JP2019039862A - Building disaster-affected estimation simulation system and method - Google Patents

Abstract

To provide a building disaster-affected estimation simulation system that simulates a disaster-affected level of buildings due to earthquakes on the basis of earthquake data about known earthquakes.SOLUTION: A building disaster-affected estimation simulation system 1 comprises: a design building model generation unit 31 that generates a design building model mathematizing a motion of a building 2 being an estimation simulation object due to earthquakes; a known earthquake data acquisition unit 32 that acquires earthquake data about known earthquakes; a distance azimuth setting unit 33 that sets a distance to a location and azimuth where the known earthquake occurs, from the building 2; a ground acceleration calculation unit 34 that calculates ground acceleration in accordance with the distance and azimuth; an earthquake response analysis unit 35 that inputs the ground acceleration calculated by the ground acceleration calculation unit 34 into the design building model, and conducts an earthquake response analysis; and a disaster-affected information calculation unit 36 that calculates disaster-affected information on the building 2, using an earthquake response analysis result and the ground acceleration.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 1

Description

  The present invention relates to a building damage estimation simulation system and method, and more particularly to a building damage estimation simulation system and method for simulating the estimation of the damage level of a building due to an earthquake.

  In recent years, large-scale earthquakes have occurred one after another in Japan, and technology for estimating the degree of damage to buildings such as buildings due to earthquakes (hereinafter referred to as “damage level”) has attracted attention. For example, in Patent Document 1, when an earthquake occurs, the ground acceleration measured by the earthquake sensor is input to the model of the design building derived from the parameters related to the design structure of the building to be estimated. Discloses a technique for presenting an estimation result of the damage level of a building.

  In the technique disclosed in Patent Document 1, an earthquake sensor installed in a building to be estimated measures ground acceleration in the east-west direction, the north-south direction, and the vertical direction. Then, an earthquake response analysis using the ground motion acceleration of these three directional components is performed, and the maximum acceleration and maximum displacement of each floor of the building and the maximum interlayer displacement angle between each floor are determined in the north-south direction, east-west direction, and vertical direction. Calculation is made for each direction component of the direction.

  However, the technique disclosed in Patent Document 1 estimates the damage level of a building based on data of an actually occurring earthquake, and an earthquake having a magnitude corresponding to an earthquake that occurred in the past can be detected at an arbitrary position. When it occurred, it was not possible to perform a simulation to estimate the damage level of the building.

Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2006-197014

  An object of this invention is to provide the building damage estimation simulation system which simulates the estimation of the damage degree of the building by an earthquake based on the earthquake data regarding a known earthquake.

  In order to solve the above-described problem, the building damage estimation simulation system according to the present invention formulates the movement of the building due to the earthquake based on the value of the structural design parameter extracted from the design book of the estimation simulation target building. A design building model generation circuit that generates the designed building model, a known earthquake data acquisition circuit that acquires earthquake data related to a known earthquake, and a distance and direction from the building to the position where the known earthquake occurred A position setting circuit; a ground acceleration calculation circuit that calculates a ground acceleration according to the distance and the direction based on the earthquake data; and the ground acceleration calculated by the ground acceleration calculation circuit in the design building model. The seismic response analysis circuit that performs the seismic response analysis of the designed building model and the seismic response analysis result Calculates the disaster information of the building using the fine the ground acceleration, characterized in that it comprises a disaster information calculating circuit.

  In the building damage estimation simulation system according to the present invention, the ground acceleration calculation circuit extracts ground motion acceleration data corresponding to the direction from the earthquake data, and attenuates the value of the ground acceleration data according to the distance. Then, the ground motion acceleration may be calculated.

  In the building damage estimation simulation system according to the present invention, the earthquake response analysis result by the earthquake response analysis circuit includes displacement, acceleration, and speed of each floor of the building, and the damage information calculation circuit calculates the damage The information may include seismic intensity, long-period ground motion, maximum displacement, and maximum acceleration of each floor of the building, and a maximum displacement angle between the floors.

  The building damage estimation simulation system according to the present invention may further include a damage degree estimation circuit that estimates the damage degree of the building from the damage information calculated by the damage information calculation circuit.

  The building damage estimation simulation system according to the present invention may further include a damage degree presentation circuit that presents the damage degree estimated by the damage degree estimation circuit.

  Further, the building damage estimation simulation method according to the present invention generates a design building model that formulates the movement of the building due to an earthquake based on the value of the structural design parameter extracted from the design book of the building to be estimated simulation. A design building model generation step, a known earthquake data acquisition step for acquiring earthquake data relating to a known earthquake, a position setting step for setting a distance and direction from the building to the position where the known earthquake occurred, and the earthquake Based on the data, a ground acceleration calculation step for calculating a ground acceleration according to the distance and the azimuth, and the ground acceleration calculated in the ground acceleration calculation step are input to the design building model, and the design building model An earthquake response analysis step for performing an earthquake response analysis of the earthquake, the earthquake response analysis result and the ground motion Calculates the disaster information of the building using the velocity, characterized in that it and a disaster information calculation step.

  According to the present invention, based on the earthquake data related to a known earthquake, the ground acceleration is calculated according to the distance and direction from the estimated simulation target building to the position where the earthquake corresponding to the known earthquake has occurred, Since the earthquake response analysis is performed by inputting into the design building model, it is possible to estimate and simulate the damage degree of the building against an earthquake of a magnitude corresponding to a known earthquake occurring at an arbitrary position.

FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing a configuration example of a building damage estimation simulation system according to an embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 2 is a flowchart for explaining the operation in the building damage estimation simulation system according to the embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 3 is a diagram showing a display example of the maximum displacement angle between the floors of the building, the maximum displacement of each floor, and the maximum acceleration of each floor among the degree of damage in the embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 4 is a diagram showing a display example of the long-period seismic motion class of each floor of the building in the degree of damage according to the embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 5 is a diagram showing another display example of the degree of damage in the embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 6 is a block diagram illustrating a configuration example of a computer that realizes the disaster level estimation simulation apparatus according to the embodiment of the present invention.

  DESCRIPTION OF EXEMPLARY EMBODIMENTS Hereinafter, preferred embodiments of the invention will be described in detail with reference to FIGS. In the following description, a case where the “known earthquake” is “an earthquake that occurred in the past” will be described. Constituent elements common to the drawings are given the same reference numerals.

<Embodiment>
FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing a configuration example of a building damage estimation simulation system 1 according to an embodiment of the present invention. The building damage estimation simulation system 1 according to the present embodiment includes a building 2, a damage degree estimation simulation apparatus 3, and a user terminal 4. The damage degree estimation simulation apparatus 3 and the user terminal 4 are connected to a network such as the Internet. Connected via NW.

  The building 2 is a target building for which an estimation simulation of a damage situation caused by an earthquake is performed. In the present embodiment, the case where the building 2 has a six-story reinforced concrete structure will be described.

  The damage level estimation simulation device 3 is a device that performs processing necessary for the estimation simulation of the damage level due to the earthquake of the building 2, and includes a design building model generation unit 31 that generates a design building model of the building 2 that is the target of the estimation simulation. A past earthquake data acquisition unit 32 that acquires earthquake data related to past earthquakes, a distance direction setting unit 33 that sets the distance and direction from the building 2 to a position where an earthquake of a magnitude corresponding to a past earthquake has occurred, Based on the earthquake data, the damage information of the building 2 is calculated using the ground acceleration calculation unit 34 for calculating the ground acceleration z according to the set distance and direction, and the result of the earthquake response analysis and the ground acceleration z. The damage information calculation unit 36 that performs damage, the damage level estimation unit 36 that estimates the damage level of the building 2 based on the damage information, and a table that displays the simulation result of the damage level And a part 38. The description of each of the above-described configurations included in the damage degree estimation simulation device 3 will be described later.

  The user terminal 4 includes an input unit 41 and a display unit 42. When the user terminal 4 receives a setting such as an earthquake occurrence position corresponding to a past earthquake, which will be described later, from the user via the input unit 41, for example, the user terminal 4 transmits the distance and direction information from the building 2 to the network NW. Is transmitted to the damage degree estimation simulation device 3 (distance direction setting unit 33). In addition, the display unit 42 displays, for example, an estimation simulation result of the damage level of the building 2 transmitted from the damage level estimation simulation apparatus 3 via the network NW.

  Next, operation | movement of the building damage estimation simulation system 1 in this Embodiment is demonstrated using the flowchart of FIG. First, the design building model generation unit 31 generates a design building model that formulates the movement of the building 2 due to the earthquake (step S11). More specifically, the design building model generation unit 31 extracts structural design parameters necessary for response analysis of the building 2 due to the earthquake from the design book of the building 2 and derives a design building model.

The structural design parameters include the attenuation constant of the building 2, the mass of each floor, and the rigidity of each floor. From these attenuation constants, the mass of each floor, and the rigidity of each floor, the equation of state of the design building model is obtained.
dX / dt = A × X + B × U + D × z (1)

  Here, X is a state variable. The state variable X includes the displacement of each floor of the building 2, the speed of each floor, the displacement of a vibration control device (not shown), and the like. U is a control input to a controller (not shown) that controls the vibration damping device (U = 0 when there is no controller and controller), and z is the ground motion acceleration. A, B, and D are constant matrices.

  Next, the past earthquake data acquisition unit 32 reads earthquake data including ground motion acceleration data of earthquakes that have occurred in the past from a storage unit (not shown) (step S12). More specifically, for example, a configuration is adopted in which a user receives an input of past earthquakes to be used for estimation simulation from a selection screen configured by a past earthquake list or the like displayed on the display unit 42 of the user terminal 4. May be. The input information indicating past earthquakes is transmitted from the user terminal 4 to the past earthquake data acquisition unit 32 via the network NW. In addition, you may employ | adopt the structure which downloads the earthquake data regarding the past earthquake from the outside via the network NW.

  The ground acceleration data included in the earthquake data of past earthquakes acquired by the past earthquake data acquisition unit 32 includes the ground acceleration data in the east-west direction EW, the ground acceleration data in the north-south direction NS, and the ground motion in the vertical direction UD. Includes acceleration data.

  Next, the distance azimuth setting unit 33 acquires the distance and azimuth from the building 2 to be estimated simulation to the position where an earthquake of a magnitude corresponding to a past earthquake has occurred (step S13). The distance azimuth setting unit 33 stores the acquired distance and azimuth information in the storage unit.

  For example, when an earthquake of a magnitude equivalent to that observed in Osaki City, Miyagi Prefecture in the Great East Japan Earthquake on March 11, 2011 occurred at a location 20 km south of Building 2 in Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo When the simulation for estimating the damage level of the building 2 is performed, the distance is set to “20 km” and the direction is set to “south”. These pieces of information can be arbitrarily determined by the user, and are transmitted from the user terminal 4 to the distance / azimuth setting unit 33 via the network NW.

  Next, the ground acceleration calculation unit 34 obtains past earthquake data based on the distance and direction from the building 2 to the occurrence position of the earthquake corresponding to the past earthquake acquired by the distance / azimuth setting unit 33. Using this, the ground motion acceleration z is calculated (step S14).

  More specifically, the ground acceleration calculation unit 34 calculates the ground acceleration data corresponding to the direction based on the direction set by the user in which an earthquake of a magnitude corresponding to the past earthquake occurs from the building 2. Extract from earthquake data. The ground acceleration calculation unit 34 calculates the ground acceleration z by attenuating the extracted ground acceleration data according to the distance. The ground motion acceleration calculation unit 34 stores the calculated ground motion acceleration z in the storage unit.

  Next, the earthquake response analysis unit 35 designs the ground motion acceleration z in the building 2 based on the past earthquake data calculated by the ground motion acceleration calculation unit 34 and the control input U calculated by the control system of the vibration control device. And a response analysis for an earthquake of a magnitude corresponding to a past earthquake in the design building model is performed (step S15). By this earthquake response analysis, the earthquake response analysis unit 35 obtains the displacement and speed of each floor of the building 2.

  Moreover, the earthquake response analysis part 35 calculates | requires the acceleration of each floor by differentiating the speed of each floor. Moreover, the earthquake response analysis part 35 calculates | requires the displacement, speed, and acceleration of each floor of the building 2 about the east-west direction EW, the north-south direction NS, and the vertical direction UD, respectively.

Specifically, the earthquake response analysis unit 35 performs a response analysis for an earthquake using a fourth-order Runge-Kutta method represented by the following equation (2).
X1 = X
b1 = dt × (A × X1 + B × U + D × z)
X2 = X + b1 / 2
b2 = dt × (A × X2 + B × U + D × z)
X3 = X + b2 / 2
b3 = dt × (A × X3 + B × U + D × z)
X4 = X + b3
b4 = dt × (A × X4 + B × U + D × z)
Y = X + (b1 + 2 × b2 + 2 × b3 + b4) / 6 (2)

  Here, dt represents the sampling time. Next, during the occurrence of an earthquake of a magnitude corresponding to a past earthquake, the damage information calculation unit 36 receives the seismic response analysis result (displacement of each floor, the displacement of each floor) from the current time by a certain time ΔT1. The damage information is calculated using the speed, the acceleration of each floor) and the ground acceleration z (the ground acceleration z in each of the east-west direction EW, the north-south direction NS, and the vertical direction UD) (step S16). The calculated disaster information is stored in the storage unit.

  As damage information, the seismic intensity at the position corresponding to the foundation ground surface of building 2, seismic intensity measured on each floor, long-period ground motion on each floor, maximum acceleration on each floor, maximum speed on each floor, maximum displacement on each floor, maximum interlayer between floors There is a displacement angle.

  The seismic intensity at the position corresponding to the foundation ground surface of the building 2 can be calculated from the ground acceleration z calculated by the ground acceleration calculation unit 34. The measured seismic intensity of each floor can be calculated from the acceleration of each floor. The long-period ground motion of each floor can be calculated based on the ground motion speed obtained by integrating the ground motion acceleration z and the absolute speed response obtained from the speed of each floor. The maximum interlayer displacement angle between each floor can be calculated by dividing the maximum interlayer displacement between each floor by the floor height.

  Next, when the ground motion acceleration z input to the design building model is less than the predetermined earthquake end determination threshold, the damage level estimation unit 37 determines that the earthquake corresponding to the past earthquake has stopped (step S17). YES), the damage level of the building 2 is estimated using all the data calculated by the damage information calculation unit 36 (step S18).

  More specifically, the damage degree estimation unit 37 calculates various data of the maximum acceleration of each floor, the maximum displacement of each floor, and the maximum interlayer displacement angle between the floors included in the disaster information calculated by the disaster information calculation unit 36, respectively. Tally. For example, the damage level estimation unit 37 calculates the aggregated maximum acceleration of each floor, the maximum displacement of each floor, and the maximum interlayer displacement angle between the floors for each of the east-west direction EW, the north-south direction NS, and the vertical direction UD.

  In addition, the damage level estimation unit 37, when the value of the maximum interlayer displacement angle between each floor is, for example, 0.005 [rad] or more and less than 0.01 [rad], the damage of the floor in the building 2 is Presumed to be a “small break”. Further, when the value of the maximum interlayer displacement angle between each floor is 0.01 [rad] or more and less than 0.015 [rad], the damage between the floors is estimated as “destructive”, and 0.015 [rad ] If this is the case, the damage between the floors is presumed to be “Great Damage”. In this way, damage between each floor of the building 2 is estimated at three different levels: “small break”, “medium break”, and “great break”.

  Further, the damage degree estimation unit 37 estimates the long-period ground motion class (class 1 to class 4) of each floor based on the long-period ground motion on each floor of the building 2 calculated by the disaster information calculation unit 36. For example, when the absolute velocity response value is 100 cm / s or more, the long-period ground motion class 4 is obtained. By displaying the class of long-period ground motion for each floor in this way, the estimation result of the degree of difficulty of human action during an earthquake due to a long-period shaking is shown for each floor.

  Next, the damage level estimation unit 37 transmits the damage level of the building 2 estimated in step S18 to the user terminal 4 via the network NW. The transmitted damage level of the building 2 is displayed on the display unit 42 of the user terminal 4 (step S19). At this time, the user terminal also calculates the seismic intensity at the position corresponding to the foundation ground surface of the building 2 calculated by the disaster information calculation unit 36 and the ground acceleration z calculated by the ground acceleration calculation unit 34 and input to the design building model. 4 to send. Further, the damage level of the building 2 by the damage level estimation unit 37 can be displayed on the display unit 38 of the damage level estimation simulation device 3.

  FIG. 3 is a diagram illustrating a display example of the maximum displacement angle between each floor, the maximum displacement of each floor, and the maximum acceleration of each floor displayed on the display unit 42 of the user terminal 4. As shown in FIG. 3, in the maximum displacement angle between each floor of the building 2, the maximum displacement of each floor, and the maximum acceleration of each floor, data of three directional components of the east-west direction EW, the north-south direction NS, and the vertical direction UD, respectively. Is displayed.

  As shown in FIG. 3, the maximum displacement angle between the floors in the east-west direction EW displayed on the display unit 42 is less than “small break” between any floors. In addition, the maximum displacement angle between the floors in the north-south direction NS is “destructive” in any floor. In addition, the maximum displacement angle between each floor in the vertical direction UD is “medium break” for the first floor to the second floor, the second floor to the third floor, and the fifth floor to the sixth floor, and the third floor to the fourth floor and the fourth floor to The 5th floor is a “wreck”.

  FIG. 4 is a diagram illustrating a display example of the long-period ground motion class of the building 2 displayed on the display unit 42 of the user terminal 4. In FIG. 4, the degree of damage in which the long-period ground motion class is class 4 in all the floors from the first floor to the sixth floor is displayed.

  FIG. 5 is a diagram illustrating another display example of the degree of damage displayed on the display unit 42 of the user terminal 4. As shown in FIG. 5, the display unit 42 displays “equivalent seismic intensity 6 strong” based on the seismic intensity at the position corresponding to the foundation ground surface calculated by the disaster information calculation unit 36, and the long-period seismic ground motion class is displayed. Is displayed as "Class 4" on the 6th floor, and based on the value of the maximum displacement angle between the 3rd floor and the 4th floor, the 3rd floor to the 4th floor are displayed as "Potential for damage".

  As described above, in the building damage estimation simulation system 1 according to the present embodiment, an earthquake of a scale corresponding to an earthquake that occurred in the past from the estimation simulation target building 2 occurs based on the earthquake data related to the past earthquake. The ground acceleration z corresponding to the distance to the position and the direction is calculated. Furthermore, an earthquake response analysis is performed based on the designed building model to which the calculated ground motion acceleration z is input. Accordingly, it is possible to estimate and simulate the damage level of the building 2 against an earthquake having a magnitude corresponding to a past earthquake that has occurred at an arbitrary position.

  In addition, since the location of an earthquake of a magnitude corresponding to a past earthquake can be set based on the distance and direction from the building 2, for example, an occurrence at a predetermined position such as a Nankai Trough earthquake is predicted. It is possible to estimate and simulate the damage level of the building 2 before the actual earthquake occurs.

  As illustrated in FIG. 6, the disaster degree estimation simulation apparatus 3 described in the present embodiment includes a CPU 302, a storage device 303, an I / F 304, and a display device 305 connected via a bus 301, and these It can be realized by a program that controls the hardware resources. The CPU 302 executes the processing described in this embodiment in accordance with a program stored in the storage device 303.

  The embodiment of the building damage estimation simulation system of the present invention has been described above. However, the present invention is not limited to the described embodiment, and a person skilled in the art can assume within the scope of the invention described in the claims. Various modifications can be made.

  For example, in the present embodiment, the case has been described in which the building 2 that is the target of the damage estimation simulation is a six-story building having a reinforced concrete structure. However, the target of estimating the degree of damage may be an artificially produced and installed work, for example, a structure such as a dam, a steel tower, a gas tank, a bridge or a dike, a building such as a condominium or a house. .

  DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 ... Building damage estimation simulation system, 2 ... Building, 3 ... Damage degree estimation simulation apparatus, 31 ... Design building model production | generation part, 32 ... Past earthquake data acquisition part, 33 ... Distance direction setting part, 34 ... Ground motion acceleration calculation part, 35 ... Earthquake response analysis part, 36 ... Damage information calculation part, 37 ... Damage degree estimation part, 38 ... Display part, 4 ... User terminal, 41 ... Input part, 42 ... Display part.

Claims (6)

A design building model generation circuit that generates a design building model that formulates the movement of the building due to the earthquake based on the value of the structural design parameter extracted from the design book of the estimation simulation target building;
A known earthquake data acquisition circuit for acquiring earthquake data relating to known earthquakes;
A position setting circuit for setting a distance and a direction from the building to the position where the known earthquake occurred,
A ground acceleration calculation circuit that calculates a ground acceleration according to the distance and the direction based on the earthquake data;
An earthquake response analysis circuit that inputs the ground motion acceleration calculated by the ground motion acceleration calculation circuit to the design building model and performs an earthquake response analysis of the design building model;
A damage information calculation circuit for calculating the damage information of the building using the earthquake response analysis result and the ground motion acceleration;
A building damage estimation simulation system characterized by comprising:   The ground motion acceleration calculation circuit extracts ground motion acceleration data corresponding to the direction from the earthquake data, and calculates the ground motion acceleration by attenuating the value of the ground motion acceleration data according to the distance. The building damage estimation simulation system according to claim 1. The earthquake response analysis result by the earthquake response analysis circuit includes displacement, acceleration, and speed of each floor of the building,
The disaster information calculated by the disaster information calculation circuit includes seismic intensity, long-period ground motion, maximum displacement, and maximum acceleration of each floor of the building, and a maximum displacement angle between the floors. The building damage estimation simulation system according to claim 2.   The building damage according to any one of claims 1 to 3, further comprising a damage degree estimation circuit that estimates a damage degree of the building from the damage information calculated by the damage information calculation circuit. Estimation simulation system.   The building damage estimation simulation system according to claim 4, further comprising a damage degree presentation circuit that presents a damage degree estimated by the damage degree estimation circuit. A design building model generation step for generating a design building model that formulates the movement of the building due to the earthquake based on the value of the structural design parameter extracted from the design book of the estimation simulation target building;
A known earthquake data acquisition step for acquiring earthquake data relating to a known earthquake;
A position setting step for setting a distance and a direction from the building to the position where the known earthquake occurred,
A ground acceleration calculation step for calculating a ground acceleration according to the distance and the direction based on the earthquake data;
An earthquake response analysis step of inputting the ground acceleration calculated in the ground acceleration calculation step into the design building model and performing an earthquake response analysis of the design building model;
Damage information calculation step for calculating the damage information of the building using the earthquake response analysis result and the ground acceleration, and
A building damage estimation simulation method characterized by comprising:

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