JP2018191454A - Power generation body, power generator and pressure sensor - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a power generation body with simplified structure.SOLUTION: A power generation body according to one embodiment is provided with: a first member which has a first surface; and a second member which has a second surface. The first member has a first insulating film which constitutes the first surface. The second member has a second insulating film which constitutes the second surface and is charged to reverse polarity to the first insulating film by contacting the first insulating film. The first member and the second member are arranged so that the first surface and the second surface oppositely contact each other. A real contact area between the first surface and the second surface varies by application of pressure so that the first member and the second member relatively approach each other.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 1

Description

  The present invention relates to a power generator, a power generator, and a pressure sensor.

  Conventionally, power generators using contact charging are known. As such a power generation body, for example, a power generation body described in JP-A-2006-88473 (Patent Document 1) and a power generation body described in JP-A-2006-510206 (Patent Document 2) are known.

  The power generation body described in Patent Literature 1 includes a first electrode structure and a second electrode structure. The first electrode structure and the second electrode structure have a charged body. The first electrode structure and the second electrode structure are arranged apart from each other so that the surfaces on which the charging bodies are provided face each other. The power generation body described in Patent Document 1 generates power when the charged body of the first electrode structure and the charged body of the second electrode structure are in contact with each other by a pressure applied from the outside.

  The power generation element described in Patent Literature 2 includes a conductive layer and a friction layer. The conductive layer is disposed so that the lower surface of the conductive layer faces the upper surface of the friction layer. In the power generation body described in Patent Document 2, power generation is performed by relatively sliding the lower surface of the conductive layer on the upper surface of the friction layer.

Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2006-88473 JP-T-2006-510206

  In the power generation body described in Patent Document 1, it is necessary to dispose the first electrode structure and the second electrode structure separately from each other, so that the structure of the power generation body becomes complicated. In the power generation body described in Patent Document 2, it is necessary to have a structure in which the lower surface of the conductive layer can be slid relative to the upper surface of the friction layer, so that the structure of the power generation body is complicated.

  The present invention has been made in view of such problems of the prior art. Specifically, the present invention provides a power generator, a power generator, and a pressure sensor capable of simplifying the structure.

  The power generation body according to one aspect of the present invention includes a first member having a first surface and a second member having a second surface. The first member has a first insulating film constituting the first surface. The second member includes a second insulating film that forms the second surface and is charged to a polarity opposite to that of the first insulating film by contacting the first insulating film. The first member and the second member are arranged so that the first surface and the second surface are in contact with each other. By applying pressure so that the first member and the second member are relatively close to each other, the true contact area between the first surface and the second surface is changed. According to the power generator according to one embodiment of the present invention, the structure of the power generator can be simplified.

  In the above power generator, the first member may further include a conductive first flexible portion in contact with the first insulating film. The second member may further include a conductive second flexible portion in contact with the second insulating film. The elastic modulus of the first flexible part may be lower than that of the first insulating film. The elastic modulus of the second flexible part may be lower than that of the second insulating film. Concavities and convexities are provided on at least one of the first surface and the second surface.

  In the above power generator, the first flexible portion and the second flexible portion may be made of a conductive elastomer or an insulating elastomer whose surface is covered with a conductive film.

  Said electric power generation body may further be equipped with the weight attached to the direction located upward among the 1st member and the 2nd member. In this case, the power generation amount can be increased.

  In the above power generator, at least one of the first surface and the second surface may have a ten-point average roughness of 100 μm to 2 mm. In this case, the power generation amount can be increased.

  The power generator may further include a third member. The third member may be attached to the side of the first flexible part opposite to the first insulating film and the side of the second flexible part opposite to the second insulating film. The elastic modulus of the third member may be smaller than that of the first flexible part and the second flexible part. In this case, the power generation amount can be increased.

  In the above power generation body, the first member may further include a conductive first fiber. The second member may further have a conductive second fiber. The outer peripheral surface of the first fiber may be covered with a first insulating film, and the outer peripheral surface of the second fiber may be covered with a second insulating film. When pressure is applied so that the first member and the second member are relatively close to each other, the second member is deformed along the first surface, whereby the true contact area between the first surface and the second surface is changed. Also good.

  In the above power generator, the materials constituting the first insulating film and the second insulating film are polymethyl methacrylate, nylon, polyvinyl alcohol, polyester, polyisobutylene, polyurethane, polyethylene terephthalate, polyvinyl butyral, polychloroprene, natural rubber, poly Group consisting of acrylonitrile, polydiphenol carbonate, polyether chloride, polyvinylidene chloride, polystyrene, polyethylene, polypropylene, polyimide, polyvinyl chloride, polydimethylsiloxane, polytetrafluoroethylene, tetrafluoroethylene and hexafluoropropylene copolymer May be selected. In the above power generator, the materials constituting the first insulating film and the second insulating film may be different from each other.

  In the power generator described above, the positively charged one of the first insulating film and the second insulating film may be a diamond-like carbon film. In this case, a change with time in the amount of power generation can be suppressed.

  In the power generator described above, the negatively charged one of the first insulating film and the second insulating film may be a perfluoropolyether film. In this case, a change with time in the amount of power generation can be suppressed.

  In the above power generator, at least one of the first insulating film and the second insulating film may have a thickness of 20 μm or less. In this case, the power generation amount can be increased.

  A power generator according to one embodiment of the present invention includes a plurality of the power generators described above. Each of the plurality of power generators is stacked along a direction from the first member toward the second member. With the power generation device according to one embodiment of the present invention, the amount of power generation can be increased with a simple structure.

  The pressure sensor which concerns on 1 aspect of this invention is equipped with said electric power generation body and the detection part connected to said electric power generation body. The detection unit detects at least one of a current and a voltage output from the power generator. With the pressure sensor according to one aspect of the present invention, it is possible to detect the pressure applied to the power generator from the outside.

  According to the power generator, the power generator, and the pressure sensor according to one embodiment of the present invention, the structure can be simplified.

It is sectional drawing of the electric power generation body which concerns on 1st Embodiment. It is a schematic diagram which shows the state by which the pressure was applied from the exterior to the electric power generation body which concerns on 1st Embodiment. It is a graph which shows the change of the electric power generation amount when changing the ten-point average roughness of the 1st surface 1a. It is a typical graph which shows the relationship between thickness T1 and the electric power generation amount of the electric power generation body which concerns on 1st Embodiment. It is sectional drawing of the electric power generation body which concerns on 2nd Embodiment. It is a typical graph which shows the time change of the electric power generation amount in the electric power generation body which concerns on 2nd Embodiment. It is sectional drawing of the electric power generation body which concerns on 3rd Embodiment. It is a typical graph which shows the relationship between the initial pressing pressure in the electric power generation body which concerns on 3rd Embodiment, and electric power generation amount. It is sectional drawing of the electric power generation body which concerns on 4th Embodiment. It is a typical graph which shows the relationship between the frequency | count of power generation of the electric power generation body which concerns on 4th Embodiment, and power generation amount. It is a top view of the electric power generation body which concerns on 5th Embodiment. It is sectional drawing in XII-XII of FIG. It is a schematic diagram which shows the state by which the pressure was applied from the exterior to the electric power generation body which concerns on 5th Embodiment. It is sectional drawing of the electric power generating apparatus which concerns on 6th Embodiment. It is a schematic diagram of the pressure sensor which concerns on 7th Embodiment.

  Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. In the following drawings, the same or corresponding parts are denoted by the same reference numerals, and the description thereof will not be repeated.

(First embodiment)
Below, the structure of the electric power generation body which concerns on 1st Embodiment is demonstrated.

  FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view of the power generator according to the first embodiment. As shown in FIG. 1, the power generation body according to the first embodiment includes a first member 1 and a second member 2. The first member 1 has a first surface 1a. The second member 2 has a second surface 2a.

  The first member 1 has a first insulating film 11. The first insulating film 11 constitutes the first surface 1 a of the first member 1. That is, the first insulating film 11 is located closest to the first surface 1 a of the first member 1. The second member 2 has a second insulating film 21. The second insulating film 21 constitutes the second surface 2 a of the second member 2. That is, the second insulating film 21 is located closest to the second surface 2 a of the second member 2.

  The first insulating film 11 is made of a material that is charged in the opposite polarity to the second insulating film 21 by being in contact with the second insulating film 21. For example, when the first insulating film 11 is positively charged by contact with the second insulating film 21, the second insulating film 21 is negatively charged by contact with the first insulating film 11. The material constituting the first insulating film 11 and the second insulating film 21 is, for example, polymethyl methacrylate, nylon, polyvinyl alcohol, polyester, polyisobutylene, polyurethane, polyethylene terephthalate, polyvinyl butyral, polychloroprene, natural rubber, polyacrylonitrile, polydiethylene. Selected from the group consisting of phenol carbonate, polyether chloride, polyvinylidene chloride, polystyrene, polyethylene, polypropylene, polyimide, polyvinyl chloride, polydimethylsiloxane, polytetrafluoroethylene, tetrafluoroethylene and hexafluoropropylene copolymer The

  The material constituting the first insulating film 11 and the material constituting the second insulating film 21 are different from each other. It is preferable that the material forming the first insulating film 11 is located away from the material forming the second insulating film on the charged column.

  The first insulating film 11 has a thickness T1, and the second insulating film 21 has a thickness T2. At least one of the thickness T1 and the thickness T2 is preferably 20 μm or less. It is more preferable that both the thickness T1 and the thickness T2 are 20 μm or less.

  The 1st member 1 and the 2nd member 2 are arrange | positioned so that the 1st surface 1a and the 2nd surface 2a may oppose and contact. However, the first surface 1a and the second surface 2a are in contact with each other but are not in contact with each other. By applying pressure (see FIG. 2) so that the first member 1 and the second member 2 are relatively close to each other, the true contact area between the first surface 1a and the second surface 2a changes. The contact between the first surface 1a and the second surface 2a has, for example, a U-shape, and is secured by the clamping member 5 that clamps the first member 1 and the second member 2. However, the configuration for ensuring the contact between the first surface 1a and the second surface 2a is not limited to this.

  The first member 1 may have a first flexible part 12. The first flexible portion 12 is disposed so as to contact the first insulating film 11. More specifically, the first flexible portion 12 is disposed in contact with the surface of the first insulating film 11 opposite to the first surface 1a. The first flexible part 12 has flexibility. That is, the first flexible portion 12 has a lower elastic modulus than the first insulating film 11. It is preferable that the material which comprises the 1st flexible part 12 is an elastomer. That is, the material constituting the first flexible portion 12 preferably has rubber elasticity.

  The first flexible part 12 has conductivity. The 1st flexible part 12 is comprised by the elastomer which has electroconductivity, for example. The first flexible portion 12 may be made of an insulating elastomer whose surface is covered with a conductive film. The insulating elastomer is, for example, nitrile rubber or silicon rubber. The material which comprises the electrically conductive film which coat | covers the surface of an insulating elastomer is Ag (silver) and Cu (copper), for example.

  The first surface 1a may be provided with unevenness. The ten-point average roughness of the first surface 1a is preferably 100 μm or more and 2 mm or less. In addition, the ten-point average roughness of the first surface 1a is measured according to JIS B 0601: 2001. For example, the unevenness of the first surface 1a is formed by providing unevenness on the surface of the first flexible portion 12 on the first insulating film 11 side.

  The second member 2 may have a second flexible part 22. The second flexible portion 22 is disposed so as to be in contact with the second insulating film 21. More specifically, the second flexible portion 22 is disposed in contact with the surface of the second insulating film 21 opposite to the second surface 2a. The second flexible portion 22 has flexibility. That is, the second flexible portion 22 has a lower elastic modulus than the second insulating film 21. The material constituting the second flexible portion 22 is preferably an elastomer. That is, it is preferable that the material constituting the second flexible portion 22 has rubber elasticity.

  The second flexible part 22 has conductivity. The 2nd flexible part 22 is comprised by the elastomer which has electroconductivity, for example. The second flexible portion 22 may be made of an insulating elastomer whose surface is covered with a conductive film. The insulating elastomer is, for example, nitrile rubber or silicon rubber. The material which comprises the electrically conductive film which coat | covers the surface of an insulating elastomer is Ag, Cu, for example.

  In addition, when taking out an electric current from the electric power generation body which concerns on 1st Embodiment, the 1st flexible part 12 and the 2nd flexible part 22 are electrically connected.

  Concavities and convexities may be provided on the second surface 2a. The ten-point average roughness of the second surface 2a is preferably 100 μm or more and 2 mm or less. The ten-point average roughness of the second surface 2a is measured by the same method as the ten-point average roughness of the first surface 1a. For example, the unevenness of the second surface 2a is formed by providing unevenness on the surface of the second flexible portion 22 on the second insulating film 21 side.

  Note that the ten-point average roughness of the first surface 1a and the second surface 2a may not be 100 μm or more and 2 mm or less. Any one of the ten-point average roughness of the first surface 1a and the ten-point average roughness of the second surface 2a may be 100 μm or more and 2 mm or less.

Below, the effect of the electric power generation body which concerns on 1st Embodiment is demonstrated.
As described above, the first surface 1a and the second surface 2a are in contact with each other, but are not in contact with each other. Therefore, in a state where pressure is not applied so that the first member 1 and the second member 2 are relatively close to each other (hereinafter, referred to as a first state), the first flexible portion 12 and the second flexible portion. The amount of charge induced in the portion 22 is relatively small.

  FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram illustrating a state in which pressure is applied from the outside to the power generation body according to the first embodiment. As shown in FIG. 2, pressure is applied to the power generator according to the first embodiment from the outside so that the first member 1 and the second member 2 are relatively close to each other (a state in which this pressure is applied). Hereinafter referred to as a second state).

  As described above, the first flexible portion 12 and the second flexible portion 22 have flexibility. Therefore, when the pressure is applied so that the first member 1 and the second member 2 are relatively close to each other, the first member 1 and the second member 2 are flat on the first surface 1a and the second surface 2a. It transforms to become. As a result, in the second state, the true contact area between the first surface 1a and the second surface 2a increases. Along with this, in the second state, the amount of charge induced in the first flexible portion 12 and the second flexible portion 22 relatively increases.

  When the pressure on the first member 1 and the second member 2 is removed, the power generator returns to the first state again. That is, when the pressure on the first member 1 and the second member 2 is removed, the true contact areas of the first surface 1a and the second surface 2a are reduced. As a result, the amount of charge induced in the first flexible portion 12 and the second flexible portion 22 is relatively decreased again. Therefore, when the first flexible portion 12 and the second flexible portion 22 are electrically connected, the charges induced in the second state are caused by the first flexible portion 12 and the second flexible portion 22. Between the first flexible part 12 and the second flexible part 22, and a current flows between them. Thus, according to the power generator according to the first embodiment, it is possible to perform power generation by contact charging with a simple structure. Such simplification of the structure of the power generation body makes it possible to reduce the size of the power generation body, improve durability, and reduce manufacturing costs.

  Below, the test result which evaluated the influence of the surface roughness of the 1st surface 1a and the 2nd surface 2a is demonstrated. In this test, as the first flexible part 12, a material obtained by vapor-depositing Ag having a thickness of 0.5 μm on the surface of 50 mm × 50 mm silicon rubber was used. As the first insulating film 11, polyurethane having a thickness of 7 μm was used. As the second flexible part 22, a 50 mm × 50 mm nitrile rubber surface bonded with a 74 μm thick Cu foil was used. As the second insulating film 21, a fluororesin (FEP) having a thickness of 12 μm was used.

  FIG. 3 is a graph showing changes in the amount of power generated when the ten-point average roughness of the first surface 1a is changed. The ten-point average roughness of the first surface 1a was changed in the range of 30 μm to 3 mm. As shown in FIG. 3, it was confirmed that the power generation amount rose in the range where the ten-point average roughness of the first surface 1 a was in the range of 100 μm to 2 mm. As described above, in the power generation body according to the first embodiment, the power generation amount may be increased by setting at least one of the ten-point average roughness of the first surface 1a and the second surface 2a to 100 μm or more and 2 mm or less. Confirmed experimentally.

  FIG. 4 is a schematic graph showing the relationship between the thickness T1 and the power generation amount of the power generator according to the first embodiment. In FIG. 4, the power generation amount of the power generation body according to the first embodiment when the thickness T1 is 20 μm is set to 1, and the power generation amount is relatively displayed. As shown in FIG. 4, the power generation amount of the power generator according to the first embodiment increases as the thickness T1 decreases. In particular, the power generation amount of the power generation body according to the first embodiment increases rapidly at 20 μm or less. Thus, an increase in the amount of power generation was experimentally confirmed by setting the thickness T1 (thickness T2) to 20 μm or less.

(Second Embodiment)
The power generator according to the second embodiment will be described below. In the following, differences from the power generation body according to the first embodiment will be mainly described, and overlapping description will not be repeated.

  FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view of the power generator according to the second embodiment. As shown in FIG. 5, the power generator according to the second embodiment includes a first member 1 and a second member 2. The 1st member 1 and the 2nd member 2 are arrange | positioned so that the 1st surface 1a and the 2nd surface 2a may oppose and contact. The true contact area between the first surface 1a and the second surface 2a is changed by applying a pressure such that the first member 1 and the second member 2 are relatively close to each other.

  The first member 1 has a first insulating film 11 and a first flexible part 12. The second member 2 has a second insulating film 21 and a second flexible part 22. In these respects, the configuration of the power generation body according to the second embodiment is common to the configuration of the power generation body according to the first embodiment.

  The power generator according to the second embodiment further includes a third member 3. In this respect, the configuration of the power generation body according to the second embodiment is different from the configuration of the power generation body according to the first embodiment.

  The third member 3 is attached to the surface of the first flexible portion 12 opposite to the first insulating film 11. The third member 3 may be attached to the surface of the second flexible portion 22 opposite to the second insulating film 21. That is, the third member 3 is attached to at least one of the surface of the first flexible portion 12 opposite to the first insulating film 11 and the surface of the second flexible portion 22 opposite to the second insulating film 21. It only has to be done.

  The third member 3 has flexibility. The third member 3 has a smaller elastic modulus than the first flexible portion 12 and the second flexible portion 22. The material constituting the third member 3 is, for example, nitrile rubber.

  Since the third member 3 is flexible and has a lower elastic modulus than the first flexible portion 12 and the second flexible portion 22, it is more gradual than the first flexible portion 12 and the second flexible portion 22. Deform. In the power generator according to the second embodiment, the third member 3 is a surface of the first flexible portion 12 opposite to the first insulating film 11 (opposite of the second insulating film 21 of the second flexible portion 22). Therefore, the time required for shifting from the first state to the second state and the time required for restoring from the second state to the first state are increased. That is, the time that contributes to power generation becomes longer. Therefore, according to the power generator according to the second embodiment, the power generation amount can be increased.

  FIG. 6 is a schematic graph showing a temporal change in the amount of power generation in the power generation body according to the second embodiment. In the test shown in FIG. 6, as the first flexible portion 12, a 50 mm × 50 mm nitrile rubber surface on which 7 μm thick Ag was evaporated was used. As the first insulating film 11, polyurethane having a thickness of 0.5 μm was used. In the test shown in FIG. 6, a second flexible part 22 in which a Cu foil having a thickness of 74 μm was bonded to the surface of 50 mm × 50 mm nitrile rubber was used. As the second insulating film 21, a fluororesin (FEP) having a thickness of 12 μm was used. As the third member 3, a low elastic rubber sheet having a thickness of 3 mm and an elastic modulus of 3 MPa was attached to the surface of the first flexible portion 12 opposite to the first insulating film 11. The pressure which the 1st member 1 and the 2nd member 2 approach relatively was applied by stepping on a power generation body with the heel of shoes. In FIG. 6, as a comparative example, the power generation amount when the third member 3 is not attached is indicated by a dotted line.

  As shown in FIG. 6, in the power generation body according to the second embodiment, the time from the start of power generation to the end of power generation (power generation time) is longer than that in the comparative example. In addition, the power generation amount per pressure application in the comparative example was 0.3 μW, whereas the power generation amount per pressure application in the power generation body according to the second embodiment increased to 6.1 μW. Thus, according to the electric power generation body which concerns on 2nd Embodiment, it was confirmed experimentally that electric power generation amount increases.

(Third embodiment)
Below, the electric power generation body which concerns on 3rd Embodiment is demonstrated. In the following, differences from the power generation body according to the first embodiment will be mainly described, and overlapping description will not be repeated.

  FIG. 7 is a cross-sectional view of a power generator according to the third embodiment. As shown in FIG. 7, the power generation body according to the third embodiment includes a first member 1 and a second member 2. The 1st member 1 and the 2nd member 2 are arrange | positioned so that the 1st surface 1a and the 2nd surface 2a may oppose and contact. The true contact area between the first surface 1a and the second surface 2a is changed by applying a pressure such that the first member 1 and the second member 2 are relatively close to each other.

  The first member 1 has a first insulating film 11 and a first flexible part 12. The second member 2 has a second insulating film 21 and a second flexible part 22. In these points, the configuration of the power generation body according to the third embodiment is common to the configuration of the power generation body according to the first embodiment.

  The power generator according to the third embodiment has a weight 4. In this respect, the power generation body according to the third embodiment is different from the power generation body according to the first embodiment.

  The weight 4 is arrange | positioned so that the 1st member 1 and the 2nd member 2 may apply the pressure which approaches relatively. More specifically, the weight 4 is attached to one of the first member 1 and the second member 2 that is positioned above (the direction opposite to the direction of gravity). In the example of FIG. 7, the second member 2 is positioned above the first member 1, and the weight 4 is attached to the second member 2.

  The power generation body according to the third embodiment generates power by utilizing the change in the true contact area between the first surface 1a and the second surface 2a. By providing the weight 4, a pressure is applied to the power generator according to the third embodiment so that the first member 1 and the second member 2 are relatively close to each other (hereinafter, this pressure is initially pressed). Called pressure). As the initial pressing pressure increases, the pressure acting on the first member 1 and the second member 2 fluctuates greatly when acceleration acts on the power generation body according to the third embodiment from the outside. As the pressure acting on the first member 1 and the second member 2 increases, the variation in the true contact area between the first surface 1a and the second surface 2a also increases. Therefore, according to the power generator according to the third embodiment, the power generation amount can be increased.

  FIG. 8 is a schematic graph showing the relationship between the initial pressing pressure and the power generation amount in the power generation body according to the third embodiment. In the test shown in FIG. 8, the first flexible portion 12 was prepared by depositing Ag having a thickness of 0.5 μm on the surface of a 50 mm × 50 mm nitrile rubber. As the first insulating film 11, polyurethane having a thickness of 7 μm was used. In the test shown in FIG. 5, the second flexible portion 22 was prepared by bonding a Cu foil having a thickness of 74 μm to the surface of a 50 mm × 50 mm nitrile rubber. As the second insulating film 21, a fluororesin (FEP) having a thickness of 12 μm was used.

  The weight of the weight 4 was set so that the initial pressing pressure was 14.1 kPa, 20.8 kPa, 34.3 kPa, 41.1 kPa, 47.8 kPa, and 54.5 kPa. In the test shown in FIG. 8, the power generator according to the third embodiment was vibrated at a frequency of 40 Hz and an acceleration of 2G.

  As shown in FIG. 8, the power generation amount of the power generator according to the third embodiment increases as the initial pressing pressure increases. Thus, it has also been experimentally confirmed that the power generation amount increases according to the power generation body according to the third embodiment.

(Fourth embodiment)
The power generator according to the fourth embodiment will be described below. In the following, differences from the power generation body according to the first embodiment will be mainly described, and overlapping description will not be repeated.

  FIG. 9 is a cross-sectional view of the power generator according to the fourth embodiment. As shown in FIG. 9, the power generating body according to the fourth embodiment includes a first member 1 and a second member 2. The 1st member 1 and the 2nd member 2 are arrange | positioned so that the 1st surface 1a and the 2nd surface 2a may oppose and contact. The true contact area between the first surface 1a and the second surface 2a is changed by applying a pressure such that the first member 1 and the second member 2 are relatively close to each other.

  The first member 1 has a first insulating film 11 and a first flexible part 12. The second member 2 has a second insulating film 21 and a second flexible part 22. In these respects, the configuration of the power generation body according to the fourth embodiment is common to the configuration of the power generation body according to the first embodiment.

  In the power generator according to the fourth embodiment, the positively charged one of the first insulating film 11 and the second insulating film 21 is a diamond-like carbon (DLC) film. In this respect, the power generator according to the fourth embodiment is different from the power generator according to the first embodiment. In the power generation body according to the fourth embodiment, the one that is negatively charged among the first insulating film 11 and the second insulating film 21 may be a perfluoropolyether film.

  As described above, since the power generation body according to the first embodiment generates power by using the change in the true contact area between the first surface 1a and the second surface 2a, the first surface 1a and the second surface 2a are worn. Occurs. Therefore, in the power generation body according to the first embodiment, the amount of power generation may deteriorate with time due to such wear.

  On the other hand, in the power generating body according to the third embodiment, the positively charged one of the first insulating film 11 and the second insulating film 21 is the DLC film. The DLC film has a high hardness. Further, the DLC film has a low friction coefficient. For this reason, in the power generation body according to the third embodiment, the power generation amount is less likely to deteriorate with time due to wear of the first surface 1a and the second surface 2a.

  FIG. 10 is a schematic graph showing the relationship between the number of power generations and the amount of power generated by the power generation body according to the fourth embodiment. In the test shown in FIG. 10, the first flexible portion 12 used was a 50 mm × 50 mm nitrile rubber surface on which 0.5 μm thick Ag was vapor-deposited. As the first insulating film 11, a DLC film having a thickness of 2 μm was used. In the test shown in FIG. 10, the second flexible part 22 was a 50 mm × 50 mm nitrile rubber surface bonded with a 74 μm thick Cu foil. As the second insulating film 21, a fluororesin (FEP) having a thickness of 12 μm was used. In FIG. 10, as a comparative example, the relationship between the number of power generations and the amount of power generation when polyurethane is used as the first insulating film 11 is indicated by a dotted line. In FIG. 10, the relative power generation amount was evaluated with the power generation amount at the first power generation as 100%.

  As shown in FIG. 10, in the comparative example, the power generation amount decreased as the number of power generations increased. More specifically, in the comparative example, the power generation amount decreased by about 20 percent within the range where the number of power generations was 600,000 times or more. On the other hand, in the power generator according to the fourth embodiment, there was no particular decrease in the amount of power generated even when the number of power generations increased. As described above, according to the power generation body according to the fourth embodiment, it was experimentally confirmed that the temporal change in the power generation amount is suppressed.

  A perfluoroether film has high lubricity. Therefore, in the power generating body according to the fourth embodiment, even when the negatively charged one of the first insulating film 11 and the second insulating film 21 is a perfluoropolyether film, the first surface 1a and the second surface 1 It is difficult for the power generation amount to deteriorate with time due to wear of the surface 2a.

(Fifth embodiment)
The power generator according to the fifth embodiment will be described below. In the following, differences from the power generation body according to the first embodiment will be mainly described, and overlapping description will not be repeated.

  FIG. 11 is a plan view of a power generator according to the fifth embodiment. 12 is a cross-sectional view taken along line XII-XII in FIG. As shown in FIGS. 11 and 12, the power generating body according to the fifth embodiment includes a first member 1 and a second member 2. The 1st member 1 and the 2nd member 2 are arrange | positioned so that the 1st surface 1a and the 2nd surface 2a may oppose and contact. The real contact area between the first surface 1a and the second surface 2a is changed by applying a pressure that causes the first member 1 and the second member 2 to relatively approach each other. In these respects, the power generator according to the fifth embodiment is common to the power generator according to the first embodiment.

  In the power generator according to the fifth embodiment, the first member 1 and the second member 2 are fibrous members. The first member 1 and the second member 2 are woven by being woven. In these points, the power generator according to the fifth embodiment is different from the power generator according to the first embodiment. In addition, in the electric power generation body which concerns on 5th Embodiment, the outer peripheral surface of the 1st member 1 and the 2nd member 2 which are fibrous members respond | corresponds to the 1st surface 1a and the 2nd surface 2a, respectively.

  In the power generation body according to the fifth embodiment, the first member 1 has first fibers 13. The first fiber 13 has conductivity. Preferably, the first fiber 13 has flexibility. The first fiber 13 is, for example, a Cu wire or a stainless steel wire. The first fiber 13 has an outer peripheral surface 13a. The outer peripheral surface 13 a is covered with the first insulating film 11. In the power generation body according to the fifth embodiment, the second member 2 has second fibers 23. The second fiber 23 has conductivity. Preferably, the second fiber 23 has flexibility. The second fiber 23 is, for example, a Cu wire or a stainless steel wire. The second fiber 23 has an outer peripheral surface 23a. The outer peripheral surface 23 a is covered with the second insulating film 21.

  FIG. 13 is a schematic diagram illustrating a state in which pressure is applied from the outside to the power generation body according to the fifth embodiment. As shown in FIG. 13, the second member 2 (first member) is applied to the power generating body according to the fifth embodiment by applying a pressure such that the first member 1 and the second member 2 relatively approach each other. 1) is deformed along the shape of the first surface 1a of the first member 1 (the second surface 2a of the second member 2). Thereby, the real contact area of the 1st surface 1a and the 2nd surface 2a changes. Therefore, in the power generation body according to the fifth embodiment, due to the change in the true contact area between the first surface 1a and the second surface 2a, the simple structure is similar to the power generation body according to the first embodiment. Can generate electricity.

  As an example of the power generation body according to the fifth embodiment, a 30 mm × 40 mm woven fabric was prepared by weaving the first member 1 and the second member 2. In this example, the first insulating film 11 was polyester having a thickness of 30 μm, and the first fibers 13 were Cu wires having a diameter of 0.2 mm. In this example, the second insulating film 21 was 3 μm thick perfluoroether, and the second fibers 23 were 0.2 mm stainless steel wires. When a load was applied with the entire fabric sandwiched between aluminum plates, a maximum voltage of about 0.45 V could be extracted from the fabric. Thus, according to the power generator according to the fifth embodiment, it was experimentally confirmed that power generation was possible with a simple structure.

(Sixth embodiment)
The power generator according to the sixth embodiment will be described below.

  FIG. 14 is a cross-sectional view of the power generator according to the sixth embodiment. As shown in FIG. 14, the power generation device according to the sixth embodiment includes a plurality of first members 1 and a plurality of second members 2. The second member 2 is disposed between the first members 1. The second surface 2 a is provided on both surfaces of the second member 2. The 2nd member 2 is arrange | positioned between the 1st members 1 so that the 2nd surface 2a may oppose and contact the 1st surface 1a.

  From another viewpoint, the power generator according to the sixth embodiment is such that the power generator according to the first to fifth embodiments is directed from the first member 1 toward the second member 2. It has a stacked structure.

  According to the power generation device according to the sixth embodiment, power generation is performed at a plurality of locations by changing the true contact area between the first surface 1a and the second surface 2a. Therefore, the power generation amount according to the sixth embodiment can increase the power generation amount.

(Seventh embodiment)
The pressure sensor according to the sixth embodiment will be described below.

  FIG. 15 is a schematic diagram of a pressure sensor according to the seventh embodiment. As shown in FIG. 15, the pressure sensor according to the seventh embodiment includes a power generator 100 and a detection unit 200. The power generator 100 is a power generator according to the first to fifth embodiments. The detection unit 200 detects the current output from the power generation body 100. Note that the detection unit 200 may detect a voltage output from the power generator 100. The detection unit 200 is connected to the power generator 100. More specifically, the detection unit 200 is connected to the first flexible part 12 and the second flexible part 22 (or the first fiber 13 and the second fiber 23). As the detection unit 200, for example, a comparator circuit using an operational amplifier is used.

  As described above, when a pressure that causes the first member 1 and the second member 2 to relatively approach the power generation body 100 is applied from the outside, the power generation body 100 outputs a current and a voltage. Therefore, by detecting this current or voltage with the detection unit 200, the pressure applied to the power generation body 100 from the outside can be detected.

  As described above, the embodiment of the present invention has been described. However, the above-described embodiment can be variously modified. Further, the scope of the present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiment. The scope of the present invention is defined by the terms of the claims, and is intended to include any modifications within the scope and meaning equivalent to the terms of the claims.

  Each of the above embodiments is particularly advantageously applied to a power generator, a power generator, and a pressure sensor.

  DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 1st member, 1a 1st surface, 2 2nd member, 2a 2nd surface, 3rd member, 4 Weight, 5 clamping member, 11 1st insulating film, 12 1st flexible part, 13 1st fiber, 13a outer peripheral surface, 21 2nd insulating film, 22 2nd flexible part, 23 2nd fiber, 23a outer peripheral surface, 100 electric power generation body, 200 detection part, T1, T2 thickness.

Claims (13)

A first member having a first surface;
A second member having a second surface,
The first member has a first insulating film constituting the first surface,
The second member includes a second insulating film that constitutes the second surface and is charged to a polarity opposite to that of the first insulating film by being in contact with the first insulating film,
The first member and the second member are arranged so that the first surface and the second surface are in contact with each other,
A power generating body in which a true contact area between the first surface and the second surface is changed by applying pressure so that the first member and the second member are relatively close to each other. The first member further includes a conductive first flexible portion in contact with the first insulating film,
The second member further includes a conductive second flexible portion in contact with the second insulating film,
The elastic modulus of the first flexible part is lower than that of the first insulating film,
The elastic modulus of the second flexible part is lower than that of the second insulating film,
The power generator according to claim 1, wherein unevenness is provided on at least one of the first surface and the second surface.   The power generator according to claim 2, wherein the first flexible part and the second flexible part are made of a conductive elastomer or an insulating elastomer whose surface is covered with a conductive film.   The power generator according to claim 2 or 3, further comprising a weight attached to an upper position of the first member and the second member.   5. The power generator according to claim 2, wherein at least one of the first surface and the second surface has a ten-point average roughness of 100 μm to 2 mm. A third member;
The third member is attached to a side of the first flexible portion opposite to the first insulating film and a side of the second flexible portion opposite to the second insulating film,
6. The power generator according to claim 2, wherein an elastic modulus of the third member is smaller than that of the first flexible part and the second flexible part. The first member further has a conductive first fiber,
The second member further has a conductive second fiber,
The outer peripheral surface of the first fiber is covered with the first insulating film,
The outer peripheral surface of the second fiber is covered with the second insulating film,
The fact that the first member and the second member are deformed along the first surface by applying pressure so that the first member and the second member are relatively close to each other causes the truth of the first surface and the second surface. The power generator according to claim 1, wherein the contact area changes. Materials constituting the first insulating film and the second insulating film are polymethyl methacrylate, nylon, polyvinyl alcohol, polyester, polyisobutylene, polyurethane, polyethylene terephthalate, polyvinyl butyral, polychloroprene, natural rubber, polyacrylonitrile, polydiphenol carbonate. Selected from the group consisting of polyether chloride, polyvinylidene chloride, polystyrene, polyethylene, polypropylene, polyimide, polyvinyl chloride, polydimethylsiloxane, polytetrafluoroethylene, tetrafluoroethylene and hexafluoropropylene copolymer,
The power generator according to any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein materials constituting the first insulating film and the second insulating film are different from each other.   The power generator according to any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein the positively charged one of the first insulating film and the second insulating film is a diamond-like carbon film.   The power generator according to claim 1, wherein the negatively charged one of the first insulating film and the second insulating film is a perfluoropolyether film.   The power generator according to claim 10, wherein at least one of the first insulating film and the second insulating film has a thickness of 20 μm or less. A plurality of the power generators according to any one of claims 1 to 11,
Each of the plurality of power generators is stacked along a direction from the first member toward the second member. The power generator according to any one of claims 1 to 11,
A detector connected to the power generator,
The said detection part is a pressure sensor which detects at least one of the electric current and voltage which are output from the said electric power generation body.

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