JP2019090603A - Sprinkling tray, three-fluid heat exchanger, and wet humidity controller - Google Patents

Abstract

To disperse liquid toward a bottom surface direction in a sprinkling tray, and reduce clogging of holes on the sprinkling tray, in providing the sprinkling tray above an object to be sprinkled and sprinkling liquid to the object to be sprinkled from the holes on the bottom surface of the sprinkling tray.SOLUTION: A sprinkling tray 108 is provided above a heat transfer pipe 106 as an object to be sprinkled, has a plurality of holes formed on its bottom surface, and is configured to supply hygroscopic liquid from the plurality of holes to the heat transfer pipe 106. On the bottom surface of the sprinkling tray 108, a nonwoven fabric 11 is laid, the nonwoven fabric configured to diffuse hygroscopic liquid in a bottom surface direction by capillary action. The plurality of holes communicate with each other on the bottom surface by the nonwoven fabric. The nonwoven fabric 11 employs a multilayer structure, and has a filter structure where an upper layer is a finer filter than a lower layer.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 1

Description

  The present invention relates to a spread tray for supplying liquid to a spread target, a three-fluid heat exchanger provided with the spread tray, and a wet humidity control apparatus provided with the three-fluid heat exchanger.

  Conventionally, a heat exchanger that performs heat exchange between a heat transfer fluid and a target liquid by dripping the target fluid outside the heat transfer pipe through which the heat source fluid is circulated and flowing the surface of the heat transfer pipe is a refrigerator Adopted by air conditioners, etc. For example, as a heat exchanger used in a wet humidity control apparatus, the applicant has proposed a heat exchanger in which a heat transfer pipe and a filler are repeatedly arranged in the vertical direction, and air is brought into contact with a hygroscopic liquid there. (Japanese Patent Application No. 2016-081871). The heat exchanger is a three-fluid heat exchanger in which heat fluid, a hygroscopic liquid, and air perform heat exchange.

  In this three-fluid heat exchanger, the hygroscopic liquid which is the target liquid flows on the outer surface of the heat transfer tube and exchanges heat with the heat source fluid flowing inside the heat transfer tube, whereby the hygroscopic liquid is cooled or heated. The lower packing material makes sufficient air-liquid contact with the air, and it is cooled or heated again by flowing through the outer surface of the lower heat transfer tube, and by repeating this, the water absorption capacity and the water release capacity are restored, Water can be delivered more efficiently.

  In such a heat transfer tube, it is advantageous in terms of heat exchange efficiency that the target liquid is sufficiently spread on the outer surface of the heat transfer tube (a large wet area). If there is a portion where the target liquid does not flow on the outer surface of the heat transfer tube, the heat exchange rate between the heat source fluid and the hygroscopic liquid which is the target liquid is lowered accordingly.

  As a device for widening the wetted area of the outer surface of the heat transfer tube, in the absorption chiller heater of Patent Document 1, a tray for evenly supplying the target liquid to the heat transfer tube is provided above the heat transfer tube. . A plurality of holes are formed in the bottom of the tray, and the absorbing liquid received by the tray is uniformly discharged (dropped) downward from the holes.

  Further, in the liquid dispersion device of the absorption type refrigerator described in Patent Document 2, a liquid reservoir portion having a plurality of liquid supply ports perforated at the bottom portion is provided above the heat transfer plate, and a capillary tube is directly below the liquid reservoir portion. A liquid diffusion bar using a fibrous metal material having a large action is provided, and after the liquid is diffused by the liquid diffusion bar, it is supplied to the heat transfer plate below it.

JP, 2009-236477, A Unexamined-Japanese-Patent No. 10-2633 gazette

  However, in the conventional tray or liquid reservoir, in order to drop the target liquid uniformly from the plurality of holes formed on the bottom surface, a liquid level of a certain height or more is secured in the tray or liquid reservoir, that is, liquid It is necessary to raise the head (the liquid pool is formed and the liquid surface is formed away from the bottom surface). By raising the liquid head, water pressure is uniformly applied to the entire bottom surface, and an equal amount of target liquid is discharged from each hole. However, in order to set up the liquid head, the tray or liquid reservoir needs to have a corresponding height, which causes a problem that space saving becomes difficult. In particular, when the trays of a plurality of stages are vertically overlapped as in the above-described three-fluid heat exchanger, the problem of the space in the vertical direction becomes remarkable.

  Further, in the tray of Patent Document 1 and the liquid reservoir of Patent Document 2, there is a problem that the holes formed on the bottom surface of the tray in the process of use are clogged by dust, precipitates and the like. This phenomenon is particularly noticeable when it is intended to uniformly and densely supply the outer fluid to the lower heat transfer member by the plurality of holes. This is advantageous in that the heat transfer member is more evenly wetted by the extra-tube fluid, although it is advantageous for the number of holes to be larger, but in order to maintain a constant fluid head when the spray fluid volume remains unchanged, Since the height of the liquid head is roughly determined by the sum of the fluid volume and the area of the holes (Trichelli's theorem), the diameter of each hole is decreased by the increased number of holes to match the total area of the holes. It is necessary to

  The object of the present invention is to provide a spray tray above the spray target and spray the liquid from the holes on the bottom of the spray tray to the spray target by equalizing the pressure applied to the bottom of the spray tray by raising the liquid head. By spreading the liquid evenly from each hole without relying on the above, the space for securing the liquid head is eliminated. Another object of the invention is to reduce clogging of the holes of the distribution tray.

  In order to achieve the above object, the spray tray according to one aspect of the present invention is provided above the spray target, and a plurality of holes are formed on the bottom surface to supply liquid to the spray target from the plurality of holes. A diffusion tray comprising a diffusion member on the bottom surface for diffusing the liquid in the direction of the bottom surface by capillary action, and the plurality of holes communicate with the diffusion member on the bottom surface It has a configuration. The diffusion member may be a sheet-like member such as a non-woven fabric, for example, which is laid in the scattering tray.

  With this configuration, the liquid supplied to the distribution tray is dispersed in the bottom direction by the diffusion member, and the plurality of holes communicate with each other by the diffusion member. The amount of liquid supplied to the subject is homogenized. In addition, since the liquid passes through the diffusion member before being discharged from the hole, the diffusion member functions as a filter to reduce clogging of the hole due to dust and the like.

  The diffusion member may have a multi-layered structure, and may have a layer having the most fine filter structure above the lowermost layer.

  Since the liquid supplied to the distribution tray is discharged downward from the plurality of holes in the bottom surface, a flow in the bottom direction toward the holes occurs at the bottom of the diffusion member (near the bottom surface of the distribution tray). Therefore, if the filter structure of the diffusion member is rough at the top and fine at the bottom, debris that could not be trapped at the top of the diffusion member will be concentrated and captured near the holes in the bottom, preventing the flow of liquid through the holes. Will be On the other hand, if fine dust is collected in the layer above the lowermost layer of the diffusion member, the liquid flows downward through the diffusion member even if clogging occurs in any place of that layer. The light is diffused toward the bottom, and the lowermost layer (near the bottom of the spray tray) provides a sufficient diffusion effect. In the above configuration, fine dust is captured in the layer above the lowermost layer, so clogging near the holes in the bottom of the diffusion member is reduced, and liquid can be more uniformly supplied in the plurality of holes.

  The diffusion member may have a multilayer structure, and holes may be formed at positions corresponding to the holes in the lowermost layer.

  With this configuration, the lowermost layer functions as a diffusion layer and can prevent clogging at the position of the holes.

  A hole may be formed in the diffusion member, and the hole formed in the bottom surface may have a portion overlapping the hole of the diffusion member and a portion overlapping the diffusion member.

  According to this configuration, the liquid is smoothly introduced from the edge of the hole of the diffusion member in the hole of the bottom to the hole of the bottom without dripping in the peripheral portion of the hole of the bottom and drips from the hole of the bottom Be done.

  Another aspect of the present invention is a three-fluid heat exchanger provided with the heat transfer member as the object to be dispersed and the above-mentioned distribution tray for circulating the heat source fluid inside, the outside of the heat transfer member Air is supplied, and heat exchange is performed between the heat source fluid, the liquid, and the air.

  Also according to this configuration, the liquid supplied to the distribution tray is dispersed in the bottom direction by the diffusion member, and since the plurality of holes communicate with each other by the diffusion member, the heat transfer members below are supplied from the respective holes. Since the amount of liquid is equalized and the diffusion member is on the bottom of the hole, the diffusion member functions as a filter to reduce clogging of the hole by dust and the like.

  Yet another aspect of the present invention is a wet humidity control apparatus provided with the above-described three-fluid heat exchanger.

  Also according to this configuration, the liquid supplied to the distribution tray is dispersed in the bottom direction by the diffusion member, and since the plurality of holes communicate with each other by the diffusion member, the heat transfer members below are supplied from the respective holes. Since the amount of liquid is equalized and the diffusion member is on the bottom of the hole, the diffusion member functions as a filter to reduce clogging of the hole by dust and the like.

  According to the present invention, the amount of the liquid supplied from the respective holes to the objects to be dispersed below is uniformed without setting the liquid head in the scattering tray, and a space for securing the liquid level becomes unnecessary. The diffusion member functions as a filter to reduce clogging of pores due to dust, precipitates and the like.

Cross-sectional view of a wet humidity control apparatus provided with a three-fluid heat exchanger including a distribution tray according to an embodiment of the present invention Partially enlarged cross-sectional view of the spray tray according to the embodiment of the present invention Partially enlarged cross-sectional view of a scattering tray according to a modification of the embodiment of the present invention

  Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. The embodiment described below shows an example in the case of practicing the present invention, and the present invention is not limited to the specific configuration described below. In the implementation of the present invention, a specific configuration according to the embodiment may be adopted as appropriate.

  FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view of a wet humidity control apparatus provided with a three-fluid heat exchanger including a spray tray according to the present embodiment. The wet humidity control apparatus 100 includes a housing 101 having an inlet 102 and an outlet 103. The exhaust port 103 has a fan 104 for exhausting air, and forcibly exhausts the air in the housing 101, and also returns air to be treated from the humidity control target space through the intake port 102 or air to be treated such as outside air. Load in the case 101. The exhaust port 103 is connected to the humidity control target space through a duct or the like, and the dehumidified air is discharged from the exhaust port 103 to the humidity control target space.

In the housing 101, a distribution pipe 105, a heat transfer pipe 106, a plurality of filling materials 107 constituting a gas-liquid contact means, a scattering tray 108 disposed below each filling material 107 and above each heat transfer pipe 106. And a solution tank 109. The plurality of heat transfer tubes 106, the plurality of fillers 107, and the plurality of distribution trays 108 are unitized as a three-fluid heat exchanger 110. The distribution pipe 105 is a pipe disposed above the three-fluid heat exchanger 110, and on the lower surface thereof, a plurality of distribution ports for dropping the hygroscopic liquid which is a target liquid of heat exchange downward in the pipe axial direction It is formed along.

  The distribution pipe 105 drops the hygroscopic liquid from these distribution ports to supply the hygroscopic liquid to the upper part of the three-fluid heat exchanger 110. The hygroscopic liquid supplied to the three-fluid heat exchanger 110 sequentially flows from the upper stage to the lower stage in the three-fluid heat exchanger 110 by natural flow due to gravity and drops into the solution tank 109. Here, natural flow refers to flowing the hygroscopic liquid by gravity acting on the hygroscopic liquid, surface tension, etc., and a pump for flowing the hygroscopic liquid after it is supplied to the three-fluid heat exchanger 110. It means that it does not need a power source such as The solution tank 109 receives and temporarily holds the hygroscopic liquid dropped through the three-fluid heat exchanger 110.

  The heat transfer tube 106 is a weir having a circular cross section, and a refrigerant as a heat transfer fluid flows inside. The refrigerant flows into the heat transfer tube 106 from the lower side of the three-fluid heat exchanger 110 and is discharged from the upper side of the three-fluid heat exchanger 110 through the heat transfer tube 106. Alternatively, the refrigerant may be introduced into the heat transfer pipe 106 from above the three-fluid heat exchanger 110 and discharged through the heat transfer pipe 106 from below the three-fluid heat exchanger 110.

  In each heat transfer tube 106, the ends of the straight portions extending in the horizontal direction (horizontal direction) in FIG. 1 are bent in a U-shape or U-shape in the horizontal plane to space the plurality of linear portions in the horizontal direction The linear portions are spaced apart in the vertical direction with the filler 107 in between, and at the left and right ends of FIG. 1, the ends are vertically U-shaped or U-shaped. By being folded and connected to the upper step, it is configured as a single meanderingly extending tube without branching as a whole. The heat transfer tube 106 may be a plurality of systems instead of one tube, and may be branched in the middle.

  Arrows in FIG. 1 indicate the flow of air. The air to be treated taken into the case 101 from the air inlet 102 flows upward from the lower side in the case 101, passes through the three-fluid heat exchanger 110, and is discharged from the air outlet 103 to the humidity control target space. Be done. As described above, the hygroscopic liquid flows downward from above in the three-fluid heat exchanger 110, while the air to be treated flows in from below the three-fluid heat exchanger 110 and is discharged from above. The hygroscopic liquid and the air to be treated flow oppositely in the vertical direction.

  An air flow unit that takes in air to be treated by the casing 101 having the inlet 102 and the outlet 103 and the fan 104 for exhaustion, passes the inside of the three-fluid heat exchanger 110, and discharges it to the humidity adjustment target space. Configured Further, the distribution pipe 105 corresponds to a supply means for supplying the hygroscopic liquid to the upper part of the three-fluid heat exchanger 110.

  Thus, three fluids of a hygroscopic liquid, refrigerant (heat medium fluid), and air to be treated flow into the three-fluid heat exchanger 110, and heat is generated between the three fluids in the three-fluid heat exchanger 110. Exchange takes place. That is, the hygroscopic liquid is cooled by the refrigerant through the heat transfer pipe 106 by coming into contact with the outside of the heat transfer pipe 106, and the air to be treated is brought into direct contact (gas-liquid contact) with the hygroscopic liquid. It is cooled by contacting the outside of the In addition, the hygroscopic liquid comes into contact with the air to be treated at a temperature higher than that of the hygroscopic liquid, and the heat of absorption (the heat of condensation of water vapor and the heat of dilution of the solution) due to the absorption of water vapor in the air to be treated. Will rise. Thus, the three-fluid heat exchanger 110 has a configuration in which the hygroscopic liquid, the refrigerant (heat medium fluid), and the air to be treated are brought into direct or indirect contact with each other. At 110, heat and material (water) transfer, ie, heat exchange of both sensible heat and latent heat, are performed.

  Further explaining the three-fluid heat exchanger 110, in the three-fluid heat exchanger 110, the distribution tray 108, the heat transfer pipe 106, and the filler 107 are repeatedly arranged in this order from the top. The spray tray 108 has side surfaces and a bottom surface, and a plurality of holes are formed on the bottom surface at predetermined intervals. The spreader tray 108 holds the hygroscopic liquid dropped from above at the top of the bottom and drops it downward from the hole. The bottom hole is formed above the heat transfer tube 106 so that the dripped hygroscopic liquid is supplied to the lower heat transfer tube 106. That is, the target (dispersion target) to which the distribution tray 108 disperses the hygroscopic liquid is the heat transfer tube 106 in the present embodiment.

  The filler 107 is composed of a large number of fins in order to increase the surface area per unit volume. Each fin is processed into a corrugated uneven shape. Adjacent fins are pasted together in a direction in which the directions of the waves cross each other at a certain angle, that is, adjacent fins are arranged such that peaks and valleys are in point contact with each other. It is glued. With such a configuration, the inside of the filler 107 is made porous, and a wide surface area per unit volume is secured, and the flowability of air is also secured.

  The filler 107 can be made by bonding sheets of glass fibers, ceramic fibers, etc. in addition to hydrophilic cellulose-based materials, or can be made by integrating cellulose, glass fibers, ceramic fibers, etc. with a binder or the like.

  FIG. 2 is a partial enlarged cross-sectional view of the distribution tray 108. As shown in FIG. A sheet-like non-woven fabric 11 which is a diffusion member is laid on the bottom surface 10 of the spray tray 108. The non-woven fabric 11 diffuses the hygroscopic liquid in the surface direction (the bottom surface direction of the distribution tray 108) by capillary action. In each of the spray trays 108, the hygroscopic liquid dropped from the filler 107 in the upper portion diffuses in the surface direction while being permeated into the non-woven fabric 11, and drips from the plurality of holes 12 formed in the bottom surface 10 into the heat transfer tubes 106 below. Be done. At this time, since the non-woven fabric 11 brings all the holes 12 formed in the bottom surface 10 into communication on the bottom surface 10 of the distribution tray 108, approximately equal amounts of hygroscopic liquid are discharged from the respective holes 12.

  As shown in FIG. 2, the non-woven fabric 11 has a three-layer structure including an upper layer 111, an intermediate layer 112, and a lower layer 113. The non-woven fabric 11 has a filter structure that supplements dust and the like contained in the hygroscopic liquid. Of the three layers, the upper layer 111 is the most fine grain, the lower layer 113 the most coarse grain, the upper layer 111 functions as a filter for capturing fine dust, and the middle layer 112 and the lower layer 113 are coarser than the upper layer 111 So it has virtually no filter function.

  As described above, since the liquid supplied to the distribution tray 108 is discharged downward from the plurality of holes 12 formed at intervals on the bottom surface 10, the lower layer 113 of the non-woven fabric 11 (near the bottom surface 10 of the distribution tray 108 In the case of), as shown in FIG. 2, a flow in the bottom direction toward the holes 12 will occur. Therefore, when the mesh of the non-woven fabric 11 is rough in the upper layer 111 and fine in the lower layer 113, dust that can not be captured by the upper layer 111 is concentrated and captured near the holes 12 of the lower layer 113, causing clogging. Distribution will be hindered.

  On the other hand, if the upper layer 111 is supplemented with sufficiently fine dust, even if clogging occurs in any place of the upper layer 111, the hygroscopic liquid diffuses downward in the nonwoven fabric 11 while flowing downward. In the lower layer 113 (near the bottom surface 10 of the spray tray 108), a sufficient diffusion effect is obtained. Therefore, by making the eyes in the upper layer 111 finer and making the eyes coarse in the lower layer 113, fine dust is captured in the upper layer 111 rather than the lower layer 113, and clogging of the non-woven fabric 11 may occur near the holes 12 in the bottom. This reduces the amount of liquid supplied to the holes 12 more uniformly.

  FIG. 3 is a partially enlarged cross-sectional view of a spray tray according to a modification of the embodiment of the present invention. In the example of FIG. 3, the non-woven fabric 11 'as the diffusion member has a two-layer structure of the upper layer 111' and the lower layer 113 'and is slightly smaller than the hole 12 at the position corresponding to the hole 12 of the lower layer 113'. Holes 114 are formed. Thus, by forming the holes in the lower layer 113 'at the positions corresponding to the holes 12 formed in the bottom surface 10 of the diffusion tray 108, the non-woven fabric 11' is clogged in the vicinity of the holes 12 through which the target liquid flows intensively. You can avoid that.

  Since the holes 114 of the non-woven fabric 11 ′ are smaller than the holes 12 of the bottom surface 10 of the scattering tray 108, the hygroscopic liquid that has diffused the non-woven fabric 11 ′ and reached the edge of the holes 114 smoothly passes the edges 12. Into the lower heat transfer tube 106 through the holes 12. If the holes 114 of the non-woven fabric 11 ′ are larger than the holes 12 of the bottom surface 10 of the scattering tray 108, the hygroscopic liquid that has penetrated to the edge of the holes 114 of the non-woven fabric 11 ′ is the holes 12 of the bottom surface 10 of the scattering tray 108. The hygroscopic liquid exuding from the edge of the hole 114 of the non-woven fabric 11 ′ in this part is repelled by the bottom surface 10 and hardly flows into the hole 12.

  The holes 114 of the non-woven fabric 11 ′ need not be smaller than the holes 12 of the bottom surface 10 of the scattering tray 108, and at least a part of the edge of the holes 114 may be hung on the holes 12 of the bottom surface 10. Also in this case, the hygroscopic liquid is pumped out from the edge of the hole 114 hanging on the hole 12 of the bottom surface 10 and is smoothly introduced into the hole 12 and dropped to the heat transfer tube 106 below.

  In the above embodiment, the scatter tray 108 is applied to a three-fluid heat exchanger of a wet humidity control apparatus. However, a plurality of holes are formed in the bottom surface 10 and the lower side from the plurality of holes is formed. The present invention can also be applied to other devices such as a refrigerator as a diffusion tray for supplying liquid to the heat transfer member of the above.

  In the above embodiment, a non-woven fabric is adopted as the diffusion member to be spread on the scattering tray 108. However, the diffusion member is not limited to the non-woven fabric, and it spreads the liquid in the direction of the bottom 10 of the scattering tray 108 by capillary action. I hope there is. For example, a porous member such as a sponge, a woven fabric, or a paper may be adopted as the diffusion member.

  Further, in the above embodiment, the non-woven fabric 11 has a three-layer structure or a two-layer structure, but the diffusion member is not limited to this and may have a single-layer structure or a multi-layer structure. In the above embodiment, the non-woven fabric 11 has a sheet-like shape, but the shape of the diffusion member is a shape that allows the adjacent holes 12 to communicate with each other on the bottom surface 10 of the scattering tray 108 Other shapes may be used.

  Further, in the above embodiment, the target (dispersion target) to which the target liquid is sprayed in the spray tray 108 is the heat transfer pipe, but the present invention is not limited to this. The target liquid may be sprayed to the heat transfer member of the shape of. Further, the object to be dispersed is not limited to the heat transfer member. For example, the object to be sprayed may be a filler used in a wet humidity control apparatus. In addition, water is also supplied to the filler in the vaporization type air cooler and the cooling tower, but by providing the scattering tray 108 of the present embodiment above the filler, the filler can be provided in the planar direction with respect to the filler. Water can be supplied evenly. Furthermore, the spray tray 108 of the present embodiment can also be applied to a watering apparatus for plants, with the plant as the spray target. As described above, the target of the target liquid to be sprayed by the spray tray 108 is not limited to the heat transfer tube, and is not limited to the heat transfer member.

According to the present invention, the amount of liquid supplied from the respective holes to the lower objects to be dispersed is equalized without setting the liquid head in the scattering tray, and the diffusion member functions as a filter to make the pores of the holes by dust or the like It has the effect of being able to reduce clogging, and is useful as a spread tray etc. which supplies liquid to spread objects.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 10 bottom 11, 11 'non-woven fabric 12 hole 100 wet humidity control apparatus 101 housing 102 intake port 103 exhaust port 104 fan 105 distribution pipe 106 heat transfer tube 107 filler 108 scattering tray 109 solution tank 110 three fluid heat exchanger 111, 111' Upper layer 112 Middle layer 113, 113 'Lower layer 114 holes

Claims (6)

There is provided a spray tray provided above the spray target, having a plurality of holes formed on the bottom, and supplying the liquid from the plurality of holes to the spray target,
And a diffusion member for diffusing the liquid toward the bottom surface by capillary action on the bottom surface,
The spreader tray, wherein the plurality of holes communicate with the diffusion member on the bottom surface.   The diffusion tray according to claim 1, wherein the diffusion member is a multilayer structure, and has a layer having the most fine filter structure in the upper layer above the lowermost layer.   The spread tray according to claim 1, wherein the diffusion member has a multilayer structure, and a hole is formed at a position corresponding to the hole of the lowermost layer. A hole is formed in the diffusion member,
The spread tray according to claim 1, wherein the hole formed in the bottom surface has a portion overlapping with the hole of the diffusion member and a portion overlapping with the diffusion member. A heat transfer member as the object to be sprayed, which is to circulate heat source fluid inside;
A scattering tray according to any one of claims 1 to 4;
A three-fluid heat exchanger comprising: an air supply to the outside of the heat transfer member to exchange heat between the heat source fluid, the liquid, and the air.   The wet humidity control apparatus provided with the three-fluid heat exchanger of Claim 5.

Images