JP2019100595A - Burner device - Google Patents

Abstract

To provide a burner device capable of preventing occurrence of flashback when using fuel with large combustion speed.SOLUTION: A burner device (1) for supplying premixed gas (M) of fuel gas (F) and supporting gas (A) to a combustion region (R) includes: a slit-like injection port (5) formed on a burner wall (3) facing the combustion region (R) to inject the premixed gas (M) to the combustion region (R); and a premixing passage (9) to which the fuel gas (F) and supporting gas (A) are introduced and in which the fuel gas (F) and supporting gas (A) are premixed toward the injection port (5). The premixing passage (9) is formed so that a passage area thereof gradually becomes smaller toward the injection port (5).SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 4

Description

  The present invention relates to a burner apparatus for mixing and burning a fuel gas such as hydrogen gas and other types of gas.

  In recent years, in order to reduce the emission of carbon dioxide that causes environmental problems such as global warming, a burner device using hydrogen as fuel has been proposed for the realization of a so-called low carbon society (for example, patent documents 1).

U.S. Patent Application Publication No. 2012/0258409

  However, when burning a fuel having a high burning rate, a flashback phenomenon in which a flame generated in the combustion chamber returns to the burner side tends to occur. As such a fuel having a high burning rate, for example, hydrogen or a gas containing hydrogen in a high concentration can be mentioned.

  An object of the present invention is to provide a burner device capable of preventing the occurrence of flashback even when using a fuel having a high combustion rate.

In order to achieve the above object, the burner device according to the present invention is
What is claimed is: 1. A burner apparatus comprising: a burner for supplying a premixed mixture of a fuel gas containing a fuel and an auxiliary gas having a combustion speed lower than that of the fuel gas to a combustion region,
A slit-like injection port formed on a burner wall facing the combustion area for injecting a premixed gas into the combustion area;
A premixing passage into which fuel gas and auxiliary fuel gas are introduced and the fuel gas and auxiliary fuel gas are premixed toward the injection port, and the passage area is formed so as to gradually decrease toward the injection port A premix passage,
Is equipped.

  According to this configuration, since the premix passage has a shape that is tapered toward the injection port, the flow velocity of the mixture injected from the injection port is increased, so that the occurrence of flashback is effectively achieved. It can be prevented. Moreover, by making the injection ports into a slit shape, the above-mentioned tapered shape can be realized with a simple structure, and the amount of combustion by adjusting the slit length and adjusting the number of injection ports disposed in parallel Adjustment is easy in design.

  The burner apparatus according to one embodiment of the present invention includes a combustion assisting gas introduction chamber for introducing combustion assisting gas into the premixing passage, and a combustion assisting gas supply passage for supplying combustion assisting gas from the outside to the combustion combustion gas introduction chamber, The auxiliary gas introducing chamber has a cooling unit for causing the auxiliary gas from the auxiliary gas supply passage to collide with the burner wall, and a guide unit for guiding the auxiliary gas which collides with the burner wall in the cooling unit to the premix passage. You may According to this configuration, burnout of the burner wall can be prevented by colliding the auxiliary combustion gas with the burner wall facing the combustion region to cool the burner wall.

  A burner apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention includes a fuel gas introduction chamber for introducing a fuel gas into the premix passage, and an auxiliary gas introduction formed in a partition wall partitioning the premix passage and the guide portion. The fuel gas inlet port may be provided with a port and a fuel gas inlet port for introducing the fuel gas in a direction intersecting the flow direction of the auxiliary fuel gas from the fuel gas inlet chamber to the auxiliary fuel gas inlet port. According to this configuration, the mixing force in the premix passage is promoted by the shear force when the fuel gas and the combustion support gas intersect, and the generation of NOx is suppressed.

  In the burner device according to one embodiment of the present invention, the cooling portion and the fuel gas introduction chamber may be divided by the guide wall forming the cooling portion of the auxiliary fuel gas introduction chamber. According to this configuration, by utilizing the guide wall also as a wall forming the fuel gas introduction chamber, simplification of the structure of the entire burner device and downsizing of the size can be achieved.

  In the burner device according to an embodiment of the present invention, the plurality of injection ports may be provided in parallel with each other at equal intervals. According to this configuration, local temperature increase is suppressed by injecting the premixed air-fuel mixture from the plurality of injection ports in a distributed manner, whereby the generation of NOx is further suppressed.

  The burner apparatus according to the present invention can prevent the occurrence of flashback even when using a fuel having a high combustion rate such as hydrogen gas.

It is a longitudinal cross-sectional view which shows schematic structure of the burner apparatus which concerns on one Embodiment of this invention. It is the side view which looked at the burner apparatus of FIG. 1 from the combustion area side. It is sectional drawing which shows the burner apparatus of FIG. It is sectional drawing which expands and shows a part of FIG. FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line VV of FIG. 4;

  Hereinafter, preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 shows a burner apparatus 1 according to an embodiment of the present invention. The burner apparatus 1 shown in the figure is an apparatus for supplying a premixed mixture MG of a fuel gas containing fuel and a combustion supporting gas to a combustion region R. The burner device 1 is used, for example, as a heating device of a power plant such as a boiler or a gas turbine.

  The fuel gas is, for example, a fuel having a high burning rate and a wide flammable concentration range, and in the present embodiment, a hydrogen-containing gas such as hydrogen gas is used as the fuel gas. Further, in the present embodiment, air A is used as the auxiliary combustion gas. As the auxiliary gas, in addition to air, for example, gas in which the oxygen concentration in the air is adjusted, exhaust gas, etc. can be used. In the following description, the fuel gas is referred to as "fuel F", and the auxiliary fuel gas is referred to as "air A".

  The burner apparatus 1 has a flat plate-like burner wall 3 facing the combustion area R, and injects the premixed mixture M from the injection port 5 formed in the burner wall 3 into the combustion area R. In the illustrated example, a wall facing the combustion area R, which is a part of the casing 7 of the entire burner device 1, forms the burner wall 3. The injection port 5 is provided as an opening at the downstream end of the premix passage 9 where the fuel F and the air A are premixed. In the following description, the combustion region R side in the direction orthogonal to the burner wall 3, that is, the injection direction of the premixed gas M (hereinafter simply referred to as "injection direction") Z is simply referred to as "downstream side" The opposite side is simply called "upstream side". As shown in FIG. 2, the injection port 5 is formed as a slit, that is, an elongated rectangular opening. In the present embodiment, the burner device 1 has a plurality of (five in the illustrated example) injection ports 5. The plurality of injection ports 5 are provided in parallel with each other at equal intervals.

  As shown in FIG. 1, the burner apparatus 1 includes a fuel introduction chamber (fuel gas introduction chamber) 11 for introducing the fuel F into the premix passage 9 and an air introduction chamber (support gas for introducing the air A into the premix passage 9). Introduction room) 13). The fuel F is supplied to the fuel introduction chamber 11 from the outside via the fuel supply passage 15. Air A is supplied to the air introduction chamber 13 from the outside via the air supply passage 17.

  In the illustrated example, a fuel header 19 forming the fuel introduction chamber 11 inward is provided inside the casing 7. A fuel supply pipe 21 forming a fuel supply passage 15 is connected to the upstream side wall 19 a of the fuel header 19. As shown in FIG. 3, the fuel introduction chamber 11 diffuses the fuel F supplied from the fuel supply passage 15 in the plane direction orthogonal to the injection direction Z, and each premixed fuel from the diffusion portion 11a. It has the introduction part 11b provided in every pre-mixing channel | path 9 which introduce | transduces the fuel F toward the channel | path 9. As shown in FIG. In the example of illustration, the introducing | transducing part 11b is formed as a channel which protrudes toward downstream from the downstream side wall of the spreading | diffusion part 11a.

  In the illustrated example, the fuel supply pipe 21 is disposed immediately upstream of the introduction portion 11 b. More specifically, the fuel supply pipe 21 crosses the slit-shaped injection port 5 in the longitudinal direction (hereinafter referred to as "slit longitudinal direction") X (hereinafter referred to as the "slit transverse direction"). The plurality of (five in this example) of the introduction portions 11 b arranged in Y is disposed immediately upstream of the introduction portion 11 b disposed at the center. A straightening vane 23 is provided at a portion corresponding to the downstream side of the fuel supply pipe 21 at the inlet of the introduction portion 11b. The fuel F supplied to the diffusion portion 11 a of the fuel introduction chamber 11 through the fuel supply passage 15 in the fuel supply pipe 21 collides with the straightening plate 23 and is diffused in a plane direction orthogonal to the injection direction Z. It is equally introduced into the introductory part 11b. However, the current plate 23 may be omitted.

  The fuel header 19 is disposed apart from any of the burner wall 3 and the upstream side wall 7a which are the downstream side wall of the casing 7 and in contact with the peripheral wall 7b of the casing 7. Of the space in the casing 7 divided by the fuel header 19 into the upstream portion and the downstream portion, the downstream portion forms the air introduction chamber 13. An air supply pipe 25 is connected to the peripheral wall of the upstream side portion of the space in the casing 7, and the fuel header 19 penetrates the fuel header 19 in the injection direction Z to connect the upstream side portion and the downstream side portion. An air communication passage 27 is provided to communicate. A passage in the air supply pipe 25, an upstream portion of a space in the casing 7 and an air communication passage 27 form an air supply passage 17. The fuel header 19 may be separated from the peripheral wall 7 b of the casing 7.

  In the present embodiment, as shown in FIG. 4, the premix passage 9 is formed so that the passage area gradually decreases toward the injection port 5. In the illustrated example, the pre-mixing passage 9 is formed between the partition walls 31 and 31 provided on the upstream side from the side edges of the slit-like injection port 5 of the burner wall 3. The partition wall 31 divides the premix passage 9 and the air introduction chamber 13 from each other. The opposing inner wall surfaces 31a, 31a of the partition wall 31 are inclined so as to approach each other from the upstream side toward the downstream side, so that the passage width of the premix passage 9 in the slit transverse direction Y is the injection port 5 The pre-mixing passage 9 is formed such that the passage area gradually decreases toward the injection port 5. The passage width in the slit longitudinal direction X of the premix passage 9 is constant from the upstream side to the downstream side. The ratio of the passage width in the slit transverse direction Y between the upstream end and the downstream end of the premixing passage 9 is preferably in the range of 10: 9 to 10: 3, and is 10: 6 in this embodiment.

  At the upstream end of the partition wall 31, an air inlet (assisting gas inlet) 33 for introducing the air A from the air inlet chamber 13 into the premix passage 9 is formed. The bottom wall (downstream side wall) 35 of the introduction portion 11 b of the fuel introduction chamber 11 is provided to abut on the upstream end surface of the partition wall 31 forming the premix passage 9. A fuel inlet (fuel gas inlet) 37 communicating with the air inlet 33 of the partition wall 31 is formed on the bottom wall 35 of the inlet 11b. The fuel F in the fuel introduction chamber 11 is introduced into the air introduction port 33 in the direction intersecting the flow direction of the air A by the fuel introduction port 37.

  In the present embodiment, as shown in FIG. 5 which is a cross-sectional view taken along the line VV of FIG. 4, the air inlet 33 is a plurality of air inlet holes penetrating the partition wall 31 arranged along the slit longitudinal direction X. It is provided. Further, the fuel introduction port 37 is provided as a plurality of fuel introduction holes penetrating the bottom wall 35 of the introduction portion 11b, which are arranged along the slit longitudinal direction X so as to correspond to the air introduction holes. However, the aspect of the air inlet 33 is not limited to this example, and may be, for example, one or more slit-like openings extending along the longitudinal direction. The aspect of the fuel inlet 37 is not limited to this example, and may be, for example, one or more slit-like openings extending along the longitudinal direction.

  In the present embodiment, the air introduction chamber 13 guides the cooling portion 13a which causes the air A from the air supply passage 17 to collide with the burner wall 3 and the auxiliary gas which collides with the burner wall 3 in the cooling portion 13a to the premix passage 9 And a guide portion 13b.

  More specifically, as shown in FIG. 4, the plurality of introduction parts 11 b of the fuel introduction chamber 11 are disposed apart from each other in the slit transverse direction Y, and the position between the adjacent introduction parts 11 b and 11 b The air communication passage 27 of the air supply passage 17 is disposed. In other words, the plurality of introduction portions 11 b of the fuel introduction chamber 11 and the air communication path 27 are alternately arranged along the slit transverse direction Y. In the illustrated example, a plurality of air communication paths 27 are provided in line along the slit longitudinal direction X at positions between the introduction portions 11 b.

  The opposing side walls of the adjacent introduction portions 11 b arranged in this manner form a guide wall 41 for guiding the air A injected from the air communication passage 27 toward the burner wall 3. The upstream side portion of the air introduction chamber 13 has such a structure, whereby the cooling portion which cools the burner wall 3 by causing the air A injected from the air communication passage 27 of the air supply passage 17 to collide with the burner wall 3 13a is formed. In the illustrated example, the cooling portion 13 a of the air introduction chamber 13 and the fuel introduction portion 11 b of the fuel introduction chamber 11 are divided by the guide wall 41.

  By causing the air A to collide with the burner wall 3 to cool the burner wall 3, burnout of the burner wall 3 facing the high temperature combustion area R is prevented. Moreover, in the illustrated example, the air communication passage 27 having a passage area narrower than the upstream side and extending in the direction orthogonal to the burner wall 3 is provided at the most downstream part of the air supply passage 17. This structure promotes the cooling of the burner wall 3 because the air A is injected from the air communication passage 27 while being rectified toward the burner wall 3. However, the configuration of the air supply passage 17 is not limited to the illustrated example.

  Each guide wall 41 extends downstream of the air inlet 33 provided at the upstream end of the partition wall 31. In this way, the passage between the extension 41a extending to the downstream side of the air inlet 33 of the guide wall 41 and the partition wall 31 is the air A that has collided with the burner wall 3 in the cooling unit 13a. A guide portion 13 b is formed which leads to the premix passage 9 through the inlet 33.

  The bottom wall 35 (i.e., the upstream side wall of the pre-mixing passage 9) of the fuel introduction portion 11b is formed in a cross-sectional shape as a projecting portion 35a whose central portion protrudes downstream. More specifically, in the illustrated example, the bottom wall 35 of the fuel introduction portion 11b is formed as a projecting portion 35a whose central portion protrudes in a mountain shape toward the downstream side in the cross-sectional shape. The position of the downstream end of the protrusion 35 a is downstream of the position of the upstream end of the air inlet 33. By this configuration, the premixed mixture M of the air A and the fuel F introduced from the air inlet 33 into the premix passage 9 in the direction substantially orthogonal to the injection direction Z is a protrusion 35a. The collision causes a turbulent flow of the premixed gas M to promote the premixing. However, it is not essential to form the protrusion 35 a on the bottom wall 9 a of the premix passage 9.

  According to the burner device 1 according to the present embodiment described above, the premix passage 9 has a shape that is tapered toward the injection port 5, so that the premixed mixture M is injected from the injection port 5. Since the flow velocity increases, it is possible to effectively prevent the flashback phenomenon. Moreover, by making the injection port 5 into a slit shape, the above-mentioned tapered shape can be realized with a simple structure, and the combustion by adjusting the slit length or adjusting the number of the injection ports 5 arranged in parallel. Adjustment of the amount is easy in design.

  In addition, the burner apparatus 1 which concerns on this embodiment can be applied not only to the above-mentioned boiler apparatus and gas turbine but to other types of power devices.

  As described above, although the preferred embodiments have been described with reference to the drawings, various additions, modifications or deletions can be made without departing from the spirit of the present invention. Therefore, such is also included in the scope of the present invention.

1 burner device 5 injection port 9 premixing passage 11 fuel introduction chamber (fuel gas introduction chamber)
13 Air introduction room (support gas introduction room)
13a Cooling part 13b Guide part 15 Fuel supply passage (fuel gas supply passage)
17 Air supply passage (supporting gas supply passage)
31 compartment wall 33 air inlet (supporting gas supply port)
37 Fuel inlet (fuel gas inlet)
41 Guide wall A Air (support gas)
F fuel (fuel gas)
M Premixture R combustion area

Claims (5)

A burner apparatus comprising a burner for supplying a premixed mixture of a fuel gas and a support gas to a combustion region, the burner apparatus comprising:
A slit-like injection port formed on a burner wall facing the combustion area for injecting a premixed gas into the combustion area;
A premixing passage into which fuel gas and auxiliary fuel gas are introduced and the fuel gas and auxiliary fuel gas are premixed toward the injection port, and the passage area is formed so as to gradually decrease toward the injection port A premix passage,
Burner device comprising: In the burner apparatus according to claim 1,
An auxiliary gas introduction chamber for introducing auxiliary gas into the premix passage;
An auxiliary gas supply passage for supplying auxiliary gas from the outside to the auxiliary gas introduction chamber;
Equipped with
The auxiliary gas introduction chamber is
A cooling unit for causing the combustion assisting gas from the combustion assisting gas supply passage to collide with the burner wall; a guide unit for guiding the combustion assisting gas that has collided to the burner wall in the cooling unit to the premixing passage;
Burner device having In the burner device according to claim 2,
A fuel gas introduction chamber for introducing a fuel gas into the premix passage;
A combustion-supporting gas inlet formed in a partition wall that partitions the premix passage and the guide portion;
A fuel gas inlet for introducing a fuel gas from the fuel gas inlet chamber to the auxiliary fuel gas inlet in a direction intersecting the flow direction of the auxiliary fuel gas;
Burner device comprising:   The burner apparatus according to claim 3, wherein the cooling portion and the fuel gas introduction chamber are divided by a guide wall forming the cooling portion of the auxiliary fuel gas introduction chamber.   The burner apparatus according to claim 4, wherein the plurality of injection ports are provided parallel to each other at equal intervals.

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