JP2019077617A - Antiviral agent and throat candy, gargle, and mouthwash using the same - Google Patents
Antiviral agent and throat candy, gargle, and mouthwash using the same Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
Description
本発明は、抗ウイルス剤に関し、具体的には、小豆抽出物及び抹茶を含有する抗ウイルス剤に関する。 The present invention relates to an antiviral agent, and in particular to an antiviral agent containing azuki bean extract and powdered green tea.
ウイルスは、これまでに多くの生命の存続を脅かしてきた。例えば、インフルエンザウイルスのパンデミックの発生は常に危惧されている事態であり、一度パンデミックが生じれば多くの生命が失われることが予測されている。インフルエンザウイルスのように感染力が高いウイルスは集団感染を引き起こし易く、しかも、感染したときには重症化する傾向にある。そのため、これらのウイルスの感染をいかに予防するかが重要な課題となっている。このような状況の下、様々な抗ウイルス薬の開発が進められている。 Viruses have threatened the survival of many lives so far. For example, the outbreak of the pandemic of influenza virus is always in danger, and it is predicted that many lives will be lost once the pandemic occurs. Highly contagious viruses such as influenza virus tend to cause mass transmission and also tend to become severe when infected. Therefore, how to prevent the infection of these viruses has become an important issue. Under such circumstances, development of various antiviral drugs is in progress.
例えば、特許文献1には、緑茶成分を有効成分として含有する抗ウイルス剤が記載されている。また、特許文献2〜4には、小豆抽出物が抗ウイルス活性を有することが記載されている。
For example,
これまでに様々な抗ウイルス剤が開発されてきたが、より効果的で副作用の少ない薬剤の開発が望まれる。そこで、本発明は、優れた抗ウイルス活性を有する新たな抗ウイルス剤を提供することを目的とする。 Although various antiviral agents have been developed up to now, it is desirable to develop more effective agents with fewer side effects. Accordingly, the present invention aims to provide a novel antiviral agent having excellent antiviral activity.
本発明の第1の態様に従えば、小豆抽出物及び抹茶を含有し、前記小豆抽出物と前記抹茶の質量比が1:8〜2:1の範囲内である抗ウイルス剤が提供される。 According to a first aspect of the present invention, there is provided an antiviral agent comprising azuki bean extract and matcha tea, wherein the weight ratio of said azuki bean extract to said matcha tea is in the range of 1: 8 to 2: 1. .
本発明の抗ウイルス剤は、小豆抽出物と抹茶の相乗効果により、優れた抗ウイルス活性を有する。また、本発明の抗ウイルス剤は天然に存在する植物由来の原料を用いているため、人体、動物、環境への負荷が小さく、様々な食品、飲料、医薬品、医薬部外品等に応用可能である。 The antiviral agent of the present invention has excellent antiviral activity due to the synergistic effect of azuki bean extract and matcha. In addition, since the antiviral agent of the present invention uses a naturally occurring plant-derived raw material, the load on human beings, animals and the environment is small, and can be applied to various foods, beverages, medicines, quasi-drugs, etc. It is.
以下に本発明の実施形態を説明する。なお、本発明は以下の実施形態に限定されるものではなく、特許請求の範囲に記載した技術的思想の範囲内で適宜改変することができる。 Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described. The present invention is not limited to the following embodiments, and can be appropriately modified within the scope of the technical idea described in the claims.
実施形態に係る抗ウイルス剤は、小豆抽出物と抹茶を含有する。 The antiviral agent according to the embodiment contains azuki bean extract and matcha tea.
小豆抽出物とは、小豆を溶媒に浸漬することで得られる抽出液、抽出液の希釈液若しくは濃縮液、又は抽出液を乾燥して得られる乾燥物を意味する。溶媒としては水、有機溶媒、又は水と有機溶媒の混合物を用いることができる。特に、小豆抽出物は、生小豆を常温〜100℃の水に一晩浸漬し、その水を濃縮し、乾燥した物であることが好ましく、それにより生小豆の約0.5〜3重量%の乾燥抽出物が得られる。小豆抽出物の原料としては任意の種類の小豆を用いることができるが、例えば赤小豆を用いることができる。小豆抽出物は、株式会社AVSS社製の小豆抽出物「小豆RKS−POW」であってよい。 Azuki bean extract refers to an extract obtained by immersing azuki bean in a solvent, a diluted solution or concentrate of the extract, or a dried product obtained by drying the extract. As the solvent, water, an organic solvent, or a mixture of water and an organic solvent can be used. In particular, it is preferable that the azuki bean extract is prepared by immersing the raw azuki bean in water at ordinary temperature to 100 ° C. overnight, concentrating the water, and drying, whereby about 0.5 to 3% by weight of the raw azuki bean A dry extract of is obtained. As a raw material of the azuki bean extract, any kind of azuki beans can be used, and for example, red azuki beans can be used. The red bean extract may be a red bean extract "red bean RKS-POW" manufactured by AVSS, Inc.
本願において、「抹茶」とは粉末状の抹茶を意味する。抹茶は一般的な方法で製造されたものであってよく、市販の抹茶を使用してもよい。例えば株式会社堀田勝太郎商店製の抹茶「宇治抹茶KR−RSK001」を用いてよい。 In the present application, "matcha" means powdered matcha. Matcha may be manufactured by a general method, and commercially available matcha may be used. For example, matcha “Uji Matcha KR-RSK001” manufactured by Horita Katsutaro Shoten Co., Ltd. may be used.
抗ウイルス剤が含有する小豆抽出物の質量と抹茶の質量の比は1:8〜2:1の範囲内である。本願において、小豆抽出物の質量とは、小豆抽出物が溶媒を含有する場合、小豆抽出物から溶媒を除いた質量を意味する。小豆抽出物と抹茶の質量比は、1:2〜2:1であってもよく、特に1:2であってもよい。質量比が上記範囲内であると、小豆抽出物と抹茶の相乗効果が高いため、優れた抗ウイルス活性が得られる。 The ratio of the mass of the azuki extract contained in the antiviral agent to the mass of the matcha is in the range of 1: 8 to 2: 1. In the present application, when the azuki bean extract contains a solvent, the mass of the azuki bean extract means the mass obtained by removing the solvent from the azuki bean extract. The weight ratio of the azuki bean extract to the matcha may be 1: 2 to 2: 1, in particular 1: 2. When the mass ratio is within the above range, the synergistic effect of the azuki extract and the green tea is high, so that excellent antiviral activity is obtained.
実施形態に係る抗ウイルス剤は、小豆抽出物の抗ウイルス活性と抹茶の抗ウイルス活性が相乗的に作用する。そのため、小豆抽出物のみを用いた抗ウイルス剤と比べて、より低い小豆抽出物濃度で十分な抗ウイルス活性を示すことができる。また、抹茶のみを用いた抗ウイルス剤と比べても、より低い抹茶濃度で十分な抗ウイルス活性を示すことができる。小豆及び抹茶は食経験が豊富であり、概して安全性は高いと考えられるが、高濃度茶成分については肝機能障害等の副作用の可能性があることが報告されている。実施形態に係る抗ウイルス剤は、上述のように小豆抽出物と抹茶を併用することで小豆抽出物と抹茶の濃度を低減させることができるため、小豆抽出物及び/又は抹茶による副作用の発生を抑制することができる。 In the antiviral agent according to the embodiment, the antiviral activity of the red bean extract and the antiviral activity of the green tea act synergistically. Therefore, compared with the antiviral agent which used only the red bean extract, it can show sufficient antiviral activity in lower red bean extract density | concentration. In addition, even when compared with the antiviral agent using only Matcha, it can exhibit sufficient antiviral activity at a lower matcha concentration. Azuki and Matcha are rich in eating experience and generally considered to be highly safe, but it has been reported that high concentration tea ingredients may have side effects such as liver dysfunction. Since the antiviral agent which concerns on embodiment can reduce the density | concentration of azuki extract and matcha by using azuki extract and matcha together as mentioned above, the side effect by azuki extract and / or matcha is generated. It can be suppressed.
実施形態に係る抗ウイルス剤は、抗インフルエンザウイルス剤としてインフルエンザの予防又は治療に用いることができる。 The antiviral agent according to the embodiment can be used as an anti-influenza virus agent for the prevention or treatment of influenza.
実施形態に係る抗ウイルス剤は、医薬品、医薬部外品又は飲食品に含まれてよい。医薬品及び医薬部外品の形態は特に限定されないが、例えば、カプセル剤、経口液剤、シロップ剤、顆粒剤、散剤、錠剤、丸剤、経口ゼリー剤等の経口投与する製剤、トローチ剤、ドロップ剤、口腔用スプレー剤、含嗽剤(うがい薬)、洗口液等の口腔内に適用する製剤であってよい。飲食品の形態は特に限定されないが、例えば、のど飴等の飴、錠菓(タブレット)、ゼリー、飲料であってよい。 The antiviral agent which concerns on embodiment may be contained in a pharmaceutical, a quasi-drug, or food-drinks. The form of the drug and quasi-drug is not particularly limited. For example, capsules, oral solutions, syrups, granules, powders, tablets, pills, orally administered preparations such as oral jelly, troches, drops It may be a preparation applied to the oral cavity, such as an oral spray, a gargle (garnish), a mouthwash and the like. The form of the food and drink is not particularly limited, and may be, for example, a candy such as a throat candy, a tablet (tablet), a jelly, or a beverage.
抗ウイルス剤を含有するのど飴は、砂糖、水飴等の基材を加熱混合して得た素飴に、香料等を添加配合し、抗ウイルス剤を練り合わせることにより製造することができる。のど飴は、酸味料、乳化剤、着色料、甘味料等を含んでもよい。また、還元麦芽水飴等のシュガーレス基材を用いてもよい。 A throat containing an antiviral agent can be produced by adding a flavor and the like to a base obtained by heating and mixing a base material such as sugar, starch syrup and the like, and kneading the antiviral agent. The throat gruel may contain an acidulant, an emulsifier, a coloring agent, a sweetener and the like. In addition, a sugarless base material such as reduced malt syrup may be used.
抗ウイルス剤を含有するうがい薬又は洗口液は、水に抗ウイルス剤を添加したものであってよい。うがい薬は、香料、着色料、防腐剤、酸味料、乳化剤、甘味料等を含んでもよい。また、糖類、糖質等を含んでもよい。 The mouthwash or mouthrinse containing the antiviral agent may be water to which the antiviral agent is added. Mouthwashes may also include flavors, colors, preservatives, acidulants, emulsifiers, sweeteners and the like. It may also contain saccharides, carbohydrates and the like.
以下、本発明の抗ウイルス剤を具体的に説明するが、本発明はそれに限定されるものではなく、特許請求の範囲に記載した技術的思想の範囲内で適宜改変することができる。 Hereinafter, although the antiviral agent of this invention is demonstrated concretely, this invention is not limited to it, It can change suitably within the range of the technical idea described in the claim.
小豆抽出物及び/又は抹茶を含有する薬剤の細胞毒性評価及び抗ウイルス活性評価を行った。評価には以下の材料を用いた。
小豆抽出物:株式会社AVSS製「小豆RKS−POW」
抹茶:株式会社堀田勝太郎商店製「宇治抹茶KR−RSK001」
細胞株:MDCK(Madin−Darby canine kidney)細胞
ウイルス株:A型インフルエンザウイルスA/WSN/33(H1N1)
The cytotoxicity evaluation and the antiviral activity evaluation of the medicine containing the red bean extract and / or the green tea were performed. The following materials were used for evaluation.
Azuki Extract: "Azuki RKS-POW" manufactured by AVSS Corporation
Matcha: "Uji Matcha KR-RSK001" manufactured by Horita Katsutaro Shoten
Cell line: MDCK (Madin-Darby canine kidney) cell Virus strain: Influenza A virus A / WSN / 33 (H1N1)
96ウェルマイクロプレートを、MDCK細胞、薬剤及びインフルエンザウイルスを添加する抗ウイルス活性評価領域、MDCK細胞及び薬剤を添加し、インフルエンザウイルスを添加しない細胞毒性評価領域、インフルエンザウイルスを添加しMDCK細胞及び薬剤を添加しない第1ブランク領域、MDCK細胞、薬剤及びインフルエンザウイルスを添加しない第2ブランク領域に区画した。 96 well microplate, MDCK cells, antiviral activity evaluation area to which drug and influenza virus are added, MDCK cells and drug are added, cytotoxicity evaluation area to which influenza virus is not added, influenza virus is added to MDCK cells and drug It was partitioned into a first blank area not added, MDCK cells, and a second blank area not added drug and influenza virus.
MDCK細胞を10%血清含有MEM培地に懸濁し、3.0×105cells/mLのMDCK細胞懸濁液を調製した。抗ウイルス活性評価領域及び細胞毒性評価領域の各ウェルに100μLずつMDCK細胞懸濁液を添加した。これにより、各ウェルにMDCK細胞を3.0×104cells播種した。 MDCK cells were suspended in MEM medium containing 10% serum to prepare a 3.0 × 10 5 cells / mL MDCK cell suspension. To each well in the antiviral activity evaluation area and the cytotoxicity evaluation area, 100 μL each of MDCK cell suspension was added. Thus, MDCK cells were seeded at 3.0 × 10 4 cells in each well.
播種したMDCK細胞を37℃、5%CO2インキュベータ内で24時間培養した。その後、ウェル内のMEM培地をアスピレータを用いて除去した。抗ウイルス活性評価領域及び細胞毒性評価領域の各ウェルに無血清MEM培地を100μL添加し、除去することでMDCK細胞を1回洗浄した。 The seeded MDCK cells were cultured at 37 ° C. in a 5% CO 2 incubator for 24 hours. Thereafter, the MEM medium in the wells was removed using an aspirator. The MDCK cells were washed once by adding 100 μl of serum-free MEM medium to each well of the antiviral activity evaluation area and the cytotoxicity evaluation area and removing it.
小豆抽出物及び/又は抹茶をMEM培地に溶解させ、表1に示す濃度の薬剤を調製した。これらの薬剤100μLを抗ウイルス活性評価領域の各ウェルに添加した。同様に、細胞毒性評価領域の各ウェルにも薬剤100μLを添加した。第1ブランク領域及び第2ブランク領域のウェルには無血清MEM培地を100μL添加した。 Azuki bean extract and / or green tea were dissolved in MEM medium to prepare a drug at the concentration shown in Table 1. 100 μL of these agents were added to each well of the antiviral activity evaluation area. Similarly, 100 μL of the drug was added to each well in the cytotoxicity evaluation area. 100 μL of serum free MEM medium was added to the wells of the first blank area and the second blank area.
A型インフルエンザウイルス液を無血清MEM培地で希釈し、1000TCID50/mLのウイルス液を調製した。ウイルス液を抗ウイルス活性評価領域と第1ブランク領域のウェルに100μLずつ添加した。各ウェルのウイルス添加量は100TCID50(MOI換算0.002)となった。細胞毒性評価領域及び第2ブランク領域の各ウェルには、無血清MEM培地を100μL添加した。その後96ウェルマイクロプレートを37℃、5%CO2インキュベータ内に入れ、72時間培養を行った。 The influenza A virus solution was diluted with serum-free MEM medium to prepare a virus solution of 1000 TCID 50 / mL. The virus solution was added in an amount of 100 μL each to the antiviral activity evaluation area and the first blank area wells. The amount of virus added to each well was 100 TCID 50 (0.002 in terms of MOI). 100 μL of serum-free MEM medium was added to each well of the cytotoxicity evaluation area and the second blank area. Thereafter, the 96-well microplate was placed in a 37 ° C., 5% CO 2 incubator and cultured for 72 hours.
培養後、アスピレータを用いて各ウェルから培地を除去した。各ウェルに70%エタノールを200μL加えて5分間室温に置くことで、細胞を固定した。次いで、エタノールをデカンテーションにて除去した。クリスタルバイオレットを含有する染色液を各ウェルに加え、残存するMDCK細胞(生細胞)を染色した。染色液をデカンテーションで除き、水道水でプレートを洗浄し、室温にてプレートを乾燥させた。 After culture, the medium was removed from each well using an aspirator. The cells were fixed by adding 200 μL of 70% ethanol to each well and placing at room temperature for 5 minutes. The ethanol was then removed by decantation. A staining solution containing crystal violet was added to each well to stain the remaining MDCK cells (live cells). The staining solution was decanted off, the plate was washed with tap water and the plate was allowed to dry at room temperature.
マイクロプレートリーダー(TECAN社製「infinite M200」)を用いて、各ウェルの波長560nmにおける吸光度を測定した。 The absorbance at a wavelength of 560 nm of each well was measured using a microplate reader ("infinite M200" manufactured by TECAN).
細胞毒性評価領域のウェルはいずれも同等の吸光度であった。このことから、いずれの薬剤も細胞毒性がないことが確認された。 All wells in the cytotoxicity evaluation area had the same absorbance. From this, it was confirmed that none of the drugs had cytotoxicity.
以下の式により、抗ウイルス活性評価領域の各ウェルの細胞生存率を求めた。 The cell viability of each well of the antiviral activity evaluation area was determined by the following equation.
細胞生存率[%]={(Aa−Ab1)/(Ac−Ab2)}×100
Aa:抗ウイルス活性評価領域のウェルの吸光度
Ab1:第1ブランク領域のウェルの吸光度
Ac:細胞毒性評価領域のウェルの吸光度
Ab2:第2ブランク領域のウェルの吸光度
Cell viability [%] = {(A a −A b1 ) / (A c −A b2 )} × 100
A a : Absorbance of well in the antiviral activity evaluation area A b1 : Absorbance of well in the first blank area A c : Absorbance of well in the cytotoxicity evaluation area A b2 : Absorbance of well in the second blank area
薬剤中の小豆抽出物の濃度が0、16、31、63μg/mLの場合のそれぞれについて、抹茶濃度に対する細胞生存率をプロットしたグラフを図1に示す。また、薬剤中の小豆抽出物の濃度が0、16、31、63μg/mLの場合のそれぞれについて、抹茶のIC50(50%阻害濃度、Half maximal inhibitory concentration)を求めた。結果を図2中に示す。 A graph in which cell viability is plotted against the concentration of green tea is shown in FIG. 1 for each of 0, 16, 31, 63 μg / mL concentrations of azuki bean extract in the drug. In addition, the IC 50 (50% inhibitory concentration, half maximal inhibitory concentration) of matcha was determined for each of the cases where the concentration of the azuki extract in the drug was 0, 16, 31, 63 μg / mL. The results are shown in FIG.
図2は、小豆抽出物と抹茶の併用効果を示すアイソボログラムである。図2中、破線と縦軸の切片は抹茶単独のIC50、破線と横軸の切片は小豆抽出物単独のIC50を示す。実験値(プロット)が破線上にある場合は、小豆抽出物と抹茶の併用効果が相加的であることを意味し、実験値が破線より下方の領域にある場合は小豆抽出物と抹茶の併用効果が相乗的であることを意味し、実験値が破線よりも上方の領域にある場合は小豆抽出物と抹茶の併用効果が拮抗的であることを意味する。本実験では、実験値のプロットが破線よりも下方にあったことから、小豆抽出物と抹茶の抗ウイルス活性が相乗的であることが示された。 FIG. 2 is an isobologram showing the combined effect of azuki bean extract and matcha. In FIG. 2, the broken line and the section of the vertical axis indicate the IC 50 of Matcha alone, and the section of the broken line and the horizontal axis indicate the IC 50 of the azuki bean extract alone. If the experimental value (plot) is on the dashed line, it means that the combined effect of the azuki extract and the matcha is additive, and if the experimental value is in the region below the dashed line, the azuki extract and the matcha It means that the combined effect is synergistic, and when the experimental value is in the region above the broken line, it means that the combined effect of the azuki extract and the matcha is antagonistic. In this experiment, the experimental value plot was below the broken line, which indicated that the antiviral activity of the red bean extract and the green tea was synergistic.
さらに、小豆抽出物と抹茶の相乗効果の度合いを示す相乗効果指数を以下のように定義した。 Furthermore, a synergy index indicating the degree of synergy between azuki bean extract and green tea was defined as follows.
相乗効果指数=CVab/(CVa+CVb)
CVab:aμg/mLの小豆抽出物とbμg/mLの抹茶を含有する薬剤を使用したときの細胞生存率
CVa:aμg/mLの小豆抽出物を含有し、抹茶を含有しない薬剤を使用したときの細胞生存率
CVb:bμg/mLの抹茶を含有し、小豆抽出物を含有しない薬剤を使用したときの細胞生存率
Synergistic Index = CV ab / (CV a + CV b )
Cell viability when using a drug containing CV ab : aμg / mL azuki bean extract and b μg / mL powdered green tea CV a : A drug containing aμg / mL azuki bean extract but not containing powdered green tea was used Cell viability CV b : Cell viability when using a drug that contains b μg / mL of green tea and does not contain azuki bean extract
図3に、小豆抽出物割合(薬剤中の小豆抽出物と抹茶の合計質量に対する小豆抽出物の質量の割合)に対して相乗効果指数をプロットしたグラフを示す。小豆抽出物割合が0.111〜0.667の範囲内であるとき、すなわち、小豆抽出物と抹茶の質量比が1:8〜2:1の範囲内であるとき、相乗効果指数が1.5より大きくなり、高い相乗効果を示すことがわかった。さらに、小豆抽出物割合が0.333〜0.667の範囲内であるとき、すなわち、小豆抽出物と抹茶の質量比が1:2〜2:1の範囲内であるとき、相乗効果指数が2.0より大きくなり、より高い相乗効果を示すことがわかった。特に、小豆抽出物割合が0.333であるとき、すなわち、小豆抽出物と抹茶の質量比が1:2であるとき、相乗効果指数が約3となり、特に高い相乗効果を示すことがわかった。 FIG. 3 shows a graph plotting the synergy index against the azuki bean extract ratio (the ratio of the mass of the azuki bean extract to the total mass of the azuki bean extract and the matcha in the drug). When the azuki bean extract ratio is in the range of 0.111 to 0.667, that is, when the mass ratio of azuki bean extract to matcha is in the range of 1: 8 to 2: 1, the synergy index is 1. It turned out that it becomes larger than 5 and shows a high synergistic effect. Furthermore, when the azuki bean extract ratio is in the range of 0.333 to 0.667, that is, when the mass ratio of the azuki bean extract to the matcha is in the range of 1: 2 to 2: 1, the synergy index is It turned out that it became larger than 2.0 and showed a higher synergistic effect. In particular, when the azuki bean extract ratio is 0.333, that is, when the mass ratio of azuki bean extract to matcha tea is 1: 2, the synergy index is about 3 and it is found that a particularly high synergy effect is exhibited. .
本発明の抗ウイルス剤は、小豆抽出物と抹茶の相乗効果により、優れた抗ウイルス活性を有する。本発明の抗ウイルス剤は天然に存在する植物由来の成分を用いているため、人体、動物、環境への負荷が小さく、様々な食品、飲料、医薬品、医薬部外品等に応用可能である。 The antiviral agent of the present invention has excellent antiviral activity due to the synergistic effect of azuki bean extract and matcha. The antiviral agent of the present invention uses a naturally occurring plant-derived component, so the load on humans, animals and the environment is small, and it can be applied to various foods, beverages, medicines, quasi-drugs, etc. .
Claims (7)
A mouthrinse containing the antiviral agent according to any one of claims 1 to 4.
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JPH11193242A (en) * | 1997-12-26 | 1999-07-21 | Itouen Ltd | Influenza virus medicine |
JP2003212771A (en) * | 2002-01-23 | 2003-07-30 | Taiyo Kagaku Co Ltd | Anti-neissria bacterium composition |
JP2016104797A (en) * | 2016-02-08 | 2016-06-09 | 株式会社ロッテ | Oral cavity composition |
JP2016209802A (en) * | 2015-05-07 | 2016-12-15 | 株式会社ニッピ | Composition for separating proanthocyanidin, carrier or fining agent for chromatography, manufacturing method of composition for separating proanthocyanidin and manufacturing method of proanthocyanidin trimer to hexamer |
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JPH11193242A (en) * | 1997-12-26 | 1999-07-21 | Itouen Ltd | Influenza virus medicine |
JP2003212771A (en) * | 2002-01-23 | 2003-07-30 | Taiyo Kagaku Co Ltd | Anti-neissria bacterium composition |
JP2016209802A (en) * | 2015-05-07 | 2016-12-15 | 株式会社ニッピ | Composition for separating proanthocyanidin, carrier or fining agent for chromatography, manufacturing method of composition for separating proanthocyanidin and manufacturing method of proanthocyanidin trimer to hexamer |
JP2016104797A (en) * | 2016-02-08 | 2016-06-09 | 株式会社ロッテ | Oral cavity composition |
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