JP2019080522A - Germination inhibition method and germination inhibition device - Google Patents

Abstract

To provide a germination inhibition method which can inhibit germination eliminate weeds by joule heating, the method being suitable for use in a home garden and the like.SOLUTION: A germination inhibition method for inhibiting germination by heating soil S to kill seeds, includes: a heating body installing step for installing a heating body 20 so as to cover the soil S; a heating control step for heating the heating body 20 by using a joule heating part 30 electrically connected to the heating body 20 which can generate joule heat H; a germination inhibiting step for inhibiting germination by directly heating the soil S via a soil surface SF in contact with the heating body 20 or by indirectly heating the soil S via a heating space 22 formed between the heating body 20 and the soil surface SF to heat the seeds by the joule heat H directed downward from the soil surface SF to a soil inside SI to kill the seeds.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 2

Description

  The present invention relates to a germination suppression method and a germination suppression device. More specifically, the present invention relates to a germination suppression method and a germination suppression device for heating and killing weed seeds contained in soil, suppressing germination from the seeds, and preventing weed growth.

  In recent years, people who are engaged in home gardening and gardening who enjoy the cultivation of crops such as vegetables and fruits and the cultivation of various florets at a rental farm provided by a local government or a private trader, or at home garden or veranda etc. is increasing.

  When cultivating vegetables, fruits, flowers, etc. (hereinafter referred to as "cultivated products"), "weeds" whose seeds are carried to the soil by wind etc. propagate naturally regardless of the grower's intention Sometimes. Weeds often have higher growth tolerance and fertility than cultivated products, and can absorb the moisture and nutrients given to the cultivated products to inhibit the growth of the cultivated products or reduce the number of harvests. is there. Thus, the presence or absence of weeds in the soil may have a direct or indirect effect on the growth of the culture. On the other hand, in the case of gardening etc., the landscape of the garden may be damaged by the propagation of weeds. Therefore, it was necessary to take measures to quickly remove the weeds from the soil, to prepare a growth environment suitable for the grown product, and to prevent the landscape from being damaged. Furthermore, weeds may be propagated to places such as agricultural agricultural lands and expressways, etc. other than the above-mentioned kitchen gardens, etc., and such weeds may be removed as work or work other than a hobby.

  For example, weeding work is generally carried out, such as so-called "grass weeding" or chemical agents (pesticides) or the like, applied directly to the soil by manually pulling out the weeds propagated in the soil, and limited removal of only weeds. However, in the so-called “wrinkle” work, the burden on the worker is large, for example, it is necessary to force the worker into an unreasonable posture in which the waist is bent for a long time. Therefore, it has generally been avoided to perform such work. In addition, some of the people who are engaged in home gardening and gardening as a hobby, tend to be concerned with pesticide-free cultivation and organic cultivation, and sometimes avoided the use of chemicals as much as possible. Furthermore, in families with small children and pets, there is a possibility that children play in the yard and the like, and they often hesitate to use the above chemicals because of safety issues. Manual removal of weeds has been time-consuming and difficult because of the widespread removal targets on farmland and highways.

  Therefore, many weed removal methods have been proposed that do not impose excessive burden on workers and avoid the use of chemicals. For example, a method or apparatus for heating weeds propagated in the soil by spraying high temperature hot water or spraying high temperature steam on the soil and causing the heat to die (for example, Patent Document 1 or 2) Reference) is known. In addition, a portable flame weeding machine etc. which irradiates a flame directly to the soil surface, kills seeds and insect eggs in the soil, and burns down weeds propagated in the soil (see, for example, Patent Document 3) or inside the soil A high voltage is generated between an electrode inserted in the electrode and a high voltage electrode brought into contact with one end of a weed to electrocut the weed (see, for example, Patent Document 4).

  In addition to these, we use weeds and soil to heat using high frequency such as microwaves or heat using discharge such as sparks or sparks and remove weed using various energy including killing weeds A method has also been proposed. That is, it has been proposed to remove the weeds and kill the seeds by heating the weeds using some energy such as boiling water, flame, high frequency or discharge phenomenon.

Unexamined-Japanese-Patent No. 2013-111075 Japanese Patent Application Publication No. 2013-541964 JP 2007-020490 A Unexamined-Japanese-Patent No. 2000-152742

  However, the above-mentioned removal method, apparatus and the like sometimes have the following problems. That is, although what heats and removes weeds using boiling water or steam can treat weeds propagated on the soil surface, it can not completely kill seeds and roots inside the soil. It takes a certain period of time for the seed to germinate and for weeds to grow to the extent that they can be confirmed from the soil surface, and during this time, the weed's seeds absorb water and nutrients given to the culture. There is. Therefore, it has been required to suppress germination at the seed stage before weeds can be identified from the soil surface.

  Hot water and steam are high temperature (≒ 100 ° C.) immediately after spraying or spraying, but there is no function to maintain such temperature, and the temperature drops immediately. Therefore, although it had an effect on weeds on the soil surface, it could not be sufficiently heated to the inside of the soil, and it did not reach to kill the seeds and roots. Although this kills the weeds propagated on the soil surface and can temporarily remove weeds from the soil, there is a possibility that weeds may grow again from the remaining seeds and the like. Therefore, weed removal work needs to be carried out regularly at short intervals, and the grower may find the weeding work complicated. In addition, weeds exposed to boiling water and the like have become wilted, and it has become necessary to remove these from the soil.

  On the other hand, when the flame was directly sprayed on the soil surface, it was possible to heat the soil surface and the inside of the soil to a higher temperature than the above-mentioned hot water or the like. Therefore, it was possible to almost certainly kill the seeds and roots contained in the soil and the eggs of the pests together with the weeds propagated on the soil surface by heating. Therefore, weeds were less likely to reproduce again at short intervals as described above.

  However, in order to spray a flame with respect to soil directly, the apparatus configuration of the portable flame weeding machine itself as shown in the above-mentioned patent document 3 became extensive. Therefore, the main targets are mainly the removal of weeds that grow on golf courses and other large lands (farmland etc.), and there is a possibility that the equipment cost and the operation cost will be great. As a result, it was not suitable for use in hobbies such as home gardening.

  In addition, since the flame is directly applied to the soil, the risk of the weeding work itself is high, and it can not be easily implemented by the elderly and children. In addition, since there is a high possibility of fire in places where there is a small area such as the garden of the house and surrounding areas, its use tends to be avoided. Therefore, various restrictions may be imposed in use. Furthermore, even when weeding on the side of a freeway or the like as a task, it is necessary to sufficiently secure the safety of the workers, and it has not been easy.

  In addition, when using high voltage, high frequency, or discharge raw materials as a heating source (energy source), there are problems with the cost of equipment and work, securing of safety, etc., and it is often difficult to use in home gardens etc. The

  Therefore, weeds can be removed from the soil of a relatively small space such as a home garden where home gardening is carried out without requiring complicated operations, and the elderly or Development of a method and apparatus with simplicity and safety that can be safely implemented even for children has been expected. Furthermore, a method and apparatus that can be suitably used for business use etc. have been expected. In particular, it has been desired to be able to kill seeds in the soil by heating, suppress germination from the seeds, and inhibit the growth of weeds from the soil surface.

  As a result of intensive studies, the applicant of the present application solves the above problems by using a Joule heating unit such as an electric heater capable of generating Joule heat (resistance heat) as a heating source for heating the seeds of weeds. We have found a method and apparatus capable of suppressing the germination of seeds and removing weeds by heating the soil downward from the soil surface to the inside of the soil.

  In view of the above situation, the present invention makes it possible to suppress germination of seeds and remove weeds by heating with Joule heat, and to provide a germination suppression method and a germination suppression device suitable for use in household gardens etc. It is a thing.

  ADVANTAGE OF THE INVENTION According to this invention, the germination suppression method which solved the said subject, and a germination suppression apparatus are provided.

[1] A method for suppressing germination which heats soil, kills seeds of weeds in the soil, and suppresses germination from the seeds, which is in contact with the soil surface of the soil, or a predetermined value from the soil surface A heating body installation step of installing a heating body so as to cover the soil at a height separated upper position, and a Joule heating portion electrically connected to the heating body and capable of generating Joule heat The heating control step of heating the heating body, the soil is directly heated through the soil surface in contact with the heating body, or the heating space is formed between the heating body and the soil surface. A germination suppression step comprising indirectly heating the soil, heating the seeds by the Joule heat directed downward from the soil surface to the inside of the soil, killing the seeds, and suppressing germination Method.

[2] The germination suppression method according to the above [1], wherein the germination suppression step further comprises a weeding step of heating the weed grown from the soil surface together with the heating of the seed by the Joule heat to cause death. .

[3] The method further comprises a heating body re-installation step of moving the heating body from the implemented soil in which the germination suppression step is performed to the unimplemented soil in which the germination suppression step is not performed, and re-installing the heating body In the heating control step and the germination suppression step, the germination suppression according to the above [1] or [2], wherein heating of the heating body and the seed is repeatedly performed on the unimplemented soil on which the heating body has been reinstalled Method.

[4] a first moisture supplying step of supplying moisture to the soil, and heating the heating body to form a germination environment suitable for germination of the seed in the soil to which the moisture is supplied, germination from the seed And a germination promoting step of promoting the germination, and the germination suppressing step further includes a sprouted seed heating step of heating the germinated seeds whose germination is promoted by the germination promoting step to kill the germinated seeds. The germination suppression method in any one of said [1]-[3].

[5] The method further comprises a second water supply step of supplying water to the soil, and the heating control step is previously supplying the water to the soil in the second water supply step or interrupting the water supply. The germination suppression method in any one of said [1]-[4] which heats the said heating body actively or continuously.

[6] The method further comprises a water content detection step of detecting the water content in the soil, and the heating control step changes the heating amount of the heating element according to the water content detected in the water content detection step. The germination suppression method in any one of said [1]-[5] which makes it heat and adjusts the heating time and heating temperature of the said soil heated through the said heating body.

[7] A germination for heating the soil, killing weed seeds inside the soil, and inhibiting germination from the seeds, which is used in the germination suppression method according to any one of the above [1] to [6] It is a suppression device, Comprising: The heating body installed so that the said soil may be coat | covered so that the said soil may be coat | covered in the upper position contact | abutted with the soil surface of the said soil or predetermined height away from the said soil surface, A joule heating unit electrically connected and capable of generating joule heat, and a heating control unit controlling the heating amount of the heating body by the joule heating unit and controlling the heating time and heating temperature of the soil Germination control device.

[8] The above-mentioned [7] according to the above-mentioned [7], further comprising: a reflection part interposed between the Joule heating part and the heat insulation part and reflecting the Joule heat generated by the Joule heating part toward the soil surface. Germination control device.

[9] The germination suppression device according to [7] or [8], wherein at least a part of the end portion of the heating body has an L-shaped cross section.

[10] A heat insulating material disposed so as to surround the side and / or upper side of the heating body and the joule heating unit, and preventing the heat radiation of the joule heat generated by the joule heating unit to the side or above The germination control device according to any one of the above [7] to [9], further comprising: a heat insulating portion formed by the above, and an outer shell portion covering the outer peripheral surface of the heat insulating portion.

[11] The heating body is a flat plate-like heating flat plate capable of covering the soil surface from above, and the heating flat plate protruding from the heating flat plate, and the inside of the soil is covered with the heating flat plate on the soil surface. The germination suppression apparatus in any one of said [7]-[10] provided with several heating needle-like body which can insert at least one part at least.

[12] The germination suppression according to any one of the above [7] to [11], further comprising a coating layer formed on the surface of at least one of the heating body and the Joule heating unit and capable of emitting far infrared radiation by heating. apparatus.

[13] The coating layer is a ceramic coating layer containing as a raw material a ceramic material formed of a nitride, carbide or oxide of titanium, chromium, aluminum and silicon, or a fluorine coating containing a fluorine-based compound as a raw material The germination control apparatus as described in said [12] which is any one of a layer.

[14] The apparatus further comprises a water supply unit for supplying water to the soil, the heating control unit heats the heating body, and the seed is germinated in the soil to which the water is supplied by the water supply unit. In any one of the above-mentioned [7] to [13], at least one of a germination promotion mode for forming a suitable germination environment and a water supply germination suppression mode for heating the seed while supplying the water by the water supply unit Germination suppression device as described.

[15] A water content detection unit for detecting the water content in the soil is further provided, and the heating control unit is electrically connected to the water content detection unit, and the water content detected by the water content detection unit Water amount data relating to the amount is acquired, the heating amount of the heating body is changed based on the water amount data, and the heating time and heating temperature of the soil to be heated through the heating body are adjusted [7] The germination suppression apparatus in any one of-[14].

  According to the germination suppression method and the germination suppression device of the present invention, it is possible to suppress the germination by heating the soil with the generated Joule heat to kill the seeds in the soil. This makes it possible to suppress weed growth at the seed stage. In addition, for weeds that have already grown from the soil surface, Joule heat can be used to dehydrate the weeds and further carbonize them. Therefore, if weeds after carbonization can be left as they are, they can be quickly returned to the soil. Therefore, there is no need for work such as clearing weeds in a wilted state from the soil by bathing with conventional hot water or the like. This does not force the worker to do complicated work. In particular, by using a joule heating unit such as an electric heater that generates joule heat, sufficient safety in use can be ensured, and even an elderly person or a child can be easily handled by a simple operation. . In addition, since the germination control device itself can be formed compact and at low cost, it is particularly suitable for use in small spaces such as home gardens. Furthermore, it can also be used as a business-use removal apparatus and removal method for removing weeds and the like that grow along expressways and the like.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS It is explanatory drawing which shows typically schematic structure of the germination suppression apparatus of this embodiment. It is an explanatory view showing typically the functional composition of the germination control device of this embodiment. It is a flowchart which shows an example of the flow of the germination suppression method of this embodiment. It is explanatory drawing which shows typically schematic structure of the germination suppression apparatus of another example which has a cross-sectional L-shaped heating object. It is explanatory drawing which shows typically schematic structure of the germination suppression apparatus of another example which has a heating body provided with the several heating needle-like body. It is explanatory drawing which shows the position of a temperature measurement point.

  Hereinafter, embodiments of the germination suppression method and the germination suppression device of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings. The method for suppressing germination and the device for suppressing germination of the present embodiment are not particularly limited to the following embodiments, and various design changes, modifications, and improvements can be made without departing from the scope of the present invention. Etc. can be added.

1. Germination Suppression Method The germination suppression method 1 according to the embodiment of the present invention heats the soil S to raise the temperature of the soil S, and kills the seeds D of the weeds W contained in the soil S at high temperature. And control the germination from the seeds D. The germination suppression method 1 can be implemented, for example, using the germination suppression device 10 (detailed configuration and function will be described later) shown in FIGS. 1 and 2. In addition, FIG. 1 shows typically the side view cross section of schematic structure of the germination suppression apparatus 10, in order to simplify description. Moreover, in FIG. 1 and FIG. 2, illustration is abbreviate | omitted for simplification about the partial structure (water supply part 80 grade | etc.,) (Following, it is the same also about FIG. 4, FIG. 5, and FIG. 6). Here, the seeds D included in the soil S are located above the soil surface SF or in part of the soil surface SF, in addition to the seeds D located in the soil interior SI at a predetermined depth from the soil surface SF. Is of course defined herein as comprising naturally exposed seed D.

  The germination suppression method 1 of the present embodiment covers the soil S from above, and includes a heating body installation step S1 in which the heating body 20 (one configuration of the germination suppression device 10) is installed, and the heating body 20 installed. The heating control step S9 of heating while controlling the heating temperature, heating time, heating rate and the like (heating amount), and heating the soil S including the seeds D directly or indirectly through the heating body 20. Germination suppression step of heating the seed D to a high temperature state and killing it by transmitting Joule heat H (see the arrow in FIG. 2) downward from the soil surface SF along the soil interior SI to the soil S It mainly has S10.

  Furthermore, the germination suppression method 1 of the present embodiment heats the weeds W growing from the soil surface SF to Joule heat H in addition to the death by heating of the seed D in the soil inside SI in the germination suppression step S10, Herbicide step S11 to be caused, Germination suppression step S10 from the soil (conducted soil) to the unimplemented soil (unconducted soil) heating body 20 moved to the heating body repositioning step S15 to re-install, soil S predetermined The soil S is made suitable for germination of the seeds D by heating with the first water supplying step S3 and / or the second water supplying step S8 for supplying the water A continuously or at intervals of the interval or the second water supplying step S8 It may be provided with various steps of a germination promoting step S4 that forms and promotes germination from the seed D.

  Each step will be described in detail below. In the following description, a part of the configuration and functional configuration of the germination suppression device 10 according to the embodiment of the present invention may be described together.

  In the heating member installation step S1 in the germination suppression method 1 of the present embodiment, the back surface 21 of the heating member, which is one surface of the heating member 20 made of a substantially flat metal member, and the soil surface SF are mutually opposed. The heating body 20 is disposed in a state (contact state) (not shown) in which the heating body back surface 21 and the soil surface SF are in direct contact with each other, or at an upper position spaced apart from the soil surface SF by a predetermined height. It is to be installed in the state (see FIG. 1). Here, the material constituting the heating body 20 is not particularly limited, but a metal member (stainless steel, aluminum, iron) excellent in thermal conductivity capable of efficiently transmitting Joule heat H from the Joule heating unit 30 described later Etc.) can be mainly used. In addition to the metal members described above, non-metal members such as ceramics and resins may be used as long as the members are excellent in thermal conductivity.

  In the soil S in the range where the treatment for suppressing the germination is performed, soil, stones and the like are mixed, and in general, there are many places where the unevenness of the soil surface SF is severe. Therefore, even when the back surface 21 of the heating body 20 is in contact with the soil surface SF, a void is formed in part, and the soil surface SF and the heating body 20 can not be completely adhered. Alternatively, due to the unevenness of the soil surface SF, the heating body 20 may be installed in an inclined state. Therefore, the heating body 20 is disposed above the soil S spaced apart from the soil surface SF by a predetermined height, and the heating space 22 (see FIG. 1) is interposed between the soil surface SF and the heating body 20 (heating body back surface 21). Installation of the provided heating body 20 seems to be particularly suitable.

  In addition, when making soil surface SF and the heating body 20 contact state, the thing which performs the planarization process which equalizes soil surface SF flat beforehand previously, or heating on soil surface SF before contact | abutting, for example After the body 20 is placed and abutted, a load is applied to the heating body 20 from above the heating body 20 (on the heating body surface 23 side), and the unevenness of the soil surface SF is crushed by the heating body 20 Adhesion to the SF and the heater 20 may be achieved.

  On the other hand, heating control process S9 is electrically connected with heating body 20, utilizes Joule heating part 30 which can generate Joule heat H, heating amounts, such as heating time of heating body 20, heating temperature, temperature rising rate, etc. Control. That is, the heating condition of the heating body 20 is determined and controlled. The Joule heating unit 30 can use a conventionally known electric heat (electric) heater capable of generating Joule heat H, and a quartz tube (infrared) heater, a halogen heater, a carbon heater, a graphite heater, and sheath wire A heater selected from at least one of a heater, a fluorine resin heater, a cartridge heater, a ceramic (far infrared) heater, a micro heater, a silicon heater, a rubber heater, a polyimide heater, and a mica heater can be used. Of course, the Joule heating unit 30 is not limited to the above-mentioned electric heater.

  In the Joule heating unit 30 configured as an electric heater or the like, for example, a temperature setting switch for heating the heating body 20 to a heating temperature set in advance, repetition of ON / OFF of the heating body 20 at the heating temperature set It is possible to provide conventionally known functions such as a thermostat for maintaining or a timer for setting a heating time. Here, a configuration for controlling heating such as a thermostat and a timer corresponds to the heating control unit 40 in the present invention. By using these functions (heating control unit 40), it is possible to stably control the heating amount such as the heating temperature and the heating time of the heating body 20. The configuration of the heating control unit 40 is an example, and the present invention is not limited to this. Moreover, although what comprised the heating control part 40 integrally with the heating body 20 grade | etc., Was shown in FIG. 1 etc., it is not limited to this. That is, the heating control unit 40 may be configured so that the heating control unit 40 does not directly receive the influence of the heat generated by the heating unit 20 by separately configuring the heating control unit 40 and the heating control unit 40 that directly heats the soil S.

  In addition, although the heating temperature of the heating body 20 by the Joule heating part 30 is not specifically limited, For example, the heating temperature of the heating body 20 can also be 200 degreeC or more at maximum. Thereby, it becomes possible to heat soil S to the temperature until seed D dies through heating object 20. The heating control unit 40 heats the heating body 20 in various modes such as the germination suppression mode M1, the weeding mode M2, the germination promotion mode M3, and the water supply germination suppression mode M4 (details of each mode will be described later). Can be controlled.

  On the other hand, the germination suppression step S10 directly or indirectly heats the soil S through the heating space 22 through the heating body 20 heated in the heating control step S9 described above, and the Joule heat generated by the heating body 20 The seed D of the weed W is heated and killed using H (germination suppression mode M1).

  At this time, the Joule heat H is transmitted from the heating body 20 through the soil surface SF and further toward the soil interior SI below it. That is, Joule heat H moves from the upper side to the lower side. Therefore, immediately after the start of heating by the heating body 20, the temperature rise of the soil surface SF is large, and the temperature rapidly rises. Then, by continuing heating by the heating body 20, Joule heat H propagates downward gradually from the soil surface SF toward the soil interior SI, and the temperature of the soil interior SI becomes high.

  In addition, the heating temperature and heating time of soil S which are heated directly or indirectly by heating body 20 differ greatly according to the kind of weed W which is the target of germination control. For example, as described above, when the heating body 20 is heated to near 200 ° C. by the Joule heating unit 30, the temperature of the soil internal SI of the soil S can be 50 ° C. or more. In particular, the Joule heating unit 30 of the germination suppression device 10 can have a function of maintaining the temperature of the soil inside SI at 50 ° C. or higher and maintaining the temperature for about 1 to 3 hours. Thus, by heating the seeds D contained in the soil interior SI at a predetermined temperature for a long time, the seeds D can be deformed so as not to germinate. Furthermore, it does not kill seed D, but when weeds W on the soil surface SF is removed, the heating time can be shortened, and can be set, for example, between 15 minutes and 60 minutes. Furthermore, heating temperature and heating time can be changed also by the shape and structure of the heating body to be used.

  According to findings based on experiments by the applicant of the present application, there is a opinion that seeds D located at a depth of 5 cm or more from the soil surface SF generally have a low germination rate. So, in the germination suppression method 1 of this embodiment, the seed D located in soil inside SI from the soil surface SF to the depth of about 5 cm is assumed as a germination suppression object. If the depth is up to about 5 cm, the temperature of the soil interior SI can be maintained at least 50 ° C. or higher for heating.

  As a result, it is possible to almost certainly kill the seeds D contained in the soil S which are likely to grow weeds W by germination. Thereby, it can be said that the germination suppression method 1 of this embodiment is provided with sufficient practicability. In addition, it becomes possible to kill the seed D located in the depth of 5 cm or more from the soil surface SF reliably by raising the heating amount of the Joule heating part 30. FIG.

  According to the germination suppression method 1 of the present embodiment, the seeds D included in the soil S are heated by providing the basic configuration of the heating body installation step S1, the heating control step S9, and the germination suppression step S10, It can be killed. Thereby, the germination from the seed D can be suppressed, and the weed W can be prevented from growing from the soil surface SF. In particular, by using a relatively simple and safe Joule heating unit 30 such as an electric heater, the temperature of the soil internal SI can be quickly set to 50 ° C. or higher, and the seed D is surely killed. Can. In particular, with the conventional weeding method using boiling water or steam, it is possible to maintain the temperature inside the soil SI at a high temperature for a long time, which was difficult in the germination suppression method 1 of the present embodiment.

  Moreover, unlike the type which directly irradiates a flame, the apparatus itself can be made compact and at low cost. Moreover, since the fire is not used, the safety of the operation can be maintained, and there is no need to perform any operation after the heating body 20 is installed, and the processing for suppressing the germination is completed. Therefore, even in a family with small children, etc., germination can be suppressed without performing special operations. Therefore, the use in a kitchen garden or gardening performed as a hobby is particularly preferable.

  On the other hand, in the weeding step S11, Joule heat H is applied to the weed W which has already grown from the soil surface SF to kill the weed W concerned. That is, the germination suppression method 1 of this embodiment can remove the weed W which has already grown from soil surface SF with the germination suppression of the seed D by the heating mentioned above (herbing mode M2).

  Here, weeds W grown from the soil surface SF are in direct contact with the heating body 20 or are present in large numbers at positions adjacent to the heating body 20. Therefore, it is particularly susceptible to the Joule heat H transmitted from the heating body 20. Thereby, the possibility of being exposed to high temperature immediately after the start of heating of the heating body 20 is increased, and the weed W can be removed in a shorter time than the suppression of germination of the seeds D.

  That is, when only weeds W grown from the soil surface SF are to be removed, the heating control unit 40 is set to the weeding mode M2 in which heating is performed at a lower temperature or for a short time than the germination suppression mode M1 and heating control is performed. It can be carried out. In this way, it is possible to selectively use the treatment for suppressing the germination of the seed D and only the weeding. In addition, since the heating body 20 is heated at a temperature higher than the weeding mode M2 when the germination control mode M1 is performed by the heating control unit 40, in addition to the treatment for suppressing the germination of the seed D, Removal of weeds W (herbing mode M2) is also implemented. Furthermore, unlike boiling water etc., most of the weeds W on the soil surface SF are carbonized and quickly return to the soil. Therefore, there is no need to remove carbonized weeds W after treatment from the soil surface SF.

  Furthermore, heating body re-installation process S15 changes the position of the heating body 20 installed in soil S which performs germination suppression (or weeding) which implements germination suppression process S10 and weeding process S11. The possible range of germination suppression or weeding by one heating substantially corresponds to the size of the heating body 20 (specifically, the surface area of the heating body back surface 21). However, when the size of the heating body 20 is increased, there is a problem that the manufacturing cost is increased. In addition, with the enlargement of the germination suppression device 10, there is a possibility that the transportability may be poor, or the storage place when not in use may be limited. Therefore, in the case of the sprouting suppression method 1 of this embodiment which makes it the main purpose use by the personal tastes, such as a home garden, the magnitude | size of the heating body 20 is also inevitably limited.

  If an example is shown, as for the size of heating object 20, what makes surface area of heating object back surface 21 about 900 mm x 450 mm is especially suitable. Of course, the surface area of the heater back 21 is not limited to the above-mentioned value. Further, the shape of the heating member back surface 21 is not limited to a general rectangular shape (rectangular shape), and may be a polygonal shape, a circular shape, an elliptical shape or the like. In addition, when implementing as duties, such as removing the weed which bred on the expressway side etc., it is not limited to said size.

  From the soil S (the implemented soil) of the range where the treatment such as germination suppression was performed by the heating body re-placement step S15, the soil S (not implemented the range which could not be carried out by one treatment of germination suppression (or weeding) Germination for the entire range of soil S targeted for germination suppression etc. by moving heating body 20 to the soil) and repeatedly performing heating control step S9 and germination suppression step S10 (or weeding step S11) again after repositioning It is possible to perform processing such as suppression.

  In addition, when processing such as germination suppression in the soil S where heating body 20 is installed is completed, or before completion, notification of processing completion or processing completion etc. by notification means such as voice or light It does not matter. Furthermore, a sprouting suppression device (not shown) having a wireless communication function may be configured to notify to a smartphone, a mobile phone or the like, or to an LED display unit (not shown) of the germination suppressing device. . In this way, it is possible to carry out the process from the completion of the germination suppression etc. to the re-installation of the heating body 20 without any loss, and it is possible to carry out the germination suppression etc. efficiently for a wide range of soil S. In addition, reinstallation of the heating body 20 is not specifically limited, For example, the worker who recognized the completion of the treatment by the notification means may manually move the heating body 20 to the unimplemented soil.

  Furthermore, the germination suppression method 1 of the present embodiment is suitable for the first water supply step S3 of supplying the water A to the soil S and the heating body 20 by heating the soil S supplied with the water A for the germination of the seed D A germination promoting step S4 (germination promoting mode M3) is provided which forms a germination environment and promotes the germination from the seeds D. And the sprouted seed heating process (not shown) which heats the sprouted seed (not shown) which germinated from the seed D by sprouting environment by germination suppression process S10, and kills the said sprouted seed by high temperature is further provided. Here, the sprouted seed heating step is not shown because it is the same treatment as a normal germination suppression step.

  That is, some seeds D before germination have a strong growth resistance which is protected by a hard shell and the like and is not killed even in an environment such as high temperature and low humidity. Therefore, it may be difficult to completely kill the seed D in normal heating (germination suppression mode M1). Then, the soil S is warmed by supplying the moisture A to the soil S and further heating by the heating body 20. In this case, the heating by the heating body 20 is not a high temperature that kills the seed D, but is set to a temperature (for example, around 20 ° C. to 30 ° C.) that promotes germination from the seed D.

  As a result, a germination environment is formed in which a humidity suitable for germination is supplied by the supplied water A and a temperature maintained at a temperature suitable for germination by heating the heating element 20 (germination promotion mode M3), and the soil adjusted to the germination environment The seeds D contained in S germinate in about several dozen minutes to several hours depending on a good germination environment. In this case, germination from the seed D is started, and the seed D does not grow from the soil surface SF. After confirming the elapsed time from the germination promotion mode or the germination state by visual observation etc., the heating by the high temperature of the heating body 20 is started (germinated seed heating step (= germination suppression step S10)). That is, heating to the temperature (for example, 50 degreeC or more) which the seed D dies is implemented similarly to normal germination suppression process S10.

  As in the germination suppression mode M1, the heating of the soil S is continued for a certain period of time (for example, about 1 hr to 3 hr), and the seeds D in the germination state die. That is, the germinated seeds immediately after germination have lower heat resistance to Joule heat H as compared to the seeds D protected by the hard shell. Thereby, the seed D which has not been killed in the normal germination suppression mode M1 can be surely killed by heating after being temporarily brought into a germination state. Thereby, the seed D can be killed by one germination suppression process, and the possibility that weeds W can be generated from the soil surface SF can be further reduced. At this time, the amount of water in the soil S can be detected, and the amount of heating can be changed based on the obtained value of the amount of water.

  In addition, the germination suppression method 1 of the present embodiment further includes a second water supply step S8 for supplying water to the soil S. The functional configuration of the second water supply process S8 is substantially the same as the first water supply process S3 described above. On the other hand, heating control process S9 controls Joule heating part 30 in the state which supplied moisture A to soil S by the 2nd moisture supply process S8 intermittently, or continued, and performs heating of heating body 20. (Water supply germination suppression mode M4). As a result, the soil S can be heated while maintaining a certain degree of humidity, the Joule heat H to the inside of the soil can be rapidly transmitted, and the temperature of the inside of the soil SI can be raised in a short time. Furthermore, because the soil S is moist to a certain extent, the transfer of Joule heat H to the seeds D is improved. As a result, it is possible to shorten the time required for processing such as germination suppression. At this time, in the water supply and germination suppression mode M4, the implementation of the weeding mode M2 is performed together. In the second water supply step S8, the water A may be previously supplied to the soil S before the heating of the soil S in the heating control step S9.

  In addition, the germination suppression method 1 of the present embodiment further includes a water content detection step S6 for detecting the water content of the soil S, and the heating control step S9 relates to the water content detected in the water content detection step S6. According to the water content data AD, the heating amount of the heating body 20 may be changed to adjust the heating amount such as the heating time and the heating temperature of the soil S.

  As described above, the moisture content of the soil S has a large effect on the temperature rise and temperature retention of the soil S due to the heating of the heating body 20. Therefore, the amount of water in the soil S is detected, and control is performed to adjust the amount of heating of the Joule heating unit 30 based on the obtained water amount data AD. As a result, it is possible to stabilize the heating time of the soil S, the heating temperature, the temperature rising rate, the water content of the soil S, and the like. As a result, stabilization of processing such as germination suppression can be achieved.

  Here, as the water content detection unit 90 for detecting the water content of the soil S in the water content detection step S6, a conventionally known configuration is known. For example, an electric resistance type that converts the amount of water from the electric resistance value of the measurement target, an electric capacity type that flows alternating current electricity to the measurement target, and converts a change (capacitance) of the electric capacity to a water content, or A thing etc. which convert the reflectance etc. of light, such as near-infrared rays, to a moisture content etc. are available, and can obtain moisture content data AD by this.

2. Germination Suppression Device The germination suppression device 10 of the present embodiment, which is used for the above-described germination suppression method 1 of the present embodiment, corresponds to the soil surface SF of the soil S, as schematically shown in FIGS. 1 and 2. Or substantially flat-plate-like heating body 20 installed so as to cover the soil S at an upper position separated from the soil surface SF by a predetermined height, and electrically connected to the heating body 20; Heating amount such as Joule heating unit 30 capable of generating heat H and heating time of heating body 20 by Joule heating unit 30, heating temperature, heating rate, etc. are germination suppression mode M1, weeding mode M2, germination promotion mode M3, And a heating control unit 40 that performs control according to various control modes such as the water supply and germination suppression mode M4. Here, the configurations, the specific examples, and the various modes of the heating body 20, the joule heating unit 30, and the heating control unit 40 have already been described, and thus the detailed description will be omitted here.

  Furthermore, the germination suppression device 10 of the present embodiment is disposed above the joule heating unit 30, and is generated by the joule heating unit 30, and joule heat is generated toward the direction (for example, upward) facing the soil surface SF. A reflector 50 is provided to reflect H (see the two-dot chain line arrow in FIG. 2) toward the soil surface SF. Here, the reflection part 50 can use, for example, a substantially flat member disposed to face the heating body surface 23 of the heating body 20, and the surface is a reflective material capable of reflecting Joule heat H. It is formed of

  For example, metal materials such as aluminum and stainless steel can be used. Joule heat H generated by Joule heating unit 30 can be reflected toward soil surface SF by reflection unit 50, and Joule heat H can be used to heat soil S efficiently. In FIG. 2, although the reflection part 50 was shown as an integral structure, it is not limited to this, You may provide several reflection part 50 so that Joule heat H can be reflected. Absent. Thereby, the generated Joule heat H can be used for heating the soil S without waste.

  Moreover, the germination suppression apparatus 10 of this embodiment is arrange | positioned so that the circumference | surroundings of the heating body 20 and the Joule heating part 30, especially a side and upper direction may be surrounded, and the Joule heat H which generate | occur | produced by the Joule heating part 30 is outside. A heat insulating portion 60 for preventing the release of heat (heat radiation) and an outer shell portion 61 formed along the outer peripheral surface of the heat insulating portion 60 are provided. Here, the heat insulating portion 60 is made of, for example, a material made of rock wool of a building material, a heat insulating paint, and epoxy glass, or a heat insulating material having a low thermal conductivity such as a urethane resin or a porous ceramic material. The heating unit 20, the Joule heating unit 30, and at least a part of the reflection unit 50 described above are surrounded. Because of the low thermal conductivity, the temperature rise of the heat insulation portion 60 is gradual, and the heat insulation portion 60 does not easily become warm. Therefore, the heat radiation to the exterior of the germination suppression apparatus 10 can be prevented. The germination suppression device 10 of the present embodiment forms the heat insulating portion 60 using the heat insulating material having a low thermal conductivity as described above, but, for example, between the heating body 20 etc. and the outer shell portion 61 An air layer (not shown) may be provided, and the air layer may be a heat insulating part.

  On the other hand, the outer shell portion 61 is for preventing the heat insulation portion 60 from being exposed directly, and for keeping the germination suppression device 10 at a certain strength, and is formed to cover the outer peripheral surface of the heat insulation portion 60 ing. Therefore, it can be formed by die cutting a metal material such as stainless steel into a desired shape. Alternatively, a resin material having heat resistance may be used. In addition, in order to facilitate the installation of the heating body 20 and the movement of the germination suppression device 10, the gripping portion 62 may be provided on a part of the outer shell 61. Thereby, movement of the germination suppression apparatus 10 and installation of the heating body 20 become easy. By the germination suppression apparatus 10 provided with the structure of the heat insulation part 60 and the outer shell part 61, it can prevent that the Joule heat H generate | occur | produced inside the germination suppression apparatus 10 (heating space 22 grade | etc.,) Is released outside. That is, the generated Joule heat H can be efficiently used for heating the soil S.

  Further, as shown in FIG. 2, the germination suppression device 10 of the present embodiment has a temperature on at least a part of the surface of the heating body 20 (the heating body back surface 21 and the heating body surface 23) and the surface of the joule heating unit 30. It may be provided with a coating layer 70 capable of emitting far infrared rays as the temperature rises.

Furthermore, the coating layer 70 is, for example, a ceramic coating layer containing as a raw material a ceramic material formed of a nitride, carbide or oxide of titanium, chromium, aluminum and silicon, or fluorine containing a fluorine-based compound as a raw material A coating layer etc. can be used. Specifically, titanium nitride (TiN), titanium carbonitride (TiCN), titanium aluminum nitride (TiAN), and chromium nitride (CrN) as a nitride-based coating layer, and titanium carbide as a carbide-based coating layer (TiC), and silicon carbide (SiC), as an oxide-based coating layer, aluminum oxide (Al ₂ O ₃ ), silicon oxide (SiO ₂ ), titanium oxide (TiO ₂ ), and yttrium oxide (Y ₂ O ₃₎ Etc. are listed. Moreover, as a coating layer of a fluorine-based compound, polytetrafluoroethylene (tetrafluoroethylene) (PTFE), tetrafluoroethylene / perfluoroalkyl vinyl ether copolymer (PFA), tetrafluoroethylene / hexafluorocarbon, etc. Propylene copolymer (FEP), tetrafluoroethylene / ethylene copolymer (ETFE), polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF), polychlorotrifluoroethylene (PCTFE), and chlorotrifluoroethylene / ethylene copolymer etc. are listed. Be done. Furthermore, a modified fluorocarbon resin coating system in which the above-mentioned fluorocarbon resin coating compound and heat resistant resin are mixed may be used for the coating layer. It is generally known that the above-mentioned ceramic materials and fluorine-based compounds are particularly materials having an effect of emitting far infrared rays. By providing these coating layers 70, it is possible to emit far-infrared rays (not shown) when the heating body 20 is heated by the Joule heating unit 30. Thereby, the soil S can be heated more efficiently by the far-infrared effect.

  Furthermore, the germination suppression apparatus 10 of this embodiment may be provided with the water supply part 80 which supplies the water | moisture-content A to the soil S, as shown in FIG. Here, the water supply unit 80 supplies the water A to the soil S in the germination promotion mode M3 and the water supply germination suppression mode M4 by the heating control unit 40 described above, and the appropriate humidity and temperature (by the heating body 20) It is used to form a germination environment that promotes germination from seeds D by heating, or water supply germination suppression that implements germination suppression step S10 while intermittently or continuously supplying water A to soil S It can be used when implementing mode M4.

  Although the detailed configuration of the water supply unit 80 is not particularly shown, a storage tank for storing water A (water), a supply nozzle 81 connected to the storage tank and having one end protruding from the heating space 22, and a supply nozzle What consists of a structure of a high pressure pump etc. for spraying or sprinkling the water | moisture-content A from 81 and supplying the water | moisture-content A to the soil S is illustrated. Thereby, a fixed amount of water A can be stably supplied to the soil S.

  The germination suppression device 10 may be provided with a water content detection unit 90 for detecting the water content of the soil S and acquiring the water content data AD. The details of the water content detection unit 90 have already been described, and thus the detailed description is omitted here.

  Furthermore, as a germination suppression device 10a of another example configuration of the present invention, at least one end of the heating member 20a installed in contact with the soil S or separated by a predetermined height has an L-shaped cross section. It does not matter. That is, the heating flat plate 24 substantially in the shape of a flat plate facing the soil surface SF and the hanging member 25 hanging from the end of the heating flat plate 24 may be provided (see FIG. 4).

  Weeds W often grow on corner portions of the asphalt-paved road and the concrete block B or curbs and the like laid on the road. According to the sprouting suppression apparatus 10a of another example structure, the heating body 20a of L-shaped cross section can be pressed on the corner part of the boundary of a road and the concrete block B, and it can be stuck. Thereby, it is particularly preferable to remove the weed W grown on the portion by heating. In addition, in FIG. 4, the same number is attached about the same structure as the germination suppression apparatus 10 of this embodiment, and detailed description is abbreviate | omitted. The germination suppression apparatus 10a which has the heating body 20a demonstrated above is not limited to the thing of the aspect shown in FIG. For example, the side surface portion of the heating flat plate 24 is provided so as to have a gap between the heating body 20a having an L-shaped cross section and the soil S and the concrete block B, or the heating flat plate 24 is thicker than usual. May be brought into contact with the concrete block B for heating. By adopting the above configuration and the like, weed W in the vicinity of the boundary of concrete block B and curb or the like, which was conventionally difficult, can be surely killed.

  In the germination suppression device 10b of another example configuration of the present invention, the heating body 20b installed for the soil S is a substantially flat heating flat body 24 capable of covering the soil surface SF from above, and the heating flat body 24. A plurality of heating needles 26 which can be inserted at least partially into the soil interior SI may be provided in a state where the heating flat plate 24 is coated on the soil surface SF so as to protrude from the heating body back surface 21 (FIG. 5) reference).

  Since a part of the heating body 20 b (the heating needle 26) can be directly inserted into the soil interior SI like a spike, the heating body 20 b heated by the Joule heating unit 30 passes through the plurality of heating needles 26. Joule heat H can be rapidly transmitted to the soil internal SI. Thereby, soil S can be heated efficiently and time for raising soil S to the temperature for killing seed D can be shortened. Thereby, the time which processing, such as germination suppression, requires can be shortened. As a result, the time required for processing such as germination suppression can be significantly reduced for the entire soil S that requires re-installation of the heating body 20b multiple times. In addition, in FIG. 5, about the structure same as the germination suppression apparatus 10 of this embodiment, the same number is attached | subjected and detailed description is abbreviate | omitted. In addition, the germination suppression apparatus 10b which has a heating body 20b provided with the heating needle-like body 26 demonstrated above is not limited to the thing of the aspect shown in FIG. For example, a plurality of heating needles are protruded from the peripheral edge of the disk-shaped heating plate, a heating plate and soil S are in contact, or only a plurality of heating needles is used. It does not matter if it is done. In addition, the thing which consists only of a plurality of heating needles is embedded by Joule heating part in the inside of each heating needle, and each heating control part electrically connected by Joule heating and an electric cord etc. The heating needles of (1) may be independently heated and controlled.

3. How to use the germination control device (germination suppression method)
Next, based on FIG. 3, the specific example of the usage method of the germination suppression apparatus 10 (refer FIG.1 and FIG.2) of this embodiment, in other words, the flow of a process of the germination suppression method 1 of this embodiment is demonstrated. Do. In addition, FIG. 3 is an example of a process of the germination suppression method 1, and it is not limited to this.

  First, the heating body 20 of the germination suppression device 10 of the present embodiment is installed on the soil S (non-implemented soil) to be treated for germination suppression (heating body installation step S1). At this time, as shown in FIG. 1, the heating body 20 is installed so as to form a heating space 22 of a predetermined height with the soil surface SF. Here, although the germination suppression apparatus 10 of this embodiment has shown what by which the heating body 20 and the heating control part 40 were comprised integrally, it is not limited to this, and the heating control part 40 is It may be body-formed.

  Next, it is checked whether or not to promote the germination of the seeds D (first confirmation step S2). When the germination promotion of the seed D is carried out in the germination promotion mode M3 (YES in the first confirmation step S2), the water A is supplied to the soil S from the supply nozzle 81 of the water supply unit 80 (first water supply step S3), Furthermore, the heating control unit 40 heats the heating body 20 in the germination promotion mode M3 to form a germination environment suitable for germination of the seed D (germination promotion step S4). The formed germination environment is continued for several days or several weeks, and the presence or absence of the germination from the seed D is confirmed (second confirmation step S5).

  On the other hand, when the germination promotion of the seed D is not carried out (NO in the first confirmation step S2), the processing of the above-mentioned first water supply step S3 and the germination promotion step S4 and the second confirmation step S5 is canceled. It transfers to the process which detects a water content (water content detection process S6).

  After the germination promotion mode M3 has been carried out, if germination from the seed D is confirmed visually or the like (YES in the second confirmation step S5), the process proceeds to a process of detecting the water content in the soil S (water content detection step) . On the other hand, when germination is not confirmed (NO in the second confirmation step S5), the processing in the germination promotion mode M3 is continued until there is germination from the seed D.

  When the germination promotion is not carried out (NO in the first confirmation step S2) or the germination from the seed D is confirmed (YES in the second confirmation step S5), the water content of the soil S is detected by the water content detection unit 90 (Water content detection step S6). The water content data AD related to the detected water content is sent to the heating control unit 40, and used to determine the heating amount and the like when the soil S is heated. Note that the water content detection step S6 may not be performed without the water content detection unit 90.

  Next, when implementing germination suppression, it is confirmed whether the water | moisture-content A is supplied to soil S (3rd confirmation step S7). When the moisture A is supplied to the soil S (YES in the third confirmation step S7), the moisture supply unit 80 is operated to continuously supply the moisture A to the soil S (second moisture supply step S8). On the other hand, when the moisture A is not supplied to the soil S (NO in the third confirmation step S7), the processing of the second moisture supply step S8 is canceled.

  Thereafter, the heating control unit 40 starts the heating of the heating body 20 by the Joule heating unit 30 (heating control step S9). Thereby, the Joule heat H generated by the Joule heating unit 30 is transmitted to the heating body 20, and the heating space 22 is warmed. Furthermore, the Joule heat H directed downward from the soil surface SF in contact with the heating space 22 to the soil interior SI is transmitted, and the soil interior SI is heated to a temperature at which the seed D is killed (germination suppression step S10).

  Here, when the supply of the moisture A is continued in the third confirmation step S7, the control by the moisture supply / germination suppression mode M4 is performed by the heating control unit 40, and when the supply of the moisture A is not Control by the germination suppression mode M1 is performed by the heating control unit 40. In addition, by adjusting the heating amount of the heating body 20 by the heating control part 40, it is not what heats soil S to the temperature which comes to kill seed D, and weeding mode M2 which only kills weed W of soil surface SF. It can also be (herbing process S11).

  The heating of the soil S by the heating body 20 is continued, and the heating of the heating body 20 by the Joule heating unit 30 is stopped after a predetermined time (for example, about 1 hr to 3 hr) has passed (heating stop step S12). The heating stop step S12 may be set so as to automatically stop the heating by a well-known timer mechanism. Thus, the heating of the soil S is stopped.

  Next, the presence or absence of unimplemented soil is confirmed in the range which is the germination suppression object (4th confirmation step S13). When there is no unimplemented soil (YES in the fourth confirmation step S13), the germination suppression and the weeding treatment by the germination suppression device 10 are completed (completion step S14). On the other hand, when there is unimplemented soil (NO in the fourth confirmation step S13), the heating body 20 is reinstalled in the unimplemented soil (heating body reinstallation step S15). In addition, the re-installation of the heating body 20 may stop heating of the heating body 20 by heating stop process S12, and may be performed in the state which the said heating body 20 cooled to about room temperature.

  When the heating body 20 is re-installed in the unimplemented soil in the heating body re-installation step S15, the processing in the first confirmation step S2 is returned, and the presence or absence of the germination promotion mode M3 is confirmed. Repeat Continue such treatment until there is no unfinished soil. Finally, the process reaches the completion step S14.

  As described above, the germination suppression method 1 of the present embodiment heats the soil S by the generated Joule heat H using the germination suppression device 10 formed relatively compactly to the treatment such as the germination suppression to the soil S. It is possible to kill the seeds D or remove the weeds W. Furthermore, when heating is performed by the germination suppression device 10, water A is added to the soil S to promote germination, or heating is performed while supplying the water A, changing the state of the water A of the soil S, etc. After forming a state suitable for the death of D, heating can be performed. Thereby, germination can be suppressed almost certainly at the stage of seed D.

  Furthermore, since the range which can implement processing of one germination suppression etc. is limited with respect to the breadth of soil S used as a target of germination suppression etc., it is a germination suppression by moving and re-installing heating object 20. Etc. can be performed repeatedly. Thereby, even if it is soil S of a wide range, germination suppression and a weeding treatment can be completed by one germination suppression apparatus 10. FIG.

  Hereinafter, although the Example of the germination suppression method 1 of this invention and the germination suppression apparatus 10 is demonstrated, the germination suppression method and the germination suppression apparatus of this invention are not specifically limited to these embodiment.

1. Germination Rate of Seeds Due to Difference in Heating Temperature and Heating Time In order to confirm the effect of the germination suppression method and the germination suppression device of the present invention, the relationship between the germination rate of seeds according to the difference in heating temperature and heating time was confirmed. As seeds to be used to confirm the germination rate, seeds of "Tenday radish" were prepared. The seeds of the radish were placed in a constant temperature bath which can be set to a prescribed temperature, and the loaded (heated) state of the seeds was maintained for a predetermined time. For example, specifically, the heating temperature was set to be adjustable in the range of 40 ° C. to 70 ° C. every 5 ° C. And the presence or absence of germination from the seed after hold | maintaining on conditions of each heating temperature and heating time was confirmed. Here, the ratio of the number of sprouted seeds (= germination rate) to the total number of seeds (see Table 1) held at each heating temperature and heating time was calculated. The results are shown in Table 1 below.

  As shown in Table 1 above, for example, when the heating temperature of the seeds is 50 ° C. and the heating time is 3 hours, it is confirmed that the germination rate of the seeds is 5%, which is extremely low. On the other hand, when the heating temperature was 55 ° C. and the heating time was 1 hr, the germination rate of the seeds was 35%, and it was shown that the germination rate can be suppressed lower than usual (about 1/3) by heating the seeds . Even if the heating temperature is 45 ° C. or 40 ° C., the germination rate can be suppressed to 0% or 35% as long as the heating time is 24 hours. Therefore, if the seeds are heated at a temperature of about 50 ° C for about 3 hours, or if the heating temperature is kept low (40 ° C to 45 ° C) and the heating time is secured for about one day, the seeds in the soil will be nearly killed. Was confirmed. Further, by setting the heating temperature to 60 ° C. or higher, the germination rate can be made 0% even if the heating time is 1 hr.

2. Temperature measurement of soil etc. by heating of the germination suppression device The germination suppression device of the present invention is installed in the soil, and the temperature and temperature change of six temperature measurement points (see FIG. 6) when heating by a heating body is measured Did. In addition, since the basic structure of the germination suppression apparatus was already demonstrated, detailed description is abbreviate | omitted here. Here, the Joule heating unit was controlled by the heating control unit, and the temperature at each temperature measurement point such as soil when heating the heating body to 230 ° C. was measured from the start of heating. Here, the temperature measurement points will be described in detail: (1) surface P1 of the heating body, (2) soil surface P2, (3) soil interior P3 (position 1 cm deep from soil surface), (4) soil interior P4 (5 cm deep from the soil surface), (5) water tank side P5, and (6) water P6. Here, the water tank T capable of storing the water WT is embedded in part of the soil on which the germination suppression device is installed, and the water tank side P5 measures the temperature at the side of the water tank T. The water P6 is for measuring the temperature (water temperature) of the water WT stored in the water tank T.

  The elapsed time from the start of heating of the heating body by the heating control unit and the measurement results of the temperature at each temperature measurement point are summarized in Table 2 below. In addition, the elapsed time from the start of heating is also shown for the average temperature between 20 minutes and 3 hours. In addition, the measurement of the temperature of each temperature measurement point utilizes a well-known thermocouple. Moreover, FIG. 6 is a figure for showing the position of each temperature measurement point clearly, about the structure etc. of a part of germination suppression apparatus, the provision of the code | symbol is abbreviate | omitted. Furthermore, illustration of a part of the germination suppression device (water supply unit etc.) is omitted.

  In Table 2 above, before the start of heating by the heating body, each temperature measurement point was about room temperature (about 22 ° C. to 25 ° C.), whereas when 10 minutes had passed from the start of heating, Joule was The surface P1 of the heating body in contact with the heating portion reaches about 200.degree. That is, since a heating body made of aluminum having high thermal conductivity is used, it is confirmed that the generated Joule heat is rapidly transmitted to the heating body. Furthermore, at the stage of 10 minutes from the start of heating, the soil surface P2 already exceeds 100 ° C., and the soil interior P3 close to the soil surface is also 50 ° C. or higher.

  On the other hand, the soil interior P4, the water tank side P5, and the water P6 do not reach around 50 ° C. although a slight temperature increase is observed at a stage of 10 minutes after the start of heating. Thereafter, the temperature of each temperature measurement point gradually rises with the passage of heating time, and when 1 hour passes from the start of heating, the temperature of the inside P4 of the soil 5 cm deep from the soil surface is around 50 ° C. (≒ 46.8) ° C). From the results of the experiment described above, it is necessary to heat and kill the seeds at a temperature of at least about 50 ° C. (within ± 5 ° C.) in order to kill the seeds by heating and reduce the germination rate . As a result, in the soil interior P4, which is approximately 50 ° C., it is possible to kill the seeds in about 1 hour after the start of heating.

  Here, when 50 minutes have passed since the start of heating, the temperature of the heating body almost reaches the initial set temperature (= 220 ° C.), and thereafter, prevents overheating with a thermostat or the like, in the range of about 220 ° C. to 230 ° C. Keep the temperature. At this time, the soil surface P2 maintains a temperature lower by about 10 ° C. to about 20 ° C. than the temperature of the surface P1 of the heating body. Furthermore, the value of the average temperature from 20 minutes after the start of heating to 3 hours stably keeps at least about 50 ° C. or more (47 ° C. in the soil P4) at each temperature measurement point.

  As described above, it was confirmed that Joule heat is generated by the germination suppression device and the soil is heated to a temperature at which seeds can be killed. Thereby, it is expected that the use of the germination suppression method and the germination suppression device of the present invention can exert sufficient effects of germination suppression and weeding.

  Also, from the results of the temperature measurement of the water tank side P5 of the water tank T embedded in the soil and the water P6, it was shown that the temperature rising rate was higher at these temperature measurement points than at the soil inside P4. That is, it was shown that the soil containing a certain amount of water WT was heated more efficiently than the arid soil, and it was more likely to reach the temperature capable of killing the seeds in a short time. Thereby, it is thought that the water supply by the 2nd water supply process or a water supply part in this invention leads to the improvement of the heating efficiency of soil. In addition, in Table 2, 100 degreeC or more higher than the boiling point of water is measured as temperature after 2 hours progress from the heating start of water P6. It is assumed that this is because the water in the water tank T is completely evaporated and indicates the temperature of the inner space of the water tank T.

3. Next, the effect (far-infrared effect) when the coating layer was provided on the surface of the aluminum heating body was confirmed. Heating body having SiO ₂ coating layer coated with ceramic material (silicon dioxide) on heating body surface (Example 1), heating body having PTFE coating layer coated with fluorine compound (PTFE: polytetrafluoroethylene) (implementation The temperature at each temperature measurement point shown in Table 6 above was measured for Example 2) and for no coating layer (Example 3). Here, what was summarized about the average temperature from 20 minutes to 3 hours is shown in the following Table 3. In addition, the coating method and coating apparatus which provide various coating layers on a heating body surface can use a conventionally well-known method. For example, impregnation coating (dipping) in which the heating body is immersed in a liquid coating material containing the material that is the main component of the coating layer, dipping, spraying the coating material in the form of a spray, and spraying on the surface of the heating body, or slot die coater The coating may be performed using various coating devices such as a lip coater or a gravure coater. Furthermore, the drying and heat treatment after coating the coating material on the surface of the heating body can also use conventionally known methods, and for example, hot air drying, UV drying, or reduced pressure drying can be used. These can be suitably changed according to the layer thickness (film thickness) of various coating layers formed on the surface of the heater, the viscosity of the coating material used, the solvent component of the coating material, and the like.

  As shown in Table 3, Example 1 and Example 2 which provided the coating layer with respect to Example 3 which does not have a coating layer on the surface of a heating body made of aluminum are all the average temperature in each temperature measurement point. Was confirmed to be higher. That is, when the heating body is heated, far infrared rays are emitted from the coating layer, and the far infrared rays enhance the effect of heating the soil. Therefore, by providing a coating layer in a heating body, it was confirmed that a heating efficiency of soil is improved, and it was shown that efficient heating is attained in a germination control device. Even in Example 3 which does not have a coating layer, it is possible to raise the temperature inside the soil and the temperature of the water in the water tank, and it is possible to exert effects such as germination suppression in the present invention.

  As described above, according to the germination suppression method and the germination suppression device of the present invention, the inside of the soil can be heated to the temperature indicated by the seeds, and the temperature can be stably maintained for a certain period of time . This makes it possible to reliably suppress the germination of seeds and the removal of weeds. Furthermore, the effect of supplying water to the soil and the far-infrared effect by the coating layer of a ceramic material or the like are also confirmed, and the soil can be efficiently heated.

  The method for suppressing germination and the device for suppressing germination of the present invention can be particularly suitably used in soil for cultivating objects to be cultivated with a hobby such as home gardening and gardening. Furthermore, it can be suitably used also when removing weeds and the like that have been bred on the side of a general agricultural land or a freeway as a task.

1: Germination suppression method, 10, 10a, 10b: Germination suppression device, 20, 20a, 20b: heating body, 21: heating body back surface, 22: heating space, 23: heating body surface, 24: heating plate, 25: Vertically mounted body 26: heating needle body 30: joule heating portion 40: heating control portion 50: reflection portion 60: heat insulation portion 61: outer shell portion 62: grip portion 70: coating layer 80 : Water supply unit, 81: Supply nozzle, 90: Water content detection unit, A: Water content, AD: Water content data, B: Concrete block, D: Seed, H: Joule heat, M1: Germination suppression mode, M2: Weeding Mode, M3: Germination promotion mode, M4: Water supply Germination suppression mode, S: Soil, SF: Soil surface, SI: Soil inside, T: Water tank, W: Weed, WT: Water, S1: Heating body setting process, S2 : First confirmation step, S3: First moisture Feeding Step, S4: Germination Promotion Step, S5: Second Confirmation Step, S6: Water Content Detection Step, S7: Third Confirmation Step, S8: Second Water Supply Step, S9: Heating Control Step, S10: Germination Suppression Step ( Sprouted seed heating step), S11: weeding step, S12: heating stop step, S13: fourth confirmation step, S14: completion step, S15: heating body re-installation step, P1: surface of heating body (temperature measurement point), P2: soil surface (temperature measurement point), P3, P4: soil inside (temperature measurement point), P5: water tank side (temperature measurement point), P6: water (temperature measurement point).

Claims (15)

A method for suppressing germination which heats soil, kills seeds of weeds in the soil, and suppresses germination from the seeds,
A heating body installation step of installing the heating body so as to cover the soil so as to cover the soil at an upper position in contact with the soil surface of the soil or at a predetermined height apart from the soil surface;
A heating control step of heating the heating body using a Joule heating unit electrically connected to the heating body and capable of generating Joule heat;
The soil is directly heated through the soil surface in contact with the heating body, or indirectly the soil is heated through a heating space formed between the heating body and the soil surface, The seed is heated by the Joule heat directed downward to the inside of the soil, and the seed is killed, and a germination suppressing step of suppressing germination is provided. The said germination suppression process is
The method for suppressing germination according to claim 1, further comprising: a weeding step of heating the weeds growing from the soil surface together with the heating of the seeds by the Joule heat to kill them. The method further comprises moving the heating body from the implemented soil in which the germination suppression step is performed to the unimplemented soil in which the germination suppression step is not performed, and re-installing the heating body.
The heating control step and the germination suppression step are
The method for suppressing germination according to claim 1 or 2, wherein heating of the heating body and the seeds is repeatedly performed on the unimplemented soil to which the heating body has been re-installed. A first water supply step of supplying water to the soil;
The method further comprises: a germination promoting step of heating the heating body to form a germination environment suitable for germination of the seed in the soil to which the water is supplied, and promoting germination from the seed.
The said germination suppression process is
The germination suppression method as described in any one of Claims 1-3 further equipped with the sprouted seed heating process which heats the sprouted seed by which germination was accelerated | stimulated by the said germination acceleration | stimulation process, and kills the said sprouted seed. The method further comprises a second water supply process of supplying water to the soil,
The heating control step is
The germination according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the water is previously supplied to the soil by the second water supplying step, or the heating body is heated while the supply of the water is intermittently or continued. How to control. The method further comprises a water content detection step of detecting the water content in the soil,
The heating control step is
The heating amount of the heating body is changed according to the water content detected in the water content detecting step, and the heating time and heating temperature of the soil to be heated through the heating body are adjusted. The germination suppression method as described in or. A germination suppression device for heating the soil, killing weed seeds in the soil, and suppressing germination from the seeds, which is used in the germination suppression method according to any one of claims 1 to 6. ,
A heating body placed in contact with the soil surface of the soil, or at an upper position spaced apart from the soil surface by a predetermined height so as to cover the soil;
Joule heating unit electrically connected to the heating body and capable of generating Joule heat;
The germination control apparatus which controls the heating amount of the said heating body by the said Joule heating part, and comprises the heating control part which controls the heating time and heating temperature of the said soil.   The germination control device according to claim 7, further comprising a reflection unit that reflects the Joule heat generated by the Joule heating unit toward the soil surface. The heating body is
The germination control device according to claim 7 or 8, wherein at least a part of the end portion has an L-shaped cross section. It is formed of a heat insulating material disposed so as to surround the side and / or upper side of the heating body and the joule heating unit, and preventing the heat radiation of the joule heat generated by the joule heating unit to the side or above Heat insulation,
The germination control apparatus as described in any one of Claims 7-9 further equipped with the outer shell part which coat | covered the outer peripheral surface of the said heat insulation part. The heating body is
A flat heating plate capable of covering the soil surface from above,
The plurality of heating needles which are provided protruding from the heating flat plate and which can insert at least a part into the inside of the soil in a state where the heating flat plate is coated on the surface of the soil. The germination suppression apparatus as described in 1 item.   The germination control apparatus according to any one of claims 7 to 11, further comprising a coating layer formed on at least one surface of the heating body and the Joule heating portion and capable of emitting far infrared rays by heating. The coating layer is
A ceramic coating layer containing as a raw material a ceramic material formed of a nitride, carbide or oxide of titanium, chromium, aluminum and silicon, or a fluorine coating layer containing a fluorine-based compound as a raw material The germination suppression apparatus of claim 12. It further comprises a water supply unit for supplying water to the soil,
The heating control unit
A germination promoting mode for heating the heating body and forming a germination environment suitable for germination of the seeds in the soil to which the water is supplied by the water supply unit, and supplying the water by the water supply unit The germination suppression apparatus as described in any one of Claims 7-13 provided with at least one of the water supply germination suppression mode which heats a seed. It further comprises a water content detection unit for detecting the water content in the soil,
The heating control unit
It is electrically connected to the water content detection unit, acquires water content data related to the water content detected by the water content detection unit, and changes the heating amount of the heating body based on the water content data. The germination suppression apparatus as described in any one of Claims 7-14 which adjust the heating time and heating temperature of the said soil heated through the said heating body.

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