JP2019051830A - Vehicle control device - Google Patents

Vehicle control device Download PDF

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JP2019051830A
JP2019051830A JP2017177406A JP2017177406A JP2019051830A JP 2019051830 A JP2019051830 A JP 2019051830A JP 2017177406 A JP2017177406 A JP 2017177406A JP 2017177406 A JP2017177406 A JP 2017177406A JP 2019051830 A JP2019051830 A JP 2019051830A
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vehicle
obstacle
camera
detected
sonar
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哲也 石谷
Tetsuya Ishitani
哲也 石谷
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Daihatsu Motor Co Ltd
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Abstract

To enhance accuracy for detecting an obstacle while suppressing cost.SOLUTION: An alarm generator 18 and/or automatic brake device 20 operate when an obstacle is detected, where the obstacle is detected from a long distance based on output from a camera 12 and detected from a short distance based on output from a sonar 14. Namely, an obstacle is detected by the camera 12 and the inexpensive sonar 14 at multiple levels.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 1

Description

この発明は、車両制御装置に関し、特に、障害物が探知されたときにアラーム発生器および/または自動ブレーキを作動させる、車両制御装置に関する。   The present invention relates to a vehicle control device, and more particularly to a vehicle control device that activates an alarm generator and / or an automatic brake when an obstacle is detected.

たとえば特許文献1のように、従来から、前方の障害物をカメラで探知して緊急ブレーキを作動させる衝突被害軽減ブレーキが提案されている。車両に搭載されるカメラとしては、より広角かつ高精度で障害物を探知するものが望ましい。   For example, as in Patent Document 1, conventionally, a collision damage alleviating brake has been proposed in which an obstacle ahead is detected by a camera and an emergency brake is activated. As a camera mounted on a vehicle, a camera that detects an obstacle with a wider angle and higher accuracy is desirable.

特開平5−112224号公報Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 5-112224

しかし、より広角かつ高精度のカメラを搭載しようとすると、カメラが大型化するとともに、カメラ画像を処理するECUの性能も高めなければならない。このような要求は、軽自動車などのコンパクトカーにおいては、運転者の視界の妨げとなるほか、車両の高価格化も引き起こす。また、車高が高い車両に搭載されるカメラの画角が狭ければ、目前の下方に迫った障害物がカメラの探知範囲から外れてしまい、緊急ブレーキが適切に作動しないおそれがある。   However, if a camera with a wider angle and higher accuracy is to be mounted, the camera becomes larger and the performance of the ECU that processes the camera image must also be improved. Such a requirement not only obstructs the driver's view in a compact car such as a light vehicle, but also causes an increase in the price of the vehicle. Also, if the angle of view of the camera mounted on a vehicle with a high vehicle height is narrow, an obstacle approaching the immediate lower side may be out of the detection range of the camera, and the emergency brake may not operate properly.

それゆえに、この発明の主たる目的は、コストを抑えつつ障害物の探知精度を高めることができる、車両制御装置を提供することである。   Therefore, a main object of the present invention is to provide a vehicle control device capable of increasing the obstacle detection accuracy while suppressing cost.

この発明に係る車両制御装置は、障害物が探知されたときアラーム発生器および/または自動ブレーキを作動させる車両制御装置であって、車載カメラの出力に基づいて遠距離から障害物を探知する第1探知手段、および車載ソナーの出力に基づいて近距離から障害物を探知する第2探知手段を備える。   The vehicle control device according to the present invention is a vehicle control device that activates an alarm generator and / or an automatic brake when an obstacle is detected, and detects an obstacle from a long distance based on the output of the in-vehicle camera. 1 detection means, and 2nd detection means to detect an obstacle from a short distance based on the output of in-vehicle sonar.

車載カメラと安価な車載ソナーによって重層的に障害物を探知することで、コストを抑えつつ障害物の探知精度を高めることができる。   By detecting obstacles in multiple layers using an in-vehicle camera and an inexpensive in-vehicle sonar, it is possible to increase the accuracy of detecting obstacles while reducing costs.

この発明の上述の目的,その他の目的,特徴および利点は、図面を参照して行う以下の実施例の詳細な説明から一層明らかとなろう。   The above object, other objects, features and advantages of the present invention will become more apparent from the following detailed description of embodiments with reference to the drawings.

この実施例の車両の要部構成を示すブロック図である。It is a block diagram which shows the principal part structure of the vehicle of this Example. この実施例の車両の概略を側面から眺めた状態を表す図解図である。It is an illustration figure showing the state which looked at the outline of the vehicles of this example from the side. 図1に示すECUの動作の一部を示すフロー図である。It is a flowchart which shows a part of operation | movement of ECU shown in FIG. (A)は自車両とその前方を走行する他車両との位置関係の一例を示す図解図であり、(B)は自車両とその前方を走行する他車両との位置関係の他の一例を示す図解図である。(A) is an illustration figure which shows an example of the positional relationship of the own vehicle and the other vehicle which drive | works ahead of it, (B) is another example of the positional relationship of the own vehicle and the other vehicle which drives ahead of it. It is an illustration figure shown.

図1および図2を参照して、この実施例の車両制御装置10は、車両100のルームミラー近傍に設けられたカメラ(車載カメラ)12と、車両100のフロントグリルに設けられたソナー(車載ソナー)14とを備える。ここで、車両100はワンボックス型であり、カメラ12は高い視点で車両100の前方の物体を捉える一方、ソナー14は低い位置から車両100の前方に超音波信号を発信する。   Referring to FIGS. 1 and 2, a vehicle control apparatus 10 of this embodiment includes a camera (on-vehicle camera) 12 provided in the vicinity of a rearview mirror of vehicle 100 and a sonar (on-vehicle) provided on a front grill of vehicle 100. Sonar) 14. Here, the vehicle 100 is a one-box type, and the camera 12 captures an object in front of the vehicle 100 from a high viewpoint, while the sonar 14 transmits an ultrasonic signal to the front of the vehicle 100 from a low position.

カメラ12は、車両100の前方を表すカメラ画像を作成し、作成したカメラ画像を制御回路16に対して周期的に出力する。ソナー14は、車両100の前方から超音波信号を検知し、検知した超音波信号を制御回路16に対して出力する。   The camera 12 creates a camera image representing the front of the vehicle 100 and periodically outputs the created camera image to the control circuit 16. The sonar 14 detects an ultrasonic signal from the front of the vehicle 100 and outputs the detected ultrasonic signal to the control circuit 16.

出力されたカメラ画像および超音波信号は、DRAM16mに書き込まれる。制御回路16は、DRAM16mに格納されたカメラ画像および超音波信号の各々に基づいて、車両100の前方から障害物を探索する。ここで、障害物を探索できる範囲は、カメラ12については車両100の前方の60mまでの範囲であり、ソナー14については車両100の前方の4mまでの範囲である。   The output camera image and ultrasonic signal are written in the DRAM 16m. The control circuit 16 searches for an obstacle from the front of the vehicle 100 based on each of the camera image and the ultrasonic signal stored in the DRAM 16m. Here, the range in which the obstacle can be searched is the range up to 60 m ahead of the vehicle 100 for the camera 12, and the range up to 4 m ahead of the vehicle 100 for the sonar 14.

制御回路16は、このような探索処理の結果に基づいてアラーム発生器18および自動ブレーキ装置20を制御するべく、図3に示すフロー図に従う処理を実行する。なお、このフロー図に対応する制御プログラムは、図示しない不揮発性メモリに記憶される。   The control circuit 16 executes processing according to the flowchart shown in FIG. 3 in order to control the alarm generator 18 and the automatic brake device 20 based on the result of such search processing. Note that a control program corresponding to this flowchart is stored in a nonvolatile memory (not shown).

図3を参照して、ステップS1では、カメラ画像に基づいて障害物が探知されたか否かを判別し、ステップS3では、超音波信号に基づいて障害物が探知されたか否かを判別する。   Referring to FIG. 3, in step S1, it is determined whether an obstacle has been detected based on the camera image. In step S3, it is determined whether an obstacle has been detected based on the ultrasonic signal.

ステップS1の判別結果およびステップS3の判別結果のいずれもがNOであれば、アラーム発生器18によるアラームの発生および/または自動ブレーキ装置20によるブレーキの作動をキャンセルする。キャンセルが完了すると、ステップS1に戻る。なお、後述するステップS13の処理が実行されていなければ、ステップS5の処理は意味をなさない。   If both the determination result in step S1 and the determination result in step S3 are NO, the generation of the alarm by the alarm generator 18 and / or the operation of the brake by the automatic brake device 20 is cancelled. When the cancellation is completed, the process returns to step S1. In addition, if the process of step S13 mentioned later is not performed, the process of step S5 does not make sense.

一方、ステップS1の判別結果またはステップS3の判別結果がYESであれば、ステップS7に進む。ステップS7では、DRAM16mに書き込まれたカメラ画像または超音波信号に基づいて、車両100が障害物に衝突する可能性を算出する。ステップS9では、算出された衝突可能性が閾値TH_Hを上回るか否かを判別し、ステップS11では、算出された衝突可能性が閾値TH_L以下であるか否かを判別する。なお、閾値TH_HおよびTH_Lの間には、TH_H>TH_Lの関係が成り立つ。   On the other hand, if the determination result of step S1 or the determination result of step S3 is YES, it will progress to step S7. In step S7, the possibility that the vehicle 100 will collide with an obstacle is calculated based on the camera image or the ultrasonic signal written in the DRAM 16m. In step S9, it is determined whether or not the calculated collision possibility exceeds a threshold value TH_H. In step S11, it is determined whether or not the calculated collision possibility is less than or equal to a threshold value TH_L. Note that the relationship TH_H> TH_L is established between the thresholds TH_H and TH_L.

ステップS9の判別結果がYESであれば、ステップS13に進み、アラーム発生器18および/または自動ブレーキ装置20を作動させる。アラームは運転者に対して報知され、ブレーキは車両100に対して作用する。これによって、障害物との衝突の回避が図られる。ステップS13の処理が完了すると、ステップS1に戻る。   If the determination result of step S9 is YES, it will progress to step S13 and will operate the alarm generator 18 and / or the automatic brake device 20. FIG. The alarm is notified to the driver, and the brake acts on the vehicle 100. This avoids a collision with an obstacle. When the process of step S13 is completed, the process returns to step S1.

ステップS11の判別結果がYESであれば、ステップS15に進み、上述したステップS5の処理と同様の処理を実行する。ステップS9の判別結果およびステップS11の判別結果のいずれもがNOであれば、そのままステップS1に戻る。   If the determination result of step S11 is YES, it will progress to step S15 and will perform the process similar to the process of step S5 mentioned above. If both the determination result of step S9 and the determination result of step S11 are NO, the process returns to step S1 as it is.

したがって、図4(A)に示すように車両100から他車両200までの距離が長ければ(たとえば10m近く離れていれば)、他車両200がカメラ画像に現れる。ただし、ソナー14から発信された超音波信号は他車両200に届かず、ソナー14が検知する超音波信号に他車両200の存在が反映されることはない。   Therefore, as shown in FIG. 4A, if the distance from the vehicle 100 to the other vehicle 200 is long (for example, if it is separated by about 10 m), the other vehicle 200 appears in the camera image. However, the ultrasonic signal transmitted from the sonar 14 does not reach the other vehicle 200, and the presence of the other vehicle 200 is not reflected in the ultrasonic signal detected by the sonar 14.

このときはステップS1の判別結果がYESとなり、衝突可能性が閾値TH_Hを上回ることを条件としてアラーム発生器18および/または自動ブレーキ装置20が作動する。   At this time, the determination result in step S1 is YES, and the alarm generator 18 and / or the automatic brake device 20 are operated on condition that the possibility of collision exceeds the threshold value TH_H.

また、図4(B)に示すように車両100から他車両200までの距離が短ければ(たとえば3m近くまで接近すれば)、カメラ12の位置が高いために、他車両200がカメラ画像から消失する。ただし、ソナー14から発信された超音波信号は、他車両200で反射され、ソナー14によって検知される。   Further, as shown in FIG. 4B, if the distance from the vehicle 100 to the other vehicle 200 is short (for example, when approaching close to 3 m), the other vehicle 200 disappears from the camera image because the position of the camera 12 is high. To do. However, the ultrasonic signal transmitted from the sonar 14 is reflected by the other vehicle 200 and detected by the sonar 14.

このときはステップS3の判別結果がYESとなり、衝突可能性が閾値TH_Hを上回ることを条件としてアラーム発生器18および/または自動ブレーキ装置20が作動する。   At this time, the determination result in step S3 is YES, and the alarm generator 18 and / or the automatic brake device 20 are operated on condition that the possibility of collision exceeds the threshold value TH_H.

以上の説明から分かるように、アラーム発生器18および/または自動ブレーキ装置20は、障害物が探知されたときに作動する。ここで、障害物は、カメラ12の出力に基づいて遠距離から探知されるだけでなく、ソナー14の出力に基づいて近距離からも探知される。カメラ12と安価なソナー14とによって重層的に障害物を探知することで、コストを抑えつつ障害物の探知精度を高めることができる。   As can be seen from the above description, the alarm generator 18 and / or the automatic brake device 20 operate when an obstacle is detected. Here, the obstacle is not only detected from a long distance based on the output of the camera 12 but also detected from a short distance based on the output of the sonar 14. By detecting obstacles in layers with the camera 12 and the inexpensive sonar 14, it is possible to increase obstacle detection accuracy while suppressing costs.

10 …車両制御装置
12 …カメラ
14 …ソナー
16 …制御回路
18 …アラーム発生器
20 …自動ブレーキ装置
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 10 ... Vehicle control apparatus 12 ... Camera 14 ... Sonar 16 ... Control circuit 18 ... Alarm generator 20 ... Automatic brake device

Claims (1)

障害物が探知されたときアラーム発生器および/または自動ブレーキを作動させる車両制御装置であって、
車載カメラの出力に基づいて遠距離から前記障害物を探知する第1探知手段、および
車載ソナーの出力に基づいて近距離から前記障害物を探知する第2探知手段を備える、車両制御装置。
A vehicle control device that activates an alarm generator and / or an automatic brake when an obstacle is detected,
A vehicle control device comprising: first detection means for detecting the obstacle from a long distance based on an output of an in-vehicle camera; and second detection means for detecting the obstacle from a short distance based on an output of the in-vehicle sonar.
JP2017177406A 2017-09-15 2017-09-15 Vehicle control device Pending JP2019051830A (en)

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JP2015532712A (en) * 2012-08-25 2015-11-12 ヴァレオ・シャルター・ウント・ゼンゾーレン・ゲーエムベーハー Improved operating method of ultrasonic sensor, driver assistance device and automobile
US20160114798A1 (en) * 2014-10-27 2016-04-28 Hyundai Motor Company Driver assistance apparatus and method for operating the same

Patent Citations (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2003016598A (en) * 2001-06-28 2003-01-17 Fuji Heavy Ind Ltd Driving support device for vehicle
JP2004259151A (en) * 2003-02-27 2004-09-16 Denso Corp Collision avoidance control device
JP2005082118A (en) * 2003-09-11 2005-03-31 Advics:Kk Brake control device
JP2007112297A (en) * 2005-10-20 2007-05-10 Denso Corp System for avoiding collision of vehicle with obstacle
JP2012144158A (en) * 2011-01-12 2012-08-02 Toyota Motor Corp Travel support apparatus
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