JP2019081936A - Three-dimensional laminate molding device - Google Patents

Abstract

To provide a three-dimensional laminate molding device that can improve production efficiency by efficiently heating powder when a cylindrical molding is molded.SOLUTION: A three-dimensional laminate molding device 1 has a cylindrical molding tank 4, a cylindrical container 7 that is disposed inside the molding tank 4 and forms a molding region R where a molding C is molded, between itself and the molding tank 4, and a heater 8 provided inside the container 7.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 1

Description

  The present invention relates to a three-dimensional additive manufacturing apparatus.

  Conventionally, as described in Patent Document 1, an electron beam is irradiated to a metal powder on a stage fitted to a rectangular cylindrical modeling frame (modeling tank) to make the metal powder into a predetermined three-dimensional shape. An apparatus is known which melts and solidifies as follows. In this apparatus, a rectangular cylindrical heating furnace is disposed so as to face the outer surface of the molding frame, and the heating furnace has a heat generating portion for heating the molding frame. Also as described in U.S. Pat. No. 5,958,015, selective laser melting systems with an annular powder bed are known. In this system, axially symmetrical components such as rings, rings, cylinders, cones, cones, etc. having relatively large diameters are produced.

JP, 2015-183245, A JP-A-2015-533650

  An annular powder bed may be employed when producing large annular components etc., as in the system described in US Pat. However, there is room for improvement in terms of efficient heating of the powder. An object of the present invention is to provide a three-dimensional layered manufacturing apparatus capable of improving production efficiency by heating a powder efficiently when forming a cylindrical shaped object or when the powder bed is annular. I assume.

  A three-dimensional additive manufacturing apparatus according to an aspect of the present invention is a tubular shape that is disposed between a cylindrical modeling tank and the inside of the modeling tank and forms a modeling area in which a modeling object is modeled between the modeling tank and the modeling tank. An inner wall and a heater provided inside the inner wall.

  According to this three-dimensional layered modeling apparatus, the cylindrical inner wall is disposed inside the modeling tank, and the modeling area is formed between the modeling tank and the inner wall. In this case, the powder bed is annular. Therefore, when forming a cylindrical shaped article, it is sufficient to supply only the powder necessary for the shaping, and the productivity is good. That is, since powder is not supplied to the area which the inner wall occupies, it is possible to reduce waste powder which does not contribute to shaping. In addition, the heater provided inside the inner wall can heat the powder in the shaping area from the inside. Therefore, it can prevent that the powder in a modeling area cools during modeling, and can heat a powder efficiently. As a result, the production efficiency of the cylindrical shaped article can be improved.

  In some embodiments, the three-dimensional additive manufacturing apparatus further comprises a stage disposed inside the modeling tank and below the inner wall and moving relative to the modeling tank in the axial direction of the modeling tank, Is fixed relative to the stage and has a height such that it always protrudes from the upper end of the build tank regardless of the relative position to the build tank. In this case, the inner wall is always present inside the build tank at any position in the axial direction of the build tank. Therefore, heating from the inside of the shaping area can always be performed by the heater provided inside the inner wall. Thus, high energy efficiency can be maintained throughout the build process.

  In some embodiments, the three-dimensional additive manufacturing apparatus further comprises a rotation mechanism configured to rotate the build tank and the inner wall together about the axis of the build tank. In this case, the powder and the shaped object can be rotated by the rotation mechanism. By rotating the substance to be shaped (powder or shaped object), it is possible to form the shaped object by supplying the powder or irradiating the energy beam only in a limited part. Such a rotation mechanism may provide an improvement in productivity, for example, when forming a large sized object.

  In some embodiments, the three-dimensional additive manufacturing apparatus is a powder that is a material of a shaped object in one or more first portions in a circumferential direction of the shaped surface with respect to an annular shaped surface formed on the upper surface of the shaped region. A powder supply unit that supplies the energy, and a beam emitting unit that irradiates an energy beam to a second portion that is different from the first portion in the one or more second portions in the circumferential direction of the modeling surface with respect to the modeling surface; Further comprising In this case, the powder supply unit supplies the powder to the first portion of the shaped surface, and the beam emitting unit irradiates the second portion of the shaped surface with the energy beam. By sequentially supplying the powder and irradiating the energy beam at different positions in the circumferential direction of the annular shaped surface, a further improvement in productivity can be brought about.

  According to some aspects of the present invention, production efficiency can be improved by efficiently heating the powder when forming a cylindrical shaped article.

It is a figure showing a schematic structure of a three-dimensional additive manufacturing device concerning one embodiment of the present invention. It is sectional drawing along the II-II line of FIG. It is sectional drawing along the III-III line of FIG.

  Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. In the description of the drawings, the same elements will be denoted by the same reference symbols and redundant description will be omitted.

  The basic configuration of the three-dimensional layered manufacturing apparatus 1 according to the present embodiment will be described with reference to FIG. As shown in FIG. 1, the three-dimensional additive manufacturing apparatus 1 is an apparatus for irradiating a powder A with an electron beam B to melt and solidify the powder A to form a three-dimensional object C. The three-dimensional layered modeling apparatus 1 includes an electron beam emitting unit (beam emitting unit) 2 and a forming unit 3. The three-dimensional additive manufacturing apparatus 1 further includes a chamber 10 that accommodates the modeling unit 3. The electron beam emitting unit 2 is attached to the outside of the chamber 10.

  The electron beam emitting unit 2 emits the electron beam B to the powder A of the shaping unit 3 to melt the powder A. The electron beam emitting unit 2 includes an electron gun unit that emits the electron beam B downward, an aberration coil that corrects the aberration of the electron beam B, a focus coil that converges the electron beam B, and an irradiation position of the electron beam B And a deflection coil for adjusting the angle .alpha..sub.2 in the column 2b (not shown). The electron beam emitting unit 2 emits the electron beam B toward the modeling surface S formed in the modeling unit 3 from the radiation opening 2 a provided at the lower end of the column 2 b and opening in the chamber 10.

  The three-dimensional additive manufacturing device 1 has a configuration suitable for forming, for example, a cylindrical shaped object C. In particular, the three-dimensional additive manufacturing device 1 has a configuration suitable for efficiently forming a large sized object C. The “tubular shaped object C” referred to herein is a generic name for a shaped object C having a generally annular cross section perpendicular to the axis L of the modeling tank 4 described later. That is, “cylindrical” includes, for example, a cylindrical shape, a rectangular cylindrical shape, and a polygonal cylindrical shape, but in addition to that, a shape such as a conical shape or a pyramid shape in which the inner diameter changes, or a cross-sectional shape perpendicular to the axis L It also includes shapes that change in the direction along the axis L. The “tubular shaped object C” is not limited to an object having a wall portion continuous in the circumferential direction, but includes an object in which a peripheral wall portion is broken. For example, the “tubular shaped object C” is not an annular shape having a continuous cross section perpendicular to the axis L, but also includes one or more arc shaped objects. According to the three-dimensional additive manufacturing device 1, for example, a semi-cylindrical shaped object C can also be shaped. Further, according to the three-dimensional layered manufacturing apparatus 1 having the annular shaped surface S (annular powder bed), not only the cylindrical shaped object C but, for example, a rod-like or columnar object extending in the vertical direction is annularly disposed. The shaped object C can also be shaped. The shaped object C that can be shaped by the three-dimensional additive manufacturing device 1 is, as an example, a part of a metallic aircraft or the like.

  In the three-dimensional layered manufacturing apparatus 1 for forming such a large-sized and cylindrical shaped object C, irradiation of the electron beam B by the electron beam emitting unit 2 is performed from the outer peripheral side of the forming unit 3. Therefore, the electron beam emitting unit 2 is attached to the step 10 b formed in the chamber 10. The stepped portion 10 b is a wall extending horizontally at an upper side of the shaped portion 3.

  The chamber 10 forms a sealed internal space. During the process of forming the object C in the three-dimensional additive manufacturing apparatus 1, the inside of the chamber 10 is in a vacuum or substantially vacuum state.

  The forming unit 3 is a portion for forming a desired object C, which is a desired object. The modeling unit 3 includes, for example, a cylindrical modeling tank 4, a disc-shaped elevating stage (stage) 6 fitted in the modeling tank 4, and a cylindrical container (inner wall) fixed to the elevating stage 6. And 7. The modeling tank 4 includes a cylindrical peripheral wall 4 a and a bottom wall 4 b closing the lower end of the peripheral wall 4 a. The modeling tank 4 forms the modeling area | region R in which the modeling thing C is modeled in its inside.

  The elevating stage 6 is disposed inside the modeling tank 4 and below the container 7. The elevating stage 6 is movable in the direction of the axis L (see FIG. 2) of the modeling tank 4 in the peripheral wall 4 a of the modeling tank 4.

  In the three-dimensional layered manufacturing apparatus 1 for forming the cylindrical shaped object C, the above-described forming region R has a cylindrical shape. More specifically, the container 7 is disposed inside the shaping tank 4. The cylindrical container 7 is, for example, disposed concentrically with the modeling tank 4. The outer diameter of the container 7 is smaller than the inner diameter of the modeling tank 4. A cylindrical shaped area R is formed between the container 7 and the shaping tank 4. By arranging the container 7 in the modeling tank 4, the modeling area R according to the shape of the modeling object C is formed, and it is possible to reduce the useless powder A which does not contribute to modeling. The shape and size (diameter) of the container 7 may be appropriately changed according to the shape and size of the target object C.

  The container 7 is made of, for example, a carbon material. The container 7 includes a cylindrical peripheral wall 7a, a disk-like top wall 7b closing an upper end of the peripheral wall 7a, and a disk-like bottom wall 7c closing a lower end of the peripheral wall 7a. The outer diameter of the container 7 is smaller than the diameter of the elevation stage 6. The height of the container 7 is, for example, higher than the height of the modeling tank 4. The bottom wall 7c of the container 7 may be fixed to the upper surface 6a of the elevating stage 6, but another member may be interposed between the bottom wall 7c and the upper surface 6a. For example, a plate for supporting the object C may be provided between the bottom wall 7c and the top surface 6a. In that case, the plate may be fixed to the upper surface 6a of the elevation stage 6, and the bottom wall 7c of the container 7 may be fixed on the plate.

  The lift stage 6 and the container 7 are integrated, and are connected to the lift mechanism 22 via a lift shaft 16 fixed to the lift stage 6 and extending in the direction of the axis L. The elevating mechanism 22 can move the elevating stage 6 and the container 7 in the direction of the axis L with respect to the modeling tank 4 by moving the elevating shaft 16 in the direction of the axis L. That is, the elevating stage 6 is moved by the elevating mechanism 22 so as to move relative to the modeling tank 4 in the axis L direction.

  On the other hand, the three-dimensional layered manufacturing apparatus 1 includes a rotation mechanism 21 configured to rotate the modeling tank 4, the elevating stage 6, and the container 7 together about the axis L. The modeling tank 4 is connected to the rotation mechanism 21 via a cylindrical rotation shaft 14 which is fixed to the bottom wall 4 b and extends in the direction of the axis L. The rotation mechanism 21 rotates the modeling tank 4, the elevating stage 6, and the container 7 together in the rotation direction D by rotating the rotation shaft 14 around the axis L in the rotation direction D (see FIG. 2). it can. That is, the elevating shaft 16 penetrates the inside of the rotating shaft 14 and is rotated together with the rotating shaft 14 in the rotating direction D in response to the rotating torque from the rotating shaft 14. It is movable independently in the direction.

  More specifically, the rotary shaft 14 and the elevating shaft 16 pass through the plate-like shaft holding portion 20 fixed to the bottom wall and the bottom wall of the chamber 10, and the rotation shaft 14 is held by the shaft holding portion 20. While being rotatable, relative to the shaft holder 20. Inside the shaft holding portion 20, a rotation seal portion 15 that contacts the outer peripheral surface of the rotation shaft 14 is provided. The rotation mechanism 21 is connected to the rotation axis 14 and rotates the rotation axis 14 around the axis L. The elevating mechanism 22 includes an upper plate 22a fixed to the lower end of the rotary shaft 14 and having a fixed height, a lower plate 22b fixed to the lower end of the elevating shaft 16, an upper plate 22a and a lower plate 22b. And a telescopic connection portion 22c which can be connected and which can be expanded and contracted in the direction of the axis L. The elevating mechanism 22 lowers or raises the lower plate portion 22b and the elevating shaft 16 by the expansion and contraction of the expansion and contraction connecting portion 22c. A welding bellows 19 is provided between the elevating shaft 16 and the rotating shaft 14. The welded bellows 19 can expand and contract in accordance with the movement of the elevating shaft 16 in the direction of the axis L relative to the rotating shaft 14.

  The shaping unit 3 is further supplied by the powder supply unit 24 that supplies the powder A, which is a material of the shaped object C, to the annular shaped surface S formed on the upper surface of the shaping region R, and the powder supply unit 24 And a surface flattening mechanism 23 for flattening the surface of the powder A. Powder supply unit 24 includes, for example, a hopper for containing powder A. The powder supply unit 24 discharges the powder A from the discharge port (not shown) formed at the lower end of the hopper toward the modeling surface S. The powder supply unit 24 and the surface flattening mechanism 23 may be fixed to, for example, the side wall 10 a of the chamber 10.

  Powder A is composed of a large number of powder bodies. As powder A, for example, metal powder is used. Moreover, as powder A, as long as it can be melted and solidified by irradiation of electron beam B, particles having a larger particle size than powder may be used.

  The surface flattening mechanism 23 includes, for example, a rod-like or plate-like main body 23 a. The main body portion 23 a is also referred to as a recoater and extends horizontally on the modeling surface S. The surface flattening mechanism 23 smoothes the surface of the powder A, for example, to be flush with the upper end 4 c of the shaping tank 4.

  The shaping unit 3 is provided with a plurality of mechanisms for heating the powder A. First, the three-dimensional layered modeling apparatus 1 includes a first heater (heater) 8 incorporated in the container 7. The first heater 8 provided inside the container 7 is connected to an external power supply 18 via a feeder line 9. The first heater 8 is made of, for example, a heating wire. The feed line 9 may be passed through the inside of the elevating shaft 16 to penetrate the elevating stage 6 and the bottom wall 7 c of the container 7. As the first heater 8, a known heating unit other than the heating wire may be used. The first heater 8 heats the peripheral wall 7 a to heat the powder A in the object C and the object region R from the inside of the object region R.

  Next, the three-dimensional layered modeling apparatus 1 includes a cylindrical outer peripheral container 31 attached to the outer peripheral surface of the modeling tank 4 and a second heater 32 incorporated in the outer peripheral container 31. The outer peripheral container 31 surrounds the modeling tank 4 and has a height corresponding to the peripheral wall 4 a of the modeling tank 4. Outer circumferential container 31 is made of, for example, a carbon material. The second heater 32 also has the same configuration as the first heater 8. However, in FIG. 1, the power supply of the second heater 32 and the feed line connected to the second heater 32 are not shown. The second heater 32 heats the outer peripheral container 31 and the peripheral wall 4 a of the modeling tank 4 to heat the powder A in the modeled object C and the modeling area R from the outside of the modeling area R.

  Furthermore, the three-dimensional layered manufacturing apparatus 1 includes a third heater 26 provided above the modeling surface S. The third heater 26 is, for example, a lamp heater which is turned on in response to supply of current from a power supply (not shown). For example, a halogen lamp may be used as the third heater 26. The third heater 26 may perform, for example, preheating of the powder A at the time of shaping of the object C.

  The shaped object C and the powder A (including the powder A of the shaped surface S) in the shaped region R are heated by the first heater 8, the second heater 32 and the third heater 26 described above. In other words, cooling of the shaped object C and the powder A is prevented during the shaping process.

  In the three-dimensional layered modeling apparatus 1, the modeling tank 4, the elevating stage 6, and the container 7 rotate in the modeling process. On the annular shaped surface S, each step involved in shaping is performed at different positions in the circumferential direction. Hereinafter, each process performed with respect to the modeling surface S is demonstrated with reference to FIG. As shown in FIG. 2, the powder A is supplied from the powder supply unit 24 to the first portion P <b> 1 in the circumferential direction of the modeling surface S with respect to the annular modeling surface S. Further, the electron beam B is emitted from the electron beam emitting unit 2 to the second portion P2 different from the first portion P1 with respect to the modeling surface S. The first portion P1 and the second portion P2 are provided at, for example, positions separated by 180 °. In addition, the space | interval of these circumferential directions may be changed suitably.

  Since the modeling tank 4 and the container 7 rotate, the modeling area R and the modeling surface S also rotate. On the other hand, since the powder supply unit 24 and the electron beam emitting unit 2 are fixed to the chamber 10, the first portion P1 and the second portion P2 described above are spatially determined portions and do not move. Between the first portion P1 and the second portion P2, a third portion P3 whose surface is flattened by the surface flattening mechanism 23 and a fourth portion whose powder A is heated by the third heater 26 P4 is provided. Since the surface flattening mechanism 23 and the third heater 26 are also fixed, the third portion P3 and the fourth portion P4 are spatially fixed portions and do not move. With the above configuration, the powder A supplied to the modeling surface S in the first portion P1 moves in the rotational direction D with the rotation of the modeling tank 4 and the container 7, and is flattened by the surface flattening mechanism 23 in the third portion P3. Ru. The flattened powder A further moves in the rotational direction D, and is preheated by the third heater 26 in the fourth portion P4. The preheated powder A further moves in the rotational direction D, and is melted and solidified by the irradiation of the electron beam B in the second portion P2. A series of such steps is performed continuously.

  In the initial stage of the shaping process, the elevation mechanism 22 moves the elevation stage 6 to the upper portion of the formation tank 4 and lowers the elevation stage 6 every time the powder A is melted and solidified to be laminated. A shaped object C is formed on the elevation stage 6. Meanwhile, the above-described rotation operation is continuously performed. The container 7 protrudes from the upper end 4 c of the modeling tank 4 even when the elevating stage 6 is lowered to the lowest position and the modeling is completed. That is, the container 7 has a height which always protrudes from the upper end 4 c of the modeling tank 4 regardless of the relative position with the modeling tank 4.

  The three-dimensional layered manufacturing apparatus 1 includes a control unit (not shown). The control unit includes a computer including hardware such as a central processing unit (CPU), read only memory (ROM), and random access memory (RAM) and software such as a program stored in the ROM. Configured The control unit outputs a control signal to the deflection coil to control the irradiation position of the electron beam B. For example, three-dimensional CAD (Computer-Aided Design) data of a shaped object C which is an object to be shaped is input to the control unit. The control unit generates two-dimensional slice data based on the three-dimensional CAD data. The slice data is, for example, data of a horizontal cross section of the object C, and is a collection of many data according to the upper and lower positions. Based on the slice data, a region to which the electron beam B irradiates the powder A on the modeling surface S is determined, and a control signal is output to the deflection coil according to the region.

  Subsequently, the method of forming the shaped object C in the three-dimensional layered forming apparatus 1 will be described. The powder A by the powder supply unit 24 while performing the rotation operation and the lowering operation as described above by the rotation mechanism 21 and the elevation mechanism 22. , The surface of the powder A is flattened by the surface flattening mechanism 23, the preheating of the powder A by the third heater 26, and the irradiation of the electron beam B by the electron beam emitting unit 2 are performed. These can be controlled by the control unit described above. During the shaping process, the first heater 8 and the second heater 32 continue to heat the shaped object C and the powder A in the shaping region R. Thereby, efficient supply and heating of powder A for modeling cylindrical modeling thing C are performed.

  In addition, as shown in FIG. 3, in the thin wall portion and the thin wall portion in the formed object C, the wall portion protrudes toward the peripheral wall portion 4 a of the modeling tank 4 and the peripheral wall portion 7 a of the container 7. The support portion Cs may be formed. The support portion Cs is formed by melt solidification of the powder A, similarly to the shaped object C. The support portion Cs is scraped off after the object C is removed from the chamber 10. A slight gap may be formed between the support Cs and the peripheral wall 4a in order to prevent the support Cs from adhering to the peripheral wall 4a.

  According to the three-dimensional layered modeling apparatus 1 of the present embodiment, the container 7 is disposed inside the modeling tank 4, and the modeling region R is formed between the modeling tank 4 and the container 7. Therefore, in the case of forming the cylindrical shaped object C, it is sufficient to supply only the powder A necessary for the formation, and the productivity is good. That is, since the powder A is not supplied to the area | region which the container 7 has occupied, the useless powder A which does not contribute to modeling can be reduced. Moreover, the first heater 8 built in the container 7 can heat the powder A in the shaping region R from the inside. Therefore, it can prevent that powder A in modeling field R cools during modeling, and can heat powder A efficiently. For example, new powder A supplied sequentially can be efficiently heated. As a result, the production efficiency of the cylindrical shaped object C can be improved. This is particularly advantageous when forming a large sized object C. According to the three-dimensional additive manufacturing device 1, the present invention is not limited to the case of forming the tubular shaped object C, but also to any other shaped object C which may be formed by the annular shaped surface S (annular powder bed). The above effects are achieved.

  In addition, the weight of the whole of the modeling tank 4 is reduced by reducing the amount of the powder A introduced into the modeling tank 4, and the weight of the rotation mechanism 21 and the lifting mechanism 22 which are the driving unit of the modeling tank 4 is reduced. Since the melting of powder A and the supply and heating of powder A can be performed simultaneously, the production rate is improved. The structure of the surface flattening mechanism 23 which flattens the metal powder is simplified. By the container 7 in which the first heater 8 is incorporated, modeling can be performed in a state where the modeled object C is always heated, and thermal deformation and the like of the modeled object C can be suppressed. By providing the support Cs between the peripheral wall 7a of the container 7 in which the first heater 8 is built and the object C, thermal deformation of the object C can be suppressed.

  Since the container 7 has a height such that it always protrudes from the upper end 4 c of the modeling tank 4, the container 7 always exists inside the modeling tank 4 at any position in the direction of the axis L. Therefore, heating from the inside of modeling field R by the 1st heater 8 built in container 7 may always be performed. Thus, high energy efficiency can be maintained throughout the build process.

  The rotating mechanism 21 can rotate the powder A and the shaped object C. By rotating the substance to be shaped (powder A and shaped object C), it is possible to shape the shaped object C by supplying the powder A and irradiating the electron beam B only in a limited part. Such a rotation mechanism 21 may provide, for example, an improvement in productivity when forming a large sized object C.

  The powder supply unit 24 supplies the powder A to the first portion P1 of the shaped surface S, and the electron beam emitting unit 2 irradiates the second portion P2 of the shaped surface S with the electron beam B. By sequentially performing the supply of the powder A and the irradiation of the electron beam B at different positions in the circumferential direction of the annular shaped surface S, further improvement in productivity can be brought about.

  As mentioned above, although embodiment of this invention was described, this invention is not limited to the said embodiment. For example, the powder material is not limited to metal, and may be resin, ceramic or the like.

  The first portions P1 to which the powder A is supplied by the powder supply unit 24 may be provided in a plurality of portions in the circumferential direction of the modeling surface S. The second portions P2 to which the electron beam B is irradiated by the electron beam emitting unit 2 may be provided in a plurality of portions in the circumferential direction of the modeling surface S. By arranging the plurality of electron beam emitting units 2 and the powder supply unit 24 circumferentially, productivity can be improved. In that case, the rotation mechanism 21 may rotate the modeling tank 4, the elevating stage 6 and the container 7 in the rotational direction D, and may further rotate in the opposite direction to the rotational direction D.

  The rotation mechanism 21 for rotating the modeling tank 4 and the container 7 may be omitted. In that case, the electron beam emitting unit 2 is configured to be capable of irradiating the annular shaped surface S with the electron beam B. The powder supply unit 24 and the surface flattening mechanism 23 are configured to be able to supply and flatten the powder A to the annular shaped surface S.

  The configuration for relatively moving the container 7 and the lifting and lowering stage 6 with respect to the modeling tank 4 is not limited to the configuration in which the lifting and lowering stage 6 is lowered by the lifting and lowering mechanism 22. The form in which the modeling tank 4 ascends may be employ | adopted by the raising / lowering mechanism of this. In that case, a structure may be employed in which the surface flattening mechanism 23, the outer peripheral container 31 and the second heater 32, the powder supply unit 24, the third heater 26, and the electron beam emitting unit 2 rise with modeling.

  The container incorporating the first heater 8 may not have a height which always protrudes from the upper end 4 c of the modeling tank 4. The container has a height lower than the height of the container 7 of the above embodiment, and completely fits inside the modeling tank 4 at the end of modeling, ie, when the relative movement distance is maximized. It may have a height.

  As the third heater 26, a resistance heater or a beam emitting unit may be used instead of a lamp heated by radiant heat, or heaters of different heating methods may be used in combination. When a beam emitting portion is used as the third heater 26, for example, a beam emitting portion for preliminary heating is provided separately from the electron beam emitting portion 2 for melting the powder A, and the beam is irradiated from the beam emitting portion for preliminary heating The powder A may be preheated by irradiating A.

  The three-dimensional additive manufacturing apparatus is not limited to the forming apparatus to which the electron beam melting method is applied, and may be, for example, a forming apparatus to which the laser melting method is applied. That is, the beam irradiated to the powder A in the three-dimensional additive manufacturing apparatus may be a laser beam. The beam irradiated to the powder A in the three-dimensional additive manufacturing apparatus may be a charged particle beam which is a concept including an electron beam and an ion beam. The beam irradiated to the powder A in the three-dimensional additive manufacturing apparatus may be an energy beam capable of supplying energy to the powder A.

1 Three-dimensional layered modeling apparatus 2 Electron beam emitting unit (beam emitting unit)
3 Modeling part 4 Modeling tank 6 Lifting stage (stage)
7 container (inner wall)
8 1st heater (heater)
14 rotary shaft 16 lifting shaft 21 rotating mechanism 22 lifting mechanism 23 surface flattening mechanism 24 powder supply unit 26 third heater A powder B electron beam (energy beam)
C Modeled object Cs Support portion L Axis P1 First portion P2 Second portion R Modeling region S Modeling surface

Claims (4)

With a cylindrical shaped tank,
A cylindrical inner wall disposed inside the formation tank and forming a formation area on which the formation is formed, with the formation tank;
And a heater provided inside the inner wall. The stage further includes a stage which is disposed inside the shaping tank and below the inner wall and moves relative to the shaping tank in the axial direction of the shaping tank.
The three-dimensional lamination molding according to claim 1, wherein the inner wall is fixed to the stage and has a height which always protrudes from the upper end of the modeling tank regardless of the relative position with the modeling tank. apparatus.   The three-dimensional additive manufacturing apparatus according to claim 1, further comprising a rotation mechanism configured to rotate the modeling tank and the inner wall together about an axis of the modeling tank. A powder supply unit configured to supply a powder, which is a material of the shaped object, to one or more first portions in a circumferential direction of the shaped surface with respect to an annular shaped surface formed on an upper surface of the shaped region;
A beam emitting unit configured to irradiate an energy beam to one or more second portions in the circumferential direction of the shaped surface with respect to the shaped surface, the second portion being different from the first portion; The three-dimensional additive manufacturing apparatus according to claim 3.

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