JP2018206220A - vending machine - Google Patents
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- JP2018206220A JP2018206220A JP2017112963A JP2017112963A JP2018206220A JP 2018206220 A JP2018206220 A JP 2018206220A JP 2017112963 A JP2017112963 A JP 2017112963A JP 2017112963 A JP2017112963 A JP 2017112963A JP 2018206220 A JP2018206220 A JP 2018206220A
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Abstract
Description
本発明は、圧縮機、室内熱交換器、減圧器及び室外熱交換器を有する加温システムによって商品収納室を加温するように構成された自動販売機に関する。 The present invention relates to a vending machine configured to heat a product storage room by a heating system having a compressor, an indoor heat exchanger, a decompressor, and an outdoor heat exchanger.
この種の自動販売機の一例が特許文献１に記載されている。特許文献１に記載された自動販売機は、冷却専用の冷却室と、冷却と加温の切り替えが可能な切替室と、前記冷却室及び前記切替室を冷却可能な冷却システムと、前記切替室を加温可能な加温システムと、を有する。前記冷却システムは、圧縮機、凝縮器、キャピラリーチューブ及び蒸発器が冷媒配管によって接続されて構成されている。また、前記加温システムは、圧縮機、ガスクーラー、膨張弁及び蒸発器が冷媒配管によって接続されて構成されている。特許文献１に記載された自動販売機では、冷却と加温とを独立に制御することが可能である。 An example of this type of vending machine is described in Patent Document 1. The vending machine described in Patent Document 1 includes a cooling chamber dedicated to cooling, a switching chamber capable of switching between cooling and heating, a cooling system capable of cooling the cooling chamber and the switching chamber, and the switching chamber. And a heating system capable of heating. The cooling system includes a compressor, a condenser, a capillary tube, and an evaporator connected by a refrigerant pipe. The heating system is configured by connecting a compressor, a gas cooler, an expansion valve, and an evaporator through a refrigerant pipe. In the vending machine described in Patent Document 1, cooling and heating can be independently controlled.
ところで、近年、自動販売機の消費電力量の削減要求がますます高まってきており、上述の自動販売機のように、商品収納室を加温可能な加温システムを有する自動販売機についてもさらなる消費電力量の削減が望まれている。 By the way, in recent years, demands for reducing power consumption of vending machines have been increasing, and vending machines having a heating system that can heat a product storage room, such as the vending machines described above, are further increased. Reduction of power consumption is desired.
そこで、本発明は、特に商品収納室を加温可能な加温システムを有する自動販売機の消費電力量の更なる削減を図ることを目的とする。 Therefore, the present invention aims to further reduce the power consumption of a vending machine having a heating system capable of heating a product storage room.
発明者が鋭意検討した結果、商品収納室を加温可能な加温システムを有する自動販売機において、前記加温システムを構成する圧縮機等を適切に制御することによって自動販売機の消費電力量のさらなる削減が可能であること見出した。本発明は、かかる知見に基づくものである。 As a result of intensive studies by the inventor, in a vending machine having a heating system capable of heating the product storage room, the power consumption of the vending machine can be controlled by appropriately controlling the compressor and the like constituting the heating system. It was found that further reduction is possible. The present invention is based on such knowledge.
すなわち、本発明の一側面によると、商品を収納して加温する商品収納室を有する自動販売機は、冷媒を圧縮して吐出する圧縮機と、前記商品収納室内に配置された室内熱交換器と、冷媒を減圧する減圧器と、前記商品収納室の外部に配置された室外熱交換器とを有し、前記商品収納室を加温可能に構成された加温システムと、前記圧縮機の吐出冷媒の圧力を検出する圧力センサと、前記加温システムの動作を制御する制御部とを含む。前記圧縮機は、インバータ圧縮機であり、前記制御部は、前記圧縮機を起動した後に前記圧縮機を第１回転数で動作させ、その後、前記圧縮機の吐出冷媒の圧力が所定圧力に到達すると前記圧縮機を前記第１回転数よりも低い第２回転数で動作させるように構成されている。 That is, according to one aspect of the present invention, a vending machine having a product storage chamber that stores and heats a product includes a compressor that compresses and discharges a refrigerant, and an indoor heat exchange disposed in the product storage chamber. A heating system configured to be capable of heating the product storage chamber, and a compressor having a compressor, a decompressor for decompressing the refrigerant, and an outdoor heat exchanger arranged outside the product storage chamber A pressure sensor for detecting the pressure of the discharged refrigerant and a control unit for controlling the operation of the heating system. The compressor is an inverter compressor, and the controller operates the compressor at a first rotation speed after starting the compressor, and then the pressure of the refrigerant discharged from the compressor reaches a predetermined pressure. Then, the compressor is configured to operate at a second rotational speed lower than the first rotational speed.
本発明によると、商品収納室を加温可能な加温システムを有する自動販売機において、従来に比べて、消費電力量を削減することができる。 According to the present invention, in a vending machine having a heating system capable of heating a product storage room, it is possible to reduce the amount of power consumption compared to the conventional one.
以下、添付図面を参照して本発明の実施の形態を説明する。
図１は、本発明の一実施形態に係る自動販売機の概略構成を示す図である。図１に示されるように、実施形態に係る自動販売機１は、断熱構造の商品収納庫１０と、冷却システム３０と、加温／冷却システム７０と、を有する。
Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
FIG. 1 is a diagram showing a schematic configuration of a vending machine according to an embodiment of the present invention. As shown in FIG. 1, the vending machine 1 according to the embodiment includes a product storage 10 having a heat insulating structure, a cooling system 30, and a heating / cooling system 70.
商品収納庫１０内は、断熱隔壁によって、それぞれ複数の商品（例えば容器入り飲料）を収納する第１商品収納室１１、第２商品収納室１２及び第３商品収納室１３に区画されている。なお、図では省略されているが、第１〜第３商品収納室１１〜１３のそれぞれには、商品ラックや商品搬出装置などが配設されている。そして、自動販売機１は、例えば所定の料金が料金投入口（図示省略）から投入され、商品選択ボタン（図示省略）が押されることによって、第１〜第３商品収納室１１〜１３内のいずれかに配設された前記商品搬出装置が対応する商品を商品取出口（図示省略）に搬出するように構成されている。 The product storage 10 is partitioned into a first product storage chamber 11, a second product storage chamber 12, and a third product storage chamber 13, each storing a plurality of products (for example, beverages in a container), by a heat insulating partition. In addition, although omitted in the drawing, a merchandise rack, a merchandise carry-out device, and the like are disposed in each of the first to third merchandise storage chambers 11 to 13. Then, the vending machine 1, for example, has a predetermined fee entered from a fee entry port (not shown), and a product selection button (not shown) is pressed, so that the inside of the first to third product storage chambers 11 to 13 is pushed. The merchandise carry-out device arranged in any one is configured to carry out the corresponding merchandise to a merchandise outlet (not shown).
冷却システム３０は、冷媒を用いた冷凍サイクルによって第１商品収納室１１、第２商品収納室１２及び第３商品収納室１３のそれぞれを冷却可能に構成されている。 The cooling system 30 is configured such that each of the first product storage chamber 11, the second product storage chamber 12, and the third product storage chamber 13 can be cooled by a refrigeration cycle using a refrigerant.
加温／冷却システム７０は、冷媒を用いたヒートポンプ式の冷凍サイクルによって第１商品収納室１１を加温可能に構成されている。具体的には、本実施形態において、加温／冷却システム７０は、第１商品収納室１１の加温のみを行うこと及び第１商品収納室１１を加温すると共に第２商品収納室１２及び／又は第３商品収納室１３を冷却することが可能に構成されている。つまり、加温／冷却システム７０は、第１商品収納室１１に対しては加温システムとして機能し、第２商品収納室１２及び第３商品収納室１３に対しては冷却システムとして機能する。 The heating / cooling system 70 is configured to heat the first product storage chamber 11 by a heat pump refrigeration cycle using a refrigerant. Specifically, in the present embodiment, the heating / cooling system 70 only heats the first product storage chamber 11, warms the first product storage chamber 11, and the second product storage chamber 12 and The third product storage chamber 13 can be cooled. That is, the heating / cooling system 70 functions as a heating system for the first product storage chamber 11 and functions as a cooling system for the second product storage chamber 12 and the third product storage chamber 13.
すなわち、本実施形態において、第１商品収納室１１は、商品を常温で収納する常温室、商品を収納すると共に収納した商品を加温する加温室又は商品を収納する共に収納した商品を冷却する冷却室として機能し得るように構成され、第２商品収納室１２及び第３商品収納室１３は、前記常温室又は前記冷却室として機能し得るように構成されている。 That is, in this embodiment, the 1st goods storage room 11 cools the goods which stored the room temperature room which stores goods at room temperature, the warming room which stores goods and warms the goods stored, or stores goods together. The second product storage chamber 12 and the third product storage chamber 13 are configured to function as the normal temperature chamber or the cooling chamber.
ここで、冷却システム３０で使用される冷媒と、加温／冷却システム７０で使用される冷媒とは、同じ種類のものであってもよいし、異なる種類のものであってもよい。特に制限されるものではないが、本実施形態においては、冷却システム３０で使用される冷媒及び加温／冷却システム７０で使用される冷媒としてＣＯ２冷媒が採用されている。 Here, the refrigerant used in the cooling system 30 and the refrigerant used in the heating / cooling system 70 may be the same type or different types. Although not particularly limited, in the present embodiment, a CO 2 refrigerant is employed as the refrigerant used in the cooling system 30 and the refrigerant used in the heating / cooling system 70.
図１に示されるように、冷却システム３０は、圧縮機３１と、ガスクーラー３２と、第１三方弁（電磁弁）３３と、第１キャピラリーチューブ３４と、第１蒸発器３５と、第２三方弁（電磁弁）３６と、第２キャピラリーチューブ３７と、第２蒸発器３８と、第３キャピラリーチューブ３９と、第３蒸発器４０と、を含み、これらが冷媒を流通させる冷媒配管５０によって接続されて構成されている。そして、冷却システム３０の制御部（図示省略）によって、圧縮機３１、第１三方弁３３、第２三方弁３６、ガスクーラー用送風機４１、第１〜第３蒸発器用送風機４２〜４４が適宜制御される。これにより、第１商品収納室１１、第２商品収納室１２及び第３商品収納室１３の冷却が行われる。なお、第１〜第３キャピラリーチューブ３４、３７、３９の一部又は全部がオリフィスや膨張弁などに置換されてもよい。 As shown in FIG. 1, the cooling system 30 includes a compressor 31, a gas cooler 32, a first three-way valve (solenoid valve) 33, a first capillary tube 34, a first evaporator 35, and a second evaporator. The refrigerant pipe 50 includes a three-way valve (solenoid valve) 36, a second capillary tube 37, a second evaporator 38, a third capillary tube 39, and a third evaporator 40, and these flow through the refrigerant. Connected and configured. The control unit (not shown) of the cooling system 30 appropriately controls the compressor 31, the first three-way valve 33, the second three-way valve 36, the gas cooler blower 41, and the first to third evaporator blowers 42 to 44. Is done. Thereby, cooling of the 1st goods storage room 11, the 2nd goods storage room 12, and the 3rd goods storage room 13 is performed. A part or all of the first to third capillary tubes 34, 37, 39 may be replaced with orifices or expansion valves.
図２は、加温／冷却システム７０の構成を示す図である。
図１、図２に示されるように、加温／冷却システム７０は、圧縮機７１と、放熱器（室内熱交換器）７２と、第１三方弁（電磁弁）７３と、第１電子膨張弁（減圧器）７４と、吸熱器（室外熱交換器）７５と、第２三方弁（電磁弁）７６と、第２電子膨張弁７７と、第１蒸発器７８と、キャピラリーチューブ７９と、第２蒸発器８０と、を含み、これらが冷媒を流通させる冷媒配管９０によって接続されて構成されている。なお、キャピラリーチューブ７９は、オリフィスや膨張弁などに置換されてもよい。
FIG. 2 is a diagram illustrating a configuration of the heating / cooling system 70.
As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the heating / cooling system 70 includes a compressor 71, a radiator (indoor heat exchanger) 72, a first three-way valve (electromagnetic valve) 73, and a first electronic expansion. A valve (pressure reducer) 74, a heat absorber (outdoor heat exchanger) 75, a second three-way valve (electromagnetic valve) 76, a second electronic expansion valve 77, a first evaporator 78, a capillary tube 79, And a second evaporator 80, which are connected by a refrigerant pipe 90 through which the refrigerant flows. The capillary tube 79 may be replaced with an orifice, an expansion valve, or the like.
加温／冷却システム７０の冷媒配管９０は、第１冷媒配管９１〜第９冷媒配管９９によって構成されている。 The refrigerant pipe 90 of the heating / cooling system 70 is constituted by first to ninth refrigerant pipes 99 to 99.
第１冷媒配管９１は、圧縮機７１の出口部７１ｂと放熱器７２の入口部７２ａとを接続している。第２冷媒配管９２は、放熱器７２の出口部７２ｂと第１三方弁７３の入口部７３ａとを接続している。第３冷媒配管９３は、第１三方弁７３の一方の出口部７３ｂと吸熱器７５の入口部７５ａとを接続している。第３冷媒配管９３には、第１電子膨張弁７４が配設されている。第４冷媒配管９４は、吸熱器７５の出口部７５ｂと圧縮機７１の入口部７１ａとを接続している。 The first refrigerant pipe 91 connects the outlet portion 71 b of the compressor 71 and the inlet portion 72 a of the radiator 72. The second refrigerant pipe 92 connects the outlet part 72 b of the radiator 72 and the inlet part 73 a of the first three-way valve 73. The third refrigerant pipe 93 connects one outlet part 73 b of the first three-way valve 73 and the inlet part 75 a of the heat absorber 75. A first electronic expansion valve 74 is disposed in the third refrigerant pipe 93. The fourth refrigerant pipe 94 connects the outlet part 75 b of the heat absorber 75 and the inlet part 71 a of the compressor 71.
第５冷媒配管９５は、第１三方弁７３の他方の出口部７３ｃと第２三方弁７６の入口部７６ａとを接続している。第６冷媒配管９６は、第２三方弁７６の一方の出口部７６ｂと第１蒸発器７８の入口部７８ａとを接続している。第６冷媒配管９６には、第２電子膨張弁７７が配設されている。第７冷媒配管９７は、第１蒸発器７８の出口部７８ｂと第２蒸発器８０の入口部８０ａとを接続している。第８冷媒配管９８は、第２蒸発器８０の出口部８０ｂと、第３冷媒配管９３における第１電子膨張弁７４と吸熱器７５との間の所定部位（接続部Ｃ１）とを接続している。第９冷媒配管９９は、第２三方弁７６の他方の出口部７６ｃと、第７冷媒配管９７の所定部位（接続部Ｃ２）とを接続している。第９冷媒配管９９には、キャピラリーチューブ７９が配設されている。 The fifth refrigerant pipe 95 connects the other outlet portion 73 c of the first three-way valve 73 and the inlet portion 76 a of the second three-way valve 76. The sixth refrigerant pipe 96 connects one outlet part 76 b of the second three-way valve 76 and the inlet part 78 a of the first evaporator 78. A second electronic expansion valve 77 is disposed in the sixth refrigerant pipe 96. The seventh refrigerant pipe 97 connects the outlet part 78 b of the first evaporator 78 and the inlet part 80 a of the second evaporator 80. The eighth refrigerant pipe 98 connects the outlet portion 80b of the second evaporator 80 and a predetermined portion (connection portion C1) between the first electronic expansion valve 74 and the heat absorber 75 in the third refrigerant pipe 93. Yes. The ninth refrigerant pipe 99 connects the other outlet part 76c of the second three-way valve 76 and a predetermined part (connecting part C2) of the seventh refrigerant pipe 97. A capillary tube 79 is disposed in the ninth refrigerant pipe 99.
圧縮機７１は、冷媒配管９０を流れる冷媒を圧縮して吐出する。本実施形態において、圧縮機７１は、インバータ式の圧縮機で構成されており、第１商品収納室１１内に配置されている。 The compressor 71 compresses and discharges the refrigerant flowing through the refrigerant pipe 90. In the present embodiment, the compressor 71 is configured by an inverter type compressor, and is disposed in the first product storage chamber 11.
放熱器７２は、第１商品収納室１１内に配置されている。放熱器７２は、圧縮機７１から吐出された冷媒と、第１商品収納室１１内の空気とを熱交換させて第１商品収納室１１を加温する。第１商品収納室１１内には、第１商品収納室１１内の空気を放熱器７２に向けて送風する放熱器用送風機８１が設けられている。 The radiator 72 is disposed in the first product storage chamber 11. The radiator 72 heats the first product storage chamber 11 by exchanging heat between the refrigerant discharged from the compressor 71 and the air in the first product storage chamber 11. A radiator blower 81 that blows air in the first product storage chamber 11 toward the radiator 72 is provided in the first product storage chamber 11.
第１三方弁７３は、入口部７３ａと二つの出口部７３ｂ、７３ｃのいずれか一方とを選択的に連通させる。本実施形態において、第１三方弁７３は、後述するように、第１商品収納室１１の加温のみを行う場合には入口部７３ａと一方の出口部７３ｂと連通させ、第１商品収納室１１を加温すると共に第２商品収納室１２及び／又は第３商品収納室１３を冷却する場合には入口部７３ａと他方の出口部７３ｃとを連通させるように制御される。 The first three-way valve 73 selectively communicates the inlet portion 73a with one of the two outlet portions 73b and 73c. In the present embodiment, as will be described later, the first three-way valve 73 communicates with the inlet portion 73a and the one outlet portion 73b when only the first product storage chamber 11 is heated. 11 is heated and the second product storage chamber 12 and / or the third product storage chamber 13 is cooled, the inlet 73a and the other outlet 73c are controlled to communicate with each other.
第１電子膨張弁７４は、放熱器７２から流出して第３冷媒配管９３を流れる冷媒を減圧する。具体的には、第１電子膨張弁７４は、第１商品収納室１１の加温のみを行う場合、すなわち、入口部７３ａと一方の出口部７３ｂとを連通させるように第１三方弁７３が制御された場合に、放熱器７２から流出して第１三方弁７３を介して第３冷媒配管９３に流入した冷媒を減圧する。 The first electronic expansion valve 74 decompresses the refrigerant that flows out of the radiator 72 and flows through the third refrigerant pipe 93. Specifically, the first three-way valve 73 is used when only the first product storage chamber 11 is heated, that is, the first three-way valve 73 communicates the inlet 73a and the one outlet 73b. When controlled, the refrigerant flowing out of the radiator 72 and flowing into the third refrigerant pipe 93 via the first three-way valve 73 is decompressed.
吸熱器７５は、商品収納庫１０の外部に配置されている。吸熱器７５は、自身を通過する冷媒と外気との間で熱交換を行わせ、これによって、自身を通過する冷媒に外気の熱を吸収させる。吸熱器７５の近傍には、外気を吸熱器７５に向けて送風する吸熱器用送風機８２が設けられている。 The heat absorber 75 is disposed outside the commodity storage 10. The heat absorber 75 exchanges heat between the refrigerant passing through itself and the outside air, thereby causing the refrigerant passing through itself to absorb the heat of the outside air. In the vicinity of the heat absorber 75, a heat absorber blower 82 that blows outside air toward the heat absorber 75 is provided.
第２三方弁７６は、入口部７６ａと二つの出口部７６ｂ、７６ｃのいずれか一方とを選択的に連通させる。本実施形態において、第２三方弁７６は、後述するように、第２商品収納室１２を冷却する場合には入口部７６ａと一方の出口部７６ｂとを連通させるように制御され、第３商品収納室１３の冷却を行う場合には入口部７６ａと他方の出口部７６ｃとを連通させるように制御される。 The second three-way valve 76 selectively communicates the inlet portion 76a and one of the two outlet portions 76b and 76c. In the present embodiment, as will be described later, the second three-way valve 76 is controlled so that the inlet portion 76a and one outlet portion 76b communicate with each other when the second product storage chamber 12 is cooled. When cooling the storage chamber 13, the inlet portion 76 a and the other outlet portion 76 c are controlled to communicate with each other.
第２電子膨張弁７７は、放熱器７２から流出して第６冷媒配管９６を流れる冷媒を減圧する。具体的には、第２電子膨張弁７７は、第１商品収納室１１を加温すると共に第２商品収納室１２を冷却する場合、すなわち、入口部７３ａと他方の出口部７３ｃとを連通させるように第１三方弁７３が制御され、かつ、入口部７６ａと一方の出口部７６ｂとを連通させるように第２三方弁７６が制御された場合に、放熱器７２から流出して第１三方弁７３及び第２三方弁７６を介して第６冷媒配管９６に流入した冷媒を減圧する。 The second electronic expansion valve 77 decompresses the refrigerant that flows out of the radiator 72 and flows through the sixth refrigerant pipe 96. Specifically, the second electronic expansion valve 77 heats the first product storage chamber 11 and cools the second product storage chamber 12, that is, connects the inlet 73a and the other outlet 73c. When the first three-way valve 73 is controlled and the second three-way valve 76 is controlled so that the inlet portion 76a and one outlet portion 76b communicate with each other, the first three-way valve flows out of the radiator 72. The refrigerant flowing into the sixth refrigerant pipe 96 through the valve 73 and the second three-way valve 76 is decompressed.
第１蒸発器７８は、第２商品収納室１２内に配置されている。第１蒸発器７８は、第２電子膨張弁７７によって減圧された冷媒と第２商品収納室１２内の空気とを熱交換させ、これによって、前記減圧された冷媒を膨張（蒸発）させると共に第２商品収納室１２内を冷却する。第２商品収納室１２内には、第２商品収納室１２内の空気を第１蒸発器７８に向けて送風する第１蒸発器用送風機８３が設けられている。 The first evaporator 78 is disposed in the second product storage chamber 12. The first evaporator 78 exchanges heat between the refrigerant decompressed by the second electronic expansion valve 77 and the air in the second product storage chamber 12, thereby expanding (evaporating) the decompressed refrigerant. 2 The inside of the product storage chamber 12 is cooled. In the second product storage chamber 12, a first evaporator blower 83 that blows the air in the second product storage chamber 12 toward the first evaporator 78 is provided.
キャピラリーチューブ７９は、第９冷媒配管９９を流れる冷媒を減圧する。具体的にはキャピラリーチューブ７９は、第１商品収納室１１を加温すると共に第３商品収納室１３を冷却する場合、すなわち、入口部７３ａと他方の出口部７３ｃとを連通させるように第１三方弁７３が制御され、かつ、入口部７６ａと他方の出口部７６ｃとを連通させるように第２三方弁７６が制御された場合に、放熱器７２から流出して第１三方弁７３及び第２三方弁７６を介して第９冷媒配管９９に流入した冷媒を減圧する。 The capillary tube 79 decompresses the refrigerant flowing through the ninth refrigerant pipe 99. Specifically, the capillary tube 79 heats the first product storage chamber 11 and cools the third product storage chamber 13, that is, the first outlet 73a communicates with the other outlet 73c. When the three-way valve 73 is controlled and the second three-way valve 76 is controlled so as to communicate the inlet portion 76a and the other outlet portion 76c, the first three-way valve 73 and the first The pressure of the refrigerant flowing into the ninth refrigerant pipe 99 through the two-way valve 76 is reduced.
第２蒸発器８０は、第３商品収納室１３内に配置されている。第２蒸発器８０は、主にキャピラリーチューブ７９によって減圧された冷媒と第３商品収納室１３内の空気とを熱交換させ、これによって、前記減圧された冷媒を膨張（蒸発）させると共に第３商品収納室１３内を冷却する。第３商品収納室１３内には、第３商品収納室１３内の空気を第２蒸発器８０に向けて送風する第２蒸発器用送風機８４が設けられている。 The second evaporator 80 is disposed in the third product storage chamber 13. The second evaporator 80 mainly exchanges heat between the refrigerant decompressed by the capillary tube 79 and the air in the third product storage chamber 13, thereby expanding (evaporating) the decompressed refrigerant and The inside of the product storage chamber 13 is cooled. In the third product storage chamber 13, a second evaporator blower 84 that blows air in the third product storage chamber 13 toward the second evaporator 80 is provided.
また、本実施形態において、加温／冷却システム７０は、さらに内部熱交換器８５を有している。内部熱交換器８５は、第２冷媒配管９２を流れる冷媒（すなわち、放熱器７２から流出した冷媒）と、第４冷媒配管９４を流れる冷媒（すなわち、吸熱器７５から流出した冷媒）とを熱交換させるように構成されている。 In the present embodiment, the heating / cooling system 70 further includes an internal heat exchanger 85. The internal heat exchanger 85 heats the refrigerant flowing through the second refrigerant pipe 92 (that is, the refrigerant that has flowed out of the radiator 72) and the refrigerant flowing through the fourth refrigerant pipe 94 (that is, the refrigerant that has flowed out of the heat absorber 75). It is configured to be exchanged.
図３は、加温／冷却システム７０の制御系構成を示す図である。
図３に示されるように、加温／冷却システム７０の制御部１００には、各種センサの検出信号や設定信号などが入力される。そして、制御部１００は、前記各種センサの検出信号及び前記設定信号に基づいて加温／冷却システム７０の動作を制御する。具体的には、制御部１００は、圧縮機７１、第１三方弁７３、第１電子膨張弁７４、第２三方弁７６、第２電子膨張弁７７、放熱器用送風機８１、吸熱器用送風機８２、第１蒸発器用送風機８３及び第２蒸発器用送風機８４などを適宜制御する。
FIG. 3 is a diagram showing a control system configuration of the heating / cooling system 70.
As shown in FIG. 3, detection signals and setting signals of various sensors are input to the control unit 100 of the heating / cooling system 70. Then, the control unit 100 controls the operation of the heating / cooling system 70 based on the detection signals of the various sensors and the setting signals. Specifically, the control unit 100 includes a compressor 71, a first three-way valve 73, a first electronic expansion valve 74, a second three-way valve 76, a second electronic expansion valve 77, a radiator fan 81, a heat absorber fan 82, The first evaporator blower 83, the second evaporator blower 84, and the like are appropriately controlled.
なお、前記各種センサは、外気温度を検出する外気温度センサ６１、外気湿度を検出する外気湿度センサ６２、第１商品収納室１１の室温を検出する第１室温センサ６３、第２商品収納室１２の室温を検出する第２室温センサ６４、第３商品収納室１３の室温を検出する第３室温センサ６５、圧縮機７１の吐出冷媒の温度を検出する吐出温度センサ１０１、圧縮機７１の吐出冷媒の圧力を検出する吐出圧力センサ１０２、第２冷媒配管９２における内部熱交換器８５の出口側の冷媒温度を検出する出口温度センサ１０３、吸熱器７５の入口側の冷媒温度を検出する第２入口温度センサ１０４、第１蒸発器７８の入口側の冷媒温度を検出する第１入口温度センサ１０５などを含む。 The various sensors include an outside air temperature sensor 61 that detects the outside air temperature, an outside air humidity sensor 62 that detects the outside air humidity, a first room temperature sensor 63 that detects the room temperature of the first product storage chamber 11, and a second product storage chamber 12. A second room temperature sensor 64 for detecting the room temperature of the product, a third room temperature sensor 65 for detecting the room temperature of the third product storage chamber 13, a discharge temperature sensor 101 for detecting the temperature of the refrigerant discharged from the compressor 71, and a refrigerant discharged from the compressor 71 A discharge pressure sensor 102 for detecting the pressure of the refrigerant, an outlet temperature sensor 103 for detecting the refrigerant temperature on the outlet side of the internal heat exchanger 85 in the second refrigerant pipe 92, and a second inlet for detecting the refrigerant temperature on the inlet side of the heat absorber 75. A temperature sensor 104, a first inlet temperature sensor 105 that detects the refrigerant temperature on the inlet side of the first evaporator 78, and the like are included.
また、前記設定信号は、主に自動販売機１の運転モードを設定するモード設定信号である。本実施形態において、前記運転モードは、第１商品収納室１１の加温のみを行う「Ｈｘｘ」モード、第１商品収納室１１の加温と第２及び第３商品収納室の冷却とを行う「ＨＣＣ」モード、第１商品収納室１１の加温と第２商品収納室の冷却とを行う「ＨＣｘ」モード、及び、第１商品収納室１１の加温と第３商品収納室の冷却を行う「ＨｘＣ」モードを含む。 The setting signal is a mode setting signal for mainly setting the operation mode of the vending machine 1. In the present embodiment, the operation mode is an “Hxx” mode in which only the first product storage chamber 11 is heated, and the first product storage chamber 11 is heated and the second and third product storage chambers are cooled. “HCC” mode, “HCx” mode for heating the first product storage chamber 11 and cooling the second product storage chamber, and heating the first product storage chamber 11 and cooling the third product storage chamber Includes “HxC” mode to perform.
次に、加温／冷却システム７０の動作を説明する。 Next, the operation of the heating / cooling system 70 will be described.
自動販売機１が前記「Ｈｘｘ」モードで運転される場合、制御部１００は、第１商品収納室１１の室温を検出し、検出した第１商品収納室１１の室温と設定加温温度とを比較する。前記設定加温温度は、第１商品収納室１１が前記加温室として機能する場合に保持されるべき室温の範囲である。そして、検出した第１商品収納室１１の室温が前記設定加温温度よりも低下している場合、第１商品収納室１１を加温するように加温／冷却システム７０を動作させる。 When the vending machine 1 is operated in the “Hxx” mode, the control unit 100 detects the room temperature of the first product storage chamber 11 and determines the detected room temperature of the first product storage chamber 11 and the set heating temperature. Compare. The set warming temperature is a range of room temperature to be maintained when the first commodity storage chamber 11 functions as the warming chamber. Then, when the detected room temperature of the first product storage chamber 11 is lower than the set heating temperature, the heating / cooling system 70 is operated so as to heat the first product storage chamber 11.
具体的には、制御部１００は、入口部７３ａと一方の出口部７３ｂとを連通させるように第１三方弁７３を制御し、その上で、圧縮機７１、第１電子膨張弁７４、放熱器用送風機８１及び吸熱器用送風機８２を動作させる。これにより、図４に示されるように、冷媒が圧縮機７１、放熱器７２、第１電子膨張弁７４及び吸熱器７５に順に流れて第１商品収納室１１が加温される。 Specifically, the control unit 100 controls the first three-way valve 73 so that the inlet portion 73a and one outlet portion 73b communicate with each other, and then the compressor 71, the first electronic expansion valve 74, the heat dissipation. The air blower 81 and the heat absorber blower 82 are operated. Thereby, as FIG. 4 shows, a refrigerant | coolant flows in order to the compressor 71, the heat radiator 72, the 1st electronic expansion valve 74, and the heat absorber 75, and the 1st goods storage chamber 11 is heated.
自動販売機１が前記「ＨＣＣ」モードで運転される場合、制御部１００は、第１商品収納室１１の室温を検出し、検出した第１商品収納室１１の室温と前記設定加温温度とを比較する。また、第２商品収納室１２の室温及び第３商品収納室１３の室温を検出し、検出した各室温と設定冷却温度を比較する。前記設定冷却温度は、第２、第３商品収納室１２、１３が前記冷却室として機能する場合に保持されるべき室温の範囲である。そして、制御部１００は、検出した第１商品収納室１１の室温が前記設定加温温度よりも低下しており、かつ、第２商品収納室１２の室温及び第３商品収納室１３の室温が前記設定冷却温度の（上限値）を超えていない場合、上述の「Ｈｘｘ」モードと同様に加温／冷却システム７０を動作させる。一方、制御部１００は、検出した第１商品収納室１１の室温が前記設定加温温度よりも低下しており、かつ、第２商品収納室１２の室温及び第３商品収納室１３の室温の少なくとも一方が前記設定冷却温度（の上限値）を超えている場合、第１商品収納室１１を加温すると共に第２商品収納室１２及び第３商品収納室１３の少なくとも一方を冷却するように加温／冷却システム７０を動作させる。 When the vending machine 1 is operated in the “HCC” mode, the control unit 100 detects the room temperature of the first product storage chamber 11, and detects the detected room temperature of the first product storage chamber 11 and the set heating temperature. Compare Moreover, the room temperature of the 2nd goods storage chamber 12 and the room temperature of the 3rd goods storage chamber 13 are detected, and each detected room temperature is compared with preset cooling temperature. The set cooling temperature is a range of room temperature to be maintained when the second and third product storage chambers 12 and 13 function as the cooling chamber. Then, the controller 100 detects that the detected room temperature of the first product storage room 11 is lower than the set heating temperature, and that the room temperature of the second product storage room 12 and the room temperature of the third product storage room 13 are If the upper limit value of the preset cooling temperature is not exceeded, the heating / cooling system 70 is operated in the same manner as in the “Hxx” mode. On the other hand, the control unit 100 determines that the detected room temperature of the first product storage chamber 11 is lower than the set heating temperature, and the room temperature of the second product storage chamber 12 and the room temperature of the third product storage chamber 13 are the same. When at least one exceeds the set cooling temperature (upper limit value), the first product storage chamber 11 is heated and at least one of the second product storage chamber 12 and the third product storage chamber 13 is cooled. The heating / cooling system 70 is operated.
具体的には、第２商品収納室１２の室温が前記設定冷却温度（の上限値）を超えている場合、制御部１００は、入口部７３ａと他方の出口部７３ｃとを連通させるように第１三方弁７３を制御し、入口部７６ａと一方の出口部７６ｂとを連通させるように第２三方弁７６を制御し、その上で、圧縮機７１、第２電子膨張弁７７、放熱器用送風機８１、吸熱器用送風機８２及び第１蒸発器用送風機８３を動作させる。これにより、図５に示されるように、冷媒が圧縮機７１、放熱器７２、第２電子膨張弁７７、第１蒸発器７８、第２蒸発器８０及び吸熱器７５の順に流れて第１商品収納室１１が加温されると共に第２商品収納室１２が冷却される。なお、第２商品収納室１２の室温及び第３商品収納室１３の室温が前記設定冷却温度（の上限値）を超えている場合、制御部１００は、第２蒸発器用送風機８４をさらに動作させて第３商品収納室１３の冷却を行うこともできる。 Specifically, when the room temperature of the second product storage chamber 12 exceeds the set cooling temperature (the upper limit value thereof), the control unit 100 sets the inlet 73a and the other outlet 73c to communicate with each other. The first three-way valve 73 is controlled, and the second three-way valve 76 is controlled so that the inlet portion 76a and one outlet portion 76b communicate with each other. Then, the compressor 71, the second electronic expansion valve 77, and the radiator fan 81, the heat absorber blower 82 and the first evaporator blower 83 are operated. Accordingly, as shown in FIG. 5, the refrigerant flows in the order of the compressor 71, the radiator 72, the second electronic expansion valve 77, the first evaporator 78, the second evaporator 80, and the heat absorber 75, in order. The storage chamber 11 is heated and the second product storage chamber 12 is cooled. When the room temperature of the second product storage chamber 12 and the room temperature of the third product storage chamber 13 exceed the set cooling temperature (the upper limit value thereof), the control unit 100 further operates the blower 84 for the second evaporator. The third product storage chamber 13 can also be cooled.
また、第３商品収納室１３の室温が前記設定冷却温度（の上限値）を超えている場合、制御部１００は、入口部７３ａと他方の出口部７３ｃとを連通させるように第１三方弁７３を制御し、入口部７６ａと他方の出口部７６ｃとを連通させるように第２三方弁７６を制御し、その上で、圧縮機７１、放熱器用送風機８１、吸熱器用送風機８２及び第２蒸発器用送風機８４を動作させる。これにより、図６に示されるように、冷媒が圧縮機７１、放熱器７２、キャピラリーチューブ７９、第２蒸発器８０及び吸熱器７５の順に流れて第１商品収納室１１が加温されると共に第３商品収納室１３が冷却される。 Moreover, when the room temperature of the 3rd goods storage chamber 13 exceeds the said setting cooling temperature (the upper limit), the control part 100 is the 1st three-way valve so that the inlet part 73a and the other outlet part 73c may be connected. 73, the second three-way valve 76 is controlled so that the inlet portion 76a and the other outlet portion 76c communicate with each other, and then the compressor 71, the radiator fan 81, the heat absorber fan 82, and the second evaporation The blower 84 for equipment is operated. As a result, as shown in FIG. 6, the refrigerant flows in the order of the compressor 71, the radiator 72, the capillary tube 79, the second evaporator 80, and the heat absorber 75 to heat the first product storage chamber 11. The third product storage chamber 13 is cooled.
そして、制御部１００は、第１商品収納室１１の室温が前記設定加温温度まで上昇すると、加温／冷却システム７０を停止させる。すなわち、制御部１００は、圧縮機７１、放熱器用送風機８１、吸熱器用送風機８２、第１蒸発器用送風機８３及び第２蒸発器用送風機８４を停止させる（加温／冷却システム７０の動作を停止させる）。なお、第２商品収納室１２及び／又は第３商品収納室１３は、必要に応じて、冷却システム３０によって冷却され得る。 And the control part 100 will stop the heating / cooling system 70, if the room temperature of the 1st goods storage chamber 11 rises to the said setting heating temperature. That is, the control unit 100 stops the compressor 71, the radiator fan 81, the heat absorber fan 82, the first evaporator fan 83, and the second evaporator fan 84 (stops the operation of the heating / cooling system 70). . In addition, the 2nd goods storage chamber 12 and / or the 3rd goods storage chamber 13 can be cooled by the cooling system 30 as needed.
また、制御部１００は、自動販売機１が前記「ＨＣｘ」モードで運転される場合、第１商品収納室１１の室温と前記設定加温温度との比較結果及び第２商品収納室１２の室温と前記設定冷却温度との比較結果に基づいて加温／冷却システム７０を動作させ、自動販売機１が前記「ＨｘＣ」モードで運転される場合、第１商品収納室１１の室温と前記設定加温温度との比較結果及び第３商品収納室１３の室温と前記設定冷却温度との比較結果に基づいて加温／冷却システム７０を動作させる。 In addition, when the vending machine 1 is operated in the “HCx” mode, the control unit 100 compares the room temperature of the first product storage chamber 11 with the set heating temperature and the room temperature of the second product storage chamber 12. When the vending machine 1 is operated in the “HxC” mode by operating the heating / cooling system 70 based on the comparison result between the first product storage chamber 11 and the set cooling temperature, the heating / cooling system 70 is operated. The heating / cooling system 70 is operated based on the comparison result with the temperature and the comparison result between the room temperature of the third product storage chamber 13 and the set cooling temperature.
次に、制御部１００によって実行される圧縮機７１、第１電子膨張弁７４及び第２電子膨張弁７７の制御について具体的に説明する。 Next, the control of the compressor 71, the first electronic expansion valve 74, and the second electronic expansion valve 77 executed by the control unit 100 will be specifically described.
［圧縮機７１の制御］
図７は、制御部１００によって実行される圧縮機７１の制御の一例を示すフローチャートである。図７に示されるように、制御部１００は、第１商品収納室１１の室温Ｔ１が第１所定温度Ｔｔｈ１よりも低下すると（ステップＳ１：ＹＥＳ）、圧縮機７１を起動し（ステップＳ２）、圧縮機７１を第１回転数で動作させる（ステップＳ３）。前記第１所定温度Ｔｔｈ１は、前記設定加温温度の下限値であり、前記第１回転数は、圧縮機７１の回転数の上限値（最大回転数）又はその近傍の回転数である。
[Control of compressor 71]
FIG. 7 is a flowchart showing an example of control of the compressor 71 executed by the control unit 100. As shown in FIG. 7, when the room temperature T1 of the first product storage chamber 11 is lower than the first predetermined temperature Tth1 (step S1: YES), the control unit 100 starts the compressor 71 (step S2). The compressor 71 is operated at the first rotational speed (step S3). The first predetermined temperature Tth1 is a lower limit value of the set heating temperature, and the first rotation speed is an upper limit value (maximum rotation speed) of the rotation speed of the compressor 71 or a rotation speed in the vicinity thereof.
制御部１００は、圧縮機７１の吐出冷媒の圧力Ｐｄを監視し、圧縮機７１の吐出冷媒の圧力Ｐｄが所定圧力Ｐｄｔｈに到達すると（ステップＳ４：ＹＥＳ）、圧縮機７１を前記第１回転数よりも低い第２回転数で動作させる（ステップＳ５）。すなわち、制御部１００は、圧縮機７１の回転数を低下させる。前記所定圧力Ｐｄｔｈは、圧縮機７１の吐出冷媒の最大圧力Ｐｄｍａｘよりも低い圧力であり、例えば、前記最大圧力Ｐｄｍａｘの８０〜９０％の圧力であり得る。また、前記第２回転数は、前記第１回転数の６０〜８０％の回転数であり、好ましくは、圧縮機７１の最高効率回転数又はその近傍の回転数である。 The control unit 100 monitors the pressure Pd of the refrigerant discharged from the compressor 71. When the pressure Pd of the refrigerant discharged from the compressor 71 reaches a predetermined pressure Pdth (step S4: YES), the control unit 100 turns the compressor 71 to the first rotation speed. It is made to operate at a lower second rotational speed (step S5). That is, the control unit 100 reduces the rotational speed of the compressor 71. The predetermined pressure Pdth is lower than the maximum pressure Pdmax of the refrigerant discharged from the compressor 71, and may be, for example, 80 to 90% of the maximum pressure Pdmax. Further, the second rotational speed is 60 to 80% of the first rotational speed, and is preferably the highest efficient rotational speed of the compressor 71 or a rotational speed in the vicinity thereof.
圧縮機７１の吐出冷媒の圧力が前記最大圧力Ｐｄｍａｘに到達したときに圧縮機７１の回転数を低下させるようにした場合、圧縮機７１の吐出冷媒の圧力Ｐｄが前記最大圧力Ｐｄｍａｘを超えてしまう（すなわち、オーバーシュートする）おそれがある。このような圧縮機７１の吐出冷媒の圧力Ｐｄのオーバーシュートは、圧縮機７１の負荷増大及びこれに伴う消費電力量の増大を招くため好ましくない。そこで、本実施形態では、圧縮機７１の吐出冷媒の圧力Ｐｄが前記最大圧力Ｐｄｍａｘよりも低い前記所定圧力Ｐｄｔｈに到達したときに圧縮機７１の回転数を低下させ、これにより、圧縮機７１の吐出冷媒の圧力のオーバーシュートを防止している。 When the rotation speed of the compressor 71 is decreased when the pressure of the refrigerant discharged from the compressor 71 reaches the maximum pressure Pdmax, the pressure Pd of the refrigerant discharged from the compressor 71 exceeds the maximum pressure Pdmax. (Ie, overshoot). Such an overshoot of the pressure Pd of the refrigerant discharged from the compressor 71 is not preferable because it causes an increase in the load on the compressor 71 and an accompanying increase in power consumption. Therefore, in the present embodiment, when the pressure Pd of the refrigerant discharged from the compressor 71 reaches the predetermined pressure Pdth that is lower than the maximum pressure Pdmax, the rotational speed of the compressor 71 is decreased, and thereby the compressor 71 This prevents overshooting of the discharge refrigerant pressure.
そして、制御部１００は、第１商品収納室１１の室温が第２所定温度Ｔｔｈ２まで上昇すると（ステップＳ６：ＹＥＳ）、圧縮機７１を停止させる（ステップＳ７）。前記第２所定温度Ｔｔｈ２は、前記第１所定温度Ｔｔｈ１（すなわち、前記設定加温温度の下限値）よりも高く、かつ、前記設定加温温度の上限値よりも低い温度である。 And the control part 100 will stop the compressor 71, if the room temperature of the 1st goods storage chamber 11 rises to 2nd predetermined temperature Tth2 (step S6: YES) (step S7). The second predetermined temperature Tth2 is higher than the first predetermined temperature Tth1 (that is, the lower limit value of the set warming temperature) and lower than the upper limit value of the set warming temperature.
本実施形態においては、圧縮機７１が第１商品収納室１１内に配置されており、圧縮機７１の停止後も圧縮機７１自体の熱によって第１商品収納室１１内が加温され得る。このため、第１商品収納室１１の室温Ｔ１が前記設定加温温度の上限値まで上昇したときに圧縮機７１を停止させるようにすると、第１商品収納室１１の室温Ｔ１が前記設定加温温度の上限値を超えてしまうおそれがある。このことは、第１商品収納室１１を過剰に加温することを意味し、その分の消費電力量が無駄になると言える。そこで、本実施形態において、制御部１００は、第１商品収納室１１の室温Ｔ１が前記設定加温温度の上限値よりも低い前記第２所定温度Ｔｔｈ２まで上昇したときに圧縮機７１を停止させるようにしている。換言すれば、制御部１００は、圧縮機７１の停止後に第１商品収納室１１の室温が前記設定加温温度の上限値を超えないように圧縮機７１を停止させている。 In this embodiment, the compressor 71 is arrange | positioned in the 1st goods storage chamber 11, Even after the compressor 71 stops, the inside of the 1st goods storage chamber 11 can be heated with the heat of the compressor 71 itself. For this reason, if the compressor 71 is stopped when the room temperature T1 of the first product storage chamber 11 rises to the upper limit value of the set heating temperature, the room temperature T1 of the first product storage chamber 11 is set to the set heating temperature. The upper limit of temperature may be exceeded. This means that the first product storage chamber 11 is excessively heated, and it can be said that the amount of power consumption corresponding to that is wasted. Therefore, in the present embodiment, the control unit 100 stops the compressor 71 when the room temperature T1 of the first product storage chamber 11 rises to the second predetermined temperature Tth2 that is lower than the upper limit value of the set heating temperature. I am doing so. In other words, the control unit 100 stops the compressor 71 so that the room temperature of the first product storage chamber 11 does not exceed the upper limit value of the set heating temperature after the compressor 71 is stopped.
なお、圧縮機７１の起動後に圧縮機７１を最大回転数で動作させ、その後、圧縮機７１の吐出冷媒の圧力が最大圧力の約８５％の圧力に到達したときに圧縮機７１を最高効率回転数の近傍で動作させた場合（実施例）の年間消費電力量と、圧縮機７１の起動後に圧縮機７１を最高効率回転数（すなわち、一定の回転数）で動作させた場合（比較例）の年間消費電力量とをシミュレーションによって比較したところ、実施例は、比較例に比べて、年間消費電力量が１．５〜４％程度少ないことが確認された。 In addition, after starting the compressor 71, the compressor 71 is operated at the maximum rotation speed, and then the compressor 71 is rotated at the highest efficiency when the pressure of the refrigerant discharged from the compressor 71 reaches about 85% of the maximum pressure. When the compressor 71 is operated at the highest efficiency rotational speed (that is, a constant rotational speed) after starting the compressor 71 (comparative example) As a result of comparison with the annual power consumption by simulation, it was confirmed that the power consumption of the example was about 1.5 to 4% less than that of the comparative example.
［第１電子膨張弁７４、第２電子膨張弁７７の制御］
図８は、第１商品収納室１１の加温のみが行われる場合に、制御部１００によって実行される第１電子膨張弁７４の制御の一例を示すフローチャートである。このフローチャートは、圧縮機７１の起動と同時に開始される。なお、第１商品収納室１１の加温と第２商品収納室１２の冷却とが行われる場合においては、以下の説明における第１電子膨張弁７４が第２電子膨張弁７７に置換される。
[Control of first electronic expansion valve 74 and second electronic expansion valve 77]
FIG. 8 is a flowchart showing an example of the control of the first electronic expansion valve 74 executed by the control unit 100 when only the first product storage chamber 11 is heated. This flowchart is started simultaneously with the start of the compressor 71. Note that when the first product storage chamber 11 is heated and the second product storage chamber 12 is cooled, the first electronic expansion valve 74 in the following description is replaced with the second electronic expansion valve 77.
図８に示されるように、制御部１００は、圧縮機７１の起動時に、まず第１電子膨張弁７４を均圧開度まで開き（ステップＳ１１）、その後、速やかに第１電子膨張弁７４を最小開度（全閉状態を含む）まで閉じる（ステップＳ１２）。前記均圧開度は、圧縮機７１の入口側圧力と出口側圧力との均圧化が可能な開度であればよく、特に制限されないが、本実施形態においては、第１電子膨張弁７４の最大開度又はそれに近い開度としている。 As shown in FIG. 8, when the compressor 71 is started, the control unit 100 first opens the first electronic expansion valve 74 to a pressure equalizing opening (step S11), and then quickly opens the first electronic expansion valve 74. Close to the minimum opening (including the fully closed state) (step S12). The pressure equalizing opening is not particularly limited as long as it is an opening capable of equalizing the inlet side pressure and the outlet side pressure of the compressor 71. In the present embodiment, the first electronic expansion valve 74 is not limited. The maximum opening or the opening close thereto.
圧縮機７１の起動直後においては、圧縮機７１の吐出冷媒の温度、すなわち、放熱器７２に流入する冷媒の温度が低く、また、第１商品収納室１１の室温よりもそこに収納されている商品の温度の方が高い場合が多い。このため、圧縮機７１の起動直後においては、放熱器用送風機８１による送風によって第１商品収納室１１に収納されている前記商品の温度が低下してしまい、その結果、加温／冷却システム７０の動作時間が増加するなど消費電力量の増加を招くおそれがある。そこで、本実施形態においては、前記均圧開度を第１電子膨張弁７４の最大開度又はそれに近い開度とすることによって前記均圧化に要する時間を短縮すると共に、前記均圧化の後に第１電子膨張弁７４の開度を前記最小開度まで閉じることによって圧縮機７１の吐出冷媒の温度及び圧力の立ち上がりを早め、これによって、上述のような商品が冷却されてしまう時間を短縮して消費電力量の増加を抑制している。 Immediately after the start of the compressor 71, the temperature of the refrigerant discharged from the compressor 71, that is, the temperature of the refrigerant flowing into the radiator 72 is low, and is stored therein at a temperature lower than the room temperature of the first product storage chamber 11. The product temperature is often higher. For this reason, immediately after the start-up of the compressor 71, the temperature of the product stored in the first product storage chamber 11 is lowered by the air blow from the radiator blower 81, and as a result, the heating / cooling system 70 There is a risk of increasing power consumption, such as an increase in operating time. Therefore, in this embodiment, the pressure equalization opening is set to the maximum opening of the first electronic expansion valve 74 or an opening close thereto, thereby reducing the time required for the pressure equalization and the pressure equalization. Later, by closing the opening of the first electronic expansion valve 74 to the minimum opening, the rise in the temperature and pressure of the refrigerant discharged from the compressor 71 is accelerated, thereby shortening the time during which the product is cooled. Therefore, an increase in power consumption is suppressed.
そして、制御部１００は、圧縮機７１の吐出冷媒の圧力Ｐｄが前記所定圧力Ｐｄｔｈに到達すると（ステップＳ１３：ＹＥＳ）、第１電子膨張弁７４を前記最小開度よりも大きい開度に開いて第１電子膨張弁７４の通常制御に移行する（ステップＳ１４）。 Then, when the pressure Pd of the refrigerant discharged from the compressor 71 reaches the predetermined pressure Pdth (step S13: YES), the control unit 100 opens the first electronic expansion valve 74 to an opening larger than the minimum opening. The routine proceeds to normal control of the first electronic expansion valve 74 (step S14).
なお、このように圧縮機７１の吐出冷媒の圧力Ｐｄが前記最大圧力よりも低い前記所定圧力Ｐｄｔｈに到達したときに第１電子膨張弁７４を前記最小開度よりも大きい開度に開くのは、圧縮機７１の制御の場合と同様、圧縮機７１の吐出冷媒の圧力Ｐｄのオーバーシュートを防止するためである。 In this way, when the pressure Pd of the refrigerant discharged from the compressor 71 reaches the predetermined pressure Pdth lower than the maximum pressure, the first electronic expansion valve 74 is opened to an opening larger than the minimum opening. This is to prevent overshooting of the pressure Pd of the refrigerant discharged from the compressor 71, as in the case of controlling the compressor 71.
また、前記通常制御において、制御部１００は、例えば第２冷媒配管９２における内部熱交換器８５の出口側の冷媒温度（すなわち、第１電子膨張弁７４の入口側の冷媒温度）と、吸熱器７５の入口側の冷媒温度とに基づいて第１電子膨張弁７４の開度を制御する。ここで、前記通常制御において制御される第１電子膨張弁７４の開度は、前記最小開度よりも大きく、かつ、前記均圧開度よりも小さい開度である。 In the normal control, the control unit 100, for example, the refrigerant temperature on the outlet side of the internal heat exchanger 85 in the second refrigerant pipe 92 (that is, the refrigerant temperature on the inlet side of the first electronic expansion valve 74) and the heat absorber. The opening degree of the first electronic expansion valve 74 is controlled based on the refrigerant temperature on the inlet side of 75. Here, the opening degree of the first electronic expansion valve 74 controlled in the normal control is an opening degree that is larger than the minimum opening degree and smaller than the pressure equalizing opening degree.
なお、圧縮機７１の起動時に第１電子膨張弁７４を全開とし、その後、速やかに第１電子膨張弁７４を全閉とし、全閉状態を圧縮機７１の吐出冷媒の圧力が前記所定圧力に到達するまで保持した場合（実施例）の年間消費電力量と、圧縮機７１の起動時に第１電子膨張弁７４を前記均圧化が可能な所定開度まで開いた場合（比較例）の年間消費電力量とをシミュレーションによって比較したところ、実施例は、比較例に比べて、年間消費電力量が１〜２％低下することが確認された。 The first electronic expansion valve 74 is fully opened when the compressor 71 is started, and then the first electronic expansion valve 74 is fully closed immediately, and the pressure of the refrigerant discharged from the compressor 71 becomes the predetermined pressure immediately after the first electronic expansion valve 74 is fully closed. Annual power consumption when it is held until it reaches (Example), and when the first electronic expansion valve 74 is opened to a predetermined opening at which the pressure equalization can be performed when the compressor 71 is started (Comparative Example) When the power consumption was compared by simulation, it was confirmed that the power consumption in the example was reduced by 1 to 2% compared to the comparative example.
以上説明したように、本実施形態に係る自動販売機１は、第１商品収納室１１を加温可能な加温／冷却システム７０を有する。そして、加温／冷却システム７０の制御部１００は、圧縮機７１を起動した後に圧縮機７１を第１回転数で動作させ、その後、圧縮機７１の吐出冷媒の圧力が所定圧力に到達すると、圧縮機７１を前記第１回転数よりも低い第２回転数で動作させる。また、加温／冷却システム７０の制御部１００は、圧縮機７１の起動時に第１電子膨張弁７４を一旦開いた後に速やかに最小開度まで閉じ、その状態を圧縮機７１の吐出冷媒の圧力が前記所定圧力に到達するまで保持する。制御部１００によるこのような制御によって、本実施形態に係る自動販売機１は、従来の同種の自動販売機に比べて、その消費電力量を削減することが可能である。 As described above, the vending machine 1 according to the present embodiment has the heating / cooling system 70 that can heat the first product storage chamber 11. Then, the controller 100 of the heating / cooling system 70 operates the compressor 71 at the first rotational speed after starting the compressor 71, and then when the pressure of the refrigerant discharged from the compressor 71 reaches a predetermined pressure, The compressor 71 is operated at a second rotational speed lower than the first rotational speed. Further, the controller 100 of the heating / cooling system 70 once opens the first electronic expansion valve 74 when the compressor 71 is started up, and then quickly closes it to the minimum opening, and this state is set to the pressure of the refrigerant discharged from the compressor 71. Until the predetermined pressure is reached. By such control by the control unit 100, the vending machine 1 according to the present embodiment can reduce the amount of power consumption compared to the conventional same type of vending machine.
なお、上述の実施形態において、冷却システム３０の制御部６０と加温／冷却システム７０の制御部１００とは別々に設けられている。しかし、これに限られるものではなく、冷却システム３０の制御部６０と加温／冷却システム７０の制御部１００が一体に設けられてよい。例えば、自動販売機１の制御装置が、冷却システム３０の制御部６０としての機能と、加温／冷却システム７０の制御部１００としての機能とを有することができる。 In the above-described embodiment, the control unit 60 of the cooling system 30 and the control unit 100 of the heating / cooling system 70 are provided separately. However, the present invention is not limited to this, and the control unit 60 of the cooling system 30 and the control unit 100 of the heating / cooling system 70 may be provided integrally. For example, the control device of the vending machine 1 can have a function as the control unit 60 of the cooling system 30 and a function as the control unit 100 of the heating / cooling system 70.
また、上述の実施形態において、加温／冷却システム７０の制御部１００は、圧縮機７１を起動した後に圧縮機７１を第１回転数で動作させ、その後、圧縮機７１の吐出冷媒の圧力が所定圧力に到達すると、圧縮機７１を前記第１回転数よりも低い第２回転数で動作させるようにしている。しかし、これに限られるものではない。加温／冷却システム７０の制御部１００は、圧縮機７１の吐出冷媒の圧力に相関のあるパラメータ（例えば、圧縮機７１の吐出冷媒の温度や圧縮機７１の起動からの経過時間）が所定値に到達すると、圧縮機７１の回転数を前記第１回転数から前記第２回転数に低下させるようにしてもよい。この場合も「前記圧縮機を起動した後に前記圧縮機を第１回転数で動作させ、その後、前記圧縮機の吐出冷媒の圧力が所定圧力に到達すると、前記圧縮機を前記第１回転数よりも低い第２回転数で動作させる」ことに含まれる。 In the above-described embodiment, the controller 100 of the heating / cooling system 70 operates the compressor 71 at the first rotational speed after starting the compressor 71, and then the pressure of the refrigerant discharged from the compressor 71 is increased. When the predetermined pressure is reached, the compressor 71 is operated at a second rotational speed lower than the first rotational speed. However, it is not limited to this. The control unit 100 of the heating / cooling system 70 has a predetermined value that is correlated with the pressure of the refrigerant discharged from the compressor 71 (for example, the temperature of the refrigerant discharged from the compressor 71 and the elapsed time since the start of the compressor 71). , The rotational speed of the compressor 71 may be decreased from the first rotational speed to the second rotational speed. Also in this case, “after the compressor is started, the compressor is operated at the first rotation speed, and then, when the pressure of the refrigerant discharged from the compressor reaches a predetermined pressure, the compressor is moved from the first rotation speed. Is also operated at a low second rotational speed ".
また、加温／冷却システム７０の制御部１００は、圧縮機７１を起動した後に圧縮機７１を第１回転数で動作させ、その後、圧縮機７１の吐出冷媒の圧力が所定圧力に到達すると、第１商品収納室１１の室温の上昇に応じて圧縮機７１の回転数を段階的又は漸次的に低下させるようにしてもよい。このようにすると、圧縮機７１の停止後に第１商品収納室１１の室温が必要以上に上昇してしまうこと（具体的には、前記設定加温温度の上限値を超えてしまうこと）、すなわち、無駄な電力消費が抑制又は防止され、結果的に消費電力量の削減に寄与し得る。なお、この場合において、加温／冷却システム７０の制御部１００は、例えばあらかじめ形成された回転数パターンに従って圧縮機７１の回転数を段階的又は漸次的に低下させ、これによって、圧縮機７１の停止時の圧縮機７１の温度を前記設定加温温度とほぼ同じ温度とするのが好ましい。 Further, the controller 100 of the heating / cooling system 70 operates the compressor 71 at the first rotational speed after starting the compressor 71, and then, when the pressure of the refrigerant discharged from the compressor 71 reaches a predetermined pressure, You may make it reduce the rotation speed of the compressor 71 stepwise or gradually according to the raise of the room temperature of the 1st goods storage chamber 11. FIG. If it does in this way, after the compressor 71 stops, the room temperature of the 1st goods storage chamber 11 will rise more than needed (specifically, it will exceed the upper limit of the said setting heating temperature), ie, Therefore, useless power consumption can be suppressed or prevented, and as a result, the power consumption can be reduced. In this case, the controller 100 of the heating / cooling system 70 reduces the rotational speed of the compressor 71 stepwise or gradually according to a rotational speed pattern formed in advance, for example, thereby It is preferable that the temperature of the compressor 71 at the time of the stop is substantially the same as the set heating temperature.
また、加温／冷却システム７０の制御部１００は、圧縮機７１の吐出冷媒の圧力Ｐｄが前記所定圧力Ｐｄｔｈに到達するまでの間、放熱器用送風機８１を動作させないようにしてもよい。上述のように、圧縮機７１の起動直後においては、放熱器用送風機８１による送風によって前記商品の温度が低下してしまうおそれがあるからである。さらに、上述のように圧縮機７１の回転数を段階的又は漸次的に低下させるようにした場合において、加温／冷却システム７０の制御部１００は、圧縮機７１の回転数の低下に対応させて放熱器用送風機８１の回転数を低下させるようにしてもよい。放熱器用送風機８１による放熱器７２への必要以上の送風を防止することで無駄な電力消費を防止するためである。これらによっても消費電力量の削減が図れる。 Further, the controller 100 of the heating / cooling system 70 may not operate the radiator fan 81 until the pressure Pd of the refrigerant discharged from the compressor 71 reaches the predetermined pressure Pdth. This is because, as described above, immediately after the compressor 71 is started, the temperature of the product may be lowered by the air blow from the radiator blower 81. Furthermore, when the rotational speed of the compressor 71 is decreased stepwise or gradually as described above, the control unit 100 of the heating / cooling system 70 responds to the decrease in the rotational speed of the compressor 71. Thus, the rotational speed of the radiator fan 81 may be decreased. This is to prevent wasteful power consumption by preventing air blow to the radiator 72 by the radiator blower 81 more than necessary. These also reduce power consumption.
また、上述の実施形態において、自動販売機１は、冷却システム３０及び加温／冷却システム７０を有しており、冷却システム３０によって第１商品収納室１１、第２商品収納室１２及び第３商品収納室１３の冷却が行われるとともに、加温／冷却システム７０によって第１商品収納室１１の加温と第２商品収納室１２及び第３商品収納室１３の冷却が行われるように構成されている。すなわち、冷却システム３０によって自動販売機１がＣＣＣモードで運転され得ると共に、加温／冷却システム７０によって自動販売機１がＨｘｘモード、ＨＣＣモード、ＨＣｘモード、ＨｘＣモードで運転され得るように構成されている。しかし、これに限られるものではない。自動販売機が、冷却システムを備えず、一つの加温／冷却システムによってＣＣＣモード、Ｈｘｘモード、ＨＣＣモード、ＨＣｘモード、ＨｘＣモードで運転され得るように構成された場合にも本発明は適用可能である。 In the above-described embodiment, the vending machine 1 includes the cooling system 30 and the heating / cooling system 70. The product storage chamber 13 is cooled, and the heating / cooling system 70 is configured to heat the first product storage chamber 11 and cool the second product storage chamber 12 and the third product storage chamber 13. ing. That is, the vending machine 1 can be operated in the CCC mode by the cooling system 30, and the vending machine 1 can be operated in the Hxx mode, the HCC mode, the HCx mode, and the HxC mode by the heating / cooling system 70. ing. However, it is not limited to this. The present invention can also be applied when the vending machine is not provided with a cooling system and is configured to be operated in the CCC mode, the Hxx mode, the HCC mode, the HCx mode, and the HxC mode by one heating / cooling system. It is.
なお、本発明は、上述の実施形態及びその変形例に制限されるものではなく、本発明の技術的思想に基づいてさらなる変形及び変更が可能であることはもちろんである。 In addition, this invention is not restrict | limited to the above-mentioned embodiment and its modification, Of course, a further deformation | transformation and change are possible based on the technical idea of this invention.
１…自動販売機、１０…商品収納庫、１１…第１商品収納室、１２…第２商品収納室、１３…第３商品収納室、３０…冷却システム、７０…加温／冷却システム、７１…圧縮機、７２…放熱器（室内熱交換器）、７４…第１電子膨張弁（減圧器）、７５…吸熱器（室外熱交換器）、７７…第２電子膨張弁、７８…第１蒸発器、７９…キャピラリーチューブ、８０…第２蒸発器、９０…冷媒配管、１００…制御部 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 ... Vending machine, 10 ... Product storage, 11 ... 1st product storage room, 12 ... 2nd product storage room, 13 ... 3rd product storage room, 30 ... Cooling system, 70 ... Heating / cooling system, 71 ... compressor, 72 ... radiator (indoor heat exchanger), 74 ... first electronic expansion valve (decompressor), 75 ... heat absorber (outdoor heat exchanger), 77 ... second electronic expansion valve, 78 ... first Evaporator 79 ... capillary tube 80 ... second evaporator 90 ... refrigerant piping 100 ... control unit
Claims (9)
冷媒を圧縮して吐出する圧縮機と、前記商品収納室内に配置された室内熱交換器と、冷媒を減圧する減圧器と、前記商品収納室の外部に配置された室外熱交換器とを有し、前記商品収納室を加温可能に構成された加温システムと、
前記圧縮機の吐出冷媒の圧力を検出する圧力センサと、
前記加温システムの動作を制御する制御部と、
を含み、
前記圧縮機は、インバータ圧縮機であり、
前記制御部は、前記圧縮機を起動した後に前記圧縮機を第１回転数で動作させ、その後、前記圧縮機の吐出冷媒の圧力が所定圧力に到達すると、前記圧縮機を前記第１回転数よりも低い第２回転数で動作させる、
自動販売機。 A vending machine having a product storage room for storing and heating products,
A compressor that compresses and discharges the refrigerant; an indoor heat exchanger disposed in the product storage chamber; a decompressor that decompresses the refrigerant; and an outdoor heat exchanger disposed outside the product storage chamber. And a heating system configured to heat the product storage room;
A pressure sensor for detecting the pressure of the refrigerant discharged from the compressor;
A control unit for controlling the operation of the heating system;
Including
The compressor is an inverter compressor;
The control unit operates the compressor at a first rotation speed after starting the compressor, and then, when the pressure of refrigerant discharged from the compressor reaches a predetermined pressure, causes the compressor to move to the first rotation speed. Operating at a lower second rotational speed,
vending machine.
前記制御部は、前記商品収納室の室温に基づいて前記圧縮機を起動し及び前記圧縮機を停止させる、請求項１又は２に記載の自動販売機。 A temperature sensor for detecting a room temperature of the product storage room;
The vending machine according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the control unit starts the compressor and stops the compressor based on a room temperature of the commodity storage room.
前記制御部は、前記圧縮機の回転数の低下に対応させて前記室内送風機の回転数を低下させる、請求項１〜５のいずれか一つに記載の自動販売機。 The heating system further includes an indoor fan that blows air in the product storage room toward the indoor heat exchanger;
The vending machine according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the control unit reduces the rotation speed of the indoor blower in response to a decrease in the rotation speed of the compressor.
前記第２回転数は、前記圧縮機の最高効率回転数又はその近傍の回転数である、
請求項１〜６のいずれか一つに記載の自動販売機。 The first rotational speed is the maximum rotational speed of the compressor or a rotational speed in the vicinity thereof,
The second rotation speed is the highest efficiency rotation speed of the compressor or a rotation speed in the vicinity thereof.
The vending machine according to any one of claims 1 to 6.
前記制御部は、前記圧縮機の起動時に前記膨張弁を開いた後に最小開度まで閉じ、前記最小開度の状態を前記圧縮機の吐出冷媒の圧力が前記所定圧力に到達するまで保持する、請求項１〜７の自動販売機。 The pressure reducer is an expansion valve whose opening degree can be changed,
The controller closes to a minimum opening after opening the expansion valve when starting the compressor, and holds the state of the minimum opening until the pressure of refrigerant discharged from the compressor reaches the predetermined pressure. The vending machine according to claim 1-7.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP2017112963A JP2018206220A (en) | 2017-06-07 | 2017-06-07 | vending machine |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP2017112963A JP2018206220A (en) | 2017-06-07 | 2017-06-07 | vending machine |
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