JP2019007541A - Trust bearing and turbocharger - Google Patents

Abstract

To provide a thrust bearing which can supply lubrication oil to a slide surface quickly, and to provide a turbocharger.SOLUTION: A thrust bearing 4 includes: slide surfaces 402, 412 which support an axial thrust load acting on a rotary shaft 50; an oil passage 42 which supplies lubrication oil O to the slide surfaces 402, 412; and an oil sump part 43 which is disposed at the oil passage 42 and can store the lubrication oil O.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 3

Description

  The present invention relates to a thrust bearing and a turbocharger that support an axial thrust load acting on a rotating shaft.

  Patent Document 1 discloses a thrust bearing formed by overlapping a first plate material and a second plate material. Each of the first plate member and the second plate member has a sliding surface that is in sliding contact with the thrust collar. Lubricating oil is supplied to the sliding surface via an oil passage. According to the thrust bearing described in the document, an oil passage can be secured by utilizing the interface between the first plate member and the second plate member. For this reason, the processing of the oil passage is simple.

JP 2014-77491 A

  However, the oil passage of the thrust bearing described in the same document extends linearly in the vertical direction (vertical direction). For this reason, when the engine is stopped, all of the lubricating oil in the oil passage flows down due to gravity and flows out of the oil passage. Therefore, when the engine is started, the oil passage and the sliding surface of the thrust bearing are in an “empty” state without lubricating oil. Therefore, when starting the engine, first, the lubricating oil flows from the oil passage on the engine side to the oil passage of the thrust bearing, and then, the lubricating oil flows from the oil passage of the thrust bearing to the sliding surface. Lubricating oil will be supplied. For this reason, it is difficult to quickly supply the lubricating oil to the sliding surface of the thrust bearing when starting the engine. Therefore, an object of the present invention is to provide a thrust bearing and a turbocharger that can supply lubricating oil to a sliding surface quickly.

  In order to solve the above problems, a thrust bearing according to the present invention includes a sliding surface that supports an axial thrust load acting on a rotating shaft, an oil passage that supplies lubricating oil to the sliding surface, and an oil passage. And an oil reservoir that can store the lubricating oil.

  In order to solve the above problems, a turbocharger according to the present invention is a turbocharger including the thrust bearing, wherein the rotating shaft connects a compressor impeller and a turbine impeller, and the sliding surface is the rotating It is characterized by being in sliding contact with a thrust collar attached to the outer peripheral surface of the shaft.

  According to the thrust bearing and the turbocharger of the present invention, the lubricating oil can be stored in the oil reservoir while the supply of the lubricating oil is stopped (in the case of a turbocharger, for example, the engine is stopped). For this reason, the lubricating oil can be rapidly supplied to the sliding surface when the supply of the lubricating oil is started (in the case of a turbocharger, for example, when the engine is started).

It is an axial sectional view of the turbocharger of one embodiment of the turbocharger of the present invention. It is an enlarged view in the frame II of FIG. It is a permeation | transmission front view of the thrust bearing of one Embodiment of the thrust bearing of this invention. It is a disassembled perspective view of the thrust bearing. (A) is a front view of an oil passage of a thrust bearing during engine driving. (B) is a front view of an oil passage of a thrust bearing while the engine is stopped. (C) is a front view of the oil passage of a thrust bearing at the time of engine starting. (A)-(C) is a front view of an oil passage of a thrust bearing during engine stop of other embodiments (the 1-the 3). It is a permeation | transmission front view of the thrust bearing of the turbocharger of other embodiment (the 4).

  Embodiments of a thrust bearing and a turbocharger according to the present invention will be described below.

<Turbocharger configuration>
First, the configuration of the turbocharger of this embodiment will be described. In the following drawings, the front-rear direction corresponds to the “axial direction” of the present invention. FIG. 1 shows an axial sectional view of the turbocharger of the present embodiment. As shown in FIG. 1, the turbocharger 1 of this embodiment includes a journal bearing 3, a thrust bearing 4, a rotating part 5, a bearing housing 90, a compressor housing 91, and a turbine housing 92. .

  Oil passages 901a and 901b and bearing housing portions 902a and 902b are formed in the bearing housing 90. Lubricating oil flows through the oil passages 901a and 901b. When viewed from the front side or the rear side, the bearing housing portion 902 a is disposed at the radial center of the bearing housing 90. The bearing housing portion 902b is disposed on the front side of the bearing housing portion 902a.

  The journal bearing 3 has a cylindrical shape. The journal bearing 3 is accommodated in the bearing accommodating portion 902a. The thrust bearing 4 is accommodated in the bearing accommodating portion 902b. The thrust bearing 4 will be described in detail later. The compressor housing 91 is disposed on the front side of the bearing housing 90. The turbine housing 92 is disposed on the rear side of the bearing housing 90.

  The rotating part 5 is rotatable with respect to the bearing housing 90. The rotating unit 5 includes a rotating shaft 50, a compressor impeller 51, a turbine impeller 52, a thrust collar 53, and a color turbo seal ring 54. The rotating shaft 50 penetrates the bearing housing 90 in the front-rear direction. The rotating shaft 50 is rotatably supported by the journal bearing 3 from the radially outer side. FIG. 2 shows an enlarged view in the frame II of FIG. As shown in FIG. 2, the thrust collar 53 is disposed on the outer peripheral surface of the rotating shaft 50. The thrust collar 53 is a sliding object of the thrust bearing 4. The thrust collar 53 includes a color main body 530 and a flange 531. The color main body 530 includes a cylindrical portion 530a and a flange portion 530b. The cylinder portion 530a has a cylindrical shape extending in the front-rear direction. The flange portion 530b protrudes radially outward from the rear end of the cylindrical portion 530a. The flange 531 is disposed on the front side of the cylindrical portion 530a. The thrust collar 53 is rotatably supported by the thrust bearing 4 from the front-rear direction. As shown in FIG. 1, the color turbo seal ring 54 is disposed on the outer peripheral surface of the rotating shaft 50. The color turbo seal ring 54 is disposed on the front side of the thrust collar 53. The compressor impeller 51 is attached to the front end of the rotating shaft 50. The turbine impeller 52 is connected to the rear end of the rotary shaft 50. That is, the rotating shaft 50 connects the compressor impeller 51 and the turbine impeller 52.

<Structure of thrust bearing>
Next, the structure of the thrust bearing of this embodiment is demonstrated. In FIG. 3, the permeation | transmission front view of the thrust bearing of this embodiment is shown. FIG. 4 shows an exploded perspective view of the thrust bearing. As shown in FIG. 2, the thrust bearing 4 is provided around the outer side in the radial direction of the cylindrical portion 530a. The thrust bearing 4 is disposed between the front flange 531 and the rear flange portion 530b. The thrust bearing 4 includes a first member 40, a second member 41, an oil passage 42, and an oil reservoir 43.

  As shown in FIG. 3, the first member 40 has a horseshoe shape (C-shape opening downward) when viewed from the front side. As shown in FIGS. 2 to 4, the first member 40 includes a first oil groove 400, two first oil holes 401, and a first sliding surface 402. The first sliding surface 402 is included in the concept of the “sliding surface” of the present invention. The first oil groove 400 is recessed in the rear surface of the first member 40 (surface on the second member 41 side). The first oil groove 400 extends in the radial direction while meandering. That is, a curved portion 400 a is formed in the middle of the first oil groove 400. The curved portion 400a meanders in an S shape when viewed from the front side. The first oil hole 401 is opened at the groove bottom of the first oil groove 400. The first oil hole 401 extends in the front-rear direction. The first sliding surface 402 is disposed on the front surface of the first member 40. The first sliding surface 402 is in sliding contact with the rear surface of the front flange 531 via an oil film. The first oil hole 401 is open to the first sliding surface 402.

  As shown in FIG. 3, the second member 41 has a horseshoe shape when viewed from the front side. As shown in FIGS. 2 to 4, the second member 41 is juxtaposed on the rear side of the first member 40. The second member 41 is fixed to the first member 40 by, for example, a pin. The front surface of the second member 41 seals the first oil groove 400 from the rear side. The second member 41 includes an oil supply hole 410, two second oil holes 411, and a second sliding surface 412. The second sliding surface 412 is included in the concept of the “sliding surface” of the present invention. The oil supply hole 410 penetrates the second member 41 in the front-rear direction. The rear end (upstream end) of the oil supply hole 410 communicates with the oil passage 901 a of the bearing housing 90. The front end (downstream end) of the oil supply hole 410 is continuous with the first oil groove 400. The second oil hole 411 penetrates the second member 41 in the front-rear direction. The second sliding surface 412 is disposed on the rear surface of the second member 41. The second sliding surface 412 is in sliding contact with the front surface of the rear flange portion 530b via an oil film. The second oil hole 411 opens in the second sliding surface 412.

  The oil passage 42 includes an oil supply hole 410, a first oil groove 400, a first oil hole 401, and a second oil hole 411 from the upstream side toward the downstream side. As shown in FIG. 2, the lubricating oil O is supplied from the oil passage 901 a of the bearing housing 90 to the first sliding surface 402 and the second sliding surface 412 via the oil passage 42.

  The oil reservoir 43 is disposed in the curved portion 400 a of the first oil groove 400. The oil sump part 43 includes a bottom part 430 and a weir part 431. The bottom part 430 is arrange | positioned in the outer periphery of the C-shaped part which bulges downward among the S-shaped curved parts 400a. The dam portion 431 is disposed on the inner peripheral edge of the C-shaped portion that bulges upward in the S-shaped curved portion 400a. The bottom portion 430 is disposed on the upstream side of the dam portion 431. The bottom portion 430 has a lower altitude than the weir portion 431.

<Thrust bearing movement>
Next, the movement of the thrust bearing of this embodiment will be described. FIG. 5A shows a front view of the oil passage of the thrust bearing during engine driving. FIG. 5B shows a front view of the oil passage of the thrust bearing while the engine is stopped. FIG. 5C shows a front view of the oil passage of the thrust bearing when the engine is started. 5A to 5C are obtained by extracting the oil passage 42 from FIG.

  As shown in FIGS. 2 and 5A, the oil passage 42 is filled with the lubricating oil O while the engine is driven. The lubricating oil O flows in the order of the oil passage 901 a of the bearing housing 90 → the oil supply hole 410 → the first oil groove 400 (including the oil reservoir portion 43) → two first oil holes 401 and is supplied to the first sliding surface 402. Is done. In addition, the lubricating oil O flows in the order of the oil passage 901 a of the bearing housing 90 → the oil supply hole 410 → the first oil groove 400 (including the oil reservoir 43) → the two second oil holes 411, and the second sliding surface 412. To be supplied. Thus, during engine driving (during rotation of the rotating shaft 50), the thrust bearing 4 acts on the rotating shaft 50 through the oil film formed on the first sliding surface 402 and the second sliding surface 412. Supports the longitudinal thrust load.

  As shown in FIG. 5B, when the engine is stopped while the engine is driven in FIG. 5A, the lubricating oil O is not supplied from the oil passage 901a of the bearing housing 90 to the oil passage. For this reason, the lubricating oil O in the oil passage 42 flows down from the oil passage 42 due to its own weight. However, the total amount of the lubricating oil O in the oil passage 42 does not flow down from the oil passage 42. An oil reservoir 43 is disposed in the curved portion 400 a of the oil passage 42. The bottom portion 430 of the oil reservoir 43 is disposed on the upstream side of the dam portion 431. Further, the bottom portion 430 has a lower altitude than the weir portion 431. For this reason, a part of the lubricating oil O in the oil passage 42 is stored in the bottom 430. In this way, part of the lubricating oil O is stored in the oil reservoir 43 while the engine is stopped (when the rotary shaft 50 is stopped).

  As shown in FIG. 5C, when the engine is started while the engine is stopped in FIG. 5B, the lubricating oil O starts to be supplied from the oil passage 901 a of the bearing housing 90 to the oil passage 42. First, the air A (shown by a one-dot chain line arrow in FIG. 5C) remaining in the oil passage 901 a flows into the oil passage 42. The air A pushes out the lubricating oil O from the oil reservoir 43. The extruded lubricating oil O is supplied to the first sliding surface 402 and the second sliding surface 412 through the first oil hole 401 and the second oil hole 411. Thus, when the engine is started (when the rotation of the rotary shaft 50 is started), the lubricating oil O in the oil reservoir 43 is rapidly supplied to the first sliding surface 402 and the second sliding surface 412. Thereafter, the air A is discharged from the oil passage 42, and the oil passage 42 is filled with the lubricating oil O as shown in FIG.

<Effect>
Next, the effect of the thrust bearing and turbocharger of this embodiment will be described. As shown in FIG. 5B, according to the thrust bearing 4 and the turbocharger 1 of the present embodiment, the lubricating oil O can be stored in the oil reservoir 43 while the engine is stopped. Therefore, as shown in FIG. 5C, the lubricating oil O can be quickly supplied to the first sliding surface 402 and the second sliding surface 412 when the engine is started.

  As shown in FIGS. 2 and 4, the thrust bearing 4 is formed by a plurality of members (first member 40, second member 41) that are overlaid. For this reason, the 1st oil groove 400 and the 1st oil hole 401 can be easily formed in the 1st member 40 by press work etc., for example. In addition, the oil supply hole 410 and the second oil hole 411 can be easily formed in the second member 41. Further, the first oil groove 400 can be easily arranged using the interface between the first member 40 and the second member 41.

  As shown in FIG. 3, the oil sump part 43 includes a bottom part 430 and a weir part 431. The bottom portion 430 is disposed on the upstream side of the dam portion 431. Further, the bottom portion 430 has a lower altitude than the weir portion 431. For this reason, as shown to FIG. 5 (B), it can suppress that the lubricating oil O flows out from the oil sump part 43, when an engine stops.

<Others>
The embodiments of the thrust bearing and the turbocharger according to the present invention have been described above. However, the embodiment is not particularly limited to the above embodiment. Various modifications and improvements that can be made by those skilled in the art are also possible.

  FIGS. 6A to 6C are front views of the oil passages of the thrust bearings when the engine is stopped in other embodiments (part 1 to part 3). Note that portions corresponding to those in FIG. 5B are denoted by the same reference numerals.

  As shown in FIG. 6A, an oil reservoir 43 may be arranged in a tributary manner with respect to the oil passage 42. At the time of starting, the lubricating oil O flows out from the oil reservoir 43 due to the pressure of the air A (see FIG. 5C), the pressure of the lubricating oil O, the vibration of the engine, and the like.

  As shown in FIG. 6B, a plurality of oil reservoirs 43 may be arranged in a baffle plate with respect to the oil passage 42. At the time of start-up, the lubricating oil O flows out from the plurality of oil reservoirs 43 due to air A (see FIG. 5C), the pressure of the lubricating oil O, the vibration of the engine, and the like.

  As shown in FIG. 6C, the oil reservoir 43 may be arranged corresponding to the upstream oil holes (the upstream first oil holes 401 and the second oil holes 411). In addition, the oil reservoir 43 may be arranged corresponding to the downstream oil holes (the first oil hole 401 and the second oil hole 411 on the downstream side). In this way, at the time of start-up, the lubricating oil O can be quickly supplied not only to the upstream oil hole but also to the downstream oil hole.

  As shown in FIGS. 6 (A) and 6 (B), the lubricating oil O in the oil reservoir 43 may not flow easily during engine driving. As shown in FIGS. 5A and 6C, the lubricating oil O in the oil reservoir 43 may easily flow while the engine is driven. The oil reservoir 43 only needs to be able to store the lubricating oil O while the supply of the lubricating oil O is stopped. The oil reservoir 43 only needs to be able to supply the lubricating oil O to the first sliding surface 402 and the second sliding surface 412 when the supply of the lubricating oil O is started.

  FIG. 7 shows a transparent front view of a thrust bearing of a turbocharger according to another embodiment (part 4). In addition, about the site | part corresponding to FIG. 3, it shows with the same code | symbol. As shown in FIG. 7, the thrust bearing of the present invention may be embodied as an annular thrust bearing 4. Further, the first oil hole 401 and the second oil hole 411 shown in FIG. The first oil groove 400 is extended to the inner peripheral surface 44 of the thrust bearing 4, and from the first oil groove 400 via a gap between the inner peripheral surface 44 and the outer peripheral surface of the cylindrical portion 530a of the thrust collar 53, Lubricating oil O may be supplied to the first sliding surface 402 and the second sliding surface 412.

  Further, instead of the first oil groove 400, a second oil groove may be provided in the front surface of the second member 41. Then, the second oil groove may be sealed with the rear surface of the first member 40. In addition, the first oil groove 400 is formed on the rear surface of the first member 40, the second oil groove is formed on the front surface of the second member 41, and the oil grooves 42 are combined to form at least the oil passage 42. A part may be formed.

  There are no particular limitations on the number of oil reservoirs 43, the oil retention amount (the amount of lubricating oil O stored when the engine is stopped), the position, the shape, and the like. For example, the oil reservoir 43 may be disposed below the lower ends of the first sliding surface 402 and the second sliding surface 412. This makes it difficult for the lubricating oil O to flow out of the oil reservoir 43 while the engine is stopped. Further, as indicated by a dotted line B in FIG. 2, a C-shaped oil reservoir 43 that bulges downward may be provided in the groove bottom surface of the first oil groove 400. The number of members (the first member 40 and the second member 41) constituting the thrust bearing 4 is not particularly limited. The thrust bearing 4 may be constituted by a single member or three or more members.

  1: turbocharger, 3: journal bearing, 4: thrust bearing, 5: rotating part, 40: first member, 41: second member, 42: oil passage, 43: oil reservoir, 44: inner peripheral surface, 50 : Rotating shaft, 51: compressor impeller, 52: turbine impeller, 53: thrust collar, 54: collar turbo seal ring, 90: bearing housing, 91: compressor housing, 92: turbine housing, 400: first oil groove, 400a: Curved portion, 401: first oil hole, 402: first sliding surface (sliding surface), 410: oil supply hole, 411: second oil hole, 412: second sliding surface (sliding surface), 430: Bottom part, 431: Weir part, 530: Collar body, 530a: Tube part, 530b: Flange part, 531: Flange, 901a: Oil passage, 902a: Bearing housing part, 902b: Bearing housing part, A Air, O: lubricating oil

Claims (5)

A sliding surface for supporting an axial thrust load acting on the rotating shaft;
An oil passage for supplying lubricating oil to the sliding surface;
An oil reservoir disposed in the oil passage and capable of storing the lubricating oil;
A thrust bearing comprising. A first member;
A second member disposed adjacent to the first member in the axial direction;
With
The thrust bearing according to claim 1, wherein at least a part of the oil passage is disposed at an interface between the first member and the second member.   The thrust bearing according to claim 1, wherein the oil reservoir has a bottom and a weir for storing the lubricating oil in the bottom.   The thrust bearing according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the oil reservoir is disposed in a curved portion of the oil passage. A turbocharger comprising the thrust bearing according to any one of claims 1 to 4,
The rotating shaft connects a compressor impeller and a turbine impeller,
The sliding surface is a turbocharger that is in sliding contact with a thrust collar attached to the outer peripheral surface of the rotating shaft.

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