JP7063749B2 - Power control device and power control method - Google Patents

Description

The present invention relates to a power control device and a power control method.

In recent years, the development of VPP (Visual Power Plant), which controls solar power generation systems and storage batteries distributed on the consumer side and utilizes them as virtual power plants, is being promoted. In particular, a technique that combines VPP and demand response to suppress power consumption and secure supply capacity when power supply and demand is tight is attracting attention.

Therefore, a technique for controlling a storage battery installed in each consumer has been developed based on information on the supply capacity and the electric power demand in the electric power system. A regional power supply and demand control system that realizes power peak off for multiple consumer homes equipped with storage batteries has also been proposed.

Japanese Patent No. 6097592

However, the usage conditions of the storage battery differ depending on the customer. For example, the storage battery of some consumers is not discharged while the power generated by the photovoltaic power generation system is reversely flowed (during power sale). On the other hand, the storage battery of another consumer can be discharged up to the amount of demand in the house even while the power generated by the photovoltaic power generation system is reversely flowed. In addition, there are storage batteries capable of discharge and reverse power flow (such as storage batteries for which FIT (Fixed Price Purchase System) has been applied) regardless of whether or not the power generated by the photovoltaic power generation system is reverse power flow. In the above system, no consideration is given to the usage conditions of such a storage battery.

The present invention provides a power control device and a power control method for efficiently controlling supply and demand using storage batteries owned by a plurality of consumers.

The electric power control device according to the present invention is a power control device that controls the supply and demand of electric power in the electric power system by using storage batteries installed in a plurality of consumers linked to the electric power system, and includes a control unit. The storage battery is generated by at least the first type of storage battery that cannot be discharged when the power generated by the consumer's photovoltaic power generation system is reverse power flow to the power system, and the consumer's photovoltaic power generation system. It is one of the second types of storage batteries that can be discharged even when power is reverse power flowed to the power system. The control unit determines the type of the storage battery used for the supply / demand control according to the time zone for performing the supply / demand control, and uses the storage battery of the consumer in which the determined type of storage battery is installed. Controls the supply and demand of electricity.

The figure which shows the structural example of the electric power control system which concerns on 1st Embodiment. The block diagram which showed the structure of the electric power control apparatus which concerns on 1st Embodiment. The figure which showed the example of the consumer data. The figure which showed the example of the duck curve. The figure which showed the remaining amount of the storage battery of the consumer to which FIT is applied by a graph. A graph showing the remaining amount of storage batteries of consumers to whom FIT is not applied. Flowchart of the process to confirm the contents of the demand response request. Flowchart of processing when executing demand response in the evening time zone. Flowchart of processing when executing demand response in the morning time zone. Flowchart of processing when demand response is executed in the daytime.

Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. Further, in the drawings, the same components are given the same number, and the description thereof will be omitted as appropriate.

(First Embodiment)
FIG. 1 shows a configuration example of a power control system according to the first embodiment. The power control system of FIG. 1 includes consumers 1a, 1b, 1c, 1d, a power control device (server) 8, and a power system 9. The consumer 1a is interconnected with the power system 9 via the power cable 5a. Similarly, the consumers 1b, 1c, and 1d are interconnected with the power system 9 via the power cables 5b, 5c, and 5d, respectively. Therefore, the consumers 1a, 1b, 1c, and 1d can receive power from the power system 9. Further, the consumers 1a, 1b, 1c, and 1d can reverse the power flow to the power system 9. Although one power control device (server) 8 is shown in the figure, a plurality of power control devices 8 may be arranged and the plurality of power control devices may be linked with different consumers. Further, the same consumer may be linked with two or more power control devices.

The power system 9 shall include various facilities for power generation, substation, and power transmission such as a power plant, a substation, and a power transmission line. An example of the electric power system 9 is an electric power system such as an electric power company. However, the entity that operates and manages the power system 9 is not particularly limited. For example, the electric power system 9 may be connected to both a power plant of an electric power company and a power plant operated and managed by another business operator. Further, the equipment of a plurality of electric power companies may be interconnected. That is, the power system 9 may be a combination of power systems operated and managed by a plurality of businesses. Further, the scale of the power system 9 is not particularly limited. Therefore, the electric power system 9 may be a large-scale system that includes a plurality of metropolitan areas, or may be a small-scale system that supplies electric power to remote islands.

Further, the consumers 1a, 1b, 1c and 1d are connected to the power control device 8 via the network 6. The power control device 8 is connected to the power system 9 via the network 7. The power control device 8 is provided with means for monitoring the status of power demand and supply capacity in the power system 9 and requesting a demand response (DR: Demand Response) from each consumer according to the status. However, the power control device 8 may receive the demand response from another power control device connected to the power system 9, and the power control device 8 may perform control according to the demand response. A plurality of power control devices 8 may be linked to each other to share and execute demand response. The functions and configurations of the power control device 8 will be described later.

Examples of communication media of networks 6 and 7 include optical fiber, LAN cable, telephone line, coaxial cable, wireless or a combination thereof. However, the type of communication medium is not particularly limited. Specific examples of the networks 6 and 7 include a local area network such as Ethernet (registered trademark) or wireless LAN, a wide area network such as the Internet, and the like, but the type of network is not particularly limited. The network 6 and the network 7 may be the same network or may be separate networks independent of each other.

Consumers 1a, 1b, 1c, and 1d are electric power consumers who use electric power to operate various devices for living and business execution. Examples of consumers 1a, 1b, 1c, and 1d include detached houses, apartment houses, buildings, stores, factories, schools, hospitals, and the like, but the types of electric power consumers are not particularly limited. Although FIG. 1 shows four consumers for the sake of explanation, there may actually be more consumers. For example, there may be hundreds to tens of thousands of consumers.

The consumer 1a includes a solar power generation system 2a, a home management device (terminal) 3a, and a third-type storage battery (third storage battery) 30. The solar power generation system 2a and the third storage battery 30 are connected to the power system 9 via the power cable 5a. The home management device 3a is an information processing device including a processor (CPU), a storage unit, and a communication unit. The home management device 3a is connected to the network 6 via a communication unit. The home management device 3a controls each component installed in the consumer 1a while performing data communication with the power control device 8. Further, the home management device 3a may notify the power control device 8 of the type of the storage battery installed in the consumer 1a. Alternatively, the operator may register the type of the storage battery of the consumer 1a in the power control device 8. The home management device 3a may notify the power control device 8 of information other than the type of the storage battery, for example, information on the state of the storage battery (remaining amount of power, etc.). Details of the solar power generation system 2a and the third storage battery 30 will be described later.

The consumer 1b includes a solar power generation system 2b, an in-house management device 3b, a reverse power relay 4b, and a first-class storage battery (first storage battery) 10. The photovoltaic power generation system 2b and the first storage battery 10 are connected to the power system 9 via the power cable 5b. The home management device 3b is also an information processing device including a processor (CPU), a storage unit, and a communication unit. The home management device 3b is also connected to the network 6 via the communication unit. The home management device 3b controls each component installed in the consumer 1b while performing data communication with the power control device 8. Further, the home management device 3b may notify the power control device 8 of the type of the storage battery installed in the consumer 1b. Alternatively, the operator may register the type of the storage battery of the consumer 1b in the power control device 8. The home management device 3b may notify the power control device 8 of information other than the type of the storage battery, for example, information on the state of the storage battery (remaining amount of power, etc.). Details of the solar power generation system 2b, the reverse power relay 4b, and the first storage battery 10 will be described later.

The consumer 1c includes a solar power generation system 2c, an in-house management device 3c, and a second type storage battery (second storage battery) 20. The solar power generation system 2c and the second storage battery 20 are connected to the power system 9 via the power cable 5c. The home management device 3c is an information processing device including a processor (CPU), a storage unit, and a communication unit. The home management device 3c is connected to the network 6 via a communication unit. The home management device 3c controls each component installed in the consumer 1c while performing data communication with the power control device 8. Further, the home management device 3c may notify the power control device 8 of the type of the storage battery installed in the consumer 1c. Alternatively, the operator may register the type of the storage battery of the consumer 1c in the power control device 8. The home management device 3c may notify the power control device 8 of information other than the type of the storage battery, for example, information on the state of the storage battery (remaining amount of power, etc.). Details of the solar power generation system 2c and the second storage battery 20 will be described later.

Similarly, the consumer 1d includes a solar power generation system 2d, an in-home management device 3d, and a second type storage battery (second storage battery) 21. The solar power generation system 2d and the second storage battery 21 are connected to the power system 9 via the power cable 5d. The home management device 3d is an information processing device including a processor (CPU), a storage unit, and a communication unit. The home management device 3d is connected to the network 6 via a communication unit. The home management device 3d controls each component installed in the consumer 1d while performing data communication with the power control device 8. Further, the home management device 3d may notify the power control device 8 of the type of the storage battery installed in the consumer 1d. Alternatively, the operator may register the type of the storage battery of the consumer 1d in the power control device 8. The home management device 3d may notify the power control device 8 of information other than the type of the storage battery, for example, information on the state of the storage battery (remaining amount of power, etc.). Details of the solar power generation system 2d and the second storage battery 21 will be described later.

It should be noted that all the consumers connected to the power system 9 do not necessarily have to have a photovoltaic power generation system and a storage battery like the consumers 1a, 1b, 1c, and 1d. For example, a consumer who has a photovoltaic power generation system but does not have a storage battery may be connected to the power system 9, or a consumer who has a storage battery but does not have a photovoltaic power generation system. May be interconnected with the power system 9. A consumer who has neither a photovoltaic power generation system nor a storage battery may be connected to the power system 9. Consumers with other power generation facilities, such as wind power generation systems, geothermal power generation systems, and biomass fuel power generation systems, may be interconnected to the power system 9. That is, the combination of electric power equipment owned by the consumer is not particularly limited. A photovoltaic power generation system and a storage battery may be installed in all the consumers connected to the power system 9.

The photovoltaic power generation systems 2a, 2b, 2c, and 2d generate electricity by the radiant energy of the sun. Consumers 1a, 1b, 1c, and 1d can consume the power generated by the photovoltaic power generation system in-house. By self-consumption, the amount of electric power supplied from the electric power system 9 of the electric power company can be reduced. In addition, the utilization rate of renewable energy in the entire power system can be increased. In addition, if the feed-in tariff (FIT) is applied or if a voluntary power sale contract is concluded, the power generated by the solar power generation system will be sold to a business operator such as an electric power company to generate income. Can be obtained.

In the feed-in tariff system, there are a total purchase method and a surplus electricity purchase method. The method in which the business operator purchases the entire amount of electric power generated by the consumer's solar power generation system is called the total purchase method. The method in which the consumer consumes the power generated by the solar power generation system in-house and the business operator purchases the remaining power is called the surplus power purchase method. Hereinafter, the power control system according to the present embodiment will be described assuming the case of the surplus power purchase method. However, the power control system according to the present invention is possible even in the case of the total purchase method.

Here, the types of storage batteries will be described.

As described above, there are storage batteries under various conditions, such as storage batteries for consumers to whom FIT is applied and storage batteries for consumers who are not subject to FIT. Further, as will be described later, the usage pattern tends to be different depending on the type of the storage battery, for example, the remaining amount of the storage battery in each time zone and the charging time zone of the storage battery tend to be different. As will be described later, the electric power control system according to the present embodiment executes demand response (electric power supply and demand control) using the storage battery of each consumer when the electric power supply and demand is tight. At this time, the priority according to the type of the storage battery is determined for each type of storage battery according to the time zone in which the demand response is performed. The types of storage batteries are selected in the order according to the determined priority, and discharge and reverse power flow are performed using the storage batteries of each consumer who owns the selected type of storage batteries. This efficiently adapts to demand response and enhances the supply capacity of the power system.

The first storage battery 10 of the consumer 1b and the third storage battery 30 of the consumer 1a are both storage batteries installed in the consumer to which the feed-in tariff (FIT) is applied. The second storage battery 20 of the consumer 1c and the second storage battery 21 of the consumer 1d are storage batteries after the end of FIT. Hereinafter, the first storage battery 10, the third storage battery 30, the second storage battery 20, and the second storage battery 21 will be described in detail.

The first storage battery 10 is a storage battery that cannot be discharged (discharge is not performed or discharge is stopped) when the power generated by the photovoltaic power generation system 2b (surplus power) is reversely flowed to the power system. Is. Therefore, depending on the timing at which the demand response is executed, the electric power stored in the first storage battery 10 may not be discharged to the power system 9. Discharging means outputting electric power from a storage battery for use within a consumer. The discharge stop (discharge stop function) of the first storage battery 10 is realized by a reverse power relay (RPR: Reverse Power Relay) 4b. The reverse power relay is an example, and other types of devices may be used to realize the above-mentioned discharge stop function. The first storage battery 10 can be discharged when the amount of power generated by the photovoltaic power generation system 2b does not exceed the amount of power consumed by the consumer (that is, the power generated by the photovoltaic power generation system is in the power system. Only when there is no reverse power flow). Of the electric power generated by the photovoltaic power generation system 2b during the daytime, the surplus generated electric power that is not consumed in-house is reversely flowed to the electric power system 9, and during this period, the first storage battery 10 stops discharging. The electric power stored in the first storage battery 10 is not sold, and the target of the electric power sale is the surplus electric power generated by the solar power generation system 2b, which exceeds the in-house consumption.

The third storage battery 30 discharges the power generated by the photovoltaic power generation system 2a up to the demand amount in the consumer (power usage amount in the consumer) even when the power is reversely flowed to the power system 9 (during power sale). It is a possible storage battery. For example, it is possible to sell all the electric power generated by the solar power generation system 2a and supplement all the demand with the third storage battery 30. Alternatively, it is possible to sell a part of the electric power generated by the photovoltaic power generation system 2a, and use the remaining part and the electric power discharged from the third storage battery 30 to satisfy the demand amount in the consumer.

A form such as the first storage battery 10 in which the power generated by the consumer's solar power generation system is not discharged from the storage battery while being reverse power flow (sold) is called single power generation. On the other hand, a form such as the third storage battery 30 in which all or part of the electric power generated by the solar power generation system of the consumer is reverse-flowed and discharged from the storage battery of the consumer is called double power generation. Since consumers can sell more power by performing double power generation, they sell power (reverse power flow) during times when the selling price (for example, the selling price per kWh) is high, and the buying price (for example). By charging the storage battery at a low time (the purchase price per kWh), the utility cost can be suppressed. In the case of double power generation, the power discharged from the storage battery can be used by the consumer, and most of the generated power can be reverse-flowed, so that the effect of boosting the amount of power sold can be obtained.

A storage battery whose discharge stop function can be enabled / disabled (single power generation mode / double power generation mode) may be used depending on the setting. In such a case, the same storage battery can be used as the first storage battery or as the third storage battery depending on the setting.

The second storage battery 20 and the second storage battery 21 are storage batteries (storage batteries after the end of FIT) installed in consumers who are not covered by the feed-in tariff (FIT) system. Consumers 1c and 1d who own the second storage battery 20 and the second storage battery 21 store the generated power in the second storage batteries 20 and 21 regardless of whether or not the photovoltaic power generation system reverses the power generation. The existing power (power discharged by the second storage batteries 20 and 21) can be reverse power flow or discharged. The discharge power of the second storage battery 20 and the second storage battery 21 may not be restricted to the upper limit of the amount used in the house as in the third storage battery. As with the first storage battery 10, the second storage battery 20 or the second storage battery 21 may be combined with a reverse power relay so that the discharge stop function can be enabled / disabled.

The consumer 1c and the consumer 1d may suppress the consumption of the electric power supplied from the electric power system 9 by self-consuming the electric power discharged from the second storage battery 20 and the second storage battery 21. Further, the consumer 1c and the consumer 1d may reverse the discharge power of the second storage battery 20 and the second storage battery 21 to the power system 9. The reverse power flow may be sold based on a contract concluded between the consumer and the business operator (for example, a power transmission and distribution business operator, a retail electric power business operator, etc.), or the business operator undertakes it free of charge. May be good. At the same time that the power of the second storage battery 20 and the second storage battery 21 is reverse-powered (sold) to the power system 9, the generated power of the solar power generation systems 2c and 2d may be reverse-powered (sold). Therefore, depending on the settings of the second storage batteries 20 and 21, the consumer 1c and 1d may be able to supply more power to the power system 9 than the consumer 1a in which the third storage battery 30 is installed. ..

A power conditioner system (PCS) (not shown) is provided in the storage battery of each consumer 1a to 1d and the solar power generation system of each consumer 1a to 1d. The PCS of each storage battery may be shared with the PCS of the photovoltaic power generation system, or may be a PCS provided separately from the photovoltaic power generation system. Here, a dual-purpose PCS is assumed. The PCS of each consumer may have a function of suppressing discharge from the storage battery according to the state of sunlight (for example, solar radiation intensity), time zone (power generation time zone), and instructions from the power system 9. As an example of the instruction from the power system 9, the solar power generation state in the area (the power generation state of the solar power generation system of each consumer) may be lower than the predetermined state. Similarly, the power control device 8 discharges from the storage battery of each consumer according to the state of sunlight (for example, solar radiation intensity), time zone (power generation time zone), and instruction from the power system 9 of each consumer in the area. It may have a function of suppressing.

The power control system of FIG. 1 includes all types of storage batteries of the first storage battery, the second storage battery, and the third storage battery, but does not necessarily include all types of storage batteries, and at least two types. All you need is a storage battery.

In the following description, the term "storage battery" includes all of the first storage battery, the second storage battery, and the third storage battery.

As described above, the types of storage batteries (first storage battery, second storage battery, third storage battery) are distinguished not only by the configuration of the storage battery but also by the usage method based on the setting of the storage battery and the contract status of the customer. It is possible that the type of storage battery owned by a certain consumer may shift to a different type of storage battery. For example, when the contract content based on FIT is switched from double power generation to single power generation, the type of storage battery of the consumer changes from the first storage battery to the third storage battery. The type of the storage battery whose power purchase period by FIT has expired shifts from the first storage battery or the third storage battery to the second storage battery.

Specific examples of the storage battery include a nickel ion secondary battery having a plurality of cells, a lead storage battery, a nickel / hydrogen storage battery, and the like, but the number and method of the storage battery are not particularly limited. Further, the number, method, and capacity of the storage batteries installed in each consumer may be the same. Further, storage batteries having different numbers of cells, methods, and capacities may be installed.

Next, the details of the power control device 8 will be described. FIG. 2 is a block diagram showing a configuration of the power control device according to the first embodiment. Hereinafter, each component of the power control device 8 will be described with reference to FIG. 2.

The power control device 8 is a server including a communication unit 11, a processing unit 12, and a storage unit 13. The processing unit 12 includes a DR request unit 14, an information collection unit 15, and a demand forecast unit 16 as internal components. The storage unit 13 includes a power demand database (power demand DB) 17 and a consumer database (customer DB) 18 as internal components.

The communication unit 11 transmits / receives data to / from the home management device of each consumer via the network 6. Further, the communication unit 11 receives information on the electric power demand and the electric power supply amount of the electric power system 9 with the external server (not shown) installed in the electric power system 9 via the network 7. Examples of the communication unit 11 include communication devices such as NIC (Network Interface Card) and wireless communication modules, but the type of communication device is not particularly limited.

The processing unit 12 executes information processing including various operations and controls, and realizes the function of the power control device 8. The processing unit 12 is implemented by, for example, a processor such as a CPU, a hardware circuit such as an ASIC or CPLD, a program such as an OS (Operating System) or an application, or a combination thereof.

The storage unit 13 has a storage area for storing various data, a program operated by the power control device 8, and the like. The storage unit 13 may be, for example, a volatile memory such as SRAM or DRAM, or a non-volatile memory such as NAND, MRAM, or FRAM. Further, it may be a storage device such as a hard disk or SSD, or an external storage device, and the type of the device is not particularly limited. Further, the storage unit 13 may be a combination of a plurality of types of memory devices and storage devices.

Next, each component included in the processing unit 12 will be described.

The DR request unit 14 includes a DR determination unit 14A, a priority determination unit 14B, and a control unit 14C. The DR determination unit 14A refers to the electric power demand database 17 and determines whether or not it is necessary to issue a demand response to the consumer based on the electric power demand and the supply capacity in the electric power system 9. If it is determined that the supply and demand of electric power in the electric power system 9 is tight, the DR determination unit 14A determines that it is necessary to issue a demand response (DR: Demand Response) to the consumer. When the DR determination unit 14A determines that it is necessary to issue a demand response, the DR determination unit 14A issues a demand response to the consumer.

For example, the DR determination unit 14A may determine that the supply and demand of electric power is tight when the supply reserve capacity of the electric power system 9 (the margin of the supply capacity with respect to the current electric power demand) becomes equal to or less than the threshold value. .. Further, it may be determined that the supply and demand of electric power is tight when the ratio of the supply reserve capacity and the supply capacity of the electric power system 9 at the present time becomes equal to or less than the threshold value. Different threshold values may be used depending on the season and time zone, or the determination may be made in combination with other conditions. These determination methods are merely examples, and the criteria for determining that the supply and demand of the power system 9 is tight by the DR determination unit 14A are not particularly limited.

It should be noted that the determination as to whether or not it is necessary to issue a demand response may be performed by a program executed by the processing unit 12 of the power control device 8. Further, the operator may operate the power control device 8 after determining the necessity of the demand response, and input whether or not the demand response is necessary. Whether or not the supply and demand of electric power is tight may be determined at regular intervals. In this case, it is determined whether or not a demand response is issued at regular intervals. Here, the power control device 8 issues a demand response, but the demand response is issued by a higher-level server (not shown) of the power control device 8, and the issued demand response is received by the power control device 8 to control the power. The device 8 may decide to execute the demand response.

As described above, the restrictions on the usage conditions of the consumer differ depending on the type of storage battery (for example, in the first storage battery, the discharge is stopped during the reverse power flow of the generated power of the photovoltaic power generation system), and the discharge is stopped depending on the time zone. There is also a difference in the expected remaining amount. Therefore, the priority determination unit 14B of the DR request unit 14 preferentially uses the type of storage battery based on the timing (time zone) for issuing the demand response and the length of the period in which the supply and demand of electric power is expected to be tight. To identify. That is, the priority according to the type of the storage battery is determined according to the time zone in which the demand response is performed. The priority determination unit 14B may determine the priority of the storage battery by using the data in which the priority of each type of storage battery is determined in advance for each time zone. Alternatively, the priority of each type of storage battery for each time zone may be included as a parameter in the program that defines the operation of the priority determination unit 14B in advance.

The control unit 14C of the DR request unit 14 selects the storage battery to be used according to the time zone in which the demand response is performed. Specifically, the storage battery to be used is selected based on the priority determined by the priority determination unit 14B. The control unit 14C executes the demand response using the selected storage battery. The control unit 14C transmits a request signal including demand response information (request to the consumer) to the home management device of the consumer. As a result, when the supply and demand of electric power in the electric power system is tight, the electric power stored in the storage battery of the consumer can be efficiently used and the supply capacity of the electric power system can be increased. Details of the processing performed by executing the demand response will be described later.

The information collecting unit 15 acquires consumer data, which is information about consumers included in the power control system, and stores it in the consumer database 18. Table 40 in FIG. 3 shows an example of consumer data. An identifier that uniquely identifies each consumer is stored in the first column (leftmost column) of the table 40. Examples of identifiers include coordinate information indicating the location of the consumer, the address of the consumer, the telephone number, the ID of the contract manager on the consumer side, the IP address, the MAC address, or a combination thereof. The format does not matter.

The type of storage battery (first storage battery, second storage battery, third storage battery) installed in each consumer is stored in the second row of the table 40. The third column of the table 40 stores the past power consumption values of the corresponding consumers. The value of the past power consumption may be the value of the previous day or the value for a certain period such as the past one week, one month, one year, and several years. Table 40 is an example of consumer data, and the consumer data may include items different from those in FIG. 3, or some of the items shown in the figure may be omitted. For example, the consumer data may not include information about the power consumption of the previous day of the consumer.

Further, the information collecting unit 15 acquires information on the power supply capacity in the power system 9 from an external server (for example, a server of an electric power company) via the network 7. The information collecting unit 15 stores information (supply capacity data) regarding the supply capacity of the power system 9 in the power demand database 17.

When the type of the storage battery is changed or the configuration of the electric power system is changed, the consumer data in the consumer database 18 and the supply capacity data in the electric power demand database 17 are updated.

The demand forecasting unit 16 predicts the value of the power demand in the time series on the day to be forecasted. The demand forecast data predicted by the demand forecast unit 16 is stored in the electric power demand database 17. For example, when both supply capacity data including information on the supply capacity of the power system 9 on the current day and demand forecast data for forecasting the power demand on the current day are obtained, the DRDR determination unit 14A of the DR request unit 14 may use the DRDR determination unit 14A. It is possible to predict whether or not the supply and demand of electricity is likely to be tight on the day. For example, if the value obtained by subtracting the predicted demand from the supply capacity is less than a certain value, it is judged that the supply and demand of electric power is likely to be tight. As a result of the judgment, if it is determined that the supply and demand of electric power in a certain time zone is likely to be tight, a demand response is issued for that time zone. The control unit 14C of the DR request unit 14 executes a demand response using the storage battery of the type determined by the priority determination unit 14B described above, and performs supply / demand control for supplementing the insufficient power amount (for example,). The power supply of the storage battery in the house is reversely flowed to increase the supply capacity, and the power used in the house is supplemented by the discharge of the storage battery in the house to reduce the power supply from the power system to the consumer).

Examples of the method used by the demand forecasting unit 16 for predicting the power demand include regression, neural network, and various machine learning methods, but the type of the method is not particularly limited. When an external server (for example, a server of an electric power company) predicts the electric power demand, the electric power control device 8 acquires the electric power demand prediction result from the external server without predicting the electric power demand. You may.

In the above, the case where the necessity of demand response is judged based on the information on the supply and demand (supply and demand) of the entire power system has been described. That is, the information collecting unit 15 acquired information on the supply capacity of the entire power system 9, and the demand forecasting unit 16 predicted the power demand in the entire power system 9. However, this process is only an example. For example, the necessity of demand response may be determined based on the information on the supply and demand of a part of the power system 9 (a part of the consumers connected to the power system 9). For example, information on the supply and demand of a specific area of the power system 9 may be used, or the supply and demand of a consumer equipped with a photovoltaic power generation system and a storage battery such as consumers 1a, 1b, 1c, and 1d. Information about may be used.

Here, a graph called a duck curve in the power system will be described. FIG. 4 shows an example of a duck curve in an electric power system. The vertical axis of the graph in FIG. 4 shows the real power demand (Net Load). The horizontal axis of the graph in FIG. 4 indicates the time.

The real power demand is the value obtained by subtracting the power generation amount of photovoltaic power generation in the supply area of the power company from the power demand amount of the power company. The consumer of the power control system according to the present embodiment is equipped with a photovoltaic power generation system. As the spread of solar power generation systems progresses, the demand for real power in the daytime when power is generated by solar radiation will drop significantly (around 7:00 to 17:00 in Fig. 4). Therefore, the output from the base load power plant that operates in the daytime is set lower than in the era when the penetration rate of the photovoltaic power generation system was low.

On the other hand, if power is no longer supplied from the photovoltaic power generation system after sunset, the power supplied from the power plant will be significantly insufficient for the power demand in the evening. Therefore, it is necessary to significantly increase the supply capacity of the power system in a short time by operating the thermal power plant that has been stopped or increasing the output of the operating thermal power plant.

This graph is called the duck curve because the curve of real power demand resembles the shape of a duck. Specifically, the peak of real power demand corresponds to the abdomen of the duck in the daytime and the neck of the duck in the evening. Such a change in real power demand in one day is called a duck curve phenomenon. When the duck curve phenomenon becomes remarkable, the increase in supply capacity cannot keep up with the demand, and the frequency of the power system may become unstable. In addition, fossil fuel consumption will increase in order to respond to the increase in real electricity demand during the evening hours.

Therefore, it is possible to improve the power supply and demand by using the solar power generation system of each consumer and the storage battery together. For example, a demand response is issued in the evening time zone to supply the electric power stored in the storage battery to the power system (reverse power flow) to increase the supply capacity or discharge the storage battery. In order to realize such an operation, each consumer is expected to charge the storage battery with nighttime electric power or to charge the storage battery with the electric power generated by the solar power generation system during the daytime.

FIG. 5 is an example of a graph showing the time-series remaining amount of the storage battery (here, the first storage battery) installed in the consumer. The vertical axis of FIG. 5 shows the remaining amount of the storage battery. The horizontal axis of FIG. 5 indicates the time. The graph of FIG. 5 shows the remaining amount of the storage battery in a certain period (for example, from January 1st to January 31st). The consumer in the example of FIG. 5 is subject to the feed-in tariff (FIT). In the example of FIG. 5, the storage battery is charged using nighttime electric power (for example, the purchase price is lower than that in the daytime). Since the storage battery is charged in the morning, it can provide an operating reserve when a thermal power plant or the like lamps up in the morning. Therefore, when the supply and demand of electric power is tight in the morning of winter, the electric power stored in the storage battery can be discharged to secure the supply capacity of the electric power system.

In addition, during the daytime, the power stored in the first storage battery is used to operate the equipment installed in the customer (power purchase from the grid can be suppressed during the time when the power purchase price is high). Under the FIT contract, part of the generated power generated by the solar power generation system during the day will be consumed in the house, and the rest (surplus) will be reverse-flowed to the power system. That is, the surplus generated power is sold to the business operator.

The tendency of the remaining battery level may differ depending on the weather conditions and the usage conditions of the electrical equipment in the house. In the case of the first storage battery, the discharge of the storage battery is stopped while the electric power generated by the photovoltaic power generation system is sold (reverse power flow). Therefore, on a sunny day, the remaining amount of the storage battery does not decrease during the daytime, and the line of the graph tends to be flat.

FIG. 6 is a graph showing the time-series remaining amount of the storage battery (here, the second storage battery) installed in the consumer. The graph of FIG. 6 also shows the remaining amount of the storage battery in the same period as that of FIG. 5 (for example, from January 1st to January 31st). The consumer in Figure 6 is not subject to the feed-in tariff (FIT). Therefore, the consumer can also select the self-consumption of the electric power stored in the storage battery and the reverse power flow to the electric power system depending on the situation.

In the example of FIG. 6, the electric power generated during the daytime by the solar power generation system of each consumer is used for charging the storage battery installed in each consumer. As a result, it is possible to reduce the risk that the frequency adjustment of the power system becomes difficult as compared with the case where the power generated by the photovoltaic power generation system is unconditionally reverse power flow to the power system. It is also possible to sell electricity during times when the selling price is high. When the supply and demand of electric power is tight (when a demand response is issued), the electric power charged during the day can be reverse-flowed to the electric power system to increase the supply capacity of the electric power system. By utilizing the storage battery (second storage battery) of the consumer, when the duck curve phenomenon as shown in Fig. 4 occurs, it is possible to secure sufficient supply capacity in the evening time zone and suppress fossil fuel consumption. can.

Hereinafter, the processing executed when the demand response is issued in the power control system of FIG. 1 will be described.

FIG. 7 is a flowchart of a process in which the control unit 14C of the DR request unit 14 confirms the content of the demand response issued by the DR determination unit 14A. Hereinafter, the process will be described with reference to FIG. 7. As an example, the demand response is issued before a certain time (for example, 1 to 3 hours) before the target time zone, but the timing of issuance is not particularly limited. For example, it can be issued within the target time zone.

First, the control unit 14C determines whether or not the current time is in the evening time zone (step S10). An example of the evening time zone is from 17:00 to 19:00. However, a different definition may be used for the evening time zone. For example, the definition of the evening time zone may differ depending on the season, region, country, and the like. The evening time zone is an example of a time zone later than the earliest time zone (second time zone) when the time from sunrise to sunset is divided into multiple time zones, or the time from sunrise to sunset is multiple. This is an example of the latest time zone (second time zone) when divided. When it is determined that the current time is in the evening time zone (YES in step S10), the process of FIG. 8 described later is executed (step S11).

When it is determined that the current time is not in the evening time zone (NO in step S10), the control unit 14C of the power control device 8 determines whether or not the current time is in the morning time zone (step). S12). An example of a morning time zone is 7:00 to 9:00. However, a different definition may be used for the morning time zone. For example, the definition of the morning time zone may differ depending on the season, region, country, and the like. The morning time zone is an example of the earliest time zone (first time zone) when the time from sunrise to sunset is divided into a plurality of times. When it is determined that the current time is in the morning time zone (YES in step S12), the process of FIG. 9 described later is executed (step S13).

When it is determined that the current time is not in the morning time zone (NO in step S12), the control unit 14C of the power control device 8 determines whether or not the current time is in the daytime zone (step). S14). The daytime time zone means the time zone between the morning time zone and the evening time zone. The daytime time zone is an example of a time zone (second time zone) later than the earliest time zone when the time from sunrise to sunset is divided into multiple times, or the time from sunrise to sunset is divided into multiple time zones. This is an example of a time zone (third time zone) between the earliest time zone (first time zone) and the latest time zone (second time zone) when divided. When it is determined that the current time is in the daytime zone (YES in step S14), the process of FIG. 10 described later is executed (step S15). When it is determined that the current time is not in the daytime zone (NO in step S14), the process of FIG. 7 is terminated.

FIG. 8 is a flowchart showing the processing of the power control device 8 when the demand response is executed in the evening time zone. Hereinafter, the process will be described with reference to FIG.

When executing the demand response for the evening time zone (YES in step S101), the priority determination unit 14B determines the second storage battery as the type of the storage battery having the highest priority. The control unit 14C refers to the consumer database 18 (table 40 in FIG. 3) and identifies the consumer in which the second storage battery is installed. Then, the electric power stored in the second storage battery installed in the consumer is reverse-fed to the electric power system 9 (step S102). More specifically, the control unit 14C transmits a reverse power flow request of the second storage battery to the home management device of the corresponding consumer. It should be noted that it is not excluded that a discharge request for using the power of the second storage battery in the house is transmitted instead of the reverse power flow request.

In the configuration example of FIG. 1, there are consumers 1c and 1d in which the second storage batteries 20 and 21 are installed. Therefore, the electric power stored in the second storage battery 20 installed in the consumer 1c and the second storage battery 21 installed in the consumer 1d is supplied to the power system 9 (reverse power flow). If there is no consumer who has installed the second storage battery, this step S102 is skipped.

Then, the control unit 14C of the power control device 8 refers to the power demand database 17 and confirms the supply / demand status of the power system 9 (step S103). When it is determined that the power system 9 has a margin in the supply capacity due to the reverse power flow of the second storage battery, it is determined that the use of another type of storage battery is unnecessary (NO in step S103). When it is determined that there is no margin in the supply capacity (YES in step S103), the priority determination unit 14B determines the third storage battery as the type of the storage battery having the second highest priority. The control unit 14C identifies a consumer who has installed the third storage battery, and discharges the electric power stored in the third storage battery installed in the consumer (step S104). More specifically, in step S104, the control unit 14C refers to the consumer database 18 (table 40 in FIG. 3) and identifies the consumer in which the third storage battery is installed. Then, the control unit 14C of the power control device 8 transmits a discharge request for the third storage battery to the home management device of the corresponding consumer.

In the configuration example of FIG. 1, there is a consumer 1a who has installed the third storage battery 30. Therefore, the electric power stored in the third storage battery 30 installed in the consumer 1a is discharged. As a result, all or part of the electric power used in the house can be covered by the electric power discharged by the third storage battery 30, more electric power generated by the solar power generation system can be supplied to the electric power system 9, or the electric power from the electric power system 9 can be supplied to the electric power system 9. The supply of power to the power can be reduced. If there is no consumer who has installed the third storage battery, this step S104 is skipped.

The control unit 14C of the power control device 8 confirms the supply / demand status of the power system 9 again (step S105). When it is determined that there is a margin in the supply capacity of the power system 9 as a result of steps S102 and S104, the process of FIG. 8 is terminated (NO in step S105). When it is determined that there is no margin in the supply capacity (YES in step S105), the priority determination unit 14B determines the first storage battery as the type of the storage battery having the third highest priority. The control unit 14C identifies a consumer who has installed the first storage battery, and discharges the first storage battery installed in the consumer (step S106).

However, since the first storage battery cannot be discharged (discharging is stopped) during the reverse power flow by the solar power generation system (during power sale), the first storage battery is the first among consumers in which the reverse power flow by the solar power generation system is not performed. The storage battery is the target of discharge. More specifically, in step S106, the control unit 14C refers to the consumer database 18 (table 40 in FIG. 3) and identifies the consumer in which the first storage battery is installed. Then, if there is a corresponding consumer, the control unit 14C of the power control device 8 transmits a discharge request for the first storage battery to the consumer's home management device. Upon receiving the discharge request, the home management device confirms whether or not the first storage battery has stopped discharging. If the first storage battery is not stopped, the power of the first storage battery is discharged. For example, when the consumer's photovoltaic power generation system is not generating power due to bad weather or the like, the discharge stop function of the first storage battery does not operate, so that the power stored in the first storage battery can be discharged. As a result, the power supply from the power system 9 to the house is reduced. On the other hand, when there is sufficient amount of solar radiation required for power generation and the photovoltaic power generation system reverses the power of the surplus (for example, the power demand in the house is covered by the power generated by the photovoltaic power generation system, and the surplus power is supplied. In the case of reverse power flow), the electric power stored in the first storage battery cannot be discharged because the discharge stop function operates. However, if the power generated by the photovoltaic power generation system does not meet the power demand in the house, it can be discharged to the first storage battery and the shortage of power can be supplemented by the power of the first storage battery.

In the configuration example of FIG. 1, there is a consumer 1b who has installed the first storage battery. Therefore, if the first storage battery 10 installed in the consumer 1b is not in the discharge stop state, the electric power of the first storage battery 10 is discharged. If there is no consumer who has installed the first storage battery, step S106 is skipped.

In the process of FIG. 8, the storage battery was used in the order of priority of the second storage battery, the third storage battery, and the first storage battery. This is in consideration of preferentially using the second storage battery, which is expected to charge a large amount of electric power during the daytime. In addition, the third storage battery, which can be discharged even while the power is sold, is preferentially used over the first storage battery to secure more reliable power.

FIG. 9 is a flowchart showing the processing of the power control device 8 when the demand response is executed in the morning time zone. Hereinafter, the process will be described with reference to FIG.

When it is determined to execute the demand response for the morning time zone (YES in step S111), the priority determination unit 14B determines the first storage battery as the type of the storage battery having the highest priority. The control unit 14C refers to the consumer database 18 and identifies the consumer in which the first storage battery is installed. Then, among the first storage batteries installed in the customer, the electric power stored in the first storage battery that has not stopped discharging is discharged (step S112). The process executed in step S112 is the same as the process executed in step S106 of FIG.

In the configuration example of FIG. 1, there is a consumer 1b who has installed the first storage battery. If the first storage battery 10 installed in the consumer 1b is not in the discharge stop state, the first storage battery 10 is discharged. If there is no consumer who has installed the first storage battery, this step S112 is skipped.

Next, the DR request unit 14 of the power control device 8 refers to the power demand database 17 and confirms the supply / demand status of the power system 9 (step S113). If it is determined as a result of the process of step S112 that there is a margin in the supply capacity, the process of FIG. 9 is terminated (NO in step S113). When it is determined that there is no margin in the supply capacity (YES in step S113), the priority determination unit 14B determines the third storage battery as the type of the storage battery having the second highest priority. The control unit 14C identifies a consumer who has installed the third storage battery, and discharges the electric power stored in the third storage battery installed in the consumer (step S114). The process executed in step S114 is the same as the process executed in step S104 of FIG.

In the configuration example of FIG. 1, there is a consumer 1a who has installed a third storage battery. Therefore, the electric power stored in the third storage battery 30 installed in the consumer 1a is discharged. If there is no consumer who has installed the third storage battery, this step S114 is skipped.

As described above, in this flowchart, the priority is set in the order of the first storage battery and the third storage battery, and the second storage battery is not used. The reason for this will be described below. As shown in the graph of FIG. 5, when it is expected that the first storage battery and the third storage battery are charged by the nighttime power supplied from the power system 9, the first storage battery and the third storage battery are charged in the morning time zone. 3 There is a high possibility that the storage battery is full. Therefore, when issuing a demand response in the morning time zone, it is easier to secure the supply reserve by preferentially using the electric power stored in the first storage battery and the third storage battery. At this time, since the third storage battery has a higher priority of use in the evening demand response than the first storage battery, the priority is lower than that of the first storage battery in preparation for the evening demand response. In other words, it makes it easier to secure supply reserves in the afternoon when the duck curve phenomenon may occur in real power demand. On the other hand, as shown in the graph of FIG. 6, when it is expected that the second storage battery is charged by the electric power generated by the solar power generation system during the daytime, it is stored in the second storage battery during the morning time. The amount of power may not be sufficient. In addition, in preparation for issuing a demand response in the evening, we would like to secure the power of the second storage battery, which is used with the highest priority as the supply reserve of the power system. Therefore, in this flowchart, the second storage battery is not used. However, it does not prevent the priority of the third order from being set to the second storage battery and the power stored in the second storage battery to be used for the demand response in the morning time zone.

Next, the processing of the power control system when the demand response is executed during the daytime will be described.

FIG. 10 is a flowchart showing the processing of the power control device 8 when the demand response is executed in the daytime time zone. Hereinafter, the process will be described with reference to FIG.

When it is determined to execute the demand response for the daytime time zone (step S121), the control unit 14C or the DR determination unit 14A of the power control device 8 determines the length of the period in which the supply and demand of electric power is expected to be tight (step S121). Step S122). More specifically, it is determined whether the supply and demand of electricity is expected to be tight until the evening time zone (next time zone). When the tight supply and demand of electric power is predicted until the evening time zone (YES in S122), the same processing as in steps S102 to S106 of FIG. 8 is executed (step S123). That is, the storage battery is used with the priority of the second storage battery, the third storage battery, and the first storage battery.

Examples of tight electricity supply and demand from daytime to evening are when the temperature is high and the heat demand increases due to the use of air conditioners, when cold air arrives and the demand for electricity increases due to the use of heating, multiple business establishments. Has entered a busy season, and there is a case where the power demand due to the operation of equipment increases.

The control unit 14C or the DR determination unit 14A of the power control device 8 determines whether or not a tight supply and demand of electric power is expected until the evening time zone, in order to determine whether or not a tight supply and demand of electric power is expected. History may be used. Further, the DR request unit 14 of the power control device 8 predicts that the power supply and demand will be tight until the evening time based on the recent power consumption of each consumer (for example, the past few days or the past several weeks). It may be determined whether or not. In addition to the above information, the demand forecasting unit 16 of the power control device 8 may forecast the power demand by adding information such as season, temperature, and humidity.

On the other hand, if it is predicted that the tight supply and demand of electricity will be resolved before the evening (NO in S122), the consumer's storage battery will be used in the order of priority of the third storage battery and the second storage battery. (S124 to S126). More details are as follows.

First, the priority determination unit 14B of the power control device 8 determines the third storage battery as the type of the storage battery having the highest priority. The control unit 14C refers to the consumer database 18, identifies the consumer in which the third storage battery is installed, and discharges the electric power stored in the third storage battery installed in the consumer (step S124). The process executed in step S124 is the same as the process executed in step S104 of FIG.

In the configuration example of FIG. 1, there is a consumer 1a who has installed a third storage battery. Therefore, the electric power stored in the third storage battery 30 installed in the consumer 1a is discharged. If there is no consumer who has installed the third storage battery, this step S124 is skipped.

Next, the control unit 14C of the power control device 8 confirms the supply / demand status of the power system 9, and as a result of the processing in step S124, determines whether or not there is a margin in the supply capacity (step S125). If it is determined that there is a margin in the supply capacity, the process of FIG. 10 is terminated (NO in step S125). When it is determined that there is no margin in the supply capacity (YES in step S125), the priority determination unit 14B determines the second storage battery as the type of the storage battery having the second highest priority. The control unit 14C identifies a consumer who has installed the second storage battery, and causes the electric power stored in the second storage battery installed in the consumer to reverse power flow to the power system 9 (step S126). The reverse power flow is, for example, the surplus power obtained by subtracting the power consumed in the house from the combined power of the power generated by the photovoltaic power generation system and the discharge power of the second storage battery. The process executed in step S126 is the same as the process executed in step S102 of FIG.

In the configuration example of FIG. 1, there are consumers 1c and 1d in which the second storage battery is installed. Therefore, the electric power stored in the second storage battery 20 installed in the consumer 1c and the second storage battery 21 installed in the consumer 1d is supplied to the power system 9. If there is no consumer who has installed the second storage battery, this step S126 is skipped.

As described above, in steps S124 to S126, the priority is set in the order of the third storage battery and the second storage battery, and the first storage battery is not used. The reason for this will be described below. Since the third storage battery is expected to be charged with nighttime power supplied from the power system 9 as shown in the example of the graph in FIG. 5, there is a high possibility that the remaining amount remains in the daytime. .. On the other hand, the second storage battery is expected to be charged using the electric power generated by the photovoltaic power generation system during the daytime as shown in the example of the graph of FIG. If the required amount of solar radiation cannot be secured due to bad weather or the like as shown in a part of the curve in FIG. 6, there is a possibility that the second storage battery does not have a sufficient remaining amount. Therefore, in the case where the tight supply and demand of electric power is expected to be resolved before the evening, the third storage battery is preferentially used over the second storage battery. If the weather is not bad, it is expected that the power of the photovoltaic power generation system is sold (reverse power flow), so there is a high possibility that the first storage battery is out of discharge during the daytime. Therefore, in this case, the first storage battery is excluded from the target of use. However, this does not prevent the use of the first storage battery as the storage battery of the third priority.

In the above description, the power control device 8 has determined whether or not it is necessary to issue a demand response based on the power demand and the supply capacity of the power system. However, the power control device 8 may receive a demand response request from the outside such as a server of the electric power company and start the demand response processing.

Further, in the above processing, the types (first storage battery, second storage battery, third storage battery) based on the usage conditions are defined for the storage batteries, the priority is set for each storage battery type, and the storage batteries are arranged in the order based on the priority. used. When using the storage batteries of the same priority, all the storage batteries set to the same priority may be used, or only a part of the storage batteries set to the same priority may be used.

For example, in a demand response request (first DR request) on a certain day, if some of the storage batteries of the same priority (for example, the second storage battery) are reverse-fed, the supply capacity specified in the demand response is specified. If this is obtained, reverse power flow may be performed using some storage batteries. If there is a demand response request (second DR request) again on the same day and a storage battery of the same priority is used, use the storage battery that was not used in the previous demand response request (first DR request). To. This allows the batteries of multiple consumers to be used fairly. When performing such control, even if a column of whether or not reverse power flow is executed in the storage battery is added to the table 40 and the presence or absence of reverse power flow can be confirmed by referring to the column (request for reverse power flow). good.

Further, the use of the electric power reverse power flowed from the storage battery to the electric power system 9 is not particularly limited. The power flowing backward from the storage battery may be used as the supply capacity of the entire power system operated and managed by the power company to adjust the supply-demand balance in a large-scale power system. Further, the electric power reverse power flowed from the storage battery may be used as a supply capacity to a specific consumer. For example, the electric power that flows backward from the storage battery may be used as the supply capacity of a consumer (business establishment such as a factory) that consumes more electric power than usual. In this way, the supply capacity increased by the reverse power flow of the storage battery may be preferentially distributed to the consumers who are expected to increase the power consumption in particular.

By using the power control system according to the present embodiment, storage batteries with different usage conditions are used depending on the customer, and even if the remaining amount of the storage battery that can be used at each time and the timing at which discharge is possible are different, the power system When the supply and demand is tight and the demand response is required to be executed, the electric power stored in the storage battery can be surely reverse-flowed to increase the supply capacity of the electric power system.

Although some embodiments of the present invention have been described, these embodiments are presented as examples and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention. These embodiments can be implemented in various other embodiments, and various omissions, replacements, and changes can be made without departing from the gist of the invention. These embodiments and variations thereof are included in the scope of the invention described in the claims and the equivalent scope thereof, as are included in the scope and gist of the invention.

1a, 1b, 1c, 1d Consumer 2a, 2b, 2c, 2d Solar system 3a, 3b, 3c, 3d Home management device 4b, 4d Reverse power relay 5a, 5b, 5c, 5d Power cable 6, 7 Network 8 Power control device 9 Power system 10 First storage battery (first type storage battery)
11 Communication unit 12 Processing unit 13 Storage unit 14 DR request unit 14A DR judgment unit 14B Priority determination unit 14C Control unit 15 Information collection unit 16 Demand forecast unit 17 Power demand database 18 Consumer database 20, 21 Second storage battery (second) Kind of storage battery)
30 Third storage battery (third type storage battery)
40 tables

Claims (11)

It is a power control device that controls the supply and demand of electric power in the electric power system by using storage batteries installed in a plurality of consumers linked to the electric power system.
The storage battery is generated by at least the first type of storage battery that cannot be discharged when the power generated by the consumer's photovoltaic power generation system is reverse power flow to the power system, and the consumer's photovoltaic power generation system. It is one of the second types of storage batteries that can be discharged even when power is reverse power flowed to the power system.
The type of the storage battery used for the supply and demand control is determined according to the time zone for performing the supply and demand control, and the supply and demand control of the electric power is performed by using the storage battery of the consumer in which the storage battery of the determined type is installed. A power control device with a control unit to perform. A priority determination unit for determining the priority of the first type storage battery and the second type storage battery according to the time zone for controlling the supply and demand is provided.
The power control device according to claim 1, wherein the control unit determines the type of storage battery used for the supply / demand control based on the priority. The second aspect of claim 2, wherein the priority determination unit gives the highest priority to the first type storage battery in the earliest first time zone among a plurality of time zones in which the time from sunrise to sunset is divided. Power control device. The power control device according to claim 3, wherein the priority determination unit has the highest priority of the second type storage battery in the second time zone, which is later than the first time zone among the plurality of time zones. .. The first time zone is the morning time zone,
The power control device according to claim 4, wherein the second time zone is at least one of an evening time zone and a daytime time zone. The storage battery is one of the first type storage battery, the second type storage battery, and the third type storage battery.
The consumer who has installed the second type storage battery can reverse power flow the electric power discharged by the second type storage battery.
The third type of storage battery is capable of discharging electric power according to the electric power consumption of the consumer even when the electric power generated by the solar power generation system of the consumer is reverse power flow to the electric power system. Item 1. The power control device according to Item 1. A priority determination unit for determining the priority of the first type storage battery, the second type storage battery, and the third type storage battery according to the time zone for controlling the supply and demand is provided.
The power control device according to claim 6, wherein the control unit determines the type of storage battery used for the supply / demand control based on the priority. The priority determination unit sets the priority of the first type storage battery to the highest in the earliest first time zone among the plurality of time zones in which the time from sunrise to sunset is divided.
In the latest second time zone among the plurality of time zones, the priority of the second type storage battery is set to the highest.
The power control device according to claim 7, wherein in the third time zone between the first time zone and the second time zone, the priority of the third type storage battery is the highest. The first time zone is the morning time zone,
The power control device according to claim 8, wherein the second time zone is an evening time zone and the third time zone is a daytime time zone. The power control device according to any one of claims 1 to 9, which performs power supply / demand control in the power system in cooperation with another power control device. It is a power control method that controls the supply and demand of power in the power system by using storage batteries installed in a plurality of consumers linked to the power system.
The storage battery is generated by at least the first type of storage battery that cannot be discharged when the power generated by the consumer's photovoltaic power generation system is reverse power flow to the power system, and the consumer's photovoltaic power generation system. It is one of the second types of storage batteries that can be discharged even when power is reverse power flowed to the power system.
A step of determining the type of storage battery used for the supply and demand control according to the time zone for the supply and demand control, and
A power control method including a step of controlling the supply and demand of electric power by using the storage battery of the consumer in which the storage battery of the determined type is installed.

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