JP2019036962A - Antenna and communication device - Google Patents

Abstract

To provide a WLAN communication antenna that can be easily mounted and that is small in size.SOLUTION: An antenna includes a power feeding element 1 and at least one non-power feeding element 2. A vertical distance between each non-power feeding element and the power feeding element 1 is within a designated threshold. Each non-power feeding element 2 is configured by a grounded first conductor 21, a regulator circuit 22, and a control switch arranged on the first conductor and that controls the regulator circuit. When the regulator circuit is enabled, the non-power feeding element forms a reflector. When the regulator circuit is disabled, the non-power feeding element 2 forms a wave director. When the reflector and the wave director are switched, switching of an antenna beam is quickly completed.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 1

Description

  The present application relates to the field of information technology, and in particular to antennas and communication devices.

  Wireless local area networks (WLANs) are widely applied in homes, offices, and other indoor / outdoor environments. However, in indoor environments such as homes and offices, the horizontal coverage area and through-wall performance of installed WLAN communication devices, such as access points (also called hot spots), are important indicators that affect WLAN performance. Therefore, an adaptive switched beam smart antenna having a high directivity gain is extremely important in a WLAN communication device.

  The following methods are currently available for implementing smart antennas.

  1. Different antennas or antenna arrays are selected by using radio frequency switches to perform radiation. The radiation directions of the antenna or antenna array are different from each other, thereby realizing switching of the antenna beam of the system.

  2. The device and the feed network are connected by using a control switch, and different devices are selected by turning the control switch on or off to perform radiation. The radiation directions of the different elements are different from each other, whereby a beam switching is realized.

  3. By using a control switch, reflectors in different directions are selected and connected, thereby realizing beam switching.

  However, these solutions have problems such that the antenna directivity gain is only slightly improved compared to the omnidirectional gain, and that the antenna array is difficult to incorporate and integrate due to its large size.

  The present application provides an antenna and a communication device to improve the communication efficiency of a WLAN communication device.

According to a first aspect, an antenna is provided, the antenna including a feeding element and at least one parasitic element, wherein a vertical distance between each parasitic element and the feeding element is within a specified threshold value, Each parasitic element includes a grounded first conductor, a regulator circuit, and a control switch disposed on the first conductor and configured to control the regulator circuit, wherein the regulator circuit includes a current of the parasitic element Configured to adjust the path length,
When the control switch is turned off, current flows through the first conductor and the regulator circuit, and the current path length of the non-feed element is longer than the resonance length of the feed element, or the control switch is turned on. The current flows through the first conductor and the control switch, and the current path length of the non-feeding element becomes shorter than the resonance length of the feeding element.

  In the above technical solution, the current path length of the non-feed element and the distance between the non-feed element and the feed element are controlled, so that when the control switch is turned off and the regulator circuit is enabled, The element forms a reflector, or the parasitic element forms a director when the control switch is turned on and the regulator circuit is disabled. A design where the reflector and the director are compatible is used, so that a combination of one feed element (feed dipole), M directors, and N reflectors is implemented as an antenna, A high directivity gain and interference suppression capability is achieved (where M + N> = 1 and M + N = number of parasitic elements). In addition, antenna beam switching can be completed quickly when the reflector and director are switched, featuring easy mounting and small size.

  In a particular implementation solution, the first conductor includes a first lower conductor and a second lower conductor, and the two ends of the control switch are connected to the first lower conductor and the second lower conductor, respectively, When the regulator circuit includes a second conductor and the two ends of the second conductor are connected to the first lower conductor and the second lower conductor, respectively, and the control switch is turned on, the first lower conductor Communicates with the second lower conductor through the control switch, or when the control switch is turned off, the first lower conductor communicates with the second lower conductor through the second conductor. The current path length of the non-feed element can be changed by using the second conductor. The second conductor is a segment of a metal conductor. When the second conductor is added to the first conductor, the increased current path length is the length of the second conductor. Furthermore, the shape of the second conductor is not limited. Either a linear or arc shape or another shape can be used. The current path length applied to the first conductor is only affected by the length of the second conductor. The first lower conductor and the second lower conductor are again segments of metal conductor. Its shape is not limited and different lengths can be used. For example, in a particular implementation solution, the second conductor is a U-shaped bent structure.

  In certain implementation solutions, when the control switch is turned on, the current path length of the non-feed element is longer than λ / 4 and longer than the resonance length of the feed element, or when the control switch is turned off. The current path length of the non-feed element is shorter than λ / 4 and shorter than the resonance length of the feed element, where λ is an intermediate wavelength of the feed element.

  In a particular implementation solution, the two ends of the control switch have separate connection points, and one end of the first lower conductor and one end of the second conductor are one end of the control switch. The one end of the second lower conductor and the other end of the second conductor are fixed to the connection point at the other end of the control switch. This facilitates the connection of the second conductor and ensures that the current path length through which the current flows can be equal to the length of the first conductor and the second conductor. Therefore, the total current path length can be determined directly by the lengths of the first conductor and the second conductor.

  In certain implementation solutions, a matching network is provided on the second conductor. The current path length applied to the first conductor by the second conductor is adjusted by using a matching network provided.

  In a particular implementation solution, the matching network is an inductor or a capacitor and an inductor connected in series. In actual use, different current path lengths can be selected and used according to different requirements.

  In a particular implementation solution, the specified threshold is between 0.2λ and 0.25λ, where λ is the intermediate wavelength of the feed element. In particular settings, the distance from the non-feed element to the feed element can use a different distance such as 0.2λ, 0.21λ, 0.22λ, 0.23λ, 0.24λ, or 0.25λ.

  In a particular implementation solution, when the regulator circuit is disabled, the current path length of the parasitic element is between 0.21λ and 0.24λ. That is, when the regulator circuit is disabled, the current path length of the non-feed element is different and may be, for example, 0.21λ, 0.22λ, 0.23λ, or 0.24λ. When the regulator circuit is enabled, the current path length of the non-feed element enters 0.26λ to 0.28λ, where λ is the intermediate wavelength of the feed element. That is, when the regulator circuit is enabled, the current path length of the non-feed element is different and may be, for example, 0.26λ, 0.27λ, or 0.28λ.

  In a particular implementation solution, the number of non-feed elements is 4, and the four non-feed elements are arranged around the feed elements. By enabling and disabling the regulator circuit on the four parasitic elements, different numbers of reflectors and directors are formed, thereby improving directional gain and interference suppression capability.

  In a particular implementation solution, the four parasitic elements form a ring shape and are evenly arranged.

  According to a second aspect, a communication device is provided, the communication device including an antenna according to any one of the above implementations.

  In the above technical solution, the current path length of the parasitic element and the distance between the parasitic element and the feeder element are controlled, so that when the regulator circuit is enabled, the parasitic element forms a reflector. Alternatively, the parasitic element forms a director when the regulator circuit is disabled. A design where the reflector and the director are compatible is used, so that a combination of one feed element (feed dipole), M directors, and N reflectors is implemented as an antenna, A high directivity gain and interference suppression capability is achieved (where M + N> = 1 and M + N = number of parasitic elements). In addition, antenna beam switching can be completed quickly when the reflector and director are switched, featuring easy mounting and small size.

1 is a schematic structural diagram of an antenna according to the present application. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a regulator circuit according to the present application. FIG. It is a conceptual diagram of the non-feed element which functions as a reflector by this application. It is a conceptual diagram of the parasitic element which functions as a director by this application. FIG. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of another regulator circuit according to the present application. FIG. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of another antenna according to the present application. FIG. 7 is an omnidirectional simulation diagram of the structure of the antenna shown in FIG. FIG. 7 is a directivity simulation diagram of the antenna structure shown in FIG.

  In order to make the purposes, technical solutions and advantages of the present application clearer, the application is further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

  As shown in FIG. 1, embodiments of the present application provide an antenna. The antenna includes a feeding element 1 and at least one non-feeding element 2. The vertical distance between each non-feed element 2 and the feed element 1 is within a specified threshold, and each non-feed element 2 is on the grounded first conductor 21, regulator circuit 22, and first conductor 21. And a control switch 23 configured to control the regulator circuit 22, and the regulator circuit 22 is configured to adjust the current path length of the non-feed element 2.

  When the control switch 23 is turned off, current flows through the first conductor 21 and the regulator circuit 22, and the current path length of the non-feed element 2 becomes longer than the resonance length of the feed element 1, or the control switch 23 When is turned on, current flows through the first conductor 21 and the control switch 23, and the current path length of the non-feed element 2 becomes shorter than the resonance length of the feed element 1.

  The feeding element 1 may be a different type of antenna, specifically, for example, an element antenna or a planar inverted F antenna (PIFA).

  In the above solution, the functions of the reflector and the director are implemented by using a parasitic element 2. When the non-feed element 2 switches between the two component operating modes, the regulator circuit 22 is used to implement the control. When the regulator circuit 22 is connected to the first conductor 21, the total current path length of the first conductor 21 increases. In this case, the non-feed element 2 functions as a reflector. When the regulator circuit 22 is not connected to the first conductor 21, the current path length of the first conductor 21 is shorter than the resonance length of the feed element 1. In this case, the non-feed element 2 functions as a director. In the following, the operating principle of the non-feed element 2 will be described in detail.

  The non-feeding element in FIG. 1 is grounded, and the feeding element 1 is in the center of FIG. The vertical distance between the non-feed element 2 and the feed element 1 is within the specified threshold. The specified threshold is 0.2λ to 0.25λ, where λ is the intermediate wavelength of the feed element 1. In a specific setting, the distance from the non-feed element 2 to the feed element 1 is 0.2λ, 0.21λ, provided that the distance between the non-feed element 2 and the feed element 1 falls within 0.2λ to 0.25λ. Different distances such as 0.22λ, 0.23λ, 0.24λ, or 0.25λ can be used, where λ is the intermediate wavelength of the feed element 1 and the resonant length of the feed element 1 is approximately 1 / wavelength. 4 (ie, λ / 4). In a specific use, when the current path length of the non-feed element 2 is slightly longer than the resonance length, the non-feed element 2 is inductive and the current is 90 ° behind the voltage. The 90 ° phase difference caused by the path difference between the feed element 1 and the non-feed element 2 cancels out the phase difference caused by the non-feed element 2 being inductive. Here, the path difference occurs because the non-feeding element 2 faces the direction of the feeding element 1. Accordingly, the radiation fields of the non-feed element 2 and the feed element 1 in this direction are superimposed and strengthened. Similarly, in the opposite direction, the 90 ° phase difference caused by the path difference between the feed element 1 and the non-feed element 2 and the phase difference caused by the non-feed element 2 being inductive are superimposed on 180 °. . Accordingly, the radiation fields of the non-feed element 2 and the feed element 1 in this direction are canceled out, the electric field in one direction is strengthened, and the electric field in one direction is weakened, thereby forming a directional beam. In this mode, the non-feed element 2 acts as a reflector by applying a reflection action to the beam.

  When the current path length of the non-feed element 2 is slightly shorter than the resonance length, the non-feed element 2 is separated from the feed element 1 by approximately 1/4 wavelength. The non-feed element 2 is capacitive, and the current is advanced by 90 ° from the voltage. The 90 ° phase difference caused by the path difference between the feeding element 1 and the non-feeding element 2 and the phase difference caused by the non-feeding element 2 being capacitive are superimposed on 180 °. Here, the path difference occurs because the non-feeding element 2 faces the direction of the feeding element 1. Therefore, the radiation fields of the non-feed element 2 and the feed element 1 in this direction are canceled out. Similarly, in the opposite direction, the 90 ° phase difference caused by the path difference between the feed element 1 and the non-feed element 2 and the phase difference caused by the non-feed element 2 being capacitive are canceled out. Therefore, the radiation fields of the non-feed element 2 and the feed element 1 in this direction are superimposed. In this case, the non-feed element 2 functions as a waveguide by causing the beam to function as a waveguide.

  The adjustment is performed by using a regulator circuit 22 when the current path length of the non-feed element 2 is specifically adjusted. As shown in FIG. 1, the parasitic element 2 disposed in this embodiment includes two parts, and one part is a first conductor 21 having a constant current path length, and the other part. Is a regulator circuit 22 having a constant current path length. The first conductor 21 includes two parts, which are a first lower conductor 211 and a second lower conductor 212, respectively. Two ends of the control switch 23 are connected to the first lower conductor 211 and the second lower conductor 212, respectively. As shown in FIG. 2, the first lower conductor 211 and the second lower conductor 212 are connected in a straight bar-like structure. The structure that affects the current path length of the first conductor 21 is in the length in which current flows on the first conductor 21, and the shape of the first conductor 21 is not limited. Therefore, the shape of the first conductor 21 is not limited to the one shape described above, and may be any other shape such as a box shape, a spiral shape, or a wave shape. Correspondingly, the first lower conductor 211 and the second lower conductor 212 may use the above-described shape. In addition, the first lower conductor 211 and the second lower conductor 212 are connected by using a control switch 23 that controls the availability of the regulator circuit 22. When the control switch 23 is turned off, the first lower conductor 211 and the second lower conductor 212 are not in direct communication. When the control switch 23 is turned on, the first lower conductor 211 and the second lower conductor 212 are in direct communication.

  The regulator circuit 22 of the non-feeding element 2 includes at least one second conductor 221. Two ends of the second conductor 221 are connected to the first lower conductor 211 and the second lower conductor 212, respectively. The current path length of the second conductor 221 is used to adjust the value of the current path length of the non-feed element 2. As shown in FIG. 3, when the control switch 23 is turned off, the first lower conductor 211 communicates with the second lower conductor 212 through the second conductor 22. A straight line having an arrow in FIG. 3 illustrates the current path length. When the current path length of the second conductor 221 is added to the first conductor 21, the current path length of the non-feed element 2 is equal to the current path length of the first conductor 21 and the current path length of the second conductor 221. It is sum. As shown in FIG. 4, the control switch 23 is turned on, and the first lower conductor 211 communicates with the second lower conductor 212 through the control switch 23. A straight line having an arrow in FIG. 4 illustrates the current path length. The current on the non-feed element 2 flows through the control switch 23 and the first conductor 21. In this case, the current path length is the sum of the current path length of the first conductor 21 and the current path length on the control switch 23. Whether the second conductor 221 is added to the first conductor 21 is controlled by setting the control switch 23. When the control switch 23 is turned on, the regulator circuit 22 is disabled, the first lower conductor 211 communicates with the second lower conductor 212, and the current flows through the first lower conductor 211 and the second lower conductor. Flows through 212. In this case, the current flowing through the second conductor 221 is very small and can be almost ignored. Therefore, the current path length of the non-feed element 2 is the sum of the current path length of the first conductor 21 and the current path length on the control switch 23. When the control switch 23 is turned off, the regulator circuit 22 is enabled, the first lower conductor 211, the second conductor 221, and the second lower conductor 212 are in communication, and the current is the first lower conductor 211. , Through the second conductor 221, and the second lower conductor 212. Therefore, the current path length of the non-feed element 2 is the current path length of the first conductor 21 plus the current path length of the second conductor 221. In a specific usage mode, the control switch 23 may be a PIN diode. On / off of the control switch 23 is controlled by using a communication device corresponding to the antenna. Specifically, the communication device analyzes the received signal transmitted by the terminal by using an adaptive algorithm, obtains the position of the terminal, and a control signal to turn on some PIN diodes As a result, the non-feed element 2 in this portion becomes a waveguide, and another non-feed element 2 becomes a reflector. The antenna is switched to a directional antenna having a direction with the greatest radiation facing the terminal.

  It can be seen from the above that the current path length of the non-feed element 2 can be adjusted by using the current path length of the second conductor 221. Therefore, in the design, only the current path length of the first conductor 21 and the current path length of the second conductor 221 need to be controlled, so that the current path length of the first conductor 21 is λ / 4 The current path length of the first conductor 21 plus the current path length of the second conductor 221 is longer than λ / 4 and the resonance length of the feed element 1. Thus, the parasitic element 2 can function as either a reflector or a director, and switching between the two modes of the parasitic element 2 is implemented by changing the operating state of the control switch 23 .

  During a particular setting, when the parasitic element 2 functions as a director, the control switch 23 is then turned on and current flows through the first conductor 21 and the control switch 23 and the parasitic element 2 The current path length is shorter than the resonance length of the feed element 1. In a more specific mounting solution, the current path length of the non-feed element 2 is shorter than λ / 4 and shorter than the resonant length of the feed element 1, where λ is the intermediate wavelength of the feed element. For example, the current path length of the non-feed element 2 is in the range of 0.21λ to 0.24λ. In this case, the current path length of the non-feed element 2 is the current path length of the first conductor 21. That is, the current path length of the first conductor 21 is limited to 0.21λ to 0.24λ. For example, the current path length of the first conductor 21 is different and may be, for example, 0.21λ, 0.22λ, 0.23λ, or 0.24λ. In this case, the current path length of the non-feed element 2 is different, for example, 0.21λ, 0.22λ, 0.23λ, or 0.24λ.

  In addition, when the non-feed element 2 functions as a reflector, the current path length of the non-feed element 2 is longer than the resonance length of the feed element 1. That is, when the control switch 23 is turned off, a current flows through the first conductor 21 and the regulator circuit 22, and the current path length of the first conductor 21 and the regulator circuit 22 is greater than the resonance length of the feed element 1. Also gets longer. In a more specific mounting solution, the current path length of the non-feed element 2 is longer than λ / 4 and longer than the resonance length of the feed element 1. For example, the current path length of the non-feed element 2 is in the range of 0.26λ to 0.28λ. That is, when the regulator circuit 22 is enabled, the current path length of the non-feed element 2 is different, and may be 0.26λ, 0.27λ, or 0.28λ, for example. When the non-feed element 2 functions as a reflector, the current path length of the non-feed element 2 is the length of the current path length of the first conductor 21 plus the current path length of the second conductor 221. Since the current path length of the first conductor 21 falls within 0.21λ to 0.24λ, the current path length of the second conductor 221 falls within 0.03λ to 0.07λ, for example, 0.03λ, 0.04λ, 0.05λ, 0.06. It falls within a different current path length such as λ or 0.07λ.

  It can be seen from FIG. 2 that the first conductor 21 uses two metal segments, and the two metal segments are the first lower conductor 211 and the second lower conductor 212, respectively. The regulator circuit 22 uses a second conductor 221 to conduct electricity, and the second conductor 221 is again a segment of a metal conductor. In this case, when the second conductor 221 is added to the first conductor 21, the increased current path length is the length of the second conductor 221. Further, the shape of the second conductor 221 is not limited. Either a linear or arc shape or another shape can be used. As shown in FIG. 2, the second conductor 221 has a U-shaped bent structure. The length of the second conductor 221 is the only factor that affects the length of the current path applied to the first conductor 21. Certainly, the current path length of the regulator circuit 22 may be further limited in another manner. As shown in FIG. 5, the regulator circuit 22 further includes a matching network 222. The matching network 222 is provided on the second conductor 221 and is configured to change the current path length of the non-feed element 2. In certain settings, the matching network 222 may be a capacitor, an inductor, or a capacitor and an inductor connected in series. For example, when current flows through an inductor, it is equivalent to the current passing through a very long path. Therefore, the current path length of the non-feed element 2 can be changed by using the arranged inductor.

  When the second conductor 221 and the first conductor 21 are connected, the two ends of the second conductor 221 are connected to the first lower conductor 211 and the second lower conductor 212, respectively. However, the position where the second conductor 221 is connected to the first lower conductor 211 and the second lower conductor 212 directly affects the current path length of all the non-feed elements 2. If the position at which the second conductor 221 and the first lower conductor 211 are connected is a distance from the position at which the first lower conductor 211 and the control switch 23 are connected, this for the first lower conductor 211 The distance is not included in the current circulation when the control switch 23 is turned off. In this case, when the current path length is calculated according to the length of the first lower conductor 211, the actual current path length of the non-feed element 2 is shorter than the calculated current path length. Therefore, after the position at which the second conductor 221 is connected to the first lower conductor 211 and the second lower conductor 212 is determined, that of the first conductor 21 and actually included in the current path length The part that is the thing is then determined. The length of the first lower conductor 211 and the length of the second lower conductor 212 are varied to compensate for the effects caused by the location of the connection of the second conductor 221. Alternatively, in a particular setting, the two ends of the control switch 23 have separate connection points, and one end of the first lower conductor 211 and one end of the second conductor 221 are connected to the control switch 23. The one end of the second lower conductor 212 and the other end of the second conductor 221 are fixed to the connection point at the other end of the control switch 23. . This facilitates connection of the second conductor 221. In addition, all parts of the first lower conductor 211 and the second lower conductor 212 are used as the current path length, and the current path length through which the current passes is the length of the first conductor 21 and the second conductor 221. To be able to be equivalent. In this case, the total current path length may be directly limited according to the lengths of the first conductor 21 and the second conductor 221.

  In order to facilitate an understanding of the antenna provided in this embodiment, the antenna is described in detail below using a specific embodiment. As shown in FIG. 6, the number of the non-feed elements 2 is 4, and the four non-feed elements 2 are arranged so as to surround the feed element 1. By enabling and disabling the regulator circuit 22 on the four parasitic elements 2, different numbers of reflectors and directors are formed, thereby improving directional gain and interference suppression capability . In a specific setting, the four non-feed elements 2 form a ring shape and are evenly arranged.

  Referring to FIG. 6, the central feeding element is a feeding element, and there are four non-feeding elements (2A, 2B, 2C, and 2D) around the horizontal plane of the feeding element. Each parasitic element uses the above-described invention. When the control switches 23 of all the non-feed elements are turned on, the resulting antenna is an omnidirectional antenna. The directivity diagram is an omnidirectional diagram, and the simulation diagram is shown in FIG. When the control switch 23 of the non-feed element 2A is turned on and the control switch 23 of the non-feed elements 2B, 2C, and 2D is turned off, the non-feed element 2A functions as a director, and the beam of the feed element And the non-feed elements 2B, 2C, and 2D function as reflectors to reflect the beam of the feed element. The director and reflector work simultaneously, which results in a directional beam with strong directivity and backlobe suppression. The antenna obtained in this case is a directional antenna, and a simulation diagram thereof is shown in FIG. Therefore, by selecting and connecting control switches 23 of different parasitic elements, we obtain directional beams of different orientations, ie different directional antennas, thereby implementing an adaptive smart antenna with high gain be able to.

  Refer to FIG. 6 again. In FIG. 6, the orientation of the regulator circuits of the parasitic elements 2A, 2B, 2C, and 2D can be arbitrarily set to reduce the spatial area occupied by all antennas. All of the four non-feed element regulator circuits can be oriented in the direction of the feed elements, thereby minimizing the area occupied by the antenna.

A design in which the reflector and the director are compatible is used, so that M + N = the number of parasitic elements is a combination of one feed element, M directors and N reflectors. It can be seen from the above description that it is implemented to achieve high directivity gain and interference suppression capability. In addition, the present application can quickly complete antenna beam switching by turning on different PIN diodes and can be characterized by simple and rich antenna beam selection, as well as easy implementation and small size of the antenna . In an n * n multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) multi-antenna wireless communication system, each antenna includes m parasitic elements. Thus, a MIMO system has a beam state of 2 ^{m * n} , where m is the number of antennas and n is the number of antennas. In a specific use, the communication device analyzes the received signal transmitted by the terminal by using an adaptive algorithm, obtains the position of the terminal and controls signals to turn on some PIN diodes As a result, the non-feed element 2 in this portion becomes a waveguide, and another non-feed element 2 becomes a reflector. The antenna is switched to a directional antenna having a direction with the greatest radiation facing the terminal.

  In addition, the present application further provides a communication device. The communication device includes an antenna according to any one of the above implementations.

  In the above technical solution, the current path length of the non-feed element 2 and the distance between the non-feed element 2 and the feed element 1 are controlled, so that when the regulator circuit 22 is enabled, the non-feed element 2 Forms a reflector, or the parasitic element 2 forms a waveguide when the regulator circuit 22 is disabled. A design in which the reflector and the director are compatible is used, whereby a combination of one feed element, M directors, and N reflectors is implemented as an antenna (where , M + N = number of non-feeding elements), achieving high directivity gain and interference suppression capability. In addition, when the reflector and director are switched, antenna beam switching can be completed quickly, featuring easy mounting and small size of the antenna.

  Obviously, those skilled in the art can make various modifications and variations to the present application without departing from the scope of the present application. Covering these modifications and variations of this application, provided that these modifications and variations of this application fall within the protection scope specified by the following claims and their equivalent techniques This application is intended.

1 Feeding element
2 Parasitic element
2A parasitic element
2B parasitic element
2C parasitic element
2D parasitic element
21 First conductor
22 Regulator circuit
23 Control switch
211 First lower conductor
212 Second lower conductor
221 Second conductor
222 Aligned network

Claims (12)

A first conductor and a regulator each having a feeding element and at least one non-feeding element, wherein a distance between each non-feeding element and the feeding element is within a specified threshold value A circuit, and a control switch, wherein the regulator circuit is configured to adjust a current path length of the non-feed element,
When the control switch is turned off, current flows through the first conductor and the regulator circuit, and the current path length of the non-feed element becomes longer than the resonance length of the feed element, or the control The antenna, wherein when the switch is turned on, the current flows through the first conductor and the control switch, and the current path length of the non-feed element is shorter than the resonance length of the feed element.   The first conductor includes a first lower conductor and a second lower conductor, and two ends of the control switch are connected to the first lower conductor and the second lower conductor, respectively, and the regulator circuit Comprises a second conductor, two ends of the second conductor are connected to the first lower conductor and the second lower conductor, respectively, and when the control switch is turned on, the first Is connected to the second lower conductor through the control switch, or when the control switch is turned off, the first lower conductor is connected to the second lower conductor through the second conductor. The antenna according to claim 1, wherein:   One end of the first lower conductor and one end of the second conductor are fixed to a connection point at one end of the control switch, and one end of the second lower conductor; 3. The antenna according to claim 2, wherein the other end of the second conductor is fixed to a connection point at the other end of the control switch. When the control switch is turned off, the current path length of the non-feed element is longer than λ / 4 and longer than the resonance length of the feed element,
When the control switch is turned on, the current path length of the non-feed element is shorter than λ / 4 and shorter than the resonance length of the feed element, and λ is an intermediate wavelength of the feed element The antenna according to any one of claims 1 to 3.   5. The antenna according to claim 4, wherein when the control switch is turned on, the parasitic element becomes a director.   5. The antenna according to claim 4, wherein when the control switch is turned off, the non-feed element is a reflector.   3. The antenna according to claim 2, wherein the second conductor has a U-shaped bent structure.   The antenna according to any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein the specified threshold value is 0.2λ to 0.25λ, and λ is the intermediate wavelength of the feed element. When the control switch is turned on, the regulator circuit is disabled, and the current path length of the non-feed element is 0.21λ to 0.24λ,
The regulator circuit is enabled when the control switch is turned off, the current path length of the non-feed element is 0.26λ to 0.28λ, and λ is the intermediate wavelength of the feed element. Item 9. The antenna according to any one of Items 1 to 8.   10. The antenna according to claim 1, wherein the number of the at least one non-feed element is 4, and the four non-feed elements are arranged so as to surround the feed element.   11. The antenna according to claim 10, wherein the four parasitic elements form a ring shape and are evenly arranged.   A communication device comprising the antenna according to any one of claims 1 to 11.