JP2019027627A - Solution component measuring apparatus of absorption freezing machine, and solution component measuring method - Google Patents

Abstract

To realize stable operation of an absorption freezing machine.SOLUTION: There is provided a solution component measuring apparatus 65 for measuring solution component of mix solution used in an absorption freezing machine 1 using liquid in which water, lithium bromide and 1,4 dioxane are mixed as working medium of 3 components and comprising: a recycling chamber 10 heating the working medium to evaporate it; a condenser 20 cooling and condensing the steam mixture evaporated in the recycling chamber 10; an evaporator 30 evaporating the mix solution condensed by the condenser 20 under reduced pressure so as to obtain low-temperature due to vaporization heat; and an inhalator 40 bringing the steam mixture generated by the evaporator 30 to be absorbed by the lithium bromide. A first measuring part 651 to a third measuring part 653 are further provided for measuring m-1 types of different physical properties. The solution component measuring apparatus 65 calculates solution concentration or solution component of the working medium in which m types of liquid are mixed based on the m-1 types of different physical properties measured by the first measuring part 651 to third measuring part 653.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 1

Description

  The present invention relates to a liquid composition measuring device and a liquid composition measuring method in an absorption refrigerator.

  There is known an absorption refrigerator that obtains a low temperature by vaporizing a refrigerant in another container by a low pressure generated when a refrigerant such as water is absorbed by a working medium having a high absorption capacity. Particularly in an absorption refrigerator for air conditioning, an aqueous solution of lithium bromide (water-soluble salt) is used as a working medium.

  In the absorption refrigerator using this lithium bromide aqueous solution, a regenerator that heats the lithium bromide aqueous solution to evaporate water, a condenser that cools and condenses the water vapor supplied from the regenerator, and generates water, An evaporator that evaporates the water supplied from the condenser under reduced pressure and obtains low-temperature cooling by the heat of vaporization, and an absorber that absorbs the water vapor supplied from the evaporator into the lithium bromide aqueous solution and lowers the pressure inside the evaporator. And have.

  In this type of absorption refrigerator, since water is evaporated under reduced pressure in the evaporator, it is not possible to obtain cold heat at a temperature lower than the freezing point of water (0 ° C.) in the evaporator.

  Patent Document 1 discloses an absorption refrigerator that can lower the freezing point of a mixed liquid in an evaporator to 0 ° C. or lower by using a mixed liquid obtained by mixing 1.4 dioxane (water-soluble organic liquid) with water. ing.

JP 2006-275354 A

  Here, in the conventional absorption refrigerator, since the only component that evaporates in the regenerator and the evaporator is water, the vapor composition does not differ between the regenerator and the evaporator. Therefore, the conventional absorption refrigerator is operated stably by operating the regenerator and the evaporator so that the vapor flow rates are equal.

  On the other hand, since the absorption refrigerator disclosed in Patent Document 1 uses a mixed liquid in which 1.4 dioxane is mixed with water, the vapor composition and the vapor flow rate in the regenerator and the evaporator are equal to each other. It is necessary to operate.

  However, in an absorption refrigerator using such a mixed liquid, since the liquid composition in the regenerator changes with time, stable operation becomes difficult.

  Therefore, the present invention has been made in view of the above problems, and an object thereof is to stably operate an absorption refrigerator based on the measurement result of the liquid composition.

  In order to solve the above problem, m kinds of liquids containing water, a water-soluble salt and a water-soluble organic liquid are mixed to form a working medium, and the working medium is heated to evaporate water and the water-soluble organic liquid. A condenser that cools and condenses the first mixed vapor evaporated in the regenerator, an evaporator that evaporates the condensate condensed in the condenser under reduced pressure, and obtains low-temperature cold with the heat of vaporization, Mixing m kinds of liquids in a liquid composition measuring device for measuring a liquid composition of a mixed liquid used in an absorption refrigerator having an absorber that absorbs a second mixed vapor generated in the evaporator by a water-soluble salt A liquid composition measuring device in an absorption refrigerator that calculates the liquid concentration or liquid composition of the working medium based on m-1 different physical properties was used.

  According to the present invention, the absorption refrigerator can be stably operated.

It is a schematic diagram explaining the structure of the absorption refrigerator concerning embodiment, and its system | strain. It is a figure explaining a liquid composition measuring method. It is a figure explaining the freezing point of the ternary type working medium containing water, lithium bromide, and 1.4 dioxane. It is a temperature dependence figure of the vapor composition of the water and 1.4 dioxane in the regenerator and evaporator in the position of the water molar fraction Xc = C in FIG. It is a temperature dependence figure of the vapor composition of the water and 1.4 dioxane in the regenerator and evaporator in the position of the water molar fraction Xc = A in FIG. FIG. 4 is a temperature dependence diagram of the vapor composition of water and 1.4 dioxane in the regenerator and the evaporator at the position of the water molar fraction Xc = B in FIG. 3. It is a liquid composition figure in each container, and has shown the time-dependent change of the weight fraction of a liquid composition. It is a liquid composition figure in each container, and has shown the time-dependent change of the weight fraction of a liquid composition. It is a figure explaining the relationship between the water mole fraction of the liquid mixture in the regenerator in an absorption refrigerator, and the water mole fraction of the liquid mixture in an evaporator. It is a schematic diagram explaining the structure of the absorption refrigerator concerning 2nd Embodiment, and its system | strain. It is a liquid composition figure in each container in a 2nd embodiment, and shows a time-dependent change of the weight fraction of a liquid composition. It is a liquid composition figure in each container in a 2nd embodiment, and shows a time-dependent change of the weight fraction of a liquid composition. It is a figure explaining the relationship between the water mole fraction of the liquid mixture in the regenerator in an absorption refrigerator, and the water mole fraction of the liquid mixture in an evaporator.

Hereinafter, the absorption refrigerator 1 concerning embodiment of this invention is demonstrated.
Drawing 1 is a mimetic diagram explaining composition and a system of absorption refrigerator 1 concerning an embodiment.

[Configuration of absorption refrigerator]
As shown in FIG. 1, an absorption refrigerator 1 includes a regenerator 10 that heats a working medium and evaporates predetermined components, and a condenser that cools and condenses vapor supplied from the regenerator 10 to generate a liquid. 20, the liquid supplied from the condenser 20 is evaporated under reduced pressure, and an evaporator 30 that obtains low-temperature cooling by the heat of vaporization. The vapor supplied from the evaporator 30 is absorbed in the lithium bromide aqueous solution, and the evaporator 30 The absorber 40 which makes an inside a low voltage | pressure, and the control apparatus 50 which performs the whole control of the absorption refrigerator 1 are provided.

  The absorber 40 is provided with a dioxane supply device 60, a water supply device 70, and an inhibitor supply device 73. 1.4 dioxane is supplied to the absorber 40 by the dioxane supply device 60, water is supplied by the water supply device 70, and the inhibitor is supplied by the inhibitor supply device 73.

  The dioxane supply device 60 has a dioxane supply pipe 61 and a valve 62. Opening and closing of the valve 62 is controlled by the control device 50 (operation processing device 53 described later).

  The water supply device 70 has a water supply pipe 71 and a valve 72. Opening and closing of the valve 72 is controlled by the control device 50 (operation processing device 53 described later).

The inhibitor supply device 73 also has an inhibitor supply pipe and a valve, and the opening and closing of the valve is controlled by the control device 50 (operation processing device 53 described later).
As the inhibitor supplied from the inhibitor supply device 73, lithium hydroxide is mainly used, and exhibits an anticorrosion function when added to the lithium bromide aqueous solution in the absorber 40.

  The absorber 40 uses a three-component working medium in which 1.4 dioxane is mixed with an aqueous lithium bromide solution. The three-component working medium is supplied to the regenerator 10 by a pump 80.

  In the regenerator 10, the three-component working medium supplied from the absorber 40 is heated. Heating in the regenerator 10 evaporates water and 1.4 dioxane out of the ternary working medium to produce a high concentration lithium bromide aqueous solution. For heating the working medium in the regenerator 10, exhaust heat at a factory is used.

  The mixed vapor of water and 1.4 dioxane evaporated in the regenerator 10 is supplied to the condenser 20 via the pipe 101. The high concentration lithium bromide aqueous solution generated by the regenerator 10 is returned to the absorber 40 through the tube 102.

  Here, a heat exchanger 90 is provided between the regenerator 10 and the absorber 40 in the tube 102. In this heat exchanger 90, a three-component working medium at normal temperature (about 15 ° C. to 40 ° C.) before being supplied to the regenerator 10 by the pump 80, and a high-temperature lithium bromide aqueous solution generated by the regenerator 10. Heat exchange with the

  As a result, the three-component working medium in the absorber 40 is heated to a temperature higher than room temperature and then supplied to the regenerator 10, so that the heat energy required for heating in the regenerator 10 can be reduced. .

  The high-temperature lithium bromide aqueous solution generated by the regenerator 10 is returned to the absorber 40 after being cooled to near normal temperature. As a result, the thermal energy required for cooling the high concentration lithium bromide aqueous solution in the absorber 40 can be reduced.

  A valve 85 is provided on the downstream side of the heat exchanger 90, and the amount of high-concentration lithium bromide aqueous solution returned from the regenerator 10 to the absorber 40 is adjusted by opening and closing the valve 85. The opening and closing of the valve 85 is controlled by the control device 50 (an operation processing device 53 described later).

  In the condenser 20, the inside is cooled, and the mixed vapor of water and 1.4 dioxane supplied from the regenerator 10 is cooled and condensed, and a dioxane aqueous solution in which water and 1.4 dioxane are mixed. Is generated. This dioxane aqueous solution is supplied to the evaporator 30 via the tube 103.

  The pipe 103 connecting between the condenser 20 and the evaporator 30 is provided with a valve 86, and the amount of the dioxane aqueous solution supplied to the evaporator 30 is adjusted by the valve 86. The opening and closing of the valve 86 is controlled by the control device 50 (operation processing device 53 described later).

  Further, the condenser 20 is provided with a discharge pipe 95 for discharging the dioxane aqueous solution remaining at the bottom of the condenser 20, and the discharge amount of the dioxane aqueous solution is adjusted by a valve 87. The opening and closing of the valve 87 is also controlled by the control device 50 (operation processing device 53 described later).

  In the evaporator 30, the inside of the evaporator 30 is maintained at a low pressure, and the dioxane aqueous solution supplied from the condenser 20 evaporates at a low temperature. The mixed vapor of water and 1.4 dioxane generated in the evaporator 30 is supplied to the absorber 40 through the pipe 108.

  In the evaporator 30, cold heat is obtained by heat of vaporization in the course of evaporation of the dioxane aqueous solution. This cold heat is taken out from the cold heat extraction unit 96 by heat exchange with the refrigerant in the evaporator 30.

  The temperature extraction unit 96 is provided with a temperature sensor 91, and the temperature of the refrigerant taken out from the temperature extraction unit 96 is measured by the temperature sensor 91. The temperature sensor 91 is connected to the control device 50 (a temperature data processing device 52 described later), and the temperature information measured by the temperature sensor 91 is transmitted to the control device 50 (a temperature data processing device 52 described later).

  Here, the dioxane aqueous solution in the evaporator 30 has a freezing point lower than that of water, and the dioxane aqueous solution (working medium) of the embodiment in which water and 1.4 dioxane are mixed has a freezing point lower than 0 ° C. . Therefore, in the evaporator 30, cold heat of 0 ° C. or less is taken out from the cold heat taking-out unit 96.

  In the regenerator 10, the condenser 20, the evaporator 30, and the absorber 40, the liquid level meters 11, 21, 31, and 41 are installed, respectively. The liquid level gauges 11, 21, 31 and 41 measure the height position (liquid level) from the bottom of the liquid remaining in the regenerator 10, the condenser 20, the evaporator 30 and the absorber 40.

  Each of the liquid level gauges 11, 21, 31, and 41 is connected to a control device 50 (a liquid level data processing device 51 described later), and the liquid level information of each container measured by the liquid level meter is the control device. 50 (liquid level data processing device 51 described later).

  Here, a liquid composition measuring device 65 is provided between the regenerator 10 and the absorber 40. The liquid composition measuring device 65 measures the liquid composition (or / and concentration) of the high concentration lithium bromide aqueous solution generated by the regenerator 10. The liquid composition measuring device 65 is connected to the control device 50 (liquid composition data processing device 55 described later), and the liquid composition (or / and concentration) of the measured lithium bromide aqueous solution is controlled by the control device 50 (liquid composition described later). To the data processor 55).

  The high concentration lithium bromide aqueous solution after being measured by the liquid composition measuring device 65 is supplied to the absorber 40 via the tube 104. Thereby, the liquid composition measuring device 65 measures the composition of the high-concentration lithium bromide aqueous solution extracted from the regenerator 10, and returns the measured lithium bromide aqueous solution to the absorber 40 as it is. Thereby, the liquid composition measuring device 65 can continuously measure the liquid composition of the lithium bromide aqueous solution in the operation cycle of the absorption refrigerator 1.

  A pipe 81 connecting the liquid composition measuring device 65 and the regenerator 10 is connected to a pump 81, which contains a high concentration lithium bromide aqueous solution stored in the regenerator 10. The component working medium is supplied to the liquid composition measuring device 65. The driving of the pump 81 is controlled by the control device 50 (operation processing device 53 described later).

  In the embodiment, a thermostatic chamber 66 is provided on the supply side of the liquid composition measuring device 65. The liquid composition of the high concentration lithium bromide aqueous solution is set to a constant temperature in the thermostatic chamber 66 and then the liquid composition is measured by the liquid composition measuring device 65.

  The evaporator 30 is also provided with a liquid composition measuring device 67 via a pipe 106. The liquid composition measuring device 67 extracts the mixed vapor of water evaporated in the evaporator 30 and 1.4 dioxane (two-component mixed vapor) through the pipe 106 and measures the composition. Then, the liquid composition measuring device 67 supplies the measured mixed water of water and 1.4 dioxane to the condenser 20 as it is through the pipe 107. As described above, the liquid composition measuring device 67 can continuously measure the mixed steam in the operation cycle of the absorption refrigerator 1.

  The pipe 106 connecting between the evaporator 30 and the liquid composition measuring device 67 is provided with a pump 82, and this pump 82 causes the mixed vapor of water and 1.4 dioxane in the evaporator 30 to have a liquid composition. It is supplied to the measuring device 67. The driving of the pump 82 is controlled by the control device 50 (an operation processing device 53 described later).

  In the embodiment, a constant temperature bath 68 is provided on the supply side of the liquid composition measuring device 67. The mixed vapor of water and 1.4 dioxane is adjusted to a constant temperature in the thermostatic chamber 68 and then the liquid composition is measured by the liquid composition measuring device 67.

Next, the control device 50 will be described.
As shown in FIG. 1, the control device 50 includes a liquid level data processing device 51, a temperature data processing device 52, an operation processing device 53, a monitor 54, and a liquid composition data processing device 55.

  The liquid level data processing device 51 is a device that takes in the liquid level data transmitted from the liquid level gauges 11, 21, 31, and 41 and performs arithmetic processing.

  The temperature data processing device 52 is a device that takes in the temperature data transmitted from the temperature sensor 91 and performs arithmetic processing.

  The operation processing device 53 includes valves 62, 72, 85, 86, 87, and a pump 80 based on the processing results of each data in the liquid level data processing device 51, the temperature data processing device 52, and the liquid composition data processing device 55. , 81 and 82 are controlled.

  The monitor 54 is a device that displays the transmitted liquid level data, temperature data, the open / close state of each valve, and the like.

  The liquid composition data processing device 55 is a device that takes in the liquid composition data of the liquid composition measuring devices 65 and 67 and performs arithmetic processing. In the embodiment, the liquid composition data processing device 55 performs arithmetic processing on the liquid composition data of the regenerator 10 and the evaporator 30.

[Liquid composition measurement method]
Next, a method for measuring the liquid composition in the liquid composition data processing device 55 will be described.
FIG. 2 is a diagram for explaining a liquid composition measuring method.
As a result of earnest research, the inventor of the present application is based on two or more physical properties of different measured media (for example, a three-component working medium in the regenerator 10 and a two-component mixed vapor in the evaporator 30). Thus, an arithmetic expression was constructed for calculating the molar fraction Xc of water in the measured medium and the weight fraction ξ of water and lithium bromide in the measured medium.

Hereinafter, the liquid composition data processing device 55 and the liquid composition data processing device 55 that performs the calculation based on the physical properties of the measured medium measured by the liquid composition measuring device 65 are calculated by the liquid composition data processing device 55. A description will be given together with an equation calculation method.
[0000]
As shown in FIG. 2, the liquid composition measuring device 65 is for measuring the composition of a medium to be measured (high concentration lithium bromide aqueous solution in the regenerator 10: a three-component working medium) by different methods. A plurality of measurement units (in the embodiment, a first measurement unit 651, a second measurement unit 652, and a third measurement unit 653) are included.

  Here, the first measurement unit 651, the second measurement unit 652, and the third measurement unit 653 are devices that measure the composition of the measurement target medium by using different physical properties of the measurement target medium.

  The first measurement unit 651 is a device that measures the composition of the medium to be measured using optical properties. Examples of the optical property include transmittance, optical rotation, bending rate, turbidity, and chromaticity of the medium to be measured.

  The second measuring unit 652 is a device that measures the composition of the medium to be measured using electrical properties. Examples of the electrical property include pH of the medium to be measured, electric conductivity, redox potential, ion meter, and the like.

  The 3rd measurement part 653 is an apparatus which measures the composition of a to-be-measured medium using the property as a fluid. Examples of the properties as a fluid include density and viscosity.

  As shown in FIG. 2, a part of the high-concentration lithium bromide aqueous solution (measuring medium) generated by the regenerator 10 is introduced into the liquid composition measuring device 65 of the embodiment.

  The high-concentration lithium bromide aqueous solution is heated to a high temperature by heating in the regenerator 10. Therefore, before the lithium bromide aqueous solution having a high concentration is introduced into the liquid composition measuring device 65, it is cooled to a constant temperature close to room temperature in a thermostatic chamber 66 provided on the supply side of the liquid composition measuring device 65. .

  The high-concentration lithium bromide aqueous solution branches in a predetermined flow path and is supplied to any two or more of the first measurement unit 651, the second measurement unit 652, and the third measurement unit 653 of the liquid composition measurement device 65. The

  Thus, when m types of measurement media are mixed, they are introduced into m-1 types of measuring devices and the liquid composition is measured. In the embodiment, the aqueous solution of lithium bromide introduced from the regenerator 10 is a mixed solution containing three types of components of water, lithium bromide, and 1.4 dioxane, and thus the first measurement unit 651 described above. Are introduced into any two (3-1 types) of measurement units of the third measurement unit 653, and two different types of physical properties are measured.

  The measured medium after measurement (high-concentration lithium bromide aqueous solution) is returned to the absorber 40 as it is.

  The liquid composition data of the measured medium measured by the liquid composition measuring device 65 is transmitted to the liquid composition data processing device 55 of the control device 50.

  In the liquid composition data processing device 55 of the control device 50, liquid composition data having a plurality of different properties measured by the liquid composition measuring device 65 (the first measuring unit 651, the second measuring unit 652, and the third measuring unit 653) are acquired. In addition, predetermined weighting factors f, g, r, and s are added to the liquid composition data, and the water mole fraction Xc of the lithium bromide aqueous solution (ternary working medium) and the weight fraction of lithium bromide. Calculate ξ.

  For example, the water mole fraction Xc of the lithium bromide aqueous solution (measuring medium) and the weight fraction ξ of lithium bromide are the refractive index n of the lithium bromide aqueous solution measured by the first measurement unit 651, and the second measurement unit. Weighting coefficients f, g, r, and s are added to the electrical conductivity σ of the lithium bromide aqueous solution measured at 652, and can be expressed by the following mathematical formulas (1) and (2).

  Xc = (n, σ, fi (i = 1 to 4), gi (i = 1 to 4)) (1)

  ξ = (n, σ, ri (i = 1 to 4), si (i = 1 to 4)) (2)

  Here, there are four weight coefficients f, g, r, and s (i = 1 to 4), respectively, and a total of 16 weight coefficients are preferably set for a plurality of temperatures. In particular, when the medium to be measured is set to a constant temperature in the thermostatic chamber 66 as in the embodiment, the weighting factors f, g, r, and s are one set value (pattern) of the constant temperature. ), The construction time of the arithmetic expression can be shortened.

Next, changes in the freezing point of a three-component working medium containing water, lithium bromide, and 1.4 dioxane will be described.
FIG. 3 is a diagram for explaining the freezing point of a three-component working medium containing water, lithium bromide, and 1.4 dioxane (hereinafter referred to as a freezing point diagram).

  In the freezing point diagram shown in FIG. 3, the horizontal axis indicates the water mole fraction Xc of the working medium, and the vertical axis indicates the freezing point “° C.”, which is shown with respect to the lithium bromide weight fraction ξ. The water mole fraction Xc = 1 represents a case where the working medium does not contain 1.4 dioxane at all, that is, a mixture of water and lithium bromide alone.

  When the weight fraction of lithium bromide ξ = 0, that is, when the working medium does not contain any lithium bromide, the component of the working medium at the water molar fraction Xc = 1 is water, and in this case the freezing point is 0 ° C. It is.

  When the water mole fraction Xc decreases from 1 (1.4 dioxane concentration increases), the freezing point decreases to a certain water mole fraction Xc, but when it falls below a certain water mole fraction Xc, From the above, it can be seen that the freezing point does not decrease and the freezing point increases.

  Further, it can be seen that as the weight fraction ξ of lithium bromide increases (the concentration of lithium bromide increases), the freezing point decreases.

  Here, lithium bromide is a water-soluble salt, and as the concentration of lithium bromide increases, the freezing point decreases while the boiling point increases. When the concentration of lithium bromide becomes high, evaporation of the lithium bromide aqueous solution in the evaporator 30 is inhibited, and heat transfer is inhibited by precipitation of lithium bromide crystals on the heat transfer tube in the evaporator 30, so Is difficult to obtain.

  For this reason, in the evaporator 30, it is necessary to set the optimal weight fraction ξ of water and lithium bromide so as not to lower the freezing point, raise the boiling point, and cause crystallization. Here, the minimum value of the freezing point is shifted to the side (right side of FIG. 3) where the water molar fraction Xc is higher as the weight fraction ξ is larger, and after considering the freezing point, boiling point, and crystallization temperature, The cooling temperature required for the evaporator 30 and the composition of the liquid mixture for obtaining the cooling temperature are set.

  In the absorption refrigerator 1, a closed cycle in which the refrigerant and the working medium are circulated between the regenerator 10 and the absorber 40 is formed. For example, in the absorber 40, in the case of a lithium bromide aqueous solution to which 1.4 dioxane is not added, only water evaporates in the regenerator 10 and the evaporator 30, so that the vapor composition differs between the regenerator 10 and the evaporator 30. There is no. Therefore, in order to stably and continuously operate the absorption refrigerator, the regenerator 10 and the evaporator 30 may have the same water evaporation flow rate.

  On the other hand, in the absorption refrigerator 1 of the embodiment, the absorber 40 is a three-component working medium in which 1.4 dioxane is added to water and lithium bromide. In such a case, since both components of water and 1.4 dioxane evaporate in the regenerator 10 and the evaporator 30, it is necessary to make the vapor composition and the vapor flow rate of the regenerator 10 and the evaporator 30 equal at the same time.

Next, a temperature dependence diagram of the vapor composition of water and 1.4 dioxane in the regenerator 10 and the evaporator 30 will be described.
FIG. 4 is a temperature dependence diagram of the vapor composition of water and 1.4 dioxane in the regenerator 10 and the evaporator 30 at the position of the water molar fraction Xc = C in FIG.
FIG. 5 is a temperature dependence diagram of the vapor composition of water and 1.4 dioxane in the regenerator 10 and the evaporator 30 at the position of the water molar fraction Xc = A in FIG.
FIG. 6 is a temperature dependence diagram of the vapor composition of water and 1.4 dioxane in the regenerator 10 and the evaporator 30 at the position of the water molar fraction Xc = B in FIG.
The water mole fraction Xc has a relationship of C>A> B (see FIG. 3).

  In the temperature dependence diagrams of the vapor composition shown in FIGS. 4 to 6, the horizontal axis represents temperature ° C. and the vertical axis represents the vapor (liquid) composition “mol%”.

  As shown in FIG. 4, the vapor composition in the case of the water molar fraction Xc = C has a larger amount of water than 1.4 dioxane in both the regenerator 10 and the evaporator 30. This is because the concentration of water in the mixed steam is high at the water mole fraction Xc = C.

  Further, the regenerator 10 has a smaller amount of water in the vapor composition and a larger amount of 1.4 dioxane than the evaporator 30. Therefore, it is understood that the liquid composition (concentration) in each container differs between the regenerator 10 and the evaporator 30 at the water mole fraction Xc = C.

  As shown in FIG. 5, the vapor composition in the case of the water molar fraction Xc = A has a larger amount of water than 1.4 dioxane in both the regenerator 10 and the evaporator 30. This is because the water mole fraction Xc = A is also high in the concentration of water in the mixed steam.

  Here, at the water mole fraction Xc = A, the amount of water in the vapor composition is substantially the same in the regenerator 10 and the evaporator 30, and the amount of 1.4 dioxane is also substantially the same. This is because the water mole fraction Xc = A has a higher concentration of 1.4 dioxane instead of a lower concentration of water in the mixed solution than when Xc = C.

  As shown in FIG. 6, the vapor composition when the water molar fraction Xc = B is less than 1.4 dioxane in the low temperature evaporator 30 and the amount of water in the high temperature regenerator 10. Is more than 1.4 dioxane. It can be seen that the liquid compositions (concentrations) of water and 1.4 dioxane are different in each container.

  FIG. 7 is a liquid composition diagram in each container, and shows a change over time in the weight fraction of the liquid composition.

  In FIG. 7, the horizontal axis represents time, and the vertical axis represents the weight fraction of the liquid composition. In the initial state, the water mole fraction Xc in the regenerator 10 is set to B (see FIG. 3), and the weight fraction of lithium bromide in the absorber 40 is set to ξ = 0.55.

  In the regenerator 10, water, a mixed liquid of 1.4 dioxane and lithium bromide (a three-component working medium) is supplied from the absorber 40. In the regenerator 10, this mixed solution is heated to evaporate water and 1.4 dioxane, and lithium bromide remains without being evaporated.

  Therefore, as shown in the upper right diagram of FIG. 7, in the regenerator 10, 1.4 dioxane decreases with time and becomes a constant value at a low value. This is because the regenerator 10 is supplied with a mixed liquid containing 1.4 dioxane from the absorber 40, but the amount of 1.4 dioxane at a water molar fraction Xc = B is small.

  A mixed vapor of water and 1.4 dioxane is supplied from the regenerator 10 into the condenser 20. In the condenser 20, the mixed vapor is cooled to condense water and 1.4 dioxane (a dioxane aqueous solution is generated).

  As shown in the upper left diagram of FIG. 7, the amount of water and 1.4 dioxane of the mixed steam in the condenser 20 becomes constant after a predetermined time.

  The dioxane aqueous solution generated by the condenser 20 is supplied into the evaporator 30. In the evaporator 30, the dioxane aqueous solution evaporates.

  As shown in the lower left diagram of FIG. 7, in the evaporator 30, after 1.4 dioxane is reduced, the water molar fraction Xc = A becomes constant. Water becomes a constant value after increasing. Since the dioxane aqueous solution in the evaporator 30 is a mixture of water and 1.4 dioxane and does not contain lithium bromide, when ξ = 0 in FIG. 3 is observed, the freezing point is low at Xc = B in the initial state. Although it is in a state, it can be seen that the freezing point becomes higher when Xc = A.

  In the absorber 40, a mixed liquid of water, 1.4 dioxane, and lithium bromide supplied from the evaporator 30 is stored.

  As shown in the lower right diagram of FIG. 7, in the absorber 40, the amounts of water, lithium bromide, and 1.4 dioxane finally become constant values.

  Next, FIG. 8 is a liquid composition diagram in the regenerator 10, the condenser 20, the evaporator 30, and the absorber 40 when 1.4 dioxane is further added, and the change over time in the weight fraction of the liquid composition. Is shown.

  In FIG. 8, the horizontal axis represents time, and the vertical axis represents the weight fraction of the liquid composition. In the initial state, the water mole fraction Xc in the regenerator 10 is set to Dc (see FIG. 3), and the lithium bromide weight fraction in the absorber 40 is set to ξ = 0.55.

  As shown in the upper right diagram of FIG. 8, in the regenerator 10, the amount of 1.4 dioxane decreases with the passage of time. However, in the regenerator 10 shown in FIG. 8, since the amount of 1.4 dioxane in the mixed solution is larger than in the case of FIG. 7, the weight fraction of 1.4 dioxane is a larger value than in the case of FIG. It became a constant value. Further, in the regenerator 10, the weight fraction ξ of water and lithium bromide is reduced as compared with the case of FIG.

  Next, as shown in the upper left diagram of FIG. 8, in the condenser 20, the amount of 1.4 dioxane contained in the mixed vapor of water and 1.4 dioxane supplied from the regenerator 10 than in the case of FIG. 7. Has increased. Therefore, in the condenser 20, the amount of 1.4 dioxane and water becomes constant over time, but the amount of 1.4 dioxane increases and the amount of water decreases by that amount compared to the case of FIG. 7. To do.

  As shown in the lower left diagram of FIG. 8, in the evaporator 30, after the amount of 1.4 dioxane decreases in the initial operation of the absorption refrigerator 1, Xc = B (<A) and becomes a constant value. The amount of water becomes a constant value after increasing in the initial operation of the absorption refrigerator 1. Since the liquid mixture of water and 1.4 dioxane in the evaporator 30 does not contain lithium bromide, when ξ = 0 in FIG. 3, 1.4 dioxane is excessive at Xc = D in the initial state. Although the freezing point is in a high state because it is contained in X, the proportion of 1.4 dioxane is gradually decreased to Xc = B, and the freezing point is lowered.

  As shown in the lower right diagram of FIG. 8, in the absorber 40, the weight fraction ξ of water and lithium bromide is increased by the amount by which the weight fraction of 1.4 dioxane in the mixed vapor supplied from the evaporator 30 is increased. Decrease.

  As shown in FIG.7 and FIG.8, the weight fraction of 1.4 dioxane in the liquid mixture in the condenser 20 increased with time, and then became a constant value. Immediately after the operation of the absorption refrigerator 1, 1.4 dioxane is accumulated in the condenser 20, but this indicates that no further accumulation is achieved after a sufficient amount of time.

  Here, in the embodiment, in the absorption refrigerator 1, as a method of determining whether or not the concentration of 1.4 dioxane is appropriate and determining whether or not it is in a steady state, 1.4 in the regenerator 10 is used. Judgment is based on the concentration of dioxane. Therefore, while 1.4 dioxane in the regenerator 10 is decreasing, it indicates that it is not in a steady state, and the concentration of 1.4 dioxane is 0 (zero) or 0 (zero). If it is near, it indicates that the amount of 1.4 dioxane in the mixed solution is insufficient.

  Thus, in the absorption refrigerator 1, the absorption refrigerator 1 can be stably and continuously operated by measuring the concentration of 1.4 dioxane in the regenerator 10.

Here, the water molar fraction Xc of the mixed solution of water and 1.4 dioxane in the regenerator 10 in the absorption refrigerator 1, and the water molar fraction Xc of the mixed solution of water and 1.4 dioxane in the evaporator 30. The relationship will be described.
FIG. 9 is a diagram for explaining the relationship between the water molar fraction Xc of the liquid mixture in the regenerator 10 and the water molar fraction Xc of the liquid mixture in the evaporator 30 in the absorption refrigerator 1. The horizontal axis in FIG. 9 is the water mole fraction Xc of the mixed liquid in the regenerator 10, and the vertical axis is the water mole fraction Xc of the mixed liquid in the evaporator 30.

  In FIG. 9, in the region K and the region M, the change in the water mole fraction Xc of the liquid mixture in the evaporator 30 is larger than the change in the water mole fraction Xc of the liquid mixture in the regenerator 10. On the other hand, in the region L, even if the water molar fraction Xc of the liquid mixture in the regenerator 10 changes, the change in the water molar fraction Xc of the liquid mixture in the evaporator 30 is small. This region L has a small change in the freezing point in the evaporator 30, has a likelihood with respect to the added amount of 1.4 dioxane, and is a preferable range when the absorption refrigerator 1 is operated.

  The relationship (region L) between the water molar fraction Xc of the mixed solution in the regenerator 10 and the water molar fraction Xc of the mixed solution in the evaporator 30 shown in FIG. 9 is incorporated in the liquid composition data processing device 55 in advance. In other words, the regenerator 10 and the evaporator 30 may be operated within the region L in FIG.

  Since the absorption refrigerator 1 has the dioxane supply device 60 (see FIG. 1) for supplying 1.4 dioxane to the absorber 40, 1.4 dioxane in the regenerator 10 or the evaporator 30 is insufficient. In this case, 1.4 dioxane is supplied to the absorber 40 by the dioxane supply device 60. Thereby, since the liquid mixture containing the high concentration 1.4 dioxane absorbed by the absorber 40 is supplied to the regenerator 10, the concentration of 1.4 dioxane in the regenerator 10 can be increased.

  As a result, in the absorption refrigerator 1, the mixed vapor containing high concentration of 1.4 dioxane is supplied from the regenerator 10 to the condenser 20, and then the high concentration of 1.4 dioxane condensed in the condenser 20 is obtained. The liquid mixture to be contained can be supplied to the evaporator 30 to increase the concentration of 1.4 dioxane in the evaporator 30.

  Further, in the absorption refrigerator 1, when 1.4 dioxane in the regenerator 10 or the evaporator 30 is excessive, the mixed solution containing high-concentration 1.4 dioxane in the condenser 20 is discharged from the discharge pipe 95 and absorbed. Water is supplied to the absorber 40 by a water supply device 70 provided in the container 40 (see FIG. 1).

  As a result, the liquid mixture containing high concentration 1.4 dioxane in the condenser 20 is discharged, and the liquid mixture containing low concentration 1.4 dioxane diluted with water is supplied to the regenerator 10.

  In the regenerator 10, a mixed vapor containing a low concentration of 1.4 dioxane is generated, and this mixed vapor is supplied to the condenser 20.

  In the condenser 20, the mixed vapor containing a low concentration of 1.4 dioxane is cooled and condensed to generate a mixed solution containing a low concentration of 1.4 dioxane. The liquid mixture containing this low concentration of 1.4 dioxane is supplied to the evaporator 30, and the concentration of 1.4 dioxane in the evaporator 30 is lowered.

  The determination of the extraction of the liquid mixture in the condenser 20 and the supply of 1.4 dioxane or water into the absorber 40 is performed by the liquid level data processing device 51 using the liquid level meters 21 and 41. Based on the liquid level.

As described above, in the embodiment,
(1) A liquid obtained by mixing water, lithium bromide (water-soluble salt) and 1.4 dioxane (water-soluble organic liquid) is used as a three-component working medium, and the working medium is heated to produce 1.4 A regenerator 10 that evaporates dioxane, a condenser 20 that cools and condenses a mixed vapor (first mixed vapor) of water and 1.4 dioxane evaporated in the regenerator 10, and is condensed in the condenser 20. The evaporator 30 obtained by evaporating a mixed liquid (condensate) of water and 1.4 dioxane under reduced pressure to obtain low-temperature cooling by the heat of vaporization, and the mixed steam (first stage) of water and 1.4 dioxane generated in the evaporator 30 In the liquid composition measuring device 65 for measuring the liquid composition of the mixed liquid used in the absorption refrigerator 1 having an absorber 40 that absorbs lithium bromide).
a first measurement unit 651, a second measurement unit 652, and a third measurement unit 653 that measure m-1 different physical properties;
The liquid composition measuring device 65 is
The liquid concentration or the liquid composition of the working medium in which m kinds of liquids are mixed is calculated based on m−1 different physical properties measured by the first measurement unit 651 to the third measurement unit 653.

  If comprised in this way, since the liquid density | concentration or liquid composition of the working medium which mixed m types of liquid will be calculated based on m-1 types of different physical properties, the liquid concentration or liquid composition of a working medium will be stabilized. Can be measured. Therefore, the absorption refrigeration machine 1 can be stably operated by adjusting the liquid composition of the working medium of the regenerator based on the measurement result of the liquid composition.

(2) The first measurement unit 651 to the third measurement unit 653 are configured to calculate a liquid concentration or a liquid composition of a working medium in which m kinds of liquids are mixed by combining measurement results of a plurality of different physical properties. .

  With this configuration, since the liquid concentration or liquid composition of the working medium in which m kinds of liquids are mixed is calculated based on a plurality of different physical properties, the liquid concentration or liquid composition of the working medium is stably measured. be able to. Therefore, the absorption refrigeration machine 1 can be stably operated by adjusting the liquid composition of the working medium of the regenerator based on the measurement result of the liquid composition.

(3) The m-1 different physical properties are the optical properties of the measured object (working medium), the electrical properties of the measured object (working medium), and the fluid properties of the measured object (working medium). The first measuring unit 651 to the third measuring unit 653 are configured to measure the liquid concentration or the liquid composition of the working medium by combining any two or more of these different physical properties.

  If comprised in this way, since the liquid density | concentration or liquid composition of a working medium is measured by the combination of the measurement result in any one of the optical property by the 1st measurement part 651-3rd measurement part, an electrical property, and a fluid property. The liquid concentration or liquid composition of the working medium can be stably measured. Therefore, the absorption refrigeration machine 1 can be stably operated by adjusting the liquid composition of the working medium of the regenerator based on the measurement result of the liquid composition.

(4) The constant temperature baths 66 and 68 are provided on the working medium supply side of the first measurement unit 651 to the third measurement unit 653.

  With this configuration, the working medium reaches a certain temperature before being supplied to the first measuring unit 651 to the third measuring unit 653, and thus there is no need to consider temperature variations. Therefore, the calculation formula used for calculating the liquid concentration or the liquid composition of the working medium can be simplified.

(5) It has the control apparatus 50 which acquires the measurement data of the m-1 types of physical property measured by the 1st measurement part 651-the 3rd measurement part 653, and is connected to the control apparatus 50, and It was set as the structure which has the monitor 54 (display apparatus) which displays the component of m types of liquid, and the measurement data of m-1 types of physical properties.

  If comprised in this way, the measurement data measured by the 1st measurement part 651-the 3rd measurement part 653 and the component of m types of liquids of a working medium can be easily visually recognized on the monitor 54. FIG. For this reason, it is easy to visually confirm the liquid concentration and liquid composition of the measured working medium.

(6) The working medium in the regenerator 10 and the absorber 40 contains water, lithium bromide (water-soluble salt), and 1.4 dioxane (water-soluble organic liquid), and the operation of the condenser 20 and the evaporator 30. The medium was configured to include water and 1.4 dioxane (water-soluble organic liquid).

  If comprised in this way, in the regenerator 10 and the absorber 40, it will become a 3 component type working medium, and two types of different physical properties will be provided by any two measurement units of the first measurement unit 651 to the third measurement unit 653. Just measure. Further, the condenser 20 and the evaporator 30 serve as a two-component working medium, and one type of different physical properties may be measured by any one of the first measurement unit 651 to the third measurement unit 653. .

(7) Moreover, it has the pipe | tube 102 (working medium return mechanism) which returns the liquid composition of the working medium in the regenerator 10 to the absorber 40, and the 1st measurement part 6511-3rd are provided in the absorber 40 side of the pipe | tube 102. The measurement unit 653 is connected.

  If comprised in this way, the liquid of the high concentration lithium bromide aqueous solution (working medium) in the regenerator 10 before returning to the absorber 40 from the regenerator 10 by the 1st measurement part 651-the 3rd measurement part 653. Concentration or liquid composition can be measured. Therefore, the liquid composition measuring device 65 can reliably measure the liquid concentration or liquid composition of the working medium in the regenerator 10.

(8) Further, the working medium measured by the first measuring unit 651 to the third measuring unit 653 is configured to have a mechanism for returning to the absorber 40.

  If comprised in this way, since the working medium measured with the regenerator 10 can be utilized with the absorber 40 as it is, in the liquid composition measuring device 65, the working medium in the regenerator 10 in the operation cycle of the absorption refrigerator 1. The liquid concentration or liquid composition can be measured continuously.

(9) Further, the regenerator 10, the absorber 40, and the working medium in the evaporator 30 are configured to include at least water, lithium bromide, and 1.4 dioxane.

  With this configuration, the working medium in the regenerator 10, the absorber 40, and the evaporator 30 becomes a three-component working medium, and any two of the first measuring unit 651 to the third measuring unit 653 are measured. The different physical properties can be reliably measured.

(10) The working medium in the evaporator 30 is continuously supplied to the liquid composition measuring device 67 (measuring unit) via the pipe 106 connected to the evaporator 30, and the liquid composition measuring device 67 is operated. It was set as the structure which measures a medium continuously.

  With this configuration, the liquid concentration measuring device 67 can continuously measure the liquid concentration or liquid composition of the working medium in the evaporator 30.

(11) The water-soluble salt is lithium bromide, and the water-soluble organic liquid is 1.4 dioxane or alcohol.

  If comprised in this way, the freezing point in the evaporator 30 can be 0 degrees C or less, and lower temperature cold can be obtained compared with the case where a working medium is only water.

Second Embodiment
Next, a second embodiment according to the present invention will be described.
FIG. 10 is a schematic diagram illustrating the configuration and system of an absorption refrigerator 1A according to the second embodiment.
The absorption refrigerator 1A according to the second embodiment uses a three-component working medium of water, lithium bromide, and 1.4 dioxane as the working medium of the evaporator 30. It differs from the point which used the binary component working medium of water and 1.4 dioxane as the working medium of the evaporator 30. FIG.

The second embodiment is different from the above-described embodiment in that (1) the absorber 40 includes a lithium bromide supply device 75, and (2) water in the absorber 40, lithium bromide. And a liquid composition measuring device 94 for measuring the liquid composition of a three-component liquid mixture of 1.4 dioxane and a thermostatic chamber 69, and (3) the evaporator 30 is used as the three-component working medium in the absorber 40. (4) having a condensate supply device 121 for supplying the three-component condensate in the evaporator 30 to the absorber 40, (5) ) A difference is that a pressure sensor 92 for measuring the pressure in the absorber 40 is provided, and other configurations and functions are the same as those of the above-described embodiment.
Therefore, in the following description, portions different from the above-described embodiment will be mainly described, the same configurations will be denoted by the same reference numerals, and detailed description thereof will be omitted.

  The absorption refrigerator 1 </ b> A is provided with a working medium supply device 120 that supplies a mixed liquid containing three components of water, lithium bromide, and 1.4 dioxane in the absorber 40 to the evaporator 30. Thereby, the liquid mixture in the evaporator 30 can be made into the 3 component liquid mixture containing lithium bromide.

  The supply of the three-component mixed liquid from the absorber 40 to the evaporator 30 is adjusted by opening and closing the valve 98 using a pump 93 for supplying the mixed liquid from the absorber 40 to the regenerator 10. The pump 93 and the valve 98 are controlled by the control device 50 (operation processing device 53).

  Thereby, by putting lithium bromide into the mixed solution in the evaporator 30, the freezing point of the mixed solution in the evaporator 30 is made to be larger than that in the case where the mixed solution is a mixed solution of only two components of water and 1.4 dioxane. Lower temperatures can be achieved. Therefore, in the absorption refrigerator 1 </ b> A, lower cold heat can be taken out from the cold heat extraction unit 96.

  Further, the absorber 40 is provided with a lithium bromide supply device 75 and a pressure sensor 92.

  The lithium bromide supply device 75 has a lithium bromide supply pipe 76 and a valve 77. Lithium bromide is supplied to the absorber 40 via the lithium bromide supply pipe 76 when the valve 77 is opened. The opening and closing of the valve 77 is controlled by the control device 50 (operation processing device 53).

  The pressure sensor 92 is provided in the absorber 40 and measures the pressure in the absorber 40 and transmits the measured pressure value to the temperature data processing device 52.

  In the absorption refrigerator 1A, the three-component mixed liquid in the absorber 40 is supplied to the evaporator 30. Therefore, the lithium bromide concentration in the absorber 40 gradually decreases, and the absorber 40 There is a risk that the absorption capacity of.

  Therefore, in the absorption refrigerator 1 </ b> A, the pressure in the absorber 40 (the absorption capacity of the absorber 40) is monitored by the pressure sensor 92. And the control apparatus 50 (operation processing apparatus 53) judged that the density | concentration of lithium bromide became lower than the predetermined value based on the measurement result of the pressure sensor 92 (the absorption capability of the absorber 40 fell). In this case, the valve 77 is opened and lithium bromide is supplied to the absorber 40 through the lithium bromide supply pipe 76.

  On the other hand, the control device 50 (operation processing device 53) indicates that the concentration of lithium bromide is higher than a predetermined value based on the measurement result of the pressure sensor 92 (the absorption capacity of the absorber 40 is appropriately maintained). If it is determined, the valve 77 is closed and the supply of lithium bromide to the absorber 40 is stopped.

  Thus, in the absorption refrigerator 1 </ b> A, the concentration of lithium bromide in the absorber 40 can be appropriately controlled based on the measurement result of the pressure in the absorber 40 by the pressure sensor 92.

  1 A of absorption refrigerators are provided with the liquid composition measuring device 94 and the thermostat 69 which measure the liquid composition of the liquid mixture in the absorber 40. FIG. Thereby, in the control apparatus 50, using the liquid composition data measured by the liquid composition measuring apparatus 94 and the mathematical expressions (1) and (2) described above, the water mole fraction Xc of the mixed liquid in the absorber 40, The weight fraction ξ of lithium bromide can be calculated.

  In particular, a constant temperature bath 69 is provided on the liquid composition supply side of the liquid composition measuring device 94, so that the liquid mixture before measurement can be kept at a constant temperature. The calculation using 2) can be performed with a simple mathematical expression with a fixed temperature.

  In the embodiment, since the liquid mixture in the absorber 40 is a liquid mixture containing three components of water, lithium bromide, and 1.4 dioxane, the liquid composition measuring device 94 has two different physical properties ( For example, the transmittance of optical properties and the electrical conductivity of electrical properties) are measured.

  Lithium bromide has the property of being easily crystallized at higher temperatures and at higher concentrations. Therefore, in the absorption refrigerator 1A, the concentration of lithium bromide in the absorber 40 is controlled to an appropriate value based on the calculation result of the weight fraction ξ of lithium bromide by the liquid composition measuring device 94 and the control device 50. To do.

  The liquid mixture is supplied from the absorber 40 to the liquid composition measuring device 94 by a pump 83. The driving of the pump 83 is controlled by the control device 50 (operation processing device 53).

  Here, the absorption refrigerator 1 </ b> A has a condensate supply device 121 that supplies the absorber 40 with a three-component condensate of water, lithium bromide, and 1.4 dioxane in the evaporator 30.

  The condensate supply device 121 includes a pump 84 and a valve 97, and the pump 84 and the valve 97 determine supply / stop of the three-component condensate in the evaporator 30 to the absorber 40. The pump 84 and the valve 97 are controlled by the control device 50 (operation processing device 53).

  Thereby, in the absorption refrigerator 1A, the three-component working medium containing lithium bromide in the evaporator 30 is supplied to the absorber 40, thereby preventing a decrease in the concentration of lithium bromide in the absorber 40. .

Next, the liquid composition in each container in 2nd Embodiment is demonstrated.
FIG. 11 is a liquid composition diagram in each container in the second embodiment, and shows a change with time in the weight fraction of the liquid composition.

  In FIG. 11, the horizontal axis represents time and the vertical axis represents the weight fraction of the liquid composition. Further, in the initial state, the water molar fraction Xc = B in the regenerator 10 (see FIG. 3), the lithium bromide weight fraction ξ = 0.55 in the absorber 40, the working medium in the evaporator 30 The weight fraction of lithium bromide ξ = 0.2.

  In the second embodiment, the working medium in the evaporator 30 is a three-component working medium containing water, 1.4 dioxane, and lithium bromide. For this reason, the evaporator 30 contains lithium bromide at a substantially constant value, and the evaporator 30 does not evaporate lithium bromide in the working medium, so the weight fraction of lithium bromide ξ = 0.2. It becomes almost constant. In addition, the water mole fraction Xc of the working medium in the evaporator 30 is constant.

  In the initial state, the water mole fraction Xc = B in the evaporator 30 and the freezing point of the working medium is in a low state, but with the passage of time, the water mole fraction Xc = A in the evaporator 30 is reached. The freezing point rises.

  Further, in the evaporator 30, since the working medium contains lithium bromide at a constant value, the amount of water and 1.4 dioxane in the working medium is a two-component system of water and 1.4 dioxane. It is generally lower than in the case of the medium.

  Moreover, the liquid composition diagram in the regenerator 10, the condenser 20, and the absorber 40 is almost the same as the liquid composition diagram shown in FIG.

  Next, the working medium of the evaporator 30 is a three-component working medium of water, lithium bromide, and 1.4 dioxane, and the liquid composition in each container when a larger amount of 1.4 dioxane is added. explain.

FIG. 12 is a liquid composition diagram in each container when 1.4 dioxane is further added to the three-component working medium of the evaporator 30 and shows a change with time in the weight fraction of the liquid composition. .
In FIG. 12, the horizontal axis represents time and the vertical axis represents the weight fraction of the liquid composition. In the initial state, the water mole fraction Xc = D (see FIG. 3) in the regenerator 10, the lithium bromide weight fraction ξ = 0.55 in the absorber 40, and the working medium in the evaporator 30 The weight fraction of lithium bromide ξ = 0.2.

  As shown in FIG. 12, the mixed liquid in the regenerator 10 became constant at a predetermined value after the amount of 1.4 dioxane decreased with time. In this case, since the amount of 1.4 dioxane in the evaporator 30 is large, the predetermined value of 1.4 dioxane in the regenerator 10 is larger than the predetermined value in the regenerator 10 shown in FIG. It is a value.

  In the evaporator 30, the amount of 1.4 dioxane increased and became a constant value at a water molar fraction Xc = B. Since the water molar fraction Xc = D in the ternary working medium in the evaporator 30 and 1.4 dioxane is excessively contained, the freezing point of the working medium in the evaporator 30 becomes high. In the end, however, the water molar fraction Xc = B and the freezing point decreases.

  In the condenser 20, the amount of 1.4 dioxane in the mixed solution increased with time, and then stabilized at a predetermined value. Immediately after the operation of the absorption refrigerator 1 </ b> A, 1.4 dioxane is accumulated in the condenser 20, but after a sufficient amount of time has passed, no more is accumulated.

  As shown in FIG. 12, in the absorber 40, the amount of 1.4 dioxane in the absorber 40 increases to a predetermined value as much as the amount of 1.4 dioxane in the evaporator 30 increases.

  Next, the relationship between the water mole fraction Xc of the liquid mixture in the regenerator 10 and the water mole fraction Xc of the liquid mixture in the evaporator 30 in the absorption refrigerator 1A of the second embodiment will be described.

  FIG. 13 is a diagram for explaining the relationship between the water mole fraction Xc of the mixed solution in the regenerator 10 and the water mole fraction Xc of the mixed solution in the evaporator 30 in the absorption refrigerator 1A. The horizontal axis of FIG. 13 is the water mole fraction Xc of the mixed solution in the regenerator 10, and the vertical axis is the water mole fraction Xc of the mixed solution in the evaporator 30.

  In FIG. 13, similarly to FIG. 9 described above, the region Q and the region S have a water mole fraction Xc of the mixed solution in the evaporator 30 with respect to a change in the water mole fraction Xc of the mixed solution in the regenerator 10. The change is large. On the other hand, in the region R, even if the water molar fraction Xc of the liquid mixture in the regenerator 10 changes, the change in the water molar fraction Xc of the liquid mixture in the evaporator 30 is small. This region R has a small change in the freezing point in the evaporator 30, has a likelihood with respect to the added amount of 1.4 dioxane, and is a preferable range in operating the absorption refrigerator 1A.

  Therefore, the relationship (region R) between the water mole fraction Xc of the mixed solution in the regenerator 10 and the water mole fraction Xc of the mixed solution in the evaporator 30 shown in FIG. The regenerator 10 and the evaporator 30 may be operated in the range of the region R in FIG.

As described above, in the second embodiment,
(12) The working medium measured by the liquid composition measuring devices 65, 67, and 94 is returned to any one of the condenser 20, the absorber 40, the evaporator 30, or the regenerator 10.

  If comprised in this way, in a liquid composition measuring device 65, 67, 94, a working medium can be measured continuously in the operation cycle of absorption refrigerator 1, 1A.

  In the above description, the case where 1.4 dioxane is used as the water-soluble organic liquid has been described as an example. However, the water-soluble organic liquid may be an alcohol or a mixture of alcohols. For example, methanol, ethanol, 1 propanol, 2 propanol, 1 butanol, and 2 butanol can be applied as alcohols.

  In the above description, the case where lithium bromide is used as an example of the water-soluble salt has been described. However, the water-soluble salt is not limited to lithium bromide.

  In the embodiment described above, the absorber 40 is provided with the water supply device 70, the dioxane supply device 60, and the lithium bromide supply device 75, and the regenerator 10 is adjusted by adjusting the liquid composition of the mixed solution in the absorber 40. The case where the liquid composition in the evaporator 30 is adjusted has been described as an example. However, the position where the water supply device 70, the dioxane supply device 60, and the lithium bromide supply device 75 are provided is not limited to the absorber 40, and any one of the regenerator 10, the condenser 20, and the evaporator 30 is provided. Or you may provide in multiple.

  In the above-described embodiment, the liquid composition measuring devices 65, 67, and 94 are provided corresponding to the regenerator 10, the evaporator 30, and the absorber 40, respectively, but are not limited thereto. The liquid composition measuring device may be provided corresponding to at least one of the regenerator 10, the condenser 20, the evaporator 30, and the absorber 40, and particularly provided corresponding to the regenerator 10. preferable.

1: absorption refrigerator, 10: regenerator, 11: liquid level meter, 20: condenser, 21: liquid level meter, 30: evaporator, 31: liquid level meter, 40: absorber, 41: liquid level meter, 50: Control device, 51: Liquid level data processing device, 52: Temperature data processing device, 53: Operation processing device, 54: Monitor, 55: Liquid composition data processing device, 60: Dioxane supply device, 61: Dioxane supply pipe, 62: Valve, 65, 67: Liquid composition measuring device, 66, 68: Thermostatic bath, 70: Water supply device, 71: Water supply pipe, 72: Valve, 73: Inhibitor supply device, 80-82: Pump, 85- 87: Valve, 90: Heat exchanger, 91: Temperature sensor, 95: Discharge pipe, 96: Cold extractor, 101-108: Pipe

Claims (16)

A regenerator that mixes m kinds of liquids including water, a water-soluble salt, and a water-soluble organic liquid to form a working medium, heats the working medium to evaporate the water and the water-soluble organic liquid, and the regeneration A condenser that cools and condenses the first mixed vapor evaporated by the evaporator, an evaporator that condenses the condensate condensed by the condenser under reduced pressure, and obtains low-temperature cold heat by the heat of vaporization, and is generated by the evaporator In the liquid composition measuring apparatus for measuring the liquid composition of the mixed liquid used in the absorption refrigerator having the second mixed vapor absorbed by the water-soluble salt,
It further has a measuring part for measuring m-1 different physical properties,
The liquid composition measuring device is
A liquid composition measuring device in an absorption refrigerator that calculates a liquid concentration or a liquid composition of a working medium in which the m kinds of liquids are mixed based on the m-1 different physical properties measured by the measuring unit.   2. The liquid composition measurement in the absorption refrigerator according to claim 1, wherein the measurement unit calculates a liquid concentration or a liquid composition of a working medium in which the m kinds of liquids are mixed by combining measurement results of a plurality of different physical properties. apparatus.   The m-1 different physical properties are the optical properties of the object to be measured, the electrical properties of the object to be measured, and the fluid properties of the object to be measured, and the measurement unit has these different physical properties. The liquid composition measuring device in an absorption refrigerator according to claim 2, wherein the liquid concentration or liquid composition of the working medium is measured by combining any two or more of them.   The liquid composition measuring apparatus in the absorption refrigerator according to claim 3, wherein a thermostatic chamber is provided on a supply side of the working medium of the measuring unit. A control device that acquires measurement data of m-1 types of physical properties measured by the measurement unit;
Connected to the control device;
The liquid composition measuring device in an absorption refrigerator according to claim 4, further comprising a display device for displaying m kinds of liquid components of the working medium and the m−1 kinds of physical property measurement data.   The working medium in the regenerator and the absorber includes the water, the water-soluble salt, and the water-soluble organic liquid, and the working medium of the condenser and the evaporator is the water and the water-soluble organic liquid. The liquid composition measuring device in the absorption refrigerator according to claim 5. A working medium return mechanism for returning the liquid composition of the working medium in the regenerator to the absorber;
The liquid composition measuring device in an absorption refrigerator according to claim 6, wherein the measuring unit is connected to the absorber side of the working medium return mechanism.   The liquid composition measuring device in an absorption refrigerator according to claim 7, further comprising a mechanism for returning the working medium measured by the measuring unit to the absorber.   The liquid composition in the absorption refrigerator according to claim 8, wherein the working medium in the regenerator, the absorber, and the evaporator includes at least the water, the water-soluble salt, and the water-soluble organic liquid. Measuring device.   The working medium in the evaporator is continuously supplied to the measuring unit via a pipe connected to the evaporator, and the measuring unit continuously measures the working medium. Liquid composition measuring device for absorption refrigerators.   The liquid composition measuring device in an absorption refrigerator according to claim 10, wherein the working medium measured by the measuring unit is returned to any one of the condenser, the absorber, the evaporator, or the regenerator. .   The said water-soluble salt is lithium bromide, The said water-soluble organic liquid is 1.4 dioxane or alcohol, The liquid composition measuring device in the absorption refrigerator as described in any one of Claims 1-11. A regenerator that mixes m kinds of liquids including water, a water-soluble salt, and a water-soluble organic liquid to form a working medium, heats the working medium to evaporate the water and the water-soluble organic liquid, and the regeneration A condenser that cools and condenses the first mixed vapor evaporated by the evaporator, an evaporator that condenses the condensate condensed by the condenser under reduced pressure, and obtains low-temperature cold heat by the heat of vaporization, and is generated by the evaporator In the liquid composition measuring method for measuring the liquid composition of the mixed liquid used in the absorption refrigerator having the second mixed vapor absorbed by the water-soluble salt,
measuring steps for measuring m-1 different physical properties;
A liquid in an absorption refrigerator having a calculation step of calculating a liquid concentration or a liquid composition of the working medium in which the m kinds of liquids are mixed based on the m-1 different physical properties measured in the measurement step. Composition measurement method.   The liquid composition measurement in the absorption refrigerator according to claim 13, wherein the measurement step calculates a liquid concentration or a liquid composition of a working medium in which the m kinds of liquids are mixed by combining measurement results of a plurality of different physical properties. Method.   The m-1 different physical properties are the optical properties of the object to be measured, the electrical properties of the object to be measured, and the fluid properties of the object to be measured. The liquid composition measuring method in the absorption refrigerator according to claim 14, wherein the liquid concentration or liquid composition of the working medium is measured by combining any two or more of them. The liquid composition measuring method in an absorption refrigerator according to claim 15, further comprising a constant temperature step for setting the working medium to a constant temperature before the measuring step.

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