JP2019039225A - Demolition method - Google Patents

Abstract

To provide a demolition method for high-rise buildings, etc. that can reduce the influence of wind.SOLUTION: When disassembling a multi-storey building 1, the top of the building 1 including the top floor is cured with a curing material 20, and the slab is cut, drilled and asbestos removed at floors 11, 12 and 13 below the top of the building 1. On the top floor of the building 1, a member unit 3 including the cut slab is lifted by a tower crane 6 and dropped in a cavity 15 in the building 1. Since the cutting and the like of the slab are performed prior to the surrounding being surrounded by the building 1 before dismantling, it is possible to prevent dust and the like from scattering outside. Since the lifting and lowering of the member unit 3 is performed using the cavity 15 in the building 1, there is no influence of the wind and there is no risk that the member unit 3 falls or collides with the building 1 or the like.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 1

Description

  The present invention relates to a method for dismantling a high-rise building or the like.

  As a method for dismantling a high-rise building, there is a method in which members such as slabs, columns, and beams on the top floor are cut in units, and the cut members are suspended on the ground outside the building by a tower crane or the like (for example, Patent Document 1, 2). In this case, since members such as slabs, columns, beams and the like are collectively cut and suspended as a unit, the cutting work can be reduced and the dismantling work can be proceeded quickly.

JP 2012-31705 A JP-A-8-28068

  However, when a high-rise building is demolished by such a method, it is easily affected by wind. For example, in the dismantling method described above, the slab is cut with a load cutter or the like on the top floor, so that dust and the like are easily scattered around under the influence of the wind, and dust is scattered such as covering the top of the top floor with a cover material. Countermeasures are required.

  In addition, since the member is also affected by the wind when the member is suspended, the risk of the member falling or colliding with a building or the like is not zero and requires careful operation. Therefore, it takes time and cost for the dismantling work.

  This invention is made | formed in view of said problem, and it aims at providing the demolition method of high-rise buildings etc. which can reduce the influence of a wind.

  The present invention for solving the aforementioned problems is a dismantling method for dismantling a multi-storey building, wherein dismantling of the dismantling floor including the member is performed by removing the member including the cut slab, and the dismantling is performed. The dismantling method is characterized in that the slab is cut in advance on the floor below the floor.

  In the present invention, in removing the member including the cut slab of the building demolition floor and dismantling the demolition floor, the cutting process of the slab in which dust or the like may be scattered outside the building by the wind, from the demolition floor Since it is carried out in advance in the building before demolition on the lower floor, it is possible to prevent dust and the like from being scattered outside. In addition, there is almost no work that involves the risk of dust scattering on the demolished floor, and almost no dust scattering countermeasures are required.

The demolition floor is, for example, the top floor of the building.
Since the dismantling on the top floor is easily affected by wind, it is particularly suitable for applying the present invention.

It is desirable that the member is lifted and removed by a crane, and the member is suspended in a substantially vertical cavity formed in the building.
In the present invention, since the member can be suspended in the cavity in the building, the member is not affected by the wind, and the risk of the member falling or colliding with the building due to the influence of the wind. Nor.

It is desirable to form a penetrating part in the slab in advance on the floor below the dismantling floor.
By forming a through-hole such as a hole in the slab, preparation can be made such as making a hole in the steel beam under the slab using the hole. This process, which may be scattered, is also performed in advance inside the building before dismantling, so that dust and the like can be prevented from being scattered outside during work.

  The present invention can provide a method for dismantling a high-rise building or the like that can reduce the influence of wind.

The figure which shows the building 1. FIG. The figure shown about the dismantling procedure of each floor of the building. The figure shown about the cutting | disconnection of the slab 30. FIG. The figure shown about the drilling of the slab 30, and suspension preparation. The figure shown about suspension etc. of the member unit 3. FIG. The figure shown about suspension etc. of the member unit 3. FIG. The figure shown about suspension etc. of the member unit 3. FIG. The figure shown about suspension etc. of the member unit 3. FIG.

  Hereinafter, preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings.

(1. Outline of dismantling method)
Fig.1 (a) is a figure which shows the building 1 which demolishes by the demolition method which concerns on embodiment of this invention. The building 1 is a high-rise building composed of a plurality of floors composed of slabs, columns, beams, and the like. In this embodiment, the top floor 10 (the rooftop floor) of the building 1 is a dismantling floor for dismantling. That is, the outer periphery of the top including the top floor 10 is cured with a curing material 20, a soundproof sheet, and a net, and the members 3 such as slabs, columns, and beams are removed from the top floor 10 for each unit and suspended on the ground. The top floor 10 of the building 1 is demolished. The curing material 20 is also used for removing the exterior material of the building 1 as an external curing scaffold. Hereinafter, the unitized member 3 may be referred to as a member unit 3.

  If the top floor 10 of the building 1 is demolished, the floor immediately below becomes the new top floor 10, so that the top floor 10 is also demolished in the same manner. By sequentially dismantling the floor that has become the top floor 10 in this way, the height of the building 1 is lowered as shown in FIG. 1B, and the curing material 20 and the like are lowered accordingly.

  The member unit 3 is suspended and suspended by a crane provided on the side of the building 1. Although the tower crane 6 is used in the present embodiment, the present invention is not limited to this, and a mobile crane may be used depending on site conditions, the height of the building 1 and the like.

  In the present embodiment, as shown in FIG. 1 (a), the member unit 3 is suspended from the ground in a substantially vertical cavity 15 formed in advance in the building 1 prior to the dismantling work. By crushing with a heavy machine (not shown), the member unit 3 is subdivided and carried outside. The cavity 15 can be formed in a range including the position where the elevator shaft is located by using an elevator shaft or the like originally in the building 1.

  Thus, by suspending the member unit 3 using the cavity 15 inside the building 1, the influence of wind on the suspension of the member unit 3 can be prevented. Moreover, since crushing of the member unit 3 is performed inside the building 1 before dismantling, dust or the like is not scattered outside the building 1.

  On the floor below the top of the building 1 cured with the curing material 20 or the like, asbestos removal, asbestos removal, slab cutting, and slab drilling for suspension preparation are performed in advance. Is called. Therefore, the work performed on the top floor 10 of the building 1 is mainly the lifting and hanging of the member unit 3, and there is almost no risk that dust or the like is generated.

  In the example of FIG. 1A, slab drilling is performed on the floor 11, slab cutting is performed on the floor 12, and asbestos is removed on the floor 13. Asbestos removal, slab cutting and drilling are performed in order from the upper floor to the lower floor, respectively. When viewed on each floor, asbestos removal (S1) and slab cutting (S2) as shown in FIG. ), Drilling the slab (S3), and lifting the member unit 3 after the floor becomes the top floor 10 and hanging it down (S4) are sequentially performed.

  Therefore, in the example of FIG. 1 (a), asbestos removal, slab cutting, and drilling have already been performed from the top floor 10 to the floor 11, and the rest of the member unit 3 is simply suspended and suspended. State.

  The floor 11 where the slab is drilled and the floor 12 where the slab is cut, and the floor 12 where the slab is cut and the floor 13 where the asbestos is removed are left at least one floor apart. This is to avoid the risk of dust, dismantling pieces, etc. generated in the work on the upper floor falling to the floor immediately below.

(2. Cutting and drilling slab 30)
FIG. 3 is a view showing the cutting of the slab 30. In the present embodiment, each floor of the building 1 has a concrete slab 30 and a steel column 36, and a deck plate 32 and a steel beam 33 are provided below the slab 30. The deck plate 32 is integrated with the slab 30, and each floor is surrounded by an exterior material 37. Steel materials such as H-section steel are used for the steel beam 33 and the steel column 36. The steel beam 33 has a large beam and a small beam, but may not have a small beam.

  In this embodiment, the slab 30 and the deck plate 32 therebelow are cut by a load cutter or the like (not shown). At this time, both ends of the slab 30 in the cutting range B are cut obliquely (see line A) in a vertical cross section (for example, the cross section shown in FIG. 3) along at least one plane, and the slab 30 in the cutting range B The cross section is supported by the surrounding slab 30 as a trapezoid whose lower side is shorter than the upper side. The large beam of the steel beam 33 is left as it is to support the upper load. When there is a small beam, an appropriate portion for suspending as a member unit 3 described later is cut at the time of slab cutting or before that.

  FIG. 4 is a diagram illustrating drilling of the slab 30 and preparation for suspension. As shown in FIG. 4A, in this embodiment, the concrete of the slab 30 is crushed to form a hole 31 (penetrating portion) that penetrates the slab 30 in the thickness direction, and then, as shown in FIG. As shown, the deck plate 32 under the slab 30 is cut to expose the steel beam 33 below it. In this example, the steel beam 33 is H-shaped steel, and as shown in FIG. 4C, it is also possible to cut a flange and form a suspension hole 331 serving as a suspension point below the flange. The suspension hole 331 may be formed in the web without cutting out the flange.

  Since the work of cutting and drilling the slab 30 is performed in a state where the surroundings of the floors 11 and 12 are covered with the exterior material 37 etc. inside the building 1 before dismantling, there is a risk that dust etc. will be scattered outside the building 1 No.

  Similarly, since the asbestos removal work is performed in a state where the periphery of the floor 13 is covered with the exterior material 37 and the like inside the building 1 before dismantling, there is no risk that dust or the like is scattered outside the building 1.

(3. Lifting of the member unit 3 etc.)
On the top floor 10 of the building 1, the member unit 3 is suspended and suspended. The member unit 3 includes a slab 30 cut as shown in FIG. 5A. The slab 30 is lifted and transported by the tower crane 6 and is suspended in the cavity 15 to the ground. As described above, the deck plate 32 is integrated with the slab 30, and these are hereinafter simply referred to as the slab 30. However, the deck plate 32 may not be included depending on the structure type of the building 1.

  When the member unit 3 is suspended from the top floor 10, the wire 51 attached to the suspension frame 5 is passed through the hole 31 of the slab 30 as shown in FIG. 5B and hung on the suspension hole 331 of the steel beam 33. The frame 5 is lifted from the tip of the tower crane 6. FIG. 5B is a vertical cross section along the line aa in FIG.

  As a method for suspending the member unit 3, in addition to this, as shown in FIG. 6A, a plurality of temporary support members 34, 34 are attached to the slab 30 at intervals, and these temporary support members 34, 34 are attached. May be used for lifting. In this example, as shown in FIG. 6B, holes 341 are provided in the temporary support members 34, 34, and the attachment members 35 are attached to the holes 341 of the temporary support members 34, 34, and the wires 35 are attached to the attachment members 35. Connect 51 and lift from above. FIG. 6B is a vertical cross section along the line bb in FIG.

  Alternatively, the wire 51 can be directly passed over the holes 341 of the temporary support members 34 and 34 as shown in FIG. In some cases, the holes 341 are not provided in the temporary support members 34 and 34. For example, in the example of FIG. 7B, the wire 51 is rotated under the temporary support members 34 and 34 and used for lifting. In the example of FIG. 7C, the attachment material 35a is attached below the temporary support materials 34 and 34, and the wire 51 is connected to the attachment material 35a and lifted from above. The attachment member 35a can be stably lifted by fixing or preventing the temporary support members 34, 34 from being fixed to the temporary support members 34, 34 by a fixing means (not shown) such as a wire, a bolt, or a stopper, or a stopper.

  In the example of FIGS. 6 and 7, the member unit 3 can be stably lifted without shifting the planar position of the wire 51 by passing the wire 51 through the notch 31 a provided in the slab 30. Also in the example of FIG. 5, a notch 31 a can be provided instead of the hole 31. Like the hole 31, the notch 31a is a penetrating portion that penetrates the slab 30 in the thickness direction, and can be formed in the drilling step of S3 in FIG. However, the means for preventing the wire 51 from shifting is not limited to the notch 31a.

  In this embodiment, the cutting line A of the slab 30, the position of drilling, etc. are planned so that the suspension frame 5 can be diverted between the some member units 3 as much as possible. For example, if planning is made so that the drilling positions of the slab 30 (positions of the holes 31 and the notches 31 a) are approximately the same among the plurality of member units 3, the suspension frame 5 is placed between these member units 3. It becomes easy to divert.

  In the example of FIG. 5, the steel beam 33 is a small beam, but when there is a large beam, it can be lifted using a large beam (steel beam 33) instead of the temporary support members 34, 34. It is necessary to cut an appropriate portion of the girder before the member unit 3 is lifted, but the hole 31 or the notch 31a is formed at a position corresponding to the portion in order to cut the girder from the top floor 10. It is also possible to form.

  FIG. 8A is an example of the outer periphery of the plane of the uppermost floor 10 where the member unit 3 is suspended, and the cutting line A of the slab 30 is indicated by a solid line. Further, the steel beam 33 under the slab 30 shows only the large beam with a dotted line, and in this example, the cutting line A is formed along the large beam.

  In the present embodiment, for example, the member unit 3 shown in FIG. 8A that does not include a large beam (indicated by reference numeral 3a) is first suspended and suspended to the state shown in FIG. 8B. Thereafter, the member unit 3 including the large beam (indicated by reference numeral 3b) is suspended and suspended to obtain the state shown in FIG. 8C. The remaining steel beam 33, steel column 36, exterior material 37, and the like are also sequentially cut for each divided unit, suspended by the tower crane 6, and suspended in the cavity 15 to the ground. The top floor 10 is disassembled by performing the above operation on all the planes of the top floor 10. Which part to be dismantled first can be determined by the structure of the building 1 or the like, and is not particularly limited.

  As described above, in the present embodiment, when the member unit 3 including the cut slab 30 of the top floor 10 (dismantling floor) of the building 1 is removed and the top floor 10 is dismantled, dust and dismantling pieces are generated by wind. Since the cutting process of the slab 30 that may be scattered outside the building 1 is performed in advance inside the building 1 before dismantling, dust and the like can be prevented from scattering outside. Moreover, since it is only necessary to mainly suspend and suspend the member unit 3 on the top floor 10, there is almost no work with the risk of scattering dust and the like, and the top floor 10 is easily affected by wind. However, almost no dust scattering measures are required. However, it is possible to take measures against dust scattering by, for example, spreading a cover material horizontally on the top floor 10, and in this case, there is an advantage that simple measures can be taken.

  In this embodiment, by preparing a penetration part such as a hole 31 in the slab 30, preparations for removal such as making a suspension hole 331 in the steel beam 33 below the slab 30 using the hole 31 are made. However, in this embodiment, since this process in which dust or the like may be scattered outside the building 1 by the wind is also performed in advance inside the building 1 before dismantling, the dust or the like is scattered outside during the work. Can be prevented.

  Similarly, in the present embodiment, the asbestos removal process in which dust or the like may be scattered outside the building 1 by the wind is also performed in advance inside the building before dismantling, so that dust or the like is also exposed to the outside during the work. It can be prevented from scattering.

  Further, noise is generated in processes such as cutting, drilling, and removing asbestos of the slab 30, but in this embodiment, these processes are performed in a state where the periphery is enclosed inside the building 1, so that noise is reduced to the surroundings. Also has a big effect. It is also possible to shorten the work period by proceeding in parallel on different floors. In addition, after removing asbestos once in all the floors (S1 of FIG. 2), you may perform the process of S2-S4 of FIG. In this case, the removal of asbestos (S1) and the other steps (S2 to S4) are not performed in parallel when the building 1 is dismantled.

  Furthermore, in this embodiment, since the member unit 3 can be suspended in the cavity 15 in the building 1, the member unit 3 falls without being affected by the wind without being affected by the wind. There is no risk of crashing or colliding with the building 1 or the like.

  However, the present invention is not limited to this. For example, the shape, structure, size, etc. of the building 1 to be demolished are not particularly limited. In this embodiment, the member unit 3 is suspended in the cavity 15 inside the building 1. However, depending on the case, the member unit 3 may be suspended outside the building 1, and the member unit 3 is lowered to the ground using a lift or the like. May be. The shape and configuration of the member unit 3 need only include the slab 30 and are not limited to the above-described example.

  Further, the disassembly procedure of the top floor 10 is not limited to that described with reference to FIG. 8 and the like, and the plane position of the cutting line A of the slab 30 is not particularly limited. These can be determined according to the structure of the building 1 or the dismantling plan. For example, the planar position of the cutting line A may be planned so that the member unit 3 includes the steel column 36.

  Furthermore, depending on the case, the floor (dismantling floor) from which the member unit 3 is removed may not be the top floor 10 of the building 1, and the curing material 20 and the like may be omitted. Even in this case, cutting or drilling of the slab 30 may be performed in advance under the dismantling floor.

  The preferred embodiments of the present invention have been described above with reference to the accompanying drawings, but the present invention is not limited to such examples. It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various changes or modifications can be conceived within the scope of the technical idea disclosed in the present application, and these are naturally within the technical scope of the present invention. Understood.

1: Building 3: Member unit 5: Hanging frame 6: Tower crane 10: Top floor 11, 12, 13: Floor 15: Cavity 20: Curing material 30: Slab 31: Hole 31a: Notch 32: Deck plate 33: Steel frame Beam 34: Temporary support material 35, 35a: Mounting material 36: Steel column 51: Wire

Claims (4)

A dismantling method for dismantling a multi-storey building,
By dismantling the member containing the cut slab, dismantling the dismantling floor containing the member,
A dismantling method characterized by cutting a slab in advance on a floor below the dismantling floor.   The demolition method according to claim 1, wherein the demolition floor is a top floor of the building.   The dismantling method according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the member is suspended and removed by a crane, and the member is suspended in a substantially vertical cavity formed in the building.   The dismantling method according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein a penetration portion is formed in the slab in advance on a floor below the dismantling floor.

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