JP2019066189A - Cast piece analysis device, cast piece analysis method and program - Google Patents

Abstract

To provide a mechanism capable of accurately determining segregation and porosity in a cast piece.SOLUTION: From one illumination device of a first illumination device and a second illumination device arranged so as to sandwich a reference axis intersecting a cross section of a cast piece, illumination light is emitted toward an intersection point of the cross section of a cast piece with the reference axis; a first cross sectional image 520 is generated by causing an imaging device to capture the cross section of the cast piece from the regular reflection direction of the illumination light; a second cross sectional image 550 is generated by causing the imaging device to capture a cross section of the cast piece from a direction along the reference axis under illumination light emitted from the first illumination device toward the intersection point; a third cross sectional image 560 is generated by causing the imaging device to capture an image of the cross section of the cast piece from the direction along the reference axis under illumination light emitted from the second illumination device toward the intersection point; and based on the first cross sectional image 520, the second cross sectional image 550, and the third cross sectional image 560, segregation 512 and porosity 511 formed in the cross section of the cast piece are determined.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 5

Description

  The present invention relates to a slab analysis apparatus and slab analysis method for analyzing slabs, and a program for causing a computer to execute the slab analysis method.

  Heretofore, a method has been proposed in which the cross-section of the cast slab is etched to reveal the segregated portion, and the internal quality of the cast slab is evaluated from the size, number, etc. (see, for example, Patent Document 1 below). Specifically, in Patent Document 1 below, the cross section of the slab subjected to the etching process is photographed to photograph a cross section image of the slab, and segregation of the slab is performed based on the lightness contrast in the cross section image of the slab. Techniques for detecting presence or size have been disclosed.

Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 7-306161

  However, in addition to segregation, there may be a defect called porosity in the cross section of the slab, and as in the technique described in Patent Document 1, segregation is merely performed from the viewpoint of lightness contrast in the slab cross section image. There is a problem that it is difficult to accurately determine the and the porosity.

  The present invention has been made in view of such problems, and it is an object of the present invention to provide a mechanism capable of accurately determining segregation and porosity in a cast slab.

The slab analysis apparatus according to the present invention is a slab analysis apparatus for analyzing a slab, and is a slab analysis apparatus for analyzing a slab, and a cross section of the slab subjected to the etching process is photographed Imaging means, a pair of illumination means disposed so as to sandwich a reference axis intersecting the cross section, and any one of the illumination means among the pair of illumination means directed to the intersection of the cross section and the reference axis Illumination light, and the photographing means shoot the cross section from the regular reflection direction of the illumination light to generate a first cross sectional image, and the intersection point from the first lighting means of the pair of lighting means Illumination light, and the imaging unit causes the imaging unit to capture the section from the direction along the reference axis to generate a second sectional image, and the second illumination unit of the pair of illumination units Illuminating light toward the intersection, and And a first cross-sectional image, the second cross-sectional image, and the third cross-sectional image, for generating the third cross-sectional image by causing the imaging device to capture the cross-section from the direction along the And determining means for determining the segregation and the porosity formed on the cross section.
Further, the present invention includes a method of analyzing a slab by the above-described slab analysis apparatus, and a program for causing a computer to execute the method of analyzing a slab.

  According to the present invention, segregation and porosity in a cast slab can be accurately determined.

It is a figure showing an example of the schematic structure of the slab analysis device concerning the embodiment of the present invention. It is a figure which shows embodiment of this invention and shows an example of an internal structure of the slab cross-section imaging mechanism shown in FIG. It is the figure which showed the mode of the internal structure of the slab cross-section imaging mechanism shown in FIG. 2 for every imaging | photography mode in embodiment of this invention. It is a figure which shows an example of the scan (movement) of the slab cross-section imaging mechanism performed for every imaging | photography mode shown in FIG. The first cross-sectional image, the second cross-sectional image, the third cross-sectional image and the fourth cross-sectional image generated by the cross-sectional image generation unit of FIG. 1, and the first generated by the binary processing unit of FIG. It is a figure which shows an example of a 1 binary image and a 2nd binary image. It is a flow chart which shows an example of the whole processing procedure in an embodiment of the present invention. It is a flowchart which shows an example of a detailed process procedure of the slab cross-section imaging and cross-sectional image generation process in FIG.6 S300. It is a flowchart which shows an example of the detailed process sequence of the slab analysis process in FIG.6 S400. FIG. 12 shows an example of the embodiment of the present invention, and is a view showing an example of a first cross sectional image, a second cross sectional image, a third cross sectional image and a fourth cross sectional image generated by the cross sectional image generation unit of FIG. is there.

  Hereinafter, embodiments (embodiments) for carrying out the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.

  FIG. 1 is a view showing an example of a schematic configuration of a slab analysis apparatus 100 according to an embodiment of the present invention. The slab analysis apparatus 100 is an apparatus that analyzes the slab 200 (more specifically, analyzes related to segregation and porosity of the slab 200).

  As shown in FIG. 1, the slab analysis apparatus 100 according to the present embodiment is configured to include a slab cross-section photographing mechanism 110, an image processing / control device 120, an input device 130, and a display device 140. There is. Further, as shown in FIG. 1, the slab analysis apparatus 100 according to the present embodiment is communicably connected to an external device G.

First, the slab cross-section photographing mechanism 110 will be described.
The slab cross-section photographing mechanism 110 photographs the cross section 201 of the slab subjected to the etching processing while moving from the right side to the left side in the example of FIG. 1 based on the control of the image processing / control device 120, for example. It is a shooting mechanism to In the present embodiment, contrary to the example shown in FIG. 1, when the slab cross-section photographing mechanism 110 is positioned on the left side of the slab 200, the slab cross-section photographing mechanism 110 performs image processing Based on the control of the control device 120, while moving from the left side to the right side of the drawing shown in FIG. 1, the cross section 201 of the slab subjected to the etching process is photographed. Here, in the slab 200 shown in FIG. 1, the upper surface thereof is the cross section 201 of the slab subjected to the etching process. In the present embodiment, the cross section 201 of the slab is photographed by moving the slab cross-section photographing mechanism 110 in a state where the slab 200 is fixed at a predetermined position and kept stationary.

  As shown in FIG. 1, the slab cross-section photographing mechanism 110 is configured to include a photographing device 111, an optical system 112, a first lighting device 113, and a second lighting device 114.

  The photographing device 111 is a device for photographing the cross section 201 of the slab subjected to the etching process through the optical system 112 based on the control of the image processing / control device 120. Here, in the present embodiment, the imaging device 111 is, for example, a line sensor camera.

  The optical system 112 is provided between light paths from the photographing device 111 to the cross section 201 of the slab, and the arrangement and the like of the optical system 112 are set by the image processing / control device 120 according to the photographing mode.

  The first illumination device 113 and the second illumination device 114 are a pair of illumination units that illuminate the imaging region to be imaged by the imaging device 111 based on the control of the image processing / control device 120. Here, as the first lighting device 113 and the second lighting device 114, for example, a rod-like lighting device mounted with an LED can be used. Furthermore, in the present embodiment, the first lighting device 113 and the second lighting device 114 can use lighting devices that emit light of the same light quantity.

  FIG. 2 shows an embodiment of the present invention and is a view showing an example of the internal configuration of the slab cross-section photographing mechanism 110 shown in FIG. In FIG. 2, the same components as those shown in FIG. 1 are denoted by the same reference numerals. Moreover, FIG. 2 is the figure which took the cross section 201 of the slab shown in FIG. 1 to the horizontal direction (horizontal direction).

  The photographing device 111 photographs the cross section 201 of the slab subjected to the etching process through the optical system 112. Here, in the present embodiment, as shown in FIG. 2, the optical system 112 is configured to include a movable mirror 1121 and fixed mirrors 1122 to 1123.

A first lighting device 113 and a second lighting device 114, which are a pair of lighting means, are disposed so as to sandwich a reference axis 301 intersecting the cross section 201 of the cast slab. Here, in the present embodiment, an example in which an orthogonal axis orthogonal to the cross section 201 of the slab is applied as the reference axis 301 will be described. The first lighting device 113 irradiates the illumination light toward the intersection 302 of the cross section 201 of the slab and the reference axis 301, and in FIG. 2, the light central axis 303 of the illumination light is the reference axis 301. It shows that it becomes an oblique angle of angle θ ₁ with respect to it. The second illumination device 114 emits illumination light toward the intersection 302 of the cross section 201 of the slab and the reference axis 301, and in FIG. 2, the light central axis 304 of the illumination light is the reference axis An oblique angle of angle θ ₂ with respect to 301 is shown. That is, in the present embodiment, since the first lighting device 113 and the second lighting device 114 are disposed so as to sandwich the reference axis (specifically, in the present embodiment, the orthogonal axis) 301, The illumination light irradiated toward the intersection point 302 of the cross section 201 and the reference axis 301 is incident at an oblique angle with respect to the cross section 201 of the slab.

Further, in FIG. 2, the reason that the angle θ ₂ of the illumination light by the second illumination device 114 is different from the angle θ ₁ of the illumination light by the first illumination device 113 is the angle θ ₂ and the angle θ ₁ . When equalized, the illumination light emitted from the first illumination device 113 is blocked by the second illumination device 114 when it is specularly reflected by the cross section 201 of the slab, and the photographing based on the specularly reflected illumination light is photographed It is because it can not be performed by the device 111.

  In FIG. 2, as an example in which the illumination light is irradiated from the first lighting device 113 and the second lighting device 114 toward the intersection 302, the light central axes 303 and 304 of the respective illumination light coincide with the intersection 302 Although an example is shown, the present invention is not limited to this. For example, in the present invention, in irradiating illumination light from the first lighting device 113 and the second lighting device 114 to the intersection point 302, predetermined lighting from the first lighting device 113 and the second lighting device 114 is used. Even when the illumination light is irradiated to the position of the intersection 302 even if the light central axes 303 and 304 of the respective illumination light do not coincide with the intersection 302 when the illumination light is irradiated with a spread, it is included. Shall be

  FIG. 3 is a view showing an internal configuration of the slab cross-section photographing mechanism 110 shown in FIG. 2 for each photographing mode in the embodiment of the present invention. In FIG. 3, the same components as those shown in FIG. 2 are denoted by the same reference numerals.

  In the photographing mode shown in FIG. 3A, the movable mirror 1121 is removed from the light path, the second lighting device 114 is turned off, and then the first lighting device 113 is turned on to emit illumination light toward the intersection 302. In the imaging mode, the imaging device 111 captures the cross section 201 of the slab from the regular reflection direction in which the illumination light is specularly reflected by the cross section 201 of the slab. In the present embodiment, the photographing mode shown in FIG. 3A is referred to as a “regular reflection photographing mode”. Further, in FIG. 3A, the first light path from the reflection (regular reflection) of the illumination light emitted from the first lighting device 113 at the cross section 201 of the slab to the incidence on the photographing device 111 310 is shown.

  In FIG. 3A, as an example of causing the photographing device 111 to photograph from the regular reflection direction of the illumination light emitted from the first illumination device 113, the optical central axis of the photographing device 111 coincides with the intersection 302. Although an example is shown, the present invention is not limited to this. For example, in the present invention, in order to cause the photographing device 111 to photograph from the regular reflection direction of the illumination light emitted from the first lighting device 113, the optical central axis of the photographing device 111 in the state shown in FIG. Even when the position of the intersection 302 can be photographed by the photographing device 111 even if the intersection 302 does not coincide with the intersection 302, it is also included.

  In the photographing mode shown in FIG. 3B, the movable mirror 1121 is put in the optical path, the second lighting device 114 is turned off, and then the first lighting device 113 is turned on to irradiate illumination light toward the intersection 302. And the photographing device 111 photographs the cross section 201 of the slab from the direction along the reference axis 301. In the present embodiment, the shooting mode shown in FIG. 3B is referred to as “first stereo shooting mode”. Further, in FIG. 3B, the illumination light emitted from the first illumination device 113 is reflected (diffusely reflected (diffusely reflected)) at the cross section 201 of the slab and then enters the imaging device 111. A second light path 320 is shown.

  3B shows an example in which the optical central axis of the photographing device 111 coincides with the intersection 302 as an example of causing the photographing device 111 to photograph from the direction along the reference axis 301, but the present invention Is not limited to this. For example, in the present invention, in order to cause the photographing device 111 to photograph from the direction along the reference axis 301, the optical central axis of the photographing device 111 does not coincide with the intersection 302 in the state shown in FIG. Also, the case where the position of the intersection 302 can be photographed by the photographing device 111 is included.

  In the shooting mode shown in FIG. 3C, the movable mirror 1121 is put in the light path, the first lighting device 113 is turned off, and then the second lighting device 114 is turned on to emit illumination light toward the intersection 302. And the photographing device 111 photographs the cross section 201 of the slab from the direction along the reference axis 301. In the present embodiment, the shooting mode shown in FIG. 3C is referred to as "second stereo shooting mode". Further, in FIG. 3C, the illumination light emitted from the second illumination device 114 is reflected (diffusely reflected (diffusely reflected)) at the cross section 201 of the slab until it enters the imaging device 111. A third light path 330 is shown.

  Although FIG. 3C shows an example in which the optical central axis of the photographing device 111 coincides with the intersection 302 as an example of causing the photographing device 111 to photograph from the direction along the reference axis 301, the present invention Is not limited to this. For example, in the present invention, in order to cause the photographing device 111 to photograph from the direction along the reference axis 301, the optical central axis of the photographing device 111 does not coincide with the intersection 302 in the state shown in FIG. Also, the case where the position of the intersection 302 can be photographed by the photographing device 111 is included.

  In addition, the illumination difference stereo imaging is realized by the first stereo imaging mode shown in FIG. 3 (b) and the second stereo imaging mode shown in FIG. 3 (c). Further, as shown in FIG. 3A to FIG. 3C, by setting to insert and remove the movable mirror 1121 with respect to the optical path, imaging in each imaging mode is performed.

  FIG. 4 is a diagram showing an example of scanning (movement) of the slab cross-section photographing mechanism 110 performed for each of the photographing modes shown in FIG. In FIG. 4, the same components as those shown in FIGS. 1 to 3 are denoted by the same reference numerals.

  FIG. 4A shows an example of scanning (movement) of the slab cross-section photographing mechanism 110 in the regular reflection photographing mode shown in FIG. 3A. In the example shown in FIG. 4A, a situation is shown in which the slab cross-section photographing mechanism 110 is scanned (moved) from the right side to the left side of the sheet with respect to the cross section 201 of the slab. That is, in this case, the intersection 302 in FIG. 3A, which indicates the imaging position by the imaging device 111, also moves from the right side to the left side of the drawing with respect to the cross section 201 of the slab.

  FIG. 4 (b) shows an example of scanning (movement) of the slab cross-section photographing mechanism 110 in the first stereo photographing mode shown in FIG. 3 (b). The example shown in FIG. 4B assumes, for example, a case where the scan (movement) of the slab cross-section photographing mechanism 110 in the regular reflection photographing mode shown in FIG. The appearance of scanning (moving) the slab cross-section photographing mechanism 110 from the left side to the right side of the drawing with respect to the cross section 201 is shown. That is, in this case, the intersection 302 in FIG. 3 (b) showing the photographing position by the photographing device 111 also moves from the left side to the right side of the drawing with respect to the cross section 201 of the slab.

  FIG. 4C shows an example of scanning (movement) of the slab cross-section photographing mechanism 110 in the second stereo photographing mode shown in FIG. 3C. The example shown in FIG. 4C assumes, for example, the case where the scan (movement) of the slab cross-section photographing mechanism 110 in the first stereo photographing mode shown in FIG. It is shown that the slab cross-section photographing mechanism 110 is scanned (moved) from the right side of the drawing to the left side of the drawing with respect to the cross section 201 of the piece. That is, in this case, the intersection 302 in FIG. 3C, which indicates the imaging position by the imaging device 111, also moves from the right side to the left side of the drawing with respect to the cross section 201 of the slab.

Here, it returns to the explanation of FIG. 1 again.
The image processing / control device 120 performs image processing of a cross-sectional image related to the cross section 201 of the slab obtained by the photographing by the imaging device 111, and controls the operation of the slab analysis device 100 according to the present embodiment in an integrated manner. Do.

  As shown in FIG. 1, the image processing / control apparatus 120 is configured to include a cross-sectional image generation unit 121, a binarization processing unit 122, a determination unit 123, and a determination result output unit 124.

  The cross-sectional image generation unit 121 generates a cross-sectional image related to the cross section 201 of the slab obtained by the photographing by the photographing device 111, and as shown in FIG. 1, the first cross-sectional image generation unit 1211 The second cross-sectional image generation unit 1212, the third cross-sectional image generation unit 1213, and the fourth cross-sectional image generation unit 1214 are configured.

  The first cross-sectional image generation unit 1211 performs imaging control in the regular reflection imaging mode shown in FIG. 3A to generate a first cross-sectional image related to the cross section 201 of the slab. Specifically, as shown in FIG. 3A, the first cross-sectional image generation unit 1211 removes the movable mirror 1121 from the light path and turns off the second lighting device 114, and then the first lighting device 113. To illuminate the illumination light toward the intersection 302 and performing control to photograph the cross section 201 of the slab by the photographing device 111 from the regular reflection direction of the illumination light, and the first of the cross sections 201 of the slab. Generate a cross sectional image. A specific example of the first cross-sectional image will be described later with reference to FIG.

  The second cross-sectional image generation unit 1212 performs imaging control in the first stereo imaging mode shown in FIG. 3B to generate a second cross-sectional image of the cross section 201 of the slab. Specifically, as shown in FIG. 3B, the second cross-sectional image generation unit 1212 puts the movable mirror 1121 in the light path and turns off the second lighting device 114, and then the first lighting device 113. To illuminate the illumination light toward the intersection 302, and performs control to photograph the cross section 201 of the slab by the photographing device 111 from the direction along the reference axis 301, and the second of the cross sections 201 of the slab. Generate a cross sectional image. A specific example of the second cross-sectional image will be described later with reference to FIG.

  The third cross-sectional image generation unit 1213 performs imaging control in the second stereo imaging mode shown in FIG. 3C to generate a third cross-sectional image of the cross section 201 of the slab. Specifically, as shown in FIG. 3C, the third cross-sectional image generation unit 1213 puts the movable mirror 1121 in the light path and turns off the first lighting device 113, and then the second lighting device 114. To illuminate the illumination light toward the intersection 302, and performs control to photograph the cross section 201 of the slab by the photographing device 111 from the direction along the reference axis 301, and the third of the cross sections 201 of the slab. Generate a cross sectional image. A specific example of the third cross-sectional image will be described later with reference to FIG.

  The fourth cross-sectional image generation unit 1214 performs difference processing on the second cross-sectional image generated by the second cross-sectional image generation unit 1212 and the third cross-sectional image generated by the third cross-sectional image generation unit 1213 To generate a fourth cross-sectional image. A specific example of the fourth cross-sectional image will be described later with reference to FIG.

  The binarization processing unit 122 binarizes the first cross-sectional image generated by the first cross-sectional image generation unit 1211 using the first binarization threshold to generate a first binary image. At the same time, the fourth cross-sectional image generated by the fourth cross-sectional image generation unit 1214 is binarized using the second binarization threshold to generate a second binary image. Specific examples of the first binary image and the second binary image will be described later with reference to FIG.

  5 shows the first cross sectional image, the second cross sectional image, the third cross sectional image and the fourth cross sectional image generated by the cross sectional image generation unit 121 of FIG. 1, and the binarization processing unit of FIG. It is a figure which shows an example of the 1st binary image produced | generated by 122, and a 2nd binary image.

  First, FIG. 5A shows a cross-sectional shape 510 of a cast piece which is a surface shape of the cross-section 201 of the cast piece. Further, in the cross-sectional shape 510 of the slab shown in FIG. 5A, the shapes of the porosity 511 and the segregation 512 are shown. Here, the porosity 511 is, for example, a casting defect due to a gas contained in the inside of the cast slab 200.

  As shown in FIG. 5A, although the porosity 511 and the segregation 512 both have the shape of a recess, the segregation 512 can be formed by etching while the recess of the porosity 511 has a depth of at least several hundred μm. The depth of the recess is about several tens of μm. Further, in both of the porosity 511 and the segregation 512, fine concavities and convexities exist in the concave part, but the portions other than the porosity 511 and the segregation 512 (hereinafter referred to as "base material part") 513 become flat by polishing. ing. In addition, in FIG.5 (b) and FIG.5 (c), the information corresponded to the cross-sectional shape 510 of the slab shown to Fig.5 (a) is aligned in the vertical direction, and is shown in it.

  In FIG. 5B, the first cross-sectional image generation unit 1211 performs imaging control of the regular reflection imaging mode shown in FIG. 3A with respect to the cross section 201 of the slab shown in FIG. 5A. The generated first cross-sectional image 520 is shown. In the regular reflection photographing mode shown in FIG. 3A, since the illumination light specularly reflected by the base material portion 513 is directly incident on the photographing device 111, in the image obtained by the photographing device 111, the portion of the base material portion 513 is very It becomes bright (whiteish). On the other hand, in the case of the porosity 511 and the segregation 512, the reflection luminance of the illumination light is lowered due to the unevenness inside the concave portion shown in FIG. 5A. The portion is darker (darker) than the portion of the base portion 513.

  Then, the first cross-sectional image generation unit 1211 corrects, for example, the brightness of the image so that the average brightness of the image obtained by the photographing device 111 described above becomes a predetermined brightness related to the intermediate color between white and black. To generate a first cross-sectional image 520 shown in FIG. 5 (b). In the first sectional image 520 shown in FIG. 5B, an image area 521 corresponding to the porosity 511 of FIG. 5A, an image area 522 corresponding to the segregation 512 of FIG. 5A, and An image area 523 corresponding to the base 513 of 5 (a) is shown.

  Further, FIG. 5B shows a luminance graph 530 representing the luminance in the first cross-sectional image 520. The luminance graph 530 shows an example of a first binarization threshold 531 when the binarization processing unit 122 binarizes the first cross-sectional image 520.

  Further, in FIG. 5B, the first binary generated by binarizing the first cross-sectional image 520 using the first binarization threshold 531 in the binarization processing unit 122. An image 540 is shown. Specifically, in the first cross-sectional image 520, the binarization processing unit 122 blacks the area of the luminance value less than the first binarization threshold 531 according to one of binary values (for example, 0). A region (a first region), and a region having a luminance value equal to or more than a first binarization threshold 531 is a white region (a second region) related to the other value (for example, 1) of the binary values. A value image 540 is generated. In the first binary image 540, a black area (first area) 541 exists in an area corresponding to the porosity 511 of FIG. 5A, and a black area in an area corresponding to the segregation 512 in FIG. 5A. A (first area) 542 is present, and a white area (second area) 543 is present in an area corresponding to the base material portion 513 in FIG. 5A.

  In FIG. 5C, the second cross-sectional image generation unit 1212 performs the imaging control of the first stereo imaging mode shown in FIG. 3B on the cross section 201 of the slab shown in FIG. 5A. A second cross-sectional image 550 generated thereby is shown. In the first stereo photographing mode shown in FIG. 3B, illumination light is emitted at an oblique angle with respect to the reference axis 301 from the first illumination device 113 disposed on the left side of the reference axis 301, and the reference axis 301 In the image obtained by the photographing device 111, in the image obtained by the photographing device 111, in the porosity 511 having a deep concave portion, the right portion to which the illumination light is directly irradiated becomes bright (whiteish) and deep The part on the left side from the center, which is the shadow in the deep concave, becomes dark (blackish). On the other hand, since the recess 512 is not deep enough to cast a shadow like the porosity 511, the illumination light from the first lighting device 113 is incident on the inside and diffusely reflected (diffusely reflects) by the internal unevenness. Therefore, the image obtained by the photographing device 111 is displayed bright (white). In addition, since the base material portion 513 has a finer roughness and is closer to a mirror surface than the segregation 512, most of the illumination light emitted from the first lighting device 113 at an oblique angle to the reference axis 301 is specularly reflected. As a result, the amount of illumination light diffusely reflected (diffusely reflected) in the direction of the reference axis 301 is reduced, so that an image obtained by the photographing device 111 is displayed slightly darker (darker) than the segregation 512.

  Then, the second cross-sectional image generation unit 1212 corrects, for example, the brightness of the image so that the average brightness of the image obtained by the photographing device 111 described above becomes a predetermined brightness related to the intermediate color between white and black. To generate a second cross-sectional image 550 shown in FIG. 5 (c). In the second cross-sectional image 550 shown in FIG. 5C, an image area 551 corresponding to the right side portion of the porosity 511 of FIG. 5A, and a left side portion from the center of the porosity 511 of FIG. An image area 552 corresponding to the image area, an image area 553 corresponding to the segregation 512 in FIG. 5A, and an image area 554 corresponding to the base material portion 513 in FIG. 5A are shown.

  Further, in FIG. 5C, in the third cross-sectional image generation unit 1213, the imaging control of the second stereo imaging mode shown in FIG. 3C with respect to the cross section 201 of the slab shown in FIG. And a third cross-sectional image 560 generated by performing. In the second stereo photographing mode shown in FIG. 3C, illumination light is emitted at an oblique angle with respect to the reference axis 301 from the second illumination device 114 disposed on the right side of the reference axis 301, and the reference axis 301 In the image obtained by the photographing device 111, in the image obtained by the photographing device 111, the left portion to which the illumination light is directly irradiated becomes bright (whiteish) and deep in the image obtained by the photographing device 111 from the direction along The part to the right from the center, which is the shadow in the deep concave, becomes dark (blackish). On the other hand, since the recess 512 is not deep enough to cast a shadow like the porosity 511, the illumination light from the second illumination device 114 is internally incident and diffusely reflected (diffusely reflects) due to the internal unevenness. Therefore, the image obtained by the photographing device 111 is displayed bright (white). In addition, since the base material portion 513 has a finer degree of roughness than the segregation 512 and is close to a mirror surface, most of the illumination light emitted from the second illumination device 114 at an oblique angle to the reference axis 301 is specularly reflected. As a result, the amount of illumination light diffusely reflected (diffusely reflected) in the direction of the reference axis 301 is reduced, so that an image obtained by the photographing device 111 is displayed slightly darker (darker) than the segregation 512.

  Then, the third cross-sectional image generation unit 1213 corrects, for example, the brightness of the image so that the average brightness of the image obtained by the photographing device 111 described above becomes a predetermined brightness related to the intermediate color between white and black. To generate a third cross-sectional image 560 shown in FIG. 5 (c). In the third cross-sectional image 560 shown in FIG. 5C, an image area 561 corresponding to the left part of the porosity 511 of FIG. 5A, and a part from the center to the right of the porosity 511 of FIG. An image area 562 corresponding to the image area 563 corresponding to the segregation 512 in FIG. 5A and an image area 564 corresponding to the base material portion 513 in FIG. 5A are shown.

  Further, in FIG. 5C, in the fourth cross-sectional image generation unit 1214, the second cross-sectional image 550 and the third cross-sectional image 560 are subjected to subtraction processing (difference of luminance values of the two cross-sectional images is taken. A fourth cross-sectional image 570 generated by applying an intermediate value of luminance (for example, processing to add 128 if the maximum value of luminance is 255) is shown. In the example shown in FIG. 5C, a cross-sectional image generated by subjecting the third cross-sectional image 560 to the second cross-sectional image 550 as the fourth cross-sectional image 570 is shown. In the fourth cross-sectional image 570, a whiteish image area 571 and a blackish image area 572 (furthermore, an intermediate color image area 573 at the center portion) exist in the area corresponding to the porosity 511, and correspond to the segregation 512. In the area corresponding to the area and the base material portion 513, an intermediate color image area 574 exists. Here, the area corresponding to the segregation 512 in the fourth cross-sectional image 570 is that the image area 553 of the second cross-sectional image 550 and the image area 563 of the third cross-sectional image 560 are both whitish image areas. Intermediate colors will be taken in the difference image.

  Further, FIG. 5C shows a luminance graph 580 representing the luminance in the fourth cross-sectional image 570. The luminance graph 580 shows an example of a second binarization threshold 583 when the binarization processing unit 122 binarizes the fourth cross-sectional image 570. Further, as shown in FIG. 5C, the upper threshold 581 and the lower threshold 582 are set as the second binarization threshold 583 in the present embodiment.

  Further, in FIG. 5C, a second binary generated by binarizing the fourth cross-sectional image 570 using the second binarization threshold 583 in the binarization processing unit 122. An image 590 is shown. Specifically, in the fourth cross-sectional image 570, the binarization processing unit 122 blacks the area of the luminance value not less than the upper threshold 581 or less than the lower threshold 582 according to one of the binary values (for example, 0). An area (a first area) is an area having a luminance value less than the upper threshold 581 and not lower than the lower threshold 582 as a white area (a second area) according to the other value (for example, 1) of the two values. A binary image 590 is generated. In the second binary image 590, a black region (first region) 591 exists in a region corresponding to the porosity 511 of FIG. 5A, and corresponds to the segregation 512 and the base material portion 513 of FIG. 5A. There is a white area (second area) 592 in the area where

  In the example shown in FIG. 5C, a cross-sectional image generated by subjecting the second cross-sectional image 550 to subtraction processing from the third cross-sectional image 560 is shown as the fourth cross-sectional image 570. The embodiment is not limited to this aspect. For example, a mode in which a cross-sectional image generated by subjecting the second cross-sectional image 550 to the difference processing of the second cross-sectional image 550 is applied as the fourth cross-sectional image 570 is also applicable as the present embodiment. When this mode is adopted, in the fourth cross-sectional image 570, the image area 571 becomes a blackish image area and the image area 572 becomes a whitish image area, contrary to that shown in FIG. 5A. As a result, the luminance graph 580 also has the luminance value upside down, but since the upper threshold 581 and the lower threshold 582 are set as the second binarization threshold 583, the binarization processing unit 122 The second binary image generated by binarizing the fourth cross-sectional image 570 using the second binarization threshold value 583 at the second binary image shown in FIG. It is considered to be similar to 590.

  Further, in the present embodiment, the image processing / control apparatus 120 is configured to control the first light path 310 in the regular reflection imaging mode shown in FIG. 3A and the first optical path in the first stereo imaging mode shown in FIG. It is preferable to set the optical system 112 so that the optical path lengths of the optical path 320 of No. 2 and the optical paths of the third optical path 330 in the second stereo photographing mode shown in FIG. 3C become equal. By doing this, it is possible to make the size of the imaging target (the cross section 201 of the cast slab) per pixel of each cross-sectional image the same.

Here, it returns to the explanation of FIG. 1 again.
The determination unit 123 determines the first cross-sectional image generated by the cross-sectional image generation unit 121 and the fourth cross-sectional image based on the second cross-sectional image generated by the cross-sectional image generation unit 121 and the third cross-sectional image. Based on the processing, discrimination between the segregation 512 and the porosity 511 formed on the cross section 201 of the slab is performed. Specifically, the determination unit 123 uses the first binary image based on the first cross-sectional image generated by the binarization processing unit 122 and the second binary image based on the fourth cross-sectional image. Then, a process of discriminating the segregation 512 and the porosity 511 formed on the cross section 201 of the slab is performed. A determination method by the determination unit 123 will be described with reference to FIG. Discrimination unit 123 sets a black area (first area) in a corresponding area of second binary image 590 among black area (first area) 541 and black area (first area) 542 in first binary image 540. If there is an area), it is determined that the porosity 511 is formed in the black area (first area) in the first binary image 540, and the corresponding area of the second binary image 590 is determined. It is determined that the segregation 512 is formed in the black area (first area) in the first binary image 540 when the black area (first area) does not exist in the image. In the example illustrated in FIG. 5, the determination unit 123 determines that the porosity 511 is formed in the black area (first area) 541 in the first binary image 540, and the black area in the first binary image 590. It is determined that the segregation 512 is formed in the (first region) 542, and a process of discriminating the segregation 512 and the porosity 511 formed in the cross section 201 of the slab is performed.

Hereinafter, the description of FIG. 1 will be continued.
As a result of analysis of the slab 200, the discrimination result output unit 124 determines, for example, each cross-sectional image of the cross section 201 of the slab as the above-described discrimination result by the discrimination unit 123 (discrimination result regarding segregation 512 and porosity 511 of the slab 200). At the same time, it is output to the display device 140 for display or output to the external device G.

  The input device 130 is used to input information from the user to the image processing / control device 120, input an imaging instruction on the cross section 201 of the slab, and the like. The input device 130 includes, for example, a keyboard, a mouse as a pointing device, and the like.

  The display device 140 displays the information and the like output from the determination result output unit 124 based on the control by the image processing / control device 120. Also, the external device G is configured to be able to communicate with the image processing / control device 120.

  Next, the processing procedure of the slab analysis method by the slab analysis apparatus 100 according to the embodiment of the present invention will be described.

  FIG. 6 is a flowchart showing an example of the overall processing procedure in the embodiment of the present invention.

  First, in step S100, for example, a polishing apparatus, which is a type of the external apparatus G, polishes the cross section 201 of the slab to make the cross section 201 of the slab flat.

  Subsequently, in step S200, the etching processing apparatus, which is a type of the external apparatus G, for example, performs etching processing on the cross section 201 of the slab polished in step S100 using, for example, picric acid. Thereafter, if necessary, dirt on the cross section 201 of the slab is removed by polishing.

  Subsequently, in step S300, the image processing / control device 120 of the slab analysis device 100 detects the slab cross section of the slab analysis device 100 based on, for example, the imaging instruction at the cross section 201 of the slab input from the input device 130. The imaging mechanism 110 is controlled to photograph the cross section 201 of the slab subjected to the etching process, and a process of generating a cross-sectional image is performed.

  Subsequently, in step S400, the image processing / control device 120 of the slab analysis device 100 performs image processing on the cross-sectional image obtained as a result of the process of step S300 to analyze the slab 200 (more specifically, Analysis concerning segregation 512 and porosity 511 of the slab 200 is performed.

  Subsequently, in step S500, the image processing / control device 120 of the billet analyzing device 100 or the external device G performs the processing of the next step and subsequent steps (for example, whether to roll or transfer as it is based on the analysis result in step S400) To determine).

For example, in the case of a cast piece 200 having a small amount of segregation 512 and a small amount of porosity 511, a reduction in strength due to the segregation 512 is unlikely to occur, and the porosity 511 is considered to disappear due to rolling. It decides to roll as it is as processing. In addition, when rolling as a process after this next process, although it was initially directed to products with thick plate thickness, when the size of the porosity 511 is large and rolling of the plate thickness is considered that the porosity 511 does not disappear It is also applicable to decide to switch to another product having a thin plate thickness where the porosity 511 is considered to disappear.
Also, for example, in the case of a slab 200 in which a large amount of segregation 512 exists in a large amount, strength reduction due to the segregation 512 is considered, so products originally intended for products with strict quality standards regarding strength are quality standards regarding strength Decide to transfer to other loose products.

  Furthermore, since the causes of occurrence of the segregation 512 and the porosity 511 are different, the feedback destination in the manufacturing process of the slab 200 may be determined according to the number, size, etc. of the segregation 512 and the porosity 511. .

  Next, the detailed processing procedure of the slab cross-sectional imaging and the cross-sectional image generation process in step S300 in FIG. 6 will be described.

  FIG. 7 is a flow chart showing an example of a detailed processing procedure of cast slab cross-sectional imaging and cross-sectional image generation processing in step S300 of FIG. In the description of the flowchart of FIG. 7, the photographing mode includes the regular reflection photographing mode shown in FIG. 3A, the first stereo photographing mode shown in FIG. 3B, and FIG. 3C. It is assumed that there is a second stereo imaging mode. Further, in the description of the flowchart of FIG. 7, the setting of the photographing mode is the regular reflection photographing mode shown in FIG. 3A, the first stereo photographing mode shown in FIG. 3B, the first stereo photographing mode shown in FIG. Although the form set in order of 2 stereo imaging modes is demonstrated, in this invention, it is not limited to this form, You may set in order of another imaging mode. Further, at the start of the flowchart of FIG. 7, it is assumed that both the first lighting device 113 and the second lighting device 114 are turned off.

  First, in step S301, the image processing / control device 120 sets a first imaging mode. In the present embodiment, as described above, the regular reflection imaging mode shown in FIG. 3A, the first stereo imaging mode shown in FIG. 3B, and the second stereo imaging mode shown in FIG. 3C. Since it is assumed that the shooting mode is set in order, the regular reflection shooting mode shown in FIG. 3A is set as the first shooting mode here.

  Subsequently, in step S302, the image processing / control device 120 determines whether the imaging mode currently set is the regular reflection imaging mode.

If it is determined in step S302 that the currently set shooting mode is the regular reflection shooting mode (S302 / YES), the process proceeds to step S303.
In step S303, as shown in FIG. 3A, the first cross-sectional image generation unit 1211 performs processing for removing the movable mirror 1121 from the optical path.

  Subsequently, in step S304, the first cross-sectional image generation unit 1211 performs a process of lighting the first lighting device 113 after maintaining the second lighting device 114 off.

  Subsequently, in step S305, as shown in FIG. 3A, the first cross-sectional image generation unit 1211 scans (moves) the slab cross-section photographing mechanism 110 as shown in FIG. 4A. Illumination light is emitted from the first illumination device 113 toward the intersection 302, and control is performed to cause the photographing device 111 to photograph the cross section 201 of the slab from the regular reflection direction of the illumination light.

  Subsequently, in step S306, the first cross-sectional image generation unit 1211 performs the above-described luminance correction on the image obtained by the photographing in step S305, and generates a first cross-sectional image. Here, for example, the first cross-sectional image 520 shown in FIG. 5B is generated.

When the process of step S306 ends, the process proceeds to step S307.
In step S307, the image processing / control device 120 performs the regular reflection imaging mode shown in FIG. 3 (a), the first stereo imaging mode shown in FIG. 3 (b), and the second stereo imaging mode shown in FIG. 3 (c). It is determined whether all the shooting modes in the stereo shooting mode have ended. Here, since it is at the stage where the regular reflection imaging mode shown in FIG. 3A, which is the first imaging mode, is finished, a negative determination is made.

As a result of the determination in step S307, when all the shooting modes have not ended yet (S307 / NO), the process proceeds to step S308.
In step S308, the image processing / control device 120 sets the next shooting mode. Here, since it is the stage at which the regular reflection shooting mode shown in FIG. 3A, which is the first shooting mode, is finished, the first stereo shooting mode shown in FIG. 3B is set as the next shooting mode. . Along with the setting of the first stereo photographing mode shown in FIG. 3B, processing is also performed to extinguish the lighting device (here, the first lighting device 113) which is currently lighted.

When the process of step S308 ends, the process returns to step S302.
Here, description will be made assuming that the currently set shooting mode is the first stereo shooting mode shown in FIG. In this case, in step S302, it is determined that the currently set shooting mode is not the regular reflection shooting mode (S302 / NO), and the process proceeds to step S309.

  In step S309, as shown in FIG. 3B, the second cross-sectional image generation unit 1212 performs a process of putting the movable mirror 1121 in the optical path.

  Subsequently, in step S310, the image processing / control device 120 determines whether the currently set shooting mode is the first stereo shooting mode. Here, since the currently set shooting mode is the first stereo shooting mode shown in FIG. 3B, an affirmative determination is made.

If it is determined in step S310 that the currently set shooting mode is the first stereo shooting mode (S310 / YES), the process proceeds to step S311.
In step S311, the second cross-sectional image generation unit 1212 performs a process of lighting the first lighting device 113 after maintaining the second lighting device 114 off.

  Subsequently, in step S312, the second cross-sectional image generation unit 1212 scans (moves) the slab cross-section photographing mechanism 110 as shown in FIG. 4B, as shown in FIG. 3B. Control is performed such that illumination light is emitted from the first illumination device 113 toward the intersection 302, and the imaging device 111 captures an image of the cross section 201 of the slab from the direction along the reference axis 301.

Subsequently, in step S313, the second cross-sectional image generation unit 1212 performs the above-described luminance correction on the image obtained by the imaging in step S312 to generate a second cross-sectional image. Here, for example, the second cross-sectional image 550 shown in FIG. 5C is generated.
Thereafter, the process proceeds to step S307, but in this case it is determined that the first stereo imaging mode shown in FIG. 3B, which is the second imaging mode, has ended, so a negative determination is made (S307 / NO). In step S308, the second stereo imaging mode shown in FIG. 3C is set as the next imaging mode. Along with the setting of the second stereo imaging mode shown in FIG. 3C, processing is also performed to extinguish the lighting device currently lit (here, the first lighting device 113).

When the process of step S308 ends, the process returns to step S302.
Here, it is described that the currently set shooting mode is the second stereo shooting mode shown in FIG. In this case, in step S302, it is determined that the currently set shooting mode is not the regular reflection shooting mode (S302 / NO), and the process proceeds to step S309.

  In step S309, as shown in FIG. 3C, the third cross-sectional image generation unit 1213 performs a process of putting the movable mirror 1121 in the optical path.

  Subsequently, in step S310, the image processing / control device 120 determines whether the currently set shooting mode is the first stereo shooting mode. Here, since the currently set shooting mode is the second stereo shooting mode shown in FIG. 3C, a negative determination is made.

If it is determined in step S310 that the currently set shooting mode is not the first stereo shooting mode (S310 / NO), it is determined that the currently set shooting mode is the second stereo shooting mode. Go to S314.
In step S314, the third cross-sectional image generation unit 1213 performs a process of turning on the second lighting device 114 after maintaining the first lighting device 113 off.

  Subsequently, in step S315, the third cross-sectional image generation unit 1213 scans (moves) the slab cross-section photographing mechanism 110 as shown in FIG. 4C, as shown in FIG. 3C. Control is performed such that illumination light is emitted from the second illumination device 114 toward the intersection 302 and the photographing device 111 captures an image of the cross section 201 of the slab from the direction along the reference axis 301.

Subsequently, in step S316, the third cross-sectional image generation unit 1213 performs the above-described luminance correction on the image obtained by the imaging in step S315 to generate a third cross-sectional image. Here, for example, the third cross-sectional image 560 shown in FIG. 5C is generated.
After that, the process proceeds to step S307, and here, since it is the stage at which the second stereo imaging mode shown in FIG. 3C, which is the last (third) imaging mode, is ended, an affirmative determination is made (S307 / YES) . Then, the image processing / control device 120 performs processing for turning off the lighting device (here, the second lighting device 114) that is currently lighted, and then ends the processing of the flowchart shown in FIG.

  Next, the detailed processing procedure of the slab analysis processing in step S400 of FIG. 6 will be described.

  FIG. 8 is a flow chart showing an example of a detailed processing procedure of cast slab analysis processing in step S400 of FIG.

  First, in step S401, the fourth cross-sectional image generation unit 1214 performs difference processing on the second cross-sectional image generated in step S313 and the third cross-sectional image generated in step S316, Generate a cross sectional image. Here, for example, the fourth cross-sectional image 570 shown in FIG. 5C is generated.

  Subsequently, in step S402, the binarization processing unit 122 binarizes the first cross-sectional image 520 generated in step S306 using the first binarization threshold 531 to generate the first two images. Generate a value image. Here, for example, the first binary image 540 shown in FIG. 5B is generated.

  Subsequently, in step S403, the binarization processing unit 122 binarizes the fourth cross-sectional image 570 generated in step S401 using the second binarization threshold value 583 to generate the second two. Generate a value image. Here, for example, the second binary image 590 shown in FIG. 5C is generated.

  Subsequently, in step S404, using the first binary image 540 generated in step S402 and the second binary image generated in step S403, the segregation 512 formed in the cross section 201 of the slab. And the porosity 511 are discriminated.

  The determination method by the determination unit 123 in step S404 will be described using FIG. Discrimination unit 123 sets a black area (first area) in a corresponding area of second binary image 590 among black area (first area) 541 and black area (first area) 542 in first binary image 540. If there is an area), it is determined that the porosity 511 is formed in the black area (first area) in the first binary image 540, and the corresponding area of the second binary image 590 is determined. It is determined that the segregation 512 is formed in the black area (first area) in the first binary image 540 when the black area (first area) does not exist in the image. In the example illustrated in FIG. 5, the determination unit 123 determines that the porosity 511 is formed in the black area (first area) 541 in the first binary image 540, and the black area in the first binary image 540. It is determined that the segregation 512 is formed in the (first region) 542, and a process of discriminating the segregation 512 and the porosity 511 formed in the cross section 201 of the slab is performed.

  After that, the discrimination result output unit 124 uses, as an analysis result of the slab 200, the above-described discrimination result (discrimination result concerning the segregation 512 and porosity 511 of the slab 200) described above by the discrimination unit 123, for example, The image is output and displayed on the display device 140 and output to the external device G together with the cross-sectional image.

  When the above processing ends, the processing of the flowchart shown in FIG. 8 ends.

[Example]
Next, an example of the embodiment of the present invention will be described.

  In the example of the embodiment of the present invention, a line camera of 8192 pixels is applied as the imaging device 111 shown in FIG. Furthermore, the photographing device 111 uses a lens with a focal length of 50 mm, and the optical path length between the lens and the cross section 201 of the slab which is the subject (here, the first optical path 310 shown in FIG. The optical path length in all optical paths of the optical path 320 and the third optical path 330 is 380 mm, and the image resolution is 50 μm.

In the embodiment of the embodiment of the present invention, in FIG. 2, the angle theta ₁ and 40 °, also, the angle theta ₂ was 45 °. Moreover, as a measurement object, the cross-section 201 of the slab was polished and used for etching for about 3 hours using picric acid.

  FIG. 9 shows an example of the embodiment of the present invention, and it is shown in the first cross sectional image, the second cross sectional image, the third cross sectional image and the fourth cross sectional image generated by the cross sectional image generation unit 121 of FIG. It is a figure which shows an example.

  FIG. 9A shows a first sectional image 910, a second sectional image 920, a third sectional image 930 and a fourth sectional image when the porosity 511 having a diameter of about 0.8 mm exists in the broken line area 901. A cross-sectional image 940 is shown. Further, FIG. 9 (b) shows the first case where the porosity 511 having a diameter of about 0.5 mm exists in the broken line area 902 (in FIG. 9 (b), there are a plurality of porosities above and below). A cross-sectional image 950, a second cross-sectional image 960, a third cross-sectional image 970 and a fourth cross-sectional image 980 are shown. Specifically, in the fourth cross-sectional images 940 and 980, as described with reference to FIG. 5, the porosity 511 is present in the image area including white and black.

  In the first cross-sectional images 910 and 950 obtained by photographing in the regular reflection imaging mode, as described with reference to FIG. 5, since both the segregation 512 and the porosity 511 appear blackish, only from the first cross-sectional image Is difficult to distinguish between the segregation 512 and the porosity 511. On the other hand, as described with reference to FIG. 5, in the fourth cross-sectional images 940 and 980, the porosity 511 is represented as an image area including white and black, while the segregation 512 is an intermediate color image. Since the region is represented, the segregation 512 and the porosity 511 can be determined from the fourth cross-sectional image and the first cross-sectional image.

  As described above, the slab analysis device 100 according to the present embodiment includes the first binary image 540 generated based on the first cross-sectional image 520, the second cross-sectional image 550, and the third cross-sectional image. The segregation 512 and the porosity 511 formed on the cross section 201 of the slab are determined using the second binary image 590 generated based on the fourth cross-sectional image 570 based on 560. According to this configuration, as described with reference to FIG. 5, segregation and porosity in the slab can be accurately determined.

  Further, in the slab analysis apparatus 100 according to the present embodiment, the first light path 310 in the regular reflection imaging mode shown in FIG. 3A and the second in the first stereo imaging mode shown in FIG. 3B. The optical system 112 is set so that the optical path lengths of the optical path 320 and the respective optical paths of the third optical path 330 in the second stereo imaging mode shown in FIG. 3C become equal. According to this configuration, since the size of the object to be photographed (the cross section 201 of the slab) of each cross-sectional image can be made the same, discrimination between segregation and porosity in the slab can be performed with higher accuracy. Can.

(Other embodiments)
In the embodiment of the present invention described above, the embodiment in which the illumination light is irradiated from the first illumination device 113 at the time of photographing in the regular reflection photographing mode has been described, but in the present invention, the present invention is limited to this embodiment Absent. For example, the present invention also includes a mode in which photographing in the regular reflection photographing mode is performed by changing the arrangement of the photographing device 111 and the optical system 112 shown in FIG. 2 and irradiating illumination light from the second lighting device 114. . That is, in the present invention, photographing in the regular reflection photographing mode is performed by irradiating illumination light from any one of the first lighting device 113 and the second lighting device 114 which are a pair of lighting means. Any form may be used.

  Further, in the embodiment of the present invention described above, as shown in FIG. 4, the cross-section 201 of the slab is moved relative to the cross-section 201 of the slab cross-section photographing mechanism 110 and the cross-section 201 of the slab. Although the form for moving the slab cross-section photographing mechanism 110 has been described, the present invention is not limited to this form. For example, contrary to the example shown in FIG. 4, a mode in which the cross section 201 of the cast slab is moved with respect to the cast slab cross-sectional imaging mechanism 110 to perform imaging may be applied to the present invention.

  In the embodiment of the present invention described above, although the embodiment has been described in which the orthogonal axis orthogonal to the cross section 201 of the cast slab is applied as the reference shaft 301, the present invention is not limited to this embodiment. . In the present invention, although it is preferable to apply an orthogonal axis as the reference axis 301, other axes such as an axis substantially orthogonal to the cross section 201 of the slab will be applied if the axis intersects the cross section 201 of the slab. It is also possible.

The present invention is also realized by executing the following processing.
That is, software (program) for realizing the function of the slab analysis apparatus 100 according to the embodiment of the present invention described above is supplied to a system or apparatus via a network or various storage media, and a computer (or a computer of the system or apparatus). This is processing that the CPU, MPU, etc. read and execute a program. The program and a computer readable recording medium storing the program are included in the present invention.

  Note that the embodiments of the present invention described above are merely examples of implementation in practicing the present invention, and the technical scope of the present invention should not be interpreted in a limited manner by these. . That is, the present invention can be implemented in various forms without departing from the technical concept or the main features thereof.

100: slab analysis device, 110: slab cross section photographing mechanism, 111: imaging device, 112: optical system, 113: first illumination device, 114: second illumination device, 120: image processing / control device, 121 Cross-sectional image generation unit 1211: first cross-sectional image generation unit 1212: second cross-sectional image generation unit 1213: third cross-sectional image generation unit 1214: fourth cross-sectional image generation unit 122: binary Processing unit 123: discrimination unit 124: discrimination result output unit 130: input device 140: display device 200: slab, 201: cross section of slab, G: external device, 510: cross section shape of slab , 511: porosity, 512: segregation, 513: base material portion, 520: first cross-sectional image, 530: luminance graph, 540: first binary image, 550: second cross-sectional image, 560: third Cross-sectional image, 570: fourth cross-sectional image , 580: luminance graph, 590: second binary image

Claims (10)

A slab analyzer that analyzes slabs, and
A photographing means for photographing a cross section of the slab subjected to the etching process;
A pair of illumination means disposed so as to sandwich a reference axis intersecting the cross section;
Illumination light is emitted from any one of the pair of illumination means toward the intersection of the cross section and the reference axis, and the photographing means is photographed the cross section from the regular reflection direction of the illumination light First cross-sectional image is generated, illumination light is emitted from the first illumination unit of the pair of illumination units toward the intersection point, and the cross-section is transmitted to the imaging unit from the direction along the reference axis. The second cross section image is generated by photographing, and illumination light is emitted from the second illumination means of the pair of illumination means toward the intersection point, and the cross section is photographed from the direction along the reference axis A cross-sectional image generation unit that causes the unit to capture an image and generate a third cross-sectional image;
And a determination means for determining segregation and porosity formed on the cross section based on the first cross sectional image, the second cross sectional image and the third cross sectional image. apparatus. The cross-sectional image generation unit further generates a fourth cross-sectional image by performing subtraction processing on the second cross-sectional image and the third cross-sectional image.
The slab analysis according to claim 1, wherein the discrimination means discriminates segregation and porosity formed in the cross section on the basis of the first cross sectional image and the fourth cross sectional image. apparatus. The first cross-sectional image is binarized using a first binarization threshold to generate a first binary image, and the fourth cross-sectional image is processed using a second binarization threshold. And B binarizing processing to generate a second binary image.
The casting according to claim 2, wherein the discriminating means discriminates segregation and porosity formed in the cross section by using the first binary image and the second binary image. Piece analyzer. The binarization processing means
When generating the first binary image, an area of a luminance value less than the first binarization threshold in the first cross-sectional image is set as a first area according to one of two values, In the first cross-sectional image, an area having a luminance value equal to or more than the first binarization threshold value is set as a second area relating to the other of the two values
When generating the second binary image, an upper threshold and a lower threshold are set as the second binarization threshold, and a luminance equal to or higher than the upper threshold or lower than the lower threshold in the fourth cross-sectional image A region of values is taken as a first region relating to one of the two values, and in the fourth cross-sectional image, a region of luminance values less than the upper threshold and above the lower threshold is the other of the two values. As the second area pertaining to
When the first area is present in the corresponding area of the second binary image in the first area of the first binary image, the determination means determines the first binary image. When it is determined that the porosity is formed in the first region in the case where the first region does not exist in the corresponding region of the second binary image, the first region in the first binary image The slab analysis apparatus according to claim 3, wherein it is determined that segregation is formed on the surface. The photographing means is for photographing the cross section through an optical system,
The cross-sectional image generation unit causes the photographing unit to capture the cross-section from the regular reflection direction according to the setting of the optical system to generate the first cross-sectional image, and the setting along the optical system according to the setting of the optical system The image pickup section to photograph the cross section from a direction to generate the second cross sectional image, and the setting of the optical system causes the image pickup section to photograph the cross section from the direction along the reference axis; The slab analysis apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein a cross-sectional image is generated. The optical system includes a movable mirror and a fixed mirror, and
By setting the insertion and removal of the movable mirror with respect to the optical path until the illumination light emitted from the first illumination unit or the second illumination unit is reflected at the cross section and enters the imaging unit The slab analysis apparatus according to claim 5, wherein the first cross-sectional image, the second cross-sectional image, and the third cross-sectional image are generated.   In the photographing at the time of generating the first sectional image, in the photographing at the time of generating the second sectional image and the first light path from the reflection of the illumination light at the sectional to the incidence on the photographing means The second optical path from the illumination light reflected on the cross section to the incidence on the photographing means, and the illumination light on the cross section in the photographing at the time of generating the third sectional image, the photographing means The slab analysis apparatus according to claim 5 or 6, wherein the optical system is set so that the optical path lengths in the respective optical paths of the third optical path until the light is made to be equal. An imaging mechanism including the imaging means and the pair of illumination means is provided;
The cross-sectional image generation unit generates the first cross-sectional image, the second cross-sectional image, and the third cross-sectional image while moving the imaging mechanism and the cross-section relative to each other. The slab analysis device according to any one of claims 1 to 7. A slab analysis method using a slab analysis apparatus for analyzing a slab, the slab analysis method comprising:
The slab analysis apparatus includes an imaging unit configured to capture a cross section of the slab subjected to the etching process, and a pair of illumination units disposed so as to sandwich a reference axis intersecting the cross section.
Illumination light is emitted from any one of the pair of illumination means toward the intersection of the cross section and the reference axis, and the photographing means is photographed the cross section from the regular reflection direction of the illumination light First cross-sectional image is generated, illumination light is emitted from the first illumination unit of the pair of illumination units toward the intersection point, and the cross-section is transmitted to the imaging unit from the direction along the reference axis. The second cross section image is generated by photographing, and illumination light is emitted from the second illumination means of the pair of illumination means toward the intersection point, and the cross section is photographed from the direction along the reference axis A cross-sectional image generation step of causing the unit to capture and generate a third cross-sectional image;
And a determination step of determining segregation and porosity formed in the cross section based on the first cross sectional image, the second cross sectional image, and the third cross sectional image. Method.   The program for making a computer perform each step in the slab analysis method of Claim 9.