JP2018194188A - Ventilation device - Google Patents

Abstract

To provide a ventilation device capable of exhibiting stable dust collecting performance by using a dust collector for charging and removing particulate matters in the air when the outdoor air is introduced to an indoor side.SOLUTION: A ventilation device includes: a suction port 22 for taking in outdoor air; a blowout port 32 for blowing out air introduced from the suction port 22 to an indoor side; a dust collector 100 having a charging section 110 for charging passing particulate matters in the air, a power supply section 120 for applying a voltage to the charging section 110 and a collection section 130 for collecting the particulate matters charged by the charging section 110; a humidity control device 11 for lowering relative humidity of the passing air; and a deodorizer 12 for removing gaseous substances in the passing air. The dust collector 100 is disposed in an air course leading from the suction port 22 to the blowout port 32, and the humidity control device 11 and the deodorizer 12 are disposed at a suction port 22 side of the dust collector 100 in the air course.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 1

Description

  The present invention relates to a ventilation device.

  A casing installed in the vicinity of the ceiling; and an air purifying unit disposed in an air passage in the casing to purify the air to be treated. The air purifying unit charges the dust in the air to be treated. An air cleaner including an electric dust collection unit having a dust collection unit that electrically collects dust charged by the charging unit is known (for example, see Patent Document 1).

JP 2010-063947 A

  However, when the air cleaner as shown in Patent Document 1 is applied to a ventilator that introduces outdoor air indoors, outdoor air with high rain or humidity may enter the electric dust collection unit. . And the abnormal discharge generate | occur | produces in the charge part of an electric dust collection unit with the moisture contained in the air, and there exists a possibility that dust removal performance may fall. In addition, gaseous substances such as siloxane compounds, sulfur compounds, and nitrogen compounds in outdoor air are deposited on the electrode surface of the charged part of the electrostatic precipitator unit, causing abnormal discharge and corroding the attached electrode surface. Or the dust removal performance may be reduced.

  The present invention has been made to solve such problems. The purpose is to obtain a ventilator capable of achieving stable dust collection performance by a dust collector that charges and removes particulate matter in the air when outdoor air is introduced indoors. is there.

  The ventilator according to the present invention includes an outside air introduction opening for taking in outdoor air, an air supply opening for blowing out air introduced from the outside air introduction opening, and particulate matter in the passing air Reducing the relative humidity of the air passing therethrough, and a dust collector having a charging unit for charging the charging unit, a power source unit for applying a voltage to the charging unit, and a collecting unit for collecting particulate matter charged by the charging unit A humidity control device and a deodorization device that removes gaseous substances in the passing air, and the dust collector is disposed in an air passage that leads from the outside air introduction opening to the air supply opening. The wet device is arranged closer to the outside air introduction opening than the dust collecting device in the air passage, and the deodorizing device is arranged closer to the outside air introduction opening than the dust collecting device in the air passage.

  According to the ventilator according to the present invention, when outdoor air is introduced indoors, stable dust collection performance can be achieved by the dust collector that charges and removes particulate matter in the air. There is an effect.

It is sectional drawing which shows typically the whole structure of the ventilation apparatus which concerns on Embodiment 1 of this invention. It is sectional drawing which shows typically the structure of the dust collector with which the ventilation apparatus which concerns on Embodiment 1 of this invention is provided. It is sectional drawing which shows typically the structure of the counter electrode with which the dust collector which concerns on Embodiment 1 of this invention is provided.

  DESCRIPTION OF EMBODIMENTS Embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the accompanying drawings. In the drawings, the same or corresponding parts are denoted by the same reference numerals, and overlapping descriptions are simplified or omitted as appropriate. The present invention is not limited to the following embodiments, and various modifications can be made without departing from the spirit of the present invention.

Embodiment 1 FIG.
1 to 3 relate to Embodiment 1 of the present invention. FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view schematically showing the overall configuration of the ventilator, and FIG. 2 is a schematic configuration of a dust collector provided in the ventilator. FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view schematically showing the configuration of the counter electrode provided in the dust collector.

  The ventilator according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention is for introducing outdoor air into the room 1 to be ventilated. As shown in FIG. 1, the ventilation device according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention includes a main body 10, an outdoor side intermediate duct 20, and an indoor side intermediate duct 30. The main body 10 has a hollow box shape. The main body 10 is installed behind the ceiling of the room 1, that is, above the ceiling 2.

  An opening penetrating the indoor side and the outdoor side of the wall 3 is formed in a portion above the ceiling 2 of the wall 3 of the room 1. A suction port forming member 21 is attached to the opening of the wall 3. A portion of the suction port forming member 21 is provided so as to protrude outdoors. A suction port 22 is formed in the suction port forming member 21. The suction port 22 is an outside air introduction opening for taking in outdoor air.

  The outdoor side intermediate duct 20 is a hollow cylindrical member. One end of the outdoor side intermediate duct 20 is connected to the suction port forming member 21 from the indoor side of the wall 3. The other end of the outdoor side intermediate duct 20 is connected to one end side of the main body 10. The inside of the main body 10 communicates with the outside via the inside of the outdoor side intermediate duct 20 and the suction port 22 of the suction port forming member 21.

  In the ceiling 2 of the room 1, an opening penetrating the upper side and the lower side of the ceiling 2 is formed. A blower outlet forming member 31 is attached to the opening of the ceiling 2. An air outlet 32 is formed in the air outlet forming member 31. The air outlet 32 is an air supply opening for blowing air introduced from the suction port 22 which is an outside air introduction opening into the room 1.

  The indoor side intermediate duct 30 is a hollow cylindrical member. The indoor side intermediate duct 30 is a hollow cylindrical member. One end of the indoor side intermediate duct 30 is connected to the air outlet forming member 31 from the upper side of the ceiling 2. The other end of the indoor intermediate duct 30 is connected to the other end of the main body 10. The interior of the main body 10 communicates with the interior space of the room 1, that is, indoors, through the interior of the indoor intermediate duct 30 and the air outlet 32 of the air outlet forming member 31.

  In this way, an air passage is formed in the outdoor side intermediate duct 20, the main body 10, and the indoor side intermediate duct 30 from the suction port 22 that is an outside air introduction opening to the air outlet 32 that is an air supply opening. Has been.

  The main body 10 includes a humidity control device 11, a deodorizing device 12, a dust collecting device 100, and a blower fan 13. The humidity control device 11, the deodorizing device 12, the dust collecting device 100, and the blower fan 13 are accommodated inside the main body 10.

  The humidity control apparatus 11 is an apparatus that reduces the relative humidity of air passing therethrough. The humidity control apparatus 11 includes, for example, one or more of a desiccant rotor, a Peltier element, a heat exchanger, a heater, and the like. The desiccant rotor removes moisture in the air passing by the moisture absorbent supported on the surface. The Peltier element and the heat exchanger cool and remove the moisture in the air by cooling the air passing therethrough. The heater lowers the relative humidity by heating the passing air.

  The deodorizing device 12 is a device that removes gaseous substances in the passing air. Specific examples of gaseous substances removed by the deodorizer 12 include siloxane compounds, sulfur compounds, nitrogen compounds, and other VOCs (Volatile Organic Compounds). The deodorizing device 12 is configured by using, for example, a known deodorizing filter.

  The dust collector 100 is a device that removes particulate matter in the passing air. Specifically, the particulate matter removed by the dust collector 100 includes, for example, dust, dust, cotton dust, mites, PM2.5, pollen, and the like. The configuration of the dust collector 100 will be described with reference to FIG. As shown in the figure, the dust collector 100 includes a charging unit 110, a power supply unit 120, and a collection unit 130.

  The charging unit 110 is disposed on the upstream side of the air flow passing through the dust collector 100 with respect to the collecting unit 130. The charging unit 110 is for charging the particulate matter in the passing air. The charging unit 110 includes a discharge electrode 111 and a counter electrode 112. A plurality of discharge electrodes 111 are provided. A plurality of counter electrodes 112 are also provided. The discharge electrodes 111 and the counter electrodes 112 are alternately arranged along the collection unit 130. In other words, the discharge electrodes 111 and the counter electrodes 112 are alternately arranged along a direction orthogonal to the direction of the air flow passing through the dust collector 100.

  The discharge electrode 111 is composed of a long plate member. A conductor is used as the material of the discharge electrode 111. Specifically, metals such as tungsten, copper, nickel, zinc, and iron, or alloys such as stainless steel mainly containing these metals, or silver, gold, platinum, etc. on the surface of these metals or alloys Those plated with a noble metal or those obtained by forming a carbon (graphite) layer or an oxide film on the surface of these metals or alloys can be used.

  The cross section of the discharge electrode 111 has a rectangular shape surrounded by a short side and a long side. The length of the short side of the cross section of the discharge electrode 111 is, for example, 0.01 mm to 0.1 mm. The length of the long side of the cross section of the discharge electrode 111 is, for example, 0.1 mm to 1.0 mm. By making the discharge electrode 111 into such a shape, the strength of the discharge electrode 111 can be increased. Therefore, by making the discharge electrode 111 in such a shape, it is possible to significantly suppress the secular change of the shape of the discharge electrode 111.

  As shown in FIG. 3, the counter electrode 112 includes a base portion 113 and a plating portion 114. The base 113 is a resin member having a plate shape. The plated portion 114 is formed by plating a conductor such as metal on the surface of the base portion 113. By doing in this way, compared with the case where the whole counter electrode 112 is comprised with the metal, it is possible to enlarge thickness even if the counter electrode 112 is lightweight. In addition, the radius of curvature of the surface of the counter electrode 112 can be increased, and the concentration of electric charges on a part of the surface of the counter electrode 112 can be reduced. For this reason, even when there is much moisture in the air passing through the dust collector 100, it is possible to make it difficult for abnormal discharge to occur.

  The description will be continued with reference to FIG. The power supply unit 120 applies a voltage to the charging unit 110. For example, the power supply unit 120 applies a voltage of 4 to 7 kV to the discharge electrode 111 with respect to the ground potential. At this time, the amount of ozone generated by discharge can be suppressed by applying a positive high voltage to the discharge electrode 111. The counter electrode 112 is grounded. As described above, the power supply unit 120 applies a voltage between the discharge electrode 111 and the counter electrode 112.

  The collection unit 130 is for collecting the particulate matter charged by the charging unit 110. The collection unit 130 includes, for example, an electret filter having a charge. For example, the electret filter is configured by charging a filter medium in a pleated shape, a corrugated shape, or a honeycomb shape.

  In addition, the collection part 130 may not be made into a filter shape, but may be configured by, for example, a laminate of parallel plate-like metals or resins. When the collection unit 130 is configured by stacking parallel plate-shaped members, for example, the collection unit 130 is made of water or the like by making the collection unit 130 so as to be drawn out from the ceiling 2 into the room 1. Maintenance for cleaning becomes possible, and the replacement cost of the filter can be reduced.

  The air passing through the dust collector 100 configured as described above first passes through the space between the discharge electrode 111 and the counter electrode 112 of the charging unit 110. At this time, if the power supply unit 120 applies a voltage to the charging unit 110, corona discharge occurs between the discharge electrode 111 and the counter electrode 112. The particulate matter in the air is charged when passing through the space between the discharge electrode 111 and the counter electrode 112 in which corona discharge occurs. The air that has passed through the charging unit 110 then passes through the collection unit 130. At this time, the particulate matter charged at the time of passing through the charging unit 110 is adsorbed by the electret filter of the collection unit 130 by Coulomb force or the like and collected by the collection unit 130. In this way, the dust collector 100 removes particulate matter from the passing air.

  Next, the description will be continued with reference to FIG. 1 again. As described above, the dust collector 100 is disposed inside the main body 10 that is a part of the above-described air path. That is, the dust collector 100 is disposed in an air passage that leads from the suction port 22 that is an outside air introduction opening to the air outlet 32 that is an air supply opening.

  Further, the humidity control device 11 is disposed closer to the outdoor side intermediate duct 20 than the dust collector 100 inside the main body 10. In other words, the humidity control apparatus 11 is disposed closer to the suction port 22 than the dust collector 100 in the above-described air path.

  The deodorizing device 12 is also disposed closer to the outdoor side intermediate duct 20 than the dust collecting device 100 inside the main body 10. In other words, the deodorizing device 12 is disposed closer to the suction port 22 than the dust collector 100 in the above-described air path. In the example shown in FIG. 1, the deodorizing device 12 is disposed between the humidity control device 11 and the dust collecting device 100.

  The blower fan 13 is disposed closer to the indoor intermediate duct 30 than the dust collector 100 inside the main body 10. The blower fan 13 is for generating an air flow that flows in the above-described air passage from the suction port 22 through the inside of the main body 10 to the blower outlet 32.

  In the ventilator configured as described above, when the blower fan 13 is driven, outdoor air is taken into the main body 10 through the suction port 22 and the outdoor intermediate duct 20. The air taken into the main body 10 first passes through the humidity control device 11. The relative humidity of the air that has passed through the humidity control device 11 is lower than before the passage.

  The air whose relative humidity has decreased after passing through the humidity control device 11 then passes through the deodorization device 12. When passing through the deodorizing device 12, gaseous substances contained in the air are removed. Therefore, the density | concentration of the gaseous substance has fallen compared with the air which passed the deodorizing apparatus 12 before passage. And the air which passed the deodorizing apparatus 12 passes the dust collector 100 next. When passing through the dust collector 100, particulate matter contained in the air is removed.

  Then, the air that has passed through the dust collector 100 passes through the blower fan 13. The air that has passed through the blower fan 13 exits the main body 10, passes through the indoor intermediate duct 30, and is blown out from the air outlet 32 into the space in the room 1.

  As described above, in the ventilation device according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention, the air taken from the outside passes through the dust collector 100 after passing through the humidity control device 11 and the relative humidity is lowered. Therefore, the relative humidity of the air passing between the discharge electrode 111 and the counter electrode 112 of the charging unit 110 in the dust collector 100 is reduced.

  For this reason, since generation | occurrence | production of the abnormal discharge in the charging part 110 can be suppressed, the collection efficiency of a particulate matter can be aimed at and stable dust collection performance can be exhibited. Further, by reducing the relative humidity of the air passing through the charging unit 110, it is possible to suppress the charge charged to the particulate matter from escaping through moisture in the air, and to improve the charging efficiency of the particulate matter. Can be achieved. For this reason, it is possible to further improve the collection efficiency of the particulate matter.

  In the ventilator according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention, the air taken in from the outside passes through the deodorizer 12 and passes through the dust collector 100 after the concentration of the gaseous substance is reduced. Therefore, the concentration of gaseous substances in the air passing between the discharge electrode 111 and the counter electrode 112 of the charging unit 110 in the dust collector 100 is reduced.

  Gaseous substances in the air, for example, siloxane compounds, sulfur compounds, nitrogen compounds, etc., are deposited on the electrode surface of the charged portion 110, causing abnormal discharge or corroding the attached electrode surface. Moreover, since it becomes necessary to remove these substances adhering to the electrode surface, the maintenance frequency increases. By reducing the concentration of these substances in the air passing through the dust collector 100 by the deodorizer 12, the deposition of these substances on the electrode surface of the charging unit 110 is suppressed, and the occurrence of abnormal discharge is suppressed. The adhesion of these substances to the electrode surface and the suppression of corrosion can be achieved. And while exhibiting the stable dust collection performance, it is also possible to reduce the maintenance frequency.

  At this time, the passage of the air whose relative humidity has decreased through the humidity control device 11 is allowed to pass through the deodorization device 12, thereby suppressing a reduction in the removal efficiency of gaseous substances in the deodorization device 12 due to moisture in the air. be able to.

  Note that the ventilation device according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention does not necessarily include the blower fan 13. For example, in the case where a ventilation fan that exhausts the air in the room 1 to the outside is installed in the room 1 in addition to the present ventilation device, if the ventilation fan is operated, the air pressure in the room 1 decreases, and the blower fan Even if 13 is not provided, it is possible to generate an air flow that flows from the inlet 22 to the outlet 32 in the above-described air passage.

  The ventilator according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention may include one or both of a humidity sensor 14 and a dust sensor 23 as shown in FIG. And the power supply part 120 of the dust collector 100 may control the voltage applied to the charge part 110 of the dust collector 100 based on the detection result of one or both of the humidity sensor 14 and the dust sensor 23. . Below, the example at the time of providing both the humidity sensor 14 and the dust sensor 23 is demonstrated.

  The humidity sensor 14 detects the relative humidity of the air that has passed through the humidity control apparatus 11. The humidity sensor 14 is installed closer to the indoor side intermediate duct 30 than the humidity control device 11 inside the main body 10. In addition, in the example shown in FIG. 1, the humidity sensor 14 is arrange | positioned between the humidity control apparatus 11 and the deodorizing apparatus 12 in the above-mentioned air path.

  The dust sensor 23 detects the amount of particulate matter in outdoor air. Specifically, the particulate matter whose concentration is detected by the dust sensor 23 includes, for example, dust, dust, cotton dust, mites, PM2.5, and pollen. In the example shown in FIG. 1, the dust sensor 23 is attached to the suction port forming member 21 and disposed in the above-described air path.

  The dust sensor 23 includes, for example, one light emitting element and two light receiving elements, and optically detects particulate matter in the air. The light emitting element irradiates the surrounding space with laser light. The wavelength of the laser light irradiated by the light emitting element is, for example, 660 nm. Further, the irradiation intensity of laser light is preferably 2.5 mW or more, for example. The laser light emitted from the light emitting element is scattered when it hits the particulate matter existing in the air. The light receiving element receives scattered light generated by the particulate matter existing in the air. The light receiving element outputs a signal corresponding to the light reception intensity, the number of times of light reception, and the like.

  The dust sensor 23 determines the amount of particulate matter in the air, the number of particulate matter, the concentration of particulate matter, the size of the particulate matter, the shape of the particulate matter, etc. based on the outputs of the two light receiving elements. To detect. More specifically, the dust sensor 23 detects the amount of particulate matter, the number of particulate matter, and the size of particulate matter based on the magnitude of the output of the light receiving element. Further, the dust sensor 23 detects the shape of the particulate matter based on the difference between the outputs of the two light receiving elements.

  When the shape of the particulate matter present in the air is spherical, the difference between the outputs of the two light receiving elements is relatively small. On the other hand, when the shape of the particulate matter is not spherical, the difference between the outputs of the two light receiving elements is larger than when it is spherical. For example, when the particulate matter is a spherical PM2.5 having a particle diameter of 2.5 μm or less, the difference between the outputs of the two light receiving elements is small. For example, even when the particulate matter is pollen, the difference between the outputs of the two light receiving elements is small.

  Therefore, when the difference between the outputs of the two light receiving elements is smaller than a preset reference value, it can be determined that the particulate matter present in the air is PM2.5 or pollen. In this case, whether the particulate matter is PM2.5 or pollen can be determined by the magnitude of the output of the light receiving element. That is, since pollen has a larger particle diameter than PM2.5, the scattered light by pollen is larger than the scattered light by PM2.5. For this reason, when the particulate matter is pollen, the output of the light receiving element is larger than when the particulate matter is PM2.5.

  On the other hand, when the difference between the outputs of the two light receiving elements is equal to or greater than the above-described reference value, it can be determined that the particulate matter present in the air is dust, cotton dust, mites, and the like.

  The dust sensor 23 is not limited to the one that optically detects particulate matter in the air as described above, but may be another type. Also, the installation location of the dust sensor 23 is not limited to the suction port forming member 21 or the outdoor side intermediate duct 20, and may be installed outdoors, for example. Furthermore, it may replace with the dust sensor 23 and you may make it provide the communication apparatus which acquires the information regarding the quantity of a particulate matter from the outside via the internet.

  The power supply unit 120 changes the voltage applied to the charging unit 110 based on the detection result of the humidity sensor 14 and the detection result of the dust sensor 23. That is, the power supply unit 120 changes the voltage applied between the discharge electrode 111 and the counter electrode 112 according to the relative humidity of the air that has passed through the humidity control apparatus 11 and the amount of particulate matter in the outdoor air. Let

  More specifically, when the relative humidity of the air that has passed through the humidity control apparatus 11 is equal to or higher than a preset reference humidity, the power supply unit 120 includes the discharge electrode 111 and the counter electrode as compared with the case where the relative humidity is less than the reference humidity. The voltage applied between the power supply 112 and the power supply 112 is reduced. The reference humidity at this time is, for example, 80%. In this way, under conditions where the relative humidity is high and abnormal discharge is likely to occur due to moisture contained in the air, the applied voltage is reduced to suppress the occurrence of abnormal discharge in the charging unit 110. Can do.

  The power supply unit 120 applies a voltage to the charging unit 110 when the amount of the particulate matter in the outdoor air is equal to or greater than a preset environmental reference value, and when the amount is less than the environmental reference value, the power source unit 120 is charged. No voltage is applied to the unit 110. In this way, particulate matter is collected only when the amount of particulate matter in outdoor air is greater than or equal to the environmental standard value, and when it is less than the environmental standard value, particulate matter is collected. Can not be. For this reason, particulate matter is not collected more than necessary, and the maintenance frequency can be reduced.

  In addition, the ventilator which concerns on this invention may be provided with the display part which notifies a maintenance time to a user. By doing in this way, the ventilation apparatus installed in the ceiling 2 can be maintained appropriately. Moreover, the ventilating apparatus according to the present invention can be applied to, for example, an air conditioner having a ventilation duct and a duct provided in a home or office.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Room 2 Ceiling 3 Wall 10 Main body 11 Humidity control device 12 Deodorizing device 13 Blower fan 14 Humidity sensor 20 Outdoor side intermediate duct 21 Suction port forming member 22 Suction port 23 Dust sensor 30 Indoor side intermediate duct 31 Outlet port forming member 32 Outlet port DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 100 Dust collector 110 Charging part 111 Discharge electrode 112 Counter electrode 113 Base part 114 Plating part 120 Power supply part 130 Collection part

Claims (4)

An outside air introduction opening for taking in outdoor air;
An air supply opening for blowing the air introduced from the outside air introduction opening indoors;
A dust collector having a charging unit for charging particulate matter in the passing air, a power supply unit for applying a voltage to the charging unit, and a collection unit for collecting the particulate matter charged by the charging unit;
A humidity control device that reduces the relative humidity of the air passing through;
A deodorizing device for removing gaseous substances in the passing air,
The dust collector is disposed in an air passage that leads from the outside air introduction opening to the air supply opening,
The humidity control device is disposed closer to the outside air introduction opening than the dust collector in the air path,
The deodorizing device is a ventilation device that is disposed closer to the outside air introduction opening than the dust collector in the air passage.   The ventilation device according to claim 1, wherein the humidity control device is disposed closer to the outside air introduction opening than the deodorizing device in the air passage. The charging unit includes a discharge electrode and a counter electrode,
The power supply unit applies a voltage between the discharge electrode and the counter electrode,
The ventilation device according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the counter electrode includes a resin base and a conductor plating formed on a surface of the base. A humidity sensor that detects the relative humidity of the air that has passed through the humidity control device;
A dust sensor for detecting the amount of particulate matter in the outdoor air, and
The power supply unit changes a voltage applied between the discharge electrode and the counter electrode according to a relative humidity of air that has passed through the humidity control device and an amount of particulate matter in outdoor air. Item 4. The ventilation device according to item 3.

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