JP2019051519A - Hydrogen treatment device - Google Patents

Abstract

To provide a hydrogen treatment device which can reduce thermal damage caused by reaction heat by smoothly treating hydrogen contained in treated gas while suppressing oxygen from freeing from a reaction material.SOLUTION: A hydrogen treatment device 50 removes hydrogen contained in gas by passing through a reaction part 80 structured of a reaction material in which introduced gas reacts with the hydrogen, and is provided with a housing for including the reaction part 80, an inlet part for introducing the gas in the housing, and an outlet part for guiding the gas, which is introduced to the housing and passes through the rection part 80, to an external of the housing. The reaction material is a processed reaction material 93 which is structured by adding a binder, which stabilizes a form and does not react with the hydrogen, to a pure reaction material structured of a substance which reacts with the hydrogen.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 7

Description

  Embodiments described herein relate generally to a hydrogen treatment apparatus that removes hydrogen contained in a gas.

  In a nuclear power plant, a reactor pressure vessel that houses a reactor core is stored in a reactor containment vessel. The reactor containment vessel has an upper dry well and a lower dry well that surround the reactor pressure vessel, and a wet well with a suppression pool that is connected to the upper dry well via a vent pipe and stores water inside. Has been. In addition, a biological shielding wall is installed surrounding the reactor pressure vessel.

  In the reactor containment vessel configured as described above, when a nuclear accident occurs, hydrogen is generated in the reactor containment vessel. For example, if the main steam pipe connected to the reactor pressure vessel breaks, high temperature and high pressure reactor primary coolant (water) is discharged into the upper dry well in the reactor containment vessel, and the upper dry tube The pressure and temperature in the well rise rapidly.

  It mixes with the gas in the upper dry well and is absorbed in the suppression pool through the vent tube. The reactor pressure vessel is filled with water from the suppression pool by the emergency core cooling system to cool the core, but this cooling water absorbs the decay heat from the core for a long time and It flows out from the break opening to the dry well. For this reason, the pressure and temperature in the upper dry well are always higher than the wet well.

  Under such a long-term event, in the reactor of a light water reactor type nuclear power plant, water as a coolant is radioactively decomposed to generate hydrogen gas and oxygen gas. Further, when the temperature of the fuel cladding tube rises, a reaction (Metal-Water reaction) occurs between the water vapor and the zirconium of the fuel cladding tube material, and hydrogen gas is generated in a short time.

  The hydrogen gas generated in this way is discharged into the reactor containment vessel from the fractured port of the broken pipe, and the hydrogen gas concentration in the reactor containment vessel gradually increases. Moreover, since hydrogen gas is non-condensable, the pressure in the reactor containment vessel also increases.

  For such a situation where hydrogen gas is generated and the hydrogen concentration in the reactor containment vessel increases, no effective measures can be taken and the hydrogen gas concentration is increased to 4 vol% and the oxygen concentration is increased to 5 vol% or more. When it rises, that is, when the concentration of hydrogen gas as the combustible gas exceeds the combustible limit, the gas becomes combustible. Furthermore, when the hydrogen gas concentration increases, there is a possibility that an excessive reaction occurs.

  For example, in the case of a conventional boiling water nuclear power generation facility, an effective measure for preventing a situation where hydrogen gas, which is a flammable gas, becomes a flammable state, It may be replaced with gas to keep the oxygen concentration low. By introducing equipment that can implement such measures, the reactor containment vessel is prevented from becoming a flammable atmosphere even for hydrogen gas generated in large quantities in a short time by the Metal-Water reaction. Inherent safety is achieved.

  Another countermeasure example is to install a combustible gas concentration suppressing device having a recombiner and a blower outside the reactor containment vessel. The flammable gas concentration suppression device sucks the gas in the reactor containment vessel out of the reactor containment vessel, raises the temperature, recombines hydrogen gas and oxygen gas, returns them to water, and cools the remaining gas. Is a device that operates to return to the reactor containment. By installing the combustible gas concentration suppressing device that operates in this manner, an increase in the combustible gas concentration in the reactor containment vessel is suppressed.

  Furthermore, as another countermeasure example different from the above countermeasure (apparatus), an apparatus that statically suppresses the combustible gas concentration without requiring an external power supply has been proposed. As an example of a technique for statically reducing the concentration of combustible gas without requiring an external power source, for example, a plurality of catalytic recombination devices that promote a recombination reaction using a hydrogen oxidation catalyst are contained in a reactor containment vessel. There are technologies to install and technologies to treat hydrogen using active metals.

JP 2005-3371 A

  Under the event that a large amount of hydrogen is generated by the Metal-Water reaction, it is difficult to remove hydrogen in a low oxygen state by the above-described conventional hydrogen treatment technique by recombination of hydrogen and oxygen. When hydrogen cannot be removed, the pressure in the containment vessel cannot be reduced, and it becomes difficult to lead the accident to convergence. In this case, the current system is planned to release the atmosphere in the containment vessel to reduce the pressure in the containment vessel and converge the accident, but at the same time there is a considerable risk of releasing radioactive waste into the environment. Will bear. Therefore, as a method of removing hydrogen from a gas containing hydrogen to be subjected to hydrogen removal treatment (hereinafter referred to as “treated gas”) even in a low oxygen state where oxygen concentration is low and recombination is difficult, A technique using a hydrogen storage alloy has been proposed.

  However, the weight of the hydrogen occluded by the hydrogen occlusion alloy is, for example, about 1.8% of the alloy weight in the case of Ti—Fe, and the occlusion amount is only a few percent of the alloy weight at most. Therefore, a huge amount of hydrogen storage alloy is required to cope with the situation where hydrogen is generated in large quantities, such as when a severe nuclear reactor accident occurs, using hydrogen removal technology that uses a hydrogen storage alloy. In reality, there is a problem in that it is difficult to apply.

  As another method for removing hydrogen from the gas to be treated, a method for removing hydrogen by placing a catalyst for promoting the hydrogen / oxygen reaction at the lower stage and a catalyst for promoting the hydrogen / nitrogen reaction at the upper stage has been proposed. ing.

  However, within a few hours after the occurrence of a severe nuclear reactor accident, there is little oxygen in the reactor containment vessel, so there is a problem in that the hydrogen removal technology using the catalyst as a treatment material cannot always exhibit a sufficient effect.

On the other hand, as the treated material to remove process hydrogen (reaction material with hydrogen), for example, copper oxide (CuO), peroxide manganese _{(Mn n O} m), metal oxide such as cobalt oxide _(Co n _{O m),} Using a material having a higher-order oxidation number in a metal oxide that can take a plurality of oxidation numbers such as a metal peroxide that is a salt composed of peroxide ions (O ₂ ²⁻ ) and a metal, hydrogen There has also been proposed a technique for removing hydrogen by oxidizing. In this technique, not only when a metal peroxide is used as a reaction material, but also when a metal oxide is used, O and hydrogen gas contained in the metal oxide are combined to form water (H ₂ O). Therefore, there is an advantage that hydrogen can be removed without requiring oxygen from the outside.

  Generally, scandium (Sc), titanium (Ti), vanadium (V), chromium (Cr), manganese (Mn), iron (Fe), cobalt (Co), nickel (Ni), copper (Cu), Zinc (Zn), yttrium (Y), zirconium (Zr), molybdenum (Mo), technetium (Tc), ruthenium (Ru), rhodium (Rh), cadmium (Cd), hafnium (Hf), tantalum (Ta), A metal peroxide selected from tungsten (W), rhenium (Re), osmium (Os), iridium (Ir), platinum (Pt), niobium (Nb), etc. is effective as the reaction material.

  However, when the hydrogen removal technology using the above-described metal peroxide or the like as a reaction material is applied to remove hydrogen gas contained in the atmosphere in the reactor containment vessel, manganese that has a good reaction with hydrogen at a low temperature The (Mn) -based oxide has a property that oxygen is liberated at about 280 degrees (° C.). Therefore, in an environment of an oxygen release temperature (about 280 ° C.) or higher where oxygen release occurs, oxygen is supplied into the reactor containment vessel in which the Mn-based oxide is inactivated, which is not preferable. .

  In order to avoid a situation in which oxygen is supplied, it is effective to use a reaction material that does not release oxygen even when the temperature rises. An example of a material that does not release oxygen even when the temperature rises is copper (Cu) oxide. However, since the reaction rate of Cu oxide is low at low temperatures, it is assumed that all of the reactants with hydrogen are made of Cu oxide is applied to an apparatus in an environment that requires a large amount of hydrogen removal. It will be disadvantageous if you do.

  Further, since the Cu oxide has a large heat of reaction with hydrogen, the temperature of the treatment material (reaction material) becomes high when it reacts with hydrogen. Therefore, in order to compensate for the low reaction rate at low temperature, it is important how to suppress the liberation of oxygen when a Mn-based oxide is used as a material having a good reaction at low temperature.

  Further, when the treatment material (reaction material) reacts with hydrogen and the hydrogen is oxidized to become water, reaction heat is generated, so that the temperature of the container itself enclosing the treatment material rises. An increase in the temperature of the container in which the treatment material is enclosed is not preferable because the structural safety of the container can be lowered.

  On the other hand, in order to efficiently use the processing material enclosed in the container, it is required to rapidly increase the temperature from the inlet where the gas to be processed that reacts with the processing material flows into the container.

  The present invention has been made in view of the above-described problems, and can smoothly treat hydrogen contained in a gas to be treated while suppressing oxygen release from a reaction material, and can reduce thermal damage caused by reaction heat. An object is to provide a processing apparatus.

  In order to solve the above-described problems, a hydrogen treatment apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention removes hydrogen contained in the gas by passing through a reaction unit configured by a reaction material in which the introduced gas reacts with hydrogen. A hydrogen treatment apparatus that encloses the reaction part, an inlet part that introduces the gas into the case, and the gas introduced into the case and passed through the reaction part. The reaction material is formed by adding a binding material that stabilizes the form and does not react with hydrogen to a pure reaction material composed of a substance that reacts with hydrogen. It is characterized by being.

  According to the embodiment of the present invention, hydrogen contained in the gas to be processed can be smoothly processed while suppressing oxygen liberation from the reaction material, and thermal damage caused by reaction heat can be reduced.

Schematic which shows the example of application of the hydrogen processing apparatus which concerns on embodiment of this invention. Schematic which shows the structural example of the hydrogen treatment apparatus which concerns on embodiment of this invention. Schematic which shows the structural example (1st structural example) of the reaction material container of the reaction material module which the hydrogen treatment apparatus which concerns on embodiment of this invention comprises. Explanatory drawing (table | surface) which shows the relationship between the reaction material which can be applied to the hydrogen treatment apparatus which concerns on embodiment of this invention, reaction rate, the presence or absence of oxygen release, and the emitted-heat amount at the time of reaction. Explanatory drawing (graph) which shows the relationship between the reaction material and reaction rate which can be applied to the hydrogen treatment apparatus which concerns on embodiment of this invention. Schematic which shows the structural example (2nd structural example) of the reaction material container of the reaction material module which the hydrogen treatment apparatus which concerns on embodiment of this invention comprises. Schematic which shows the structural example (3rd structural example) of the reaction material container of the reaction material module which the hydrogen treatment apparatus which concerns on embodiment of this invention comprises.

  Hereinafter, a hydrogen treatment apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. In the following description, words indicating directions such as up, down, left, and right are based on the illustrated state or the normal use state.

In the hydrogen treatment apparatus according to the embodiment of the present invention, as a technique for removing hydrogen, a plurality of metal peroxides such as a metal oxide or a salt composed of a peroxide ion (O ₂ ²⁻ ) and a metal are used. A material that consumes (removes) hydrogen by oxidizing a hydrogen using a material having a higher-order oxidation number in a metal oxide that can take a certain oxidation number is employed. The technology for removing hydrogen contained in the gas to be treated using a metal peroxide as a reaction material uses oxygen contained in the metal peroxide itself, so that it does not require external oxygen from the gas to be treated. There is an advantage that hydrogen can be removed. Note that even when a metal oxide is used as the reaction material, water (H ₂ O) can be generated by combining O and hydrogen gas contained in the metal oxide.

  Subsequently, for the hydrogen treatment apparatus according to the embodiment of the present invention, a case where the hydrogen treatment apparatus according to the embodiment of the present invention is applied when removing hydrogen from the atmosphere of the reactor containment vessel 1 (FIG. 1) is illustrated. I will explain.

  FIG. 1 shows an application example of a hydrogen treatment apparatus 50 that is an example of a hydrogen treatment apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention (an example in which the hydrogen treatment apparatus 50 is applied to remove hydrogen from the atmosphere of the reactor containment vessel 1. ).

  Here, each configuration shown in FIG. 1 includes a reactor containment vessel 1, a core 2, a reactor pressure vessel 3, a biological shielding wall 4, an upper dry well 5, a lower dry well 6, a wet well 7, and a vent pipe. 8, a suppression pool 9, a main steam pipe 11, a safety valve 12, and a vacuum breaker valve 13.

  The hydrogen treatment apparatus 50 is connected to the reactor containment vessel 1 through a supply pipe 51 and a return pipe 52, for example. Further, an atmosphere gas (processed gas) 15 to be subjected to hydrogen removal treatment is introduced into the supply pipe 51 into the hydrogen treatment apparatus 50 and the atmosphere gas after hydrogen removal treatment in the hydrogen treatment apparatus 50 (hereinafter referred to as “treated gas”). A pump 53 for sending 16 to the outside of the hydrogen treatment apparatus 50 is provided.

Furthermore, the supply pipe 51 and the return pipe 52 are each provided with an on-off valve 54 for switching the open / close state of the flow path. The on-off valve 54 is closed when hydrogen removal is not necessary, that is, when the nuclear reactor is normally operated, and a hydrogen treatment is performed when an event in which a large amount of hydrogen is generated by the Metal-Water reaction occurs. Opened when the device 50 needs to be activated.
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram illustrating a configuration example of the hydrogen treatment apparatus 50.

  The hydrogen treatment apparatus 50 includes a reaction material module 60 in a housing 55 connected to a supply pipe 51 and a return pipe 52 as a hydrogen removing unit.

  The reaction material module 60 includes a plurality of reaction material containers 70 (70A, 70B, 70C, etc.) that contain the reaction material in a breathable manner and each form an independent flow path. On the inflow side (lower side in FIG. 2) and the gas outflow side (upper side in FIG. 2), a lower support plate 63 and an upper support plate 64 that support the reaction material container 70 in the housing 55 are provided.

  The reaction material container 70 has air permeable lids attached to both end surfaces (upper surface and lower surface) of a tubular container, and a reaction portion made of a reaction material that reacts with hydrogen is accommodated therein. In the hydrogen treatment apparatus 50, the reaction material container 70 forms one flow path having the lower surface as an inlet and the upper surface as an outlet.

  The lower support plate 63 and the upper support plate 64 are, for example, perforated plates provided with a plurality of through holes in contact with the inner peripheral surface of the side wall of the housing 55, and the reaction material container 70 is disposed at each through hole. Established. In addition, a seal member is appropriately attached between each reaction material container 70 and the lower support plate 63 (each through hole). Therefore, the gas 15 to be processed introduced into the housing 55 is introduced into the reaction material module 60 (more specifically, the reaction material container 70) without leakage.

  The upper support plate 64 is a porous plate similar to the lower support plate 63, but a clearance (gap) is provided in each through hole so that the thermal expansion can be released when each reaction material container 70 is heated and thermally expanded. ) Is set.

  Subsequently, some of the reaction material containers 70 (70A to 70C, etc.) of the reaction material module 60 are illustrated and described in more detail.

  FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram illustrating a configuration example of the reaction material container 70 of the reaction material module 60 (FIG. 2) included in the hydrogen treatment apparatus 50, and more specifically, a first configuration example of the reaction material container 70. It is the schematic which shows 70 A of 1st reaction material accommodating bodies which are.

  The reaction material container 70 </ b> A as the reaction material container 70 has a reaction part 80 that reacts with hydrogen inside a tubular container 71, and can ventilate both end surfaces (upper surface and lower surface) of the container 71. A lid 72 is attached. The reaction unit 80 is configured to have at least one reaction layer including a reaction material that reacts with hydrogen in the gas flow direction (axial direction). The partition part 73 provided in the storage container 71 plays a role of partitioning each reaction layer (or each region in the reaction layer) and venting gas when the reaction part 80 has a multilayer structure. The partition part 73 is comprised with a perforated plate, a mesh, etc., for example.

  In the reaction material container 70, reaction adjusting means for controlling the reaction with hydrogen generated in the reaction unit 80 is set in the reaction unit 80. By adjusting at least one control factor of the reaction adjusting means, the reaction with hydrogen generated in the reaction unit 80 is controlled by being activated or suppressed.

  Control factors of the reaction unit 80 include, for example, the arrangement configuration (size, material type, arrangement, etc.) of the reaction materials 81, 82, and 83 that constitute the reaction unit 80, and hydrogen accommodated together with the reaction materials 81, 82, and 83. A non-reactive material (hereinafter referred to as “dummy material”) 84 that does not react with the reaction material 81 (the ratio of the dummy material to the whole), and a binder that is added to the reaction materials 81, 82, 83 to stabilize the form There is a ratio to the whole (which does not react with hydrogen).

  In the reaction material container 70A, for example, three gas-permeable partition portions 73 are provided. One of the reaction material containers 70A moves the first reaction layer 85 in the gas ventilation direction (the axial direction of the container 71). The first region 85a located on the upstream (inlet) side and the second region 85b located on the downstream (inlet) side of the first region 85a, while the remaining two are respectively The first reaction layer 85 (85a, 85b) and the second reaction layer 86, and the second reaction layer 86 and the third reaction layer 87 are partitioned.

  By providing such a partitioning portion 73, the partitioning portion 73 forms a boundary between the reaction layers 85 (85a, 85b), 86, 87 inside the first reaction material container 70A, and the reaction portion 80 has many. Maintained in layers. Further, in the first reaction layer 85, a boundary between the first region 85a and the second region 85b is formed, and the two regions 85a and 85b provided in the first reaction layer 85 remain separated ( The first reaction materials 81a and 81b having different particle sizes are maintained without being mixed with each other.

  In this manner, the first, second, and third reaction materials 81, 82, and 83 are respectively included in the first reaction material container 70A illustrated in FIG. A reaction unit 80 having a three-layer structure in which the reaction layers 85, 86, and 87 are stacked in the gas ventilation direction (the axial direction of the container 71) is accommodated. That is, in the first reaction material container 70 </ b> A illustrated in FIG. 3, the reaction unit 80 is configured to be multilayered.

  The reason why the reaction unit 80 is formed in a multilayer shape is to share the role (function) in each reaction layer 85 (85a, 85b), 86, 87, and the reaction condition with hydrogen generated in the reaction unit 80. This is to make adjustment possible. The reaction condition with hydrogen generated in the reaction unit 80 is, for example, the selection of the reaction material 81, 82, 83 in each reaction layer 85 (85a, 85b), 86, 87 or the reaction layer 85 (85a, 85b), 86, It can be adjusted by adjusting the degree of the reaction layers 85 (85a, 85b), 86, 87 involved in the reaction, such as the length of the gas flow direction of 87 (the axial direction of the container 71).

  Therefore, the arrangement configuration of the reaction unit 80 stacked in the order of the first, second, and third reaction materials 81, 82, and 83, such as a configuration in which the first, second, and third reaction layers 85, 86, and 87 are multilayered Is one of the control factors of the reaction unit 80.

  The reaction materials 81, 82, and 83 constituting the reaction unit 80 are metal peroxide reaction materials made of different substances. The reaction materials 81, 82, 83 are formed in substantially the same shape from the viewpoint of stable reproducibility of reaction and ease of adjustment of reaction in the reaction material container 70. For example, the reaction materials 81, 82, and 83 are formed into substantially the same shape that can be easily processed into a sphere, a column, a cone, a polyhedron, and the like and that has good shape reproducibility. In the present embodiment, as an example, the reactants 81, 82, and 83 are formed on metal peroxide particles that are granulated in a spherical shape.

  The first, second, and third reaction materials 81, 82, and 83 constituting the first, second, and third reaction layers 85, 86, and 87 are vented by the gas 15 to be treated in each reaction layer 85, 86, and 87. Therefore, it is necessary to ensure appropriate air permeability (as a guide, the degree of porosity of each reaction layer 85, 86, 87 is not less than 30%), and therefore it is not always necessary to make all the same shape. You may mix the reaction materials 81, 82, and 83 of a partially different shape.

  In the reaction unit 80, the first reaction layer 85 arranged on the most upstream side is divided into a plurality of regions, such as two regions of the first and second regions 85a and 85b, by the partition unit 73. In the first reaction layer 85 having the first and second regions 85a and 85b, the first reaction material 81a is accommodated in the first region 85a, and the first reaction material 81b is accommodated in the second region 85b. Configured. The first reactant 81a accommodated in the first region 85a is the same substance and has the same porosity as the first reactant 81b accommodated in the second region 85b, but the size is the same. Consists of small reactants.

  In this way, by changing the size of the first reaction material 81 (81a, 81b), it is possible to change the rate of temperature rise due to heat (heat generation) generated during the reaction with hydrogen in the first reaction layer 85. More specifically, the smaller the size of the first reaction material 81, the faster the temperature rise, and the larger the size, the slower the temperature rise.

  In the illustrated reaction material container 70A, a small first reaction material 81a is disposed on the upstream side, and then a first reaction material 81b (larger than the first reaction material 81a) is disposed, and the first reaction material 81a is disposed. Compared with the case where the reaction layer 85 is configured, and the first reaction layer 85 is configured only by the first reaction material 81b, the reaction layer 85 is quickly formed on the upstream side (first region 85a) of the first reaction layer 85. The temperature can be raised.

  Thus, the arrangement configuration of the first reaction layer 85, that is, the arrangement configuration of the reaction materials 81 to 83 in which the first reaction material 81 (81a, 81b) having a changed size is arranged in the reaction unit 80, This is one of the control factors that control the reaction with hydrogen generated in the reaction unit 80. Further, the arrangement configuration of the reaction materials 81 to 83 in which the relatively small first reaction material 81 a is disposed on the upstream side and the relatively large first reaction material 81 b is disposed on the downstream side is also the hydrogen generated in the reaction unit 80. It becomes one of the control factors that control the reaction.

  In addition, although the magnitude | size of the reaction material 81, 82, 83 used here is corresponded to a volume, when length, such as area, such as a cross-sectional area and a bottom area, and the length of one side, is decided uniquely. If the volume is inevitably determined uniquely, it may be replaced with an area or length. For example, in the case of a sphere, when the radius (or diameter) is uniquely determined, the volume is also uniquely determined. Therefore, the size of the reaction material formed into a sphere with the radius may be defined. In the regular polyhedron, if the length of one side is uniquely determined, the volume is inevitably determined uniquely. Therefore, the size of the regular polyhedron may be defined by the length of one side.

  The second reaction layer 86 is constituted by the second reaction material 82. In the illustrated reaction material container 70A, the first reaction layer 85 (more specifically, the second region 85b) and the third reaction layer. The second reaction material 82 is accommodated between the partition portions 73 serving as a boundary with 87.

  The third reaction layer 87 includes a third reaction material 83 and a dummy material 84 that is a material that does not react with hydrogen (non-reaction material). In the illustrated reaction material container 70A, the second reaction layer 87 is formed. A third reaction material 83 and a dummy material 84 are accommodated between the partition portion 73 serving as a boundary with 86 and the lid 72 of the accommodation container 71.

The dummy material 84 is a material that does not cause a recombination reaction with hydrogen, and is in a temperature environment in consideration of the maximum temperature of the reaction unit 80 that is assumed in design (for example, set in a range of about 300 to 500 ° C.). And is selected from, for example, a heat-resistant resin material, a glass excellent in heat resistance and fire resistance (for example, silicon dioxide (SiO ₂ ) as a main component), and the like. .

  Thus, the third reaction layer 87 composed of the third reaction material 83 and the dummy material 84 contains the dummy material 84 in the third reaction layer 87 because the dummy material 84 does not react with hydrogen. By changing the rate, that is, the ratio of the amount of the dummy material 84 to the total amount of the third reaction material 83 and the dummy material 84, the amount of reaction heat generated in the third reaction layer 87 can be changed.

  Therefore, the temperature of the third reaction layer 87 can be adjusted by adjusting the amount of reaction heat generated in the third reaction layer 87. More specifically, as the content of the dummy material 84 increases, the amount of reaction heat with hydrogen generated in the third reaction layer 87 can be reduced, and the temperature rise of the third reaction layer 87 can be suppressed.

  In addition, the shape of the dummy material 84 is a reaction material (a third reaction material in the first reaction material container 70 </ b> A illustrated in FIG. 3) so that conditions such as a pressure loss accompanying a gas flow do not change as much as possible. 83).

  The first reaction material container 70A described above is an example in which the dummy material 84 is mixed in the third reaction layer 87, but the dummy material 84 is mixed in the other reaction layers 85 and 86. You may do it. If the dummy material 84 is mixed and arranged so that the content rate of the dummy material 84 in each reaction layer 85, 86, 87 of the reaction unit 80 increases from the upstream side to the downstream side in the gas flow direction. The effect of suppressing an excessive temperature rise on the terminal side (downstream side) of the reaction unit 80 can be enhanced.

  As described above, the arrangement configuration of the third reaction layer 87 capable of adjusting the content of the dummy material 84, that is, the reaction material in which the dummy material 84 is mixed in the third reaction material 83 at a desired ratio in the reaction unit 80. The arrangement configuration 81 to 83 is one of control factors for controlling the reaction with hydrogen generated in the reaction unit 80. Note that the material and size of the dummy material 84 are one of the control factors that control the reaction with hydrogen generated in the reaction section 80 as well as the material and size of the first, second, and third reaction materials 81, 82, and 83. .

  Next, FIG. 3 shows the relationship between the reaction material arrangement and the reaction configuration of the reaction material layered with, for example, the first, second, and third reaction materials 81, 82, and 83 in the reaction unit 80. The reaction unit 80 will be described as an example.

  FIG. 4 is an explanatory diagram showing the relationship between the reaction material that can be applied to the hydrogen treatment apparatus 50, the reaction rate, the presence or absence of oxygen release, and the calorific value during the reaction (the amount of heat MJ generated when treating 1 kg of hydrogen gas). FIG. 5 is an explanatory diagram (graph) showing the relationship between the reaction material and the reaction rate applicable to the hydrogen treatment apparatus 50 (FIGS. 1 and 2).

  The symbols “×”, “◯”, and “「 ”shown in FIG. 4 represent the reaction rate with hydrogen, and indicate“ slow ”,“ normal ”, and“ fast ”, respectively. Further, “−” indicates that oxygen is not released (non-oxygen free substance).

  As shown in FIG. 4, depending on the types of the first to third reactants 81 to 83 applied to the reaction unit 80, the reaction rate of hydrogen, the presence or absence of oxygen release, and the amount of heat generated during the reaction, etc. The performance is different.

  In addition, as shown in FIG. 5, the recombination reaction rate at which hydrogen and oxygen in the metal oxide recombine is small at room temperature, but increases as a quadratic function as the temperature increases. Since it is known, hydrogen treatment at a temperature range higher than normal temperature is advantageous in that more hydrogen can be removed than hydrogen treatment near normal temperature.

  On the other hand, the recombination reaction is generally an exothermic reaction, and excessive temperature rise or rapid temperature rise due to reaction heat generated by the reaction causes thermal damage to the structure, which is preferable from the viewpoint of structural soundness. Absent. In addition, in a temperature environment of about 280 ° C. or higher, oxygen may be liberated when an Mn-based oxide is used as a reaction material. Therefore, there is a demand to avoid raising the temperature during the reaction more than necessary from the viewpoint of preventing structural soundness and liberation of oxygen.

  Considering these circumstances, when designing the hydrogen treatment apparatus 50, for example, when the temperature of the reaction unit 80 is assumed to be within a range from room temperature to about 400 ° C., the reaction unit 80 is as far as possible from the upstream side. It is required that the temperature is raised to 400 ° C. (at a position as close as possible to the gas inlet), and oxygen is not liberated in the region in the reaction unit 80 where the temperature is 280 ° C. or higher.

  Therefore, in the first reaction material container 70A, the temperature is raised to about 400 ° C. as quickly as possible from the upstream side through which the gas flows, and oxygen is not liberated in the region in the reaction unit 80 where the temperature becomes 280 ° C. or higher. In order to satisfy this requirement, as an example, a reaction unit 80 having a three-layer structure including reaction layers 85 (85a, 85b), 86, and 87 having different roles (functions) is employed.

  The first reaction material 81 (81a, 81b) as the first reaction layer 85 (85a, 85b) located on the most upstream side (lower side in FIG. 3) of the first reaction material container 70A (FIG. 3). ) Plays a role of raising the temperature of the gas 15 to be processed while consuming hydrogen by reacting with the hydrogen contained in the gas 15 to be processed. The second reaction material 82 as the second reaction layer 86 following the first reaction layer 85 (85a, 85b) reacts with the hydrogen contained in the gas 15 to be processed and consumes hydrogen. In addition, it plays a role of further raising the temperature of the gas 15 to be processed. The third reaction material 83 as the third reaction layer 87 following the second reaction layer 86 reacts with the hydrogen contained in the gas to be processed 15 whose temperature has been raised and consumes hydrogen, Plays a role of suppressing excessive heating.

  The first reaction layer 85 (85a, 85b) is, for example, a reaction material that generates heat of reaction with a reaction rate of normal or higher in a temperature range of about 230 ° C. or less (corresponding to the low temperature shown in FIG. 4), that is, The reaction material is composed of a reaction material that is active in reaction with hydrogen at a low temperature range and generates heat of reaction.

An example of a reaction material that forms the first reaction layer 85 (85a, 85b) is a Mn-based metal oxide such as manganese dioxide (MnO ₂ ). Note that, as described above, the Mn-based metal oxide liberates oxygen in an environment of about 280 ° C. or higher. Therefore, the first reaction layer 85 (85a, 85b) with respect to the flow direction of the gas to be processed 15 is used. Is set to such a length that the temperature at the most downstream portion of the first reaction layer 85 (85a, 85b) does not reach the oxygen release temperature (about 280 ° C.).

On the other hand, the length of the first reaction layer 85 (85a, 85b) with respect to the flow direction of the gas to be processed 15 is such that the temperature at the most downstream portion of the first reaction layer 85 (85a, 85b) is Mn-based. It is preferable to set the length so that the temperature can be increased to a temperature at which another reaction material that is faster (reverses) than the reaction rate of the metal oxide can be selected. For example, in the example shown in FIG. 4, the reaction rate of CuO becomes higher than the reaction rate of MnO ₂ at about 230 ° C. or higher, and therefore in the most downstream portion of the first reaction layer 85 (85a, 85b). The length of the first reaction layer 85 (85a, 85b) with respect to the flow direction of the gas to be processed 15 is set so that the temperature of the gas is within a range of about 230 ° C. or higher and not reaching the oxygen liberation temperature (about 280 ° C.). Set.

  Further, in the reaction unit 80 illustrated in FIG. 3, the first reaction material 81 a having a relatively small size is disposed in the first region 85 a located on the most upstream side of the reaction unit 80. Therefore, it is possible to raise the temperature of the first reaction layer 85 more quickly than the case where the first reaction layer 85 is configured only by the first reaction material 81b having a large size.

  In the second reaction layer 86, for example, the reaction rate is normal or higher in a temperature range of about 230 ° C. or higher (corresponding to the high temperature shown in FIG. 4), and the oxygen release temperature (about 280 ° C.) or higher. It is configured using a reaction material that does not liberate oxygen. In addition, the second reaction layer 86 is configured using, for example, a reaction material in which the generated reaction heat is higher than the reaction heat generated in the third reaction layer 87.

  The reaction material that forms the second reaction layer 86 has a reaction rate in the high temperature range that is higher than that of the first reaction layer 85 (85a, 85b) in relation to the reaction material that forms the first reaction layer 85 (85a, 85b). Preferably, the reaction material exceeds the reaction rate of the reaction material forming 85b).

  An example of a reaction material that forms the second reaction layer 86 is a copper (Cu) -based metal oxide such as copper oxide (CuO). The Cu-based metal oxide is faster than the reaction rate of the Mn-based metal oxide in a high temperature range, and is a preferable reaction material as the reaction material for forming the second reaction layer 86.

  Note that the length of the second reaction layer 86 with respect to the flow direction of the gas to be processed 15 includes the reaction material container 70 including the container 71, the partition 73, and the lid 72 when the temperature during the reaction with hydrogen is large. The temperature is set so that the soundness of the structure is maintained. Further, the length of the second reaction layer 86 with respect to the flow direction of the gas 15 to be treated is such that the temperature during the reaction with hydrogen is the reaction rate in the second reaction layer 86 is the first reaction layer 85 (85a, 85b). It is preferable that the temperature range is set to be faster than the reaction rate in (1).

  For example, the reaction rate of the third reaction layer 87 is normal or higher in a temperature range of 230 ° C. or higher (corresponding to the high temperature shown in FIG. 4), and the reaction heat is generated with respect to the reaction heat generated in the second reaction layer 86. Reactive materials that are low are used. Further, from the viewpoint of avoiding excessive temperature rise, an appropriate amount of dummy material 84 can be included in addition to the third reaction material 83. In the third reaction layer 87 illustrated, the dummy material 84 is arranged without being separated (mixed) in the same region as the third reaction material 83, but is arranged separately by dividing the region. You may do it.

An example of a reaction material that forms the third reaction layer 87 is a cobalt (Co) -based metal oxide such as tricobalt tetroxide (Co ₃ O ₄ ). The Co-based metal oxide is suitable for use in a high-temperature region in that it is inferior to the Mn-based metal oxide at a reaction rate even in a high-temperature region and does not cause oxygen liberation. Further, although the reaction rate in the high temperature range is slightly inferior to that of the Cu-based metal oxide, the calorific value is smaller than that of the Cu-based metal oxide, and it is suitable for avoiding an excessive temperature rise.

  The first reaction material container 70A described above is an example of the reaction material container 70, and various other structures such as the structure of the reaction unit 80 may be employed. For example, various configurations can be adopted under the common concept of setting a control factor for controlling the reaction with hydrogen in the reaction unit 80. Therefore, as an example of the reaction material container 70 other than the first reaction material container 70A, a second reaction material container 70B (FIG. 6) and a third reaction material container 70C (FIG. 7) will be described.

  6 and 7 respectively show a second reaction material container 70B (FIG. 6) and a third reaction material container that are examples of the reaction material container 70 other than the first reaction material container 70A (FIG. 3). It is the schematic which shows the structural example of body 70C (FIG. 7).

  The structure of the first reaction layer 85 and the third reaction layer 87 of the second reaction material container 70B (FIG. 6) is different from that of the first reaction material container 70A (FIG. 3). Further, the third reaction material container 70C (FIG. 7) is different from the first reaction material container 70A (FIG. 3) in the configuration of the third reaction layer 87. However, since the second reaction material container 70B and the third reaction material container 70C are not substantially different from each other in the above differences, the second reaction material container 70B and the third reaction are not substantially different. In the description of the material container 70C, constituent elements that are not substantially different from the first reaction material container 70A are denoted by the same reference numerals, and redundant description is omitted.

  First, the second reaction material container 70B will be described. The first reaction layer 85 is divided into a first region 85a and a third region 85c located on the downstream side of the first region 85a. . In the third region 85c, the dummy material 84 is mixedly accommodated in addition to the first reaction material 81a accommodated in the first region 85a. The dummy material 84 in the third region 85c is formed in substantially the same shape as the first reaction material 81a.

  Further, the third reaction layer 87 in the second reaction material container 70B has the dummy material 84 omitted from the third reaction layer 87 in the first reaction material container 70A (FIG. 3) ( The content rate of the dummy material 84 is set to 0%). That is, in the second reaction material container 70 </ b> B, the third reaction layer 87 is configured to accommodate the third reaction material 83 without mixing the dummy material 84.

  Thus, in the reaction part 80 in the second reaction material container 70B, the third region 85c of the first reaction layer 85 plays a role of suppressing the temperature rise of the first reaction layer 85, and the first reaction. The temperature at the most downstream portion of the layer 85 (85a, 85c) is configured not to reach the oxygen release temperature (about 280 ° C.).

  In addition, since the dummy material 84 is not mixed in the third reaction layer 87, the effect of suppressing the temperature increase of the third reaction layer 87 by the dummy material 84 is weakened, but the temperature of the third reaction layer 87 is reduced. However, there is no particular problem even if the dummy material 84 is not mixed in the third reaction layer 87 if there is a sufficient margin with respect to the upper limit temperature allowed in design.

  Subsequently, the third reaction material container 70C (FIG. 7) will be described. The third reaction layer 87 is located in the third reaction layer 87 with respect to the first reaction material container 70A (FIG. 3). Instead of mixing the dummy material 84 to the third reaction material 83, a binder (binder) that stabilizes the overall shape of the reaction material, such as fixing the particle size to a desired size, and does not react with hydrogen itself. A reaction material (hereinafter referred to as a “processing reaction material”) 93 configured by addition is accommodated.

  In the third reaction material container 70C, the processing reaction material 93 constituting the third reaction layer 87 is replaced with the third reaction material 83 which is a pure reaction material (pure reaction material) to which no binder is added. It is formed by adding a binder. In general, the degree of reactivity with hydrogen decreases as the amount of binder increases, and increases as the amount of binder decreases. Accordingly, the third reaction layer 87 (FIG. 7) configured to contain the processing reaction material 93 is functionally configured to contain the dummy material 84 mixed with the third reaction material 83. This is substantially the same as the third reaction layer 87 (FIG. 3).

  Therefore, in the arrangement configuration of the third reaction layer 87 capable of adjusting the ratio of the binder contained in the processing reaction material 93, that is, in the reaction unit 80, the binder is added to the third reaction material 83 at a desired ratio. The arrangement configuration of the reaction materials 81, 82, 93 for arranging the processed reaction material 93 formed in this way is the third reaction layer 87 configured by accommodating the dummy material 84 in a mixed state with the third reaction material 83. This is one of the control factors for controlling the reaction with hydrogen generated in the reaction section 80 in the same manner as the arrangement configuration.

  As mentioned above, although the 1st-3rd reaction material container 70A-70C was demonstrated to the example as some structural examples of the reaction material container 70, the reaction material container 70 (70A-70C) mentioned above is typical. The configuration is not limited to the above-described content. For example, the arrangement configuration (size, material type, arrangement, etc.) of the reaction materials 81, 82, 83 constituting the reaction unit 80, the ratio of the dummy material 84 accommodated together with the reaction materials 81, 82, 83, and the processing reaction material 93 As long as the reaction unit 80 has at least one control factor that controls the reaction with hydrogen, such as the ratio of the binding material in the case where the reaction unit 80 is accommodated, the other configuration has design requirements, etc. Can be set arbitrarily.

  For example, the reaction unit 80 does not necessarily have to be multi-layered, and may have a single-layer configuration. For example, the reaction part 80 can be configured as a single layer composed of a reaction layer composed of a Mn-based reaction material, or a single layer structure composed of a reaction layer composed of a Cu-based or Co-based reaction material. .

  In the case of the reaction part 80 having a single layer structure in which the first reaction material 81 is a first reaction layer 85 which is a Mn-based reaction material, the maximum temperature becomes the oxygen liberation temperature while the temperature of the reaction part 80 is rapidly increased. Since it is necessary not to reach, for example, the region is divided into three, the region on the most upstream side is the first reactant 81a having a small size, and the subsequent region is the first reactant 81b having a large size. The reaction section 80 is a processing reaction material 93 in which the first reaction material 81b and the dummy material 84 are mixed in the region on the most downstream side, or a binding reaction material is added to the first reaction material 81b (pure reaction material). It is possible to adopt the following configuration. In this case, the reaction with hydrogen generated in the reaction unit 80 can be controlled by at least two control factors of the size and the ratio of the dummy material 84 (or the ratio of the binder).

  The second reaction material 82 is composed of a second reaction layer 86 composed of a Cu-based reaction material, or the third reaction material 83 is composed of a third reaction layer 87 composed of a C-based reaction material. In the case of the reaction part 80 having a layer structure, since the temperature of the reaction part 80 needs to be quickly raised, for example, a configuration in which the region is divided into a plurality of parts and is arranged so that the size sequentially increases from the upstream side to the downstream side is adopted. it can. In this case, if the temperature reaches the temperature at which the temperature of the reaction material container 70 can adversely affect the soundness of the structure (causes thermal damage) in a partial region on the downstream side, the second reaction material By further providing a region that contains the dummy material 84 together with the 82 or the third reaction material 83, the soundness of the structure can be maintained.

  Moreover, although the example mentioned above is an example in which each reaction layer 85 (85a, 85b), 86, 87 is respectively comprised with the same (one type) metal oxide, it is not necessarily the same metal oxidation. It is not limited to the case where it is composed of objects. Each reaction layer 85 (85a, 85b), 86, 87 is as long as the function of each reaction layer 85 (85a, 85b), 86, 87 is maintained, that is, each reaction layer 85 (85a, 85b), 86, As long as the role of 87 is maintained, two or more kinds of metal oxides can be mixed and configured.

  For example, two different types of Mn-based metal oxides are mixed to form the first reaction layer 85 (85a, 85b), or two different types of Cu-based metal oxides are mixed to form the second reaction layer 86. Or a mixture of two different types of Co-based metal oxides to form the third reaction layer 87, or a mixture of Co-based metal oxides with a Cu-based metal oxide to form the third reaction layer 87. May be configured.

  Next, the action of the hydrogen treatment apparatus 50 and the hydrogen treatment method using the hydrogen treatment apparatus 50 in the application example shown in FIG. 1 will be described.

  In the nuclear reactor according to the application example shown in FIG. 1, for some reason, the temperature of the fuel cladding tube rises, and a reaction (Metal-Water reaction) occurs between water vapor and zirconium, which is the fuel cladding tube material, to generate hydrogen. When hydrogen is generated, hydrogen generated together with a large amount of steam leaks from the reactor pressure vessel 3. The metal-water reaction is started, and the hydrogen treatment apparatus 50 is operated at a timing immediately after a large amount of steam and hydrogen leaks from the reactor pressure vessel 3 into the reactor containment vessel 1. That is, the on-off valve 54 that is normally closed is opened to start the pump 53.

  When the pump 53 is activated in the hydrogen treatment apparatus 50, an air flow circulating in the supply pipe 51, the hydrogen treatment apparatus 50, the return pipe 52, and the reactor containment vessel 1 is generated. The atmosphere in the reactor containment vessel 1 is introduced into the hydrogen treatment apparatus 50 through the supply pipe 51 as the gas to be treated 15 by the air flow generated along the orbit of the pump 53.

  In the hydrogen treatment apparatus 50, the gas to be treated 15 introduced into the hydrogen treatment apparatus 50 flows into the reaction material container 70 in which a plurality of forests are established. In the reaction material container 70, the gas 15 to be processed passes through the reaction portion 80, and in the process, hydrogen contained in the gas 15 to be treated reacts with oxygen contained in the metal oxide as the reaction material of the reaction portion 80. Thus, water (steam) is generated.

  Therefore, when the gas 15 to be processed passes through the inside of the reaction material container 70, the hydrogen contained in the gas 15 is consumed by the reaction with the oxygen contained in the reaction material, and the processed gas 16 from which hydrogen has been removed. And flows out of the reaction material container 70.

  The treated gas 16 that has flowed out of the reaction material container 70 in the hydrogen treatment apparatus 50 flows from the hydrogen treatment apparatus 50 into the return pipe 52. The treated gas 16 that has flowed into the return pipe 52 returns to the inside of the reactor containment vessel 1 through the return pipe 52.

  The reaction with hydrogen generated in the reaction unit 80 will be described in more detail by taking the reaction unit 80 shown in FIG. 3 as an example.

  The reaction unit 80 includes a first reaction layer 85 (85a, 85b), a second reaction layer 86, and a third reaction layer 87 that are a plurality of reaction layers with respect to the flow direction of the gas 15 to be processed. The gas to be processed 15 guided to the reaction unit 80 sequentially passes through the first reaction layer 85 (85a, 85b), the second reaction layer 86, and the third reaction layer 87. To do. Hydrogen contained in the gas to be treated 15 reacts with oxygen of a metal oxide as a reaction material for forming each reaction layer 85 (85a, 85b), 86, 87 to become water (water vapor).

The first reaction layer 85 (85a, 85b) is layered with manganese dioxide (MnO ₂ ) having a better reaction in the low temperature region (low temperature shown in FIG. 4) (reaction rate “◎” in FIG. 4). Even if it is the formed reaction layer and the gas 15 to be processed in the low temperature region, hydrogen contained in the gas 15 to be processed is consumed. Further, as shown in FIG. 4, the amount of heat generated during the reaction of MnO ₂ generates a heat amount of 54 MJ when processing 1 kg of hydrogen gas. Most of the heat generated in the first reaction layer 85 (85a, 85b) is transferred together with the gas 15 to be processed, so that hydrogen is consumed in the process of passing through the first reaction layer 85 (85a, 85b). And the temperature is raised.

  As described above, the length of the first reaction layer 85 (85a, 85b) in the flow direction of the gas 15 to be treated is determined by the temperature at the most downstream portion of the first reaction layer 85 (85a, 85b). Since the length is set so as not to reach the oxygen liberation temperature (about 280 ° C.), the temperature of the gas to be treated 15 is suppressed to be lower than the oxygen liberation temperature.

  The gas 15 to be processed that has passed through the first reaction layer 85 (85a, 85b) flows into the second reaction layer 86 following the first reaction layer 85 (85a, 85b). The second reaction layer 86 is a reaction layer in which copper oxide (CuO) having a better reaction in the high temperature region (the high temperature shown in FIG. 4) (the reaction rate is “◎” in FIG. 4) is formed in layers. The hydrogen contained in the gas 15 to be processed which has passed through the first reaction layer 85 (85a, 85b) and is ideally heated to a high temperature range is consumed.

  Further, as shown in FIG. 4, CuO forming the second reaction layer 86 generates a heat amount of 45 MJ when processing 1 kg of hydrogen gas. Since most of the heat generated in the second reaction layer 86 is transferred together with the gas to be processed 15, the gas to be processed 15 further absorbs heat, but as described above, during the reaction with hydrogen. The length of the second reaction layer 86 with respect to the flow direction of the gas to be processed 15 is set so that the temperature of the second reaction layer 86 is in a temperature range in which the structural integrity including the reaction material container 70 is maintained. Temperature rise is avoided.

  In addition, since most of the heat generated in the second reaction layer 86 is transferred together with the gas to be processed 15, the heat generated in the second reaction layer 86 is transferred to the first reaction layer 85 (85 a through the partition portion 73. , 85b), and the heat conducted to the first reaction layer 85 (85a, 85b) is not increased. Therefore, even if the second reaction layer 86 generates heat, if the temperature at the most downstream portion of the first reaction layer 85 (85a, 85b) has not reached the oxygen release temperature (about 280 ° C.), The first reaction layer 85 (85a, 85b) does not reach the oxygen release temperature, and oxygen release that can occur in the first reaction layer 85 (85a, 85b) is suppressed.

The gas to be processed 15 that has passed through the second reaction layer 86 flows into the third reaction layer 87 following the second reaction layer 86. In the third reaction layer 87, tricobalt tetroxide (Co ₃ O ₄ ) having a good reaction in the high temperature region (the high temperature shown in FIG. 4) (the reaction rate is “◯” in FIG. ₄ ) was formed in layers. The reaction layer is a reaction layer that generates a small amount of reaction heat in the second reaction layer 86.

As shown in FIG. 4, the calorific value of Co ₃ O ₄ forming the third reaction layer 87 is 8 MJ / kg, which is about 18% of the calorific value of CuO 45 MJ / kg, less than 1/5. is there. Therefore, the length of the third reaction layer 87 is longer than the length of the second reaction layer 86 with respect to the flow direction of the gas 15 to be processed (the length of the second reaction layer 86 is set to the third reaction layer 86). (Shorter than the length of 87), hydrogen can be efficiently treated while suppressing the peak temperature of the reaction section 80.

  As described above, according to the hydrogen treatment apparatus 50, for example, a relatively small reaction material is arranged on the upstream side, and a reaction material that reacts well with hydrogen even when the gas to be treated 15 is at a low temperature is selected. By adopting at least one of the above, even when the gas 15 to be processed is at a low temperature, the temperature can be quickly raised in the process of passing through the reaction material container 70. Therefore, even when the gas to be processed 15 is at a low temperature, the temperature can be quickly raised in the process of passing through the reaction material container 70 to increase the reaction rate with hydrogen generated in the reaction material container 70. 15 can be processed smoothly.

  For example, in the hydrogen treatment apparatus 50, the reaction unit 80 that reacts with hydrogen has a configuration in which a plurality of reaction layers are stacked with respect to the flow direction of the gas to be treated 15. If the Mn-based metal oxide that has a good reaction with hydrogen at a low temperature is arranged on the most upstream side with respect to the direction), the reactant container 70 even if the gas 15 to be processed is at a low temperature. The temperature can be raised from the initial process passing through the gas, and the reaction speed can be increased from the initial process in which the gas to be processed 15 passes through the reaction material container 70, so that the hydrogen contained in the gas to be processed 15 can be processed smoothly. can do.

  Further, in the hydrogen treatment apparatus 50, the length of the portion where the Mn-based metal oxide is arranged in the flow direction of the gas to be treated 15 is restricted, or the dummy material 84 is mixed in the downstream region where the temperature rises. In addition, by accommodating the processing reaction material 93 to which the binder is added, oxygen release that occurs when the Mn-based metal oxide reaches or exceeds the oxygen release temperature (about 280 ° C.) can be suppressed. Thus, hydrogen contained in the gas to be processed 15 can be processed smoothly while suppressing oxygen liberation that may occur.

  Further, the reaction rate in the high temperature range (temperature range of about 230 ° C. or higher) is normal or higher at the downstream side with respect to the flow direction of the gas to be processed 15 in the portion where the Mn-based metal oxide is arranged (the reaction rate is “ ○ ”or“ ◎ ”), and if a Cu-based metal oxide or a Co-based metal oxide that does not liberate oxygen (non-oxygen-free) is disposed, the Mn-based metal oxide releases oxygen. Oxygen release can be suppressed even in an environment at or above the oxygen release temperature (about 280 ° C.).

  Further, according to the hydrogen treatment apparatus 50, the configuration of the reaction unit 80 includes, for example, a portion where a Mn-based metal oxide is disposed from the upstream side in the flow direction of the gas to be treated 15, and a Cu-based metal oxide. And a dummy material 84 that suppresses heat generation (temperature rise) is mixed in an appropriate region such as the downstream side of the reaction portion 80 where the temperature rises, or the order in which the Co-based metal oxide is arranged. Or the processing reaction material 93 to which the binder is added is accommodated so that the peak temperature of the reaction portion 80 is within a high temperature range in which the reaction with hydrogen is good and the soundness of the structure can be maintained. An excessive increase in temperature (thermal damage of the reaction material container 70) that impairs the soundness of the reaction material container 70 can be avoided without substantially reducing the efficiency of the hydrogen treatment. .

  Note that the present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiments as they are, and can be implemented in various forms other than the above-described examples in the implementation stage. The present invention can be variously omitted, added, replaced, and changed without departing from the gist of the invention. These embodiments and modifications thereof are included in the scope and gist of the invention, and are included in the invention described in the claims and the equivalents thereof.

  DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 ... Reactor containment vessel, 2 ... Core, 3 ... Reactor pressure vessel, 4 ... Living body shielding wall, 5 ... Upper dry well, 6 ... Lower dry well, 7 ... Wet well, 8 ... Vent pipe, 9 ... Suppression pool , 11 ... main steam pipe, 12 ... safety valve, 13 ... vacuum break valve, 15 ... gas to be treated, 16 ... treated gas, 50 ... hydrogen treatment device, 51 ... supply pipe, 52 ... return pipe, 53 ... pump, 54 ...... Opening / closing valve, 55 ... Housing, 60 ... Reaction material module, 63 ... Lower support plate, 64 ... Upper support plate, 70 (70A to 70C) ... Reactive material container, 71 ... Storage container, 72 ... Cover, 73 ... Partition part, 80 ... reaction part, 81 (81a, 81b) ... first reaction material, 82 ... second reaction material, 83 ... third reaction material, 84 ... dummy material (non-reaction material), 85 (85a , 85b, 85c) ... first reaction layer, 85a ... first region , 85b ... second region, 85c ... third region, 86 ... second reaction layer, 87 ... third reaction layer, 93 ... processing reaction material.

Claims (7)

A hydrogen treatment apparatus that removes hydrogen contained in the gas by passing through a reaction section composed of a reaction material that reacts with hydrogen in the introduced gas,
A housing containing the reaction part;
An inlet for introducing the gas into the housing;
An outlet portion that introduces the gas that has been introduced into the housing and passed through the reaction section, and leads the outside of the housing;
The reaction material is a processing reaction material comprising a pure reaction material composed of a substance that reacts with hydrogen and a binding material that stabilizes the form and does not react with hydrogen. apparatus. The reaction section is a plurality of reaction layers having a first reaction layer composed of the processing reaction material and a second reaction layer composed of the pure reaction material with respect to the gas flow direction. The hydrogen treatment apparatus according to claim 1, which is configured. In the plurality of reaction layers, the second reaction layer is arranged on the upstream side with respect to the gas flow direction, the first reaction layer is arranged on the downstream side, and the first reaction layer is 3. The hydrogen treatment apparatus according to claim 2, wherein the hydrogen treatment apparatus is arranged such that a ratio of the binder contained in the processing reaction material increases from an upstream side toward a downstream side with respect to a gas flow direction. The reaction part has a reaction layer composed of the processing reaction material with respect to the gas flow direction,
The reaction layer composed of the processing reaction material is divided into a plurality of regions with respect to the gas flow direction, and the ratio of the binding material existing in the most downstream region is the other region. The hydrogen treatment apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the hydrogen treatment apparatus is set to be higher than a ratio of the binder present in the interior. The reaction section has a plurality of reaction layers each made of a different reaction material with respect to the gas flow direction,
5. The reaction layer located on the most upstream side with respect to the gas flow direction among the plurality of reaction layers is a reaction layer containing a manganese-based metal oxide. The hydrogen treatment apparatus according to claim 1. The reaction section has a plurality of reaction layers each made of a different reaction material with respect to the gas flow direction,
Among the plurality of reaction layers, the reaction layer in contact with the reaction layer including a manganese-based metal oxide located on the most upstream side with respect to the gas flow direction on the downstream side is a reaction including a copper-based metal oxide. The hydrogen treatment apparatus according to claim 5, wherein the hydrogen treatment apparatus is a layer. The plurality of the plurality are at least three, and the reaction layer located most downstream with respect to the gas flow direction is a reaction layer containing a cobalt-based metal oxide. The hydrogen treatment apparatus as described.

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