JP2019005772A - Butting and welding method - Google Patents
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Abstract
Description
本発明は、突合せ溶接方法に関し、特に、厚みの異なる板同士を突き合わせて溶接する突合せ溶接方法に関する。 The present invention relates to a butt welding method, and more particularly to a butt welding method in which plates having different thicknesses are butt-welded.
このような突合せ溶接方法の一例が、特許文献1に開示されている。 An example of such a butt welding method is disclosed in Patent Document 1.
板同士の厚みに差がある場合、溶接面積が、板同士のうち薄い方の板の断面積に限定される。そのため、溶接物の溶接強度に改善の余地があった。 When there is a difference in thickness between the plates, the welding area is limited to the cross-sectional area of the thinner plate among the plates. Therefore, there has been room for improvement in the weld strength of the weldment.
本発明は、厚みの異なる板同士を良好な溶接強度で突合せ溶接するものとする。 In the present invention, plates having different thicknesses are butt-welded with good welding strength.
本発明に係る突合せ溶接方法は、
第1の板と、当該第1の板よりも厚い第2の板とを、突き合わせて溶接する突合せ溶接方法であって、
前記第1の板と前記第2の板とを突き合わせる前に、前記第1の板をL字状に折り曲げ加工して、前記第1の板において前記第1の板の本体から折り曲がった折り曲げ端部を形成するL字折り曲げ加工工程を備え、
前記L字折り曲げ加工工程では、
前記折り曲げ端部を形成した後において、前記第1の板は、前記第1の板の本体と、前記折り曲げ端部と、前記第1の板の本体と前記折り曲げ端部との境界に位置する折り曲げ開始点と、を備え、
前記第1の板における前記折り曲げ開始点から前記折り曲げ端部の先端までの長さが、前記第2の板の厚みと実質的に同じである。
このような構成によれば、第1の板の折り曲げ端部の長さと、第2の板の厚みとが同じである。そのため、第1の板の折り曲げ端部と第2の板とを突き合わせられた部位の面積は、第1の板と第2の板とをそのまま突き合わせられた部位の面積よりも大きい。よって、溶接面積が、第1及び第2の板同士のうち薄い第1の板の断面積に限定されることなく、第1の板と第2の板とを広い溶接面積で溶接することができる。すなわち、良好な溶接強度を溶接することができる。
The butt welding method according to the present invention includes:
A butt welding method in which a first plate and a second plate thicker than the first plate are butt-welded,
Before the first plate and the second plate are brought into contact with each other, the first plate is bent into an L shape and bent from the main body of the first plate in the first plate. Comprising an L-shaped bending process for forming a bent end;
In the L-shaped bending process,
After forming the bent end, the first plate is located at a boundary between the first plate main body, the bent end, and the first plate main body and the bent end. A folding start point, and
The length from the folding start point of the first plate to the tip of the bent end is substantially the same as the thickness of the second plate.
According to such a configuration, the length of the bent end portion of the first plate and the thickness of the second plate are the same. For this reason, the area of the portion where the bent end of the first plate and the second plate are abutted is larger than the area of the portion where the first plate and the second plate are abutted as they are. Therefore, the first plate and the second plate can be welded with a wide welding area without limiting the welding area to the cross-sectional area of the thin first plate among the first and second plates. it can. That is, good welding strength can be welded.
本発明は、厚みの異なる板同士を良好な溶接強度で突合せ溶接することができる。 The present invention can butt weld plates having different thicknesses with good welding strength.
以下、本発明を適用した具体的な実施形態について、図面を参照しながら詳細に説明する。ただし、本発明が以下の実施形態に限定される訳ではない。また、説明を明確にするため、以下の記載及び図面は、適宜、簡略化されている。 Hereinafter, specific embodiments to which the present invention is applied will be described in detail with reference to the drawings. However, the present invention is not limited to the following embodiments. In addition, for clarity of explanation, the following description and drawings are simplified as appropriate.
(実施の形態1)
図1〜図3を参照して実施の形態1について説明する。図1〜図3は、実施の形態1に係る溶接方法の一工程を示す模式図である。
(Embodiment 1)
The first embodiment will be described with reference to FIGS. 1 to 3 are schematic views showing one process of the welding method according to the first embodiment.
図1に示すように、ワークW1(第1の板W1と称してもよい。)は、ワーク本体W1aと、端部W1bとを備える。ワークW1は、所定の厚みt1を有する板状体を備える。ワークW1は、卑金属材料からなり、例えば、Fe、Al、Ti、Mg又はこれらの合金からなる。このFe合金の一例として、SUS(ステンレス鋼)が挙げられる。 As shown in FIG. 1, the workpiece W1 (which may be referred to as a first plate W1) includes a workpiece main body W1a and an end W1b. The workpiece W1 includes a plate-like body having a predetermined thickness t1. The workpiece W1 is made of a base metal material, for example, Fe, Al, Ti, Mg, or an alloy thereof. One example of this Fe alloy is SUS (stainless steel).
図2に示すように、ワークW1の端部W1b(折り曲げ端部W1bと称してもよい。)を折り曲げる(L字折り曲げ加工工程ST1)。具体的には、ワークW1の端部W1bを、ワーク本体W1aと交差する、又は、実質的に直交するように曲げる。ワークW1の端部W1b側の所定の長さだけ折り曲げられる。さらに、端部W1bの端面をたたく。たたいた方向の一例は、図2に示す矢印と同じ方向であり、ワーク本体W1aに実質的に直交する方向である。たたかれて変形した後、ワークW1は、ワーク本体W1aと、端部W1bとを備える。端部W1bは、ワーク本体W1aと端部W1bとの境界に位置する折り曲げ開始点W1cから折り曲がり、折り曲げ方向に延びる。端部W1bは、角部W1abを備え、角部W1abは、所定の曲げ半径Rを有し、角部W1abの凸側表面の角度は、実質的に直角、又はそれに近い値である。ここで、端部W1bの長さt3は、具体的には、折り曲げ方向において、折り曲げ開始点W1cから端部W1bの先端W1dまでの長さである。長さt3は、厚みt1よりも大きく、後述するワークW2の厚みt2と実質的に同じであるとよい。ここでは、長さt3は、ワークW2の厚みt2と実質的に同じである。 As shown in FIG. 2, the end portion W1b (also referred to as a bent end portion W1b) of the workpiece W1 is bent (L-shaped bending process step ST1). Specifically, the end W1b of the workpiece W1 is bent so as to intersect with the workpiece main body W1a or to be substantially orthogonal. The workpiece W1 is bent by a predetermined length on the end W1b side. Further, the end surface of the end W1b is hit. An example of the struck direction is the same direction as the arrow shown in FIG. 2, and is a direction substantially orthogonal to the workpiece body W1a. After being deformed by striking, the workpiece W1 includes a workpiece body W1a and an end W1b. The end W1b is bent from a bending start point W1c located at the boundary between the workpiece main body W1a and the end W1b, and extends in the bending direction. The end W1b includes a corner W1ab, the corner W1ab has a predetermined bending radius R, and the angle of the convex surface of the corner W1ab is substantially a right angle or a value close thereto. Here, the length t3 of the end W1b is specifically the length from the folding start point W1c to the tip W1d of the end W1b in the folding direction. The length t3 is larger than the thickness t1, and is preferably substantially the same as the thickness t2 of the workpiece W2 described later. Here, the length t3 is substantially the same as the thickness t2 of the workpiece W2.
図3に示すように、ワークW1の端部W1bとワークW2とを突き合わせたまま、突き合わせた部分を溶接し、溶接部W12を形成する(溶接工程ST2)。ワークW1の一方の主面とワークW2の一方の主面とが面一となるように、突き合わされている。溶接方法として、例えば、レーザ溶接を利用することができる。ワークW2(第2の板W2と称してもよい。)は、ワークW1と同様に、ワーク本体W2aと、端部W2bとを備える。ワークW2は、ワークW1よりも大きい厚みt2を有する板状体を備える。ワークW2は、ワークW1と同様に、金属材料からなり、例えば、Fe、Al、Ti、Mg又はこれらの合金からなる。このFe合金の一例として、SUSが挙げられる。ワークW2は、ワークW1と同じ又は異なる種類の金属材料からなる。 As shown in FIG. 3, with the end portion W1b of the workpiece W1 and the workpiece W2 being butted, the butted portions are welded to form a welded portion W12 (welding step ST2). The one main surface of the workpiece W1 and the one main surface of the workpiece W2 are abutted so as to be flush with each other. As a welding method, for example, laser welding can be used. The workpiece W2 (which may be referred to as a second plate W2) includes a workpiece main body W2a and an end W2b, like the workpiece W1. The work W2 includes a plate-like body having a thickness t2 larger than the work W1. The work W2 is made of a metal material, for example, Fe, Al, Ti, Mg, or an alloy thereof, like the work W1. One example of this Fe alloy is SUS. The work W2 is made of the same or different kind of metal material as the work W1.
以上より、上記した突合せ溶接方法では、ワークW1の端部W1bの長さt3と、ワークW2の厚みt2とが実質的に同じである。ワークW1の端部W1bとワークW2とを突き合わせられた部位の面積が大きい。そのため、ワークW1と、ワークW2とを広い溶接面積で溶接することができる。すなわち、溶接物が良好な溶接強度を有するよう、溶接することができる。 As described above, in the butt welding method described above, the length t3 of the end W1b of the workpiece W1 and the thickness t2 of the workpiece W2 are substantially the same. The area of the part where the end W1b of the work W1 and the work W2 are abutted is large. Therefore, the workpiece W1 and the workpiece W2 can be welded with a wide welding area. That is, welding can be performed so that the welded article has good welding strength.
(溶接物の一具体例)
ところで、図4及び図5に示す溶接物の一具体例がある。図4及び図5は、溶接物の一具体例を示す模式図である。図4及び図5に示す溶接物の一具体例を例にとって、実施の形態1に係る溶接方法の作用効果について説明する。
(One specific example of welded material)
Incidentally, there is a specific example of the weldment shown in FIGS. 4 and 5. 4 and 5 are schematic views showing a specific example of the welded material. The effect of the welding method according to the first embodiment will be described with reference to an example of the welded material shown in FIGS. 4 and 5.
図4に示すように、フレーム本体部材W22と、フレーム本体部材W22よりも厚いフレーム端部材W21とを突き合わせ溶接した溶接物W20がある。フレーム本体部材W22は、ワークW2の一具体例であり、フレーム端部材W21は、ワークW1の一具体例である。ここでは、折り曲げ加工工程ST1が無いところを除いて実施の形態1に係る溶接方法と同じ構成を有する溶接方法を用いた。フレーム本体部材W22とフレーム端部材W21との溶接部位は、辺部W212aと、辺部W212bと、角部W212dとを有する。角部W212dは、辺部W212a及び辺部W212bが交差して成す。 As shown in FIG. 4, there is a welded product W20 obtained by butt welding a frame main body member W22 and a frame end member W21 thicker than the frame main body member W22. The frame body member W22 is a specific example of the work W2, and the frame end member W21 is a specific example of the work W1. Here, a welding method having the same configuration as the welding method according to the first embodiment is used except that the bending step ST1 is not performed. A welded portion between the frame main body member W22 and the frame end member W21 has a side portion W212a, a side portion W212b, and a corner portion W212d. The corner portion W212d is formed by intersecting the side portion W212a and the side portion W212b.
ところで、図5に示すように、フレーム本体部材W32と、フレーム本体部材W32よりも厚いフレーム端部材W31とを突き合わせ溶接した溶接物W30がある。フレーム本体部材W32は、ワークW2の一具体例であり、フレーム端部材W31は、ワークW1の一具体例である。フレーム本体部材W32とフレーム端部材W31との溶接部位は、辺部W312aと、辺部W312bと、辺部W312cと、角部W312dと、角部W312eとを有する。角部W312dは、辺部W312a及び辺部W312bが交差して成し、角部W312eは、辺部W312a及び辺部W312cが交差して成す。 Incidentally, as shown in FIG. 5, there is a welded product W30 in which a frame main body member W32 and a frame end member W31 thicker than the frame main body member W32 are butt welded. The frame main body member W32 is a specific example of the work W2, and the frame end member W31 is a specific example of the work W1. The welded portion between the frame main body member W32 and the frame end member W31 has a side portion W312a, a side portion W312b, a side portion W312c, a corner portion W312d, and a corner portion W312e. The corner portion W312d is formed by intersecting the side portion W312a and the side portion W312b, and the corner portion W312e is formed by intersecting the side portion W312a and the side portion W312c.
溶接物W20、W30において、折り曲げ加工工程ST1が無いところを除いて実施の形態1に係る溶接方法と同じ構成を有する溶接方法を用いて、溶接したと仮定する。このような仮定をした場合、溶接物W30は、溶接物W20と比較して、長い溶接長を有するため、高い溶接強度を有する。詳細には、フレーム端部材W31がN(N≧3)角形状であり、フレーム本体部材W32とフレーム端部材W31との溶接部位の形状が、フレーム端部材W31の辺を構成する数nが大きくなるにつれて、溶接強度が高くなる。図4の例では、N=4、n=2であり、図5の例では、N=4、n=3であるため、溶接物W30は、溶接物W20と比較して、長い溶接長を有するため、高い溶接強度を有する。 It is assumed that the weldments W20 and W30 are welded using a welding method having the same configuration as the welding method according to the first embodiment except that the bending step ST1 is not performed. When such an assumption is made, the welded product W30 has a longer weld length than the welded product W20, and thus has a high weld strength. Specifically, the frame end member W31 has an N (N ≧ 3) square shape, and the shape of the welded portion between the frame main body member W32 and the frame end member W31 is large in the number n constituting the side of the frame end member W31. As it becomes, the welding strength increases. In the example of FIG. 4, N = 4 and n = 2, and in the example of FIG. 5, N = 4 and n = 3. Therefore, the welded product W30 has a longer weld length than the welded product W20. Therefore, it has high weld strength.
一方、実施の形態1に係る溶接方法を用いて形成した溶接物W20は、折り曲げ加工工程ST1が無いところを除いて実施の形態1に係る溶接方法と同じ構成を有する溶接方法を用いて形成した溶接物W30と比較して、短い溶接長を有するものの、単位溶接長当たりの溶接面積が大きくなる。そのため、実施の形態1に係る溶接方法を用いて形成した溶接物W20は、折り曲げ加工工程ST1が無いところを除いて実施の形態1に係る溶接方法と同じ構成を有する溶接方法を用いて形成した溶接物W30と比較して、同じ、又は高い溶接強度を有し得る。しかも、第1の板と第2の板との位置合わせが容易となり、第1の板と第2の板とを高い精度で溶接し得る。 On the other hand, the welded product W20 formed using the welding method according to the first embodiment is formed using a welding method having the same configuration as the welding method according to the first embodiment except that the bending process ST1 is not performed. Although it has a short weld length compared to the welded product W30, the weld area per unit weld length is increased. Therefore, the welded product W20 formed using the welding method according to the first embodiment is formed using a welding method having the same configuration as the welding method according to the first embodiment, except that the bending process step ST1 is not performed. Compared to the weldment W30, it may have the same or higher weld strength. Moreover, the first plate and the second plate can be easily aligned, and the first plate and the second plate can be welded with high accuracy.
(溶接方法の一具体例)
次に、図6A〜図10A、及び図6B〜図10Bを参照して、実施の形態1に係る溶接方法と同じ構成を有する溶接方法を含むフレームの製造方法について説明する。図6A〜図10Aは、フレームの製造方法の一工程を示す模式斜視図である。図6B〜図10Bは、フレームの製造方法の一工程を示す模式断面図である。
(One specific example of welding method)
Next, with reference to FIGS. 6A to 10A and FIGS. 6B to 10B, a method for manufacturing a frame including a welding method having the same configuration as the welding method according to Embodiment 1 will be described. 6A to 10A are schematic perspective views showing one step of the method for manufacturing the frame. FIG. 6B to FIG. 10B are schematic cross-sectional views illustrating one step of the method for manufacturing the frame.
図6A、及び図6Bに示すように、フレームの素材(図示略)を切断し、フレーム本体部材W41、フレーム端部材W42、W43を形成した後、フレーム本体部材W41の一部位の一端をL字状に折り曲げる(折り曲げ加工工程ST1)。図6Bに示すフレーム本体部材W41の一例では、一部位の両端をいずれもL字状に折り曲げてもよい。フレーム本体部材W41は、ワークW1の一具体例であり、フレーム端部材W42、W43は、ワークW2の一具体例である。フレーム端部材W42、W43は、フレーム本体部材W41よりも大きな厚みを備える。 6A and 6B, the frame material (not shown) is cut to form the frame body member W41 and the frame end members W42 and W43, and then one end of one part of the frame body member W41 is L-shaped. Is bent into a shape (bending step ST1). In the example of the frame main body member W41 shown in FIG. 6B, both of the partial ends may be bent into an L shape. The frame body member W41 is a specific example of the workpiece W1, and the frame end members W42 and W43 are a specific example of the workpiece W2. The frame end members W42 and W43 have a larger thickness than the frame main body member W41.
図7A、及び図7Bに示すように、フレーム端部材W42、W43を、フレーム本体部材W41の所定の部位に押し当てるように固定させる。すなわち、フレーム端部材W42、W43と、フレーム本体部材W41とが、突き合わされている。言い換えると、フレーム端部材W42、W43がフレーム本体部材W41の一部を挟みこみように配置される。 As shown in FIGS. 7A and 7B, the frame end members W42 and W43 are fixed so as to press against predetermined portions of the frame main body member W41. That is, the frame end members W42 and W43 and the frame main body member W41 are abutted with each other. In other words, the frame end members W42 and W43 are arranged so as to sandwich a part of the frame main body member W41.
図8A、及び図8Bに示すように、レーザをフレーム端部材W42、W43とフレーム本体部材W41との境界又はその近傍に照射して、フレーム端部材W42、W43を、フレーム本体部材W41に接合する。 As shown in FIGS. 8A and 8B, the laser is irradiated to the boundary between the frame end members W42 and W43 and the frame main body member W41 or in the vicinity thereof, and the frame end members W42 and W43 are joined to the frame main body member W41. .
図9A、及び図9Bに示すように、接合したフレーム本体部材W41とフレーム端部材W42、W43とを、断面コの字状に変形させるように、プレス成形する。ここで、フレーム本体部材W41とフレーム端部材W42、W43とは、高い溶接強度で接合されているため、プレス成形しても互いにしっかりと接合したままである。プレス成形後のフレーム本体部材W41とフレーム端部材W42、W43とは、適宜、加工をして、例えば、車両に搭載されるシャシーフレームの一部材として利用することができる。 As shown in FIGS. 9A and 9B, the joined frame body member W41 and the frame end members W42 and W43 are press-molded so as to be deformed into a U-shaped cross section. Here, since the frame main body member W41 and the frame end members W42 and W43 are joined with high welding strength, they remain firmly joined to each other even after press molding. The press-molded frame body member W41 and the frame end members W42 and W43 can be appropriately processed and used as, for example, a member of a chassis frame mounted on a vehicle.
なお、本発明は上記実施の形態に限られたものではなく、趣旨を逸脱しない範囲で適宜変更することが可能である。 Note that the present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiment, and can be changed as appropriate without departing from the spirit of the present invention.
ST1 折り曲げ加工工程 ST2 溶接工程
W1 ワーク
W1a ワーク本体 W1b 端部
W1c 折り曲げ開始点 W1d 先端
W2 ワーク
ST1 Bending process ST2 Welding process W1 Work W1a Work body W1b End W1c Bending start point W1d Tip W2 Work
Claims (1)
前記第1の板と前記第2の板とを突き合わせる前に、前記第1の板をL字状に折り曲げ加工して、前記第1の板において前記第1の板の本体から折り曲がった折り曲げ端部を形成するL字折り曲げ加工工程を備え、
前記L字折り曲げ加工工程では、
前記折り曲げ端部を形成した後において、前記第1の板は、前記第1の板の本体と、前記折り曲げ端部と、前記第1の板の本体と前記折り曲げ端部との境界に位置する折り曲げ開始点と、を備え、
前記第1の板における前記折り曲げ開始点から前記折り曲げ端部の先端までの長さが、前記第2の板の厚みと実質的に同じである、
突合せ溶接方法。 A butt welding method in which a first plate and a second plate thicker than the first plate are butt-welded,
Before the first plate and the second plate are brought into contact with each other, the first plate is bent into an L shape and bent from the main body of the first plate in the first plate. Comprising an L-shaped bending process for forming a bent end;
In the L-shaped bending process,
After forming the bent end, the first plate is located at a boundary between the first plate main body, the bent end, and the first plate main body and the bent end. A folding start point, and
The length from the folding start point to the tip of the bent end in the first plate is substantially the same as the thickness of the second plate.
Butt welding method.
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