

  In the case of the reference example, instead of providing the adhesive layer, analysis was performed under the condition in which the deformation of the boundary between the liner and the reinforcing layer was restrained. On the other hand, in the case of the comparative example, since the adhesive layer was not provided, analysis was performed under the condition of independent deformation without constraining the deformation of the boundary between the liner and the reinforcing layer. In this analysis, the internal pressure of the high pressure tank was 87.5 MPa.

  As a result of performing the CAE analysis of the test body according to the reference example and the comparative example, the stress is maximized at the shoulder of the liner, that is, the boundary region in both cases, and the stress is about 40% in the reference example compared to the comparative example. It was reduced.

  As a result, in the shoulder portion of the liner of the reference example, the adhesive layer restrains the reinforcing layer and the liner so that no gap is generated at the shoulder portion, thereby reducing the strain at the shoulder portion and the stress applied to the liner. Is reduced. Therefore, it is considered that the decrease in the fatigue strength of the liner can be suppressed by providing at least the adhesive layer on the surface of the boundary region.

  As mentioned above, although one embodiment of the present invention was explained in full detail, the present invention is not limited to the above-mentioned embodiment, It is a range which does not deviate from the spirit of the present invention indicated in a claim. It is possible to make design changes.

  1: High-pressure tank, 2: Liner, 3: Reinforcement layer, 4: Adhesive layer, 21: Body, 22: Side end, 23: Boundary area, 24: Internal area

Claims (1)

A high pressure tank comprising: a metal liner for containing gas; a reinforcing layer disposed on an outer periphery of the liner; and an adhesive layer disposed between the liner and the reinforcing layer.
The liner has a cylindrical body portion and domed side end portions formed continuously on both sides of the body portion,
In the surface of the liner, on the surface of at least the boundary region between the body portion and each side end, an adhesive layer for bonding the reinforcing layer and the liner is formed.
The high-pressure tank is characterized in that the reinforcing layer is disposed on the surface of the inner region of the surface of the liner located between the boundary regions on both sides of the liner without interposing the adhesive layer. .

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