JP2019030088A - Electric power accommodation system - Google Patents

Abstract

To provide a power accommodation system that electric power at least one of electric power suppliers accommodates electric power among consumers including distributed power sources, without causing electric power to reverse the electric power system of an electric power company.SOLUTION: A power accommodation system 100 including a control device 38 connected by a customer-to-customer communication line 60 and providing a plurality of customers 30 that receive electric power from an electric power company, in which a distributed power supply 36 is installed in at least one customer 30, and the control device 36 in the customer installed with the distributed power supply 36 estimates the suppliable power of the distributed power supply 36 during the power accommodation period, selects one customer who can supply the electric power from other customers; and transfers the right of receiving electricity that is equal to or lower than the suppliable power to the control device 38 installed in the selected customer.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 1

Description

  The present invention relates to a power interchange system, and more particularly to a power interchange system that accommodates the right to receive power in a power system including a consumer having a distributed power source.

  In recent years, as a method of adjusting the balance between supply and demand of electric power, the electric power is widely exchanged between consumers by a peer-to-peer method without going through the management device of an electric power supplier that supplies electric power in a wide area. An electric power interchange system that adjusts the supply and demand balance has been proposed (see, for example, Patent Document 1 or Patent Document 2).

JP 2011-101534 A Japanese Patent No. 56566792

  However, in the power interchange system according to Patent Document 1, since the electric power system of the electric power provider is used when power is interchanged between consumers, a consignment fee is paid due to the use of the electric power system. Consignment fee will be added to the electricity price decided in.

  On the other hand, in the power interchange system according to Patent Document 2, since the right to receive power, not power, is interchanged between consumers using a peer-to-peer method, payment of a consignment fee to an electric power company does not occur. However, no consideration is given to a method for accommodating power between consumers when a distributed power source such as a fuel cell is installed in the consumer.

  An object of the present invention is to provide an electric power interchange system that can accommodate electric power among consumers including at least one distributed power source without causing reverse power flow to an electric power system of an electric power company.

  In order to achieve the above object, a power interchange system according to the present invention includes a plurality of consumers that receive control power from an electric power company that includes contract control power as an upper limit, including control devices connected to each other via a communication line. At least one of the plurality of consumers is provided with a distributed power source that can be controlled to supply power equal to or lower than the power consumption at the consumer, and the control device at the consumer with the distributed power source installed is , An estimation means for estimating the suppliable power that can be supplied from the distributed power source in a predetermined period in the future, and a demand for accommodating the suppliable power of the distributed power source estimated by the estimating means from other consumers Control means for selecting a house and transferring a power receiving right equal to or less than the power that can be supplied from the distributed power source to the control device installed in the selected consumer.

  Moreover, the power interchange system according to the present invention includes a plurality of consumers that receive control power from an electric power company with an upper limit of contract power, including control devices connected to each other via communication lines. A distributed power source that can be controlled so as to supply supply power equal to or lower than the power consumed by the consumer is installed in at least one of the consumers, and the control device in a consumer that does not have the distributed power source installed includes the distributed power source. When the right to receive power is transferred from the control device in the customer where the power is installed, power can be received from the electric power company in accordance with the amount of power corresponding to the right to receive power during the period in which the right to receive power can be exercised. The upper limit of the contract power is controlled so that the received power that can be increased.

  According to the power interchange system of the present invention, there is an effect that at least one power can be interchanged between consumers including a distributed power source without causing reverse power flow to the power grid of the electric power company.

It is a figure which shows the structural example of an electric power interchange system. It is a figure which shows the example of a connection of the communication line between consumers. It is a figure which shows the structural example of a control apparatus. It is a flowchart which shows an example of the flow of the electric power interchange process which concerns on 1st Embodiment. It is the schematic diagram explaining the example of transfer of the power receiving right of electric power. It is a flowchart which shows an example of the flow of the electric power interchange process which concerns on 2nd Embodiment.

  Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. In addition, the same code | symbol is provided to the apparatus and process which have the same function through all the drawings, and the overlapping description is abbreviate | omitted.

<First Embodiment>
FIG. 1 is a diagram illustrating a configuration example of a power interchange system 100 according to the present embodiment. The power interchange system 100 includes a management apparatus 10 that manages a power system managed by an electric power company, a power supply source 20 that is controlled by the electric power company, and N units that receive power from the power supply source 20 (N is 2). The above integer) consumer 30-1 to consumer 30-N are included.

  Each customer 30-1 to customer 30-N has a power meter 32, a control device 38 connected to the power meter 32 via a first communication line 70, and an M connected to the power meter 32 via a power line 50. The load 34-1 to the load 34-M (M is an integer of 1 or more) are included. Hereinafter, when it is not necessary to distinguish and explain the customer 30-1 to the customer 30-N, the customer 30-1 to the customer 30-N will be collectively referred to as “the customer 30”. Further, the loads 34-1 to 34-M installed in each consumer 30 are collectively referred to as “loads 34”.

  At least one consumer 30 is provided with a distributed power source 36 that supplies power to the load 34, and the distributed power source 36 is connected to the control device 38 through a second communication line 80.

  Further, the power meter 32 is connected to the management apparatus 10 via the communication line 40 and also connected to the power supply source 20 via the power line 50.

  The received power that is the power received from the power supply source 20 via the wattmeter 32 is supplied to each of the loads 34-1 to 34-M, and the wattmeter 32 is loaded to the loads 34-1 to 34-M. A power consumption measuring function for measuring a total value of power consumed by each of the devices. Note that the total value of power consumption consumed by the customer 30 may be simply referred to as “power consumption of the customer 30”.

  Each customer 30 has contracted with the electric power company contract power, which is the upper limit of power that can be received from the power supply source 20, and the wattmeter 32 restricts power reception exceeding the contract power. . The contract power can be controlled in magnitude by setting the wattmeter 32.

  Further, the wattmeter 32 transmits the measured power consumption of the customer 30 to the management apparatus 10 via the communication line 40 at a predetermined interval such as 5 minutes, and the control apparatus via the first communication line 70. 38 has a communication function of transmitting to the terminal 38. In addition, there is no restriction | limiting in the setting of the predetermined interval which prescribes | regulates the transmission interval of the power consumption of the consumer 30, Other values may be sufficient. The wattmeter 32 does not necessarily have to transmit the power consumption of the customer 30 at a predetermined interval. For example, when a predetermined event occurs such that the moving average value of power consumption fluctuates by a predetermined ratio The power consumption may be transmitted to. Furthermore, the power meter 32 may transmit irregularly every time a predetermined event occurs, for example, every hour on the hour, while transmitting the power consumption of the consumer 30 at a predetermined interval.

  In addition, when the power meter which does not have a communication function for communicating with the management apparatus 10 and the control apparatus 38 is previously installed in the consumer 30, the communication function for communicating with the management apparatus 10 and the control apparatus 38 is provided. By connecting the auxiliary device to the wattmeter, the wattmeter 32 according to the present embodiment can be obtained.

  For example, a smart meter is applied to the power meter 32 having the power consumption measuring function and the communication function.

  When the distributed power source 36 is installed in the consumer 30, the wattmeter 32 receives the power supplied from the distributed power source 36, and uses the power received from the power supply source 20 and the power received from the distributed power source 36 as demand. It supplies to the load 34 in the house 30. At this time, the power meter 32 supplies the power supplied from the distributed power supply 36 to the load 34 with priority over the power received from the power supply source 20. That is, insufficient power that cannot be covered by power from the distributed power supply 36 is received from the power supply source 20 and supplied to the load 34.

  The distributed power source 36 autonomously determines the amount of power that can be supplied based on the power supply model learned from the variation pattern of power consumption in the customer 30, and supplies the determined amount of power that can be supplied to the load 34. Supply. In order to learn the power supply model, the distributed power source 36 acquires, for example, power consumption in the customer 30 from the control device 38 via the second communication line 80. Alternatively, the distributed power source 36 may supply power to the load 34 in accordance with a power supply pattern registered in advance. In any case, the distributed power source 36 controls the power that can be supplied so as not to exceed the power consumption of the consumer 30. Information on the suppliable power supplied from the distributed power source 36 to the load 34 is notified to the control device 38 via the second communication line 80. When the distributed power source 36 is a DC power source, the power that can be supplied is supplied to the load 34 after being converted to AC by a conversion device such as a power conditioner.

  Here, the distributed power source 36 is not a large-scale power source that is operated and managed by an electric power company like a thermal power plant or a nuclear power plant, but is a power consuming area such as a site of a customer 30. A power source that is installed at a location closer to the customer 30 and that is operated and managed by the customer 30. The distributed power source 36 includes, for example, a storage battery, a solar cell, a fuel cell, and a cogeneration system that generates electricity and heat using gas.

  In the following, for example, power sources that can control the magnitude of power supplied, such as storage batteries, fuel cells, and cogeneration systems, rather than power sources that are difficult to control, such as solar cells, are distributed power sources. 36. However, even if the power supply is difficult to control, such as a solar battery, the generated power is stored in the storage battery, so that the distributed power supply 36 can control the power supply. be able to.

  In the case of a cogeneration system, the amount of heat generated by increasing the suppliable power of the distributed power source 36 also increases. However, when the increased amount of heat is not used for air conditioning or the like, the amount of generated heat is wasted, and the overall efficiency combining the utilization efficiency of electricity and heat is reduced. The cogeneration system may stop operation. Moreover, in the case of a storage battery, since it is necessary to store electric power after discharging, a period during which electric power cannot be supplied occurs. In addition, in the case of a storage battery, it is not possible to supply the load 34 with more power than the stored power.

  That is, from the viewpoint of controlling the power that can be supplied from the distributed power source 36, a mono-generator fuel cell system having a power generation efficiency higher than that of the concentrated thermal power plant by about 60% or more is used rather than using a cogeneration system and a storage battery. It is preferable to use as.

  On the other hand, the control device 38 is connected to the management device 10 through a communication line 40 and is connected to each of the control devices 38 installed in other consumers 30 through a communication line 60 between consumers. The control device 38 transmits and receives power interchange information, which will be described in detail later, with other control devices 38 via the communication line 60 between consumers. Note that the control device 38 does not need to be directly connected to each control device 38 through the communication line 60 between consumers as shown in FIG. 1, and passes through another control device 38 as shown in FIG. 2. Thus, each control device 38 may be indirectly connected. In this case, each control device 38 other than the source and destination of the accommodation information transfers the received accommodation information.

  The communication line 40, the customer-to-customer communication line 60, the first communication line 70, and the second communication line 80 according to the present embodiment may be wired or wireless. Further, the communication line 40, the communication line between customers 60, the first communication line 70, and the second communication line 80 are related to the power interchange system 100 even if they are public lines to which an unspecified number of devices are connected. It may be a dedicated line to which only the device is connected.

  FIG. 3 is a diagram illustrating a configuration example of the control device 38. The control device 38 is configured using a computer 90, for example.

  The computer 90 includes a central processing unit (CPU) 91, a read only memory (ROM) 92, a random access memory (RAM) 93, and a non-volatile memory 94, which are examples of an estimation unit, a selection unit, and a control unit according to the present embodiment. And an input / output interface (I / O) 95. The CPU 91, ROM 92, RAM 93, nonvolatile memory 94, and I / O 95 are connected via a bus 96. As the nonvolatile memory 94, for example, an SSD (Solid State Drive) using a flash memory is used in addition to a hard disk.

  For example, an input device 62, a display device 64, and a communication device 66 are connected to the I / O 95.

  The input device 62 is a device that receives an instruction from the operator of the control device 38 and notifies the CPU 91 of the input device 62. For example, a button, a touch panel, a microphone, or the like is used.

  The display device 64 is a device that displays information generated by the control of the CPU 91 as an image. For example, a liquid crystal display, an organic EL (Electroluminescence) display, or the like is used.

  The communication device 66 is connected to the communication line 40, the customer-to-customer communication line 60, the first communication line 70, and the second communication line 80, and includes a communication protocol for transmitting and receiving various messages via each line. That is, the communication device 66 is an example of a communication unit that transmits and receives various messages with the control device 38 of another customer 30.

  The device connected to the I / O 95 is not limited to the device illustrated in FIG. For example, you may connect the alerting | reporting apparatus which alert | reports an alarm, when communication is cut | disconnected by at least one of the communication line 40, the communication line 60 between consumers, the 1st communication line 70, and the 2nd communication line 80. Further, the input device 62 and the display device 64 are not necessarily devices essential to the control device 38, but the control device 38 according to the present embodiment includes an operation panel including the input device 62 and the display device 64. It shall be.

  Next, with reference to FIG. 4, the operation of the power accommodation process of the power accommodation system 100 executed by the control device 38 will be described.

  FIG. 4 is a flowchart illustrating an example of the flow of the power accommodation process executed by the CPU 91 of the control device 38 when an instruction for starting the power accommodation processing is received from the operation panel of the control device 38, for example.

  It is assumed that the operator of the control device 38 inputs a future period after the time when the start instruction is given when the start instruction of the power interchange process is made. The input period represents a period during which power is to be interchanged between the consumers 30 and is referred to as a “power interchange period”. Here, “accommodating power” means giving or receiving the right to receive power between different consumers 30.

  For example, when it is planned to consume more power than usual, in order to allow other customers 30 to receive the right to receive power, input the period including the schedule as the power interchange period. Start the accommodation process. On the other hand, when it is planned that the consumption of electric power will be less than usual due to reasons such as leaving a house on a trip, the period including the schedule is provided to allow other customers 30 to have the right to receive electric power. Is input as a power accommodation period to start the power accommodation processing.

  When the operator of the control device 38 knows the approximate power consumption of the customer 30 during the power interchange period, the operator may input the predicted maximum power consumption during the power interchange period when instructing the start of the power interchange process.

  A power interchange program that prescribes the power interchange processing is stored in advance in the ROM 92, for example. The CPU 91 reads a power interchange program stored in the ROM 92 and executes a power interchange process.

  Note that the timing at which the control device 38 executes the power accommodation process is not limited to when a start instruction for the power accommodation process is received. For example, after starting the control device 38, the control device 38 may autonomously execute the power accommodation processing at predetermined intervals such as one hour without receiving an instruction to start the power accommodation processing. In this case, a predetermined interval from the start point of the power interchange process is handled as the power interchange period. In addition, it is assumed that the past power consumption of the customer 30 received from the wattmeter 32 is stored in the nonvolatile memory 94. Hereinafter, the interchange of the right to receive power is simply expressed as “accommodate power”.

  First, in step S <b> 10, the control device 38 estimates the maximum value of power consumption of the customer 30 during the power interchange period. There is no restriction on the method of estimating the power consumption of the customer 30 during the power interchange period, and a known estimation method is used. For example, since the fluctuation tendency of the power consumption of the customer 30 often shows the same tendency in the annual cycle, the control device 38 tends to change the past power consumption of the consumer 30 stored in the nonvolatile memory 94. Therefore, the maximum value of the power consumption of the consumer 30 during the power interchange period may be estimated. In addition, when the predicted maximum power consumption during the power interchange period is input in accordance with the start instruction of the power interchange process, the input predicted maximum power consumption may be used as it is. Hereinafter, the maximum value of power consumption estimated in step S10 is simply referred to as “power consumption”.

  In step S <b> 20, the control device 38 determines whether or not the distributed power source 36 is installed in the customer 30. Specifically, the control device 38 may determine that the distributed power source 36 is installed when communication with the distributed power source 36 can be made via the second communication line 80. The determination of whether or not the distributed power source 36 is installed is not limited to this. For example, the presence / absence of the distributed power source 36 is input from the operation panel of the control device 38, and installation information indicating whether the distributed power source 36 is installed is stored in the nonvolatile memory 94 in advance, and the installation information is referred to. Also good. When the distributed power source 36 is installed in the customer 30, the process proceeds to step S30.

  In step S30, the control device 38 estimates the suppliable power of the distributed power source 36 during the power interchange period. If the estimated power that can be supplied from the distributed power source fluctuates, the minimum value of the power that can be supplied from the distributed power source during the power interchange period is set as the power that can be supplied from the distributed power source during the power interchange period. To do. That is, “power that can be supplied from the distributed power source 36 during the power interchange period” can be referred to as power that is guaranteed to be supplied from the distributed power source 36 during the power interchange period.

  When the distributed power source 36 is a fuel cell and the fuel cell determines the power that can be supplied according to the heat demand of the consumer 30, the control device 38 distributes the power during the power interchange period based on the heat demand of the consumer 30. What is necessary is just to estimate the suppliable power of the power source 36. Further, when the fuel cell is set to the power generation mode in which predetermined power is continuously output, the set power may be set as the power that can be supplied to the distributed power source 36 during the power interchange period. The past supplyable power, heat demand, and power generation mode in the customer 30 are acquired from the distributed power source 36, for example.

  In the case where the distributed power source 36 is configured by a power source using solar cells, the control device 38 may estimate the power that can be supplied from the distributed power source 36 based on, for example, weather information. The weather information is obtained, for example, by connecting the communication line 60 between consumers to the Internet. In addition, when the distributed power source 36 is configured by a storage battery, the control device 38 may estimate the suppliable power of the distributed power source 36 based on, for example, the storage amount of the storage battery.

  On the other hand, when it determines with the distributed power supply 36 not being installed in the consumer 30 by step S20, it transfers to step S40, without performing the process of step S30.

  In step S40, the control device 38 subtracts the suppliable power of the distributed power source 36 estimated in step S30 from the power consumption of the consumer 30 estimated in step S10, and estimates the received power of the customer 30 in the power interchange period. . When the distributed power source 36 is not installed in the consumer 30, the power that can be supplied from the distributed power source 36 is regarded as 0 kW, and the received power of the consumer 30 is estimated.

  In step S50, the control device 38 determines whether or not the received power of the consumer 30 estimated in step S40 exceeds the contract power contracted by the consumer 30. The contract power contracted by the customer 30 may be stored in advance in the nonvolatile memory 94, for example.

  When the received power of the customer 30 exceeds the contract power, the process proceeds to step S60, and in step S60, the control device 38 sets a variable Flag provided in advance in the RAM 93 to “1”. The variable Flag is a variable that represents the power supply / demand balance state of the customer 30 during the power interchange period. When the variable Flag is “1”, the customer 30 exceeds the power that the received power exceeds the contract power during the power interchange period. Represents becoming a consumer. Therefore, the excess power consumer needs to find another consumer 30 who can accommodate the power exceeding the contract power (excess power) among the received power during the power interchange period.

  On the other hand, when the received power of the customer 30 is equal to or less than the contract power, the process proceeds to step S70.

  In step S70, the control device 38 determines whether or not the received power of the customer 30 estimated in step S40 is less than the contracted power contracted by the customer 30.

  When the received power of the customer 30 is not less than the contracted power, that is, when the received power of the customer 30 matches the contracted power, the power supply / demand balance in the power interchange period of the customer 30 is in an equilibrium state. There is no need to exchange power with other consumers 30. Therefore, the power interchange process shown in FIG. Note that “the received power matches the contract power” means that the received power is equal to or less than the contract power and that the difference between the received power and the contract power is within a predetermined range.

  On the other hand, when the received power of the customer 30 is less than the contract power, the process proceeds to step S80, and in step S80, the control device 38 sets the variable Flag to “2”. When the variable Flag is “2”, it indicates that the consumer 30 becomes a surplus power consumer whose received power is less than the contract power during the power interchange period. That is, the surplus power consumer has a power reception right that can further receive the power obtained by subtracting the received power from the contract power (room power) during the power interchange period. Therefore, the power surplus consumer interchanges the power reception right during the power interchange period with the power surplus consumer.

  Specifically, in step S90, the control device 38 sets the control device number, the value of the variable Flag, the power interchange period, excess power in the case of an excess power consumer, and surplus power in the case of a power surplus consumer. The accommodation information is transmitted to the control device 38 of each customer 30 connected by the communication line 60 between customers. Since the power interchange process is performed for each control device 38 of each consumer 30, the control device 38 also receives interchange information from the control device 38 of each consumer 30. The control device number is an identification number of the control device 38 assigned in advance to each control device 38.

  Based on the received accommodation information, the control device 38 selects a consumer 30 that can exchange power. For example, when the consumer 30 is an excess power consumer, the variable Flag is “2” from the received accommodation information, that is, a surplus electricity consumer, over the electricity accommodation period desired by the excess electricity consumer. Then, the customer 30 that has transmitted accommodation information that can accommodate the right to receive power exceeding the excess power is selected. Further, when the consumer 30 is a surplus power consumer, the variable Flag is “1” from the received accommodation information, that is, a power surplus consumer, over the power accommodation period set by the power surplus consumer. Then, the customer 30 who has transmitted the accommodation information for which the right to receive power less than the marginal power is requested is selected. Note that if any of the received accommodation information does not satisfy the selection condition as the accommodation destination of the power receiving right, the control device 38 does not select the customer 30 with which the electricity is interchanged.

  In step S100, the control device 38 determines whether or not the customer 30 with which power is interchanged is selected in step S90. When the customer 30 that interchanges power is not selected, the power interchange process shown in FIG. 4 is terminated.

  On the other hand, when the customer 30 who can exchange power is selected, the process proceeds to step S110.

  In step S110, the control device 38 refers to the value of the variable Flag set by the own device, and determines whether or not the variable Flag is “1”, that is, the consumer 30 is an excess power consumer. When the variable Flag is “1”, the process proceeds to step S120.

  In step S120, the control device 38 acquires the right to receive power from the customer 30 who can interchange the power selected in step S90. Specifically, a power reception right acquisition message including the magnitude of power to be acquired and the power interchange period is transmitted to the control device 38 of the customer 30 selected in step S90. On the other hand, when an approval message is received from the control device 38 of the customer 30 selected in step S90, the acquisition of the power reception right is completed.

  In step S130, the control device 38 increases the set upper limit of the contract power by the power corresponding to the power receiving right acquired in step S120 at the start time of the power interchange period, and at the end time of the power interchange period, Set to return to contract power. Thereby, over the power interchange period, the contract power of the customer 30 becomes equal to or higher than the received power estimated in step S <b> 40, and the power necessary for driving the load 34 can be obtained from the power supply source 20.

  On the other hand, if the variable Flag is other than “1” in step S110, that is, if the consumer 30 is a surplus power consumer, the process proceeds to step S140.

  In step S140, the control device 38 transfers the power reception right to the customer 30 selected in step S90. Specifically, the power receiving right transfer message including the magnitude of power to be transferred and the power interchange period is transmitted to the control device 38 of the customer 30 selected in step S90. On the other hand, when the approval message is received from the control device 38 of the customer 30 selected in step S90, the transfer of the power reception right is completed.

  As described above, the power interchange process shown in FIG. 4 is completed.

  FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram showing an example of transferring the power reception right from the power surplus consumer in which the distributed power source 36 is installed to the power surplus consumer in accordance with the power interchange process shown in FIG. In addition, although the distributed power source 36 may be installed also in the electric power excess consumer, the case where the distributed power source 36 is not installed is demonstrated here.

  The contract power of both the power surplus consumer and the power surplus consumer is 5 kW, the power consumption of the power surplus consumer during the power interchange period is 2 kW, and the suppliable power of the distributed power source 36 is 1 kW. That is, the surplus power of the power surplus consumer during the power interchange period is 4 kW. In addition, the power consumption of the excess power consumer during the power interchange period is 8 kW. That is, the excess power of the excess power consumer during the power interchange period is 3 kW. Therefore, by transferring the 4 kW power receiving right from the surplus power consumer to the power surplus consumer, the contract power of the power surplus consumer during the power interchange period increases to 9 kW, and the power consumption is 8 kW in the power surplus consumer. 34 can be driven.

  In this case, even if not all surplus power of the surplus power consumer is transferred to the surplus power consumer, if a part of the surplus power (specifically 3 kW) is transferred, the power consumption is reduced during the power interchange period. An 8 kW load 34 can be driven. As described above, the control device 38 can transfer the right to receive power within the range of the marginal power or less in accordance with the excess power of the excess power consumer.

  It should be noted that when the excess power consumer selects the consumer 30 with which power is interchanged in step S90, the consumer 30 that can accommodate power exceeding the excess power over the power interchange period is selected. You may select the consumer 30 which can accommodate less electric power. In this case, a plurality of consumers 30 are selected such that the total amount of power corresponding to the power reception right to be acquired is equal to or greater than the excess power over the power interchange period. In step S120, each of the selected plurality of consumers 30 is selected. What is necessary is just to acquire the right to receive power. Conversely, when the surplus power consumer selects the consumer 30 with which power is interchanged in step S90, the customer 30 who has been seeking power below the surplus power over the power interchange period has been selected. You may select the consumer 30 who is seeking the electric power which exceeds.

  In addition, when the excess power consumer selects the consumer 30 with which power is interchanged in step S90, the consumer 30 that can accommodate power over the power interchange period desired by the excess power consumer is selected. The customer 30 who can accommodate power only for less than the power accommodation period may be selected. In this case, a plurality of consumers 30 may be selected so as to obtain power reception rights over the power interchange period, and power reception rights may be acquired from each of the selected plurality of consumers 30 in step S120. . On the other hand, when the surplus power consumer selects the consumer 30 with which power is interchanged in step S90, the customer 30 who is seeking power within the power interchange period is selected, but the power is exceeded beyond the power interchange period. The demanding customer 30 may be selected.

  Moreover, in step S100, when the customer 30 that can exchange power cannot be selected, the power accommodation process shown in FIG. 4 is ended. However, accommodation information is obtained from other customers 30 until the power accommodation period starts. You may make it select the customer 30 which receives and satisfy | fills the selection conditions as an electric power interchange partner. If the customer 30 who satisfies the selection condition as a power interchange destination still does not appear, the power interchange processing is terminated.

  In this case, marginal power can be obtained by estimating the power that can be supplied from the distributed power source 36 during the power interchange period without subtracting the received power during the power interchange period from the contract power of the surplus power consumer. Therefore, the process for calculating the surplus power is not required, and the time required for acquiring the surplus power is shortened as compared with the case where the surplus power is calculated from the contract power and the received power. If the time required for acquiring surplus power is shortened, the time until generating interchange information including surplus power is also shortened, so that power can be interchanged with other customers 30 more quickly. There is a case.

  As described above, according to the power interchange system 100 according to the present embodiment, even when the distributed power source 36 is installed in the consumer 30, the marginal power is calculated in consideration of the power that can be supplied from the distributed power source 36. In addition, power can be interchanged between the consumers 30. Moreover, in the power interchange system 100, since the electric power itself is not interchanged between the consumers 30, but the right to receive power is interchanged, there is no need to pay a consignment fee to the electric power company. Furthermore, in the power interchange system 100, the customer who has installed the distributed power supply 36 has the advantage that the received power can be reduced by supplying power from the distributed power supply 36 to the load 34 (value of kW of the distributed power supply 36). It can be enjoyed not only by the customer 30 but also by the customer 30 who does not have the distributed power source 36 installed.

  Note that the customer 30 who has supplied power to another customer 30 may obtain a price associated with the power supply. For example, in step S120 of FIG. 4, when the control device 38 installed in the consumer 30 that has accommodated power receives an approval message from the control device 38 installed in the consumer 30 that is the accommodation destination of power, for example, accommodation is allowed. The power interchange notification may be transmitted to the management device 10 including the magnitude of the power, the power interchange period, and the control device number of the control device 38 installed in the consumer 30 of the accommodation destination.

  Based on the power interchange notification received from the consumer 30, the management device 10 pays the amount of power accommodated to the consumer 30 that accommodates power and the compensation according to the power interchange period, The amount of power received by the received customer 30 and the price corresponding to the power interchange period are collected. In this way, if a fee is generated for the interchange of power, the surplus power consumer actively tries to accommodate the surplus power to the surplus power customer as compared with the case where the fee is not generated. Therefore, even if the excess power consumer does not make a contract to increase the contract power with the electric power company, it becomes easy for the surplus power consumer to exchange power only during the period when the excess power is generated. The consideration associated with the interchange of electric power may be set uniformly by the electric power company, but may be set by each customer 30 according to the supply cost and urgency of the electric power in the distributed power source 36. .

  From the viewpoint of the electric power company, it is necessary to make capital investment related to the supply of electric power in accordance with the total value of contracted power of each customer 30 in the power supply area. By being suppressed, capital investment related to the supply of electric power is suppressed.

  In addition, the management device 10 transmits in advance the price associated with the interchange of power to the control device 38 installed in each customer 30 in the power supply area, and the control device 38 determines that the transmitted price is, for example, in advance When the price is equal to or more than the predetermined value, the surplus power may be accommodated to the excess power consumer. Conversely, the control device 38 installed in the excess power consumer may accept power interchange when the transmitted consideration is equal to or less than a predetermined consideration, for example.

Second Embodiment
The control apparatus 38 which concerns on 1st Embodiment estimates the power consumption of the consumer 30 in an electric power interchange period, and determines whether the consumer 30 becomes an electric power surplus consumer or an electric power excess consumer in an electric power interchange period. However, it is often difficult to estimate power consumption.

  Therefore, the control device 38 of the customer 30 in which the distributed power source 36 is installed assumes the power that can be supplied from the distributed power source 36 during the power interchange period on the assumption that the received power of the customer 30 does not exceed the contract power. You may treat it as surplus power as it is.

  With reference to FIG. 6, the effect | action of the electric power interchange process of the electric power interchange system 100 performed with the control apparatus 38 of the consumer 30 in which the distributed power supply 36 is installed is demonstrated. Note that the control device 38 in the present embodiment refers to the control device 38 of the customer 30 in which the distributed power source 36 is installed unless otherwise specified. In addition, the power that can be supplied from the distributed power source 36 during the power interchange period is assumed to exceed 0 kW.

  FIG. 6 is a flowchart illustrating an example of the flow of the power accommodation process executed by the CPU 91 of the control device 38 when, for example, an instruction to start the power accommodation processing is received from the operation panel of the control device 38.

  The power interchange process shown in FIG. 6 is realized by combining the processes of the power interchange process according to the first embodiment shown in FIG.

  First, in step S30, the control device 38 estimates the suppliable power of the distributed power source 36 during the power interchange period. Various estimation methods described in the first embodiment are used to estimate the power that can be supplied from the distributed power source 36.

  In step S80, the control device 38 sets the variable Flag to “2” to indicate that it is a surplus power consumer during the power interchange period.

  In step S90, the control apparatus 38 selects the consumer 30 which interchanges electric power based on accommodation information as already demonstrated.

  In step S100, the control device 38 determines whether or not the customer 30 with which power is interchanged is selected in step S90. When the customer 30 that interchanges power is not selected, the power interchange process shown in FIG. 6 is terminated. On the other hand, when the customer 30 who can exchange power is selected, the process proceeds to step S140.

  In step S140, the control device 38 transfers the power reception right to the customer 30 selected in step S90. Specifically, the power receiving right transfer message including the magnitude of power to be transferred below the suppliable power and the power interchange period is transmitted to the control device 38 of the customer 30 selected in step S90. On the other hand, when the approval message is received from the control device 38 of the customer 30 selected in step S90, the transfer of the power reception right is completed, and the power interchange process shown in FIG. 6 is ended.

  In this way, the control device 38 can transfer the right to receive power to the excess power consumer within the range of power that can be supplied.

  Note that the power surplus consumer to which the control device 38 transfers the right to receive power is not limited to one, and can be transferred to a plurality of power surplus consumers as long as the power can be supplied.

  As mentioned above, although this invention was demonstrated using embodiment, this invention is not limited to the range as described in embodiment. Various changes or improvements can be added to the embodiments without departing from the gist of the present invention, and forms to which the changes or improvements are added are also included in the technical scope of the present invention. For example, the order of the power interchange processing shown in FIG. 4 may be changed without departing from the gist of the present invention.

  In the first embodiment, an example in which an auxiliary device having a communication function is connected to a wattmeter having no communication function to extend the function of the wattmeter has been described, but the function of the wattmeter using the auxiliary device has been described. The extension example is not limited to the communication function. For example, some of the functions of the wattmeter 32, such as a function of changing the upper limit of the contract power, may be realized by connecting an auxiliary device to the wattmeter.

  Further, in the embodiment, the form in which the power interchange process is realized by software has been described as an example. However, the process equivalent to the flowcharts illustrated in FIGS. 4 and 6 is implemented in, for example, an ASIC (Application Specific Integrated Circuit), You may make it process with hardware. In this case, the processing speed can be increased as compared with the case where the power interchange processing is executed by software.

  In the above-described embodiment, the power interchange program is installed in the ROM 92. However, the present invention is not limited to this. The power interchange program according to the present invention can be provided in a form recorded on a computer-readable recording medium. For example, the power interchange program according to the present invention may be provided in a form recorded on an optical disc such as a CD (Compact Disc) -ROM or a DVD (Digital Versatile Disc) -ROM. The power interchange program according to the present invention may be provided in a form recorded in a semiconductor memory such as a USB memory and a flash memory. Furthermore, the power interchange program according to the present invention may be acquired from an external device connected to the communication line 60 between consumers storing the power interchange program.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 10 ... Management apparatus 20 ... Power supply source 30 ... Consumer 32 ... Power meter 34 ... Load 36 ... Distributed power supply 38 ... Control apparatus 40 ... Communication line 50- .. power line 60... Consumer communication line 62... Input device 64 .. display device 66 .. communication device 70... First communication line 80. Computer 91 ... CPU
100 ... Power interchange system

Moreover, the power interchange system according to the present invention includes a plurality of consumers that receive control power from an electric power company with an upper limit of contract power, including control devices connected to each other via communication lines. A distributed power source that can be controlled so as to supply supply power equal to or lower than the power consumed by the consumer is installed in at least one of the consumers, and the control device in a consumer that does not have the distributed power source installed includes the distributed power source. When the right to receive power is transferred from the control device in the customer where the power is installed, power can be received from the electric power company in accordance with the amount of power corresponding to the right to receive power during the period in which the right to receive power can be exercised. as the received power that can be increased, the control of the upper limit of the contract demand, said the control device in the consumer the distributed power supply is installed, Yuzuru the receiving rights Even if you are, do not change the contract power in demand who has transferred the power receiving right.

Claims (5)

Including a control device connected to each other via a communication line, comprising a plurality of consumers for receiving power up to the contract power from an electric power company,
At least one of the plurality of consumers is installed with a distributed power source that can be controlled to supply power equal to or lower than the power consumption in the consumer,
The control device in a consumer in which the distributed power source is installed is an estimation unit that estimates the suppliable power that can be supplied from the distributed power source in a predetermined period in the future,
From among other consumers, select a consumer that accommodates the power that can be supplied from the distributed power source estimated by the estimating means, and supply the distributed power source to the control device installed in the selected consumer A power interchange system comprising: a control means for transferring a right to receive power less than possible power. The said estimation means estimates the minimum value of the electric power supplied from the said distributed power supply in the said predetermined period as the suppliable electric power of the said distributed power supply, when the electric power which can be supplied of the said distributed power supply fluctuates. Power interchange system. 3. The power interchange system according to claim 1, wherein the control unit assigns a right to receive power equal to or less than the power that can be supplied by the distributed power source to each of the control devices installed in a plurality of selected consumers. Including a control device connected to each other via a communication line, comprising a plurality of consumers for receiving power up to the contract power from an electric power company,
At least one of the plurality of consumers is installed with a distributed power source that can be controlled so as to supply power that is less than or equal to the power consumed by the consumer,
The control device in a consumer where the distributed power source is not installed is a period in which the right to receive power can be exercised when the right to receive power is transferred from the control device in the customer where the distributed power source is installed. A power interchange system that controls an upper limit of the contract power so that received power that can be received from the electric power company increases in accordance with the amount of power corresponding to the right to receive power. The power interchange system according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the distributed power source is a fuel cell.