JP2019049174A - Foundation pile - Google Patents

Abstract

To provide a foundation pile that facilities manufacturing and construction, and that realizes a blade body with a wide area, and that securely transmits force from a foundation pile body to a soil layer.SOLUTION: Blade bodies 3 and 4 are curved longitudinally, and the backs of the pair of curved blade bodies 3 and 4 are made to contact with each other, and the tips thereof are first made to advance into a soil layer through openings 5 and 6. After the advancing process is completed, the rear ends of the blade bodies 3 and 4 are joined at a height position higher than the openings 5 and 6 to prevent them from approaching and separating. The blade bodies 3 and 4 are in cantilever beam forms with the openings 5 and 6 as first points of support and with their joint point as a second point of support.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 1

Description

  The present invention provides a blade advancing type foundation pile which has an opening at the tip of the foundation pile main body and allows the blade body to advance radially from here, and the advancing of the blade body is performed after the foundation pile is installed by press fitting such as driving. In particular, the present invention relates to a method for improving the certainty of the load transfer function from the pile to the soil layer, and for the advancing process to make it possible to use the apparatus used for the press-in work as it is and to facilitate the manufacture of the pile. .

The basic function of the foundation pile is to reliably transmit various loads from the structure above it to the ground. Of these loads, in general, bearing capacity against downward loads is important.
Heretofore, as means for effectively enhancing the supporting force, a device for improving the friction with the soil by forming asperities on the outer peripheral surface of the pile (a) to be described later, a propeller-like spiral wing or the like is previously formed on the same surface. It is known to use a pile (the same), a bulbous portion or the like to form an enlarged portion or a bulging part after installation at a fixed depth position of the pile (the same).
However, each of the above-mentioned means forms a pile hole in the ground prior to the installation of the pile, requires a rotational drive at the time of installation, the installation apparatus becomes large in scale, and formation of the huge part is easy For example, the cost and the increase in the number of installation steps are not small.
In addition, the resistance to the upward force (pullout resistance) is also generally increased by each of the supporting force enhancing means described above.

Among those for forming the huge part etc. after the fixed position installation of the pile, Japanese Patent No. 5637285 uses a square steel pipe whose outer peripheral surface is smooth as a pile main body, and after installing it by driving to a predetermined depth, its tip (lower end) part It is compressed in the axial direction to make it buckle in a specific shape, and a foundation pile is proposed in which the crimped portion is a bulging portion. However, the proposed foundation pile has various problems such as attributable to the means for forming the bulging portion with shortening of the length of the pile body.
The pile body prior to the formation of the bulge of the proposed foundation pile comprises two types of slits (longitudinal openings) for performing buckling. First, the first type of slit (here, referred to as a vertical slit) is a slit that is produced by cutting out four bending corner portions in the vicinity of the tip end of the pile main body along the same axial section (this cutting The upper and lower parts sandwiching the above section of the pile body are connected by only four strip-like flat plate parts). Next, for the upper end, center and lower end of each of the four strip-like flat plate portions, the second sort of slit (here, referred to as a lateral slit) is cut out so that the central part in the width direction is elongated in the width direction (The proposal refers to the two types of slits as "easily deformable means").

  Further, Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 59-96327 discloses a blade advancing type foundation pile which is a "support pile with support branch". In this foundation pile, the longitudinally curved four support branches built in the pile member are pressed downward at the rear end, and from the tip end side, from the protrusion provided in the same level of 4 orientations of the pile member It is intended to advance into the soil.

In addition, the catalog described later discloses an anchor having a part called "resistance plate", which has similarities to the blade in the present invention.
Note that this anchor deviates from the general foundation pile category in terms of lack of bearing capacity (downward load) bearing capacity, but was introduced from the above similar points.
The resistance plate is a U-shaped plate and a substantially rectangular plate formed with an opening having an appropriate shape and number from the viewpoint of securing flexibility (in the longitudinal direction) at the time of the spreading operation described later. The plate is bent in the width direction into a cross-sectional shape (pan-like shape) consisting of a straight line extending in the direction, and the flat portions resulting from the straight line are bent at the center in the longitudinal direction so as to be in close contact with each other. It is a crimped article (see page 2 (back of cover: "(anchor)" and page 3 "caulking")).
And, at the time of construction, in the main body (provisional name) consisting of the supporting part and the base part, which were previously vertically driven to the ground, the two round bar-shaped cross-sectional parts of the supporting part are respectively accommodated inside their own U-shaped cross section The resistance plate, which is jacketed with the crimped side facing down, is lowered along the body by driving. By this descent, the resistance plate is advanced and developed into the soil layer so as to be separated from each other by a wedge action in the end spread (width direction) portion of the main body from the tip (caulking) side.

B) JP-A-2008-169564, JP-A-2011-17248, JP-A-8-284160, JP-A-2000-352048, JP-A-2001-193062, JP-A-2007-255108, JP-A-2008-248524, JP-A-5637285; Sho 59-96327

"Wako Techno Co., Ltd. Orchard mini" kattow <MK> anchor "catalog

In the foundation pile of the first proposal, after the pile body is set in the soil to a predetermined depth by driving to a predetermined depth position, the remaining part where the lateral slit is adjacent in both width directions is a bending point. The whole is deformed to have a chevron shape (in the direction in which the central lateral slit portion protrudes in the lateral direction) to form a protrusion.
As a result of shortening the length of the pile main body along with this deformation, a void for this reduced length is generated in the soil immediately below the tip of the pile (the tip end side, etc.) On the side, etc., void or soil vacancy occurs. This means that the bearing capacity and the like decrease in the range of the gap and the like, and therefore the basic function of the pile to ensure load transfer to the ground mentioned at the beginning is impaired.

  In addition, the post-shaped deformation process of the proposed foundation pile involves a strong resistance as a sum of deformation resistance due to the pile body and the soil as described later. In order to overcome this strong resistance and carry out this deformation, the foundation pile incorporates both strong first and second four-way pantograph-type jacks in a narrow pile body (but, as described later, the above-mentioned pile body) Since the strip-like flat plate portion constitutes the link of the second four-way pantograph-type jack), the cost is increased due to mechanical complexity, and the driving of these jacks is irrelevant to the driving installation as described later. Needs a rotating tool such as a wrench and its power source.

In the proposed foundation pile, the portion between the upper and lower horizontal slits of the pile body is regarded as a pair of toggle links facing each other in a straight line, and this shape (that is, a state of high resistance to buckling due to the straight line) In order to break this straight opposing state after the driving, first press the four horizontal slits near the center of the pile body in the axial direction outward from the inside side with the built-in first four-way pantograph jack. Perform the initial stage of V-shaped deformation of the strip-like flat plate portion, that is, the linear opposite link portion of the second four-way pantograph, and then press the second four-way pantograph jack in the axial direction, It is intended to further progress the state of cramp deformation.
The pile body of the proposed foundation pile is provided with means for easy deformation, but the remaining part adjacent to the lateral slit has sufficient buckling resistance against large axial compressive force at the time of installation in hard soil. Since the remaining portion has a sufficient cross-sectional area capable of bearing bearing and pullout resistance as a pile, the pile main body has a large deformation resistance due to the deformation of the portion. Indicates
Moreover, since this shape deformation is performed while the strip-like flat plate portion excludes the soil in its wide plane, the resistance caused by the soil is also large.
That is, the shape of this figure is accompanied by a strong combined resistance due to the pile body and soil respectively.

The driving of the first and second four-way pantograph jacks is performed by the rotation of one common bolt, and this rotational driving requires a wrench and a torque transmission tool unrelated to the driving operation. Since preparation, operation, power source, etc. are also required, equipment and man-hours for the entire operation from pile driving to bulging part formation, ie, completion of pile installation, are increased.
In addition, according to observation of the actual items, thin screws are adopted for the first and second four-way jack drive bolts of the proposed foundation pile to reduce the required torque and increase the axial force, and as a result, deformation is caused as a result. It is determined to increase the total number of turns of the bolt to completion.

Next, the support branch in the second proposed support base pile is curved in the longitudinal direction, and in the same manner as the blade of the present invention, the axial pressing force applied to the rear end thereof is radial , And the tip end portion thereof is advanced into the radially outer soil layer through the projection provided in the pile member.
As a result of various investigations on the foundation pile, it came to the conclusion that although the production is complicated and requires high accuracy, the grasped area (horizontal projected area) of the soil layer per pile member is not sufficiently wide.
The support branch of the foundation pile is illustrated as a full-length rectangular cross section, but when used as a foundation pile, its tip end portion functions as a cantilever beam and its rear end portion functions as a fixed portion of the cantilever beam. There is a maximum bending moment at the boundary between the two parts. The boundary portion should have a cross-sectional shape (inclusively, thickness or waist strength) sufficiently resistant to the boundary portion, and the rear end portion serves as a fixed portion of the cantilever to provide a clearance with the groove in the thickness direction. Can not be made larger than necessary.
Further, one support branch is slide-guided by inserting its entire edge into the curved groove formed in the left and right separate holding blocks (initial stage of rear end pressing step).

Therefore, the curvatures of the curvatures of each groove and the support branch should be matched with fairly high accuracy, and the holding block should also be held high in terms of the mounting position accuracy in the pile member from the point of preventing interference with the support branch. In addition, it is necessary to be attached with sufficient strength against the reaction force from the soil layer when the support branch is advanced. From these technical requirements, it is considered essential to machine almost all the four holding blocks including their groove faces. Furthermore, since the inside of the pile member is narrow, it may be very difficult to assemble with sufficient strength and positional accuracy even when the inner flanges are not provided at the upper and lower ends.
On the other hand, judging from the drawings, the width and length of the support branch are about one third and one half of the outer diameter of the pile member, and the latter is about 0.9 times. Because it works as a fixed part, even if there are four, it can not be said that the soil grasping area is large.

  An object of the present invention is to provide a relatively small blade advancing type foundation pile having a high load carrying ability such as a supporting force and easy to manufacture and install, and having high versatility.

  The present invention, from the viewpoint of load carrying capacity enhancement, stores the advancing blade of a wider area in the horizontal direction into the narrow foundation pile main body, prevents the compression of the vertical pressing force to the rear end, etc. It is due to the examination of all aspects such as the mode of conversion of the force to be transmitted, the reliable transmission and manufacture of a strong load from the soil layer to the foundation pile body, and the facilitation of construction, etc. Reached.

According to the first aspect of the present invention, a pair of longitudinally curved wing members is used as a back-to-back curved shape, and this form is held through both storing and advancing states, and in the advancing completion state, each vane body has its longitudinal middle portion Since the opening is reached, the opening is used as a first fulcrum, the rear end portions are connected to each other so as not to be close to or separated from each other, and this is used as a second fulcrum to make each blade body cantilevered. It is a thing. Here, the second fulcrum is at a position higher than the opening, and when the curved wing members (cantilever) are loaded with force in the same direction in the top and bottom direction, the rear ends approach each other and are separated from each other It acts as a fulcrum by offsetting this force in connection.
According to the second aspect of the present invention, the blade body holds appropriate flexibility in the longitudinal direction, and at least outside the foundation pile main body during the advancing step, it is curved and the back side of the curve is from the foundation pile main body It is supported slidingly along the concavely curved edge surface of the overhanging blade to prevent buckling. At the time of load application as a pile, the same load surface is provided by providing a similar edge surface on the back side and, if necessary, the opposite side.

That is, the present invention comprises a foundation pile main body and a blade body incorporated in advance in the foundation pile main body or loaded from the rear end opening of the foundation pile main body, and the blade body is from the rear end side in the foundation pile main body While being moved in the longitudinal direction, the tip side portion thereof protrudes from the tip through the opening provided in the foundation pile body and protrudes out of the foundation pile body in a direction away from the axis of the foundation pile body In the bladed advance type foundation pile, a pair of blade bodies curved and formed in the longitudinal direction are advanced while maintaining rolling contact relationship between the curved backs, and after advancing, each opening is a first supporting point A blade advancing type foundation pile (first invention) characterized in that the rear ends are connected to each other at a height position equal to or higher than the opening to prevent mutual approach and separation, thereby mutually meeting the second supporting points.
And a foundation pile main body and a blade body incorporated in advance in the foundation pile main body or loaded from the rear end opening of the foundation pile main body, and the blade body is longitudinally pressed from the rear end side in the foundation pile main body The blade is advanced while moving forward, and the tip side portion is projected from the tip through the opening provided in the foundation pile main body to the outside of the foundation pile main body in the direction away from the axis of the foundation pile main body In the type foundation pile, the blade body is guided along the concavely curved edge surface of the blade overhanging from the foundation pile main body during its advancing process to maintain the longitudinal curvature, and after the completion of advancing, the said edge A blade advancing type foundation pile (a second invention) characterized in that the force from the soil layer can be transmitted to the foundation pile body via a surface.

The blade of the present invention has a narrow cross section with a substantially flat cross section, and in the advancing step, it is in the direction close to parallel to the axial center of the pile body at the rear end side and gradually from the direction parallel to the axial center at the tip side The direction of movement is changed in the direction of separation, and it is projected while moving into the soil. In order to gradually change the direction and project the tip side, the blade itself is curved in the longitudinal direction (first invention), or the blade is made to be longitudinally elongated by forming a thin strip, etc. Is curved and guided on the edge surface of the blade (second invention) or the like.
Because of its narrow shape, the blade is particularly suitable for incorporation or loading into a square tubular pile body, and since it protrudes into the soil in the form of a protrusion from the tip, removal of the soil at the tip has a thickness × With a minimum cross-sectional area that is wide, and because the longitudinal mid-portion of the blade travels in a direction generally perpendicular to that cross-section, the exclusion of fresh soil in that part is minimized Ru. Therefore, since the resistance caused by the soil in the middle part of the advance is small by friction alone, and the generation of void and void on the front and back is small, the load from the pile is reliably transmitted to the soil. Further, since the blade body has a large protrusion length in the direction away from the axial center of the pile body, integral connection with a large amount of soil is made effective, and the load bearing ability of the pile is enhanced.

In the present invention, the blade body can make the movement direction of the rear end substantially parallel to the axis of the pile body throughout the entire process of advancing into the soil. Therefore, by installing a pressing force transmission rod that abuts the front end and the rear end protrudes out of the upper (rear) end opening of the pile main body at the rear end, installation equipment by driving etc. used for setting the foundation pile is It can be used as it is and used for advancing work of the blade. Therefore, the increase in facilities and man-hours required for this expansion can be minimized.
The front and back surfaces of the blade in the present invention are in the direction (horizontal direction) that is as perpendicular as possible to the load transfer direction (vertical direction). In addition, if the tip of the blade body is sharpened in both the thickness and width directions, it is possible to suppress an increase in resistance caused by obstacles such as wrinkles when protruding into the soil.

In the first invention, since a pair of longitudinally curved vanes are held back to back through the process of storing and advancing to the soil layer, overcoming of the narrowness of the storage space and the horizontal component of the advancing reaction force Structural simplification of the interior of the foundation pile body is achieved because the main parts are offset. Both effects make it possible to adopt a larger blade.
In addition, the change in the angle of intersection between the opening and the blade can be made a small range in both the process of advancing and the end thereof, which means the possibility of reducing the clearance at the opening of the blade. On the other hand, in the present invention, the rear ends of the blades are connected to each other at a position higher than the opening. The blade is supported at its midway position in the longitudinal direction by a small clearance, that is, tightly supported at its opening, and the connection of the rear end prevents mutual approach and separation. If the blade is regarded as a cantilever that receives a distributed load, the tight support point and connection point by this opening will secure its fixed support, and the supporting point of the opening will be closest to the center of the distributed load by the soil layer. Position, which serves to transmit load to the foundation pile main body (however, if one of the pair of blades receives a load in a direction different from the other (upper and lower), the connection point is the axis It is also necessary to prevent movement in the perpendicular direction).
In the present invention, the blade body may have a rectangular cross section, or the cross section coefficient for longitudinal bending may be increased by, for example, forming a concave concave shape.

The blade according to the second aspect of the invention is provided with adequate longitudinal flexibility. For this reason, there is a high degree of freedom to the route when storing in the foundation pile body or advancing to the soil layer, especially by the increase in length, the horizontal projected area is enlarged, and therefore the supporting force and the pullout resistance are greatly increased. It is possible. Further, by allowing the blade body to undergo plastic deformation, the structure and manufacture thereof can be greatly simplified.
With regard to the occurrence of cramping due to the flexibility when advancing into the soil layer, the concave edge surface of the blade is curved in a longitudinal direction by the flexible guide and is supported and guided from the back side of this curve To prevent that. Also, one of the pressure received from the soil layer is through the edge surface, and for the pressure received from the other, additional blade portions (any of which can be seen in the embodiments described later (FIG. 2, FIG. 3 and FIG. 4) Is also transmitted to the foundation pile body via the edge surface of the upper part of the figure) or by means of the curvature maintenance means seen in the other embodiment (FIG. 5), so that the excessively high waist strength to the blade is It is unnecessary.

  BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS The longitudinal cross-sectional view which shows the Example of the blade advance type | mold foundation pile (following only a foundation pile is only described) of 1st invention.   The longitudinal cross-sectional view of the installation state of 1st Example of the foundation pile of 2nd invention.   The figure which shows the principal part of 2nd Example of the foundation pile of 2nd invention.   The figure which shows the principal part of 3rd Example of the foundation pile of 2nd invention.   The longitudinal cross-sectional view of 4th Example of the foundation pile of 2nd invention.   The figure which shows the example of the joint at the time of joining a foundation pile main body and a support column.

Hereinafter, the foundation pile of the present invention is concretely described by various examples.
FIG. 1 is a longitudinal sectional view of a foundation pile 25 according to an embodiment of the first invention of the present invention. This embodiment incorporates two pairs (four pieces) of vanes which are curved in an arc shape in the longitudinal direction. The present embodiment is an example in which a pile for supporting a solar power generation panel is assumed in substantially the same manner as the patent 5637285, in which the size is relatively small, the insertion is relatively shallow, and the pulling resistance is more important than the supporting force.
The foundation pile main body 1 is mainly made of a square steel pipe having a square cross-sectional shape, and a tip cover 2 assembled in a square pyramid shape is attached by welding to this tip. Applied to. Openings 5 and 6 are provided on the left and right side surfaces on the tip side following the cover 2 for the built-in blade members 3 and 4 to protrude. In addition, the pair of blades 7 and 8 and the openings 9 and 10 (the blade 8 and the opening 10 are on the front side of the cross sectional view as well) in the upper direction of the pair of blades and the opening and the same in the direction perpendicular to the page. Not shown) is provided. The upper and lower parts of these openings are reinforced by planks because they are parts where the transfer of a strong load to the blade is performed during the development by protruding into the soil.

Each blade is curved in the form of an arc with a single radius of curvature in the present embodiment, and the back-to-back pairs 3, 4 and 7, 8 of the curvatures are incorporated such that the direction of each pair is orthogonal ing. That is, the back-to-back pairs 4 and 3 are formed in the right and left directions, and 7 and 8 in the direction perpendicular to the paper surface.
Since each blade is regarded as a cantilever when transmitting a load, the main body is thick enough for bending moment, the tip is shaped like a blade from the point of easy protrusion, and the upper end is flat The shape is a convex projecting shape as described later.
The lower slider 13 and the upper slider 14 are composed of main body portions 15 and 16 consisting of a ceiling portion and four side skirt portions, and clutch plates 17 and 18 fixed to a portion directly below the ceiling portion. It can slide axially inside.

The clutch plates 17 and 18 are bent and formed so as to contact with the upper end portions of the blades 3, 4 and 7 and 8, respectively, substantially perpendicularly when coming into the built-in state to the soil, and the central portion There is a through hole in the shape of a rectangle. At the upper end of each pair of blades 3, 4 and 7, 8 is formed a convex portion whose central portion in the width direction protrudes in a step-like manner, and the through holes are formed by the convex portions of each pair of blades. It has a size and a shape that can be inserted in the overlapping state.
The upper slide 14 is provided on the upper surface of the ceiling plate with a recess 19 for centering the lower end of the pressing force transmission rod (not shown) when advancing the blade into the soil as described later. A pair of legs 20, 21 of a rectangular cross section extend downward from the widthwise center of the left and right thick skirts, and the lower ends thereof are in contact with the upper surface of the lower slider 13 (the thickness of the legs 20, 21 is lower It is considered to be thick to prevent buckling due to axial compressive force due to the resistance when the blades 3 and 4 advance into the soil).

The upper blade 7 (8) of the present embodiment is narrowed in width e to the size e to prevent interference with the legs 20 and 21 (the width dimensions of the openings 9 and 10 also conform to these. However, although not shown in the figure as a method of avoiding interference, if a leg is sandwiched between a pair of blades 7 (8) and configured to form a water shape in combination with the leg (the rolling contact relationship between the backs (Holding), the width dimension of the blade can be expanded to the full linear part of the cross section of the material square tube of the foundation pile main body 1, thereby reducing the reduction of the pressure receiving area).
Each opening may be closed with an adhesive sheet or the like for the purpose of preventing dust intrusion during storage, transportation and the like.
In addition, in the foundation pile of a present Example, a means to prevent the disorder of the assembly state etc. by the free slide in the cavity of the foundation pile main body 1 of the main-body part 16 of the upper slider 14 during the storage, transport, etc. It is desirable to apply grease or the like to the sliding surface, and spread the legs 20 and 21 so as to increase the friction with the inner surface.
Further, reference numeral 11 denotes a welded connection portion to be performed after the interior of the slider 13 and the blades 3 and 4 is installed.

The operation of the embodiment will now be described.
The foundation pile 25 is installed at a predetermined plane position and predetermined depth by an appropriate pressing device such as a driving device, and a pressing force transmission rod (not shown) of an appropriate length (after removal of adhesive sheet, etc.) The lower end is fitted in the recess 19 of the upper slide 14, and the upper end is pressed by the pressing device used for the installation work in a state where the upper end protrudes beyond the upper end opening of the foundation pile body 1.
This pressing movement is also transmitted directly to the lower slide 13 via the upper slide 14 and the legs 20, 21 and the respective clutch plate portions 18, 17 are bladed via their respective double-bent bends. It is transmitted to the upper projections of the bodies 7, 8 and 3, 4 and pushes down their wings synchronously in pairs. Thereby, each pair of blade bodies 3, 4 and 7, 8 makes the tip end slide along the lower edge of the openings 5, 6 and 9, (10) while rolling contact with the curved backs The foundation pile main body 1 is projected while changing its advancing direction gradually in a direction away from the axis of the main body (when the opening is blocked by an adhesive sheet, it is pierced). At this time, the blade is divided into the soil so as to sink into the soil, and a gap with the soil does not occur on the front and back surfaces. During this movement, the convex parts at the upper end of each pair of blades approach each other until the convex parts overlap and fit into the through holes of the upper and lower clutch plates 17 and 18 into the soil of the blades. The extrusion process (advancement process) is completed. At this time, the upper ends are connected to each other at a height position above the opening, and movement in proximity, separation and vertical directions is also prevented, so that the cantilever portion is completely fixed.
The two-dot chain line indicates the ejection stroke completion state.

After each pair of convex portions at the upper end portion of the blade body is once fitted into the through hole of the clutch plate, the convex portions of the pair of blade bodies penetrate as long as the slider does not move upward with respect to the foundation pile main body 1 It does not come out of the hole, and the protrusions can not be approached or separated and remain fixed, and this state is continuously maintained. This condition is further ensured by the free slip prevention means of the slider as described above. On the other hand, the wing members 3, 4 and 7, 8 have their longitudinal middle portions tightly bound by the upper and lower edges of the openings 5, 6 and 9, 10, so that each blade is cantilevered in both the vertical direction Since the upper and lower surfaces are in a state and there is no void with soil and no loose soil, the foundation pile body 1 can transmit the force in both the upper and lower directions to the soil reliably and permanently.
In the embodiment of FIG. 1, the pair of blade bodies is smaller than the axis of the foundation pile main body 1 immediately before the insertion of the upper end convex portions of the blade bodies into the through holes in order to emphasize the pullout resistance. It was made to swing slightly in the direction approaching the shape of a figure from a figure to a figure of ten.
In this embodiment, at this point, the lower edges of the pair of left and right skirts of the lower slider abut the upper edges of the reinforcing planks of the openings 5 and 6, so that further movement is blocked and the impact noise This condition can be easily detected because the resistance to pressure and pressure also changes rapidly. Moreover, this state can be confirmed by the positional relationship between the marking put in advance halfway in the length direction of the pressing force transmission rod and the upper end of the foundation pile main body 1.

In this embodiment, the advantage that the external blade according to the second invention described later is unnecessary and the disadvantages associated with having the external blade (such as obstacles during installation due to wrinkles, increased space during transportation, storage, etc.) can be avoided. There is an advantage.
In the above embodiment, since the blade has a two-story structure, the overall length becomes longer and the structure is somewhat complicated, but by increasing the number of blades, integration with a large amount of soil is achieved, supporting power and pulling resistance It is characterized by the ability to increase the power.
In this embodiment, the upper and lower sliders 13 and 14 are brought into contact to operate in synchronization with each other to simplify the overall structure and prevent duplication of installation work.
However, in the first aspect of the present invention, it is also possible to use only a pair of blades.

As described above, as can be seen from the examples, the blade members are connected at positions where their rear ends are sufficiently higher than the opening and apart from the horizontal distance and movement in the direction perpendicular to the axial center is also prevented (proximity, separation impossible) Therefore, even if transmission loads in the same direction or different directions are applied to the pair of blade bodies, these can be stably transmitted to the foundation pile main body. In addition, the projected area in the vertical direction per pair of blades is wide, and there is no difficulty in production and construction.
In order to integrate with the soil as much as possible as the tip shape, the blade has a substantially rectangular shape in this embodiment, but depending on the contamination of the weir or the soil quality, it may be chamfered or rounded with a sword tip or corner It may be attached.
In the present embodiment, the radius of curvature of the blade is made constant over the entire length to minimize play with the opening, to suppress the increase in spreading resistance in the soil, and to prevent the occurrence of vacant portions on the front and back. According to the first aspect of the present invention, the curvature radius value may be slightly changed in order to increase the development (the amount of vertical extension from the surface) from the surface of the square tube. If the radius of curvature is increased, the perpendicular extension from the surface of the rectangular tube can be increased for a given rectangular lumen size.

Next, FIG. 2 is a longitudinal cross-sectional view of the foundation pile 50 of the Example of 2nd invention. The blade body is advanced and deployed in two directions symmetrical with respect to the axial center of the foundation pile body.
The foundation pile main body 30 is mainly made of a square steel pipe having a square cross section, has a tip cover 2 at its tip, and has a thin leading edge at the center in the width direction of the left and right sides across the tip of the cover and steel pipe. A pair of formed outer blades 31, 31 are attached by welding, and the outer blades 31, 31 are continuous with the openings 5, 5 to transmit a pile load to the spikes 38 of the blade body described later, and Slits 32, 32 are formed for guiding when advancing into the soil. In addition, a chevron-shaped internal guide plate 33 is attached to the inside of the tip portion of the foundation pile main body 30.
The blade body 36 of this embodiment is hinged or welded to a slightly thick straight plate-like base 37 and a thin plate-like spiked portion 38 which is thinly curved in the axial direction of the foundation pile main body. And is built in the foundation pile main body 30. In this state, the front and rear ends of the ear portion 38 are in contact with the concave edge surface of the inner guide plate 33. In the figure, the blade on the left side is not shown.

The slide 40 comprises a ceiling, a four-round skirt, a recess 19 for receiving a pressure transmission rod (not shown), and a guide plate 41. The guide plate 41 is a blade with two sides of the above-mentioned skirt. It forms a groove-like recess for receiving the upper end of the base 37 of the body 36 and abuts on the top of the inner guide plate 33 at the final stage of the advancing stroke. Further, at least one side of the skirt portion is provided with a tongue portion 42 formed by a pair of incisions from the lower edge thereof, and the tongue portion 42 has an outer camber so as to press against the inner surface of the foundation pile body 30 with an appropriate force. The applied frictional force suppresses the free axial sliding of the slider 40 in the foundation pile body 30.
The base 37 of the blade is given a cross-sectional coefficient (that is, thickness) sufficiently to withstand buckling due to compression axial force based on the exclusion resistance of the soil when the ear portion 38 enters the soil.
The blade 36 has the upper end a of its base 37 housed in the recess of the slider 40, and the lower end connected to the tail end of the spike 38 with a hinge or weld b and the hinge or weld b as an internal guide plate It abuts on the edge surface (guide surface) of 33.
The openings 5, 5 and the upper end of the foundation pile main body 30 are sealed with an adhesive tape to prevent dust and the like from entering during storage, transportation and the like, and to prevent deviation of the ear portion 38.

In the initial stage of the process of pushing the slider 40 in the same manner as the embodiment of the first invention to advance the blade into the soil, the spike 38 produces an axial force of compression due to soil exclusion resistance and frictional resistance, Due to the flexibility in the longitudinal direction due to the plate-like shape, the curvature of the self is increased first to contact the concave edge surface of the inner guide 33 over substantially the entire length thereof. It starts sliding while contacting the concave guide surface. The purpose of the curved formation of the ear portion 38 is to ensure that the curved portion comes in contact with the inner guide 33 and slides.
Finally, the slide 40 abuts the lower surface of the support plate 41 on the top of the inner guide plate 33 to complete the advancing stroke. During this advancing stroke, the blade 36 is guided by the edge surfaces of both ends of the ear portion 38 at the edge surfaces of both ends of the opening 5, and the upper end of the base 37 is held in the widthwise position by contact with the slider 40. . The completion of the advancing stroke can be easily determined by the sound through the pressing force transmission rod, the stop of the downward movement, or the marking of the pressing force transmission rod. Furthermore, this condition is maintained permanently by the frictional action of the tongue 42 of the slide 40. The two-dot chain line in the figure shows the state where the advancing stroke is completed and held. The spikes 38 face the slit 32 of the external fins 31 on both upper and lower surfaces with a minute gap, so the load transmitted to the foundation pile main body 30 is transmitted to the spikes 38 via the external blades 31 and slits 32, It is transmitted to the soil as it is.

In this embodiment, pile loads in both the upper and lower directions are distributed in a distributed manner over the entire length of the extension of the blade portion 38 into the soil through the slits 32 of the outer blade 31. There is no bending moment due to the longitudinal transfer load. For this reason, the ear can have a sufficiently long length, thus expanding the pressure transmission area of the blade, and can transmit a large pile load.
In the case where the supporting force is small and thus the supporting force can be supported only by the foundation pile main body 30, the portion above the slit 32 of the external fin 31 may be omitted. In this case, however, the lower guiding edge surface has to be in the form of a concave over the entire area. The load condition is typically in the case of a photovoltaic panel support pile.
Even when the supporting force is large, the external blade 31 is not essential over the entire length on the opposite side of the ear portion 38 after advancing. It is sufficient if there is any mechanism for inserting the tip into the recess formed in the tip of the blade with a contact or with a small gap and preventing the rear end side from being retracted (see the embodiment of FIG. 5).
In the present embodiment, about 1/2 of the total length of the blade body is a (rigid) base, which is configured to withstand the occurrence of buckling due to the axial force, and the guide is not necessary.
In addition, although the ear portion 38 has a square tip portion to increase the spread area, it may be in the form of a sword according to the applied soil quality.
This embodiment is the same as the embodiment in FIG. 3 and FIG. 4, but by providing flexibility to the blade in the longitudinal direction, storage in the foundation pile main body which is a long material, state of loading, soil There is a large degree of freedom in the transition to the ingress and after the advancement (the full length of the ear section is nearly perpendicular to the axis), which makes it easy to increase the spread area.

Next, FIG. 3 is a view showing the main part of a second embodiment of the second invention, and this embodiment is directed to the soil of the blade by devising the storage state of the blade in the foundation pile main body. The direction of advancing inward is four directions with respect to the two directions in the embodiment of FIG.
The blade body is a pair of 36 and 36 deployed in the left-right direction and 36 'and 36' extended and deployed in the front and back direction in the BB arrow view. However, one blade 36 deployed on the left side in the figure is not shown, and 36 'deployed on the near side in the figure does not appear in the figure. Each blade 36, 36 ', etc. comprises a base 37, 37', etc. and a spike 38, 38 ', etc., respectively. These ear parts are curved and formed in the same direction (convexly directed to the axial center side of the foundation pile main body 60) for the same reason as in the embodiment of FIG.
Here, the ear portions 38, 38 developed in the left-right direction and the ear portions 38 ', 38' developed in the front and back direction in the paper surface are curved in a concave shape of the internal guide 33 '(see AA arrow) It faces with the convex side of oneself with respect to the guide edge surface which carried out.
Each base (37, 37 and 37 ', 37') is in the form of a strip narrow in width relative to the inner dimension of the skirt portion of the slider 40, and the upper end thereof The widthwise position of the inner guide 33 'is restricted by receiving it as if it straddles both end portions of the base plate 41 which are orthogonal to each other, and by receiving the concavely curved guiding edge surface of the inner guide 33' It is done. Further, the base pairs 37 and 37 'are different in length, and the lower ends thereof are connected to the upper ends of the spikes in the same manner as in the second embodiment.

The tip (lower end) of each ear portion faces openings (5, 5 ') provided at different levels depending on the orthogonal advancing direction. In the sectional view taken along the line A-A, in the ear portion 38, the cut surface at the middle in the lengthwise direction faces the concave curved guiding edge surface of the inner guide 33 'with a gap (cross-sectional hatching), The ear portion 38 'is a connection portion with the base at the cutting position and is in contact with the inner guide 33', and the outer surface of each ear portion appears.
The ear parts (38, 38) developed in the lateral direction on the figure have a width with a slight margin in the width of the opening 5 over the entire length (referred to as full width), ear parts (38 ', 38') developed in the front and back direction Is approximately the same as the full width on the front end side, and about the half length on the rear end side, substantially corresponding to the width dimension between the left and right guiding edge surfaces of the cruciform cross section of the inner guide 33 '. In this way, interference between the ear parts is prevented in the entire process of storage and deployment (in order to reduce the length portion which does not reach the full width, it is sufficient to increase the level difference between the openings. The purpose of making the level difference is to prevent the strength reduction of the foundation pile main body due to the openings approaching each other from different advancing directions, and to reduce the area by not reaching the full width of the ear in one advancing direction. Is the prevention).
Also in this figure, the two-dot chain line indicates the slider and blade in the advanced state, and the slider 40 is provided with the tongue portion 42.
The description of the external blades (31, 31, 31 ', 31') will not be necessary. Also, a long description of the operation of the embodiment may be unnecessary.

FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view of an essential part of a third embodiment of the second invention. In this embodiment, the role of the inner guides (33, 33 ') in FIGS. 2 and 3 is replaced by ribs 77, 78 fixedly provided on the slider 74. As a result, the blade assembly 72 is assembled under the release space, assembled, and loaded into the foundation pile body from the rear end opening in the assembled state. As a result, the work of assembling and assembling the ribs in the narrow base pile body can be avoided, and the work can be performed accurately and efficiently.
In this example, the tip of the foundation pile main body (tip cover, external blade) blade body has a planar shape and a pointed shape in the thickness direction with respect to an obstacle such as a weir. The tips of the external blades 31, 31 and 31 ', 31' orthogonal to each other are at the same level position.
The foundation pile main body 71 has two pairs of openings (5, 5 and 5 ', 5', but the opening 5 'on the front side does not appear in the drawing) having a level difference at the tip of the square pipe portion. The opening has a root portion of an upward tongue formed by forming a U-shaped slit and a portion bent inward, and the widthwise central portion of the bent portion interferes with the rib as described later. It has a notch for prevention.

The blade assembly 72 has a frame-like skirt portion 73 capable of axial smooth sliding inside a square tube which is the main body of the foundation pile body, and a recess 19 for receiving the lower end of the pressing force transmission rod on the upper surface. The ceiling portion 74 has two pairs of strip-shaped (but the lower end is a pseudo-sword shaped) blade 75, 75 and 76, 76 (provided that the upper end is welded to the lower edge of each side of the skirt 73 respectively). The edge 76 of the side does not appear in the drawings), the edge of the upper end is welded to the inner surface of the skirt and suspended, and the blade surface is backed up from the back surface side in the width direction center by abutment It consists of two pairs of ribs 77, 77 and 78, 78.
Here, the tip of each blade is bent outward with a small curvature, and the bent portion is a smooth opening passage by parallel contact with the above-mentioned tongue-like bent portion and a slit of the outer blade. Contribute to the facilitation of Further, it is desirable that the portion following the bending portion is also bent at a smaller curvature.
In FIG. 4, after the foundation pile main body 71 is first installed at a predetermined depth position, the blade assembly 72 is loaded from the opening at the rear end of the foundation pile main body 71 and then pressed by the pressure transmission rod The tip of each blade body faces each opening from the inside side, and shows a state where the general is advanced and developed into the soil and a developed state (two-dot chain line). However, the entire foundation pile 70 may be press-fit and installed while the blade assembly 72 is loaded in advance.
Free sliding of the blade assembly 72 in the foundation pile main body 71 should be suppressed to prevent an unexpected failure due to a collision, such as a natural fall in a rectangular tube at the time of vertical loading, etc. Is preferred. The specific methods include grease application to the skirt, installation of a ball device etc. that is spring-pressed to the skirt, positive use of bending of the tip of the blade (frictional resistance to the inner wall of the square tube), etc. It is appropriate.

From the upper end opening of the foundation pile main body 71 installed by pushing to a predetermined depth position, the blade assembly 72 loaded in a predetermined direction is pressed, if necessary, through an apparatus utilizing a shoehorn principle. As the pressure is gradually applied through the pressure transfer rod, the tip end of each blade 75, 76, etc. is pushed through the openings (5, 5 ', etc.) into the soil layer to start the advancing process. With the progress of the advancing process, the resistance of the soil to it increases, and each blade body increases the warp in the longitudinal direction by its axial compression force. Among the warping, the warping toward the inner wall side of the square tube is almost completely prevented by the above-described bending previously applied to itself, and even if bending is not applied in advance, also due to the minute distance from the tube wall Is backed up by the ribs (77, 78), so the expansion process is successfully completed without cramping.
The completion of the advancing process can be sensed by the sharp increase of the pressing force, the mark applied to the pressing force transmitting rod, and the like in almost the same manner as the previous example.
At the completion of the advancing process, there is no reverse movement, that is, no generation of a force for retracting the blade. However, if it is desired to prevent this completely, known types of mechanical anti-retrograde mechanisms can be provided. In the figure, a notch is formed in the inner edge surface of the tip of the left and right ribs 77, 77, and the upper end is fixed to a crosspiece 78 provided across the opposing inner wall surfaces of the square tube to the notch. An example is shown in which a pair of mechanisms is provided in which the lower end of the leaf spring 79 is fitted at the completion of the deployment process. One mechanism alone is sufficient.

Next, FIG. 5A shows an inner guide or the like (the inner guide plate 33 in FIG. 2, the inner guide 33 'in FIG. 3, and the rib in FIG. 4) in the already described embodiment (FIGS. 2, 3 and 4) of the second invention. 77 is a longitudinal cross-sectional view of an example in which simplification of the structure and facilitation of manufacture are achieved by omitting selective processing of a specific part of the blade as necessary while omitting 77 and 78).
The foundation pile 90 is composed of a foundation pile main body 91 and a blade assembly 97. The foundation pile main body 91 comprises a square steel pipe portion 92, a tip cover 93 welded to this, and an outer blade 95, and is formed with a U-shaped or H-shaped slit at the same level on four sides near the tip of the square steel pipe portion 92. An opening 94 is formed by bending the root portion of the upward tongue portion inward.
The upper edge surface of the outer blade 95 is a surface of the tongue 94 of the opening 94 which is a surface of a concave curved surface which is separated and gently continuous, and has a ridged portion at its end.

The blade assembly 97 has a superstructure 98 consisting of a substrate fitted with a slight allowance in the inner diameter of the square steel pipe 92 and its attachment, and a strip on the lower surface of the substrate with its upper edge welded It comprises four blades 99 and a leaf spring 100 coupled together.
The blade 99 has a width that is slightly smaller than the width of the opening 94, and a lower half portion thereof is a valgus having a substantially constant radius of curvature (approximately equal to the radius of concave curve of the outer blade 95). The lower end is desired for the opening 94. Further, a slit 101 which allows plastic deformation in the thickness direction if necessary is formed immediately below the weld joint with the substrate.
The leaf spring 100, as shown in the plan view A, has claws extending from the annular portion in a substantially radial direction in this embodiment to eight pieces in this embodiment longer than the inner diameter of the square tube portion 92 and sandwiching the annular portion. Is mounted on the upper structure portion 98. The upper portion of the upper structure projects above the upper surface of the flat spring 100 at the time of upward bending when the flat spring 100 is bent at the tip end face thereof when a pressing force transmission rod (not shown) having an appropriate tip diameter is inserted. To prevent damage.

When the blade assembly 97 is pushed down, the claws of the plate spring 100 are forced to elastically deform upward due to the interference between the tip thereof and the inner wall surface of the square tube 92.
Since the upward warping elastic deformation of the claws is permanently retained, the blade assembly 97 is allowed to slide downward in the rectangular tube but is prevented from moving in the reverse direction. That is, a one-way slide permitting mechanism is formed.

  After the foundation pile 90 is installed at a predetermined planar position and depth by driving or the like, when the blade assembly 97 is pressed by the pressing force transmission rod, the state of the longitudinal sectional view of FIG. 5A is obtained, and the tip of the blade 99 is open. After reaching the concave guiding edge surface of the outer blade 95 through 94, the edge surface and its front edge are in contact with each other and guided and advanced while maintaining a small clearance angle with respect to the edge surface. During this time, the upper end portion of the blade body 99 is subjected to elastic or plastic deformation due to the maximum bending moment based on the maximum arm length in the outward spreading direction at the upper end portion and deformation facilitation by the addition of the slit 101, and the other longitudinal direction The part does not cause deformation such as cramping.

The tips of the four blade bodies 99 successively fit into the recesses formed by the ridged projections at the end of the concave curved surface of the outer blade 95. The upper structural portion 98 may be slightly inclined within the inner wall of the square steel pipe portion 92, so that at least two of the four blades abut the tips thereof to the concave portion, thereby applying an axial compressive force to the main body portion. It will be in the state of holding. In this state, the back surface of the blade 99 is supported in direct contact with the concave curved surface of the outer blade 95 or faces with a minute gap. And since it is hold | maintained by the said one way slide mechanism, the pressure of the soil layer from the outer blade side of the blade | wing body 99 is also reliably transmitted to the foundation pile main body 91. FIG.
FIG. 5B shows an example in which the embodiment is applied to a road sign support. A foundation pile of a predetermined length is placed at a depth position where the upper end is GL-50 mm, the inner cavity is filled with a predetermined depth (dimension C) ballast and slightly compacted, and a column of a predetermined length is inserted. Do.
In the column, measures of detents and centering shown in the A-A cross section of the lower end (A rod with a length equal to or less than the diagonal dimension of the inner wall of the foundation pile is inserted into the through hole at right angles A single pipe of a predetermined length is externally fitted to the swing part, and a vertical centering device is provided at the upper end of the foundation pile with nuts and bolts at the center of the four sides.
After completion of preparation for vertical remodeling by these, cement and mortar are filled between the pillars and the foundation pile (b), and paving is applied (a).

As described above, the foundation pile of the present invention is excellent in the resistance to pulling out and suitable for supporting a photovoltaic panel. At this time, especially when the panel is large or the inclination angle is large and the upper support point is at a high position, it is convenient if the foundation pile for support point can be constructed with a common installation apparatus with the foundation pile for the lower support point.
FIG. 6 is a view showing an example of a joint in which a support column is added on a foundation pile and a high position side support is reached. The upper end portion of the foundation pile 25 is reinforced with a flat bar in a pot-like shape, and a reverse cup-shaped externally fitting joint 80 attached to the lower end of a support column (shown by a round pipe) is covered on the outer diameter. It is something to conclude.

In the foundation pile of the present invention, the material is mainly steel in terms of strength and price, and particularly in the case of a small pile, it tends to be relatively thin. For this reason, anti-corrosion measures become important, and the use of hot dip galvanizing and stainless steel materials is effective. Electrical corrosion protection should also be considered.
The filling of the cement mortar into the lumen has a corrosion resistance effect by suppressing the intrusion of ground water, and is effective for fixing the developed state. However, in this case, it is necessary to provide a through hole in the ceiling of the slider.

Foundation pile 25, 50, 60, 70, 90
Foundation pile main body 1, 30, 61, 71, 91
Blade 3, 4, 7, 8, 36, 36 ', 75, 76, 99
Opening 5, 5 ', 6, 9, 10, 94
Pulleys 13, 14, 40
Wing assembly 72, 97

Claims (2)

  A foundation pile body and a blade body incorporated in advance in the foundation pile body or loaded from the rear end opening of the foundation pile body, the blade body is longitudinally pressed from the rear end side in the foundation pile body Blade advancing type in which the tip side portion is projected from the tip through the opening provided in the foundation pile main body to the outside of the foundation pile main body in the direction away from the axis of the foundation pile main body while moving In the foundation pile, a pair of blade members curved in the longitudinal direction is advanced by maintaining the rolling contact relationship between the curved backs, and after advancing, the above-mentioned opening is the first fulcrum and the rear ends are respectively A blade advancing type foundation pile characterized in that they are mutually connected with a second supporting point by preventing mutual proximity and separation by connection at a height position higher than the opening.   A foundation pile body and a blade body incorporated in advance in the foundation pile body or loaded from the rear end opening of the foundation pile body, the blade body is longitudinally pressed from the rear end side in the foundation pile body Blade advancing type in which the tip side portion is projected from the tip through the opening provided in the foundation pile main body to the outside of the foundation pile main body in the direction away from the axis of the foundation pile main body while moving In the foundation pile, the blade is guided along the concavely curved edge surface of the blade overhanging from the foundation pile main body during the advancing process to maintain the longitudinal curvature, and after the completion of advancing, the edge surface The blade advancing type foundation pile characterized in that the force from the soil layer can be transmitted to the foundation pile body via the.

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