JP2019035289A - Telescopic hanging ladder - Google Patents

Abstract

To provide a hanging ladder which can be easily extended and used simply by suspending it, and can be easily shortened at the time of collection at the end of use to be in the short storage state.SOLUTION: A ladder basic member 101 including a pair of cylindrical support members 110 and a horizontal cross member 122 is used as a basic unit, and connected slidably in sequence from the uppermost ladder basic member 101 to the lowermost ladder basic member 101 in the axial direction of the cylindrical support member 110. A ladder body has a shortened storage state in which the ladder basic member 101 is contracted and an extended use state in which the ladder basic member 101 is expanded. A hanging ladder has a locking mechanism 130 which temporarily locks in a non-slidable manner when the ladder basic members at the lower and upper stages are in extended use and a lock release mechanism 140 which releases the lock state of the locking mechanism 130 in response to an operation from the outside such as a collision of the lower horizontal beam, and makes the ladder basic members of the stage and the lower stage slidable. A telescopic operating body 150 is attached to the lowermost lock release mechanism 140 so as to be operable, and the lowermost stage is operable as a free cross rail.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 1

Description

  The present invention relates to a ladder that is extendable in the length direction. In particular, the present invention relates to an extendable hanging ladder that is hung on a hanging portion and extended downward to be used.

  In general, hanging ladders are widely used. Here, a suspended ladder is a type that is not fixed to the wall surface in normal times, but is dynamically suspended from the suspended location during use, and is removed from the suspended location and recovered after use. ing. For example, work suspension ladders that are suspended at suspension points during work as a means of moving down from high places to work sites below work, or emergencies that require customers to evacuate outside, such as buildings and trains As an evacuation means for evacuating downward at times, there is an evacuation hanging ladder or the like that is suspended at a suspended portion. There can be various other variations depending on the application.

In the prior art, several structures are known as hanging ladders.
For example, an evacuation ladder installed on a veranda of a building disclosed in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2006-299800 (Patent Document 1) is known. As shown in FIG. 11, the evacuation ladder has a horizontal beam that passes through a slit 1a in which a foldable vertical member 2 that connects both ends of two horizontal beams 1 that are vertically adjacent to each other is formed near the end of the horizontal beam. When not in use, the vertical member is folded and stored inside the horizontal beam, and when in use, the lower member 2b of the vertically extending vertical member is When the tip of the spring spring arranged on the connecting pin of the material and the horizontal rail comes into contact with the tip of the extended end and is slightly pushed back inward, the vertical material will move inward when cleaning up after using the evacuation ladder It is designed so that it can be folded reliably and easily.

  For example, a working suspension ladder for work sites of excavation grooves disclosed in JP 2012-255275 A (Patent Document 2) is known. As shown in FIG. 12, the hanging ladder for work at the excavation groove site is a ladder 10 that is used by being suspended from the upper end of the excavation groove at the work site. It has a tiltable structure, and can be changed between a usage state 1L in which each horizontal beam 1 extends in a direction orthogonal to the vertical beam 2 and a storage state 1M folded in the same direction as the vertical beam 2. In the storage state 1M, the protrusion of the horizontal rail 1 can be reduced.

  Next, for example, a work ladder at a manhole work site will be described. Conventionally, when the lid of the manhole is opened, a ladder fixed to the inner wall surface is attached, and it was moved up and down using that ladder, but even the uppermost stage of the ladder is inside the manhole, There was a problem that it was difficult to transfer from the upper end of the manhole to the top of the ladder at the start of the descent. Therefore, for example, a work ladder used in a manhole work site disclosed in Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 9-279615 (Patent Document 3) is a ladder fixed to the inner peripheral wall of the manhole as shown in FIG. The movable struts 5 are provided on both struts 7 so as to be movable up and down, and the safety fence 1 having the horizontal rail 4 and the vertical rail 3 is formed on both movable struts 5. A horizontal bar 12 is provided along with the lid 2 at the upper end, and the safety fence 1 is moved up and down by a wire 15 having a counterweight 11 suspended at one end.

JP 2001-315640 A JP 2012-255275 A JP-A-9-279615

Such a hanging ladder is required to have various structures and features depending on the application, but generally the following features are required.
The first feature is that the state at the time of storage is compact and excellent in portability. When stored (when not in use), it is required to be compact and shortened to be stored and easy to store and store, and to be light and portable when taken out and carried.
The second feature is that setting during use is simple. It is simply extended from the suspended location and can be extended and used.
The third feature is strength, stability and convenience during use. In a state where it is hung from the hanging position, the structure is strong enough to support the weight of the user firmly, and it does not swing during use, and it is easy to place your feet on the side rail. It is required that the convenience of use is ensured.
The fourth feature is that it is easy to return to the storage state after use. Although it is necessary to hang up from the suspended location and use it again to return to the stored state, it is preferable that the collecting operation is simple.

Here, among the suspension ladders described above, the working suspension ladder and the evacuation suspension ladder differ in the strength of the demands for the above listed characteristics.
Since the suspending ladder for evacuation has the greatest purpose of evacuating in the event of an emergency such as a fire, the second and third features are the most important. The priority of the other first and fourth features Is low.
However, in the work suspension ladder, the second feature and the third feature are important, but the first feature and the fourth feature are also from the viewpoint of work efficiency. It becomes important.

  The evacuation ladder installed on the veranda of the building disclosed in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2006-299800 of Patent Document 1 described above has a first compact state when stored and is excellent in portability. However, stability and convenience during use, which are the third feature, are lacking. It is easy to swing as a whole, the area of the horizontal rail is small, and it is difficult to place feet on the horizontal rail when suspended along the wall surface. In addition, although the fourth feature is the ease of the work of returning to the storage state after the end of use, it has been devised to some extent, but it cannot be said that it is still simple. Overall, evacuation ladders do not meet features 3 and 4.

  Next, the working suspension ladder for the excavation groove work site disclosed in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2012-255275 of Patent Document 2 satisfies all of the features 1 to 4 described above. It cannot be stretched in the direction. In other words, since it does not expand and contract in the length direction, it is necessary to bring it to the site as it is and use it as it is, and then remove and collect it as it is after use. If it is a site where the height to be lifted and lowered like a excavation groove is about 1 to 2 m, it is worth adding, but there is a problem that it cannot be used for a site that needs to go up and down 3 m or more (10 m or more in a deep one) like a manhole. is there.

  Next, in the work ladder used in the manhole work site disclosed in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 9-279615 of Patent Document 3, the safety fence 1 operates up and down, so to speak, the upper part of the ladder is upward. It can be said that it expands and contracts. However, the ladder main body 6 itself is fixed to the wall surface of the manhole and does not move, and the safety fence 1 is attached to the ladder main body 6 and stored in the manhole. The thing of this patent document 3 is a type of a wall-fixed type ladder that does not have portability, although the upper part expands and contracts, the portability of feature 1 is not satisfied, the structure is complicated, and the cost is low. There is also the problem of being expensive.

  The present invention has been made in view of the above circumstances, and can be stored compactly in a stored state, has excellent portability, and is excellent in operability that can be easily extended and used by simply suspending it from a work site when used. An object of the present invention is to provide a suspended ladder that has a structural strength ensured in an extended use state, and that can be easily shortened to a shortened stowed state upon collection at the end of use.

In order to achieve the above object, a suspended ladder according to the present invention includes a pair of cylindrical support columns arranged in parallel to each other at a predetermined interval, and a horizontal rail provided between the cylindrical support columns. The ladder basic member is a basic unit, and the ladder basic members are sequentially connected so as to be slidable in a nested state in the cylinder axis direction of the cylindrical support column, and the ladder basic member is slidably stored. Triggered by the state, the telescopic ladder main body having an extended use state in which the ladder basic member is slid and extended, and the ladder basic members in the current stage and the lower stage are slid to the extended use state. A lock mechanism that temporarily fixes the ladder basic members to be non-slidable, and the lock mechanism is unlocked when triggered by an external operation, and the ladder basic members at the current stage and the lower stage can be slid. Unlocking mechanism and the ladder book Is attached to the hanging part and suspended to the hanging part through the hanging part, and the ladder basic members of each stage slide and extend downward. The ladder basic members of the stage fixed by the lock mechanism in the extended use state and released by the lock release mechanism are slidable, and can be expanded and contracted to change from the extended use state to the shortened storage state. It is a suspended ladder.
Here, if the operation to the unlocking mechanism from the outside is a pushing operation by the lower horizontal beam coming from the lower side with respect to the members of the unlocking mechanism, the lower horizontal beam is pulled up from below one after another. The lock release mechanism can be operated to release the lock of the lock mechanism so as to be in a shortened storage state.

Here, in order to change from the extended use state to the shortened storage state, it is necessary to first unlock the lock mechanism at the lowest stage.
A 1st pattern is a structure which provides an unlocking operation body and a telescopic operation body in the said structure. The unlocking operation body is connected to the unlocking mechanism of the lowermost horizontal rail provided with the locking mechanism, and can be operated from the suspended portion. For example, a string body or a wire body. By operating through the unlocking operation body, it is possible to perform the unlocking operation of the lowermost unlocking mechanism and unlock the lowermost crosspiece.
The telescopic operation body is connected to a part of the lowermost ladder basic member provided with the lock mechanism and can be operated from the suspended portion. For example, a string body or a wire body may be sufficient. By pulling up the telescopic operation body, the bottom ladder basic member is pulled up, the lock mechanism is unlocked by collision with the upper lock release mechanism, and the ladder body is changed from the lower stage to the shortened storage state in order. .
The unlocking operation body and the telescopic operation body can be shared by the same string or wire.
As a second pattern, a free horizontal beam which is not provided with a lock mechanism and is slidable with respect to the cylindrical column body is provided below the lower horizontal beam provided with the lock mechanism. It is the structure which is provided and raises a free horizontal crosspiece with an expansion-contraction operation body.
The lock mechanism is unlocked by pulling up the free horizontal rail via the telescopic operation body and causing it to collide with the unlock mechanism of the upper horizontal rail, and the lock mechanism is locked by the collision with the upper unlock mechanism. Repeat the release and gradually change the ladder body from the bottom to the shortened storage state.

  As an example of the structure of the lock mechanism, an urging spring and an insertion pin that is slid by being urged by an urging spring and that is inserted into a predetermined position of a cylindrical column of the ladder basic member. It is set as a structure which will be in a locked state by inserting, and will be in an unlocked state by removing from an insertion hole. In addition, as an example of the structure of the unlocking mechanism, a lever structure that is incorporated in the lower surface of the horizontal rail and interlocks with the movement of the insertion pin of the locking mechanism is provided, and when the insertion pin moves in the direction of insertion into the insertion hole, The structure is such that the angle protruding downward from the lower surface of the crosspiece increases and the angle protruding downward from the lower surface of the horizontal crosspiece decreases as the insertion pin moves in the direction of exiting the insertion hole.

With the above structure, the ladder basic member can be slid by simply pushing up the lever structure as the horizontal rail rises, so that it can be easily collected and stored at the end of use of the ladder.
That is, in the state where the insertion pin of the current ladder basic member is inserted into the insertion hole and the current locking mechanism is in the locked state, the locking state of the lower ladder basic member is released and the current ladder is released. When sliding from the bottom to the top with respect to the basic member and the upper surface of the horizontal beam of the lower ladder basic member collides with the unlocking mechanism protruding from the lower surface of the current horizontal beam, When the insertion pin moves out of the insertion hole and the insertion pin comes out of the insertion hole, the lock state of the lock mechanism of the current stage is released by the lock release mechanism of the current stage, and the sliding becomes possible.

  In addition, if the lock release mechanism is stored in the lower surface of the horizontal beam from a state where it projects downward from the lower surface of the horizontal beam, it can be stored so that the upper and lower horizontal beams are in contact with each other. The shortened storage state can be extremely compact.

  Next, in order to maintain the distance between the ladder and the wall surface, a wall strut that separates the cylindrical column body from the wall surface at the suspended position by a predetermined distance is provided at an appropriate interval with respect to the cylindrical column body. Is preferred. Since the wall surface abuts against the wall surface and keeps the space between the cylindrical column and the horizontal beam to the wall, it becomes easier to grip the cylindrical column and place the foot on the horizontal beam, improving work efficiency To do.

  Also, in order to make it easier to move up and down using the ladder suspended at the suspended location, the cylindrical support is extended upward to a position higher than the height of the latch, and work is performed at the extended location. It is preferable to provide a gripping part for a worker to grip. If the gripping portion protrudes upward from the suspended portion, the operator can move up and down while gripping the gripping portion, and the work efficiency is improved.

  According to the suspended ladder of the present invention, when deploying the ladder main body, the ladder basic members are slid against each other simply by hanging the hanging tool at the suspended position and hanging down, and deployed according to gravity. At the time of recovery, as the ladder basic member rises, the upper lever structure is pushed up on the upper surface of the cross rail to release the lock mechanism, and the ladder basic member can be slid one after another. Easy storage.

It is a figure which shows typically the structural example of the hanging ladder 100 in the expansion | extension use condition concerning Example 1. FIG. It is a figure which shows simply the mechanism by which the lock mechanism 130 of the junction part of the ladder basic member 101 is locked at the time of expansion | deployment of the suspended ladder 100. FIG. It is a figure which shows simply the mechanism which cancels | releases the lock | rock of the lock mechanism 130 at the time of collection | recovery of the suspended ladder 100. FIG. It is a figure which shows simply the mechanism which cancels | releases the lock | rock by the lock release operation body 160 with respect to the lock mechanism 130 of the lowest stage. It is a figure explaining the procedure which hang | suspends the suspended ladder 100 in a shortened accommodation state to a suspension location, expand | deploys from a shortened accommodation state, and is made into an elongate use state. It is a figure explaining the procedure which collect | recovers the suspended ladders 100 in an expansion | extension use state, and changes them to a shortened accommodation state. It is a figure which shows typically the structural example of the hanging ladder 100 in the expansion | extension use condition concerning Example 2. FIG. It is a figure which shows typically the structural example of the suspended ladder 100 in the expansion | extension use condition concerning Example 3. FIG. It is a figure explaining the procedure which hang | suspends the suspension ladder 100 concerning Example 3 in a shortened accommodation state to a suspension location, expand | deploys from a shortened accommodation state, and is made into an elongate use state. It is a figure explaining the procedure which collect | recovers the suspended ladders 100 in the expansion | extension use state concerning Example 3, and changes them to a shortened accommodation state. It is a figure which shows the evacuation ladder installed in the veranda etc. of the building disclosed by Unexamined-Japanese-Patent No. 2006-299800 (patent document 1). It is a figure which shows the suspension ladder for work for work sites of a digging groove disclosed by Unexamined-Japanese-Patent No. 2012-255275 (patent document 2). It is a figure which shows the ladder for an operation | work used at the manhole work site disclosed by Unexamined-Japanese-Patent No. 9-279615 (patent document 3).

Hereinafter, embodiments of the extendable suspended ladder according to the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.
It goes without saying that the scope of the present invention is not limited to the specific shape, design, number, angle, etc. shown in the following examples.
The first embodiment is an example in which the lowermost horizontal beam is a fixed horizontal beam fixed to the cylindrical column 110. Note that the telescopic operation body 150 and the unlocking operation body 160 are combined.
The second embodiment has the same configuration as that of the first embodiment, but is an example in which the telescopic operation body 150 and the unlocking operation body 160 are separately configured.
The third embodiment is an example in which the bottom horizontal rail is a free horizontal rail that is slidable with respect to the cylindrical column 110.

FIG. 1 is a diagram schematically illustrating a configuration example of the suspended ladder 100 in the extended use state according to the first embodiment.
FIG. 1A shows a front view of a suspended ladder 100 in an extended use state (a surface on which an operator moves up and down), and FIG. 1B shows a rear view thereof (a surface facing the wall surface side of the work site). Show.
As shown in FIG. 1, the suspended ladder 100 according to the present invention is a combination of a plurality of pieces in a vertical direction with a ladder basic member 101 as a basic unit. The ladder basic members 101 are configured to be slidable in the vertical direction, and the suspended ladder 100 as a whole is of a telescopic type.
In this configuration example, the ladder basic member 101 of the basic unit is configured by eight stages, and in terms of the number of horizontal rails, ten stages including the lowest stage are provided. In this configuration example, a grip portion 180 is provided on the upper portion of the cylindrical support 110. The portion where the lock mechanism 130 and the lock release mechanism 140 are provided expands and contracts as the ladder basic member 101 slides.
Here, the lowermost horizontal beam is a fixed horizontal beam 121, which is a structural example fixed to the cylindrical column 110. An example in which the bottom horizontal rail is a free horizontal rail slidable with respect to the cylindrical column 110 will be described in a third embodiment.

The ladder basic member 101 has a structure including a pair of cylindrical support columns 110, a horizontal rail 120 provided between the cylindrical support columns 110, a lock mechanism 130, and an unlock mechanism 140.
As shown in FIG. 1, the entire suspended ladder 100 includes a ladder basic member 101 that is a basic structural unit, an extendable operation body 150, an unlocking operation body 160, a latching tool 170, and a gripping portion 180. ing. In FIG. 1, reference numerals 150 and 160 are used in common, because the telescopic operation body 150 and the unlocking operation body 160 are combined.

Hereinafter, each component will be described.
As shown in FIG. 1, the cylindrical column body 110 is a pair of column bodies that are arranged in parallel with each other at a predetermined interval. The material is preferably formed of a light metal such as aluminum and having a high structural strength.
Each ladder base member 101 needs to have a certain degree of rigidity and strength. This is because the ladder basic member 101 is required to have mechanical strength to support the lifting and lowering of the worker as a suspended ladder at the work site. In addition, since the worker can move up and down while carrying a heavy load, it is necessary to withstand the load.
Although the length of the cylindrical support | pillar body 110 for every ladder basic | foundation member 101 is not specifically limited, What is necessary is just a length suitable for the stride at the time of a person raising / lowering step by step.
The cylindrical strut 110 of the uppermost ladder basic member 101 is provided with a latch 170 described later. Further, in this configuration example, the gripping part 180 is extended so that the height of the cylindrical support 110 of the uppermost ladder basic member 101 is higher than the position of the hook 170.

The horizontal rail 120 is a horizontally mounted member provided between the cylindrical support columns 110, and is a portion on which an operator places his / her feet when moving up and down. The horizontal rail 120 is one level of the ladder of the suspended lower ladder 100. In this example, it is an example in which the crosspiece 120 is provided so as to connect the vicinity of the upper ends of the cylindrical support columns 110 of the ladder basic member 101.
The material of the horizontal rail 120 is preferably formed of a light metal such as aluminum and having a high structural strength. The crosspiece 120 needs to have a certain degree of rigidity and strength. This is because the mechanical strength that supports the lifting and lowering of the worker is required. In addition, since the worker can move up and down while carrying a heavy load, it is necessary to withstand the load.
The horizontal length of the horizontal rail 120 is not particularly limited, but it is necessary to have at least a length about the width of a human waist as long as it is assumed that an operator moves up and down one by one.

Next, sliding between the lock mechanism 130, the lock release mechanism 140, and the ladder basic member 101 will be described.
As shown in FIG. 1, each ladder basic member 101 has a cylindrical diameter of the cylindrical columnar body 110 that decreases from the ladder basic member 101 at the uppermost stage to the ladder basic member 101 at the lowermost stage. They are provided so as to increase sequentially, and they are nested, and are sequentially connected so as to be slidable in the cylinder axis direction of the cylindrical support 110. In other words, the cylindrical column 110 of the lower ladder basic member 101 directly below the cylindrical column 110 of the ladder basic member 101 of the current stage is one size larger than the cylindrical column. Nested.
The cylindrical portion of the cylindrical strut body 110 of the ladder basic member 101 of the current stage can be slid into and out of the cylindrical portion of the cylindrical strut body 110 of the lower ladder basic member 101, and It will be in an extended state by pulling out, and will be in a shortened state by being pushed upward. When all the ladder basic members 101 at each stage are in the shortened state, the entire suspended ladder 100 is in the shortened storage state, and when all the ladder basic members 101 at each stage are in the expanded state, the entire suspended ladder 100 is also expanded. It becomes a state.

The lock mechanism 130 is a lock mechanism that temporarily locks the sliding movement between the ladder basic members 101 at the connection between the ladder basic members 101 at each stage when triggered by the extended use state.
The lock release mechanism 140 is a mechanism that releases the lock state of the lock mechanism 130 in response to an operation from the outside and makes the ladder basic members slidable.
The operation of the lock mechanism 130 and the operation of the lock release mechanism 140 will be described later in detail.

In the first embodiment, the telescopic operating body 150 is connected to the lowermost ladder basic member and is a member that can be operated from the suspended portion. For example, a string body or a wire body whose tip is connected to the lowermost ladder basic member and whose proximal end is held at the suspended portion may be used. Here, a strong steel wire is used. In addition, as long as sufficient intensity | strength pulled up is ensured, a string may be sufficient.
The telescopic operation body 150 may be raised and lowered manually by an operator, but may be raised and lowered by a mechanical drive device such as a winch (not shown).
The lowermost ladder basic member can be moved up and down via the telescopic operation body 150 to operate extension and shortening of the suspended ladder 100.

The tip of the unlocking operation body 160 is connected to the lowermost unlocking mechanism 140 so that the lowermost unlocking mechanism 140 can be released from the suspended position. For example, a string body or a wire body whose tip is connected to the lowermost lock release mechanism 140 and whose base end is held at the suspended position may be used. In the first embodiment, the telescopic operation body 150 and the unlocking operation body 160 are configured as the same wire body.
The unlocking operation of the lock mechanism 130 of the unlocking operation body 160 will be described in detail later.

Next, the latch 170 will be described.
The latching tool 170 is a member that latches the ladder main body 110 in order to suspend it from the suspended position. The shape of the latching tool 170 is not particularly limited as long as it is easy to hang. However, in this configuration example, it is U-shaped and has a structure that can be easily latched against the edge of an opening such as a manhole. .

Next, the grip part 180 will be described.
In order to make it easy to move up and down using the ladder suspended at the suspended position, the cylindrical support body is extended upward to a position higher than the height of the hook 170, and a worker is attached to the extended position. It is preferable to provide a gripping part 180 for gripping. In this way, if the gripping part 180 is extended with the cylindrical support 110 of the uppermost ladder basic member 101 facing upward, safety can be easily ensured if an operator grips the gripping part 180, and work efficiency is improved. There is also an advantage of improving.
The above is the description of each configuration.

Next, the operation of the lock mechanism 130, the operation of the lock release mechanism 140, and the operation of the lock release operation body 160 will be described in detail.
FIG. 2 is a diagram simply illustrating a mechanism in which the lock is applied by the lock mechanism 130 at the joint portion of the ladder basic member 101 when the suspended ladder 100 is deployed.
FIG. 3 is a diagram simply showing a mechanism for releasing the lock of the lock mechanism 130 by the lock release mechanism 140 at the joint portion of the ladder basic member 101 when the suspended ladder 100 is collected.
FIG. 4 is a diagram simply showing a mechanism for releasing the lock of the lock mechanism 130 by operating the lock release mechanism 140 for the lowermost lock mechanism 130 with the lock release operation body 160.
2 to 4 show a part of the cylindrical column 110 facing the left end portion of the crosspiece 120, and a part is shown in a sectional view so that the internal structure can be easily understood. . The diameter of the cylindrical column 110 of the cylindrical column 110 gradually increases as it goes down, and the upper column 110 is nested in the cylindrical column 110 of the current stage. It has become.
Although not shown, the right end portion of the horizontal rail 120 is also provided with a similar structure that is symmetrical with respect to FIGS.

As shown in FIG. 2, an insertion pin 131 and a biasing spring 132 that are biased so as to protrude are provided inside the left end portion of the horizontal rail 120, and a part of the cylindrical column 110 is A fitting hole 111 is formed. In this manner, the insertion pin 131 is biased on the left side, and is formed so as to protrude and be able to be inserted when it comes to the position of the insertion hole 111.
Further, a lock release mechanism 140 is rotatably connected to a part of the insertion pin 131 via a rotation joint portion 143. The operation of the insertion pin 131 is an operation of sliding in the horizontal direction, but as shown in FIG. 3, the lock release mechanism 140 can be rotated in the vertical plane via the rotary joint 143 and the rotary shaft 142. The lever structure 141 is rotated counterclockwise and protrudes downward, or is rotated clockwise and stored upward.

First, a mechanism for locking by the lock mechanism 130 will be described in detail.
As shown in FIG. 2 (a), when the ladder basic member 101 falls downward due to gravity, when the tip of the insertion pin 131 reaches the insertion hole 111, the biasing force is applied as shown in FIG. 2 (b). The insertion pin 131 protrudes by the urging force of the spring 132 and is inserted into the insertion hole 111. Therefore, as shown in FIG. 2 (b), when the insertion pin 131 comes to a position where the insertion hole 111 is located, the insertion pin 131 protrudes due to the urging of the urging spring 132, and as shown in FIG. The tip of the insertion pin 131 is inserted into the insertion hole 111, and the ladder basic member 101 is fixed so as not to slide in the extended use state.

In this series of movements, the lock release mechanism 140 is interlocked with the insertion pin 131 via the rotation joint portion 143, rotates in the vertical direction about the rotation shaft 142, and the lever structure 141 moves downward. A protruding operation is performed.
FIG. 2 shows only the movement of one step of the horizontal beam, but the suspended ladder 100 is shown in FIG. 2 in the horizontal beam 120 of each step while the ladder basic member 101 of each step is dropped due to gravity. The lock mechanism 130 is locked one after another and is in an extended use state.

Next, a mechanism for unlocking the horizontal rail by the lock release mechanism 140 at each stage when the suspended ladder 100 is collected will be described. Note that the release operation by the lock release operation body 160 for the lowermost lock mechanism 130 will be described later.
At the end of use of the suspended ladder 100, as shown in FIG. 3A, the state where the insertion pin 131 is pushed into the insertion hole 111 of the left cylindrical column 110 by the biasing spring 132 is maintained. Lock is on.

Here, as shown in FIG. 3B, the unlocking mechanism 140 rotates about the rotation shaft 142 clockwise with the operation of pushing the lever structure 141 upward from the outside, and the insertion pin 131 The pivot joint 143 that is linked to the center moves to the center side as the lever action point, and the fitting pin 131 slides to the center side in conjunction with the lever. As a result, the lock mechanism 130 is unlocked.
Here, although not shown in FIG. 3B, as will be described later, the lower crosspiece 120 rises from below and collides against the lever structure 141, so that the lever structure 141 is moved upward. The operation is pushed up.

  When the lock mechanism 130 is unlocked by the lock release mechanism 140, the horizontal rail 120 at this stage can slide with respect to the cylindrical column 110 as shown in FIG. Here, since the lower horizontal rail 120 rises from below and collides against the lever structure 141, and a force for pulling up from below works, the ladder basic member 101 at this stage rises as it is.

Next, a mechanism for unlocking the lowermost locking mechanism 130 by the unlocking operation body 160 will be described.
FIG. 4 is a diagram simply showing a mechanism for releasing the lock of the lowermost lock mechanism 130 by the lock release operation body 160.
As shown in FIG. 4A, the distal end of the unlocking operation body 160 is attached to the left and right insertion pins 131 in the horizontal rail of the ladder basic member provided with the lowermost locking mechanism 140.
As shown in FIG. 4B, the right and left insertion pins 131 can be pulled back by pulling the unlocking operation body 160 toward the center, and the lock mechanism can be unlocked at the same time. .
When the insertion pin 131 is removed, as shown in FIG. 4C, the upper ladder basic member 101 slides toward the lower ladder basic member 101 and contracts.
If the lock mechanism 130 at the lowermost stage is unlocked in this way, if the wire body that is also used as the telescopic operation body 150 is continuously pulled up as it is, the ladder basic member moves toward the upper stage. The lock can be released by coming into contact with the stage lock release mechanism 140 and the entire ladder can be contracted.

Next, a procedure for using the suspended ladder 100 of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS.
FIG. 5 is a diagram for explaining a procedure in which the suspended ladder 100 in the shortened storage state is suspended from the suspended portion and deployed from the shortened storage state to be in the extended use state.
An operator or the like transports the suspended ladder 100 of the present invention in a shortened storage state and carries it into the suspended location, and the suspended location such as an edge of a manhole serving as a working location via the latch 170. The suspended ladder 100 is suspended.

As shown in the state of FIG. 5A, the worker loosens the wire that is the telescopic operation body 150 of the suspended ladder 100 that is suspended via the hook 170.
Since the ladder basic member 101 of each stage has not yet operated the locking mechanism 130, the cylindrical support bodies 110 slide with each other, start dropping by gravity, and extend downward.
FIG. 5 (b) is a diagram showing a state in the middle of extending the suspended ladder 100 by loosening the telescopic operation body 150.
The ladder basic member 101 at each stage slides downward according to gravity. In the process, the lock mechanism 130 is gradually locked from the ladder basic member 101 on the upper stage side. That is, if the fitting pin 131 of the locking mechanism 130 of the crosspiece 120 reaches the fitting hole 111 of the upper cylindrical column 110 by sliding between the cylindrical columns 110, FIG. According to the flow shown in c), the insertion pin 131 protrudes into the insertion hole 111 of the upper cylindrical support 110 and is locked and fixed.
FIG. 5C is a diagram showing a state in which all the ladder basic members 101 are extended and all the horizontal rails 120 are locked with respect to the cylindrical column 110 and are in an extended use state.
Thus, according to the flow from FIG. 5A to FIG. 5C, the suspended ladder 100 in the shortened storage state is expanded to be in the extended use state.

Next, a description will be given of a procedure in which the use of the suspended ladder 100 at the work site is completed and the suspended ladder 100 in the extended use state is brought into a shortened storage state.
FIG. 6 is a diagram for explaining a procedure for collecting the suspended ladder 100 in the extended use state and changing it to the shortened storage state.
When the worker finishes using the suspended ladder 100 at a work site such as a manhole, the worker moves up the suspended ladder 100 and moves to the suspended position, and then the suspended ladder 100 of the present invention is moved. Start collecting work to collect.

As shown in the state of FIG. 6A, the worker operates the wire that is the unlocking operation body 160 at the suspended position to release the lock of the lowermost lock mechanism 130.
When the unlocking operation body 160 is pulled, as shown in FIGS. 4 (a) to 4 (c), the locking mechanism of the lowermost horizontal beam 120 (not the fixed horizontal beam 121 but one upper horizontal beam 120) is locked. 130 is released, and the lowermost ladder basic member 101 can slide.

Next, as shown in FIG. 6B, if the wire which is also used as the telescopic operation body 150 is continuously pulled up, the lowermost ladder basic member 101 slides and rises, and one upper horizontal rail is formed. The locking mechanism 130 is unlocked by the operation of the lock releasing mechanism 140 by colliding with the lever structure 141 protruding from the lower surface of 120 and pushing up.
When the lock mechanism 130 of the ladder basic member 101 of each stage is unlocked, the ladder basic member 101 becomes slidable one after another and is lifted and raised.

FIG. 6C is a diagram showing a state in the middle of pulling up the telescopic operation body 150 and shortening the suspended ladder 100.
The ladder basic member 101 at each stage slides upward as the telescopic operation body 150 is pulled up. In the process, the unlocking mechanism 140 of the ladder basic member 101 on the upper stage side causes the lock mechanism 130 to move upward. Remove locks one after another. That is, according to the flow shown in FIG. 3A to FIG. 3C, the lever in which the upper surface of the horizontal beam 120 protrudes from the lower surface of the upper horizontal beam 120 due to the sliding of the cylindrical support columns 110. The structure 141 is pushed up to unlock the lock mechanism 130.

FIG. 6D is a diagram illustrating a state in which all the ladder basic members 101 are shortened to be in a shortened storage state.
Thus, according to the flow of FIG. 6A to FIG. 6D, the suspended ladder 100 in the extended use state contracts to be in a shortened storage state.

The second embodiment is an example in which the telescopic operation body 150 and the unlocking operation body 160 are configured separately in the same configuration as the first embodiment.
FIG. 7 is a diagram schematically illustrating a configuration example of the suspended ladder 100 in the extended use state according to the second embodiment.
As shown in FIG. 7, the suspended ladder 100 according to the second embodiment is formed by slidably connecting a plurality of ladder basic members 101 in the same manner as in the first embodiment. The structure has a cylindrical support 110, a crosspiece 120, a lock mechanism 130, and a lock release mechanism 140. As shown in FIG. 7, the suspended ladder 100 according to the second embodiment as a whole, in addition to the ladder basic member 101 that is a basic structural unit, the telescopic operation body 150, the unlocking operation body 160, the latching tool 170 and a gripping part 180 are provided.

Here, in the case of the first embodiment, the telescopic operation body 150 and the unlocking operation body 160 are configured to be shared by the same wire. However, the suspended ladder 100 according to the second embodiment includes the telescopic operation body 150. And the unlocking operation body 160 have different configurations.
In this configuration example, the telescopic operation body 150 is a pair of left and right strong strings. The string can be light and durable depending on the material and structure. Further, the unlocking operation body 160 is a single wire and the tip is opened in an inverted Y shape, and each tip is provided with a lowermost locking mechanism 140 as shown in FIG. 4 (a). It is attached to the right and left insertion pins 131 in the horizontal rail 120 of the ladder basic member. When the operator at the hanging position pulls the unlocking operation body 160, the left and right wires opened in the inverted Y shape at the tip of the wire pull back the left and right insertion pins 131 respectively, and the lock mechanism 140 is locked at the same time. It has a structure that can be released.
Since other structures may be the same as those in the first embodiment, description thereof is omitted here.

The third embodiment is an example in which the bottom horizontal rail is a free horizontal rail that is slidable with respect to the cylindrical column 110.
FIG. 8 is a diagram schematically illustrating a configuration example of the suspended ladder 100 according to the third embodiment in the extended use state.
FIG. 8A shows a front view of the suspended ladder 100 in the extended use state (surface on which the operator moves up and down), and FIG. 8B shows the rear view (surface facing the wall surface side of the work site). Show.
The suspended ladder 100 according to the third embodiment has the same basic structure as that of the first embodiment, and is a continuous combination of a plurality of ladder basic members 101 in the vertical direction with the ladder basic member 101 as a basic unit. The structure is slidable in the vertical direction, and the suspended ladder 100 as a whole is of a telescopic type, but the lowermost crosspiece 120 is different from that of the first embodiment. In the first embodiment, the lowermost horizontal beam is the fixed horizontal beam 121, but in the third embodiment, the lowermost horizontal beam is a free horizontal beam 122 that can slide with respect to the cylindrical column 110. ing.

The structure of the ladder basic member 101 is the same as that of the first embodiment. The ladder basic member 101 includes a pair of cylindrical struts 110, a horizontal rail 120 provided between the cylindrical struts 110, a lock mechanism 130, and an unlock mechanism 140. It has a prepared structure. The suspended ladder 100 as a whole includes a ladder basic member 101 that is a basic structural unit, an extendable operation body 150, a hook 170, and a grip 180. In the third embodiment, the unlocking operation body 160 is omitted from the configuration of the first embodiment.
Since each component other than the free horizontal rail 122 may be the same as that of the first embodiment, a detailed description thereof is omitted here.

As shown in FIG. 8, the lowest level of the horizontal beam is a free horizontal beam 122.
The free horizontal beam 122 is provided below the lowermost horizontal beam 120 provided with the lock mechanism, and is not provided with the lock mechanism 130 and is slidable with respect to the cylindrical column 110. It is a horizontal rail. Note that the locking body 123 is fixed to the cylindrical column 110 so that the free horizontal rail 122 is locked at a predetermined position of the cylindrical column 110, and is locked to the locking body 123. In contrast, the free side rail 122 stops.
The telescopic operating body 150 is connected to the free horizontal rail 122 in the third embodiment. In the first embodiment, the lowermost ladder basic member is drawn into the horizontal beam 120 and connected to the insertion pin 131 as the unlocking operation body 160, but in the third embodiment, on the back side of the free horizontal beam 122. It is firmly connected. The telescopic operation body 150 may be a string body or a wire.
Through the telescopic operation body 150, the operator can perform an operation of sliding the free horizontal rail 122 with respect to the cylindrical support 110 and raising it.

Next, a procedure for using the suspended ladder 100 according to the third embodiment will be described with reference to FIGS. 9 and 10.
FIG. 9 is a diagram illustrating a procedure in which the suspended ladder 100 according to the third embodiment in the shortened storage state is suspended from the suspended portion and deployed from the shortened storage state to be in the extended use state.
An operator or the like transports the suspended ladder 100 of the present invention in a shortened storage state and carries it into the suspended location, and the suspended location such as an edge of a manhole serving as a working location via the latch 170. The suspended ladder 100 is suspended.

As shown in the state of FIG. 9A, the worker loosens the telescopic operation body 150 of the suspended ladder 100 that is suspended via the hook 170.
The telescopic operating body 150 is connected to the free horizontal rail 122, and the free horizontal rail 122 moves downward. However, since the ladder basic member 101 at each stage has not yet operated the locking mechanism 130, the cylindrical column 110 They slide on each other, start falling due to gravity, and extend downward.

FIG. 9B is a diagram illustrating a state in the middle of loosening the telescopic operation body 150 and extending the suspended ladder 100 according to the third embodiment.
As in the first embodiment, the ladder basic member 101 at each stage slides downward according to gravity. In the process, the lock mechanism 130 is gradually locked from the ladder basic member 101 on the upper stage side. In accordance with the flow shown in FIG. 2A to FIG. 2C, the insertion pin 131 protrudes into the insertion hole 111 of the upper cylindrical columnar body 110 and is locked and fixed.

FIG. 9C is a diagram illustrating a state in which all the ladder basic members 101 are extended and the horizontal pillars 120 are locked with respect to the cylindrical column 110 and are in an extended use state. The free horizontal rail 122 moves downward until it is locked to the locking body 123.
As described above, according to the flow from FIG. 9A to FIG. 9C, the suspended lower ladder 100 in the shortened storage state is expanded to be in the extended use state.

Next, a procedure for putting the suspended ladder 100 according to the third embodiment in the extended use state after the use of the suspended ladder 100 at the work place into a shortened storage state will be described.
FIG. 10 is a diagram illustrating a procedure for collecting the suspended ladder 100 in the extended use state according to the third embodiment and changing it to the shortened storage state.

As shown in the state of FIG. 10A, the worker pulls up by operating the telescopic operation body 150 at the suspended position.
Since the free horizontal rail 122 to which the telescopic operation body 150 is connected can slide freely, it rises immediately and, as shown in FIG. The body 141 is pushed up, and the lock mechanism 130 comes off and can slide.
FIG. 10C is a diagram showing a state in the middle of pulling up the telescopic operation body 150 and shortening the suspended ladder 100.
As in the first embodiment, the ladder basic member 101 at each stage is slid upward as the telescopic operation body 150 is pulled up, and is locked by the unlocking mechanism 140 of the ladder basic member 101 at the upper stage in the process. The mechanism 130 is unlocked one after another.

FIG. 10D is a diagram illustrating a state in which all the ladder basic members 101 are shortened to be in a shortened storage state.
Thus, according to the flow of FIG. 10A to FIG. 10D, the suspended ladder 100 in the extended use state contracts to be in a shortened storage state.

  While the preferred embodiment of the invention has been illustrated and described, it will be appreciated that various changes can be made without departing from the scope of the invention. Therefore, the technical scope of the present invention is limited only by the description of the appended claims.

  The suspended ladder of the present invention is a suspended ladder for work suspended at a work place such as a manhole, a suspended ladder for evacuation to escape from a vehicle in an abnormal situation of a train vehicle, an apartment, a hotel, etc. It can be widely applied as a suspended ladder for evacuation that evacuates from the veranda of the city in the event of an abnormality.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 100 Suspended lower ladder 110 Cylindrical support | pillar body 120 Horizontal crosspiece 130 Lock mechanism 140 Unlocking mechanism 150 Telescopic operation body 160 Unlocking operation body 170 Latching tool 180 Grasping part

Claims (9)

A ladder basic member including a pair of cylindrical struts arranged in parallel with each other at a predetermined interval and a horizontal rail provided between the cylindrical struts as a basic unit, and the ladder basic members are The cylindrical struts are sequentially connected so as to be slidable in the cylindrical axis direction, and the ladder basic member is slidably housed and the ladder basic member is slid and extended. A telescopic ladder body with
A lock mechanism that temporarily fixes the ladder basic members to be non-slidable when triggered by the fact that the ladder basic members of the current stage and the lower stage are slid and are in the extended use state,
An unlocking mechanism that releases the locked state of the locking mechanism triggered by an operation from the outside, and allows the ladder basic members of the current stage and the lower stage to slide with each other;
A hanging tool for hanging and hanging the ladder body from the suspended portion,
When suspended at the suspension location via the hook, the ladder basic members of each stage slide and extend downward, and are fixed in the extended use state by the lock mechanism, and are unlocked by the lock release mechanism. The suspended ladder that can be expanded and contracted so that the released ladder basic members can be slid to be changed from the extended use state to the shortened storage state.   2. The telescopic suspension according to claim 1, wherein the operation from the outside to the unlocking mechanism is a pushing operation by the lower rail that comes from below to a member of the unlocking mechanism. ladder. It is connected to the unlocking mechanism of the horizontal rail at the lowest stage where the locking mechanism is provided, and has a configuration in which an unlocking operation body that can be operated from the suspended portion is provided,
3. The telescopic suspension according to claim 2, wherein a release operation of the lowermost stage unlocking mechanism is performed via the unlocking operation body to release the lock of the lowermost stage crosspiece. ladder. It is connected to the lowermost ladder basic member provided with the lock mechanism, and is configured to be provided with a telescopic operation body that can be operated from the suspended location,
By pulling up the telescopic operation body, the ladder basic member at the lowermost stage is pulled up, the lock mechanism is unlocked due to a collision with the lock release mechanism at the upper stage, and the ladder body is shortened in order from the lower stage. The extendable suspended ladder according to claim 2 or 3, wherein the suspended ladder can be changed into a stored state.   The extendable suspension ladder according to claim 4, wherein the unlocking operation body and the telescopic operation body are combined with the same string body or the wire body. Under the lowermost horizontal beam provided with the locking mechanism, a free horizontal beam that is not provided with the locking mechanism and is slidable with respect to the cylindrical column body,
Connected to the free horizontal rail, comprising an extendable operation body operable from the suspended location,
The lock mechanism is unlocked by pulling up the free horizontal rail through the telescopic operation body and causing the free horizontal rail to collide with the unlock mechanism of the upper horizontal rail, and the lock by the collision with the upper unlock mechanism. The retractable suspended ladder according to claim 2, wherein the release of the locked state of the mechanism is repeated, and the ladder body can be changed to the shortened storage state sequentially from the lower stage. . The locking mechanism is an insertion pin that slides while being urged by an urging spring and the urging spring, and is inserted into a predetermined hole of the cylindrical column body of the ladder basic member. It is a structure that is in the locked state by being inserted, and is in the unlocked state by being removed from the insertion hole,
The unlocking mechanism is a lever structure that is incorporated and protrudes on the lower surface of the horizontal rail and interlocks with the movement of the insertion pin of the lock mechanism, and the insertion pin moves in a direction to be inserted into the insertion hole. 7. The lever structure protrudes downward, and when the lever structure is pushed into the lower surface of the horizontal rail, the insertion pin is interlocked so as to move in the direction of coming out of the insertion hole. The extendable hanging ladder according to any one of the above.   In the state where the insertion pin of the ladder basic member of the current stage is inserted into the insertion hole and the lock mechanism of the current stage is in the locked state, the locked state of the lock mechanism of the lower ladder basic member is released. It slides from bottom to top with respect to the ladder basic member at the current stage, and the upper surface of the horizontal beam of the lower ladder basic member contacts the unlocking mechanism protruding from the lower surface of the horizontal beam at the current stage. When the contact pin is pushed up, the insertion pin moves in the direction of coming out of the insertion hole, and when the insertion pin comes out of the insertion hole, the lock release mechanism at this stage releases the locked state of the lock mechanism at this stage. The extendable suspended ladder according to claim 7, wherein the suspended ladder can be slid. 9. The lever structure of the unlock mechanism can be varied from a state in which the lever structure protrudes downward from the lower surface of the horizontal rail until it is stored in the lower surface of the horizontal rail. Extendable hanging ladder.

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