JP2019104803A - Fiber-reinforced plastic, fiber-reinforced plastic structure and method for producing fiber-reinforced plastic - Google Patents

Abstract

To provide a fiber-reinforced plastic which has a sufficiently high elastic modulus and a sufficiently large strain amount of an elastic deformation region.SOLUTION: Provided are: a fiber-reinforced plastic having a fiber orientation angle of 25-65° and an elastic deformation region where an elastic modulus is 2 GPa or more and a strain amount is 3% or more, preferably, 4% or more; the fiber-reinforced plastic having a laminated structure in which a plurality of fiber-reinforced plastic sheets are laminated, and the plurality of fiber-reinforced plastic sheets have the same orientation angle; and the fiber-reinforced plastic using an epoxy resin which has, by itself, a strain at break of 4% or more and an elastic modulus of 2 GPa or more.SELECTED DRAWING: None

Description

  The present invention relates to a fiber reinforced plastic, a fiber reinforced plastic structure, and a method of manufacturing a fiber reinforced plastic.

  In recent years, it is preferable to use a material that is as hard, strong, and ductile as possible for materials that require strength, such as the casing of a fuel cell, and are accompanied by thermal expansion and contraction and the like.

JP, 2008-305709, A

  By the way, although metal materials, such as iron, aluminum, nickel, etc. conventionally used have a high elastic modulus, the distortion amount of an elastic deformation area | region is small. On the other hand, in resin materials such as PP, PE, and PET, the strain amount in the elastic deformation region is as large as 10% or more as compared with the metal material, but the elastic modulus is significantly reduced as 100 MPa or less. Furthermore, in recent years, fiber reinforced plastics have been used as materials for similar applications, but carbon fiber reinforced plastics and glass fiber reinforced plastics using long fibers are generally higher in elastic modulus than pure resin materials. However, the strain at break is as small as 2%. In addition, there is also a glass fiber reinforced plastic using short fibers, but this also has a small breaking strain of about 2 to 3%. As described above, even a fiber reinforced plastic has not been made of a suitable material having a sufficiently high elastic modulus and a sufficiently large strain amount in the elastic deformation region.

  The present application has been made in view of the foregoing, and provides a fiber-reinforced plastic, a fiber-reinforced plastic structure, and a method for producing a fiber-reinforced plastic having a sufficiently high elastic modulus and a sufficiently large strain amount in an elastic deformation region. To that purpose.

  The fiber-reinforced plastic according to one aspect of the present invention has a fiber orientation angle of 25 deg or more and 65 deg or less, and has an elastic deformation region with a modulus of 2 GPa or more and a strain amount of 3% or more.

  According to the present invention, it is possible to realize a fiber reinforced plastic having a sufficiently high elastic modulus and a sufficiently large strain amount in the elastic deformation region.

  The fiber reinforced plastic may have a laminated structure in which a plurality of fiber reinforced plastic sheets are laminated, and the plurality of fiber reinforced plastic sheets may have the same fiber orientation angle.

  The fiber reinforced plastic may be an epoxy resin which has a modulus of at least 2 GPa and a strain at break of 4% or more with a single resin.

  The present invention according to another aspect is a fiber reinforced plastic structure using a fiber reinforced plastic.

  The present invention according to another aspect manufactures a fiber-reinforced plastic having a fiber orientation angle of 25 deg or more and 65 deg or less, an elastic deformation area of 2 GPa or more and a strain amount of 3% or more. It is a method.

It is a schematic diagram which shows the outline of a structure of fiber reinforced plastic. It is a schematic diagram which shows the laminated structure of fiber reinforced plastic. It is an explanatory view showing an example of a fiber reinforced plastic structure. It is a graph which shows the elasticity modulus and distortion amount of this invention. It is explanatory drawing which shows the dimension of the test piece of an Example. It is a table | surface which shows the result of the tension test of an Example. It is a table | surface which shows the result of the repeating tension test of an Example. It is a graph which shows the breaking strain-stress curve of the tension test at the time of using resin 1. FIG. It is a graph which shows the breaking strain-stress curve of the tension test at the time of using resin 2. FIG. It is a table | surface which shows the result of the tension test at the time of changing resin.

  Hereinafter, preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. In addition, the same code | symbol is attached | subjected to the same element and the overlapping description is abbreviate | omitted. Further, the positional relationship such as upper, lower, left and right is based on the positional relationship shown in the drawings unless otherwise specified. Furthermore, the dimensional ratios in the drawings are not limited to the illustrated ratios. Also, the following embodiments are exemplifications for explaining the present invention, and the present invention is not limited to the embodiments.

  The fiber reinforced plastic 1 has, for example, a square shape, and has a fiber orientation angle α of 25 deg or more and 65 deg or less (45 deg ± 20 deg). The fiber orientation angle α is preferably 30 deg or more and 60 deg or less, more preferably 35 deg or more and 55 deg or less. The fiber orientation angle α is more preferably 35 deg or more and 40 deg or less. The fiber orientation angle α is an angle formed by the longitudinal direction (texture direction) of the fiber reinforced plastic prepreg and one side of the fiber reinforced plastic 1. The fiber orientation angle α includes not only when the weave of the prepreg is inclined clockwise but also when it is inclined counterclockwise.

  The fiber reinforced plastic 1 uses, for example, long glass fiber as a fiber. As the resin, for example, a high toughness epoxy resin is used. As the epoxy resin, a resin having a characteristic that the strain at break is 4% or more and the elastic modulus is 2 GPa or more is used.

  The fiber reinforced plastic 1 has a laminated structure in which a plurality of fiber reinforced plastic sheets 10 are laminated as shown in FIG. The plurality of fiber reinforced plastic sheets 10 have, for example, the same fiber orientation angle α in the range of 25 deg or more and 65 deg or less.

  The fiber reinforced plastic 1 has an elastic deformation region in which the amount of strain is 3% or more and the elastic modulus is 2 GPa or more.

  The fibers are not limited to glass fibers, and may be carbon fibers, organic fibers, or inorganic fibers. Further, the resin is not limited to the epoxy resin, and may be another thermosetting resin or a thermoplastic resin.

  FIG. 3 shows an example of a fiber reinforced plastic structure 20 using the fiber reinforced plastic 1. The fiber reinforced plastic structure 20 has, for example, a hoop shape in which the fiber reinforced plastic 10 is formed into an annular shape, and the annular fiber reinforced plastic 10 is laminated from the inside to the outside. The fiber reinforced plastic structure 20 is formed, for example, by winding a plurality of fiber reinforced plastics 10 around the sides of a rectangular die. The fiber reinforced plastic structure 20 is used, for example, on the side wall around the fuel cell.

  The manufacturing process of the fiber reinforced plastic 1 will be described. First, a long, glass fiberglass cloth is produced by a weaving machine. Glass cloth is one in which longitudinal fibers and transverse fibers are woven at 90 ° to each other. Next, a glass cloth is impregnated with an epoxy resin to produce a prepreg. Next, the fiber reinforced plastic sheet 10 is cut out of the prepreg. At this time, the fiber reinforced plastic sheet 10 has a fiber orientation angle α of 25 deg or more and 65 deg or less. Next, a plurality of fiber reinforced plastic sheets 10 having the same shape and the same fiber orientation angle α are laminated. Next, the laminate of the fiber reinforced plastic sheet 10 is heated and pressed to cure the resin. At this time, the laminate is pressed or autoclaved. Thus, the fiber-reinforced plastic 1 of the present invention having a modulus of elasticity of 2 GPa or more and a strain amount of 3% or more as shown in FIG. 4 is completed.

  According to the present embodiment, it is possible to realize the fiber reinforced plastic 1 having a sufficiently high elastic modulus and a sufficiently large strain amount in the elastic deformation region.

  Although the preferred embodiments of the present invention have been described above with reference to the accompanying drawings, the present invention is not limited to such examples. It is obvious that those skilled in the art can conceive of various modifications or alterations within the scope of the idea described in the claims, and they are naturally within the technical scope of the present invention. It is understood that.

  For example, in the above embodiment, the fiber orientation angles α of the plurality of fiber reinforced plastic sheets 10 are all the same, but the fiber orientation angles may be different from each other within the range of 25 deg or more and 65 deg or less. At this time, all the fiber orientation angles may be different, or only some of them may be different. The shape of the fiber reinforced plastic 1 may also be another shape.

Tensile test A tensile test was performed using fiber reinforced plastic with different fiber orientation angles to calculate the modulus of elasticity and the amount of strain. The tensile test was performed under the following conditions. A plate-shaped test piece of fiber reinforced plastic is shown in FIG. The results of the tensile test are shown in FIG.

<Test conditions>
Crosshead speed: 1 to 3 mm / min
Strain measurement method: Calculated from cross head movement Reinforcement fiber: Glass fiber matrix resin: high toughness epoxy resin Specimen size:
Length L: 200 mm
Width W: 25 mm
Thickness T: 1 mm
Standard distance L1: 100 mm
Fiber orientation angle:
A: α = 45 °
B: α = 40 (50) °
C: α = 37.5 (52.5) °
D: α = 35 (55) °
E: α = 30 (60) °
F: α = 25 (65) (25 °
G: α = 20 (70) °
H: α = 0 (90) °

Repeated Test Repeatedly pulled test was carried out repeatedly on resin reinforced plastic. The test conditions are as follows, and the test results are shown in FIG.

<Test conditions>
Crosshead speed: 3 mm / min
Strain measurement method: Calculated from crosshead travel distance Specimen size:
Length L: 250 mm
Width W: 25 mm
Thickness T: 1 mm
Standard distance L1: 150 mm
Reinforcing fiber: Glass fiber matrix resin: high toughness resin Molding conditions:
Curing temperature: 150 ° C 180 min
Curing pressure: 3 kgf / cm ²
Autoclave molding

  Next, the base resin was changed to conduct a tensile test of fiber reinforced plastic. An epoxy resin having a strain of 4% or more and an elastic modulus of 2 GPa or more as the resin 1 is used as the resin 1, and an epoxy resin having an elastic modulus of 2 GPa or more as the resin 2 is a fracture strain of less than 4%. Using. The fiber orientation angle was 45 °. Other conditions were the same as the conditions of the above-mentioned tensile test. FIG. 8 shows a breaking strain-stress curve in the tensile test in the case of using the resin 1, and FIG. 9 shows a breaking strain-stress curve in the tensile test in the case of using the resin 2. FIG. 4 shows the results of tensile modulus and breaking strain in the single resin of 2. The "strain amount" is the amount of strain in the elastic deformation region, while the "breaking strain" is the amount of strain exceeding the elastic deformation region and including the plastic deformation region.

  The present invention is useful in providing a fiber-reinforced plastic having a sufficiently high elastic modulus and a sufficiently large strain amount in the elastic deformation region.

1 fiber reinforced plastic 10 fiber reinforced plastic sheet 20 fiber reinforced plastic structure

Claims (5)

  A fiber-reinforced plastic having a fiber orientation angle of 25 deg or more and 65 deg or less, and an elastic deformation region having an elastic modulus of 2 GPa or more and a strain amount of 3% or more. Has a laminated structure in which a plurality of fiber reinforced plastic sheets are laminated,
The fiber reinforced plastic according to claim 1, wherein the plurality of fiber reinforced plastic sheets have the same fiber orientation angle.   The fiber reinforced plastic according to claim 1 or 2, wherein an epoxy resin having a strain at break of 4% or more and an elastic modulus of 2 GPa or more is used by a single resin.   A fiber reinforced plastic structure using the fiber reinforced plastic according to any one of claims 1 to 3.   A method for producing a fiber reinforced plastic, comprising producing a fiber reinforced plastic having a fiber orientation angle of 25 deg or more and 65 deg or less, an elastic deformation area having an elastic modulus of 2 GPa and a strain amount of 3% or more.