JP2019004790A - Harvesting machine - Google Patents

Abstract

To provide a harvesting machine capable of highly accurately detecting a yield of grains discharged from a grain conveyance device to the inside of a grain tank.SOLUTION: The harvesting machine includes: a thresher 6; a grain tank 7 for storing grains collected by the thresher 6; a grain conveyance device 10 for conveying grains from the thresher 6 to the grain tank 7 and discharging the grains to the inside of the grain tank 7; and a detection part 20 provided at a discharge port of the grain conveyance device 10 and detecting a yield by pressure based on an amount of grains passing through the grain conveyance device 10. The detection part 20 is supported by the grain tank 7.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 3

Description

  The present invention relates to a threshing apparatus, a grain tank that stores grains recovered by the threshing apparatus, and a grain that conveys the grain from the threshing apparatus to the grain tank and discharges the grain to the inside of the grain tank. The present invention relates to a harvesting machine including a transport device and a detection unit that detects a yield by pressure based on the amount of the grain passing through the grain transport device.

  A discharge port for discharging the grain sent from the threshing device by the screw conveyor to the grain tank (in the literature, “grain release port”) is provided in the upper part of the grain tank, and the grain discharged from the discharge port A combine whose amount is detected by a detection unit (in the literature, “throwing sensor”) is disclosed in Patent Document 1. The detection part is provided in the state supported by the ceiling of the grain tank in the position away from the discharge outlet.

Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2017-0777204

  In the case where the kernel is diffused and released from the discharge port, the detection unit can detect only a part of the kernel that is diffused and released in the configuration in which the detection unit is provided at a position away from the discharge port. For this reason, for example, when deviation occurs in the diffusion direction due to the amount of released grains, the accuracy of yield detection may be reduced. Accordingly, the applicant of the present application disclosed in Japanese Patent Application No. 2015-254614 a combine in which a discharge portion (“discharge case” in the literature) in which a discharge port is formed is provided with a detection unit (“load detector” in the literature). Has proposed. Thereby, the detection part can detect the grain sent to the grain tank from the threshing device uniformly.

  A load cell is generally used for yield detection. However, in the above proposal, vibration caused by rotation of the rotary blade is transmitted as noise to the load cell through the discharge case. For this reason, the load cell could not detect the grain load accurately, and improvement in detection accuracy was hindered.

  In view of the above circumstances, there is a demand for a harvesting machine that can accurately detect the yield of the grain discharged from the grain conveying device into the grain tank.

The present invention
A threshing device;
A grain tank for storing the grains recovered by the threshing device;
A grain transport device for transporting the grain from the threshing device to the grain tank, and discharging the grain into the kernel tank;
A detection unit that is provided at a discharge port of the grain conveying device and detects a yield by pressure based on an amount of the grain passing through the grain conveying device; and
The detection unit is supported by the grain tank.

  According to the present invention, since the detection unit is supported by the grain tank, the detection unit can be separated from the grain transport device even if the detection unit is provided at the discharge port. Thereby, it becomes difficult for the vibration of the grain conveying device to be transmitted to the detection unit, and the detection accuracy of the yield in the detection unit is improved. As a result, the yield of the grain discharged from the grain conveying device into the grain tank can be detected with high accuracy.

In the present invention,
A lateral conveyance unit extending from the wall of the grain tank to the inside of the grain tank is provided at the conveyance direction end of the grain conveyance device,
The discharge port is formed in an outer peripheral portion of the lateral conveyance unit,
The detection unit is preferably supported by a support frame provided on a wall of the grain tank.

  In this structure, the detection part can be provided in the position away from the wall part of the grain tank by making good use of the wall part and the support frame of the grain tank. Thereby, even if the discharge port is formed at a position away from the wall portion of the grain tank, the detection unit can be provided at the discharge port while being separated from the grain transport device.

In the present invention,
Rotating blades are provided in the horizontal conveying unit,
It is preferable that the position of the detection unit with respect to the rotary blade is adjustable.

  With this configuration, since the separation distance between the rotary blade and the detection unit can be adjusted, the pressing force of the grain in the detection unit can be adjusted. In addition, since the gap interval between the horizontal conveyance unit and the detection unit can also be adjusted, it is possible to prevent grains from being caught in the gap between the horizontal conveyance unit and the detection unit by adjusting the gap interval according to the type of grain. .

In the present invention,
It is preferable that the position of the support frame is changed with respect to the wall of the grain tank so that the position of the detection unit with respect to the rotary blade can be adjusted.

  If it is this structure, the position of the detection part with respect to a rotary blade can be easily adjusted with the simple mechanism which only moves a support frame.

In the present invention,
It is preferable that the position of the detection unit with respect to the rotating blades can be adjusted by changing the position of the detection unit with respect to the support frame.

  If it is this structure, the position of the detection part with respect to a rotary blade can be easily adjusted with the simple mechanism which only moves a detection part with respect to a support frame.

In the present invention,
It is preferable that the width of the detection unit in the horizontal direction of the airframe is formed wider than the width of the rotary blade in the horizontal direction of the airframe.

  With this configuration, the grains pushed out by the rotating blades are widely received by the detection unit. Thereby, a detection part can detect a grain uniformly.

In the present invention,
It is preferable that the support frame extends over opposing side walls in the grain tank.

  With this configuration, since the support frame is supported at both ends by the grain tank, the support frame is less likely to vibrate, and thus the vibration of the grain transport device is more difficult to be transmitted to the detection unit.

In the present invention,
It is preferable that the width of the detection unit in the lateral direction of the airframe extends across both ends of the discharge port in the lateral direction of the airframe.

  With this configuration, the grains discharged from the discharge port are widely received by the detection unit. Thereby, a detection part can detect a grain uniformly.

It is a right view of a combine. It is a top view of a combine. It is a combine rear view which shows a grain conveying apparatus and a grain tank. It is a rear view which shows the detection part supported by the support frame. It is a perspective view which shows the detection part supported by the support frame. It is a vertical side view which shows the detection part supported by the support frame. It is a rear view which shows the attaching part of a support frame. It is a top view which shows another embodiment of a grain discharge | release apparatus and a detection part. It is a side view which shows another embodiment of a grain discharge | release apparatus and a detection part.

[Basic configuration of harvester]
An embodiment of a harvester according to the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.
In the present embodiment, the left side or the right side in the aircraft lateral width direction defines the left and right in the state toward the aircraft traveling direction.

  1 and 2 show an ordinary combine that is an example of a harvesting machine. A body frame 1 in which a plurality of steel materials are connected is provided in a harvesting machine, and a pair of left and right crawler travel devices 2 are provided in the lower part of the body frame 1. An engine E is mounted on the front right portion of the machine body frame 1, and a driving cabin 3 is provided above the engine E. A cutting part 4 is mounted in front of the body frame 1 so as to be movable up and down. In the rear part of the machine body frame 1, a threshing device 6 for threshing all the harvested cereals supplied from the reaping unit 4 by the conveying feeder 5 and threshing the grain threshed by the threshing device 6. Are mounted side by side in the left-right direction. Moreover, the grain stored in the grain tank 7 is discharged to the outside by the unloader 8 mounted adjacent to the grain tank 7.

[Kernel transport device]
As shown in FIG. 3, the threshing device 6 and the grain tank 7 are connected by a grain conveying device 10. Of the grain conveying device 10, the first thing conveying screw 10 </ b> A provided at the bottom of the threshing device 6, the lifting conveyor 10 </ b> B disposed between the threshing device 6 and the grain tank 7, and the grain tank 7. And a horizontal conveyance unit 11 penetrating the front upper portion of the left side wall 7a. The lifting conveyor 10B is a bucket conveyor, and an endless rotating chain 10E is wound around the sprocket 10D and extends at both ends in the conveying direction of the lifting conveyor 10B. It is provided at regular intervals. The grain recovered at the bottom of the threshing device 6 is discharged to the right side outward of the threshing device 6 by the first object conveying screw 10A, and then conveyed upward of the grain tank 7 by the lifting conveyor 10B. Then, it is transported from the outside of the grain tank 7 to the inside by the lateral transport unit 11.

  As shown in FIGS. 3 and 4, the lateral conveyance unit 11 is provided with a lateral feed screw 12, a plate-like rotary blade 13, and a discharge case 14 that covers the periphery of the rotary blade 13. . A rotating shaft 12a extends from the transverse feed screw 12 toward the end of the conveying direction, and the rotating shaft 12a rotates integrally with the transverse feed screw 12. The rotating blade 13 extends in one direction from the rotating shaft 12a, and the rotating blade 13 rotates around the axis P of the rotating shaft 12a. A discharge port 14a is formed in a C-shape when viewed from the side of the machine body at the rear side of the machine body of the discharge case 14, that is, the portion indicated by the one-dot chain line in FIG. In the axial direction of the rotary blade 13, the width of the discharge port 14 a is set larger than the width of the rotary blade 13. The rotary blade 13 rotates in the direction indicated by the arrow R, and the grain fed to the discharge case 14 is pushed out from the discharge port 14 a into the grain tank 7 by the rotary blade 13.

  The protrusion 15 is provided so as to extend from the rotary shaft 12a to the opposite side of the rotary blade 13. The rotation of the protrusion 15 is detected by a rotation sensor (not shown), a rotation pulse is generated at the timing when the protrusion 15 passes the rotation sensor, and one rotation is counted.

〔Detection unit〕
As shown in FIGS. 4 to 6, a detection unit 20 is provided that measures the amount of grain released in a state adjacent to the discharge port 14 a. The detection unit 20 is supported by the support frame 30, and the support frame 30 extends over the left side wall 7 a and the right side wall 7 b of the wall part of the grain tank 7. The detection unit 20 is provided with a detection plate 21 and a load cell 22 via a spacer 23. As shown in FIG. 5, one end 22 </ b> A of the load cell 22 is supported by the support frame 30 via a spacer 24. A detection plate 21 is attached above the other end 22B of the load cell 22 via a spacer 23.

  The detection plate 21 is formed in a flat plate shape, and is inclined backward and upward along the tangential direction of the rotary blade 13 in a state where the tip of the rotary blade 13 is closest to the detection plate 21. The left and right width of the detection plate 21 extends over the left and right width of the discharge port 14 a, and the detection plate 21 is formed so that the left and right width of the detection plate 21 is wider than the left and right width of the rotary blade 13. Thereby, all the grains discharged over the entire width of the discharge port 14a are pressed against the detection plate 21, and the detection unit 20 universally discharges the grains discharged from the grain transport device 10. Can be detected without any problem. Further, since the detection plate 21 is inclined rearward, the grain pressed against the detection plate 21 is skipped to the rear part of the grain tank 7.

  As shown in FIG. 6, a screw hole 22 a that opens downward is formed at one end 22 </ b> A of the load cell 22. The bolt is inserted through the long hole 31 c formed in the support frame 30, passes through the insertion hole 24 a formed in the spacer 24, and is bolted to the screw hole 22 a. As a result, the one end 22 </ b> A of the load cell 22 is cantilevered by the support frame 30 via the spacer 24.

  Although illustration is omitted, a screw hole that opens upward is also formed in the other end 22B of the load cell 22, and a bolt insertion hole corresponding to this is formed in the detection plate 21 and the spacer 23. The bolt is inserted through the insertion hole formed in the detection plate 21, passes through the insertion hole formed in the spacer 23, and is bolted to the other end 22 </ b> B of the load cell 22.

  As described above, the load cell 22 is cantilevered by the support frame 30 and the spacers 23 and 24 are provided so as to be vertically and horizontally symmetrical with respect to the load cell 22. It becomes easy to concentrate. That is, when the load cell 22 receives a load from the detection plate 21, a moment load is applied to the other end portion 22B, and distortion occurs in the center portion 22C.

  An electrical signal is generated from the load cell 22 due to distortion occurring in the central portion 22C of the load cell 22. This electric signal is used as a detection signal for evaluating the yield of the grain, and the electric signal is represented by, for example, a voltage value or a current value. As the amount of released grain sent from the grain conveying device 10 increases, the pressing force of the grain against the detection plate 21 increases, and the detection signal of the load cell 22 also increases.

  With the configuration in which the detection plate 21 and the discharge port 14a are adjacent to each other, the detection unit 20 can easily detect the grains discharged from the discharge port 14a, so that the yield detection accuracy is improved. However, when the rotating blade 13 rotates, a centrifugal force is applied to the rotating blade 13 and the protrusion 15, so that the rotational center of gravity is located at a position where the resultant force of the centrifugal force of the rotating blade 13 and the centrifugal force of the protrusion 15 is balanced. Is biased, and vibration due to the rotation of the rotary blade 13 is generated. For example, when the detection plate 21 is directly attached to the discharge case 14, the rotational vibration of the rotary blade 13 is transmitted to the detection plate 21 via the discharge case 14 and also to the load cell 22. For this reason, the rotational vibration of the rotary blade 13 is detected by the detection unit 20 as noise, and improvement in the accuracy of yield detection is hindered. The support frame 30 for solving this problem will be described below.

[Support frame]
As shown in FIGS. 4 to 6, the detection unit 20 is provided at the discharge port 14 a in a state of being separated from the lateral conveyance unit 11, and the detection unit 20 is supported by the support frame 30. Of the wall portion of the grain tank 7, wall portion frames 71, 71 are provided horizontally on the left and right side walls 7 a, 7 b along the longitudinal direction of the machine body. The support frame 30 is formed of, for example, a combination of angle steels, and includes a support member 31 that extends across the left and right ends of the grain tank 7 and a pair of left and right mounting members 32 that are welded and fixed to the left and right ends of the support member 31. The mounting frame 32 is bolted to the left and right wall frames 71, 71, whereby the support frame 30 is supported at both ends by the grain tank 7.

  As shown in FIG. 6, the support member 31 is formed in an L shape in a sectional view. In a state where the support frame 30 is attached to the grain tank 7, the support member 31 has a V shape inverted upside down in a side view of the machine body, a rear upper inclined portion 31a inclined rearwardly upward, and inclined rearwardly downward. And a rear lower inclined portion 31b. Since the rear upper inclined portion 31 a supports the detection unit 20, the rear upper inclined portion 31 a is formed wider than the lower surface of the spacer 24 in the front-rear width. Folded plate portions 31d and 31d are formed on the left and right ends of the rear upper inclined portion 31a. The folded plate portions 31d and 31d are bent with respect to the rear upper inclined portion 31a and are formed in a flat plate shape parallel to the left and right side walls 7a and 7b. The left and right folded plate portions 31d and 31d and the side portions 32b and 32b formed on the left and right attachment members 32 and 32 are fixed by welding, respectively.

  As shown in FIGS. 4 and 6, in the rear upper inclined portion 31 a, elongated holes 31 c and 31 c along the front-rear direction are arranged side by side at positions corresponding to the base end side of the cantilever support of the load cell 22. It is formed in a state. The detection unit 20 is bolted to the support member 31 by inserting two bolts into the respective long holes 31c and 31c and fastening them.

  As described above, the detection unit 20 is supported by the support frame 30 and separated from the lateral conveyance unit 11, so that the detection plate 21 and the discharge port 14 a are adjacent to each other so that the grains discharged from the discharge port 14 a can be obtained. The detection unit 20 can easily detect the pressing force, and vibration due to the rotation of the rotary blade 13 is not easily transmitted to the detection unit 20.

  The detection unit 20 is configured to be slidable on the support member 31 along the long hole 31c in a state where the bolt for joining the detection unit 20 and the support member 31 is not fastened. Here, the upper rear inclined portion 31 a of the support member 31 is inclined so as to be parallel to the inclination angle of the detection plate 21 in response to the inclination of the detection plate 21 of the detection unit 20 upward and backward. From this, the long hole 31 c is along the tangential direction of the rotary blade 13 in a state where the tip of the rotary blade 13 is closest to the detection plate 21. For this reason, the position of the detection unit 20 with respect to the support frame 30 can be changed along the tangential direction of the rotary blade 13. Thus, it is comprised so that the position of the detection part 20 with respect to the rotary blade 13 can be adjusted. In addition, the gap interval between the front lower end of the detection plate 21 and the lower end of the discharge case 14 can be adjusted along the tangential direction of the rotary blade 13. The gap interval can be changed as appropriate. For example, it is desirable that the gap interval is about 8.5 mm as a gap that does not sandwich the grain.

  As shown in FIGS. 4 to 7, the pair of left and right mounting members 32, 32 are formed in an L-shaped cross section, and the mounting member 32, 32 is placed horizontally on the wall frames 71, 71. The attachment member 32 has a lower portion 32 a that comes into contact with the wall portion frame 71, and a side portion 32 b that is welded and fixed to the folded plate portion 31 d of the support member 31. In the lower portion 32a, elongated holes 32c and 32c are formed in the state in which the attachment member 32 is aligned in the longitudinal direction of the body. The wall frame 71 is formed with mounting holes 71a and 71a for inserting bolts, and the mounting holes 71a and 71a engage with the long holes 32c and 32c.

  The long holes 32c, 32c, 32c, 32c formed in the pair of left and right mounting members 32, 32 are engaged with the mounting holes 71a, 71a, 71a, 71a formed in the left and right wall frames 71, 71. When the bolt is inserted and fastened in this state, the support frame 30 is bolted to the left and right wall frames 71 and 71.

  The pair of left and right mounting members 32, 32 are placed on the left and right wall frames 71, 71 in a state where the bolts joining the left and right mounting members 32, 32 and the left and right wall frames 71, 71 are not fastened. It is configured to be slidable along the long hole 32c. Therefore, the position of the support frame 30 with respect to the left and right side walls 7a and 7b of the grain tank 7 can be changed. From this, the separation distance between the rotary blade 13 and the detection plate 21 can be adjusted along the horizontal direction, and the pressing force of the grains against the detection plate 21 can be adjusted. Moreover, the clearance gap between the front lower end of the detection plate 21 and the lower end of the discharge case 14 can be adjusted along the horizontal direction.

[Another embodiment]
The present invention is not limited to the configuration exemplified in the above-described embodiment, and a typical alternative embodiment of the present invention will be exemplified below.

(1) The support structure of the detection unit 20 is not limited to the above-described embodiment. For example, the detection unit 20 may be supported by a frame member that extends upward from the bottom of the grain tank 7 or a frame member that extends downward from the top of the grain tank 7. Moreover, the structure where the detection part 20 is supported by the frame member over the up-down direction of the grain tank 7, or the front-back direction may be sufficient.

(2) The positional relationship between the discharge port 14a and the detection unit 20 is not limited to the above-described embodiment. For example, as shown in FIGS. 8 and 9, the discharge port 102 above the screw conveyor 101 that rotates in the direction of arrow R in a state where the detection unit 104 is supported by the wall 100 of the grain tank. The structure provided in may be sufficient. In this case, a rotary blade 103 that rotates integrally with the screw conveyor 101 is provided at the upper end of the screw conveyor 101 that vertically conveys the grain from the bottom of the threshing device, and the rotary blade 103 is located in the wall portion 100 of the grain tank. A discharge port 102 is formed at an opening to be opened. The detection unit 104 includes a detection plate 105, a load cell 106, a support bracket 107 that supports the detection plate 105 and the load cell 106, and a mounting bracket 108 that attaches the detection unit 104 to the wall 100 of the grain tank. . In this case, the grain is bounced off from the discharge port 102 by the rotary blade 103 and pressed against the detection plate 105, and the load cell 106 detects the pressing force applied to the detection plate 105. The support bracket 107 is configured to be swingable with the mounting bracket 108 as a swing fulcrum, and by adjusting the swing angle of the support bracket 107, the position of the detection unit 104 with respect to the rotating blade 103 can be adjusted. It may be configured as follows.

(3) In the above-described embodiment, the discharge port 14a is formed in the outer peripheral portion of the lateral conveyance unit 11, but is not limited to this embodiment. For example, the discharge port 14a that opens in the axial direction of the lateral feed screw 12 may be formed at the end in the transport direction of the lateral transport unit 11, and the grain may be ejected in the lateral direction of the machine body. In this case, the detection unit 20 may be configured to face the discharge port 14 a along the axial direction of the lateral feed screw 12.

(4) In the embodiment described above, the detection plate 21 is formed in a flat plate shape, but is not limited to this embodiment. For example, the detection plate 21 may be formed in a curved shape so as to be inclined upward as it approaches the rear end. With such a shape, the amount of the grain that is jumped to the rear of the grain tank 7 increases.

(5) In the above-described embodiment, the detection unit 20 includes the detection plate 21 and the load cell 22 via the spacer 23, but the detection unit 20 detects the grain yield only by the load cell 22. Such a configuration may be adopted. Moreover, the structure which the yield of a grain is detected with a strain gauge sensor instead of the load cell 22 may be sufficient.

(6) In the above-described embodiment, the left and right attachment members 32, 32 slide along the left and right wall frames 71, 71, whereby the support frame 30 is movable in the front-rear direction. It is not limited to this embodiment. For example, the structure which can adjust the position of the support frame 30 to an up-down direction by inserting a spacer between the attachment member 32 and the wall part frame 71 may be sufficient. Moreover, the structure which can be slid to the orthogonal | vertical direction with respect to the right-and-left side walls 7a and 7b of the grain tank 7 may be sufficient.

(7) In the embodiment described above, the support frame 30 is configured by a combination of angle steels, but the support frame 30 may be a T-shaped steel, a grooved steel, or the like. The support frame 30 may be made of a combination of stainless steel, an integrally molded plastic, or the like.

  The present invention can be applied to not only ordinary combine harvesters but also general harvesters that harvest grains such as self-removing combine harvesters.

6: Threshing device 7: Grain tank 10: Grain transport device 11: Horizontal transport unit 12: Horizontal feed screw 13: Rotary blade 14: Discharge case 14a: Discharge port 15: Protrusion 20: Detection unit 21: Detection plate 22 : Load cell 30: Support frame 31: Support part 32: Mounting part

Claims (8)

A threshing device;
A grain tank for storing the grains recovered by the threshing device;
A grain transport device for transporting the grain from the threshing device to the grain tank, and discharging the grain into the kernel tank;
A detection unit that is provided at a discharge port of the grain conveying device and detects a yield by pressure based on an amount of the grain passing through the grain conveying device; and
The detection unit is a harvester supported by the grain tank. A lateral conveyance unit extending from the wall of the grain tank to the inside of the grain tank is provided at the conveyance direction end of the grain conveyance device,
The discharge port is formed in an outer peripheral portion of the lateral conveyance unit,
The harvesting machine according to claim 1, wherein the detection unit is supported by a support frame provided on a wall of the grain tank. Rotating blades are provided in the horizontal conveying unit,
The harvester according to claim 2, wherein the position of the detection unit with respect to the rotary blade is adjustable.   The harvesting machine according to claim 3, wherein the position of the support frame with respect to the wall of the grain tank is changed so that the position of the detection unit with respect to the rotary blade can be adjusted.   The harvesting machine according to claim 3 or 4, wherein the position of the detection unit with respect to the rotary blade is adjustable by changing the position of the detection unit with respect to the support frame.   The harvesting machine according to any one of claims 3 to 5, wherein a width of the detection unit in a horizontal direction of the machine body is formed wider than a width of the rotary blade in a horizontal direction of the machine body.   The harvester according to any one of claims 2 to 6, wherein the support frame extends across opposing side walls in the grain tank.   The harvesting machine according to any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein a width of the detection unit in a horizontal direction of the airframe extends across both ends of the discharge port in the horizontal direction of the airframe.

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