JP6887254B2 - Welding method using a jig for welding the outer plate and manufacturing method of the outer plate for railway vehicles using the jig for welding the outer plate - Google Patents

Description

The present invention relates to a welding method using a jig for welding an outer plate and a method for manufacturing an outer plate for a railroad vehicle using a jig for welding the outer plate.

The outer plate constituting the railroad vehicle structure is formed by joining a plurality of metal plates by butt welding. Butt welding is performed, for example, by abutting the ends (butt ends) of the metal plates on a flat plate-shaped backing member and welding the ends.

When, for example, a stainless steel metal plate is used as the outer plate, the surface thereof may not be painted. In this case, in order to make the welded portion formed at the butt end portion inconspicuous, the welded portion on the surface side is subjected to a polishing treatment. The polishing process is carried out using, for example, a belt polishing apparatus as described in Patent Document 1.

Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 2013-119138

When the butt welding as described above is performed, the welded portion formed at the butt end portion may be dented by heat. In this case, it becomes difficult to polish the welded portion of the flat plate-shaped outer plate, and it is difficult to completely remove the weld marks. In addition, during the polishing process, the periphery of the welded portion on the surface of the outer plate may be excessively polished. As a result, dents and the like are formed around the welding marks, and the appearance of the outer plate is spoiled.

The present invention has been made to solve such a problem, and is a jig for welding an outer plate that can satisfactorily remove welding marks while suppressing spoiling the appearance of the outer plate, and a welding method using the jig. The purpose is to provide.

The outer plate welding jig according to one aspect of the present invention is an outer plate welding jig which is a backing member used when a pair of outer plate metal plates are butted and welded, and is a pair of outer plate metal. It is provided with a plate-shaped main body having a mounting surface on which the plate is mounted, and the mounting surface is a first surface on which a butt end portion of one metal plate for an outer plate is mounted and an outer surface of the other. It has a second surface on which a butt end portion of a metal plate for a plate is placed, and the first surface and the second surface are configured to form a mountain, and the first surface and the second surface are used. The corners made are blunt.

According to this outer plate welding jig, the first surface and the second surface of the mounting surface on which the pair of metal plates for outer plates are placed are configured to form a mountain, and the first surface is formed. The corner formed by the surface and the second surface has an obtuse angle. Therefore, when the butt ends of the pair of metal plates for outer plates are placed on the mounting surface of the outer plate welding jig, at least one of the butt ends can be bent. Then, the portion actually welded at the butt end portion can be the most raised portion of the outer plate metal plate. As a result, after butt welding, the welded portion can be formed at the most raised portion of the integrated metal plate for the outer plate. In this case, it becomes easy to polish only the welded portion with a polishing device or the like, and the welding mark can be satisfactorily removed. In addition, since the polishing apparatus is less likely to come into contact with a portion of the outer plate metal plate other than the welded portion, it is less likely that a dent or the like is formed on the surface of the outer plate. Therefore, by using the outer plate welding jig, it is possible to satisfactorily remove the welding marks while suppressing spoiling the appearance of the outer plate.

Further, the angle θ may be 178 ° or more and 179.6 ° or less. When the angle θ is 178 ° or more, the bending of the welded portion and its surroundings on the outer plate can be easily corrected. As a result, a flat plate-shaped outer plate can be satisfactorily formed. Further, when the angle θ is 179.6 ° or less, the butt end portion can be bent, and only the welded portion can be reliably polished by a polishing device or the like.

Further, the main body portion has a bottom surface located on the opposite side of the mounting surface, and each of the first surface and the second surface has an inclined surface with respect to the bottom surface, and the first surface and the bottom surface are formed. The angle θ1 formed by the sword and the angle θ2 formed by the second surface and the bottom surface may be 0.2 ° or more and 1 ° or less, respectively. In this case, since the butt end portion of each outer plate metal plate can be bent, the amount of deformation of the butt end portion can be leveled. Thereby, the bending of the butt end can be easily corrected.

Further, each of the angle θ1 and the angle θ2 may be 0.5 ° or more and 0.9 ° or less. In this case, the bending of the welded portion and its surroundings on the outer plate can be more easily corrected, and only the welded portion can be more reliably polished by a polishing device or the like.

Further, the first surface and the second surface may have a shape that is continuous with each other along a predetermined straight line and is line-symmetric with respect to the straight line. In this case, the amount of deformation between the butt ends can be leveled.

The welding method according to the other side surface of the present invention is a welding method in which a pair of metal plates for outer plates are butt-welded using the above-mentioned jig for welding outer plates, and for one outer plate on the first surface. The butt end of the metal plate is placed, the butt end of the other metal plate for the outer plate is placed on the second surface, and the butt ends are butt-butted, and the butt ends are welded to each other. By doing so, the welding process of integrating the pair of outer plate metal plates via the welded portions formed at the corners and the outer plate welding cure in the integrated outer plate metal plate are performed in the welding process. It includes a polishing step of polishing the welded portion from the first surface side that is not in contact with the tool.

According to this welding method, in the butt step, the butt end of one metal plate for outer plate is placed on the first surface, and the butt end of the other metal plate for outer plate is placed on the second surface. Place it. Therefore, the corner portion formed by the first surface and the second surface, which are the portions actually welded at the butt end portion, can be the most raised portion of the outer plate metal plate. As a result, a welded portion can be formed at the corner portion in the welding process. In this case, by polishing the welded portion from the first surface side in the polishing step, it becomes easy to polish only the welded portion, and the weld mark can be satisfactorily removed. In addition, in the polishing step, it becomes difficult to polish the portion of the metal plate for the outer plate other than the welded portion, so that dents and the like are less likely to be formed on the surface of the outer plate. Therefore, the welding marks can be satisfactorily removed while suppressing spoiling the appearance of the outer plate.

Further, in the polishing step, the welded portion may be polished with the integrated metal plate for the outer plate placed on the jig for welding the outer plate. In this case, during the polishing process, the correction of the bending of the integrated metal plate for the outer plate is hindered by the jig for welding the outer plate. As a result, only the welded portion can be satisfactorily polished during the polishing process.

Further, the welding method may further include a reinforcing step of attaching a reinforcing member to the second surface of the integrated metal plate for the outer plate opposite to the first surface after the polishing step. In this case, a reinforced flat outer plate can be provided.

According to the present invention, it is possible to provide a jig for welding an outer plate and a welding method using the jig, which can satisfactorily remove welding marks thereof while suppressing spoiling the appearance of the outer plate.

FIG. 1A is a schematic perspective view of the outer plate welding jig according to the present embodiment. FIG. 1B is a schematic cross-sectional view taken along the line Ib-Ib of FIG. 1A. FIG. 2 is a schematic view showing a part of a side structure in which an outer panel for a railroad vehicle is used. FIG. 3 is a flowchart of the welding method according to the present embodiment. 4 (a) to 4 (c) are diagrams for explaining a welding method. FIG. 5A is a diagram for explaining a welding method. FIG. 5B is a schematic side view of the reinforcing member. FIG. 6 is a photograph showing a state in which the metal plates are integrated along the butt step S1, the welding step S2, and the polishing step S3. 7 (a) to 7 (c) are diagrams for explaining the welding method in the comparative example. FIG. 8 is a photograph showing a state in which the metal plates are integrated by the welding method in the comparative example.

Hereinafter, a preferred embodiment of the outer plate welding jig and the welding method using the jig according to one aspect of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings. In the following description, the same reference numerals will be used for the same elements or elements having the same function, and duplicate description will be omitted.

First, the structure of the outer plate welding jig according to the present embodiment will be described with reference to FIG. FIG. 1A is a schematic perspective view of the outer plate welding jig according to the present embodiment. FIG. 1B is a schematic cross-sectional view taken along the line Ib-Ib of FIG. 1A. The outer plate welding jig 1 shown in FIGS. 1 (a) and 1 (b) is a backing member used for butt welding a pair of outer plate metal plates 12 and 13 (see FIGS. 2 and 4). Is. The outer plate welding jig 1 includes a plate-shaped main body portion 2 having a bottom surface 3 and a mounting surface 4. The outer plate welding jig 1 is formed, for example, by processing a copper plate. The metal plates 12 and 13 for outer plates shown in FIG. 2 and the like, which will be described later, are made of, for example, stainless steel having a side of several meters and a thickness of about 1.2 mm to 2 mm (for example, SUS301L or SUS304). Each of the metal plates 12 and 13 for the outer plate is not limited to the stainless steel plate, and may be a light alloy plate such as an aluminum alloy plate or a magnesium alloy plate.

The bottom surface 3 is a surface that comes into contact with a mounting table or the like, is a flat surface, and has a substantially rectangular shape. For example, the length of the short side of the bottom surface 3 is about 10 to 500 times the thickness of the outer plate metal plates 12 and 13. In the present embodiment, the length of the short side of the bottom surface 3 is about 200 mm. The length of the long side of the bottom surface 3 is set according to the length of the welded portion W (see FIG. 2) provided on the metal plates 12 and 13 for the outer plate. For example, the length of the long side of the bottom surface 3 is about the same as the length of the welded portions W provided on the outer plate metal plates 12 and 13, or larger than the length of the welded portion W. The flat surface is at least a smooth surface having no steps. Further, the direction in which the short side extends on the bottom surface 3 is the width direction of the main body 2 (hereinafter, simply referred to as the "width direction"), and the direction in which the long side extends on the bottom surface 3 is the length of the main body 2. In the vertical direction (hereinafter, simply referred to as the "length direction"). In addition, the direction orthogonal to the width direction and the length direction is defined as the thickness direction of the main body 2 (hereinafter, simply referred to as the "thickness direction").

The mounting surface 4 is a surface on which a pair of metal plates 12 and 13 for outer plates (see FIGS. 2 and 4) are mounted, and is located on the opposite side of the bottom surface 3. The mounting surface 4 has a first surface 4a on which the butt end 21 (see FIG. 4) of the outer plate metal plate 12 is placed and a butt end 22 (see FIG. 4) of the outer plate metal plate 13. ) Is placed on the second surface 4b. The first surface 4a and the second surface 4b each have a substantially rectangular shape, and are configured to form a mountain. Further, the first surface 4a and the second surface 4b are provided so as to be continuous with each other. More specifically, the first surface 4a and the second surface 4b are continuous with each other along the center line C extending along the longitudinal direction of the bottom surface 3. The first surface 4a and the second surface 4b have shapes that are line-symmetric with respect to the center line C. Therefore, the lengths of the first surface 4a and the second surface 4b in the width direction are half the length of the short side of the bottom surface 3 (that is, 5 times to 250 times the thickness of the outer plate metal plates 12 and 13). About twice).

The first surface 4a is a flat surface and has an inclined surface with respect to the bottom surface 3. Specifically, the first surface 4a is inclined so as to descend from the center of the main body 2 toward the end in the width direction, and the distance between the first surface 4a and the bottom surface 3 in the thickness direction is , The length is gradually shortened from the center of the main body 2 toward the end. The angle θ1 formed by the first surface 4a and the bottom surface 3 (more specifically, the angle θ1 formed by the virtual surface V parallel to the first surface 4a and the bottom surface 3) is, for example, 0.2 ° or more and 1 ° or less. is there. The angle θ1 may be 0.5 ° or more and 0.9 ° or less. The thickness T of the main body 2 at the end of the first surface 4a on the second surface 4b side in the width direction is, for example, about 20 mm. Further, the thickness of the main body portion 2 at the end portion of the first surface 4a opposite to the second surface 4b in the width direction is, for example, about 19 mm. The thickness T of the main body 2 and the thickness of the main body 2 at the end of the first surface 4a can vary depending on the length of the first surface 4a in the width direction.

The second surface 4b is a flat surface and has an inclined surface. Similar to the first surface 4a, the second surface 4b is inclined so as to descend from the center of the main body 2 toward the end in the width direction, and is between the second surface 4b and the bottom surface 3 in the thickness direction. The distance between the two is gradually shortened from the center of the main body 2 toward the end. The angle θ2 formed by the second surface 4b and the bottom surface 3 (more specifically, the angle θ2 formed by the second surface 4b and the virtual surface V) is, for example, 0.2 ° or more and 1 ° or less. The angle θ2 may be 0.5 ° or more and 0.9 ° or less. Further, the thickness of the main body portion 2 at the end portion of the second surface 4b opposite to the first surface 4a in the width direction is, for example, about 19 mm. The thickness of the main body 2 at the end of the second surface 4b can vary depending on the length of the second surface 4b in the width direction.

As described above, the first surface 4a and the second surface 4b are configured to form a mountain, and each has an inclined surface as described above. Therefore, the corner portion 5 formed by the first surface 4a and the second surface 4b projects toward the opposite side of the bottom surface 3. Further, the corner portion 5 exhibits an obtuse angle, and the angle θ of the corner portion 5 is, for example, 178 ° or more and 179.6 ° or less. For each outer plate generated by the outer plate welding jig 1 because the angle θ is 178 ° or more and, for example, the lengths of the first surface 4a and the second surface 4b in the width direction are within the above range. The bending of the metal plate can be easily corrected. Further, when the angle θ is 179.6 ° or less and, for example, the lengths of the first surface 4a and the second surface 4b in the width direction are within the above range, the butt ends of the metal plates for each outer plate are formed. Can be flexed well. The angle θ may be any value as long as it is 178 ° or more and 179.6 ° or less, but it is preferably 178.2 ° or more and 179 ° or less.

Next, an example of an outer plate for a railroad vehicle manufactured by applying a welding method using the outer plate welding jig 1 according to the present embodiment will be described with reference to FIG. FIG. 2 is a schematic view showing a part of a side structure in which an outer panel for a railroad vehicle is used. As shown in FIG. 2, the outer plate 11 is a member forming a part of the side structure of the railway vehicle, and the pair of outer plate metal plates 12 and 13 are welded portions W (details will be described later). It is integrated by. Further, one or a plurality of reinforcing members are attached to the surface of the outer plate 11.

The outer plate metal plate 12 is cut out by, for example, laser cutting or press working. At the center of the outer plate metal plate 12, for example, an opening 14 hollowed out in a substantially rectangular shape is formed. Tempered glass or the like is fitted into the opening 14, and functions as a window of a railway vehicle. In the outer plate metal plate 12, the region below the opening 14 corresponds to the waist 15a, the regions on both the left and right sides of the opening 14 correspond to the blowing portions 15b, and the region above the opening 14 Corresponds to the curtain 15c. Both ends of the curtain portion 15c project in the front-rear direction of the vehicle. This protruding portion has a width of about 400 mm in the vertical direction of the vehicle and corresponds to the butt end portion 21 shown in FIG. 4 described later. The outer plate metal plate 12 may be formed by integrating a plurality of metal plates.

The outer plate metal plate 13 is manufactured in the same manner as the outer plate metal plate 12, and has the same shape. Therefore, the outer plate metal plate 13 has an opening 16, a waist portion 17a, a blowing portion 17b, and a curtain portion 17c. Both ends of the curtain 17c project in the front-rear direction of the vehicle. This protruding portion corresponds to the butt end portion 22 shown in FIG. 4 described later. The outer plate metal plate 13 may be formed by integrating a plurality of metal plates in the same manner as the outer plate metal plate 12.

The welded portion W is a portion in which metal plates 12 and 13 for outer plates, which are base materials, and a filler material such as a welding wire are integrated, and is a portion to be polished. In the present embodiment, the welded portion W is formed by joining an adjacent portion of the curtain portion 15c that protrudes toward the outer plate metal plate 13 side and a portion of the curtain portion 17c that protrudes toward the outer plate metal plate 12 side. There is. The protruding portions of the curtain portions 15 and 17c integrated by the welded portion W form the upper part of the entrance / exit of the entrance / exit opening 18 in the side structure. The doorway opening 18 is a portion to which a door is attached, and its width is, for example, about 1300 mm to 1350 mm.

Next, an example of a welding method in which a pair of metal plates 12 and 13 for outer plates are butt-welded using the outer plate welding jig 1 according to the present embodiment will be described with reference to FIGS. 3 to 5. FIG. 3 is a flowchart of the welding method according to the present embodiment. 4 (a) to 4 (c) and 5 (a) are diagrams for explaining a welding method. FIG. 5B is a schematic side view of the reinforcing member.

First, as shown in FIGS. 3 and 4 (a), the outer plate metal plates 12 and 13 are placed on the mounting surface 4 of the outer plate welding jig 1, thereby forming the outer plate metal. The plates 12 and 13 are butted against each other (butting step S1). In the butt step S1, first, the butt end portion 21 of the outer plate metal plate 12 is placed on the first surface 4a. As a result, the butt end portion 21 bends along the inclination of the first surface 4a. Further, the butt end portion 22 of the outer plate metal plate 13 is placed on the second surface 4b, and the butt ends 21 and 22 are abutted on the corner portion 5. As a result, the butt end portion 22 bends along the inclination of the second surface 4b.

In the butt step S1, the surface 12a of the outer plate metal plate 12 and the surface 13a of the outer plate metal plate 13 are exposed. In other words, the surfaces 12b and 13b (second surface) of the outer plate metal plates 12 and 13 are brought into contact with the outer plate welding jig 1. Further, it is preferable that neither of the butt ends 21 and 22 is placed on the center line C. For example, the butt ends 21 and 22 are placed on the mounting surface 4 with a gap of a predetermined interval (for example, about 1 mm) in the width direction. In the width direction, the distance between the center line C and the butt end portion 21 is preferably the same as or substantially the same as the distance between the center line C and the butt end portion 22. In the butt step S1, after the butt ends 21 and 22 are butted against each other, the outer metal plates 12 and 13 are fixed so as not to move. For example, the metal plates 12 and 13 for the outer plates are sandwiched and fixed by the copper plates placed on the surfaces 12a and 13a and the jig 1 for welding the outer plates.

Next, the butt ends 21 and 22 are butt-welded to each other (welding step S2). In the welding step S2, for example, an arc welding method (specifically, a MIG welding method or a TIG welding method) is carried out. As a result, as shown in FIG. 4B, a welded portion W is formed at the corner portion 5, and the metal plates 12 and 13 for the outer plate are integrated via the welded portion W. In the welding step S2, due to the bending of the butt ends 21 and 22 and the filler material added during welding, the surface 12a of the metal plate 12 for the outer plate and the surface 13a of the metal plate 13 for the outer plate are raised. A protruding portion w1 (also referred to as a weld mark or a bead) is formed on the welded portion W. The protruding portion w1 is formed at the most raised portion of the integrated outer plate metal plates 12 and 13.

Next, the welded portion W is polished (polishing step S3). In the polishing step S3, the protruding portion w1 of the welded portion W is polished from the surface 12a, 13a side in a state where the integrated metal plates 12 and 13 for the outer plate are placed on the outer plate welding jig 1. .. Therefore, the protruding portion w1 is polished from the surfaces 12a and 13a that do not come into contact with the outer plate welding jig 1 in the butt step S1 and the welding step S2. For example, the protrusion w1 is polished using a polishing machine (thunder) or a polishing device such as a polishing belt. At this time, since each of the butt ends 21 and 22 is bent as described above, only the protruding portion w1 can be satisfactorily polished. In particular, the vicinity of the boundary between the outer plate metal plates 12 and 13 in the welded portion W can be polished without performing precise adjustment. By this polishing step S3, as shown in FIG. 4C, the surface 12a of the outer plate metal plate 12 and the surface w2 on which the surface 13a of the outer plate metal plate 13 is substantially free of steps or the like are formed. , Formed on the welded portion W. The polishing step S3 may be performed manually or automatically.

FIG. 6 is a photograph of a state in which the metal plates are actually integrated along the butt step S1, the welding step S2, and the polishing step S3. In FIG. 6, the portion indicated by the broken line is the welded portion. As shown in FIG. 6, each of the pair of metal plates for outer plates is slightly bent. After the polishing step S3, no dents or the like were confirmed around the welded portion. It can be presumed that this is because each of the metal plates for the outer plate was bent, so that the portion other than the protruding portion of the welded portion was not unevenly polished during the polishing step S3.

Returning to FIG. 3, the reinforcing member 31 is attached to the integrated outer plate metal plates 12 and 13 (reinforcing step S4). The reinforcing member 31 has a cross-section hat type, and has a channel portion 32 and flange portions 33 and 34. In the reinforcing step S4, the reinforcing member 31 is attached to the surfaces 12b and 13b of the integrated metal plates 12 and 13 for outer plates. More specifically, the flange portions 33 and 34 of the reinforcing member 31 are attached to the surface 12b of the outer plate metal plate 12 and the surface 13b of the outer plate metal plate 13 at least around the welded portion W. For example, the metal plates 12 and 13 for outer plates and one or more reinforcing members 31 are integrated by spot welding or the like. In the present embodiment, the reinforcing member 31 is attached to the outer plate metal plates 12 and 13 so as to intersect the extending direction of the welded portion W. As a result, the reinforcing member 31 corrects the bent portion in and around the welded portion W, and the surfaces 12a and 13a and the surface w2 of the welded portion W can be made into a substantially continuous flat surface. It is preferable to attach the plurality of reinforcing members 31 because the strength of the outer plate 11 to be formed later is improved and the flatness of the surfaces 12a and 13a and the surface w2 of the welded portion W is improved.

Next, the outer plate 11 is formed (outer plate forming step S5). In the outer plate forming step S5, the outer plate 11 is formed by forming the opening 14 and fitting the glass into the opening 14 on the outer plate metal plates 12 and 13.

In the following, the effects exerted by the welding method using the outer plate welding jig 1 according to the present embodiment will be described in comparison with the method shown in FIG. 7. 7 (a) to 7 (c) are diagrams for explaining the welding method in the comparative example.

As shown in FIGS. 7 (a) to 7 (c), in the comparative example, the backing member 41 having a flat plate shape is used. In the comparative example, using such a backing member 41, the metal plates 12 and 13 for the outer plate are butt-welded by a method according to the butt step S1, the welding step S2, and the polishing step S3 in the present embodiment. And the welded portion W is polished. In this case, as shown in FIG. 7C, dents 51 and 52 may be formed around the welded portion W. These dents 51 and 52 are generated when the end portion of the polishing device comes into contact with the surfaces 12a and 13a of the outer plate metal plates 12 and 13 while the protruding portion w1 of the welded portion W is being polished. FIG. 8 is a photograph of a state in which the metal plates are integrated by the welding method in the comparative example. In FIG. 8, the portion indicated by the broken line is the welded portion. As shown in FIG. 8, a dent was formed around the welded portion in the integrated metal plate for the outer plate.

On the other hand, according to the outer plate welding jig 1 according to the present embodiment, the first surface 4a and the second surface of the mounting surface 4 on which the pair of outer plate metal plates 12 and 13 are mounted. The 4b is configured to form a mountain, and the corner portion 5 formed by the first surface 4a and the second surface 4b exhibits an obtuse angle. When such an outer plate welding jig 1 is used, the butt ends 21 and 22 of the pair of outer plate metal plates 12 and 13 are placed on the mounting surface 4 of the outer plate welding jig 1, respectively. At this time, the butt ends 21 and 22 can be bent. Then, the portion actually welded at the butt ends 21 and 22 can be the most raised portion of the outer plate metal plates 12 and 13. As a result, after the outer plate metal plates 12 and 13 are butt-welded using the outer plate welding jig 1, the corner portion 5 which is the most raised portion of the integrated outer plate metal plates 12 and 13 is formed. The welded portion W can be formed. In this case, it becomes easy to polish only the protruding portion w1 of the welded portion W with a polishing device or the like, and the welding mark can be satisfactorily removed. In addition, since the polishing apparatus is less likely to come into contact with the outer plate metal plates 12 and 13 other than the welded portion W, it is less likely that a dent or the like is formed on the surface of the outer plate 11. Therefore, by performing butt welding using the outer plate welding jig 1, it is possible to satisfactorily remove the welding marks while suppressing the appearance of the outer plate 11 from being spoiled.

In addition, the outer plate welding jig 1 can be used to polish the vicinity of the boundary between the outer plate metal plates 12 and 13 in the welded portion W without performing precise adjustment. As a result, workability in butt welding can be improved.

The angle θ is 178 ° or more and 179.6 ° or less. Since the angle θ is 178 ° or more, the bending of the welded portion W and its surroundings on the outer plate 11 can be easily corrected. Thereby, the flat plate-shaped outer plate 11 can be formed satisfactorily. Further, since the angle θ is 179.6 ° or less, the butt ends 21 and 22 can be bent, and only the welded portion W can be reliably polished by a polishing device or the like.

Further, the main body 2 has a bottom surface 3 located on the opposite side of the mounting surface 4, and each of the first surface 4a and the second surface 4b has an inclined surface with respect to the bottom surface 3. The angle θ1 formed by the first surface 4a and the bottom surface 3 and the angle θ2 formed by the second surface 4b and the bottom surface 3 are 0.2 ° or more and 1 ° or less, respectively. Therefore, since the butt ends 21 and 22 of the outer metal plates 12 and 13 can be bent, the amount of deformation of the butt ends 21 and 22 can be leveled. Thereby, the bending of the butt ends 21 and 22 can be easily corrected.

Further, each of the angle θ1 and the angle θ2 may be 0.5 ° or more and 0.9 ° or less. In this case, the bending of the welded portion W and its surroundings in the outer plate 11 can be more easily corrected, and only the welded portion W can be more reliably polished by a polishing device or the like.

Further, the first surface 4a and the second surface 4b have a shape that is continuous with each other along the center line C and is line-symmetrical with respect to the center line C. Therefore, the amount of deformation between the butt ends 21 and 22 can be leveled.

Further, in the polishing step S3, the welded portion W is polished with the integrated metal plates 12 and 13 for the outer plate placed on the outer plate welding jig 1. Therefore, during the polishing step S3, the correction of the bending of the integrated metal plates 12 and 13 for the outer plate is hindered by the outer plate welding jig 1. As a result, only the welded portion W can be satisfactorily polished during the polishing step S3.

Further, the welding method includes a reinforcing step S4 in which the reinforcing member 31 is attached to the surfaces 12b, 13b of the integrated metal plates 12 and 13 for outer plates after the polishing step S3. Therefore, it is possible to provide the reinforced flat plate-shaped outer plate 11.

The jig for welding the outer plate according to the present invention and the welding method using the jig are not limited to the above-described embodiment. For example, in the above embodiment, both the first surface 4a and the second surface 4b form an inclined surface with respect to the bottom surface 3, but the present invention is not limited to this. For example, only one of the first surface 4a and the second surface 4b may form an inclined surface with respect to the bottom surface 3. Even in this case, since the corner portion 5 is formed by the first surface 4a and the second surface 4b, the same effect as that of the above embodiment can be obtained. Therefore, in the present invention, even if only one of the first surface 4a and the second surface 4b forms an inclined surface with respect to the bottom surface 3, the first surface 4a and the second surface 4b are configured to form a mountain. You may interpret it.

Further, in the above embodiment, the first surface 4a and the second surface 4b are line-symmetrical with respect to the center line C, but the present invention is not limited to this. For example, when the first surface 4a and the second surface 4b are continuous with each other along a predetermined straight line, the first surface 4a and the second surface 4b exhibit a shape that is axisymmetric with respect to the straight line. May be good. Alternatively, the first surface 4a and the second surface 4b may or may not be line symmetric with respect to any line other than the center line C. In addition, the first surface 4a and the second surface 4b do not necessarily have to be continuous with each other.

Further, in the above embodiment, a member having a cross-section hat type is used as the reinforcing member 31, but the present invention is not limited to this. For example, the reinforcing member may have a plate shape. Further, a reinforcing member along the extending direction of the welded portion W may be attached to the surface of the outer plate.

1 ... External plate welding jig, 2 ... Main body, 3 ... Bottom surface, 4 ... Mounting surface, 4a ... 1st surface, 4b ... 2nd surface, 5 ... Corner, 11 ... Outer plate, 12, 13 ... Metal plate for outer plate, 12a, 13a ... surface, 12b, 13b ... surface, 21,22 ... butt end, 31 ... reinforcing member, 41 ... backing member, 51, 52 ... dent, V ... virtual surface, W ... Welded part, w1 ... protruding part, w2 ... surface, θ, θ1, θ2 ... angle.

Claims (4)

A jig for welding outer plates, which is a backing member used when a pair of metal plates for outer plates are butt-welded, and has a plate-like main body having a mounting surface on which a pair of metal plates for outer plates are placed. The above-mentioned mounting surface is provided with a first surface on which a butt end portion of one of the outer plate metal plates is placed and a butt end portion of the other outer plate metal plate. The first surface and the second surface are configured to form a mountain, and the corner portion formed by the first surface and the second surface exhibits a blunt angle. A welding method in which a pair of metal plates for outer plates are butt-welded using the outer plate welding jig.
The butt end portion of one of the outer plate metal plates is placed on the first surface, and the butt end portion of the other outer plate metal plate is placed on the second surface. The butt process of butt-butting the ends and the butt process
A welding step of integrating the pair of metal plates for outer plates through the welded portions formed at the corners by welding the butt ends to each other.
In the integrated metal plate for outer plate, a protruding portion that is included in the welded portion from the first surface side that is not in contact with the outer plate welding jig in the welding step and protrudes from the first surface is provided. The polishing process to polish and
With
In the polishing step, the protruding portion is polished with the integrated metal plate for the outer plate placed on the outer plate welding jig.
Welding method. After the polishing step, further comprising an integrated reinforcement attaching a reinforcing member on the opposite side of the second surface and the first surface of the outer leaf metal plate, welding method of claim 1. It is a method of manufacturing an outer plate for a railroad vehicle using an outer plate welding jig which is a backing member used when a pair of metal plates for outer plates are butt-welded, and the outer plate welding jig is a pair. It is provided with a plate-shaped main body portion having a mounting surface on which the metal plate for the outer plate of the above-mentioned plate is placed, and the previously described mounting surface is the first on which the butt end portion of the metal plate for the outer plate is mounted. It has one surface and a second surface on which the butt end portion of the other metal plate for the outer plate is placed, and the first surface and the second surface are configured to form a mountain. , The corner formed by the first surface and the second surface has a blunt angle.
The butt end portion of one of the outer plate metal plates is placed on the first surface, and the butt end portion of the other outer plate metal plate is placed on the second surface. The butt process of butt-butting the ends and the butt process
A welding step of integrating the pair of metal plates for outer plates through the welded portions formed at the corners by welding the butt ends to each other.
In the integrated metal plate for outer plate, a protruding portion that is included in the welded portion from the first surface side that is not in contact with the outer plate welding jig in the welding step and protrudes from the first surface is provided. The polishing process to polish and
With
In the polishing step, the protruding portion is polished with the integrated metal plate for the outer plate placed on the outer plate welding jig.
Production method. The manufacturing method according to claim 3, further comprising a reinforcing step of attaching a reinforcing member to a second surface opposite to the first surface of the integrated metal plate for an outer plate after the polishing step.

Images