JP2018188316A - Hydrogen generator - Google Patents
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- JP2018188316A JP2018188316A JP2017089366A JP2017089366A JP2018188316A JP 2018188316 A JP2018188316 A JP 2018188316A JP 2017089366 A JP2017089366 A JP 2017089366A JP 2017089366 A JP2017089366 A JP 2017089366A JP 2018188316 A JP2018188316 A JP 2018188316A
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- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 185
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 185
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 100
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 90
- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 87
- 150000002431 hydrogen Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 86
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 75
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 abstract description 25
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonia Chemical compound N QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 50
- 229910021529 ammonia Inorganic materials 0.000 description 25
- 125000006850 spacer group Chemical group 0.000 description 9
- 239000010409 thin film Substances 0.000 description 6
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000000354 decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 description 5
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 5
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 description 5
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 5
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000004888 barrier function Effects 0.000 description 4
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000010408 film Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229930195733 hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 description 3
- 150000002430 hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 125000004435 hydrogen atom Chemical group [H]* 0.000 description 3
- 239000012466 permeate Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000011144 upstream manufacturing Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000004215 Carbon black (E152) Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910001252 Pd alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000011261 inert gas Substances 0.000 description 2
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000010955 niobium Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000000629 steam reforming Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000010936 titanium Substances 0.000 description 2
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZOKXTWBITQBERF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Molybdenum Chemical compound [Mo] ZOKXTWBITQBERF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004642 Polyimide Substances 0.000 description 1
- RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titanium Chemical compound [Ti] RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Urea Chemical compound NC(N)=O XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910021536 Zeolite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N acrylic acid group Chemical group C(C=C)(=O)O NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- -1 alumina Chemical compound 0.000 description 1
- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium oxide Inorganic materials [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- JRPBQTZRNDNNOP-UHFFFAOYSA-N barium titanate Chemical compound [Ba+2].[Ba+2].[O-][Ti]([O-])([O-])[O-] JRPBQTZRNDNNOP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910002113 barium titanate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000004202 carbamide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010941 cobalt Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910017052 cobalt Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N cobalt atom Chemical compound [Co] GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- HNPSIPDUKPIQMN-UHFFFAOYSA-N dioxosilane;oxo(oxoalumanyloxy)alumane Chemical compound O=[Si]=O.O=[Al]O[Al]=O HNPSIPDUKPIQMN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002309 gasification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052735 hafnium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- VBJZVLUMGGDVMO-UHFFFAOYSA-N hafnium atom Chemical compound [Hf] VBJZVLUMGGDVMO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052750 molybdenum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011733 molybdenum Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- FEBJSGQWYJIENF-UHFFFAOYSA-N nickel niobium Chemical compound [Ni].[Nb] FEBJSGQWYJIENF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- HBVFXTAPOLSOPB-UHFFFAOYSA-N nickel vanadium Chemical compound [V].[Ni] HBVFXTAPOLSOPB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZSJFLDUTBDIFLJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N nickel zirconium Chemical compound [Ni].[Zr] ZSJFLDUTBDIFLJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052758 niobium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- GUCVJGMIXFAOAE-UHFFFAOYSA-N niobium atom Chemical compound [Nb] GUCVJGMIXFAOAE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052755 nonmetal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000002843 nonmetals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229920002492 poly(sulfone) Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000515 polycarbonate Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004417 polycarbonate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920001721 polyimide Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000003566 sealing material Substances 0.000 description 1
- VSZWPYCFIRKVQL-UHFFFAOYSA-N selanylidenegallium;selenium Chemical compound [Se].[Se]=[Ga].[Se]=[Ga] VSZWPYCFIRKVQL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002356 single layer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052715 tantalum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- GUVRBAGPIYLISA-UHFFFAOYSA-N tantalum atom Chemical compound [Ta] GUVRBAGPIYLISA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052719 titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- LEONUFNNVUYDNQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N vanadium atom Chemical compound [V] LEONUFNNVUYDNQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000010457 zeolite Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
- B01D53/22—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols by diffusion
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
- C01B3/00—Hydrogen; Gaseous mixtures containing hydrogen; Separation of hydrogen from mixtures containing it; Purification of hydrogen
- C01B3/02—Production of hydrogen or of gaseous mixtures containing a substantial proportion of hydrogen
- C01B3/04—Production of hydrogen or of gaseous mixtures containing a substantial proportion of hydrogen by decomposition of inorganic compounds, e.g. ammonia
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
- C01B3/00—Hydrogen; Gaseous mixtures containing hydrogen; Separation of hydrogen from mixtures containing it; Purification of hydrogen
- C01B3/50—Separation of hydrogen or hydrogen containing gases from gaseous mixtures, e.g. purification
- C01B3/56—Separation of hydrogen or hydrogen containing gases from gaseous mixtures, e.g. purification by contacting with solids; Regeneration of used solids
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/06—Combination of fuel cells with means for production of reactants or for treatment of residues
- H01M8/0606—Combination of fuel cells with means for production of reactants or for treatment of residues with means for production of gaseous reactants
- H01M8/0656—Combination of fuel cells with means for production of reactants or for treatment of residues with means for production of gaseous reactants by electrochemical means
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
- Y02E60/36—Hydrogen production from non-carbon containing sources, e.g. by water electrolysis
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
- Y02E60/50—Fuel cells
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
- Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
- Separation Using Semi-Permeable Membranes (AREA)
- Hydrogen, Water And Hydrids (AREA)
- Fuel Cell (AREA)
Abstract
Description
本発明は、水素生成装置に関する。特に、水素の収率が高く、水素の生成量を容易に制御することができる水素生成装置に関する。 The present invention relates to a hydrogen generator. In particular, the present invention relates to a hydrogen generator that has a high hydrogen yield and can easily control the amount of hydrogen generated.
高純度の水素を生成し、燃料電池等に安定供給する技術が求められている。水素を生成する方法としては、たとえば炭化水素ガスを水蒸気改質する方法が知られている。しかし炭化水素の水蒸気改質では、原料に対して水蒸気のモル比が低くなったときに炭素が析出して触媒が失活するという問題がある。このため、水素の生成量に対応して工程条件を厳しく管理する必要がある。 There is a need for a technology that generates high-purity hydrogen and stably supplies it to fuel cells and the like. As a method of generating hydrogen, for example, a method of steam reforming a hydrocarbon gas is known. However, the steam reforming of hydrocarbons has a problem that when the molar ratio of steam to the raw material is low, carbon is precipitated and the catalyst is deactivated. For this reason, it is necessary to strictly manage the process conditions corresponding to the amount of hydrogen produced.
発明者らは、アンモニアを放電によりプラズマとして水素を生成する方法および装置を発明し、特許文献１として開示した。特許文献１には、プラズマ反応器と、高電圧電極と、接地電極とを備えている水素生成装置を開示している。特許文献１の水素生成装置は、水素分離膜が高電圧電極として機能しており、常温大気圧の条件下で、水素分離膜が接地電極との間で誘電体バリア放電し、供給されたガスに含まれるアンモニアをプラズマとすることによって高純度の水素を生成する。特許文献１の水素生成装置は、対向している高電圧電極と接地電極との間で放電して原料ガスがプラズマ状態になるため、プラズマ化している原料ガスの体積は、電極同士が対向している部分の体積と実質的に同じとなる。 The inventors have invented a method and apparatus for generating hydrogen using ammonia as a plasma by discharging, and disclosed it as Patent Document 1. Patent Document 1 discloses a hydrogen generation apparatus including a plasma reactor, a high voltage electrode, and a ground electrode. In the hydrogen generation apparatus of Patent Document 1, the hydrogen separation membrane functions as a high-voltage electrode, and under a condition of room temperature and atmospheric pressure, the hydrogen separation membrane discharges a dielectric barrier between the ground electrode and the supplied gas. High-purity hydrogen is generated by using ammonia contained in the plasma as plasma. In the hydrogen generation apparatus of Patent Document 1, since the raw material gas is in a plasma state by discharging between the high voltage electrode and the ground electrode facing each other, the volume of the raw material gas converted into plasma is such that the electrodes face each other. It becomes substantially the same as the volume of the portion.
特許文献１のプラズマ放電を利用した水素生成装置では、円筒形の反応容器内の原料を均一にプラズマ化するための電力を、反応容器の容量に従って増加させる必要があった。大型の反応容器では、小型の反応容器よりもむしろエネルギー効率が悪くなることがあり、水素の大量生産が必要となったときに、水素の収率が低くなるおそれがあった。 In the hydrogen generator using plasma discharge disclosed in Patent Document 1, it is necessary to increase the electric power for uniformly converting the raw material in the cylindrical reaction vessel into a plasma according to the capacity of the reaction vessel. A large reaction vessel may be less energy efficient than a small reaction vessel, and the hydrogen yield may be reduced when mass production of hydrogen is required.
本発明はかかる現状に鑑みてなされものであって、水素の生成量を容易に制御することができ、しかも高純度の水素を常時高収率で生成可能な水素生成装置を提供することを解決すべき課題としてなされたものである。 The present invention has been made in view of the current situation, and solves the problem of providing a hydrogen generator capable of easily controlling the amount of hydrogen produced and capable of constantly producing high-purity hydrogen in a high yield. It was made as an issue to be done.
本発明の水素生成装置は、誘電体と、電極と、水素分離膜と、高電圧電源とを備えている。誘電体は、原料ガス流路が連続する溝として形成されている第一の面とこの第一の面に対して略平行な第二の面とを有する平板状の誘電体である。電極は誘電体の第二の面に対向して配置され、水素分離膜は誘電体の第一の面側に配置されて原料ガス流路の溝の開口部を被覆する。高電圧電源は、水素分離膜または電極に電力を供給して放電を発生させる。本発明の水素生成装置は、電極と水素分離膜とが前記誘電体に対して非対称な位置に配置されていることを特徴とする。 The hydrogen generator of the present invention includes a dielectric, an electrode, a hydrogen separation membrane, and a high voltage power source. The dielectric is a flat dielectric having a first surface formed as a groove in which the source gas flow paths are continuous and a second surface substantially parallel to the first surface. The electrode is disposed to face the second surface of the dielectric, and the hydrogen separation film is disposed on the first surface side of the dielectric to cover the opening of the groove of the source gas flow path. The high voltage power supply supplies electric power to the hydrogen separation membrane or electrode to generate discharge. The hydrogen generator of the present invention is characterized in that the electrode and the hydrogen separation membrane are disposed at positions asymmetric with respect to the dielectric.
本発明の水素生成装置は、誘電体上に原料ガス流路が溝として形成されており、溝の開口部を覆うように水素分離膜が配置されている。水素分離膜と、この水素分離膜に対して誘電体を挟んで対向する電極のどちらかに電力が供給されることで原料ガス流路内で放電が発生し、原料ガスがプラズマとなり、水素が生成する。 In the hydrogen generator of the present invention, the source gas flow path is formed as a groove on the dielectric, and the hydrogen separation membrane is disposed so as to cover the opening of the groove. Electric power is supplied to either the hydrogen separation membrane or an electrode facing the hydrogen separation membrane with a dielectric interposed therebetween, whereby a discharge occurs in the source gas flow path, the source gas becomes plasma, and hydrogen is Generate.
本発明の水素生成装置は、水素分離膜が誘電体の前記第一の面全体を被覆していることが好ましい。さらに、電極の第二の面に対向する部分の面積は、水素分離膜の面積の１％以上６０％以下であることが好ましい。 In the hydrogen generator of the present invention, the hydrogen separation membrane preferably covers the entire first surface of the dielectric. Furthermore, the area of the portion facing the second surface of the electrode is preferably 1% or more and 60% or less of the area of the hydrogen separation membrane.
水素分離膜と電極との間の放電による原料ガスのプラズマ化によって、原料ガス流路で生成した水素は、原料ガス流路の開口部を覆う水素分離膜を透過して原料ガスから分離される。原料ガスの水素への分解と、生成した水素の原料ガスからの分離を効率よく行うことができ、高収率で水素ガスを生成することができる。 Hydrogen produced in the raw material gas flow path by the gasification of the raw material gas by discharge between the hydrogen separation membrane and the electrode permeates the hydrogen separation membrane covering the opening of the raw material gas flow path and is separated from the raw material gas. . The decomposition of the raw material gas into hydrogen and the separation of the generated hydrogen from the raw material gas can be efficiently performed, and the hydrogen gas can be generated with a high yield.
本発明の水素生成装置は、水素分離膜と電極とが誘電体に対して非対称に配置されている。これにより、放電によるプラズマが、電極を起点にして電極の対向していない原料ガス流路の上流から下流に広がり、プラズマの発生する領域が拡大する。 In the hydrogen generator of the present invention, the hydrogen separation membrane and the electrode are disposed asymmetrically with respect to the dielectric. As a result, the plasma due to the discharge spreads from the upstream to the downstream of the source gas flow channel that is not opposed to the electrode starting from the electrode, and the region where the plasma is generated is expanded.
本発明の水素生成装置の誘電体は、原料ガスの流路である溝の断面形状、原料ガス流路の全長、水素分離膜との接触面積、原料ガスの供給速度、印加電圧に加えて、電極の配置を適宜変更することで、水素の生成量を制御することができる。 In addition to the cross-sectional shape of the groove that is the flow path of the raw material gas, the total length of the raw material gas flow path, the contact area with the hydrogen separation membrane, the supply speed of the raw material gas, and the applied voltage, The amount of hydrogen generated can be controlled by appropriately changing the arrangement of the electrodes.
本発明の水素生成装置は、原料ガスの流れがある状態で、原料ガスのプラズマを効率的に発生させて水素生成量を制御することができる。 The hydrogen generation apparatus of the present invention can control the amount of hydrogen generation by efficiently generating the plasma of the source gas in a state where there is a flow of the source gas.
本発明の水素生成装置は、水素分離膜と対向している電極を水素分離膜よりも小さくし、電極が誘電体に対向している面積を水素分離膜の面積の１％〜６０％とすることで、水素分離膜と電極間の静電容量を小さくし、少ない電力でプラズマを生成することができ、高電圧電源の省電力化を図ることができる。 In the hydrogen generator of the present invention, the electrode facing the hydrogen separation membrane is made smaller than the hydrogen separation membrane, and the area where the electrode faces the dielectric is 1% to 60% of the area of the hydrogen separation membrane. Thus, the capacitance between the hydrogen separation membrane and the electrode can be reduced, plasma can be generated with a small amount of power, and power saving of the high voltage power source can be achieved.
本発明の水素生成装置は、水素分離膜と対向している電極の面積が水素分離膜の面積よりも小さいにもかかわらず、原料ガス流路全体に対して、原料ガスがプラズマ化している部分の割合は大きくなる。プラズマ化している面積が大きいことで、アンモニアの分解が進み、アンモニアが分解して生成した水素分子が水素原子になっている割合が多くなる。この結果、水素生成量の制御および大容量化が可能となる。 The hydrogen generation apparatus of the present invention is a portion in which the source gas is turned into plasma with respect to the entire source gas flow path even though the area of the electrode facing the hydrogen separation membrane is smaller than the area of the hydrogen separation membrane. The proportion of increases. Since the area converted into plasma is large, the decomposition of ammonia proceeds, and the proportion of hydrogen molecules generated by the decomposition of ammonia becoming hydrogen atoms increases. As a result, the amount of hydrogen produced can be controlled and the capacity can be increased.
本発明の水素生成装置は、電極と水素分離膜が誘電体に対して非対称な位置に配置されていることを特徴とする。ここで言う非対称な配置とは、以下の２通りの配置を含む。
すなわち、誘電体に対向する電極の面積が誘電体に対向する水素分離膜の面積と異なっている配置と、電極と水素分離膜の誘電体に対する位置が、誘電体の任意の位置に対して、面対称、線対称、点対称のいずれでもない配置である。
The hydrogen generator of the present invention is characterized in that the electrode and the hydrogen separation membrane are disposed at positions asymmetric with respect to the dielectric. The asymmetric arrangement mentioned here includes the following two arrangements.
That is, an arrangement in which the area of the electrode facing the dielectric is different from the area of the hydrogen separation membrane facing the dielectric, and the position of the electrode and the hydrogen separation film with respect to the dielectric is relative to an arbitrary position of the dielectric, It is an arrangement that is neither plane-symmetric, line-symmetric, or point-symmetric.
本発明の水素生成装置は、水素分離膜と対向している電極の面積が、水素分離膜の面積よりも小さいにもかかわらず、原料ガス流路内で原料ガスがプラズマとなる領域はより大きくなり、原料ガス流路全体でプラズマが発生することを特徴とする。プラズマ化している領域が広いことで、アンモニアの分解およびアンモニアから分解して生成した水素分子が水素原子になっている割合が多くなり、水素生成量の制御および大容量化が可能となる。従来技術では、対向している接地電極と高電圧電極との間で放電しプラズマ状態になるため、プラズマ化する領域は、対向している電極間の体積と実質的に同一となっていた。これに対して本発明では、水素分離膜と対向している電極を起点にしてプラズマが電極が対向していない流路方向、すなわち原料ガスの上流から下流に広がり、プラズマの面積が拡大される。ここで、水素生成装置において、原料ガスの流量を少なくしていくと、プラズマの原料ガス流路方向への広がりは減少していく。そして原料ガス流量がゼロの状態では、プラズマの流路方向への広がりがなく、電極から水素分離膜に対して垂直な方向でのみプラズマが発生する。つまり本発明の水素生成装置は、原料ガスの流れがある中で、プラズマを効率的に発生させ、水素生成量を制御するために好適な装置である。特に、水素分離膜と対向している電極を水素分離膜よりも小さく、水素分離膜の面積の１％〜６０％とすることが特に効果的である。電極が水素分離膜に対向する面積が小さくなると、水素分離膜と電極間の静電容量が小さくなり、少ない電力でプラズマを生成することができ、高電圧電源の省電力化を図ることができる。 The hydrogen generation apparatus of the present invention has a larger region in which the source gas becomes plasma in the source gas flow path even though the area of the electrode facing the hydrogen separation membrane is smaller than the area of the hydrogen separation membrane. Thus, plasma is generated in the entire source gas flow path. Since the plasma-generated region is wide, the proportion of hydrogen molecules generated by decomposition of ammonia and the decomposition of ammonia into hydrogen atoms increases, and the amount of hydrogen generated can be controlled and the capacity can be increased. In the prior art, the plasma is generated between the ground electrode and the high-voltage electrode facing each other, so that the plasma region is substantially the same as the volume between the facing electrodes. On the other hand, in the present invention, plasma spreads from the electrode facing the hydrogen separation membrane in the direction of the flow path where the electrode is not opposed, that is, from upstream to downstream of the source gas, and the plasma area is expanded. . Here, in the hydrogen generator, when the flow rate of the source gas is decreased, the spread of the plasma in the direction of the source gas channel decreases. When the raw material gas flow rate is zero, plasma does not spread in the direction of the flow path of the plasma, and plasma is generated only in the direction perpendicular to the hydrogen separation membrane from the electrode. That is, the hydrogen generation apparatus of the present invention is a suitable apparatus for efficiently generating plasma and controlling the amount of hydrogen generation in the presence of a raw material gas flow. In particular, it is particularly effective that the electrode facing the hydrogen separation membrane is smaller than the hydrogen separation membrane and is 1% to 60% of the area of the hydrogen separation membrane. When the area where the electrode faces the hydrogen separation membrane is reduced, the capacitance between the hydrogen separation membrane and the electrode is reduced, plasma can be generated with a small amount of power, and power saving of the high voltage power supply can be achieved. .
以下に、本発明の好適な実施形態を列記する。
（１）水素生成装置で好適に用いられる原料ガスは、アンモニア、またはメタン等の炭化水素系ガス、アンモニア単体ではなくアンモニアと不活性ガスの混合ガスとすることができる。また、液化アンモニアや尿素から発生したアンモニア単体またはそのアンモニアと不活性ガスの混合ガスとすることができる。
（２）生成した水素を導出するための水素流路板が、水素分離膜に隣接して配置される。水素流路板には水素分離膜を通過した水素を受け入れる水素流路と水素導出口が設けられる。
（３）水素分離膜は、高電圧電源に接続された場合、高電圧電極として機能する。水素分離膜が高電圧電極として機能しているとき、誘電体の第二の面に対向するように配置された電極は接地電極として機能する。このとき、絶縁スペーサが水素分離膜と水素流路板との間に配置される。
（４）水素分離膜は、アースされている場合、接地電極として機能する。水素分離膜が接地電極として機能しているとき、誘電体の第二の面に対向するように配置された電極が高電圧電極として機能する。このとき、絶縁スペーサが、高電圧電極の外側に配置される。
（５）高電圧電極と接地電極とは誘電体を隔てて対向しており、誘電体バリア放電によって、原料ガス流路の中の原料ガスを大気圧非平衡プラズマとする。高電圧電源は、高電圧電極に対して、両極性パルス波形を印加する。
（６）誘電体は、石英ガラスなどのガラス、アルミナなどのセラミックス、チタン酸バリウム、ポリカーボネート、アクリルなどの絶縁性の高い樹脂で形成される。
（７）電極は平板状または棒状に形成されており、誘電体に対向する部分の面積は、誘電体の第二の面の面積よりも小さい。
Hereinafter, preferred embodiments of the present invention will be listed.
(1) The raw material gas suitably used in the hydrogen generator can be ammonia or a hydrocarbon-based gas such as methane, or a mixed gas of ammonia and an inert gas instead of ammonia alone. Further, ammonia alone generated from liquefied ammonia or urea, or a mixed gas of the ammonia and an inert gas can be used.
(2) A hydrogen channel plate for deriving the generated hydrogen is disposed adjacent to the hydrogen separation membrane. The hydrogen channel plate is provided with a hydrogen channel and a hydrogen outlet for receiving hydrogen that has passed through the hydrogen separation membrane.
(3) The hydrogen separation membrane functions as a high voltage electrode when connected to a high voltage power source. When the hydrogen separation membrane functions as a high voltage electrode, the electrode disposed so as to face the second surface of the dielectric functions as a ground electrode. At this time, the insulating spacer is disposed between the hydrogen separation membrane and the hydrogen flow path plate.
(4) When the hydrogen separation membrane is grounded, it functions as a ground electrode. When the hydrogen separation membrane functions as a ground electrode, the electrode arranged to face the second surface of the dielectric functions as a high voltage electrode. At this time, the insulating spacer is disposed outside the high voltage electrode.
(5) The high voltage electrode and the ground electrode are opposed to each other with a dielectric therebetween, and the source gas in the source gas channel is changed to atmospheric pressure non-equilibrium plasma by dielectric barrier discharge. The high voltage power supply applies a bipolar pulse waveform to the high voltage electrode.
(6) The dielectric is formed of a highly insulating resin such as glass such as quartz glass, ceramics such as alumina, barium titanate, polycarbonate, and acrylic.
(7) The electrode is formed in a flat plate shape or a rod shape, and the area of the portion facing the dielectric is smaller than the area of the second surface of the dielectric.
（実施例１）
以下、本発明にかかる水素生成装置の好適な実施例について、図面を参照しつつ説明する。図１は、本発明の実施例に従った水素生成装置１を模式的に示す斜視図である。図２は、水素生成装置１の各構成要素の正面と上面と右側面とを示した分解斜視図である。尚、以下の説明において、相対的な位置関係を示す上下左右の用語は、図面に示した上下左右の方向に対応している。
(Example 1)
Preferred embodiments of the hydrogen generator according to the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 is a perspective view schematically showing a hydrogen generator 1 according to an embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 2 is an exploded perspective view showing the front, top, and right side of each component of the hydrogen generator 1. In the following description, the terms “upper”, “left”, “right” and “left” indicating the relative positional relationship correspond to the upper, lower, left and right directions shown in the drawings.
水素生成装置１は、誘電体２と、電極３と、水素流路板４と、水素分離膜５と、高電圧電源６と、絶縁スペーサ７とを備えている。誘電体２、水素流路板４、及び絶縁スペーサ７は、側面の縦横比がほぼ同一の矩形形状に形成されている。水素分離膜５の縦横比もまた、誘電体２と実質的に同一となっている。 The hydrogen generator 1 includes a dielectric 2, an electrode 3, a hydrogen flow path plate 4, a hydrogen separation membrane 5, a high voltage power supply 6, and an insulating spacer 7. The dielectric 2, the hydrogen flow path plate 4, and the insulating spacer 7 are formed in a rectangular shape having substantially the same side-to-side aspect ratio. The aspect ratio of the hydrogen separation membrane 5 is also substantially the same as that of the dielectric 2.
誘電体２は、原料ガス流路１３が形成された第一の面１１と、この第一の面１１に対して略平行な第二の面１２とを有した、石英ガラス製の平板状の部材である。図２に示すように、誘電体２の第一の面１１に、開口部を有する溝として、原料ガス流路１３が形成されている。原料ガス流路１３の形成されるパターンは、原料ガスの流量と原料ガスに印加する電圧とを考慮して適宜設定することができる。図２には、一例として、原料ガス入口１４に連通して、誘電体２の上面と平行な直線状に延びる往路部分１６と、往路部分１６から折り返して往路部分１６と平行に延びる復路部分１７と、が交互に均一な間隔で複数回接続した原料ガス流路１３を示している。 The dielectric 2 is a quartz glass flat plate having a first surface 11 on which a source gas flow path 13 is formed and a second surface 12 substantially parallel to the first surface 11. It is a member. As shown in FIG. 2, a source gas flow path 13 is formed in the first surface 11 of the dielectric 2 as a groove having an opening. The pattern in which the source gas channel 13 is formed can be appropriately set in consideration of the flow rate of the source gas and the voltage applied to the source gas. In FIG. 2, as an example, an outward path portion 16 that communicates with the source gas inlet 14 and extends in a straight line parallel to the upper surface of the dielectric 2, and a return path portion 17 that is folded back from the forward path portion 16 and extends in parallel with the forward path portion 16. And the source gas flow path 13 connected alternately at a uniform interval a plurality of times.
本実施例において、電極３は、上下方向の長さが誘電体２と実質的に同一であり、奥行き方向において誘電体２のほぼ１／３の長さを有する平板状の電極であり。電極３の一つの面が誘電体２の第二の面１２に対向している。電極３は接地されており、接地電極として機能する。 In this embodiment, the electrode 3 is a flat electrode having a length in the vertical direction substantially the same as that of the dielectric 2 and having a length of about 1/3 of the dielectric 2 in the depth direction. One surface of the electrode 3 faces the second surface 12 of the dielectric 2. The electrode 3 is grounded and functions as a ground electrode.
水素分離膜５は、誘電体２の第一の面１１に接するように配置されて、原料ガス流路１３の開口部全体を覆っている。誘電体２と水素分離膜５とによって原料ガス流路１３の閉断面を有する壁面が規定される。水素分離膜５は、原料ガス流路１３の原料ガスは透過させず、原料ガスから生成された水素のみを透過して分離する。 The hydrogen separation membrane 5 is disposed so as to be in contact with the first surface 11 of the dielectric 2 and covers the entire opening of the source gas flow path 13. The dielectric 2 and the hydrogen separation membrane 5 define a wall surface having a closed cross section of the source gas flow path 13. The hydrogen separation membrane 5 does not permeate the source gas in the source gas flow path 13 but permeates and separates only hydrogen generated from the source gas.
水素分離膜５は、パラジウム合金薄膜、ジルコニウム−ニッケル（Ｚｒ−Ｎｉ）系合金薄膜、バナジウム−ニッケル（Ｖ−Ｎｉ）系合金薄膜、ニオブ−ニッケル（Ｎｂ−Ｎｉ）系合金薄膜、および、ニオブ（Ｎｂ）と、ニッケル（Ｎｉ）、コバルト（Ｃｏ）およびモリブデン（Ｍｏ）よりなる群から選ばれる１種以上の金属と、バナジウム（Ｖ）、チタン（Ｔｉ）、ジルコニウム（Ｚｒ）、タンタル（Ｔａ）およびハフニウム（Ｈｆ）よりなる群から選ばれる１種以上の金属との合金よりなる薄膜などで形成することができる。本実施例の水素分離膜５は、パラジウム合金薄膜を特に好適に使用することができる。水素分離膜５は、これらの金属からなる単層の膜、またはこれらの金属から選択される２以上の金属の積層によって形成することができる。また、シリカ系分離膜や、ゼオライト系分離膜、ポリイミド分離膜、ポリスルホン分離膜などの非金属を水素分離膜として用いることも可能であるが、その場合は、形状を維持するために、より強度の高い支持体を水素分離膜５と接合する必要がある。 The hydrogen separation membrane 5 includes a palladium alloy thin film, a zirconium-nickel (Zr—Ni) alloy thin film, a vanadium-nickel (V—Ni) alloy thin film, a niobium-nickel (Nb—Ni) alloy thin film, and a niobium ( Nb), one or more metals selected from the group consisting of nickel (Ni), cobalt (Co) and molybdenum (Mo), vanadium (V), titanium (Ti), zirconium (Zr), tantalum (Ta) And a thin film made of an alloy with one or more metals selected from the group consisting of hafnium (Hf). As the hydrogen separation membrane 5 of the present embodiment, a palladium alloy thin film can be used particularly preferably. The hydrogen separation membrane 5 can be formed by a single layer film made of these metals or a laminate of two or more metals selected from these metals. In addition, non-metals such as silica-based separation membranes, zeolite-based separation membranes, polyimide separation membranes, and polysulfone separation membranes can also be used as hydrogen separation membranes. It is necessary to join a high support to the hydrogen separation membrane 5.
水素流路板４は、縦横比が誘電体２及び水素分離膜５とほぼ同一の板状の部材である。水素流路板４は、左側面側に開口している水素流路１８と、この水素流路１８に連通している水素導出口１９とを備えている、水素流路板４は、誘電体２との間に絶縁スペーサ７と水素分離膜５とを挟んで保持するように、原料ガス流路１３の外側となる水素分離膜５の右側に配置される。水素流路１８は、誘電体２の原料ガス流路１３と対向する位置に開口が設けられており、水素分離膜５によってこの開口が覆われる。 The hydrogen flow path plate 4 is a plate-like member whose aspect ratio is substantially the same as that of the dielectric 2 and the hydrogen separation membrane 5. The hydrogen flow path plate 4 includes a hydrogen flow path 18 that opens to the left side surface and a hydrogen outlet port 19 that communicates with the hydrogen flow path 18. 2 is disposed on the right side of the hydrogen separation membrane 5 on the outside of the source gas flow path 13 so as to hold the insulating spacer 7 and the hydrogen separation membrane 5 between them. The hydrogen channel 18 is provided with an opening at a position facing the source gas channel 13 of the dielectric 2, and this opening is covered with the hydrogen separation membrane 5.
高電圧電源６は、水素分離膜５と電極３との間の原料ガス流路１３内で放電を発生させるための電源である。本実施例では、高電圧電源６は水素分離膜５に接続されており、水素分離膜５に高電圧を印加して、水素分離膜５を高電圧電極として機能させる。絶縁スペーサ７は、水素分離膜５と水素流路板４との間に配置される。高電圧電源６は、波形保持時間が１０μｓと極めて短い両極性パルス波形を印加することで、電子エネルギー密度を高くすることができる。 The high voltage power supply 6 is a power supply for generating discharge in the source gas flow path 13 between the hydrogen separation membrane 5 and the electrode 3. In the present embodiment, the high voltage power source 6 is connected to the hydrogen separation membrane 5, and a high voltage is applied to the hydrogen separation membrane 5 so that the hydrogen separation membrane 5 functions as a high voltage electrode. The insulating spacer 7 is disposed between the hydrogen separation membrane 5 and the hydrogen flow path plate 4. The high voltage power supply 6 can increase the electron energy density by applying a bipolar pulse waveform having an extremely short waveform holding time of 10 μs.
本実施例では、誘電体２と、電極３と、水素流路板４と、水素分離膜５と、絶縁スペーサ７とを、重ね合わせてボルトとナットにより結合している。その上で、電極３を、誘電体２の第二の面の中央部に、高さ方向の位置を整合させた状態で結合している。原料ガス流路１３と水素流路１８を確実に封止するために、ガスケットの配置もしくは、シール材の塗布が追加的に行われる。 In the present embodiment, the dielectric 2, the electrode 3, the hydrogen flow path plate 4, the hydrogen separation membrane 5, and the insulating spacer 7 are overlapped and coupled by bolts and nuts. In addition, the electrode 3 is coupled to the central portion of the second surface of the dielectric 2 in a state where the position in the height direction is aligned. In order to securely seal the source gas channel 13 and the hydrogen channel 18, a gasket is additionally disposed or a sealing material is applied.
本実施例の水素生成装置１は、原料としてアンモニアが最も好適に使用される。アンモニアを原料として水素を生成する場合の反応式を、以下の式１に示す。
２ＮＨ３＋ｅ→Ｎ２＋３Ｈ２＋ｅ （式１）
In the hydrogen generator 1 of this embodiment, ammonia is most preferably used as a raw material. The reaction formula in the case of producing hydrogen using ammonia as a raw material is shown in the following formula 1.
2NH 3 + e → N 2 + 3H 2 + e (Formula 1)
水素生成装置１でアンモニアを原料ガスとして水素を生成する方法を説明する。図示しない原料供給手段は、原料ガスの流速を制御する流速制御手段を備えており、誘電体２の原料ガス流路入口１４を経て、所定の速度で原料ガス流路１３に供給される。高電圧電源６が水素分離膜５に電圧を印加することで、水素分離膜５と電極３との間で誘電体バリア放電が発生する。放電によって、原料ガス流路１３内のアンモニアが、大気圧非平衡プラズマとなる。 A method for generating hydrogen using ammonia as a source gas in the hydrogen generator 1 will be described. The raw material supply means (not shown) includes flow rate control means for controlling the flow speed of the raw material gas, and is supplied to the raw material gas flow path 13 at a predetermined speed via the raw material gas flow path inlet 14 of the dielectric 2. When the high voltage power supply 6 applies a voltage to the hydrogen separation membrane 5, a dielectric barrier discharge is generated between the hydrogen separation membrane 5 and the electrode 3. Due to the discharge, the ammonia in the source gas flow path 13 becomes atmospheric pressure non-equilibrium plasma.
図４に、本実施例の水素生成装置１によって大気圧非平衡プラズマとなったアンモニアが発光している状態を撮影した図面代用写真を示す。この図からも明らかであるとおり、原料ガス流路１３全体でプラズマが発生している。プラズマの領域の拡大は、水素分離膜５と対向している電極３を起点にして、プラズマが電極３が対向していない流路方向、すなわち原料ガスの上流から下流に広がることによって生じる。 FIG. 4 shows a drawing-substituting photograph in which the ammonia that has become atmospheric pressure non-equilibrium plasma is emitted by the hydrogen generator 1 of this embodiment. As is clear from this figure, plasma is generated in the entire source gas flow path 13. The expansion of the plasma region occurs when the plasma spreads from the upstream of the source gas in the direction of the flow path where the electrode 3 does not face, starting from the electrode 3 facing the hydrogen separation membrane 5.
本実施例において、電極３の誘電体２に対向する部分の面積は、水素分離膜５の面積の１／３となっている。しかしながら、アンモニアのプラズマが発生する面積は、誘電体２に対向する電極の面積が水素分離膜５と同一である場合よりも大きくなっている。 In the present embodiment, the area of the portion of the electrode 3 facing the dielectric 2 is 1/3 of the area of the hydrogen separation membrane 5. However, the area where ammonia plasma is generated is larger than when the area of the electrode facing the dielectric 2 is the same as that of the hydrogen separation membrane 5.
アンモニアの大気圧非平衡プラズマから発生した水素は、水素原子の形態で水素分離膜５に吸着し、水素分離膜５の中を拡散しながら通過して水素流路板４の水素流路１８に到達し、再結合して水素分子となる。このようにして、水素分離膜５は水素流路１８側に水素のみを通過させ、水素が分離される。 Hydrogen generated from the atmospheric pressure non-equilibrium plasma of ammonia is adsorbed on the hydrogen separation membrane 5 in the form of hydrogen atoms, passes through the hydrogen separation membrane 5 while diffusing, and enters the hydrogen flow path 18 of the hydrogen flow path plate 4. Arrives and recombines into hydrogen molecules. In this way, the hydrogen separation membrane 5 allows only hydrogen to pass through the hydrogen flow path 18 side, and hydrogen is separated.
原料ガス流路１３を通過するアンモニアは、流速を制御することで放電に曝される時間を確保することができ、アンモニアに含まれる水素のほぼ１００％を水素として分離して水素流路１８に導入することが可能である。また、原料ガス流路１３のパターンと電極３の配置を最適化することにより、アンモニアの流量を増やした場合であっても、アンモニアから高収率で水素を生成することができる。 Ammonia passing through the source gas flow path 13 can secure time to be exposed to discharge by controlling the flow rate, and almost 100% of the hydrogen contained in the ammonia is separated as hydrogen and separated into the hydrogen flow path 18. It is possible to introduce. In addition, by optimizing the pattern of the source gas channel 13 and the arrangement of the electrodes 3, even when the flow rate of ammonia is increased, hydrogen can be generated from ammonia in a high yield.
（実施例２）
図３に、本実施例の水素生成装置２１を示す。本実施例での電極３’は、上下方向の長さが誘電体２と実質的に同一であり、奥行き方向において誘電体２の１／４の長さを有する。電極３’は、誘電体２の第二の面１２中央の上端部から下端部に亘って対向している。本実施例において、電極３’は高電圧電源６に接続されて、高電圧電極として機能する。絶縁スペーサ９は、電極３’の外側に配置される。
(Example 2)
FIG. 3 shows a hydrogen generator 21 of this embodiment. The electrode 3 ′ in this embodiment has a length in the vertical direction substantially the same as that of the dielectric 2, and has a length that is ¼ that of the dielectric 2 in the depth direction. The electrode 3 ′ is opposed from the upper end to the lower end of the center of the second surface 12 of the dielectric 2. In this embodiment, the electrode 3 ′ is connected to the high voltage power supply 6 and functions as a high voltage electrode. The insulating spacer 9 is disposed outside the electrode 3 ′.
本実施例において、水素分離膜５はアースされており、接地電極として機能する。高電圧電源６が電極３’に電圧を印加することで、水素分離膜５と電極３’との間の原料ガス流路１３で、誘電体バリア放電が発生する。放電によって、原料ガス流路１３内のアンモニアが大気圧非平衡プラズマとなり、高収率で水素を生成することができる。 In this embodiment, the hydrogen separation membrane 5 is grounded and functions as a ground electrode. When the high voltage power source 6 applies a voltage to the electrode 3 ′, a dielectric barrier discharge is generated in the source gas flow path 13 between the hydrogen separation membrane 5 and the electrode 3 ′. Due to the discharge, the ammonia in the source gas flow path 13 becomes atmospheric pressure non-equilibrium plasma, and hydrogen can be generated with a high yield.
本実施例の電極３’が誘電体２に対向する部分の面積は、水素分離膜５の面積の１／４となっている。しかしながら実施例１と同様に、アンモニアのプラズマが発生する面積は、誘電体２に対向する電極３’の面積が水素分離膜５と同一である場合よりも大きくなっていた。 The area of the portion where the electrode 3 ′ of the present embodiment faces the dielectric 2 is ¼ of the area of the hydrogen separation membrane 5. However, as in Example 1, the area where ammonia plasma was generated was larger than when the area of the electrode 3 ′ facing the dielectric 2 was the same as that of the hydrogen separation membrane 5.
実施例で説明した水素生成装置１、２１において、誘電体２に対する電極の大きさおよび配置は、適宜変更が可能である。実施例では、水素分離膜が誘電体の前記第一の面全体を被覆している形態において、第二の面に対向している電極の面積が、水素分離膜の面積の１／３の場合と１／４の場合について説明したが、電極の面積が１％以上６０％以下である場合に、プラズマの発生面積が大きくなることが確認されている。 In the hydrogen generators 1 and 21 described in the embodiments, the size and arrangement of the electrodes with respect to the dielectric 2 can be appropriately changed. In the embodiment, when the hydrogen separation membrane covers the entire first surface of the dielectric, the area of the electrode facing the second surface is 1/3 of the area of the hydrogen separation membrane. However, it has been confirmed that the plasma generation area increases when the area of the electrode is 1% or more and 60% or less.
実施例では、誘電体２の中央部に接するように配置した例について説明したが、いずれかの辺に沿うように、誘電体２の端部に配置することもできる。また、電極を複数配置することも可能であり、たとえば誘電体の四隅に、小型の電極を配置することもできる。電極の配置に会わせて、原料ガス流路の配置を変更することで、一層水素の収率を高めることができる。 In the embodiment, the example in which the dielectric 2 is disposed so as to be in contact with the central portion has been described. However, the dielectric 2 may be disposed at the end of the dielectric 2 along any one of the sides. It is also possible to arrange a plurality of electrodes. For example, small electrodes can be arranged at the four corners of the dielectric. The yield of hydrogen can be further increased by changing the arrangement of the source gas flow paths in accordance with the arrangement of the electrodes.
１、２１ 水素生成装置
２ 誘電体
３、３’ 電極
４ 水素流路板
５ 水素分離膜
６ 高電圧電源
７、９ 絶縁スペーサ
１１ 第一の面
１２ 第二の面
１３ 原料ガス流路
１４ 原料ガス流路入口
１５ 原料ガス流路出口
１６ 原料ガス流路の往路部分
１７ 原料ガス流路の復路部分
１８ 水素流路
１９ 水素導出口
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1,21 Hydrogen generator 2 Dielectric 3, 3 'electrode 4 Hydrogen flow-path board 5 Hydrogen separation membrane 6 High voltage power supply 7, 9 Insulation spacer 11 1st surface 12 2nd surface 13 Source gas flow path 14 Source gas Channel inlet 15 Source gas channel outlet 16 Outward portion of source gas channel 17 Return portion of source gas channel 18 Hydrogen channel 19 Hydrogen outlet
Claims (2)
前記誘電体の前記第二の面に対向して配置される電極と、
前記誘電体の前記第一の面側に配置されて、前記原料ガス流路の前記溝の開口部を被覆する水素分離膜と、
前記水素分離膜または前記電極に電力を供給して放電を発生させる高電圧電源と、
を備えており、
前記電極と前記水素分離膜とが前記誘電体に対して非対称な位置に配置されていることを特徴とする水素生成装置。 A flat dielectric having a first surface formed as a groove in which a source gas flow path is continuous, and a second surface substantially parallel to the first surface;
An electrode disposed opposite to the second surface of the dielectric;
A hydrogen separation membrane disposed on the first surface side of the dielectric and covering the opening of the groove of the source gas flow path;
A high-voltage power supply for generating electric discharge by supplying electric power to the hydrogen separation membrane or the electrode;
With
The hydrogen generating apparatus, wherein the electrode and the hydrogen separation membrane are disposed at positions asymmetric with respect to the dielectric.
前記電極が前記第二の面に対向する部分の面積は、前記水素分離膜の面積の１％以上６０％以下であることを特徴とする請求項１記載の水素生成装置。 The hydrogen separation membrane covers the entire first surface of the dielectric;
2. The hydrogen generation apparatus according to claim 1, wherein an area of a portion of the electrode facing the second surface is 1% or more and 60% or less of an area of the hydrogen separation membrane.
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| PCT/JP2018/012296 WO2018198636A1 (en) | 2017-04-28 | 2018-03-27 | Hydrogen generator |
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Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2004359508A (en) * | 2003-06-05 | 2004-12-24 | Nissan Motor Co Ltd | Hydrogen producing apparatus |
| JP2008536796A (en) * | 2005-04-18 | 2008-09-11 | インテリジェント エナジー インコーポレイテッド | Compact device for pure hydrogen generation |
| JP2014070012A (en) * | 2012-10-02 | 2014-04-21 | Gifu Univ | Hydrogen generator and fuel cell system equipped with hydrogen generator |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2004359508A (en) * | 2003-06-05 | 2004-12-24 | Nissan Motor Co Ltd | Hydrogen producing apparatus |
| JP2008536796A (en) * | 2005-04-18 | 2008-09-11 | インテリジェント エナジー インコーポレイテッド | Compact device for pure hydrogen generation |
| JP2014070012A (en) * | 2012-10-02 | 2014-04-21 | Gifu Univ | Hydrogen generator and fuel cell system equipped with hydrogen generator |
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