JP2019082254A - Selector valve - Google Patents

Abstract

To provide a selector valve enabled by using itself to construct more easily a pressure type filtration device equipped with a plurality of filtration chambers.SOLUTION: A selector valve 30 is so constituted as can take the state in which raw water fed to the inside from a raw water entrance 32a is discharged from N raw water outflow ports 32b, and the state in which the raw water fed to the inside is discharged through (N-1) number of raw water passages 41a in a valve body 40 from (N-1) number of raw water discharge ports 32b, and in which the remaining one raw water discharge port 32b is discharged from an opening 32c through a cleaning water passage 41b in the valve body 40.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 4

Description

  The present invention relates to a switching valve, and more particularly to a switching valve used to construct a pressure type filtration device having a plurality of filtration chambers.

  As a filtration device for purifying raw water by filtration, a pressure type filtration device (a closed type filtration device) is known. In order to maintain the performance of the pressure type filtration device, it is necessary to periodically clean the filter medium and drain the water for stabilization of the filter medium particles. Backwashing (hereinafter referred to as backwashing) is one of the cleaning methods for filter media.

  Therefore, a system has been developed in which a plurality of pressure type filtration devices are combined so that each pressure type filtration device can be backwashed with filtered water obtained from other pressure type filtration devices (for example, see Patent Document 1) .

JP 2003-93808 A

  The above system requires a large number of valve devices (such as three-way valves) for its construction.

  Therefore, the object of the present invention is to use a pressure type filtration device which can clean each filtration chamber individually, which comprises a plurality of filtration chambers, by using it (the number of valve devices required can be reduced. To provide a switching valve that can be built in less ways.

  In order to solve the above problems, a switching valve for a pressure type filtration apparatus having a plurality of filtration chambers according to the present invention comprises a cylindrical side wall, a lid covering the upper end of the side wall, and the side wall And a bottom portion covering the lower end of the bottom wall, and the side wall portion includes N raw water outlet ports to be individually connected to the raw water inlets of the filtration chambers N times with respect to the center of the side wall portion. It is provided so as to be symmetrical, and the bottom portion is provided with a washing drainage port for discharging washing drainage, and filtration is performed in a portion above each raw water outlet of the lid portion or the side wall portion. A valve box provided with one or more raw water inlets for introducing raw water to be introduced into the valve box, a cylindrical valve body rotatably accommodated in the valve box, and vertically movable And position control means for controlling the vertical position and direction of the valve in the valve box. And, the valve box in the switching valve of the present invention has a shape capable of lowering the valve body to a first position where the upper surface position of the valve body is lower than the lower ends of the N raw water outlets. In the valve body, N pieces open on the side surface of the valve body so as to be opposed to the N raw water outlet ports of the valve box when the upper surface position of the valve body is the second position. A flow path is provided, and a part of the N flow paths is a flow path for washing and draining that communicates the side surface and the lower surface of the valve body, and the washing and drainage water in the N flow paths Each flow path that is not a flow path is a raw water flow path that communicates the side surface and the upper surface of the valve body, and the position control unit is configured so that the upper surface position of the valve body is the first position, The function of controlling the vertical position of the valve body in the valve box, the upper surface position of the valve body is the second position, and the washing drainage As the opening faces the desired raw water outlet of the valve body at the side surface of the valve body of the flow channel, and a function of controlling the vertical position and orientation within the valve casing of the valve body.

That is, the switching valve of the present invention can be in the following states.
(1) A state in which raw water supplied from the one or more raw water inlets into the switching valve is supplied to the N (3 3) filtration chambers from the raw water inlet of each filtration chamber (the upper surface of the valve body is In the first position)
(2) m (m is a natural number smaller than N / 2; normally, 1) the raw water inlets of the filtration chambers and the washing and discharging ports are communicated with each other, and the raw water supplied into the switching valve is the remaining N -The condition where the filter is supplied from the raw water inlet of each filtration chamber to m filtration chambers (the upper surface of the valve is at the second position, and the opening on the side of the valve in the washing and draining channel is the desired original of the valve box State facing the water outlet)

  Therefore, if the switching valve of the present invention is used, it is possible to provide a pressure type filtration device which has N filtration chambers and can backwash m filtration chambers with filtrate water from other N-m filtration chambers. It can be constructed (manufactured) without using a large number of valve devices.

  When realizing the switching valve according to the present invention, as position control means, up and down drive to move the valve up and down so that the upper surface position of the valve moves within the range from the first position to the second position Motion conversion means for converting the vertical movement of the valve body into rotational movement about the central axis of the valve body and rotating the valve body by “360 / N” degrees in one reciprocating movement of the valve body; , And the valve body is raised by the upper and lower driving means, and when the upper surface position thereof becomes the second position, N flow paths opened on the side surface of the valve body are N It may be accommodated in the valve box so as to face individual raw water outlet.

  Various means can be adopted as the motion conversion means and the vertical drive means in the position control means having the functions / configurations as described above. For example, as a motion conversion means, a cylindrical member fixed to any one of the valve body and the valve box and provided with a cam groove on its side surface, and moved in the cam groove of the cylindrical member A means may be employed that includes a cam follower fixed to the other of the valve body and the valve box. In addition, as a vertical drive means, means for causing the valve body to move up and down with air pressure, hydraulic pressure or a motor (for example, by moving the piston vertically moving and rotating with the valve body in the cylinder with air pressure or hydraulic pressure) A means for vertically moving the valve body or a means for vertically moving the valve body by vertically moving and rotating a shaft with the valve body by a motor may be employed.

  By using the switching valve of the present invention, a pressure type filtration apparatus provided with a plurality of filtration chambers can be constructed (made) in a simpler manner than in the past (in the form that the number of valve devices required is smaller than in the past). can do.

FIG. 1 is a top view of a pressure type filtration apparatus manufactured using a switching valve according to an embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 2 is a front view of a pressure type filtration device. FIG. 3 is an explanatory view of the internal structure of the pressure type filtration device. FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view of the switching valve cut in a plane passing through the center of the switching valve. FIG. 5 is an explanatory view of the configuration (shape) of the valve body in the switching valve. FIG. 6 is a developed view of a shaft portion which is a component of the switching valve. FIG. 7 is an explanatory view of the configuration of the switching valve. FIG. 8 is a cross-sectional view of the switching valve, taken along line A-A in FIG. FIG. 9 is an explanatory view of the configuration of the switching valve. FIG. 10A is an explanatory view of a path of raw water and the like at the time of the filtration process of the pressure type filtration device. FIG. 10B is an explanatory view of a path of raw water and the like at the time of the backwashing step of the pressure type filtration device. FIG. 10C is an explanatory view of a path of raw water and the like at the time of a flush process of the pressure type filtration device. FIG. 11 is an explanatory view of a modification of the switching valve. FIG. 12 is a cross-sectional view of a pressure type filtration device that can be manufactured using a switching valve. FIG. 13 is a top view of the pressure type filtration device shown in FIG.

  Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.

  The top view of the pressure type filtration apparatus 1 manufactured using FIG. 1 using the switching valve 30 which concerns on one Embodiment of this invention is shown. Moreover, the front view of the pressure type filtration apparatus 1, and explanatory drawing of the internal structure of the pressure type filtration apparatus 1 are shown to FIG. 2, FIG. 3, respectively.

  The pressure type filtration device 1 is a pressure type filtration device to which the principle of the self-countercurrent washing type filtration basin is applied. As shown in FIGS. 1 to 3, the pressure type filtration device 1 includes a filtration device main body 10, a raw water pipe 20, filtered water pipes 22 a to 22 c, a flush pipe 23 and the like.

  The raw water pipe 20 (FIG. 3) is a pipe for supplying water (hereinafter referred to as raw water) to be purified by the filtration device body 10 to the filtration device body 10. The filtration device main body 10 filters the raw water supplied through the raw water pipe 20, and the filtration result of the raw water (hereinafter referred to as filtered water) is the filtered water outlet 22d which is the open end of the filtered water pipe 22a (see FIG. It is a device to drain from 2). As shown in FIGS. 1 and 3, a raw water chamber 11, six filtration chambers 12 and a water purification chamber 13 are provided in the filtration device main body 10. Moreover, the switching valve 30 which concerns on this embodiment is attached to the upper surface center part of the filtration apparatus main body 10. As shown in FIG.

  The switching valve 30 according to the present embodiment is a six-way valve developed as one for the pressure type filtration device 1 (filtration device main body 10). As shown in FIG. 3, the switching valve 30 is composed of a switching valve main body 30 a housed in the outer shell 10 a of the filtration device main body 10 and a drive portion 30 b projecting from the outer shell 10 a.

  The switching valve main body 30a is a unit (valve device) in which a cylindrical valve body 40 moves up and down and rotates in a cylindrical valve box with a bottom and a lid. As shown in FIG. 3, six raw water inlets 32a are provided at equal angular intervals on the upper side of the valve box of the switching valve body 30a. Further, six raw water outlets 32b are provided at equal angular intervals in a portion below the raw water inlets 32a on the side surface of the valve box of the switching valve main body 30a. Furthermore, an opening 32c that functions as an outlet for washing and drainage (details will be described later) is provided on the lower surface of the switching valve main body 30a, and the opening 32c includes the filtration device main body 10 vertically downward. The drainage pipe 24 extended outside the shell 10a is connected.

  Before the detailed description of the switching valve 30 (the switching valve main body portion 30a and the driving portion 30b), the configuration of the pressure type filtration device 1 other than the switching valve 30 will be described here.

  The raw water chamber 11 (FIG. 3) is a portion (container) to which raw water is supplied by the raw water pipe 20. The shape of the raw water chamber 11 (the component of the raw water chamber 11, the shape of the partition into which the switching valve main body 30a is inserted, etc.) is the same as that of the raw water supplied from the raw water pipe 20. It is determined to be the raw water inlet 32a of 30a. Furthermore, the outlet of the raw water supplied from the raw water inlet 32a to the switching valve main body 30a is determined to be only the six raw water outlets 32b of the switching valve main body 30a.

  In each filtration chamber 12 (FIG. 3), the filter material 12a is placed on a water collecting plate 15 (a partition plate on which a strainer or the like is disposed for supporting filter material 12a, collecting filtered water, and dispersing backwash water). It is a placed unit. In the filtration chamber 12 according to the present embodiment, the water collecting plate 15 functions as a filtered water outlet. Further, although anthracite, manganese sand and filtration gravel are shown as the filter medium 12a in FIG. 3, the filter medium 12a is for removing impurities contained in the raw water, and the type, particle diameter and uniformity coefficient of the filter medium 12a. Etc. are determined by the component to be removed and the concentration.

  As shown in FIG. 1, each filtration chamber 12 has a shape in which the main part of the internal space of the filtration device main body 10 (outer shell 10 a) is radially divided equally into six from the center of the filtration device main body 10 . The switching valve 30 is attached to the filtration device main body 10 so that raw water can be supplied from only one raw water outlet 32 b corresponding to each filtration chamber 12.

  The water purification chamber 13 (FIG. 3) is a space below the water collecting plate 15 in the six filtration chambers 12 in the filtration device body 10. As illustrated, in the water purification chamber 13, one end of a filtered water pipe 22b extending to the lower surface of the switching valve main body 30a is inserted in such a manner that the drainage pipe 24 is accommodated therein. One end of a filtered water pipe 22c which extends substantially horizontally to the outside of the outer shell 10a of the filtering device main body 10 is connected to a portion of the filtered water pipe 22b above the upper surface of the filter medium 12a. The filtration water pipe 22a is connected to the other end of the filtration water pipe 22c, and the filtration water supplied from each filtration chamber 12 into the water purification chamber 13 in the filtration process of the raw water by the pressure type filtration device 1 is the filtration water pipe 22b. , 22c and 22a in this order and flows out of the filtered water outlet 22d.

  The reason that the filtered water is raised to a position above the upper surface of the filter medium 12a and then flowed out is that even if the supply amount of raw water is reduced due to some reason, the filter medium 12a is not contained in each filtration chamber 12. This is to ensure that a covering amount of water is present.

  As shown in FIG. 2, a filtered water valve 27 for turning on / off the flow of filtered water from the filtered water outlet 22d is provided in a portion near the filtered water outlet 22d of the filtered water pipe 22a. The filtered water pipe 22 a is connected to the drainage pipe 24 by a flush pipe 23 at a portion on the upstream side of the filtered water valve 27. In the middle of the flush pipe 23, a flush valve 28 is provided which can be opened when the filtered water flowing in the filtered water pipe 22 a flows out from the drain pipe 24.

  Hereinafter, the configuration of the switching valve 30 will be described using FIGS. 4 to 8. 4 is a cross-sectional view of the switching valve 30 taken along a plane passing through the center of the switching valve 30. As shown in FIG. However, in this cross-sectional view, hatching is omitted. FIGS. 5A and 5B are a plan view and a side view of the valve body 40, respectively. FIG. 6 is a developed view of a shaft portion 60 which is a component of the switching valve 30. As shown in FIG. FIG. 7 is an explanatory view of a possible positional relationship between the valve body 40 of the switching valve 30 and the raw water outlet 32b, and FIG. 8 is a sectional view of the switching valve 30 taken along line A-A in FIG. . FIG. 9 is an explanatory view of the configuration of the switching valve 30. As shown in FIG.

  As shown in FIG. 4, the switching valve 30 is divided by the isolation plate 38 into the switching valve main body 30 a and the driving part 30 b.

  First, the configuration of the switching valve main body 30a will be described. As shown in FIG. 4, the switching valve main body 30 includes an isolation plate 38, a housing 31, a valve body 40 and the like.

  The housing 31 is a member that functions as a valve box of the switching valve main body 30 a by being fixed to the isolation plate 38.

Six circular raw water inlets 32a of the same diameter are provided at equal angular intervals on the upper side of the housing 31. Six circular raw water outlets 32b of the same diameter are provided at equal angular intervals in a portion of the side surface of the housing 31 below each raw water inlet 32a. The diameter of the raw water outlet 32b is larger than the diameter of the raw water inlet 32a (in this embodiment, approximately 2.5 times the diameter of the raw water inlet 32a). Then, as illustrated, the housing 31 has a shape that allows the valve body 40 housed therein to be lowered to a position where the upper surface of the valve body 40 is lower than the lower end of each raw water outlet 32b. There is.

  The valve body 40 is a member having a shape shown in (A) and (B) of FIG. That is, the valve body 40 is a substantially cylindrical member. Further, in the inside of the valve body 40, there are five raw water flow paths 41a communicating between the upper surface and the side surface of the valve body 40, and a washing and drainage flow communicating the lower surface and the side surface of the valve body 40. A passage 41b is provided. Hereinafter, the opening on the side surface and the opening on the upper surface side of the valve body 40 of the raw water flow channel 41a will be respectively referred to as the side opening and the upper surface opening of the raw water flow channel 41a. Similarly, the opening on the side of the side of the valve body 40 and the opening on the lower side of the washing and draining channel 41b are referred to as the side and opening on the side and the bottom of the washing and draining channel 41b, respectively. .

  Each of the raw water flow paths 41 a provided in the valve body 40 is a flow path whose diameter (inner diameter) is substantially equal to that of the raw water inlet 32 a. Moreover, as shown to (A) of FIG. 5, (B), the flow path 41a for five raw waters has the same shape.

  The washing and drainage flow channel 41b provided in the valve body 40 is a flow channel having a flow channel cross-sectional area larger than that of the raw water channel 41a (in the embodiment, a circular flow channel having an inner diameter of approximately 2.5 times ). In the six flow paths (five raw water flow paths 41a and washing and drainage flow paths 41b) in the valve body 40, the center distance between adjacent two side openings is equal angular intervals (that is, 60 ° intervals) It is formed to be In addition, O-ring grooves (in the form of dovetails) having a shape covering the side openings at the side surfaces are provided on the side surfaces of the valve body 40. It is accommodated in the case 31 in the state.

  As shown in FIG. 4, a stem 45 for rotating and vertically moving the valve body 40 in the housing 31 is attached to a central portion of the valve body 40. The stem 45 extends through the opening (bearing portion) of the isolation plate 38 into the drive portion 30b, and the opening of the isolation plate 38 moves the stem 45 up and down while maintaining airtightness and water tightness. And it can be rotated.

  Next, the drive unit 30b of the switching valve 30 will be described. The drive part 30b of the switching valve 30 is a unit for vertically moving and rotating the valve body 40 in the switching valve main body part 30a (the housing 31). As shown in FIG. 4, the drive unit 30 b includes a housing 50, a piston 53, and a shaft unit 60.

  The housing 50 includes a cylindrical cylinder 52, a top cover 51 for closing the upper end of the cylinder 52, and the like. The top cover 51 is provided with a compressed air inlet 51 a into which the compressed air is introduced when the piston 53 is moved downward. Further, the isolation plate 38, which is the lower surface of the drive unit 30b, is provided with a compressed air inlet 38a into which the compressed air is introduced when the piston 53 is moved upward.

  The piston 53 is obtained by sealing the lower end of a cylindrical member 53b having an outer diameter slightly smaller than the inner diameter of the cylinder portion 52 with a disk-shaped member 53a. An O-ring groove is provided around the upper side and the lower side of the member 53 b of the piston 53, and the piston 53 is in a state where the O-ring is fitted in each O-ring groove 52) is inserted inside.

  In the vicinity of the upper end of the piston 53 (member 53b), a plurality of (six in this embodiment) cam followers 54 are attached at equal angular intervals.

  The shaft portion 60 is a cylindrical member fixed to the housing 50 (top cover 51). A cam groove 61 having a shape as shown in FIG. 6 is formed on the outer side surface of the shaft portion 60.

  That is, when the cam follower 61 located at the lower end of the cam groove 61 rises and reaches the upper end of the cam groove 61 along the cam groove 61, the cam groove 61 on the outer surface of the shaft portion 60 The relative angle with respect to the portion 60 has a shape that changes by 30 ° in a certain direction. In the cam groove 61, when the cam follower 54 located at the upper end of the cam groove 61 descends along the cam groove 61 and reaches the lower end of the cam groove 61, the relative angle of the cam follower 54 to the shaft portion 60 is the same. Have a shape that changes by 30 °.

The switching valve 30 is determined such that the size of each part (the length in the vertical direction of the cam groove 61, the attachment angle of the valve body 40 to the stem 45, etc.) satisfies the following conditions.
(1) When the cam follower 54 is located at the lower end of the cam groove 61, the upper surface of the valve body 40 is lower than the lower ends of the raw water outlet 32b provided in the housing 31 (see FIG. 4) ). (2) When the cam follower 54 is located at the upper end of the cam groove 61, the states shown in FIGS. 7 to 9, that is, the side openings of the flow paths 41a and 41b in the valve body 40 are switched It will be in the state facing each raw water outlet 32b of valve main part 30a.

  Hereinafter, the function of the pressure type filtration device 1 will be described. In the following description, the control device is a device (a type of computer) that controls the filtered water valve 27, the flush valve 28, and the switching valve 30 of the pressure type filtration device 1. The normal position is the position of the valve body 40 in the housing 31 (see FIG. 4) when the cam follower 54 is located at the lower end of the cam groove 61. The backwashing position is the position of the valve body 40 in the housing 31 (see FIG. 9) when the cam follower 54 is located at the upper end of the cam groove 61. In addition, the backwashing position for a certain filtration chamber 12 is the side surface of the cleaning drainage flow path 41b among the six types of backwashing positions in which the direction (rotation angle in the housing 31) of the valve 40 is different. It is the backwashing position where the side opening faces the filtration chamber 12.

  At the filtration step of raw water by the pressure type filtration device 1, the filtered water valve 27 is opened, the flush valve 28 is closed, and the filtered water valve 27, the flush valve 28, and the flush valve 28 are positioned in the normal position. The switching valve 30 is controlled by the controller. Hereinafter, the state in which the filtered water valve 27 is opened, the flush valve 28 is closed, and the valve body 40 is in the normal position is referred to as a filtering state.

  The upper surface of the valve body 40 located at the normal position is lower than the lower end of each raw water outlet 32 b of the housing 31 (FIG. 4). Moreover, the shape of each raw water outlet 32b is the same. Therefore, when the above-mentioned state for filtration is formed, the raw water which flowed in from the raw water chamber 11 into the switching valve main body 30a through the six raw water inlets 32a is divided into six filtration chambers 12 by the six raw water outlets 32b. It will be distributed equally.

  And since the filtration water valve 27 is open and the flush valve 28 is closed in the filtration state, as shown schematically in FIG. 10A, the filtration chamber 12 was supplied from the filtration chambers 12 to the water purification chamber 13 Filtered water will be discharged from the filtered water outlet 22d through the filtered water pipe 22 (filtered water pipes 22b, 22c and 22a).

A predetermined backwashing start condition, for example, a backwashing start condition such as "filtered raw water for a specified time (for example, 24 to 48 hours)" or "filtration resistance increased and reached a set value" If satisfied, the controller performs the backwashing process of the following contents.

  The control device first forms “a state for backwashing where the filtered water valve 27 is closed, the flush valve 28 is closed, and the valve body 40 is located at the backwashing position for a certain filtration chamber 12”. The first control process is performed. During the first control process, the control to be performed on the switching valve 30 is normally controlled to rotate the valve body 40 in the normal position by 30 ° and raise it to the backwash position (that is, to position at the lower end) Control for raising the piston 53 to the upper end). However, if the control performed on the switching valve 30 at the time of the first control processing is control for positioning the valve 40 at the backwash position, even if the rotation angle of the valve 40 is not 30 °. good.

  When the valve body 40 is located at the backwashing position for a certain filtration chamber 12 (hereinafter referred to as the filtration chamber 12 to be cleaned), the side openings of the flow paths 41a and 41b in the valve body 40 are , And each raw water outlet 32b of the housing 31 (see FIG. 9). Further, the raw water flow passage 41a and the washing and drainage flow passage 41b communicate between the side surface and the upper surface of the valve body 40 and between the side surface and the lower surface of the valve body 40, respectively. 41a has substantially the same shape.

  Therefore, when the valve body 40 is located at the backwashing position for the filtration chamber 12 to be cleaned, the raw water flowing from the raw water chamber 11 into the switching valve main body 30a is the five raw water flow paths 41a of the valve body 40. , And evenly distributed to the five filtration chambers 12 except the filtration chamber 12 to be cleaned.

  Further, when the valve body 40 is located at the backwashing position for the backwashing target filtration chamber 12, the raw water inlet of the backwashing target filtration chamber 12 (raw water outlet 32b for supplying the raw water to the backwashing target filtration chamber 12) Is communicated to the drain pipe 24 by the washing and draining channel 41 b in the valve body 40. That is, since the raw water inlet is open (raw water is not introduced from the raw water inlet) in the backwash target filtration chamber 12, water can flow upward from below. When both the filtered water valve 27 and the flush valve 28 are closed, the filtered water in the water purification chamber 13 can not flow out to the filtered water pipe 22 b side.

  Therefore, when the condition for backwashing is formed, filtered water from the five filtration chambers 12 excluding the filtration chamber 12 to be backwashed, as schematically shown in FIG. Is washed back, and the wash drainage from the backwash target filtration chamber 12 is drained to the outside through the wash drainage flow path 41 b (see FIG. 9) and the drainage pipe 24.

  The control device that has completed the first control process of the above content waits for the backwashing time (for example, 6 to 7 minutes) set in advance as the time to perform the backwashing to elapse.

  When the backwashing time has elapsed, the control device controls the switching valve 30 (drive unit 30a) to lower the piston 53 located at the upper end to the lower end and then raise the piston 53 to the upper end. When this control (hereinafter referred to as backwashing destination change control) is performed, the valve body 40 is positioned at the backwashing position for the filtration chamber 12 next to the filtration chamber 12 after the backwashing is completed, so the control device Waits for the backwashing time to elapse.

  If the backwashing time has elapsed, the control device waits for the backwashing time to elapse after performing backwashing destination change control again.

  The controller repeats the above control until backwashing of all the filtration chambers 12 is completed. Then, when the backwashing of all the filtration chambers 12 is completed, the control device performs control to lower the piston 53 located at the upper end to the lower end to the switching valve 30 (drive unit 30a) and opens the same. The flush valve 28 is controlled to be valved.

  When the above control is performed on the switching valve 30 and the flush valve 28, “the filtered water valve 27 is closed, the flush valve 28 is opened, and the state where the valve body 40 is positioned at the normal position” is formed. . Therefore, as schematically shown in FIG. 10C, filtered water from the six filtration chambers comes to flow out of the drain pipe 24 through the flush pipe 23.

  The control device forming the above-mentioned state (hereinafter referred to as a state for draining water) by control of the switching valve 30 and the drain valve 28 waits for a preset time (for example, 10 minutes) to elapse. Do. Then, the control device controls the filtered water valve 27 and the flush valve 28 so that the filtered water valve 27 opens and the flush valve 28 closes when the time has elapsed. That is, the control device performs control to return the pressure type filtration device 1 to a state in which the raw water is filtered (state in which filtered water from the six filtration chambers is discharged from the filtered water outlet 22d). And the control apparatus which finished the said control will be in the state which is monitoring that backwash start conditions are satisfy | filled.

  As described above, by using the switching valve 30 according to the present embodiment, it is possible to manufacture the pressure type filtration device 1 capable of backwashing each filtration chamber 12 with filtered water from the other filtration chambers 12. And when manufacturing a device having the same function as the pressure type filtration device 1 without using the switching valve 30, one three-way valve or two two-way valves are provided on the raw water inlet side of each filtration chamber. Must-have. Therefore, if the switching valve 30 according to the present embodiment is used, the pressure type filtration device provided with N (≧ 3) filtration chambers can be more easily (the number of valve devices required is smaller. Can be manufactured.

  The above-mentioned pressure type filtration device 1 is provided with a switching valve 30, six filtration chambers 12 arranged in a circle, and a raw water chamber 11 arranged in the center of the filtration chambers 12. And in the pressure type filtration apparatus 1, raw water is supplied to each filtration chamber 12 from the raw water outlet 32b of the same shape provided in the switching valve main body 30a (refer FIG. 9). Therefore, in the pressure type filtration device 1, a substantially uniform amount of raw water is supplied to each filtration chamber 12 during the filtration process.

  In addition, the pressure type filtration device 1 functions as a filtered water path for introducing the filtered water from the filtration chamber 12 other than the backwashing target filtration chamber 12 to the filtered water outlet (water collecting plate 15) of the backwashing target filtration chamber 12 The water purification room 13 to obtain And this water purification room 13 is provided in the center part (directly below the six filtration rooms 12; see FIG. 3) of the six filtration rooms 12. Therefore, in the pressure type filtration device 1, the sum of the water filtered in the filtration chambers other than the backwash target filtration chamber 12 during the backwash step is supplied to the backwash target filtration chamber 12.

  Furthermore, the filtration device main body 10 of the pressure type filtration device 1 has a raw water chamber 11, a plurality of filtration chambers 12 and the like arranged side by side in one outer shell 10 without a gap. Therefore, the pressure type filtration device 1 is a device having a smaller area required for installation than the pressure type filtration device in which other configurations are adopted to equalize raw water / filtrated water to the respective filtration chambers.

<< Modified form >>
The above-described switching valve 30 can perform various modifications. For example, the drive unit 30b of the switching valve 30 may be transformed into a unit in which the piston 53 moves up and down by hydraulic pressure or a unit in which the piston 53 (stem 45) is moved up and down by a motor. Further, the drive unit 30 b is transformed into a unit including a vertical movement mechanism for moving the valve body 40 up and down and a rotation mechanism for rotating the valve body 40 that functions independently of the vertical movement mechanism. Also good.

  The shape, number, and position of the raw water inlet 32a of the switching valve 30 may be any as long as raw water can be supplied into the switching valve main body 30a from above the raw water outlet 32b. Therefore, for example, one relatively large raw water inlet 32a may be provided on the upper surface or the side surface of the switching valve main body 30a by changing the shape of the drive unit 30b.

  The number of raw water outlets 32 b of the switching valve 30 may be three or more. However, the backwashing flow rate of the switching valve 30 provided with the N raw water outlet 32b is the filtration rate at the time of the backwashing step of each filtration chamber serving as the supply source of filtered water for backwashing (hereinafter referred to It is N-1 times of the speed). Therefore, the number of raw water outlets 32b is determined based on the backwashing flow rate required for backwashing the filtration chamber and the speed of the filtration chamber during the backwashing process.

  The switching valve 30 may be transformed into a device capable of backwashing the two filtration chambers 12 simultaneously during the backwashing process. Such a modification is, for example, a valve body 40 'of a shape shown in FIG. 11, that is, four raw water flow paths 41a and two washing and drainage flow paths 41b in the valve body 40' shown in FIG. This can be realized by changing to the valve body 40 'provided with.

  As described above, in the switching valve 30, the diameter of the raw water outlet 32b is approximately 2.5 times the diameter of the raw water inlet 32a, and the flow path 41b for cleaning and draining the valve body 40 in the switching valve 30. A configuration is adopted in which the inner diameter of is approximately 2.5 times the inner diameter of the raw water flow path 41a. Such a configuration is adopted for the switching valve 30 in the filtration chamber 12 for backwashing by the flow path resistance (see FIG. 9) of the washing / draining flow path 41b and the raw water outlet 32b at the time of the backwashing step. This is to prevent the amount of filtered water backflowing from being restricted. Also, in order to make the required amount of filtered water flow back in the filtration chamber 12 during the backwashing process, the cross-sectional area ratio of the wash drainage flow path 41b and the raw water flow path 41a may be larger or smaller than those described above. good.

  The switching valve 30 may be used to manufacture the pressure type filtration device 2 having the configuration shown in FIGS. 12 and 13. 12 is a cross-sectional view of the pressure type filtration device 2, and FIG. 13 is a top view of the pressure type filtration device 2. As shown in FIG.

  Hereinafter, the configuration of the pressure type filtration device 2 will be described. As shown in FIGS. 12 and 13, the pressure type filtration device 2 includes six filtration chambers 70, a raw water chamber 71, and a raw water pipe 80 for supplying raw water into the raw water chamber 71.

  Each filtration chamber 70 of the pressure type filtration device 2 is a filtration chamber (filter) of the same configuration in which filter media (anthracite, manganese sand and filtration gravel in FIG. 12) are disposed on the water collecting plate 70c. As shown in FIG. 13, the six filtration chambers 70 of the pressure type filtration device 2 are arranged in a circle, centering on a portion consisting of the raw water chamber 71, the switching valve 30 (the switching valve main body 30a), etc. There is.

  As shown in FIG. 12, the switching valve main body portion 30a penetrates the upper and lower surfaces of the raw water chamber 71, and raw water in the raw water chamber 71 is introduced into the switching valve main body portion 30a from each raw water inlet 32a. A switching valve 30 is mounted in an inflow manner. Each raw water outlet 32b of the switching valve main body 30a of the switching valve 30 is connected to the raw water inlet 70a of a specific filtration chamber 70 by piping, and vertically downward to the opening 32c of the switching valve main body 30a. A drainage pipe 83 extending and penetrating the water purification room 73 is attached.

  The filtered water outlet 70 b of each filtration chamber 70 is connected to the water purification chamber 73. One end of a filtered water pipe 81 a extending to the lower surface of the drainage chamber 72 is inserted into the water purification chamber 73 in a form in which the drainage pipe 83 is accommodated inside. The other end of a filtered water pipe 81b, one end of which functions as a filtered water port 81d, is connected to a portion of the filtered water pipe 81a above the upper surface of the filter medium in each filtration chamber 70. A filtered water valve 76 is provided in a portion near the filtered water port 81 d of the filtered water pipe 81 b, and a portion on the upstream side of the filtered water valve 76 of the filtered water pipe 81 b and the drainage pipe 83 have a flush valve 77. It is connected by the flush pipe 82.

Even when the switching valve 30 is used in this manner, the pressure type filtration device 2 can be realized in which the raw water and the filtered water for backwashing are uniformly supplied to the respective filtration chambers.

  The pressure type filtration device according to each embodiment is configured as an apparatus in which the number of filtration chambers is six and one filtration chamber is backwashed in the backwashing step, of each pressure filtration device. During development, the flow velocity required for backwashing (hereinafter referred to as the backwashing flow velocity) is 1000 m / day, and the filtration rate during the backwashing step (hereinafter referred to as the filtration rate during backwashing step) is 200 m It is because it assumed that it was / day. That is, when the backwashing flow rate and the filtration rate at the time of the backwashing step are the above values, it is possible to secure the flow rate (the amount of filtered water) necessary for backwashing one filtration chamber with filtered water from five filtration chambers. Therefore, the pressure type filtration device according to each embodiment is configured as an apparatus in which the number of filtration chambers is six and one filtration chamber is backwashed in the backwashing process. The number may not be six, and the number of filtration chambers backwashed in the backwashing process may not be one.

1, 2 · · · Pressure type filtration device 10 · · · Outer shell 11, 71 · · · · Raw water chamber 12a · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · filtration chamber Plate (filtered water outlet)
18: Maintenance port 20, 80: Raw water pipe 22a to 22c, 81a, 81b: Filtered water pipe 22d: Filtered water outlet 23, 82: Waste water pipe 24, 83: Drainage pipe 27 , 76: filtered water valve 28, 77: dumping valve 30: switching valve 30a: main body 30b: driving part 31, 50: housing 32c: opening 32a ... Raw water inlet 32b ... Raw water outlet 38a, 51a ... Compressed air inlet 38 ... Isolation plate 40 ... Valve body 41a ... Raw water flow path 41b ... For washing and drainage Flow path 45: stem 52: cylinder portion 53: piston 54: cam follower 60: shaft portion 61: cam groove 70a: raw water inlet 70b: filtered water outlet 70c ... Water collecting plate

Claims (3)

In a switching valve for a pressure type filtration device comprising a plurality of filtration chambers,
A valve box having a cylindrical side wall, a lid covering an upper end of the side wall, and a bottom covering a lower end of the side wall,
In the side wall portion, N raw water outlet ports to be individually connected to the raw water inlets of the filtration chambers are provided so as to be N (3 3) rotational symmetric with respect to the center of the side wall portion,
The bottom portion is provided with a washing and drainage port for discharging washing and drainage,
A valve box provided with one or more raw water inlets for introducing raw water to be filtered into the valve box at a portion of the lid portion or the side wall portion above the raw water outlet;
A cylindrical valve body vertically and rotatably accommodated in the valve box;
Equipped with
At the time of filtration of raw water, the valve body is in a state of being lowered in the valve box,
At the time of backwashing, the valve body is in a state of rising in the valve box,
N internal flow channels opened in the side of the valve body so as to face the N raw water outlets of the valve box in the raised state in the valve body,
M (N / 2> m ≧ 1) washing and drainage flow paths for connecting the raw water outlet of the filtration chamber to be backwashed and the washing and drainage port;
N internal flow paths including N-M raw water flow paths for connecting the space above the valve body in the valve box and the raw water outlet of the filtration chamber not to be backwashed are provided. Switching valve characterized in that. Vertical drive means for moving the valve body up and down;
Rotating means for rotating the valve body;
The switching valve according to claim 1, comprising: The rotating means rotates the valve body by “360 / N” degrees in one reciprocating vertical movement of the valve body.
The switching valve according to claim 2, characterized in that:

Images