JP2018536806A - Blades that efficiently use low-speed fluids and their applications - Google Patents

Abstract

A blade that efficiently utilizes a low-speed fluid comprising a main wing member (A2, D2, K2) having a streamlined cross-section with an outer contour exhibiting a first airfoil, the blade further comprising a tip wing member (C1), The tip wing member is sheet-like, and the cross section of the tip wing member is an arch type having a convex surface on one side and a concave surface on the other side, the tip wing member is installed obliquely above the leading edge of the main wing member, and the concave surface of the tip wing member Is directed to the main wing member, and has a first ventilation space (T1) between the tip wing member and the main wing member. By improving the blade member structure of the blade, the Cp value of the blade can be significantly larger than that of the single blade blade under an average wind speed of 2-13 m / s, and the blade performance can be ensured. Alternatively, the original blade airfoil molding can be converted into sheet-like member molding, thus decentralizing the production mold and reducing the size, processing difficulty and cost of the mold and thereby the blade Manufacturing costs can be significantly reduced, specifically by 20-50%.

Description

<Related applications>
The present invention application is filed on Dec. 10, 2015 with the application number 201510907767.3, the priority of the Chinese patent application whose name is “blade using low-speed fluid efficiently and its manufacturing method”, and Claimed the priority of the Chinese patent application whose application number filed on September 22, 2016 is 20161084252522.5 and whose name is “blade using low-speed fluid efficiently and its manufacturing method”. Is hereby incorporated by reference.

  The present invention relates to a blade in a fluid power device, and more particularly to a blade that efficiently uses a low-speed fluid and its application.

  According to the applicant, the wind energy utilization rate of the blade (denoted as Cp, also referred to as wind energy utilization efficiency) is its most important performance parameter, which is generated when air flows through the blade. Although related to the lift / resistance ratio (lift-drag ratio), the lift-drag ratio is determined by the shape of the airfoil streamline, so the Cp performance of the blade is determined by the shape of the airfoil it constitutes. Increasing the blade Cp is the most fundamental of the high performance wind power technologies.

  Currently, the blades of lift-type wind power generation products seen in the market are all composed of single blades, and the problem with single blades is that they have poor low wind speed performance, and there are problems with thrust type (also called resistance type) blades. Is that Cp is low. Improving the low wind speed performance of a wind turbine is one of the main factors that reduce wind power generation costs.

  In view of this, the blades of conventional wind power generation products can improve the efficiency of wind energy utilization at low wind speeds against the problem of poor performance at low wind speeds, and at the same time provide blades with a high price-performance ratio Furthermore, there is a need to provide applications for the blades in fluid power systems.

  The above object is achieved by the following technical solutions.

  A blade that efficiently uses a low-speed fluid including a main wing member having a streamlined cross section with an outer contour exhibiting a first airfoil, the blade further including a tip wing member, and the tip wing member is in a sheet form The cross section of the tip wing member is an arch type with a convex surface on one side and a concave surface on the other side, the tip wing member is installed obliquely above the leading edge of the main wing member, and the concave surface of the tip wing member faces the main wing member. The first ventilation space is provided between the tip wing member and the main wing member.

  In one embodiment, a convex surface of the tip wing member, a part of the upper contour of the main wing member, a rear edge point and an outer contour surrounded by a lower contour exhibit a second airfoil, and the front edge point of the second airfoil Is located at the convex contour of the tip wing member.

  In one embodiment, a gap between one end of the tip wing member near the main wing member lower contour and the main wing member is an inlet of the first ventilation space, and one end of the tip wing member near the main wing member upper contour and the main wing member Is the exhaust port of the first ventilation space, and the width of the intake port of the first ventilation space is larger than the width of the exhaust port.

  In one embodiment, the exhaust direction of the exhaust port of the first ventilation space is along the tangential direction of the position corresponding to the main wing member upper contour.

  In one embodiment, the main wing member comprises at least one central wing member and one end wing member, the central wing member being located between the tip wing member and the end wing member, and adjacent to the central wing member. A second ventilation space that communicates the second airfoil upper contour and the lower contour, respectively, and an opening near the second airfoil lower contour of the second airflow space. The air inlet of the second air space is an air outlet of the second airfoil, and the width of the air inlet of the second air space is larger than the width of the air outlet. large.

  In one embodiment, the exhaust direction of the exhaust port of the second ventilation space is along the tangential direction of the position corresponding to the upper contour of the adjacent central blade member or terminal blade member.

  In one embodiment, at least one of the central wing members has a sheet-like member, and at least some of the sheet-like members are installed along the upper contour of the second airfoil.

  In one embodiment, the central wing member includes a first sheet-like member, and the cross-section of the first sheet-like member is an arch shape having a convex surface on one side and a concave surface on the other side, and an arch shape of the first sheet-shaped member. The convex surface approaches the tip wing member, one end of the first sheet-like member approaches the lower contour of the second wing shape, and the other end is positioned on the upper contour of the second wing shape.

  In one embodiment, the central wing member further includes a second sheet-like member, and one end of the second sheet-like member is connected to one end of the first sheet-like member near the second wing-shaped lower contour, The member includes a lower portion disposed along the lower profile of the second airfoil.

  In one embodiment, a lower portion of the second sheet-like member extends toward the tip wing member, and there are at least two central wing members, and at least two of the central wing members are a tip wing member and a terminal wing member in order. The second sheet-like member is connected to the first sheet-like member in the central wing member closer to the terminal wing member.

  In one embodiment, the lower portion of the second sheet-like member extends toward the end wing member.

  In one Example, the said 1st sheet-like member and the 2nd sheet-like member connected to it are integrally molded, and the cross | intersection part of a 1st sheet-like member and a 2nd sheet-like member transfers smoothly.

  In one embodiment, the second sheet-like member further includes a central portion connected to one end of the lower portion, and the central portion is bent toward the first sheet-like member connected to the second sheet-like member.

  In one Example, the bending angle between the lower part and center part of said 2nd sheet-like member is an obtuse angle.

  In one embodiment, the second sheet-like member further includes an upper portion connected to one end of the central portion, and the other end of the upper portion is connected or bonded to the concave surface of the first sheet-like member.

  In one Example, a 1st connection member is installed between the center part of a 2nd sheet-like member, and the concave surface of a 1st sheet-like member.

  In one embodiment, the central and upper cross-sections of the second sheet-like member are one continuous arch shape, and the central and upper arch-shaped convex surfaces of the second sheet-like member are the first sheet-like member. Towards the concave surface.

  In one embodiment, the lower part of the second sheet-like member is connected to the first sheet-like member by a second connecting member, and the connection portion between the second connecting member and the second sheet-like member and the first sheet-like member is Transition smoothly.

  In one embodiment, the lower connecting portion between the first sheet-like member and the second sheet-like member smoothly transitions, and the first inside the lower connecting portion between the first sheet-like member and the second sheet-like member. Reinforcing material is installed.

  In one embodiment, the first sheet-like member and the second sheet-like member connected thereto are integrally formed.

  In one embodiment, the first sheet-like member is connected to the second sheet-like member to form a sealed cavity, and a filler is installed in the sealed cavity.

  In one embodiment, the first sheet-shaped member, the second sheet-shaped member, and the filler are integrally formed to form a central wing member having a solid structure.

  In one embodiment, the central wing member further comprises a third sheet-like member, the third sheet-like member is located between the concave surface of the first sheet-like member and the terminal wing member, and the third sheet-like member is Including a lower part and an upper part, the lower part of the third sheet-like member is installed along the lower contour of the second airfoil, and the upper part of the third sheet-like member is connected to one end near the lower end wing member, It is bent toward one sheet-like member.

  In one embodiment, the lower part and the upper part of the third sheet-like member are integrally formed, and the intersection between the lower part and the upper part smoothly transitions.

  In one embodiment, the central wing member comprises a solid wing member, and the cross section of the solid wing member is along a convex surface approaching the tip wing member, a concave surface approaching the end wing member, and a second airfoil lower profile. A lower side surface to be installed, the lower side surfaces are respectively connected to the convex surface of the solid wing member and the lower end of the concave surface, the convex surface of the solid wing member is connected to the upper end of the concave surface, the convex surface of the solid wing member At least a portion is installed along the upper profile of the second airfoil.

  In one embodiment, the lower side surface of the solid wing member and the connecting portion between the convex surface and the concave surface smoothly transition.

In one embodiment, the end wing member has a streamlined cross section, the outer contour of the cross section exhibits a third airfoil, and at least a portion of the lower contour of the third airfoil is a lower contour of the second airfoil And at least part of the upper profile of the third airfoil is installed along the upper profile of the second airfoil, and the trailing edge of the third airfoil is the trailing edge of the second airfoil And overlap.

  In one embodiment, the end wing member has a solid structure.

  In one embodiment, the end wing member includes a fourth sheet-like member installed along an upper contour thereof and a fifth sheet-like member installed along a lower contour thereof, and both ends of the fourth sheet-like member. Are respectively connected to both ends of the fifth sheet-like member.

  In one embodiment, both ends of the fourth sheet-like member are connected to both ends of the fifth sheet-like member by a third connecting member and a fourth connecting member, respectively.

  In one embodiment, at least one second reinforcing member is installed between the fourth sheet-like member and the fifth sheet-like member.

  In one embodiment, the fourth sheet-like member and the fifth sheet-like member are integrally formed.

  In one embodiment, an extension portion is connected to one end of the fifth sheet-like member near the tip wing member, and the extension portion is installed along the lower contour of the second airfoil.

  In one Example, the bonding part bonded to the said extension part is connected to the front-end | tip wing member near one end of the said 4th sheet-like member.

  In one Example, the said bonding part and a 4th sheet-like member are integrally molded.

  In one embodiment, a bent portion that is bent toward the upper contour of the second airfoil is connected to one end of the extending portion closer to the tip wing member.

  In one embodiment, the bent portion, the extending portion, and the fifth sheet-like member are integrally formed.

  In one embodiment, the fourth sheet-like member and the fifth sheet-like member are integrally formed.

  The blade has a streamlined cross section, and the cross section is surrounded by a leading edge point, a trailing edge point, and an upper contour and a lower contour connecting the leading edge point and the trailing edge point, and the blade upper outer edge contour surface is a suction surface of the blade The upper contour is a boundary line between the suction surface and the cross section, the blade lower outer edge contour surface is a pressure surface of the blade, and the lower contour is a boundary line between the pressure surface and the cross section. Is a blade which is composed of a pair of wing members and efficiently utilizes a low-speed fluid according to the present invention which holds a ventilation space between adjacent wing members, and the wing member includes one tip wing member and one wing member. One end wing member, or one tip wing member, at least one central wing member and one end wing member, the tip wing member approaching the leading edge point and located diagonally above the leading edge point The end wing member approaches the trailing edge, and the central wing member Located between the end wing member and the end wing member, the tip wing member has an arched sheet shape having a convex surface on one side and a concave surface on the other side, and the convex surface of the tip wing member is separated from a trailing edge point, and the blade The upper profile of the cross-section is co-configured with the convex surface of the tip wing member and the top or part of the top wing member, or with the convex surface of the tip wing member and the top or part of the top wing member and the top wing member. Co-configured, the lower profile of the blade cross-section is comprised of a lower or lower portion of the end wing member, or is co-configured of a central wing member and a lower or lower portion of the end wing member.

  The present invention further relates to a vertical axis wind turbine blade of a blade that efficiently uses the low-speed fluid according to any one of the above, a vertical axis hydro turbine blade that generates power using a tidal current, a horizontal axis wind turbine blade, and a turbine blade Provide application as a steam turbine blade or propeller blade.

  The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows.

  The present invention improves the blade member structure of the blade so that the Cp value of the blade in the present invention is significantly larger than that of a single blade under the condition of an average wind speed of 2-13 m / s, so As described above, blade performance can be ensured, the original blade can be replaced with a sheet-like member, and the original blade airfoil molding can be converted into the sheet-like member molding, thus dispersing the production mold In addition to reducing mold dimensions, processing difficulty and cost, it is also possible to apply efficient molding manufacturing processes such as roll molding, press molding, extrusion, etc., thereby significantly reducing blade manufacturing costs, Specifically, it can be reduced by 20-50% (the larger the capacity of a single device, the larger the reduction width). Furthermore, the blades in the present invention can be manufactured separately, which allows the blades to be assembled at the wind turbine installation site, greatly reducing the transportation costs of large and medium blades.

It is a structural schematic diagram of the 1st Example of the braid | blade which utilizes the low-speed fluid efficiently in this invention. FIG. 2 is a structural schematic diagram of a second embodiment of a blade that efficiently utilizes a low-speed fluid in the present invention. It is a structural schematic diagram of the Example of the 3rd set of the braid | blade which utilizes the low speed fluid efficiently in this invention. FIG. 4 is a schematic view of the structure of the fourth embodiment of the blade for efficiently using the low-speed fluid in the present invention. FIG. 5 is a structural schematic diagram of the fifth embodiment of the blade for efficiently using the low-speed fluid in the present invention. It is a structural schematic diagram of the 6th Example of the braid | blade which utilizes the low-speed fluid efficiently in this invention. It is a structure schematic diagram of the Example of the 7th set of the braid | blade which utilizes the low speed fluid efficiently in this invention. It is a structural schematic diagram of the 8th Example of the braid | blade which utilizes the low speed fluid efficiently in this invention. FIG. 9 is a structural schematic diagram of a ninth embodiment of a blade that efficiently uses a low-speed fluid in the present invention. It is a structure schematic diagram of the 10th Example of the braid | blade which utilizes the low speed fluid efficiently in this invention. FIG. 11 is a structural schematic diagram of the twelfth embodiment of the blade that efficiently uses the low-speed fluid in the present invention. FIG. 12 is a schematic diagram of an outer contour envelope, a suction surface S _up , and a pressure surface S _low in a blade cross section that efficiently uses a low-speed fluid in the present invention. FIG. 13 is a schematic view of a first ventilation space and a second ventilation space in a blade cross section that efficiently uses a low-speed fluid in the present invention. FIG. 14 is a schematic diagram of an outer contour envelope, a suction surface S _up , and a pressure surface S _low in a blade cross section of four different structures of a blade that efficiently uses a low-speed fluid in the present invention. FIG. 3B is a schematic diagram of the outer contour of the blade designed with reference to the X and Y airfoils in the blade cross section in the embodiment shown in FIG. It is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of the four Example of the braid | blade which utilizes the low speed fluid efficiently in this invention. FIG. 17 is a schematic diagram of four types of application methods of a blade that efficiently uses a low-speed fluid in the present invention. FIG. 18 is a power test diagram of a blade, one three-wing collector blade, and two single blade blades in three embodiments of the present invention. FIG. 19 is a power comparison schematic diagram of the six blades shown in FIG.

  In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention clearer, the present invention will be described in more detail with reference to the drawings. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are for the purpose of interpreting the invention and are not intended to limit the invention.

  In order to easily describe a specific embodiment, the meaning of the blade number in the present invention is first described, and how the related technical terms and parameters describing the blade are illustrated in the present invention. And understand what to weigh. The blade in the present invention is represented by the general formula FW (n + m) nm, where n is the number of wing members having a sheet shape (a tip wing member having an arched sheet shape, an arched structure, a double-folded square structure) , A central wing member using a structure similar to the “S” shape and a structure similar to the “C” shape), and m is the number of wing members (“σ”) having a curved or solid block shape. A central wing member using a structure similar to the shape, a structure similar to the airfoil, a terminal wing member using an airfoil structure, a “duck frog” structure, and a “flooded duck frog” structure, and a center / And (n + m) is the sum of n and m values. In addition, when it is shown that there is a specific reference airfoil in the outer contour of the blade, an alphabet indicating the reference airfoil is added after the above general formula. For example, FW (n + m) nmL is the reference airfoil is an LF airfoil FW (n + m) nmN indicates that the reference airfoil is a NACA airfoil.

  In the blade according to the present invention, the blade members of some blades have a logical recursive relationship, and such blades can be divided into three types, and the display formulas for various features are various features. In other words, when m or n of a kind of blade is a constant in FW (n + m) nm, subtracting this constant from the (n + m) number indicates the number of members that have structural logical recursion. If there is no need to indicate n or m in a specific value, the n or m can be replaced in place with a single alphabet to indicate that such a member is structurally logically recursive Can do.

  Specifically, the blade indicated by FW (1 + m) 1B is composed of one sheet-like wing member C1 and m curved wing members B, and the central wing member has a structure similar to the “σ” shape. B is structurally logical recursion, and FW31B shown in FIGS. 6a, 6b, 6d, 6h, 6l, and 8a, FIG. 5a, FIG. 6e, FIG. 6f, FIG. 6g, FIG. FW41B, FW51B, and FW61B, which are sequentially shown in FIGS. 6j, 6k, 6m, 6n, 6o, 8b, 8c, and 8d, are examples of such blades.

  The blade indicated by FW (n + 1) C1 is composed of n sheet-like blade members C and one curved blade member B, and the central blade member uses a sheet-like blade member C having a structure similar to the “C” shape. Thus, there is logical recursion structurally, and FW4C1 shown in FIG. 4a is an example of such a blade.

  The blade indicated by FW (n + 1) S1 is composed of n sheet-like wing members C and one curved wing member B, and the central wing member uses a sheet-like wing member C having a structure similar to the “S” shape. Thus, there is logical recursion structurally, and FW4S1 and FW5S1 shown in order in FIGS. 3a and 3b are examples of such blades.

  When the applied capacity of the blade is classified according to the number of members corresponding to n and m, the blade of 1 ≦ n ≦ 3 and 1 ≦ m ≦ 3 is applied to a micro wind turbine and 1 ≦ n ≦ 8. 1 ≦ m ≦ 8 blades applied to small and medium wind turbines, 1 ≦ n ≦ 18, 1 ≦ m ≦ 18 blades applied to medium and large wind turbines, 1 ≦ n ≦ 30, 1 ≦ m ≦ 30 blades apply to large wind turbines.

Dotted lines shown in FIG. 12 is a envelope of the blade outer contour, which suction surface of such blade leading edge points a and Koenten b of the blade as a boundary (upper surface) S _{Stay up-and} pressure surface (the lower surface ) S _low is formed and shown separately corresponding to the upper and lower parts of the figure, and the distance ξ between a and b indicates the length of the blade chord (abbreviated as chord length).

In FIG. 14, the FW 211, FW 4 S 1, FW 312, and FW 41 B blades in the present invention form a suction surface S _up and a pressure surface S _low indicated by dotted lines with the front edge point a and the rear edge point b as boundaries.

  First set of examples

  As shown in FIGS. 1a to 1c, a blade that efficiently uses a low-speed fluid in the present invention includes main wing members A2, D2, and K2, the main wing member has a streamline cross section, and the outer contour of the cross section is the first. The blade is further provided with a tip wing member C1, the tip wing member is a sheet, the tip wing member has an arch shape with a convex surface on one side and a concave surface on the other side. It is installed diagonally above the front edge of the member, the concave surface of the tip wing member faces the main wing member, and a first ventilation space T1 is provided between the tip wing member and the main wing member.

  The convex surface of the tip wing member, part of the upper contour of the main wing member, the outer contour surrounded by the trailing edge point and the lower contour presents the second airfoil, and the leading edge point of the second airfoil is the convex contour of the leading blade member Located in. The contour surface formed by the upper profile of the second airfoil is the suction surface of the blade, and the contour surface formed by the lower contour is the pressure surface of the blade.

  Furthermore, the gap between the main wing member lower end of the tip wing member and the main wing member is the inlet of the first ventilation space, and the gap between the main wing member upper end of the tip wing member and the main wing member is The exhaust port of the first ventilation space, and the width of the intake port of the first ventilation space is larger than the width of the exhaust port.

  Second set of examples

  When the blade in the present invention is applied to a larger capacity fluid power plant (wind turbine), the main wing member formed of a single wing cannot meet the needs, and the wing member further includes at least one central wing member and One end wing member, wherein the central wing member is located between the tip wing member and the end wing member, and between the adjacent central wing member and between it and the end wing member, A second ventilation space T2 that communicates with the lower contour is installed, and the opening near the second airfoil lower contour of the second ventilation space is an inlet of the second ventilation space, and the second airfoil on the second airfoil The opening near the contour is an exhaust port of the second ventilation space.

As shown in FIG. 13, in the cross section of the blade, the inlets of the first ventilation space and the second ventilation space are located on the position side of the lower profile of the second airfoil of the blade, and the exhaust port is above the second airfoil of the blade. located position side of the edge is greater than the width g _ex width g _en exhaust port of the inlet. The portions closer to the suction surface (second airfoil upper contour) of the first ventilation space and the second ventilation space are gradually narrowed along the airflow direction. The exhaust direction of the exhaust port of the first ventilation space is along the tangential direction of the position corresponding to the main wing member upper contour. The exhaust direction of the exhaust port of the second ventilation space is along the tangential direction at a position corresponding to the upper contour of the adjacent central blade member or terminal blade member.

  Preferably, at least one central wing member has a sheet-like member, and at least a part of the sheet-like member is installed along the upper contour of the second airfoil.

  As shown in FIG. 2a, the central wing member C2 includes one first sheet-like member P1, and the cross section of the first sheet-like member is an arch type having a convex surface on one side and a concave surface on the other side. The arch-shaped convex surface approaches the tip wing member, one end of the first sheet-like member approaches the lower contour of the second wing shape, and the other end is positioned on the upper contour of the second wing shape.

  Example of the third set

  The third set of embodiments is obtained by modifying the second set of embodiments. As shown in FIGS. 3a and 3b, the central wing members C3 and C4 are further provided with at least one second sheet shape. A lower portion provided with a member, wherein one end of the second sheet-like member is connected to one end of the first sheet-like member close to the second airfoil lower contour, and the second sheet-like member is installed along the lower contour of the second airfoil Includes P2.

  Specifically, the lower portion of the second sheet-like member extends toward the tip wing member to form a central wing member similar to the “S” shape, and the central wing member includes at least two first sheet-like members. And at least two first sheet-like members are sequentially arranged between the tip wing member and the end wing member, and the second sheet-like member is connected to the first sheet-like member closer to the end wing member.

  Example of the fourth set

  The fourth set embodiment differs from the third set embodiment, as shown in FIG. 4a, in which the lower part of the second sheet-like member extends toward the end wing member and is similar to the "C" type central wing. Form a member.

  In order to facilitate processing, the first sheet-like member and the second sheet-like member connected thereto in the third and fourth embodiments are integrally formed, and the first sheet-like member and the second sheet-like member are integrally formed. The intersection with the sheet-like member smoothly transitions.

  Example of the fifth set

  The fifth set embodiment is obtained by further modifying the fourth set embodiment, and as shown in FIG. 5, the second sheet-like member is further connected to the lower end of the central portion P3. The center part is bent toward the first sheet-like member connected to the second sheet-like member, and the bending angle between the lower part and the center part of the second sheet-like member is an obtuse angle.

  Example of the sixth set

  In order to improve the strength of the central wing member, the sixth set of embodiments can be obtained after deformation based on the fifth set of embodiments, as shown in FIGS. The member further includes an upper portion P4 connected to one end of the central portion P3, and the other end of the upper portion is connected or bonded to the concave surface of the first sheet-like member P1 to form a central wing member similar to the “σ” type. .

  In order to further improve the strength of the central wing member, as shown in FIGS. 5 and 6h, the first connecting members N9, N11 are further provided between the central portion of the second sheet-like member and the concave surface of the first sheet-like member. And N13 can be installed.

  Preferably, as shown in FIG. 6b and FIG. 6c, the lower part of the second sheet-like member is connected to the first sheet-like member by the second connecting member L2, and the second connecting member, the second sheet-like member, and the first sheet The connecting portion with the member moves smoothly.

  As another preferable solution, as shown in FIGS. 5a and 6d, the lower connecting portion between the first sheet-like member and the second sheet-like member smoothly transitions, and the first sheet-like member and the second sheet-like member are transferred. The first reinforcing materials N8 and N6 are installed inside the lower connection portion with the member.

  Seventh example

  The embodiment of the seventh set is similar to the embodiment of the sixth set, and as shown in FIGS. 7a to 7c, the central and upper cross sections of the second sheet-like member are one continuous arch type, The central and upper arch-shaped convex surfaces of the second sheet-shaped member are directed toward the concave surface of the first sheet-shaped member to form a central wing member having a structure similar to the airfoil.

  In order to process easily and reduce the processing cost, the first sheet-like member and the second sheet-like member connected to the first sheet-like member can be integrally formed to form a hollow central wing member. As shown in FIGS. 6o and 7b, the central wing member shown in FIGS. 6h to 6k and 7b is manufactured by an extrusion molding method, and the central wing member shown in FIGS. 6l to 6o is manufactured by a sheet metal press pressure molding method. A single sheet-like member is processed.

  Example of the eighth set

  The eighth set embodiment differs from the seventh set embodiment in that the central wing member in the eighth set embodiment uses a solid structure, that is, the first sheet-like member and the second sheet-like member are connected. The filler is placed in the formed sealed cavity.

  As shown in FIGS. 8a to 8d, the first sheet-shaped member, the second sheet-shaped member, and the filler are integrally formed to form a central wing member having a solid structure.

  Example of the ninth group

  The ninth embodiment changes based on the second embodiment. As shown in FIG. 9, the central wing member further includes a third sheet-like member C3, and the third sheet-like member is the first. Located between the concave surface of the sheet-like member C2 and the terminal blade member A4, the third sheet-like member includes a lower part Q1 and an upper part Q2, and the lower part of the third sheet-like member is along the lower contour of the second airfoil. Installed, the upper part of the third sheet-like member is connected to one end near the lower end wing member and bent toward the first sheet-like member to form a central wing member with a “double piece folded” structure.

  Preferably, the lower part and the upper part of the third sheet-like member are integrally formed so that the intersection between the lower part and the upper part smoothly transitions.

  Tenth Example

  The central wing member includes at least one solid wing member in addition to the sheet-like members disclosed in the plurality of sets of embodiments, and the cross section of the solid wing member is a tip wing as shown in FIGS. 10a to 10c. A convex surface approaching the member, a concave surface approaching the end wing member, and a lower side surface installed along the second airfoil lower contour, and the lower side surface is connected to the convex surface of the solid wing member and the lower end of the concave surface, respectively. The convex surface of the solid blade member is connected to the upper end of the concave surface, and at least a part of the convex surface of the solid blade member is installed along the upper contour of the second airfoil.

  Preferably, the lower flank of the solid wing member and the connecting portion between the convex surface and the concave surface smoothly transition.

  Eleventh set of examples

  The end wing member in the main wing member also has a plurality of types, the end wing member has a streamlined cross section, the outer contour of the cross section exhibits a third wing shape, and at least a part of the lower contour of the third wing shape is the first. Installed along the lower profile of the two wings, at least part of the upper profile of the third wing is installed along the upper profile of the second wing, and the trailing edge of the third wing is the second profile Overlapping with the trailing edge point.

  As shown in FIGS. 1a, 2a, 6c, 8a to 8d, 9, and 10a to 10c, the end wing member has a solid structure.

  As shown in FIGS. 3a, 3b, 4a, and 6e to 6g, the end wing member has a fourth sheet-like member installed along its upper contour and a fifth sheet installed along its lower contour. And both ends of the fourth sheet-like member are respectively connected to both ends of the fifth sheet-like member.

  As shown in FIG. 6b, both ends of the fourth sheet-like member E6 are connected to both ends of the fifth sheet-like member E7 by the third connecting member L5 and the fourth connecting member L8, respectively.

  As shown in FIGS. 6a and 6h, in order to improve the strength of the end wing member, at least one second reinforcing material N4, N5 is installed between the fourth sheet-like member and the fifth sheet-like member, There are a plurality of second reinforcing members N5 in the end wing member shown in FIG. 6h, and they are arranged at the front, middle and rear portions of the end wing member.

  Twelfth set of examples

  The twelfth embodiment is changed based on the eleventh embodiment, and as shown in FIG. 11a, the difference is that the fifth sheet-like member E4 extends to one end near the tip wing member. R1 is connected, the extending part is installed along the lower contour of the second wing shape, and the bonding part R2 bonded to the extending part is connected to the end of the fourth sheet-like member E3 closer to the leading wing member. It is to form a structure similar to the “Kamo-an” type.

  Preferably, the bonding part and the fourth sheet-like member are integrally formed.

  As shown in FIGS. 7a and 7c, a bent portion R3 that is bent toward the upper contour of the second wing shape is connected to one end of the extending portion near the tip wing member to form a structure similar to the “floating duck” type To do.

  As shown in FIG. 7b, the bent portion, the extended portion, and the fifth sheet-like member are integrally formed.

  As shown in FIGS. 1 b, 1 c, 5 a, 6 d, 6 h to 6 o, 7 b, and 7 c, the fourth sheet member and the fifth sheet member are integrally formed, and the method for processing the central wing member is performed. In the same manner as described above, the end blade member may be manufactured by an extrusion molding or a sheet metal press pressure molding method.

  As shown in FIGS. 15a and 15b, the second airfoil outer contour of the blade in the present invention is designed according to the X airfoil standard and the Y airfoil standard, respectively, and the leading edge point a of the blade and the airfoil overlap. However, both trailing edge points b do not overlap because the trailing edge of the blade is not actually sharp (not necessary) like an airfoil.

  16a to 16d are three-dimensional schematic views of the FW4S1 blade in FIG. 3a, the FW41B blade in FIG. 6f, the FW31B blade in FIG. 6e, and the FW312 blade in FIG. 10a, and the blade in the present invention is an external frame (not shown). The tip wing member, the central wing member, and the end wing member may be relatively fixed.

  As shown in FIG. 17, in this embodiment, a three-blade wind turbine is taken as an example, and the blade according to the present invention may be applied to a wind turbine in four types. It is a spiral type, the extension direction of the chord length of the blade does not change, one type is a horizontal axis, the chord length of the blade gradually decreases outward along the radius of the wind turbine, and O is the wind turbine Indicates the axis of rotation.

  In addition, the blade in the present invention may be further used as a turbine blade, a steam turbine blade, or a propeller blade, particularly a vertical axis hydro turbine blade that generates power using a tidal current.

In order to verify the technical effect of the blades that efficiently use the low-speed fluid in the present invention, each of six types of blades is attached to a vertical axis H-type wind turbine, and the value at which the power changes according to the wind speed is measured. The power curve is fitted, and a curve diagram of each blade is shown in FIG. 18, and FIG. 19 is a comparison diagram of each curve diagram in FIG. The six types of blades are each one of the three types of FW41BL, FW31BL, FW312L blades, one type of three-wing collector blade G3d2L, and the above four types of blades designed with one type of LF airfoil as the blade external contour reference airfoil LF airfoil blade as an outer contour reference airfoil, and a NACA airfoil blade having airfoil parameters c, _xc and t which are the same as the LF airfoil.

  As can be seen from the results shown in FIG. 18, the cut-in wind speed Wi of the FW41BL blade in the present invention is 1.5 m / s, and the Wi of the FW31BL, FW312L and G3d2L blades is 2 m / s, but the LF blade and the NACA blade Wi are 3.5 m / s and 4 m / s in this order.

  As can be seen from the comparison result shown in FIG. 19, the power curves are FW41BL blade, G3d2L blade, FW312L blade, FW31BL blade, LF blade, and NACA blade in descending order.

  Table 1 shows the average value `Cp, the cut-in wind speed Wi, in which the wind energy utilization rate Cp in the range of wind speed Wi-13 m / s measured according to the wind speed measured when these six blades are mounted on the same type of efficient wind turbine. The acceleration time T from the start of Wi wind speed to the equilibrium rotational speed is shown.

Table 1, Cp measured with an efficient wind turbine of the same type with 6 blades, average value varying with wind speed

  In addition to the NACA blade, the other five blades all have similar external shapes or external contours, and the performance of the blade with the ventilation space is superior to that of the LF blade, thereby improving the structure of the ventilation space. It is explained that the difference in the performance is mainly due to the difference in the number and shape of the ventilation spaces, and that the NACA blade has the lowest performance. Explain not to apply to vertical axis wind turbine.

  In short, `Cp of the blade in the present invention is more than G3d2L blade, but the cost of the blade in the present invention is at least 20% lower than the collector blade like G3d2L, and the price performance ratio is higher.

  A blade manufacturing method and a general process for efficiently using a low-speed fluid in the present invention include the following.

  1st step, processing raw material is selected, lightweight metal sheet (including but not limited to aluminum plate and aluminum alloy plate), and light alloy non-sheet material (including aluminum alloy and aluminum magnesium alloy). But not limited to), polymeric materials (including but not limited to polycarbonate, polyurethane, ABS) or fiber reinforced composites (including but not limited to glass fibers, carbon fibers, kavnik fiber composites). .

  Second step, for different processing raw materials, using a curved mold or a die, or manufacturing a processing raw material into a sheet-shaped member of a predetermined shape by curved roll forming, the curved mold or die forming is press molding, Includes extrusion molding, injection pressure molding, pressure casting molding, forming die or imprint molding.

  Specifically, when the processing raw material is a lightweight metal sheet, curved roll molding or press molding is used, and when the processing raw material is a lightweight alloy non-sheet material or polymer material, extrusion molding, injection pressure molding or pressure casting molding is used. When the processing raw material is a fiber reinforced composite material, a forming die or imprint molding or pressure casting molding is used.

  In the third step, the tip wing member, the central wing member or the terminal wing member is constituted by the manufactured sheet-like member.

  The above examples illustrate some embodiments of the present invention, and the description is more specific and detailed, but is not intended to limit the patent scope of the present invention. However, those skilled in the art can make various modifications and improvements without departing from the spirit of the present invention, and these are all included in the protection scope of the present invention. For this reason, the protection scope of the patent of the present invention should conform to the scope of claims.

A blade that efficiently uses a low-speed fluid including a main wing member having a streamlined cross section with an outer contour exhibiting a first airfoil, the blade further including a tip wing member, and the tip wing member is in a sheet form , the tip blade member on one side is an arched an other side concave convex surfaces, the tip blades member is disposed obliquely above the wing member leading edge point, and the concave surface of the tip blade member toward the wing member, A first ventilation space is provided between the tip wing member and the main wing member.

In one embodiment, the wing members includes a first sheet-like member, said first sheet-like member is arched the other side is concave on one side a convex, arched convex surface of the first sheet-like member Approaches the tip wing member, one end of the first sheet-like member approaches the lower contour of the second airfoil, and the other end is positioned on the upper contour of the second airfoil.

In one embodiment, the lower part of the second sheet-like member extends toward the tip wing member, the first sheet-like member is at least two, and at least two of the first sheet-like members are in turn the tip wing member. The second sheet-like member is connected to the first sheet-like member in the central wing member closer to the terminal wing member.

In one embodiment, the central wing member comprises a solid wing member, and the solid wing member is installed along a convex surface approaching the tip wing member, a concave surface approaching the end wing member, and a second airfoil lower contour. The lower surface is connected to the convex surface of the solid wing member and the lower end of the concave surface, respectively, the convex surface of the solid wing member is connected to the upper end of the concave surface, and at least one of the convex surfaces of the solid wing member The part is installed along the upper contour of the second airfoil.

The blade indicated by FW (n + 1) C1 is composed of n sheet-like blade members C and one curved blade member B, and the central blade member uses a sheet-like blade member C having a structure similar to the “C” shape. Thus, there is logical recursion structurally, and FW4C1 shown in FIG. 4 is an example of such a blade.

As shown in FIGS. 1a to 1c, a blade that efficiently uses a low-speed fluid in the present invention includes main wing members A2, D2, and K2, the main wing member has a streamline cross section, and the outer contour of the cross section is the first. It exhibits a part type, blade further comprises a tip blade member C1, a tip blade member is sheet-like, the tip blade member is arched the other side is concave on one side a convex tip wing members wing member It is installed diagonally above the front edge point, the concave surface of the tip wing member faces the main wing member, and there is a first ventilation space T1 between the tip wing member and the main wing member.

As shown in FIG. 2, the wing member C2 includes a first sheet-like member P1 of the one, the first sheet-like member the other side one side a convex is arched is concave, the first sheet-like member The arch-shaped convex surface approaches the tip wing member, one end of the first sheet-like member approaches the lower contour of the second wing shape, and the other end is positioned on the upper contour of the second wing shape.

Example of four sets th unlike the embodiment of third set, as shown in FIG. 4, a central wing bottom of the second sheet-shaped member extending toward the distal wing member, similar to the "C" type Form a member.

As another suitable solution, as shown in FIGS. 5 and 6d, the lower connecting portion between the first sheet-like member and the second sheet-like member smoothly transitions, and the first sheet-like member and the second sheet-like member The first reinforcing materials N8 and N6 are installed inside the lower connection portion with the member.

Besides wing member sheet-like member disclosed in the above plurality of sets of embodiments, further comprising at least one solid wing member, as shown in FIG 10a~ Figure 10c, solid wings material tip wing member A convex surface approaching the end blade member, a concave surface approaching the end wing member, and a lower side surface installed along the lower profile of the second airfoil, the lower side surface being connected to the convex surface of the solid wing member and the lower end of the concave surface, respectively, The convex surface of the actual wing member is connected to the upper end of the concave surface, and at least a part of the convex surface of the solid wing member is installed along the upper contour of the second airfoil.

As shown in FIGS. 1a, 2 , 6c, 8a to 8d, 9, and 10a to 10c, the end wing member has a solid structure.

As shown in FIGS. 3a, 3b, 4 and 6e to 6g, the end wing member has a fourth sheet-like member installed along its upper contour and a fifth sheet installed along its lower contour. And both ends of the fourth sheet-like member are respectively connected to both ends of the fifth sheet-like member.

The twelfth embodiment is changed based on the eleventh embodiment, and as shown in FIG. 11 , the difference is that the fifth sheet-like member E4 extends to one end near the tip wing member. R1 is connected, the extending part is installed along the lower contour of the second wing shape, and the bonding part R2 bonded to the extending part is connected to the end of the fourth sheet-like member E3 closer to the leading wing member. It is to form a structure similar to the “Kamo-an” type.

As shown in FIGS. 1b, 1c, 5 , 6d, 6h to 6o, 7b, and 7c, the fourth sheet member and the fifth sheet member are integrally formed, and the method for processing the central wing member is performed. In the same manner as described above, the end blade member may be manufactured by an extrusion molding or a sheet metal press pressure molding method.

Claims (40)

A blade that efficiently utilizes a low-speed fluid comprising a main wing member having a streamlined cross-section with an outer contour exhibiting a first airfoil,
The blade further includes a tip wing member, the tip wing member has a sheet shape, and the cross-section of the tip wing member is an arch type in which one side is convex and the other side is concave, and the tip wing member is a leading edge point of the main wing member. A blade that efficiently uses a low-speed fluid, characterized in that the concave surface of the tip wing member is directed to the main wing member, and a first ventilation space is provided between the tip wing member and the main wing member. .   The convex surface of the tip wing member, a part of the upper contour of the main wing member, the outer contour surrounded by the trailing edge point and the lower contour presents the second airfoil, and the leading edge point of the second airfoil is the tip blade member The blade using efficiently the low-speed fluid according to claim 1, wherein the blade is located at a convex contour.   A gap between one end of the tip wing member near the main wing member lower contour and the main wing member is an air inlet of the first ventilation space, and a gap between one end of the tip wing member near the main wing member upper contour and the main wing member The blade for efficiently using a low-speed fluid according to claim 2, wherein is an exhaust port of the first ventilation space, and the width of the intake port of the first ventilation space is larger than the width of the exhaust port.   The blade that efficiently uses low-speed fluid according to claim 3, wherein the exhaust direction of the exhaust port of the first ventilation space is along a tangential direction at a position corresponding to the upper contour of the main wing member.   The main wing member includes at least one central wing member and one end wing member, and the central wing member is located between the front wing member and the end wing member, and between the adjacent central wing members and the end wing member. A second ventilation space is provided between the member and the second airfoil upper contour and the lower contour, respectively, and an opening closer to the second airfoil lower contour of the second airflow space is an inlet of the second airflow space. The second wing-type upper contour opening of the second ventilation space is an exhaust port of the second ventilation space, and the width of the intake port of the second ventilation space is larger than the width of the exhaust port. A blade that efficiently utilizes the low-speed fluid according to any one of claims 2 to 4.   The low-speed fluid according to claim 5, wherein the exhaust direction of the exhaust port of the second ventilation space is along a tangential direction of a position corresponding to the upper contour of the adjacent central blade member or terminal blade member. Blade to use for.   6. The low-speed fluid according to claim 5, wherein at least one of the central wing members has a sheet-like member, and at least a part of the sheet-like member is disposed along the upper contour of the second wing shape. Blades that are used efficiently.   The central wing member includes a first sheet-like member, and a cross-section of the first sheet-like member is an arch type having a convex surface on one side and a concave surface on the other side, and the arch-shaped convex surface of the first sheet-shaped member is a tip wing member The low-speed fluid according to claim 7, wherein one end of the first sheet-shaped member approaches the lower contour of the second airfoil, and the other end is positioned on the upper contour of the second airfoil. Blades that are used efficiently.   The central wing member further includes a second sheet-like member, one end of the second sheet-like member is connected to one end of the first sheet-like member near the second wing-shaped lower contour, and the second sheet-like member is a second wing member. The blade utilizing efficiently the low-speed fluid according to claim 8, comprising a lower portion installed along a lower contour of the mold.   The lower part of the second sheet-like member extends toward the tip wing member, there are at least two of the central wing members, and at least two of the central wing members are sequentially arranged between the tip wing member and the terminal wing member. The blade using the low-speed fluid efficiently according to claim 9, wherein the second sheet-like member is connected to the first sheet-like member in the central wing member near the end wing member.   The blade using the low-speed fluid efficiently according to claim 9, wherein a lower portion of the second sheet-like member extends toward the end blade member.   The said 1st sheet-like member and the 2nd sheet-like member connected to it are integrally molded, The cross | intersection part of a 1st sheet-like member and a 2nd sheet-like member transfers smoothly, It is characterized by the above-mentioned. Or a blade that efficiently utilizes the low-speed fluid according to 11;   The second sheet-like member further includes a central portion connected to one end of the lower portion, and the central portion is bent toward the first sheet-like member connected to the second sheet-like member. Item 12. A blade that efficiently uses the low-speed fluid according to Item 11.   The blade using the low-speed fluid efficiently according to claim 13, wherein a bending angle between a lower portion and a central portion of the second sheet-like member is an obtuse angle.   The second sheet-like member further includes an upper portion connected to one end of a central portion, and the other end of the upper portion is connected or bonded to the concave surface of the first sheet-like member. A blade that efficiently uses low-speed fluid.   The blade for efficiently using a low-speed fluid according to claim 14 or 15, wherein a first connecting member is installed between a central portion of the second sheet-like member and a concave surface of the first sheet-like member. .   The cross section of the central part and the upper part of the second sheet-like member is one continuous arch type, and the central and upper arched convex surfaces of the second sheet-like member are directed toward the concave surface of the first sheet-like member. The blade that efficiently uses the low-speed fluid according to claim 15.   The lower part of the second sheet-like member is connected to the first sheet-like member by the second connecting member, and the connection portion between the second connecting member and the second sheet-like member and the first sheet-like member smoothly transitions. The blade that efficiently uses the low-speed fluid according to any one of claims 13 to 15.   The lower connecting portion between the first sheet-like member and the second sheet-like member smoothly transitions, and the first reinforcing material is installed inside the lower connecting portion between the first sheet-like member and the second sheet-like member. The blade that efficiently uses the low-speed fluid according to any one of claims 13 to 15.   The blade using the low-speed fluid efficiently according to any one of claims 13 to 15 or 17, wherein the first sheet-like member and the second sheet-like member connected thereto are integrally formed. .   The first sheet-like member is connected to the second sheet-like member to form a sealed cavity, and a filler is installed in the sealed cavity. Blade that efficiently uses low-speed fluid.   The low-speed fluid according to claim 21, wherein the first sheet-shaped member, the second sheet-shaped member, and the filler are integrally formed to form a central wing member having a solid structure. Blade to be.   The central wing member further includes a third sheet-like member, the third sheet-like member is located between the concave surface of the first sheet-like member and the terminal wing member, and the third sheet-like member includes a lower portion and an upper portion. The lower part of the third sheet-like member is installed along the lower profile of the second wing shape, and the upper part of the third sheet-like member is connected to one end of the lower end wing member, The blade that efficiently utilizes low-speed fluid according to claim 8, wherein the blade is bent toward the bottom.   24. The blade that efficiently uses a low-speed fluid according to claim 23, wherein a lower portion and an upper portion of the third sheet-like member are integrally formed so that a crossing portion between the lower portion and the upper portion smoothly transitions.   The central wing member includes a solid wing member, and a cross section of the solid wing member is a convex surface approaching the tip wing member, a concave surface approaching the end wing member, and a lower side surface installed along the second airfoil lower contour The lower surface is connected to the convex surface and the lower end of the concave surface of the solid wing member, the convex surface of the solid wing member is connected to the upper end of the concave surface, and at least a part of the convex surface of the solid wing member is the first The blade utilizing efficiently the low-speed fluid according to claim 5, wherein the blade is installed along the upper profile of the two-wing type.   26. The blade that efficiently uses a low-speed fluid according to claim 25, wherein a lower surface of the solid wing member and a connection portion between the convex surface and the concave surface smoothly transition.   The terminal wing member has a streamlined cross section, the outer contour of the cross section exhibits a third airfoil, and at least a part of the lower contour of the third airfoil is disposed along the lower contour of the second airfoil; , At least part of the upper contour of the third airfoil is installed along the upper contour of the second airfoil, and the trailing edge of the third airfoil overlaps the trailing edge of the second airfoil A blade that efficiently utilizes the low-speed fluid according to claim 5.   28. The blade that efficiently utilizes low-speed fluid according to claim 27, wherein the end blade member has a solid structure.   The terminal wing member includes a fourth sheet-like member installed along an upper contour thereof and a fifth sheet-like member installed along a lower contour thereof, and both ends of the fourth sheet-like member are fifth sheets, respectively. The blade using low-speed fluid efficiently according to claim 27, wherein the blade is connected to both ends of the member.   30. The low-speed fluid according to claim 29, wherein both ends of the fourth sheet-like member are connected to both ends of the fifth sheet-like member by a third connecting member and a fourth connecting member, respectively. blade.   30. The blade that efficiently utilizes low-speed fluid according to claim 29, wherein at least one second reinforcing member is disposed between the fourth sheet-like member and the fifth sheet-like member.   30. The blade that efficiently utilizes low-speed fluid according to claim 29, wherein the fourth sheet-like member and the fifth sheet-like member are integrally formed.   30. The low speed according to claim 29, wherein an extension portion is connected to one end of the fifth sheet-like member near the tip wing member, and the extension portion is installed along the lower contour of the second airfoil. Blade that uses fluid efficiently.   The blade that efficiently uses low-speed fluid according to claim 33, wherein a bonding portion bonded to the extending portion is connected to one end of the fourth sheet-shaped member near the tip wing member.   The blade for efficiently using a low-speed fluid according to claim 34, wherein the bonding portion and the fourth sheet-like member are integrally formed.   34. The blade that efficiently uses low-speed fluid according to claim 33, wherein a bent portion that is bent toward the upper contour of the second airfoil is connected to one end of the extending portion near the tip blade member.   The blade utilizing the low-speed fluid efficiently according to claim 36, wherein the bent portion, the extending portion, and the fifth sheet-like member are integrally formed.   38. The blade that efficiently utilizes low-speed fluid according to claim 37, wherein the fourth sheet-like member and the fifth sheet-like member are integrally formed. The blade has a streamlined cross section, and the cross section is surrounded by a leading edge point, a trailing edge point, and upper and lower contours connecting the leading edge point and the trailing edge point, and the blade upper outer edge contour surface is a suction surface of the blade The upper contour is a boundary line between the suction surface and the cross section, the blade lower outer edge contour surface is a pressure surface of the blade, and the lower contour is a boundary line between the pressure surface and the cross section. A blade that is composed of a pair of wing members and efficiently uses a low-speed fluid that holds a ventilation space between adjacent wing members,
The wing member comprises one tip wing member and one end wing member, or comprises one tip wing member, at least one central wing member and one end wing member, the tip wing member approaching a leading edge point The distal wing member approaches the trailing edge point, the central wing member is located between the distal wing member and the distal wing member, and the distal wing member is located on one side. Presents an arched sheet shape having a convex surface and a concave surface on the other side, the convex surface of the tip blade member is separated from the trailing edge point, and the upper profile of the blade cross section is the convex surface of the tip blade member and the upper or upper portion of the end blade member. Co-configured in part, or co-configured in the convex surface of the tip wing member, and the upper or part of the upper or upper part of the central wing member and the end wing member, and the lower profile of the blade cross section is one of the lower part or the lower part of the end wing member Or the lower part of the central wing member and the lower end wing member Blade utilizing low speed fluid, characterized in that the joint consists of a part of the bottom efficiently.   A vertical axis wind turbine blade of a blade that efficiently uses a low-speed fluid according to any one of claims 1 to 39, a vertical axis hydro turbine blade that generates power using a tidal current, a horizontal axis wind turbine blade, and a water turbine Application as blade, steam turbine blade or propeller blade.