JP2019066079A - Exhaust heat recovery system - Google Patents

Abstract

To appropriately prevent ash dust from adhesion and deposition on exhaust gas flue pipes by restricting the bias of concentration of adhesion preventing agent which is flowing in a plurality of exhaust gas flue pipes.SOLUTION: An exhaust heat recovery system 100 that is provided comprises: an exhaust gas introduction pipe 150; and a spray part 160 for spraying ash dust adhesion preventing agent to the exhaust gas flue pipe, the spray part 160 includes a nozzle part 162 for introducing the mixture to a tip end side opening 162b from a base end side opening 162a connected to a circular pipe 161 to which an adhesion agent-compressed air mixture is introduced, the nozzle part 162 has the flat shaped tip end side opening 162b in which the width in the longer direction gradually expands while the height in the shorter direction gradually reducing so that the longer direction of the tip end side opening 162b agrees with the horizontal direction, and the mixture spray direction to the exhaust gas introduction pipe 150 is inclined by a prescribed angle β with respect to the exhaust gas flow direction of along the vertical direction.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 5

Description

  The present invention relates to an exhaust heat recovery apparatus.

With the growing interest in environmental protection in recent years, for example, it is necessary to reduce nitrogen oxides (hereinafter referred to as "NOx") contained in the exhaust gas emitted from a two-stroke low-speed diesel engine used as a main vessel of a ship. Is occurring. In order to reduce NOx, a method of passing exhaust gas of a diesel engine through a NOx removal catalyst is generally known (see, for example, Patent Document 1). Here, as the NOx removal catalyst, a catalyst based on a selective reduction method (SCR method) in which nitrogen is reduced using ammonia as a reducing agent is generally used.
In addition, as a steam generating device in a small-capacity plant or the like for ships, there is known a composite boiler which generates a steam by passing a flue gas through combustion gas from an oil burner and an exhaust gas discharged from a main machine (for example, Patent Document 2) reference).

JP 2012-82804 A JP-A-9-329301

In an economizer not equipped with a marine composite boiler or oil burner, there is a possibility that sulfuric acid mist contained in the exhaust gas discharged from the main unit adheres to the smoke pipe, which becomes a binder and dust adheres to the smoke pipe. When a large amount of dust adheres and deposits, problems such as a decrease in heat exchange performance and corrosion or blockage of a smoke pipe may occur.
In particular, when using a NOx removal system using ammonia to remove nitrogen oxides contained in the exhaust gas discharged from the main unit, the sulfur oxides in the exhaust gas and ammonia react with each other to form acidic ammonium sulfate (ammonium hydrogen sulfate: (NH ₄ ) HSO ₄ ) occurs. When the deposition of soot and dust on the smoke pipe is further promoted by the acid ammonium sulfate, the above-mentioned problems become particularly remarkable.

  The present invention has been made to solve the above-mentioned problems, and it is possible to suppress the deviation of the concentration of binders and dust adhesion inhibitors flowing into a plurality of exhaust gas smoke pipes, and adhere the dust to the respective exhaust gas smoke pipes and An object of the present invention is to provide an exhaust heat recovery apparatus capable of appropriately preventing deposition.

The present invention adopts the following means in order to solve the above-mentioned problems.
An exhaust heat recovery apparatus according to an aspect of the present invention includes a container including a water chamber to which water is supplied, a plurality of exhaust gas smoke pipes disposed along the vertical direction in the water chamber and in which exhaust gas flows, and An exhaust gas introduction pipe for guiding the exhaust gas along the vertical direction to an inflow port provided below, and an adhesion preventing agent provided on the exhaust gas introduction pipe for preventing adhesion of dust to the exhaust gas smoke pipe on the exhaust gas introduction pipe The container includes an exhaust gas inlet chamber for guiding the exhaust gas flowing from the exhaust gas introduction pipe to the lower ends of the plurality of exhaust gas smoke pipes, and the spray part is formed in a cylindrical shape Together with a circular tube portion into which a mixture of the anti-adhesion agent and a fluid for spraying the anti-adhesive agent is introduced, and the mixing from the proximal end opening portion connected to the circular pipe portion to the distal end side opening portion Guide the air through the tip opening A nozzle portion for spraying the air-fuel mixture into the exhaust gas introduction pipe; and the nozzle portion has a flat shape at the distal end side opening and is elongated from the proximal end side opening toward the distal end side opening The width of the direction is gradually expanded and the height in the lateral direction is gradually reduced, and the longitudinal direction of the tip side opening is made to coincide with the horizontal direction, and the spray direction of the mixture to the exhaust gas introduction pipe It is disposed to be inclined at a predetermined angle with respect to the flow direction of the exhaust gas along the vertical direction.

According to the exhaust heat recovery apparatus of one aspect of the present invention, the exhaust gas led from the exhaust gas introduction pipe to the inlet of the container is led from the exhaust gas inflow chamber to the lower ends of the plurality of exhaust gas smoke pipes and flows through the exhaust gas smoke pipe The water supplied to the water chamber is heated to generate steam. The exhaust gas introduction pipe is provided with a spray unit for spraying an antiadhesive agent. The nozzle portion of the spray unit has a flat distal end side opening and the width in the longitudinal direction gradually increases from the proximal end opening toward the distal end side opening and the height in the lateral direction gradually decreases It has a shape and is disposed with its longitudinal direction aligned with the horizontal direction. Since the nozzle portion is disposed to prevent the flow of the exhaust gas, the exhaust gas that collides with the nozzle portion forms a turbulent flow, and the turbulent flow promotes mixing and stirring of the antiadhesive agent and the exhaust gas. Further, since the spray direction of the mixture to the exhaust gas introduction pipe is inclined at a predetermined angle with respect to the flow direction of the exhaust gas, mixing and stirring of the antiadhesive agent and the exhaust gas are promoted.
As described above, according to the exhaust heat recovery apparatus according to one aspect of the present invention, the adhesion preventing agent and the exhaust gas are guided from the exhaust gas inflow chamber to the plurality of exhaust gas smoke pipes in a state of being well mixed and stirred. It is possible to suppress the deviation of the concentration of the binder and the dust adhesion inhibitor flowing into the exhaust gas smoke pipe, and appropriately prevent the adhesion and accumulation of the dust on each exhaust gas smoke pipe.

In the exhaust heat recovery apparatus according to one aspect of the present invention, the predetermined angle may be set to an angle that is greater than 0 degrees and not more than 135 degrees.
The mixing and stirring of the antiadhesion agent and the exhaust gas can be appropriately promoted by setting the inclination angle with respect to the flow direction of the exhaust gas in the spray direction of the mixture to an angle larger than 0 degree and 135 degrees or less.

In the exhaust heat recovery apparatus according to one aspect of the present invention, the nozzle portion has a shape in which the width in the longitudinal direction is gradually expanded at a constant change rate from the proximal end opening toward the distal end opening. The central angle of the shape may be set to an angle of 30 degrees or more and 120 degrees or less.
By making the nozzle part in a shape set to a central angle of not less than 30 degrees and not more than 120 degrees, the circulation of the exhaust gas is impeded to generate turbulent flow, and mixing and stirring of the antiadhesive agent and the exhaust gas by turbulent flow Can be properly promoted.

  An exhaust heat recovery apparatus according to an aspect of the present invention includes a container including a water chamber to which water is supplied, a plurality of exhaust gas smoke pipes disposed along the vertical direction in the water chamber and in which exhaust gas flows, and An exhaust gas introduction pipe for guiding the exhaust gas along the vertical direction to an inflow port provided below, and an anti-adhesion agent provided on the exhaust gas introduction pipe, for preventing the adhesion of soot and dust to the exhaust gas smoke pipe A spray unit, the container having an exhaust gas inflow chamber for guiding the exhaust gas flowing from the exhaust gas introduction pipe to lower ends of the plurality of exhaust gas smoke pipes, the spray section being formed in a cylindrical shape A circular tube into which a mixture of an antiadhesive agent and a fluid for spraying the antiadhesive agent is introduced, and the mixture to the distal side opening from the proximal end opening connected to the cylindrical portion Guiding the exhaust gas from the distal end opening It has a nozzle unit for spraying the mixture into inlet tube, wherein the nozzle unit is arranged to spray direction of the air-fuel mixture into the exhaust gas inlet pipe from the vertical direction by a predetermined angle inclined.

  According to the exhaust heat recovery apparatus according to one aspect of the present invention, since the spray direction of the mixture to the exhaust gas introduction pipe is inclined at a predetermined angle with respect to the flow direction of the exhaust gas, stirring of the antiadhesive agent and the exhaust gas and Diffusion is promoted. Therefore, it is possible to suppress the deviation of the concentration of the binder and the dust adhesion prevention agent flowing into the plurality of exhaust gas smoke pipes, and appropriately prevent the adhesion and the accumulation of the dust to the respective exhaust gas smoke pipes.

In the exhaust heat recovery apparatus according to one aspect of the present invention, the exhaust gas introduction pipe is disposed with the central axis of the exhaust gas introduction pipe offset from the central axis of the container, and the plurality of exhaust gas smoke pipes are It is arrange | positioned in the other area | region except the upper area | region of the said waste gas introduction pipe | tube, The said front end side opening part is arrange | positioned rather than the central axis of the said waste gas introduction pipe with respect to the central axis of the said container. Good.
Since the tip end side opening of the nozzle portion is disposed at a position spaced apart from the central axis of the exhaust gas introduction pipe with respect to the central axis of the container, the adhesion preventing agent introduced from the exhaust gas introduction pipe into the exhaust gas inflow chamber It flows into the upper region of the tube, which is sufficiently spaced from the region in which the flue gas tube is arranged. Further, since the anti-adhesion agent circulates a sufficient distance after flowing into the exhaust gas inflow chamber and before being led to the lower end of the exhaust gas smoke pipe, stirring and diffusion with the exhaust gas are further promoted when circulating.

In the exhaust heat recovery apparatus according to one aspect of the present invention, the nozzle portion has a flat shape at the distal end side and a longitudinal width gradually from the proximal end toward the distal side opening. The shape may be enlarged so that the height in the lateral direction gradually decreases, and the longitudinal direction of the distal end side opening may be arranged to coincide with the horizontal direction.
Since the nozzle portion having the flat-shaped tip opening portion is disposed to prevent the flow of the exhaust gas, the exhaust gas that collides with the nozzle portion forms a turbulent flow, and the turbulent flow causes stirring and diffusion of the antiadhesive agent and the exhaust gas. Promoted.

In the exhaust heat recovery apparatus according to one aspect of the present invention, the nozzle portion has a shape in which the width in the longitudinal direction is gradually expanded at a constant change rate from the proximal end opening toward the distal end opening. The central angle of the shape may be set to an angle of 30 degrees or more and 120 degrees or less.
By setting the nozzle portion to a shape set to have a central angle of 30 degrees or more and 120 degrees or less, the flow of exhaust gas is impeded to generate turbulent flow, and agitation and diffusion of the antiadhesive agent and the exhaust gas by turbulent flow Can be properly promoted.

In the exhaust heat recovery apparatus according to one aspect of the present invention, the exhaust gas includes sulfur oxide and ammonia, and the soot and dust includes ammonium hydrogen sulfate generated by the reaction of the sulfur oxide and the ammonia. May be there.
In an environment where deposition of soot and dust on the smoke pipe is further promoted by acid ammonium sulfate, the concentration of the anti-adhesion agent flowing into the plurality of flue gas smoke pipes is suppressed, and adhesion and deposition of soot and dust on each flue gas smoke pipe is appropriately prevented. can do.

  According to the present invention, it is possible to suppress the bias of the concentration of the binder and the dust adhesion inhibitor flowing into the plurality of exhaust gas smoke pipes, and to appropriately prevent the adhesion and deposition of the dust onto the respective exhaust gas smoke pipes. A collection device can be provided.

It is a figure showing a schematic structure of a vessel concerning one embodiment of the present invention. It is a schematic block diagram of the exhaust heat recovery system with which the vessel concerning one embodiment of the present invention is provided. It is a longitudinal cross-sectional view of the composite boiler shown in FIG. FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view of the composite boiler shown in FIG. FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view of the composite boiler shown in FIG. It is the figure which looked at the spraying part shown in FIG. 5 from the front of the front end side opening part. FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view of the composite boiler shown in FIG. It is a figure which shows the modification of the spraying part of a composite boiler.

  Hereinafter, a ship according to an embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 is a view showing a schematic configuration of a ship 1 according to an embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 2 is a view showing a schematic configuration of an exhaust heat recovery system 30 provided in the ship 1 according to the present embodiment. As shown in FIG. 1 and FIG. 2, the ship 1 according to the present embodiment includes a marine internal combustion engine 10, a denitration device 20, an exhaust heat recovery system 30, and on-off valves 40, 50, 60.

  The marine internal combustion engine 10 is, for example, a two-stroke low-speed diesel engine that includes a cylinder (not shown), an exhaust receiver (exhaust manifold) 11 and a supercharger 12 and is used as a main unit of the ship 1. A piston (not shown) connected to a crankshaft (not shown) is disposed in each cylinder portion. Further, an exhaust port (not shown) of each cylinder portion is connected to the exhaust receiver 11 via an exhaust pipe (not shown), and an exhaust for opening and closing the opening in the opening of each exhaust pipe to the cylinder A valve 13 is arranged.

The denitration device 20 includes a reducing agent storage tank 21, a reducing agent supply device 22, a reducing agent injection nozzle 23, a denitration reactor 24, a burner unit 25, and a control device 26.
The reducing agent storage tank 21 stores a reducing agent (in the present embodiment, aqueous ammonia or aqueous urea). The reducing agent storage tank 21 and the reducing agent supply device 22 are connected via the reducing agent supply pipe L1, and the reducing agent storage device 21 supplies the reducing agent to the reducing agent supply device 22 as necessary. Ru.

  The reducing agent injection nozzle 23 is provided in a flue L2 connecting the turbocharger 12 and the denitrification reactor 24. Further, the reducing agent injection nozzle 23 and the reducing agent supply device 22 are connected via a reducing agent supply pipe L3, and the reducing agent is supplied from the reducing agent supply device 22 as necessary. Then, the reducing agent in the form of a mist is sprayed from the reducing agent injection nozzle 23 into the flue L2.

  A branch pipe L4 for bypassing the exhaust gas having passed through the turbocharger 12 to the exhaust heat recovery system 30 is connected to the flue L2 on the upstream side of the position where the burner unit 25 is provided. Therefore, it is possible to operate the ship 1 without using the denitrification reactor 24 in the sea area where the denitrification reactor 24 malfunctions or the restriction on the emission of nitrogen oxides is eased.

  Further, in the flue L2 located downstream of the branch portion between the flue L2 and the branch pipe L4 and upstream of the burner unit 25, an open / close valve 40 whose open / close state is switched by the control device 26 is provided. ing. Further, an open / close valve 50 whose open / close state is switched by the control device 26 is provided in the branch pipe L4 located downstream of the branch portion between the flue L2 and the branch pipe L4.

  Inside the denitration reactor 24, for example, a plurality of catalysts 24a having a honeycomb structure are provided while the external appearance exhibits a rectangular solid shape. When the exhaust gas passes through the catalyst 24a, nitrogen oxides (NOx) contained in the exhaust gas are decomposed into nitrogen and water, and the NOx in the exhaust gas is removed. Then, the exhaust gas from which the NOx has been removed is led to the exhaust heat recovery system 30 through the flue L5 connecting the denitration reactor 24 and the exhaust heat recovery system 30. In the flue L5, an open / close valve 60 whose open / close state is switched by the control device 26 is provided.

Next, the exhaust heat recovery system 30 provided in the ship 1 of the present embodiment will be described.
As shown in FIG. 2, the exhaust heat recovery system 30 is an apparatus that recovers the exhaust heat of the exhaust gas discharged from the marine internal combustion engine 10. The exhaust heat recovery system 30 includes a composite boiler (exhaust heat recovery device) 100, an exhaust gas flow path 31, a water supply flow path 32, a heater 33, an atmospheric pressure drain tank 34, and a water supply pump 35. .

  The composite boiler 100 is a device that generates heat by heat exchange between high temperature exhaust gas and water. A high temperature exhaust gas is introduced to the composite boiler 100 from the flue L5 via the exhaust gas flow path 31. Further, water is introduced from the atmospheric pressure drain tank 34 to the composite boiler 100 by the water supply pump 35 via the water supply flow path 32. The water fed into the composite boiler 100 is evaporated by heat exchange with the exhaust gas, and the generated steam is delivered to the heater 33. The heater 33 is used as a heat source of various devices (oil heater, tank heater, etc.) in the ship 1. The steam used as a heat source by the heater 33 is collected in the atmospheric pressure drain tank 34.

Next, the composite boiler 100 provided in the exhaust heat recovery system 30 of the present embodiment will be described.
The composite boiler 100 of the present embodiment has a function as an auxiliary boiler that produces fuel saturated steam by using a burner to grind fuel oil in addition to the economizer that uses only the exhaust gas of the main engine. The composite boiler 100 can be separately used as an auxiliary boiler that produces fuel by sprinkling fuel oil while anchored, and as an exhaust gas economizer that uses the exhaust gas of a main engine during a cruise. In addition, when the steam due to the heat of the exhaust gas can not cover the necessary amount of steam on board due to the deceleration of the main engine etc., the shortage of steam is compensated for by refueling the fuel oil. As shown in FIG. 3, the composite boiler 100 includes a container 110, a plurality of exhaust gas smoke pipes 120, a plurality of combustion gas smoke pipes 130, a furnace 140, an exhaust gas introduction pipe 150, a spray unit 160, and an exhaust gas discharge pipe 170. And a combustion gas discharge pipe 180.

  The container 110 includes a water chamber 111 to which water Wt is supplied, an inlet 112 to which exhaust gas is introduced from an exhaust gas inlet pipe 150, an exhaust gas inlet chamber 113 to which exhaust gas introduced from the inlet 112 is supplied, an exhaust gas smoke pipe An exhaust gas outlet chamber 114 in communication with the upper end of the combustion chamber 120 and a combustion gas outlet chamber 115 in communication with the upper end of the combustion gas smoke pipe 130 are provided.

  The exhaust gas smoke pipe 120 is a pipe body which is disposed along the vertical direction in the water chamber 111 and through which the exhaust gas flowing from the lower end communicated with the exhaust gas inflow chamber 113 flows. Exhaust gas flowing in from the lower end of the exhaust gas smoke pipe 120 is discharged to the exhaust gas outflow chamber 114 from the upper end. The exhaust gas led to the exhaust gas outflow chamber 114 is discharged from the exhaust gas discharge pipe 170 to the outside of the ship 1.

  The combustion gas smoke pipe 130 is a pipe which is disposed along the vertical direction in the water chamber 111 and through which the combustion gas flowing from the lower end communicated with the combustion chamber 142 flows. The combustion gas flowing in from the lower end of the combustion gas smoke pipe 130 is discharged to the combustion gas outflow chamber 115 from the upper end. The combustion gas led to the combustion gas outlet chamber 115 is discharged from the combustion gas outlet pipe 180 to the outside of the ship 1.

  The furnace 140 includes a combustion burner 141 and a combustion chamber 142 in which the fuel is burned by the combustion burner 141. The fuel gas generated in the combustion chamber 142 is led to the lower end of the combustion gas smoke pipe 130.

  The exhaust gas introduction pipe 150 is a pipe body for guiding the exhaust gas along the vertical direction to the inlet 112 provided below the container 110. The exhaust gas inflow chamber 113 into which the exhaust gas flows from the inflow port 112 is a space for guiding the exhaust gas flowing from the exhaust gas introduction pipe 150 to the lower ends of the plurality of exhaust gas smoke pipes 120.

The exhaust gas flowing through the exhaust gas introduction pipe 150 contains ammonia water generated from ammonia water or urea water used as a reducing agent in the denitrification apparatus 20. In addition, the exhaust gas contains sulfur oxides including sulfur dioxide and sulfur trioxide. The soot contained in the exhaust gas contains acid ammonium sulfate (ammonium hydrogen sulfate: (NH ₄ ) HSO ₄ ) produced by the reaction of sulfur trioxide and ammonia.

The spray unit 160 is provided on the exhaust gas introduction pipe 150 and sprays an adhesion preventing agent on the exhaust gas introduction pipe 150 for preventing adhesion of soot and dust to the exhaust gas smoke pipe 120. As shown in FIGS. 4 and 5, the spray unit 160 includes a circular pipe portion 161 and a nozzle portion 162.
As the anti-adhesion agent, for example, powder particles having a minute particle diameter (for example, 0.1 μm or more and 10 μm or less) containing magnesium hydroxide as a main component can be used.

  The circular tube portion 161 is a cylindrically formed tube extending along the axis X3. A mixture of the anti-adhesion agent and the compressed air for spraying the anti-adhesion agent is introduced into the circular pipe portion 161 from a supply source (not shown). The pressure of the compressed air is assumed to be a pressure (for example, 1 bar or more and 9 bar or less) sufficiently higher than the exhaust gas flowing through the exhaust gas introduction pipe 150. As shown in FIGS. 4 and 5, the circular pipe portion 161 is disposed in a state of penetrating the exhaust gas introduction pipe 150.

The nozzle portion 162 guides the air-fuel mixture from the proximal end side opening portion 162 a connected to the circular pipe portion 161 to the distal end side opening portion 162 b and sprays the air-fuel mixture from the distal end side opening portion 162 b to the exhaust gas introduction pipe 150. As shown in FIG. 6, the distal end side opening portion 162b has a flat shape, and the width W in the longitudinal direction is longer than the height in the lateral direction. As shown in FIGS. 4 and 5, in the nozzle portion 162, the width W in the longitudinal direction gradually increases from the proximal opening 162a to the distal opening 162b, and the height H in the lateral direction gradually decreases. It has a shape that
The cross-sectional area of the nozzle portion 162 in the plane orthogonal to the axis X3 is desirably the same cross-sectional area at any position from the proximal opening 162a to the distal opening 162b. By doing this, it is possible to reduce the pressure loss when the air-fuel mixture passes through the nozzle portion 162.

  More specifically, the nozzle portion 162 has a triangular shape in which the width W in the longitudinal direction gradually expands at a constant change rate from the proximal opening 162 a to the distal opening 162 b. The triangular central angle α is set to an angle of 30 degrees or more and 120 degrees or less. Further, it is desirable to set the triangular central angle α to an angle of 45 degrees or more and 90 degrees or less.

  Further, the nozzle portion 162 aligns the longitudinal direction of the tip end side opening portion 162b with the horizontal direction and sprays the mixture to the exhaust gas introduction pipe 150 at a predetermined angle β with respect to the flow direction of the exhaust gas along the vertical direction. It is placed at an angle. Note that the flow direction of the exhaust gas is a direction from the bottom to the top along the axis X1, which is the central axis of the exhaust gas introduction pipe 150.

  Here, the predetermined angle β is set to an angle larger than 0 degree and equal to or less than 135 degrees. Further, it is desirable to set the predetermined angle β to an angle of 15 degrees or more and 90 degrees or less. The reason why the predetermined angle β is 90 degrees or less is that if the predetermined angle is larger than 90 degrees, the mixture containing the anti-adhesion agent sprayed from the nozzle portion 162 has a velocity component in the opposite direction to the flow direction of the exhaust gas. This is because the flow of exhaust gas may prevent the mixture from being sprayed.

  Next, with reference to FIG. 7, the relationship between the area where the plurality of exhaust gas smoke pipes 120 arranged in the water chamber 111 are arranged and the area where the exhaust gas introduction pipe 150 is arranged will be described. FIG. 7 is a cross-sectional view of the composite boiler shown in FIG. 3 taken along the line III-III. In FIG. 7, a region indicated by a broken line indicates a region in which the exhaust gas introduction pipe 150 is disposed below. Further, in FIG. 7, the axis X1 indicates the central axis of the exhaust gas introduction pipe 150 formed in a cylindrical shape, and the axis X2 indicates the central axis of the container 110 formed in a cylindrical shape.

  As shown in FIG. 7, the axis X1 which is the central axis of the exhaust gas introduction pipe 150 is disposed in a state of being shifted from the axis X2 which is the central axis of the container 110. The plurality of exhaust gas smoke pipes 120 are disposed in the other area except the upper area (the area surrounded by a circle shown by a broken line in FIG. 7) of the exhaust gas introduction pipe 150. Further, as shown in FIG. 4 and FIG. 5, the tip end side opening portion 162 b of the nozzle portion 162 is separated from the axis X 2 which is the central axis of the container 110 than the axis X 1 which is the central axis of the exhaust gas introducing pipe 150 It is placed in position. The position at which the distal end side opening portion 162b is disposed may be any position as far as it is a position spaced apart from the axis X2 with respect to the axis X1. Further, the position at which the tip end side opening portion 162b of the nozzle portion 162 is disposed may be any other position as long as it does not coincide with the axis X1.

  In FIG. 5, the inner wall of the exhaust gas introduction pipe 150 is made to penetrate the circular pipe portion 161 of the spray portion 160 at a position separated from the axis X2 with respect to the axis X1. In this case, assuming that the inner diameter of the exhaust gas introduction pipe 150 is D, the distance from the inner wall of the exhaust gas introduction pipe 150 to the tip end opening 162b of the nozzle 162 at a position where the spray unit 160 penetrates is smaller than D / 2. The reason for making it smaller than D / 2 is to set the position at which the distal end side opening portion 162b is disposed to a position separated from the axis X2 with respect to the axis X1.

  Note that, instead of FIG. 5, a modification shown in FIG. 8 may be used. In the modification shown in FIG. 8, the inner wall of the exhaust gas introduction pipe 150 is penetrated at a position where the circular pipe portion 161 of the spray portion 160A is closer to the axis X2 than the axis X1. In this case, assuming that the inner diameter of the exhaust gas introduction pipe 150 is D, the distance from the inner wall of the exhaust gas introduction pipe 150 to the tip end opening 162b of the nozzle 162 at a position where the spray unit 160 penetrates is larger than D / 2. The reason for making it larger than D / 2 is to set the position at which the distal end side opening portion 162b is disposed to a position separated from the axis X2 with respect to the axis X1.

The operation and effect of the composite boiler 100 of the present embodiment described above will be described.
According to the composite boiler 100 of the present embodiment, the exhaust gas led from the exhaust gas introduction pipe 150 to the inlet 112 of the container 110 is led from the exhaust gas inflow chamber 113 to the lower ends of the plurality of exhaust gas smoke pipes 120 and flows through the exhaust gas smoke pipe 120 The water supplied to the water chamber 111 is heated to generate steam. The exhaust gas introduction pipe 150 is provided with a spray unit 160 for spraying an antiadhesive agent. The nozzle portion 162 of the spray portion 160 has a flat distal end side opening portion 162b and a width W in the longitudinal direction gradually increases from the proximal end side opening portion 162a toward the distal end side opening portion 162b, The height H has a shape that gradually shrinks, and the longitudinal direction is arranged to coincide with the horizontal direction. Since the nozzle portion 162 is disposed to prevent the flow of the exhaust gas, the exhaust gas colliding with the nozzle portion 162 forms a turbulent flow, and the turbulent flow promotes stirring and diffusion of the antiadhesive agent and the exhaust gas. Further, since the spray direction of the air-fuel mixture to the exhaust gas introduction pipe 150 is inclined at the predetermined angle β with respect to the flow direction of the exhaust gas, stirring and diffusion of the adhesion preventing agent and the exhaust gas are promoted.

  Thus, according to the composite boiler 100 of the present embodiment, the adhesion preventing agent and the exhaust gas are led from the exhaust gas inflow chamber 113 to the plurality of exhaust gas smoke pipes 120 in a state of being well stirred and diffused. It is possible to suppress the deviation of the concentration of the binder and the dust adhesion inhibitor flowing into 120, and appropriately prevent the adhesion and deposition of the dust on each exhaust gas smoke pipe 120.

  When the triangular central angle α is 90 degrees and the inclination angle (predetermined angle β) of the spray direction of the mixture with respect to the flow direction of exhaust gas is 90 degrees, the adhesion preventing agent in the exhaust gas inflow chamber 113 is an example. The standard deviation of the concentration distribution was improved by 10%, and the deviation of the concentration of the adhesion preventing material in the exhaust gas inflow chamber 113 was reduced.

In the composite boiler 100 of the present embodiment, the predetermined angle β is set to an angle larger than 0 degree and equal to or less than 135 degrees. More preferably, it is 15 degrees or more and 90 degrees or less.
Stirring and diffusion of the anti-adhesion agent and the exhaust gas can be appropriately promoted by setting the inclination angle with respect to the flow direction of the exhaust gas in the spray direction of the mixture to an angle larger than 0 degree and 135 degrees or less.

In the composite boiler 100 according to the present embodiment, the nozzle portion 162 has a triangular shape in which the width W in the longitudinal direction gradually expands at a constant change rate from the proximal end opening 162a to the distal end opening 162b. The central angle of is set to an angle of 30 degrees or more and 120 degrees or less.
By forming the nozzle portion 162 in a triangular shape whose central angle is set to an angle of 30 degrees or more and 120 degrees or less, the circulation of the exhaust gas is impeded to generate turbulent flow, and agitation of the adhesion preventing agent and the exhaust gas by turbulent flow And diffusion can be properly promoted.

  According to the composite boiler 100 of the present embodiment, the tip end side opening portion 162 b of the nozzle portion 162 is disposed at a position separated from the axis X 2 of the container 110 than the axis X 1 of the exhaust gas introduction pipe 150. Therefore, the adhesion preventing agent introduced from the exhaust gas introduction pipe 150 into the exhaust gas inflow chamber 113 flows into the area above the exhaust gas introduction pipe 150 and sufficiently separated from the area in which the exhaust gas smoke pipe 120 is disposed. Collide with the lower wall. The air-fuel mixture containing the anti-adhesion agent which has collided with the wall flows along the inner peripheral surface of the container 110 so as to wrap around the region where the exhaust gas smoke pipe 120 is disposed as shown by the arrows in FIG. As a result, the anti-adhesion agent flows through a sufficient distance from the time it flows into the exhaust gas inflow chamber to the time it is guided to the lower end of the exhaust gas smoke pipe 120, and agitation and diffusion with the exhaust gas are promoted. And the bias | inclination of the density | concentration of the binder and the adhesion preventing agent of soot which flow into several exhaust gas smoke pipe 120 is prevented.

  In the above description, an example of applying the composite boiler 100 including both the exhaust gas smoke pipe 120 and the combustion gas smoke pipe 130 has been described as an exhaust heat recovery apparatus that generates steam by heat exchange between high temperature exhaust gas and water. Other exhaust heat recovery devices may be used. For example, an exhaust gas economizer that does not have a combustion gas smoke pipe and generates steam using only high temperature exhaust gas as a heat source may be applied.

1 ship 10 ship internal combustion engine 20 denitration device 30 exhaust heat recovery system 100 composite boiler (exhaust heat recovery device)
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 110 container 111 water chamber 112 inflow port 113 exhaust gas inflow chamber 114 exhaust gas outflow chamber 115 combustion gas outflow chamber 120 exhaust gas smoke pipe 130 combustion gas smoke pipe 140 combustion burner 142 combustion burner 142 combustion chamber 150 exhaust gas introduction pipe 160 spray part 161 circular pipe part 162 nozzle part 162a proximal end side opening portion 162b distal end side opening portion 170 exhaust gas exhaust pipe 180 combustion gas exhaust pipe

Claims (8)

A container comprising a water chamber to which water is supplied;
A plurality of exhaust gas smoke pipes which are disposed along the vertical direction in the water chamber and through which the exhaust gas flows;
An exhaust gas introduction pipe for guiding the exhaust gas along a vertical direction to an inlet provided below the container;
A spray unit provided on the exhaust gas introduction pipe and spraying an anti-adhesion agent on the exhaust gas introduction pipe for preventing adhesion of dust to the exhaust gas smoke pipe;
The container has an exhaust gas inflow chamber for guiding the exhaust gas flowing from the exhaust gas introduction pipe to lower ends of the plurality of exhaust gas smoke pipes,
The spray unit is
A circular tube portion formed in a cylindrical shape and into which a mixture of the anti-adhesion agent and a fluid for spraying the anti-adhesion agent is introduced;
A nozzle unit for guiding the mixed gas from the proximal end opening connected to the circular pipe portion to the distal end opening and spraying the mixed gas from the distal end opening to the exhaust gas introduction pipe;
The nozzle unit is
The distal end side opening has a flat shape, and the width in the longitudinal direction gradually increases from the proximal end side opening toward the distal end side opening, and the height in the lateral direction gradually decreases.
Exhaust which is disposed so that the longitudinal direction of the tip end opening coincides with the horizontal direction, and the spray direction of the mixture to the exhaust gas introduction pipe is inclined at a predetermined angle with respect to the flow direction of the exhaust gas along the vertical direction. Heat recovery equipment.   The exhaust heat recovery apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the predetermined angle is set to an angle larger than 0 degrees and equal to or smaller than 135 degrees. The nozzle portion has a shape in which the width in the longitudinal direction gradually expands from the proximal end opening toward the distal end opening at a constant change rate,
The exhaust heat recovery apparatus according to claim 1, wherein a central angle of the shape is set to an angle of 30 degrees or more and 120 degrees or less. A container comprising a water chamber to which water is supplied;
A plurality of exhaust gas smoke pipes which are disposed along the vertical direction in the water chamber and through which the exhaust gas flows;
An exhaust gas introduction pipe for guiding the exhaust gas along a vertical direction to an inlet provided below the container;
A spray unit provided on the exhaust gas introduction pipe and spraying an anti-adhesion agent to the exhaust gas to prevent adhesion of dust to the exhaust gas smoke pipe;
The container has an exhaust gas inflow chamber for guiding the exhaust gas flowing from the exhaust gas introduction pipe to lower ends of the plurality of exhaust gas smoke pipes,
The spray unit is
A circular tube portion formed in a cylindrical shape and into which a mixture of the anti-adhesion agent and a fluid for spraying the anti-adhesion agent is introduced;
A nozzle unit for guiding the mixed gas from the proximal end opening connected to the circular pipe portion to the distal end opening and spraying the mixed gas from the distal end opening to the exhaust gas introduction pipe;
The said nozzle part is a waste heat recovery apparatus arrange | positioned by making predetermined angle inclination with respect to the distribution direction of the said waste gas along the perpendicular direction for the spraying direction of the said air-fuel | gaseous mixture to the said waste gas introduction pipe. The exhaust gas introduction pipe is disposed with the central axis of the exhaust gas introduction pipe offset from the central axis of the container,
The plurality of exhaust gas smoke pipes are disposed in the other area except the upper area of the exhaust gas introduction pipe,
The exhaust heat recovery apparatus according to claim 4, wherein the tip end side opening portion is disposed at a position spaced apart from a central axis of the container with respect to a central axis of the exhaust gas introduction pipe.   In the nozzle portion, the distal end side opening is flat, and the width in the longitudinal direction gradually increases from the proximal end side opening toward the distal end side opening, and the height in the lateral direction gradually decreases. The exhaust heat recovery apparatus according to claim 5, wherein the exhaust heat recovery device is shaped and disposed such that the longitudinal direction of the distal end opening portion coincides with the horizontal direction. The nozzle portion has a shape in which the width in the longitudinal direction gradually expands from the proximal end opening toward the distal end opening at a constant change rate,
The exhaust heat recovery apparatus according to claim 4, wherein a central angle of the shape is set to an angle of 30 degrees or more and 120 degrees or less. The exhaust gas contains sulfur oxide and ammonia,
The exhaust heat recovery apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein the soot and dust includes ammonium hydrogen sulfate generated by the reaction of the sulfur oxide and the ammonia.

Images