JP2018187615A - Gas accumulation removal, degasification, and reservoir release device - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a device that, in removing gas accumulated in a pipeline or a tank and equipment coupled to the pipeline, and in discharging or separating removal gas, is capable of removing the accumulated gas, degasifying fluid and releasing a reservoir, without draining the fluid to the outside of a system, and without causing pressure loss of the force-feed fluid, by using the same device.SOLUTION: In means for discharging or separating gas and dissolved gas (removal gas) without draining fluid in a system, a ventilation layer is arranged inside a pipe body (a pressure wall), and further, a separation membrane is arranged therein. In the means, prevention of gas accumulation and simultaneous discharge or separation of removal gas, and reservoir release, are carried out according to means for vacuum drawing the ventilation layer.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 5

Description

  The present invention relates to elimination of gas accumulation during fluid conveyance, deaeration in a fluid, and storage discharge.

  Conventionally, as a method for preventing gas (air) accumulation in pipes and tanks connected to the pipes and equipment, a float type automatic air vent valve and an air reservoir conveyance device using a differential pressure of a valve that opens according to the flow velocity are used. Since the float type automatic air vent valve discharges gas to the outside of the system, it has a structure that sucks air when the system is in a non-pressure state. Moreover, some liquid was discharged at the time of gas discharge, and it was necessary to take measures against drainage (drainage pipe) outside the system at the time of failure and clogging of garbage. The air pool elimination device that uses the differential pressure of the valve that opens according to the flow rate does not discharge outside the system, but sends the air pool to the next piping or equipment.

  As for degassing, liquid is put into a tank or equipment with an individual device to create an air layer portion, and the air layer portion is degassed with a negative pressure.

  It was impossible to perform gas discharge and degassing to the outside of the system by gas-liquid separation of piping and the gas reservoirs of tanks and equipment connected to the piping. The discharge means from the tank and the equipment connected to the pipe and the pipe was taken out by the pump and the air filled pressure.

JP 2008-215612 A JP 2006-266553 A JP H8-210795 A

  Equipment that can eliminate gas accumulation and degassing without pressure loss of pumping fluid without discharging the fluid out of the system in eliminating or separating gas degassing and fluid degassing in tanks and equipment connected to piping The storage and discharge are performed with the same apparatus.

  The present invention provides a means for discharging or separating gas and degassing (dissolved gas) without discharging the fluid (liquid) in the system, and providing a pressure film and a ventilation layer inside the tube (pressure wall). A separation membrane is provided on the inside, and the vent layer is evacuated to prevent gas accumulation and simultaneously discharge or separate deaeration. In addition, the release pressurizes the pressurized membrane to take out the fluid.

  The carrier fluid is not discharged out of the system, and no moving parts such as valves are present in the system, so that there is no failure and gas (including dissolved) in the fluid can be separated or discharged. Further, since there is no pressure loss as in the case of a hollow fiber membrane, it is possible to increase the size and to make a long distance connection.

FIG. 1 is a drawing in which a discharge port is arranged in a gas reservoir of a pipe detoured up and down. (Example 1) FIG. 2 is a drawing in which a gas outlet layer and a separation membrane are arranged on the outer periphery of a pipe or tank or equipment and on the inner side. (Example 1) FIG. 3 is a drawing in which a pipe or a tank is connected, and a discharge port is provided on the outer peripheral portion, and a ventilation layer and a separation membrane are disposed on the inner side. (Example 2) FIG. 4 is a drawing in which pipes, tanks or equipment are arranged in water and circulation means are arranged. Example 3 FIG. 5 is a drawing in which a catch tank, a vacuum pump, a fluid water level sensor, and a detection circuit are arranged in a pipe, a tank, or a device. (Example 2) FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional view of a four-layer spherical tank provided with pressurizing means. (Example 4) FIG. 7 is a cross-sectional view of a four-layered spherical tank provided with pressurizing means during pressurization. (Example 4)

  Gas separation is prevented by using a separation membrane to draw out the gas in the fluid by suctioning the gas at a negative pressure through the separation screen, and discharging or separating the gas. As time passes, more dissolved gas is also discharged or separated. By gas-liquid separation or gas discharge and fluid storage and fluid discharge device.

  FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view. It represents piping that has been detoured up and down to represent an air pocket. There are 4 heads in the detour, 6 gas is accumulated in the upper part, and the flow path of 7 fluids in one flow direction is narrowed, resulting in loss resistance. Since there is no separation membrane in FIG. 1, when only gas is extracted from the 8 outlets, gas exhaust means such as an air vent valve or a sensor solenoid valve is required. Valves have a dynamic part and must assume a failure.

  FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view. Although tetrahedral or more polyhedral containers, spheres, ellipsoids, cones, and cylinders are conceivable as containers, FIG. 2 will be described with reference to a cross section of a cylindrical tank.

  When the fluid flows from the 2 supply side (inlet) to the part divided by the 5 pipes (pressure wall) and 9 connecting flanges, a gas pool is generated at the 4 head part and flows to the 3 consumption side (outlet). Five vents (pressure wall) are provided with 10 ventilation layers on the inner side and 11 separation membranes on the inner side. Five pipe bodies (pressure walls) have 12 suction ports and are connected to 10 vent layers.

10 The air-permeable layer is a material with a gap to allow gas to pass through, but it is made of cloth (woven fabric), foamed resin, cardboard-like paper or resin, pumice-like solid, non-woven fabric, resin or rubber, and grooved or reversed piles. There are sheets that have been subjected to mold processing and uneven satin processing. The material of this 10 vent layer is pressurized by the pressure of the fluid in the 11 separation membrane, and the five pipe bodies (pressure walls) receive the internal pressure, receive the pressure in the form of being sandwiched, and the pressure is applied in the contraction direction of the thickness. However, it must be breathable. In addition, a gas permeable layer can be secured even with an 11 separation membrane in which grooves or uneven textured surface processing is performed on the surface of the 11 separation membrane on the 10 ventilation layer side. However, a commercially available silicone rubber sheet is used for the 11 separation membrane. The surface of the ventilation layer is a satin-like object, and when pressure is applied to the fluid, the ventilation layer contracts and adheres to the five pipes (pressure walls), resulting in extremely poor ventilation efficiency. It is necessary to increase the roughness of the textured surface of the uneven surface, but it is necessary to consider the hardness and thickness of the silicone rubber sheet, and if the humidity of the 10 ventilation layer is increased, the ventilation performance will be further reduced. Don't be. Therefore, considering the strength and breakage rate of the 11 separation membrane, a separate material is efficient for the 10 vent layer, but in any case, the three-layer structure of 5 pipes (pressure wall), 10 vent layer, and 11 separation membrane Necessary, and the inner peripheral surface of the five pipe bodies (pressure walls) has a three-layer structure. (Excluding 9 connection flanges)

  The 11 separation membrane is a material that allows gas to permeate the 10 vent layer side regardless of the pressure of the fluid flowing inside. There is a hollow fiber membrane in a similar application, but it often separates a gas from a gas or a liquid from a liquid, and requires a high pressure for the separation pressure. 11 The material of the separation membrane is resin, rubber, composite of resin and rubber, film, sheet, mesh reinforcement, and surface coating, but it has high gas permeability and low water absorption. There are functional materials in which fine particles having a catalytic effect such as nanoparticles of gold, platinum and silver are mixed.

  11 The selection of the separation membrane varies depending on the type of fluid material and mixed gas and temperature. In addition, when fluid contaminants are discharged and separated as a gasified gas by the catalytic function, and in addition to the catalytic function, electromagnetic waves (including light), vibration waves, and acoustic waves are applied to the fluid to enhance the catalytic function, parameters can be set according to the operating conditions. Thus, the description of specifying and selecting the 11 separation membrane is omitted.

The operation will be described assuming that the fluid is tap water, but since it can operate from cold water to hot water, there are various water temperatures, so the description of temperature will be omitted. 11 Tap water flows from the 2 supply side (inlet) into the separation membrane, and the water pressure is applied to 10 vent layers and 5 pipes (pressure wall). 4 It is a structure where air accumulates in the head part. When air in the 10 vent layer is sucked from the 12 suction ports using the 23 vacuum pump, the air permeates through the 11 separation membrane (assumed to be a silicone rubber coating sheet) regardless of the water pressure. Of these air components, carbon dioxide, oxygen, and nitrogen are the majority. All are transmitted though there is a difference in transmittance. Gradually, air pockets in the 11 separation membrane decrease and disappear. At the same time, the dissolved air also decreases, but if the negative pressure state is continued thereafter, the dissolved air in the tap water decreases over time even when there is tap water pressure. Mineral remains. From the experimental results, the decrease in the total chlorine concentration is faster than when the negative pressure is not sucked, and the odor is reduced. The rate of decrease depends on the area and fluid volume of the silicone rubber coating sheet. Degassed water has many effects such as low dissolved oxygen, but will not be explained. Although only the principle is explained, there are many apparatuses for producing deaerated water, the structure is simple, the number of parts and the number of consumable parts are small, and there is no one with a long maintenance cycle.

  11 When the separation membrane is made of a silicone rubber coating sheet, the transmittance varies depending on the thickness, density, material, additive, and production method, so the material is selected according to the intended effect.

  FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view of a pipe or tank connection. 4 Although there is no drop, the arrangement of members is the same as in FIG. 2, and the connection portion will be described. Pipes or tanks are connected by 9 connection flanges, but 13 vent layer separation connection parts represent connections in which 11 separation membranes and 10 vent layers are divided on the surface of the 9 connection flange per packing. In the 14 vent layer connection, the 11 separation membrane and the 10 vent layer are internally connected regardless of the packing contact surface of the 9 connection flange. By providing 13 vent layer separation connections for each compartment, it is possible to prevent the fluid from being mixed into the 10 vent layers due to breakage of the 11 separation membrane.

FIG. 5 is a drawing in which 18 catch tanks, 23 vacuum pumps and 19, electrodes or float switches and 21 detection circuits are arranged on 5 pipes (pressure walls). The 17 connection pipe 1 and the 25 connection pipe 2 are provided for each of the sections described in the 13 vent layer separation connection in the previous section, so that one 23 vacuum pump is made up of 18 catch tanks. Also, as the role of the 18 catch tank, in the case of a structure that stops when the 23 vacuum pump reaches a certain negative pressure, the automatic start / stop is repeated, but when the volume of the 10 vent layer is small, the automatic start / stop is frequently repeated. Increasing the volume of the catch tank has the effect of reducing the automatic start / stop cycle. As for the operation, the 23 vacuum pump evacuates the 18 catch tank, and through the 7 connection pipe 1 and the 25 connection pipe 2, 10 vent layers are brought into a negative pressure state from the 12 suction ports, and the air in the fluid and the dissolved air are permeated and discharged. Although separated, tap water is not discharged because it cannot permeate 11 separation membranes. Another feature is that the failure rate is low because the valve is not arranged in the system and has a simple structure with no dynamic parts.

11 Operation at the time of failure of the separation membrane will be described. 11 Tap water in the separation membrane leaks, fills 10 ventilation layers, flows from 12 suction ports through 18 connection pipe 1 or 25 connection pipe 2 and into 18 catch tank, and 24 leak liquid level accumulates to 19 electrodes or water level of float switch 19 electrodes or float switches react, and 21 detection circuits operate through 20 communication lines. Therefore, the 23 vacuum pump is stopped and an alarm is issued.

FIG. 4 is a drawing in which pipes, tanks or equipment are arranged in water and circulation means are arranged. The description of the 11 separation membrane and the 10 ventilation layer is omitted. Although related to the connection in FIG. 3, the field will be enlarged and described. For example, when the connection is 1,000 m, water supply resistance must be taken into consideration, but the present invention has no resistance. In addition, if the 23 vacuum pump and the 18 catch tank of FIG. 5 are arranged on land or on a ship, it is easily conceivable to arrange the connecting part in water. A description will be given assuming that FIG. 4 is placed in the sea. For example, when natural gas exists in the sea and foamy gas is ejected from the seabed, the ejected gas is caught by a 26 hopper or the like and circulated to the connecting pipe. It has a wide range of uses such as separating gas from seawater into permeated gas, and separating natural gas with another separation means and transporting it to land. It is safe to perform dangerous processes such as explosions in the sea. The 15 pump or impeller of FIG. 4 is arranged at the terminal to circulate the seawater. However, since there is no difference in seawater level, the capacity of the 15 pump or impeller can be reduced. If this is pumped together with seawater on land or on the ship, it will become a drop (loss head) and the capacity of 15 pumps or impellers must be increased. In addition, when the 11 separation membrane breaks down, the negative pressure (atmospheric pressure) of the 23 vacuum pump cannot suck up to 10m or more from the sea surface. If the 18 catch tank is placed between 7m and 11m, the seawater will be vacuumed. Easy to check back to the height corresponding to the pressure. It functions as a simple separation device with few failures.

  For example, if the ejected gas is collected by a hopper and naturally separated in a large tank, a separation membrane is not required, but it is easily affected by the size of the tank and the need for strength that can withstand pressure, as well as tidal currents. There is a concern that the cost will increase if a large sinker is required and relocation is assumed. On that point, the pipe-type connection is easy to install and is not easily affected by tidal currents. Moreover, a pipe line can be formed and transported by making the 18 catch tank into a pipe type.

FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional view of a spherical tank. The five pipe bodies (pressure walls) are spherical, and 28 pressure membranes, 10 vent layers, and 11 separation membranes are arranged along the inside to form a four-layer structure. The inside is filled with fluid (liquid), and the flow is filled with 7 fluids in the flow direction from the 2 supply side (inlet) and flows from the 29 flow direction to the 3 consumption side (outlet). The explanation will be made assuming that the pressure of the seven fluid is zero or more. Although it works even with slight negative pressure, it will be omitted because it complicates the explanation.

Five pipe bodies (pressure walls) are responsible for the internal pressure of the spherical tank. The inner 28 pressurizing membrane is in close contact with the 31 pressurizing part with the 5 pipes (pressure wall) by the pressure of the fluid. Further, the inner 10 air-permeable layers are materials that are compressed by internal pressure and external pressure but do not lose air permeability. Further, the inner 11 separation membrane is in contact with the seven fluids, and the dissolved gas and mixed bubbles in the seven fluids are permeated so as to be separated by the negative pressure suction of the ten vent layers. Negative pressure suction is discharged or separated from 12 suction ports that pass through 5 tubes (pressure walls) and are connected to 10 vent layers. The negative pressure is assumed to be held by a vacuum pump.

28 pressure membranes, 10 ventilation layers, 11 separation membranes are composed of 30 expansion / contraction parts, and a structure in which a liquid or gas is inserted into a pressure-applying portion from 27 pressure ports provided in 5 pipes (pressure walls) and pressurized. It is. Since the 30 stretchable part functions even in an integral structure or an individual arrangement, the form is not specified, but a flexible material is used.

FIG. 7 is a cross-sectional view. 30 fluids are compressed by 30 pressurizing parts of 7 fluids, and the figure of taking out is shown. Pressurization is performed by sending liquid or gas from the 27 pressurization port to the 31 pressurization part, and a check valve is arranged on the 2 supply side (inlet), and the 31 pressurization part is at a pressure higher than the pressure of 7 fluids. Need to be pressurized. Seven fluids flow in 29 flow directions, and seven fluids in the spherical tank are taken out from the three consumption side (exit).

The difference between the three-layer structure and the four-layer structure will be described. In the case of a three-layer structure without 28 pressurized membranes, 10 vent layers are sucked under negative pressure, but by switching and pressurizing 10 vent layers, 11 separation membranes can be compressed and 7 fluids can be taken out. However, if the passage of time is large, there is a concern that the gas permeates the seven fluids through the 11 separation membrane. Before explaining the four-layer structure, the 28 pressure film is a material with high gas barrier properties, and is a resin sheet (used in food packs) coated or bonded with a butyl rubber or metal thin film. EVOH resin, etc., and these materials are materials having the flexibility of application, coating, composite, or bonding.

The great advantage of the four-layer structure is that seven fluids can be taken out by pressurizing the 31 pressurizing portion while sucking (degassing) the ten air-permeable layers. Therefore, it is possible to maintain and take out a state with very few dissolved gases and mixed bubbles. (Can be taken out in deaerated state)

An implementation of a four-layer structure will be described. Since each arrangement is described in the previous section, it is omitted. The five pipe bodies (pressure walls) are materials that can withstand internal pressure, such as metal, resin, wood, and ceramic, but experiments were conducted using PVC pipes. The 28 pressurized membrane was an EVOH polyethylene film. The nonwoven fabric composite material was used for 10 ventilation layers. 11 There are various types of separation membranes, but a breathable sheet coated with silicone rubber was used to store tap water, and the change in tap water was measured by setting the vent layer to a negative pressure with a vacuum pump. First, when the change in residual chlorine concentration and the state of dissolved oxygen are measured and compared with and without negative pressure, the reduction rate is clearly faster when suctioned with negative pressure. Although greatly related to the performance of the separation membrane, the deaeration time is shortened in proportion to the area of the membrane. It should be noted that both the three-layer structure and the four-layer structure have a high heat-blocking property in the negative pressure state of the 10 air-permeable layer (the thermos: product name of other company), and have a great effect on heat retention and condensation.

  A sealed container is ideal for long-term storage of tap water. When trying to install a large tank, it is not possible to install a reservoir with a capacity higher than the specified circulation rate because the circulation rate of tap water decreases and water consumption is low. If it is deaerated water, it is possible to refrain from the propagation of bacteria as well as chlorine and to preserve it for a long time. Also, separation of liquid and gas can be performed safely without discharging outside the system, and safety in the food field is improved. (Because deaerated water is almost free of oxygen, bacteria and microorganisms other than anaerobic bacteria tend to die.) In addition, since the heat retention is high, it can also be used for an electric water heater or the like. If it can be manufactured at low cost, it can be used widely and contributes greatly to society.

1. Flow direction 2. Supply side (inlet)
3. Consumption side (exit)
4, head 5, pipe body (pressure wall)
6, gas reservoir 7, fluid 8, discharge port 9, connection flange 10, vent layer 11, separation membrane 12, suction port 13, vent layer separation connection 14, vent layer connection 15, pump or impeller 16, liquid water surface 17, Connection piping 1
18, catch tank 19, electrode or float switch 20, communication line 21, detection circuit 22, vacuum pipe 23, vacuum pump 24, leakage liquid level 25, connection pipe 2
26, hopper 27, pressure port 28, pressure film 29, flow direction 30, expansion / contraction part 31, pressure part

Claims (6)

  It has a three-layer structure in which a ventilation layer and a separation membrane are arranged on the inner periphery of a pipe body or pressure wall in a pipe, tank, or device, and eliminates gas accumulation in the fluid by negative pressure suction of the ventilation layer regardless of the fluid pressure and temperature. Gas-liquid separation or gas discharge and storage discharge structure that can degas and store and discharge fluid   2. A four-layer structure in which a pressurized membrane is disposed between the inner circumference of the pressure wall and the vent layer, and the fluid gas pool is eliminated by the negative pressure suction of the vent layer regardless of the fluid pressure and temperature, and the fluid Gas-liquid separation or gas discharge and fluid storage and discharge structure capable of deaeration and storage and discharge   3. A gas-liquid separation or gas discharge and fluid storage and discharge device according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the catch tank, the vacuuming means and the water leakage detection means are arranged in the connecting pipe.   4. A gas-liquid separation or gas discharge and fluid storage and discharge device according to claim 3, wherein the fluid and gas separation function and the catalyst function are enhanced by irradiating the fluid with electromagnetic waves, vibration waves and sound waves.   5. A gas-liquid separation or gas discharge and fluid storage and discharge device comprising pipes, tanks or devices connected to each other.   6. A gas-liquid separation or gas discharge and fluid discharge device according to claim 5, wherein a fluid circulation means is arranged at the end of a pipe or tank or equipment.

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