JP2019101551A - Shift determination device and shift determination method - Google Patents

Abstract

To provide a shift determination device and a shift determination method that mitigate a work load when determining a schedule of a shift duty.SOLUTION: A device comprises a conditioning unit 201 setting an essential condition that is a condition that must be met when determining a schedule of a shift duty, a desired condition that is preferable condition to be met when determining a schedule of a shift duty, and a priority of the desired condition, a shift desire acceptance unit 202 accepting desired date and time of the shift duty for each employee, and a shift determination unit 203 determining data and time of the shift duty for each employee on the basis of one or more shift frames to which an assignment group, a time zone and the number of persons are set. The shift determination unit 203 executes retrieval processing retrieving the optimal solution of a combination of shift duty by repeating change of a combination of shift duty by a prescribed number of times so that a degree of fulfilling the desired condition becomes high while filling the essential condition.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 3

Description

  The present invention relates to a shift determination device and a shift determination method.

  Patent Document 1 below discloses a work shift creation support system having a function of displaying the total amount of daily and monthly labor costs when creating a shift schedule for employees.

Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 11-66151

  The shift schedule created by the company manager needs to be adjusted to the employee's wishes before the shift can be finalized. In the case of adjusting the shift, since it is necessary to confirm and approve between the parties concerned, it takes time and effort for the adjustment.

  The present invention has been made to solve the above-mentioned problems, and it is an object of the present invention to provide a shift determination device and shift determination method which can reduce the effort in determining a shift work schedule. Do.

  The shift determination device which is one aspect of the present invention is an essential condition that is a condition that needs to be satisfied when determining a shift work schedule, a desired condition that is a preferable condition to satisfy when determining a shift work schedule. And a setting unit for setting the priority of the desired condition, a reception unit for receiving a desired date of shift work for each employee, and one or more shift frames in which an assigned group, a time zone and a number of people are set. A determination unit for determining shift work date and time for each employee, wherein the determination unit changes the combination of shift work so that the degree of satisfying the desired condition is high while satisfying the essential conditions. Is repeated a predetermined number of times to execute search processing for searching for the optimum solution of the combination of shift work.

  In the above aspect, the essential condition at least includes that the date and time of the shift work is within the range of the desired date and time of the shift work, and the desired condition includes shift work with respect to the desired number of days for the shift work. It may be at least included that the ratio of the number of fixed days is a predetermined value or more.

  In the above aspect, the degree of satisfying the desired condition may increase as the priority of the desired condition increases, and may increase as the number of employees satisfying the desired condition increases.

  In the above aspect, the determination unit may change the combination of shift work when starting the execution of the search process each time.

  In the above aspect, the search process may be a process using a meta heuristic tabu search.

  The shift determination method which is one aspect of the present invention is an essential condition which is a condition which needs to be satisfied when determining a shift work schedule, a desired condition which is preferably a condition which is satisfied when deciding a shift work schedule. And setting the priority of the desired condition, receiving the desired date of shift work for each employee, and one or more shift frames in which the assigned group, the time zone, and the number of people are set. Determining the shift work date and time for each employee, wherein the decision step changes the combination of shift work so as to increase the degree of satisfying the desired conditions while satisfying the essential conditions. Is repeated a predetermined number of times to execute search processing for searching for the optimum solution of the combination of shift work.

  According to the present invention, it is possible to reduce the effort in determining the shift work schedule.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS It is a figure which illustrates the structure of the shift determination system containing the shift determination apparatus in embodiment. It is a figure which illustrates the hardware constitutions of the shift determination apparatus of FIG. It is a figure which illustrates the function structure of the shift determination apparatus of FIG. It is a sequence chart which illustrates the procedure at the time of producing | generating a shift schedule in the shift determination system of FIG.

  Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings. In addition, the same code | symbol is attached | subjected to the same element and the overlapping description is abbreviate | omitted.

  FIG. 1 is a schematic configuration diagram of a shift determination system including a shift determination device according to an embodiment of the present invention. As shown to the same figure, the shift determination system 1 in this embodiment is equipped with the shift determination apparatus 2 which is a server apparatus, and one or more shop terminals 3. The store terminal 3 is configured to be able to communicate with the shift determination device 2 via the network N.

  The store terminal 3 is a terminal device used by a shift manager who manages shift work of the store. Although the store is a store of any type of industry or business type, in the present embodiment, the case of a restaurant store will be described as an example.

  In the present embodiment, the shop terminal 3 will be described on the assumption that a PC (personal computer) is used, but the present invention is not limited to this. As the store terminal 3, for example, a notebook PC, a tablet terminal, a smartphone, a mobile phone, a personal digital assistant (PDA), and other terminal devices can be used as appropriate.

  The shift determination device 2 is configured of, for example, a computer with high arithmetic processing capability, and implements a server function by operating a predetermined server program in the computer. Here, the computer constituting the shift determination device 2 does not necessarily have to be one, and may be constituted by a plurality of computers distributed on the network N.

  The network N includes a communication network capable of mutually transmitting and receiving information between the shift determination device 2 and the shop terminal 3. The network N is, for example, the Internet, a LAN, a dedicated line, a telephone line, an in-house network, a mobile communication network, Bluetooth (registered trademark), WiFi (Wireless Fidelity), other communication lines, combinations thereof, and the like. It does not matter whether it is wired or wireless.

  As shown in FIG. 2, the shift determination device 2 includes, for example, a processor 20, a communication interface 21, and a storage resource 22.

  The processor 20 includes an arithmetic logic operation unit that processes arithmetic operations, logic operations, bit operations, and the like, and various registers, and realizes various functions to be described later by executing a computer program 220 stored in the storage resource 22. Do. The various registers are, for example, a program counter, a data register, an instruction register, a general purpose register, and the like.

  The communication interface 21 is a hardware module for connecting to the network N and communicating with other terminals on the network N. The communication interface 21 is, for example, a modulation and demodulation device such as an ISDN modem, an ADSL modem, a cable modem, an optical modem, and a soft modem.

  The storage resource 22 is, for example, a logical device provided by a storage area of a physical device. The physical device is, for example, a computer readable recording medium such as a disk drive or a semiconductor memory. The storage resource 22 may be constructed by mapping a plurality of physical devices to one logical device, or may be constructed by mapping one physical device to a plurality of logical devices. A computer program 220 is stored in the storage resource 22.

  In addition to the computer program 220, the storage resource 22 stores an operating system program, a driver program, various data, and the like used for the processing of the shift determination device 2. Examples of the driver program include a communication interface driver program for controlling the communication interface 21 and the like. As various data, for example, there is shift information and the like stored in a shift management DB (database) 222.

  The shift management DB 222 is a database for storing shift information, and includes, for example, a shop ID item, an assignment group ID item, an employee ID item, a shift date and time item, a working time item, a break time item and the like as data items.

  The store ID item stores identification information for specifying a store. The assignment group ID item stores identification information for specifying an assignment group to which an employee is assigned. The employee ID item stores identification information for identifying an employee. The shift date and time item stores the shift work date and time (hereinafter, also referred to as "shift date and time"), the working time slot item stores the working time slot included in the shift date and time, and the break time item is the shift date and time Stores the included break time zone.

  The above-described configuration of the database and the combination of data items stored in the database are merely examples, and the combination of the configuration and data items of the database can be appropriately changed according to the system to be operated.

  The computer program 220 shown in FIG. 2 is a program for performing predetermined processing, and includes a plurality of software modules that are appropriately called and executed during operation of the main program of the shift determination device 2. The software modules are subprograms modularized to execute specific processing, and are created using, for example, procedures, subroutines, methods, functions, data structures, and the like.

  The computer program 220 illustratively includes a shift determination module 221. The processor 20 executes the shift determination module 221 to implement the functions of the condition setting unit 201, the shift request reception unit 202, and the shift determination unit 203 illustrated in FIG. 3. Each function is described in detail below.

  The condition setting unit 201 causes the shift manager who operates the shop terminal 3 to set various conditions used when determining a shift work schedule (hereinafter, also referred to as “shift schedule”). At this time, the condition setting unit 201 displays, for example, a condition setting screen for setting various conditions on the display of the shop terminal 3. The condition setting unit 201 stores various conditions set on the condition setting screen in the storage resource 22. As various conditions, for example, there are a priority (MUST) condition, a desired (WANT) condition, and a desired condition. These various conditions are described below.

  The essential conditions are the conditions that need to be met when determining the shift schedule. For example, assigning a shift date and time within the range of the date and time at which the employee desires shift work (hereinafter, also referred to as “shift desired date and time”), and against the shift of the employee assignment group (for example, kitchen and hall clerk) Assignment, and the number of people assigned to the shift frame is within the required number of people. Each mandatory condition may be set uniformly for all employees or may be set for each employee.

  The desired conditions are conditions that should preferably be met when determining the shift schedule. For example, the ratio of the number of days for which shift work is finalized (the number of shift finalized days) to the number of days for which the employee desires shift work (hereinafter also referred to as "shift desired number of days") is That it is a predetermined value or more, that the number of vacation days that the employee can acquire during the designated period is less than the upper limit days or less than the lower limit days, and at least one person assigns a veteran to the late number. Each desired condition may be set uniformly for all employees or may be set for each employee.

  The condition setting unit 201 causes the shift manager who operates the shop terminal 3 to set a shift frame for scheduling shift work. At this time, the condition setting unit 201 displays, for example, a shift frame setting screen for setting a shift frame on the display of the shop terminal 3. The shift manager, for example, sets a shift window by designating an assignment group, a time zone, and the required number of people. The set shift frame is stored in the storage resource 22.

  Although the condition setting unit 201 in the present embodiment causes the shift manager who operates the shop terminal 3 to set various conditions and shift frames, the setting source is not limited to the shop terminal 3 (shift manager). . For example, the condition setting unit 201 may set various conditions and shift frames as appropriate by performing machine learning on the content of shift work decided in the past. In this case, the condition setting unit 201 may set only a part of various conditions and the shift frame, or may set all of them.

  The shift request reception unit 202 receives a shift request date and time for each employee. The accepted shift desired date and time is stored in the storage resource 22. The acceptance of the shift desired date may be, for example, displaying a screen for registering the shift desired date on the display of the shop terminal 3 and receiving the shift desired date registered on the screen, or the shift desired date may be The written file or the like may be received from the shop terminal 3.

  In addition, although the shift desired date and time is received from the shop terminal 3 in the present embodiment, the transmission source is not limited to the shop terminal 3. For example, the employee may receive from the terminal for employee the shift desired date and time input using the terminal for employee. In this case, for example, an application for registering a shift desired date and time may be installed in a terminal for employees.

  The shift determination unit 203 determines shift date and time for each employee based on one or more shift windows set by the shift manager. Specifically, the shift determination unit 203 determines the shift date and time for each employee by executing search processing for searching for the optimum solution of the combination of shift work. As an algorithm of search processing, for example, tabu search of meta heuristics can be adopted. Below, an example of the procedure of a search process is demonstrated.

  First, the shift determination unit 203 sets a combination of shift work set provisionally as an initial solution, and starts search processing.

  Subsequently, the shift determination unit 203 searches for the best solution from the vicinity of the current solution using, for example, the k-nearest neighbor algorithm.

  Subsequently, the shift determination unit 203 evaluates the searched solution. The solution can be evaluated, for example, using a score calculated by an objective function.

  The objective function is defined so that the score becomes higher as the degree of satisfying the desired condition becomes higher while satisfying the essential condition. The degree of satisfying the desired condition is defined to increase as the priority of the desired condition increases and to increase as the number of employees satisfying the desired condition increases. If the desired condition is not satisfied, a negative score may be added.

  The shift determination unit 203 repeatedly executes the search for the solution a predetermined number of times, and sets the solution with the highest score as the optimal solution.

  The predetermined number of times can be set arbitrarily, for example, ten thousand times. Since the processing time required for the search process increases as the number of repetitions increases, and the accuracy of the optimum solution tends to decrease as the number of repetitions decreases, it is preferable to set the predetermined number by considering the processing time and the accuracy of the optimum solution.

  The shift determination unit 203 makes the combination (initial solution) of shift work when starting the execution of the search process different each time. This makes it possible to obtain different optimal solutions each time.

  The shift determination unit 203 causes the display of the shift determination device 2 to display a shift schedule based on the optimal solution that is the result of the search process. The shift schedule is processed and generated so that shift dates and times for each employee can be confirmed in a list format, for example.

  Next, referring to FIG. 4, an example of a procedure for generating a shift schedule in the shift determination system 1 will be described.

  First, when the shift manager sets various conditions in the shop terminal 3 and performs a confirmation operation, the shop terminal 3 transmits information including the various conditions to the shift determination device 2 (step S101).

  Subsequently, the condition setting unit 201 of the shift determination device 2 sets various conditions based on the received information (step S102).

  Subsequently, when the shift manager sets a shift frame at the shop terminal 3 and performs a decision operation, the shop terminal 3 transmits information including the shift frame to the shift determination device 2 (step S103).

  Subsequently, the condition setting unit 201 of the shift determination device 2 sets a shift frame based on the received information (step S104).

  Subsequently, when the shift manager inputs a shift desired date and time for each employee at the store terminal 3 and performs a decision operation, the store terminal 3 transmits information including the shift desired date and time for each employee to the shift determination device 2 (Step S105).

  Subsequently, the shift request reception unit 202 of the shift determination device 2 registers the shift desired date and time for each employee based on the received information (step S106).

  Subsequently, when the shift decider provisionally sets a combination of shift work at the shop terminal 3 and performs an execution instruction operation of shift schedule creation processing, the shop terminal 3 transmits a shift schedule creation instruction to the shift determination device 2 (Step S107).

  Subsequently, the shift determination unit 203 of the shift determination device 2 executes search processing for searching for the optimum solution of the combination of shift work (step S108).

  Subsequently, the shift determination unit 203 of the shift determination device 2 causes the display of the shift determination device 2 to display the shift schedule generated based on the optimal solution that is the result of the search processing (step S109).

  As described above, according to the shift determination device 2 in the embodiment, the degree of satisfying the desired condition which is preferably satisfied when determining the shift schedule while satisfying the essential conditions which are required to be satisfied when determining the shift schedule is A search process for searching for the optimum solution while changing the combination of shift work may be repeatedly performed a predetermined number of times so as to increase the shift work date and time for each employee.

  Therefore, it is possible to present the shift manager with the shift schedule based on the shift work date and time for each employee determined to satisfy the necessary conditions and to satisfy the desired conditions as much as possible.

  Therefore, according to the shift determination device 2 in the embodiment, the effort in determining the shift schedule can be reduced.

[Modification]
The present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiment, and can be implemented in other various forms without departing from the scope of the present invention. For this reason, the said embodiment is only a mere illustration in all the points, and is not interpreted restrictively. For example, the processing steps described above can be arbitrarily changed in order or performed in parallel as long as no contradiction occurs in the processing content.

Reference Signs List 1 shift determination system 2 shift determination device 3 store terminal 20 processor 21 communication interface 22 storage resource 201 condition setting unit 202 shift request reception unit 203 shift determination unit 220: computer program, 221: shift determination module, 222: shift management DB, N: network.

Claims (6)

A setting unit that sets essential conditions that are conditions that must be satisfied when determining the shift work schedule, desired conditions that are preferable to satisfy when determining the shift work schedule, and priority of the desired conditions When,
A reception unit that receives a desired date and time of shift work for each employee;
A determination unit that determines the shift work date and time for each employee based on one or more shift slots in which the assignment group, the time zone, and the number of people are set;
Equipped with
The determination unit searches for an optimum solution of shift work combination by repeating changing a combination of shift work a predetermined number of times such that the degree of satisfying the desired condition becomes high while satisfying the essential conditions. Execute search process,
Shift determination device. The essential conditions include at least that the date and time of the shift work is within the range of the desired date and time of the shift work,
The desired condition at least includes that the ratio of the number of fixed days of shift work to the desired number of days of shift work is a predetermined value or more.
The shift determination device according to claim 1. The degree of satisfying the desired condition increases as the priority of the desired condition increases, and increases as the number of employees satisfying the desired condition increases.
The shift determination device according to claim 1. The determination unit changes the combination of shift work when starting the execution of the search process each time,
The shift determination device according to any one of claims 1 to 3. The search process is a process using a taboo search of metaheuristics,
The shift determination device according to any one of claims 1 to 4. A setting step for setting a required condition which is a condition that needs to be satisfied when determining the shift work schedule, a desired condition which is preferably satisfied when determining the shift work schedule, and a priority of the desired condition When,
A reception step for receiving a desired date and time of shift work for each employee;
Determining the shift work date and time for each employee based on one or more shift slots in which the assignment group, the time zone and the number of people are set;
Including
The determination step searches for the optimum solution of the shift work combination by repeating changing the combination of shift work a predetermined number of times such that the degree of satisfying the desired condition is high while satisfying the essential conditions. Execute search process,
Shift determination method.