JP2019107615A - Crusher - Google Patents

Abstract

To provide a crusher which can crush coagulated wet powder to a target grain size or less, and can be continuously operated.SOLUTION: A crusher 18, which is provided at an exhaust port of a screw feeder part 16 which feeds powder and crushes the powder, has an introduction port for introduction of powder discharged from the screw feeder part 16, and an internal space. The crusher comprises: a screen 24 in which plural holes for passage of powder which are introduced from the introduction port and via the internal space are formed; and an injection part 26 which injects compressed air from the introduction port side toward the internal space.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 2

Description

  The present invention relates to a disintegrator for disintegrating powder conveyed by a screw feeder.

  As a pulverizing apparatus for pulverizing powder transported by a screw feeder, for example, an apparatus (see, for example, Patent Document 1) or the like provided with a screw body provided at the tip of the screw feeder has been proposed. In the apparatus described in Patent Document 1, the powder conveyed by the screw feeder is crushed by rotating a screw body provided at the tip of the screw feeder, and the crushed powder is fed out in the conveying direction. There is.

Patent No. 3625639

  By the way, when the wet powder is dried, the smaller the size of the agglomerate of the wet powder, the shorter the drying time, and the more uniform, the more efficient the drying. Therefore, it is necessary to break up the agglomerated wet powder into fine and uniform size before drying. In addition, even when the powder is dissolved in a solvent, if the size of the powder is large or nonuniform, it may be broken, so it is necessary to finely break the powder into a uniform size before dissolution. There is.

  Here, in the apparatus described in Patent Document 1, the powder is transported by rotating a screw body provided at the tip of the screw feeder. However, the particle size of the agglomerated wet powder conveyed by the screw feeder and crushed by the screw body is not constant, and it is also difficult to make the agglomerated wet powder smaller than the target particle size. Moreover, it is a known crusher other than the device described in Patent Document 1 (crusher equipped with a screen or the like for crushing to the target particle size or less), and the diameter of aggregated wet powder is broken to 5 mm or less There are devices that can be crushed and operated continuously. However, even with these disintegrators, when attempting to disintegrate the agglomerated wet powder to a diameter of 2 mm or less, continuous operation such as clogging of the screen was impossible.

  An object of the present invention is to provide a crusher which can crush agglomerated wet powder to a desired particle size or less and can be operated continuously.

  The disintegrating apparatus of the present invention is a disintegrating apparatus which is provided at an outlet of a screw feeder which supplies powder, and which disintegrates the powder, and which introduces the powder discharged from the screw feeder A screen having a mouth and an inner space, a plurality of holes formed through the inlet and passing the powder through the inner space, and compressed air from the inlet toward the inner space And an injection unit for injecting.

  Further, in the crushing apparatus of the present invention, the opposing surface of the screen facing the surface formed by the inlet is circular, and extends from the inlet side toward the opposing surface, and the inner wall portion of the screen The screen and the crushing member may be relatively rotatable about the center of the facing surface.

  The disintegrating device of the present invention is characterized in that the screen is attached to a shaft of the screw feeder and rotates relative to the disintegrating device about the center of the opposing surface as an axis.

  Further, the crushing apparatus of the present invention is characterized in that the crushing member is in the shape of a triangular prism, and the apex of the triangle is disposed on the inner wall.

  In the crusher according to the present invention, the crusher may be integrally formed with the discharge port for discharging the powder from the screw feeder or the screw feeder and a member having a jet hole for jetting the compressed air in the jetting unit. It is characterized in that it is formed.

  Moreover, the crushing apparatus of this invention is characterized by the diameter of the said hole being 2 mm or less.

  According to the present invention, it is possible to provide a crusher capable of crushing agglomerated wet powder to a target particle size or less and capable of operating continuously.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS It is a figure which shows schematic structure of the powder supply system which concerns on embodiment. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS It is sectional drawing which shows schematic structure of the powder supply apparatus which concerns on embodiment. It is a figure for demonstrating the structure of the crushing apparatus which concerns on embodiment. It is a figure for demonstrating the structure of the crushing apparatus which concerns on embodiment. It is a figure for demonstrating the structure of the screen which concerns on embodiment. It is a figure for demonstrating the structure of the injection part which concerns on embodiment. It is a figure for demonstrating the structure of the injection part which concerns on embodiment. It is a figure for demonstrating the structure of the other crushing member which concerns on embodiment. It is a figure for demonstrating the structure of the other crushing member which concerns on embodiment.

  Hereinafter, a powder supply system according to an embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 is a view showing a schematic configuration of a powder supply system according to an embodiment. The powder supply system 2 which concerns on this embodiment is provided with the powder supply apparatus 4 and the powder collection apparatus 6, as shown in FIG. In the powder supply system 2, the powder is supplied by the powder supply device 4, and is collected by the powder collection device 6 provided with the filter 10 and the blower 12 through the powder transport pipe 8. The powder collection device 6 is not particularly limited as long as it can collect the powder transported from the powder supply device 4 through the powder transport pipe 8, for example, the filter 10. Alternatively, another collection device such as a cyclone may be used.

  FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view showing a schematic configuration of the powder supply device 4. As shown in FIG. 2, the powder feeding device 4 includes a hopper 14, a screw feeder unit 16 and a crushing device 18. In the following description, an XYZ orthogonal coordinate system is set, and the description will be made with reference to this XYZ orthogonal coordinate system. In the XYZ orthogonal coordinate system, as shown in FIG. 2, the X axis is parallel to the direction in which the powder is conveyed by the screw feeder unit 16, and the XY plane is parallel to the horizontal plane. Is set parallel to the vertical direction, and the Y axis is set perpendicular to the ZX plane.

  The hopper 14 is provided with an inlet (not shown) for charging the powder into the hopper 14. The screw feeder unit 16 is provided on the −Z direction side in the hopper 14 and conveys (supplys) the powder charged into the hopper 14. The screw feeder unit 16 has a shaft 22 on which the screw 20 is formed, and the shaft 22 is configured to be rotatable by a motor (not shown) with the X axis as a rotation shaft. The crushing apparatus 18 is provided in the front-end | tip part (discharge port) of the screw feeder part 16, as shown in FIG. The crusher 18 crushes the powder fed from the inlet of the hopper 14 and conveyed by the screw 20.

  FIGS. 3 and 4 are diagrams for describing the configuration of the crushing apparatus 18, FIG. 3 is an external view as viewed from the + X direction side, and FIG. 4 is an external view as viewed from the + Y direction side. As shown in FIGS. 3 and 4, the crusher 18 jets compressed air from the −X direction toward the screen 24 and the screen 24 which crush and discharge the powder discharged from the screw feeder unit 16. The injection unit 26 is provided.

  FIG. 5 shows the structure of the screen 24. As shown in FIG. As shown in FIGS. 3 to 5, the screen 24 includes a cylindrical wall 24 a and a circular surface 24 b disposed on the + X direction side of the wall 24 a. In the wall portion 24a and the surface portion 24b, a large number of holes 24c for crushing and passing the powder discharged from the screw feeder portion 16 are formed by, for example, punching or the like. The diameter of the holes 24c has a desired particle size, that is, a desired size after powder crushing. For example, when powder crushing with a diameter of 2 mm or less is desired, the diameter of the holes 24c is 2 mm. In this embodiment, the diameter of the hole 24c is 2 mm or less.

  Further, a circular opening 24d for passing the shaft 22 of the screw feeder portion 16 is provided at the center of the surface portion 24b, and as shown in FIG. It is attached to the shaft 22 of the part 16 and configured to be rotatable with the shaft 22. That is, when the shaft 22 rotates, the screen 24 rotates with the rotation of the shaft 22 (at the same rotation speed as the rotation speed of the shaft 22) about the center of the surface portion 24b. In addition, the screen 24 has an inlet 24e for introducing the powder discharged from the screw feeder 16 on the -X direction side of the wall 24a, and the surface and the surface 24b formed by the inlet 24e are walls It opposes via the part 24a. The powder introduced from the introduction port 24e is crushed in the many holes 24c through the internal space formed by the wall 24a and the surface 24b, and passes through the many holes 24c.

  6 and 7 are diagrams for describing the configuration of the injection unit 26, and FIG. 6 is a view taken on line AA of FIG. 2, and FIG. 7 is a cross-sectional view seen from the + Y direction side of the crushing device 18. It is. In FIG. 6, a circle indicated by a broken line in the drawing indicates a position where the screen 24 (wall 22a) is disposed. The injection unit 26 is provided with a cylindrical member 28 closed on the + X direction side, and in the other part on the + X direction side of the member 28, a circular opening for passing the shaft 22 and powder is formed. There is. The cylindrical portion of the member 28 is provided with eight air nozzles 30 circumferentially equally spaced about the axis 22 of the screw feeder portion 16 as shown in FIG. Further, in the closed portion on the + X direction side of the member 28, as shown in FIG. 6, eight injection holes 34 arranged at equal intervals circumferentially around the axis 22 of the screw feeder portion 16 are provided. It is provided. Each injection hole 34 is provided corresponding to each air nozzle 30, and each air nozzle 30 makes compressed air from the inlet 24e of the screen 24 to the internal space of the screen 24 (from the -X direction side to the + X direction side) Direct the injection.

  The compressed air reaches a large number of holes 24 c formed in the wall 24 a and the surface 24 b of the screen 24. Since the screen 24 is rotating, the place where the compressed air reaches changes constantly. The compressed air is blown to the holes 24 c so that the powder which can not pass through the holes 24 c and remains in the holes 24 c or in the vicinity thereof is loosened, blown off, crushed and pushed out of the screen 24. The flow rate of the compressed air injected from each air nozzle 30 is determined by the size of the apparatus, the type of powder, and the like. That is, the flow rate of compressed air is increased in proportion to the size of the device. In addition, in the case of crushing the powder which is easily clogged in the holes 24c of the screen 24, the flow rate of the compressed air is increased. In this embodiment, it is assumed that compressed air of 100 L / min from each air nozzle 30, that is, compressed air of 800 L / min in total is ejected from eight injection units 26, and the flow rate of compressed air from each air nozzle 30 is It is assumed that adjustment is possible within a range of 50 to 200 L / min (total flow rate of compressed air from eight injection units 26 is 400 to 1600 L / min). Moreover, although eight air nozzles 30 are provided in this embodiment, at least one air nozzle 30 may be provided. In addition, although the injection holes 34 of the same number as the air nozzles 30 are provided corresponding to each air nozzle 30, two or more injection holes 34 are provided for one air nozzle 30, or two or more air nozzles 30 are used. Alternatively, one injection hole 34 may be provided.

  Further, as shown in FIG. 6 and FIG. 7, eight crush members formed integrally with the member 28 in which the injection holes 34 are formed and extending from the −X direction side to the + X direction side, as shown in FIGS. It has 36. The crushing member 36 has a triangular column shape, extends from the side of the inlet 24e of the screen 24 toward the surface 24b (opposite surface facing the surface on which the inlet 24e is provided), and extends to the inner wall of the wall 24a of the screen 24. It is provided in proximity. In addition, the crushing member 36 is disposed so that one vertex of the triangular prism-shaped triangle is directed to the inner wall surface of the wall portion 24a. That is, the crushing member 36 is disposed so that one side formed by the side surface and the side surface of the triangular prism shape faces the inner wall surface of the wall portion 24 a. The distance between the inner wall surface of the wall portion 24a and the crushing member 36 and the distance between the inner wall surface of the surface portion 24b and the crushing member 36 are set to about 1 to 2 mm. As the screen 24 rotates, the screen 24 and the crushing member 36 fixed to the member 28 relatively rotate with the center of the surface portion 24 b as the rotation axis. As the screen 24 and the crushing member 36 rotate relative to each other, the crushing member 36 can not pass through the holes 24c of the wall 24a and scrapes the powder remaining in the holes 24c or in the vicinity thereof. Drop, crush and push out of screen 24.

  In addition, although the triangular pillar shaped crushing member 36 is provided in this embodiment, a crushing member other than the triangular cylindrical shape, for example, a pillar shaped crushing member such as a square pillar shape may be used. In addition, instead of the crushing member 36, a cylindrical crushing member, a plate-like crushing member 38 provided close to the inner wall of the wall 24a and the surface 24b as shown in FIG. It may be a crushing member 40 or the like having a curved surface provided close to the inner wall of the wall 24a and the surface 24b as shown. Moreover, in this embodiment, the crushing member 36 is disposed with one side of the triangular prism shape facing the inner wall surface of the wall 24a, but two sides of the triangular prism are inside the wall 24a. It may be arranged toward the wall surface. Further, in this embodiment, eight crushing members 36, four crushing members 38, and four crushing members 40 are provided, but at least one crushing member may be provided. Further, in this embodiment, the screen 24 is rotated to relatively rotate the screen 24 and the crushing member 36, but the crushing member 36 may be rotated, or the screen 24 and the crushing Both crushing members 36 may be rotated in opposite directions.

  In the powder supply system 2 according to this embodiment, the powder introduced into the hopper 14 from the inlet (not shown) is conveyed by the screw feeder unit 16 and broken up by the crushing device 18. Specifically, the powder discharged from the discharge port of the screw feeder portion 16 is introduced from the inlet 24e of the screen 24 into the internal space of the screen 24, and the powder crushed to a diameter of 2 mm or less is a screen It passes through the holes 24 c of 24 and is collected by the powder collection device 6. The powder having a diameter larger than 2 mm is blown away by compressed air which is ejected from the air nozzle 30 and jetted from the injection hole 34 or scraped by the screen 24 rotating with the shaft 22 and the crushing member 36 fixed to the member 28 It is crushed to 2 mm or less while being dropped, passes through the holes 24 c of the screen 24, and is collected by the powder collection device 6.

  According to the crusher 18 of this embodiment, since the jet unit 26 is provided, the powder 24 which can not pass through the holes 24c of the screen 24 and is retained on the inner wall surface of the screen 24 is blown away to crush it. can do. Further, since the screen 24 is rotatable, the amount of powder adhering to the inner wall surface of the screen 24 can be suppressed. Further, since the crushing member 36 is provided, the powder that can not pass through the holes 24 c of the screen 24 can be scraped off and crushed together with the rotating screen 24. . Therefore, since clogging of the screen 24 can be prevented, the crushing apparatus 18 and the powder supply system 2 can be operated continuously. Further, since the diameter of the holes 24c of the screen 24 is 2 mm or less, the powder collected by the powder collection device 6 after passing through the screen 24 is 2 mm or less, and the powder has a diameter of 2 mm or less The particle size can be continuously crushed and collected continuously and efficiently.

  A test was conducted to confirm the crushing effect of the wet powder using the powder supply system 2 according to the above-described embodiment. (1) When only the screw feeder unit 16 is passed without providing the crushing apparatus 18 (screen 24 and the jetting unit 26) (referred to as Comparative Example 1), (2) the screw feeder unit 16 and jetting without the screen 24 (3) When the screw feeder unit 16 and the screen 24 are passed without the jet unit 26 (Comparative example 3), (4) Screw feeder unit Wet powder is supplied from the powder supply device 4 in each of the cases (passing through the screen 24 and the jet unit 26) 16 and the crushing device 18 (screen 24 and injection unit 26). Gathered. Then, the collected wet powder was sieved with an opening of 2 mm to measure the powder amount on the sieve (powder having a diameter larger than 2 mm) and under the sieve (powder having a diameter of 2 mm or less). In the test, resin powder was used as wet powder. The measurement results are shown in Table 1.

  From Table 1, in Comparative Examples 1 and 2, 21 to 34% of resin powder is not crushed to a diameter of 2 mm or less, while in Example, 0% of resin powder not crushed to a diameter of 2 mm or less, that is, all resins The powder was crushed to a diameter of 2 mm or less. In Comparative Example 3, the screen 24 was clogged and could not be operated continuously.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 2 ... Powder supply system, 4 ... Powder supply apparatus, 6 ... Powder collection apparatus, 8 ... Powder transport pipe, 10 ... Filter, 12 ... Blower, 14 ... Hopper, 16 ... Screw feeder part, 18 ... Solution Crushing device, 20: screw, 22: shaft, 24: screen, 24a: wall portion, 24b: surface portion, 24c: hole, 24d: opening portion, 24e: introduction port, 26: injection portion, 30: air nozzle, 34: spraying Hole, 36: Crushed member.

Claims (6)

A crushing apparatus provided at an outlet of a screw feeder for supplying a powder, and crushing the powder, the crushing apparatus comprising:
A screen having an inlet and an inner space for introducing the powder discharged from the screw feeder, and a plurality of holes introduced from the inlet and passing the powder through the inner space;
An injection unit for injecting compressed air from the inlet side toward the internal space;
A crushing apparatus characterized by comprising: The opposing surface of the screen facing the surface formed by the inlet is circular,
At least one crushing member extending from the inlet side toward the opposing surface and provided in proximity to the inner wall of the screen,
The crushing apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the screen and the crushing member are rotatable relative to each other about a center of the opposing surface.   The crush apparatus according to claim 2, wherein the screen is attached to a shaft of the screw feeder and rotates relative to the crush apparatus about the center of the opposing surface.   The crushing apparatus according to claim 2 or 3, wherein the crushing member has a triangular prism shape, and is disposed with the apex of the triangle facing the inner wall portion.   The crusher is integrally formed with the discharge port for discharging the powder from the screw feeder and a member having an injection hole for injecting the compressed air in the injection unit. The crushing apparatus as described in any one of Claims 2-4.   The diameter of the said hole is 2 mm or less, The crushing apparatus as described in any one of the Claims 1-5 characterized by the above-mentioned.

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