JP2018187071A - Temperature-sensitive inorganic composition fire-extinguishing agent, and temperature-sensitive inorganic composition fire spreading inhibitor - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a temperature-sensitive inorganic composition forming a solid film or a solid foam as a fire-extinguishing agent to a material already burning by fire or the like, or a fire spread inhibitor to an unfired material having possibility of fire spreading.SOLUTION: The temperature-sensitive inorganic composition fire-extinguishing agent and a temperature-sensitive inorganic composition fire spreading inhibitor contain an alkali metal silicate compound, aluminum silicate of 0 to 26 pts.wt. based on 100 pts.wt. of a solid component of silicon dioxide of the alkali metal silicate compound, and water.SELECTED DRAWING: None

Description

  The present invention relates to a fire extinguisher and a fire spread inhibitor having an inorganic composition containing a temperature-sensitive composition based on a silicate compound that forms a solid inorganic polymer film or foam in a high-temperature environment such as a fire. .

  Typical extinguishing agents known from the past include water, powder extinguishing agents (Non-patent Document 1), reinforcing liquids (Patent Document 1), foam extinguishing agents (Patent Document 2), and the like.

  Water as a fire extinguishing agent is based on quantification research on fire extinguishing mechanisms and fire extinguishing capabilities (Non-Patent Documents 2 to 5), development of machine spraying (Patent Document 3), and research on restoration when cultural assets are damaged by water (Non-Patent Document 3) Research and development has been carried out very broadly up to Patent Document 6).

  Because it is cheap and has fire hydrants installed over a wide area, water with a good environment is used most frequently, but on the other hand, an object that should have been extinguished once with water reignites after evaporation of the water. Has drawbacks.

  A powder extinguisher containing an ammonia component suppresses the chain reaction of combustion by ammonia radicals generated by thermal decomposition (Non-Patent Document 1) and exhibits the ability to extinguish, but the oxygen concentration in the sprayed space region is changed to the gas phase. Depending on the wind direction, there is a possibility of limiting the activities of firefighters.

  In addition, since powder fire extinguishing agents have the disadvantage of absorbing moisture during storage and solidifying (Non-patent Document 1), it is also pointed out that it is difficult to respond to quick fire extinguishing activities.

  The strengthening liquid has a fire extinguishing effect in fire A and a fire extinguishing agent by saponifying oil in fire B, and is an excellent fire extinguisher, but fire extinguishing on the surface of objects that should have been extinguished after liquid drying in fire A Since the component contained in the liquid becomes powder, there is a defect (patent document 4) that relapse cannot be prevented.

  In the foam extinguisher (Patent Document 2), by reducing the surface tension derived from the surfactant, water is efficiently attached to the combustion product, the cooling effect of the heat of vaporization by the water, and also to the combustion product surface by the liquid foam Has excellent fire extinguishing ability to exert suffocation effect by coating. However, in principle, surfactants having both lipophilicity and hydrophilicity are considered to have a problem of influence on the environment and fish.

  As mentioned above, each fire extinguisher is useful and has its own drawbacks. At present, it is considered to be desirable to develop a fire extinguishing agent that has good fire extinguishing performance and is environmentally friendly against fires.

  Regarding silicic acid compounds, in recent years, some fire extinguishing agents containing silicic acid compounds that are environmentally friendly and also consider the performance of fire extinguishing ability have been reported. In Patent Document 5, a fire extinguishing material is prepared by mixing clay minerals such as smectite and water or a fire extinguishing liquid, and two fire extinguishers are used for the first model used when measuring the A fire capacity unit. When I tried to extinguish the fire, it was said that the wood was completely extinguished while carbonized. This fire-extinguishing effect is due to a suffocation effect in which a clay mineral that cannot chemically condense is simply gelled and adhered to the combustion surface, and a cooling effect due to water evaporation.

  Since the silicic acid compound of Patent Document 5 is a clay mineral itself, it is impossible to form a solid film or a solid foam derived from the formation of a silicate layer by dehydration condensation reaction using heat at the time of fire on the surface of the combustion product However, it is different from the product of the present invention.

  In Patent Document 6, a suspension prepared by mixing water, water glass and clay is used as a fire extinguishing agent. At this time, the water glass acts as a clay dispersion stabilizer. The action of adding water glass in Patent Document 6 is to make the sand a lump and to retain water in the lump sand. For this reason, the basic fire extinguishing action is sand extinguishing, in which clay adheres to the combustion products.

  The fire extinguishing principle is sand fire extinguishing, and if the total content of clay and water glass is large (because it is the same as putting sand on the combustion product), the fire extinguishing effect is said to increase. In Patent Document 6, the silicic acid compound only exhibits an action as a binder of sand, and does not exhibit a direct fire-extinguishing effect on the combustion product.

  Fire extinguishing agents using silicate compounds described in these documents (Non-Patent Document 5, Non-Patent Document 6) are suspensions of clay minerals that do not dissolve in water. (2) There is also a problem that it is inappropriate in light of “Ministerial Ordinance for Establishing Technical Standards for Extinguishers for Fire Extinguishers” based on the provisions of paragraph 2.

  Patent Document 7 describes that dry water glass is used only for oil tank fires. A mesh-like aggregate is coated with water glass and dried to form a hollow floating body, and a structure filled with dried water glass as cullet is connected to an oil tank and floated. Due to the heat generated by the oil fire, the shell of the floating body collapses, and the cullet inside leaks and foams and covers the oil surface.

  In Patent Document 7, it is known that when water glass comes into contact with an organic solvent, silicic acid that does not foam precipitates at the solid oil contact interface, and that the specific gravity of commercial water glass is about 1.5, It is obvious that the specific gravity of the dried product is further increased, and there is a physical problem that the settling speed is high even if water glass dry cullet is present at the gas-liquid interface of oil having a specific gravity smaller than 1.0.

  Even if foaming starts due to the heat of the fire, dry water glass cullet placed on light oil of specific gravity is always blocked by silicic acid generated at the solid oil contact interface, and foaming remains insufficient. The majority of cullet also has a kinetic problem of sinking in oil.

  As for foam extinguishing agents, extinguishing agents using foams that are considered to be most effective for the suffocating action of extinguishing are developed based on surfactants and are already commercially available. However, it also has drawbacks such as Patent Document 2. However, fire extinguishing agents are currently being developed that are solving the drawbacks of foam extinguishing agents.

  A foam extinguisher (Patent Document 8) having high safety to the human body and a foam fire extinguisher (Patent Document 9) with a low burden on organisms and the environment have been developed. These advantages are high, and it is considered that the disadvantages of the foam extinguishing agents recognized so far are almost cleared. However, these foam extinguishing foams are liquid foams derived from surfactants. Considering the state of the liquid bubbles at the time of fire, if the heat of the fire is supplied to the liquid bubbles, the water of the skeleton component that forms the bubbles evaporates, so that the bubble structure cannot be maintained.

  Thus, the bubble skeleton maintenance temperature with respect to the heat | fever of a liquid bubble is until water evaporates. In addition, foam formation is forcibly generated by a foam extinguishing agent via a dedicated nozzle or mixing device, and the phenomenon of spontaneous foaming due to the heat of fire cannot occur. On the other hand, considering the liquid foam after extinguishing the fire, it is possible to maintain the liquid foam to some extent without being exposed to the heat of the fire, but this also reports that it disappears in about 5 hours (Non-Patent Document 7) is there.

  As described above, the defoaming of the liquid foam is caused by the evaporation of water, and the maintenance of the foam skeleton cannot be positively controlled by the composition of the foam extinguisher.

Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 3-500252 JP 2009-201695 Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 11-146928 JP 2006-130210 JP Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 7-558 Special table 2000-512517 gazette JP 2008-206849 A JP 2009-291636 A JP 2012-254101 A

Wakazono Yoshikazu, Ando Naojiro; Fire extinguishing (2nd report) About powder fire extinguishing agents, Kyoto University Disaster Prevention Research Institute Annual Report, 6, pp1-5 (July 1963). Satoshi Takahashi; Quantification of fire extinguishing phenomena of Crib model fire, Proceedings of the Fire Society of Japan, 29, pp.33-40 (1979). Satoshi Takahashi; Fire extinguishing of burning charcoal, Report of Fire Research Institute, 49, pp.7-13 (1980). Satoshi Takahashi; Fire extinguishing of wood fires-Weight increase rate and fire extinguishing time in water injection-, Proceedings of the Japan Fire Society, 30, pp.31-40 (1980). Satoshi Takahashi; “Action mechanism and efficiency of water-based fire extinguishing agents, Report of Fire Research Institute, 56, pp.7-11 (1983). Takanari Hironari; Disposal of Water Damage Data, Emergency Conservation Activities / Current Status Research Project, “Disaster Prevention of Cultural Properties—Preparation for Disaster Prevention” Session 1 Technical Knowledge and Issues Obtained after Rescue, National Culture Tokyo Metropolitan Institute for Cultural Properties (2015). Murota Joji; Reform of fire fighting tactics using Class A foam fire extinguishers, Fire extinguishing newsletter, D. General article on fire prevention and disaster prevention science, pp.106-113 (2002).

  In the present invention, a temperature-sensitive inorganic composition that forms a solid film or a solid foam is used as a fire extinguishing agent for a substance already burned in a fire or the like, or as a fire spread inhibitor for an unburned substance that may spread. The purpose is to provide.

As a result of intensive studies to achieve the above object, the present inventors have
Single or mixed solution of sodium silicate and potassium silicate,
A solution of aluminum silicate dissolved in a single or mixed solution of sodium silicate and potassium silicate,
A solution in which an alkali carbonate alone or a mixture is dissolved in sodium silicate and potassium silicate alone or in a mixed solution, or an aluminum silicate and an alkali carbonate alone or in a mixture of sodium silicate and potassium silicate alone or in a mixed solution Temperature-sensitive inorganic composition prepared as a solution in which
Sensing heat such as fire, forming a solid film or solid foam alone or a hybrid on the surface of the combustion product, functioning as a fire extinguishing agent that exhibits a fire extinguishing action,
Functioning as a fire spread inhibitor that exhibits a fire spread inhibiting effect by supplying the temperature-sensitive inorganic composition to an unburned substance that has the possibility of spreading fire in advance;
The inventors have found that when the temperature is lowered after extinguishing the fire, the phenomenon of either or both of the solid film and the foam alone or the liquefaction or retention of the hybrid appears, and the present invention has been completed.

  That is, the present invention includes the following inventions.

Item 1. Thermosensitive inorganic composition fire extinguisher of the first invention
A temperature-sensitive inorganic composition fire extinguisher containing 0 to 26 parts by weight of aluminum silicate and water with respect to 100 parts by weight of the solid content of the alkali metal silicate compound and silicon dioxide of the alkali metal silicate compound.

Item 2.
It contains 0 to 26 parts by weight of aluminum silicate, a metal carbonate having a saturated concentration or less, and water with respect to 100 parts by weight of the solid content of the alkali metal silicate compound and silicon dioxide of the alkali metal silicate compound. Thermosensitive inorganic composition fire extinguisher.

Item 3.
Item 3. The temperature-sensitive inorganic composition fire extinguisher according to Item 1 or 2, wherein the alkali metal silicate compound is at least one compound selected from the group consisting of sodium silicate, potassium silicate, and lithium silicate.

Item 4.
The metal carbonate is an alkali metal carbonate and an alkali metal hydrogen carbonate, and the alkali metal is at least one compound selected from the group consisting of sodium, potassium and lithium. The temperature-sensitive inorganic composition fire extinguisher described.

Item 5. Temperature-sensitive inorganic composition fire spread inhibitor of the second invention
A temperature-sensitive inorganic composition fire spreader containing 0 to 26 parts by weight of aluminum silicate and water with respect to 100 parts by weight of solid content of the alkali metal silicate compound and silicon dioxide of the alkali metal silicate compound.

Item 6.
Sensitivity containing 0 to 26 parts by weight of aluminum silicate, a metal carbonate having a saturated concentration or less, and water with respect to 100 parts by weight of the solid content of the alkali metal silicate compound and silicon dioxide of the alkali metal silicate compound. Warm inorganic composition fire spread inhibitor.

Item 7.
Item 7. The temperature-sensitive inorganic composition fire spread inhibitor according to Item 5 or 6, wherein the alkali metal silicate compound is at least one compound selected from the group consisting of sodium silicate, potassium silicate, and lithium silicate.

Item 8.
Any one of Items 5 to 7, wherein the metal carbonate is an alkali metal carbonate and an alkali metal bicarbonate, and the alkali metal is at least one compound selected from the group consisting of sodium, potassium, and lithium. The described temperature-sensitive inorganic composition fire spread inhibitor.

Item 9. Paint of the third invention
9. A paint comprising a substrate having the temperature-sensitive inorganic composition fire extinguisher or the temperature-sensitive inorganic composition fire spread inhibitor according to any one of Items 1 to 8.

  According to the present invention, the cooling effect of the heat of vaporization by water in the fire extinguishing agent is exhibited by supplying a temperature-sensitive inorganic composition having a specific composition to a substance that burns in a fire.

  In addition, by supplying a temperature-sensitive inorganic composition having a specific composition to a substance that burns in the event of a fire, a solid film or a solid foam is formed on the surface of the combusted material alone or as a hybrid (hereinafter referred to as a coating). Exhibits the suffocation effect of and can extinguish the fire.

  According to the present invention, the fire extinguisher covered with liquid can be prevented from reburning by blocking the supply of oxygen to the combustible by the covering.

  For the substances supplied with this thermosensitive inorganic composition, the silicate layer derived from the fire extinguishing liquid formed by the heat of the fire is used to physically fix the fire extinguishing charcoal. Thus, it can contribute to prevention of exfoliation of high heat charcoal and fire charcoal on roofs and trees.

  This action can also suppress the spread of fire during strong winds. It can also be used for afterfire treatment in forest fires.

  On the other hand, when the environmental temperature decreases after extinguishing the fire, the present thermosensitive inorganic composition having deliquescence changes the solid that has formed the coating into a liquid or is partially liquefied, and the composition is arbitrarily set. Can also be held.

  If these effects are considered together, it can be applied to peat fires and prevention. Furthermore, by providing the temperature-sensitive inorganic composition to the combustible material before burning in advance, it becomes possible to form a film on the surface of the predicted fire spread and suppress the fire spread.

  The present invention provides a temperature-sensitive inorganic composition fire extinguisher and a temperature-sensitive inorganic composition fire spread inhibitor that have the above-described effects.

It is an elevation view of the fire extinguishing object (crib) used in the fire extinguishing experiment. FIG. 2 is a diagram showing a change over time in the thermal behavior when each fire extinguishing liquid is filled in a manual spray and the crib shown in FIG. 1 is extinguished. FIG. 2 is a view showing a change over time in the thermal behavior when the water content of the same composition is changed in a sprayer and each extinguishing liquid with a changed viscosity is filled and the crib shown in FIG. 1 is extinguished. FIG. 2 is a diagram showing the change over time in the thermal behavior of a sprayer prepared by changing the concentration of aluminum silicate to a mixed potassium silicate system, filled with each fire extinguishing liquid having almost the same viscosity, and extinguishing the crib shown in FIG. . Photo 1: An electric furnace heated to 700 ° C was sprayed with a fire extinguisher with the same composition changed in water content and the viscosity changed. It is a photograph. Photo 2: A fire extinguisher with the same composition was naturally dried on a slide glass, and samples prepared with different moisture contents were placed in an electric furnace at room temperature, and then the furnace temperature was raised at 20 ° C / min. It is the photograph which image | photographed the mode of the solid bubble in each arbitrary temperature of. Photo 3: Varying the moisture content of the fire extinguisher with the same composition, carrying almost the same amount on a slide glass and pre-drying it, installed in an electric furnace and rising from room temperature in an air atmosphere at 20 ° C / min. This is a photograph taken over time of the deliquescence of each sample, starting from the time when the sample was heated and kept at 600 ° C. for 4 hours to be in an absolutely dry state and then taken out of the electric furnace.

  The temperature-sensitive inorganic composition fire extinguishing agent and the temperature-sensitive inorganic composition fire spread inhibitor of the present invention include sodium silicate and potassium silicate, alone or mixed, aluminum silicate and metal carbonate, and can be arbitrarily selected from liquid to solid. Adjustable to form.

  When the inorganic substance is supplied to the combustion substance, the combustion substance is cooled by the heat of vaporization of water, and a solid film or solid foam having a siloxane molecular structure is formed on the surface of the combustion substance by heat in the environment being extinguished. Is generated.

  This coating of the present invention maintains a stable state in the temperature range where the heat in the environment is 100 ° C. or more and less than about 850 ° C., so that the surface of the combustion product is stably coated and the temperature at which water evaporates The suffocation effect is maintained even if it becomes above. Moreover, since the covering of the combustion part contributes to the dispersion of the flame by preventing the generation of the flame from the adhering part, the effect of reducing the fire power is also exhibited.

In addition, since the product of the present invention does not contain any organic compounds (surfactant, chelating agent, metal fatty acid, etc.) that are harmful during thermal decomposition, it is a safe material that does not generate harmful smoke or gas from the product of the present invention. is there. Assuming that the silicate compound as the main component is melted by the heat of the fire, the generated fume is amorphous SiO ₂ , and when this fume touches human skin, it adsorbs moisture on the skin surface and dries out. It is a sensation, but you can just wash it off with water.

  Thus, when a silicic acid compound is used as a starting material for a fire extinguisher, it is possible to create an environment with almost no human harm due to thermal decomposition during a fire. In addition, in the product of the present invention arbitrarily prepared so that the deliquescent action is manifested, when the temperature decreases after extinguishing the fire, the decontamination of the skeletal material that forms the coating starts, and the saturated water vapor pressure of the skeletal component and the water vapor pressure in the atmosphere Absorb water until equal.

  In the product of the present invention, the skeletal component is in an exposed state at the beginning of the deliquescence phenomenon. However, since the skeletal component is covered with liquid after that, it proceeds until the skeletal component is dissolved by deliquescence. Due to this phenomenon, the coating formed by heat such as a fire liquefies by returning to the outside air temperature.

  Furthermore, by applying the fire extinguisher continuously or intermittently to the flammable predicted fire spread material in advance, the coating precursor or coating is formed on the surface of the predicted fire spread material, and fire It is possible to reduce the heat from the fire and suppress the spread of fire.

  The product of the present invention can be usually produced by mixing an aluminum silicate and a metal carbonate into a silicate compound solution to prepare an arbitrary water content depending on the purpose.

  The moisture content of the temperature-sensitive inorganic composition fire extinguishing agent and the temperature-sensitive inorganic composition fire spread inhibitor may be in a range that does not impair this purpose, and is usually 7 to 95%.

In the present specification, “silicate compound” means potassium silicate, sodium silicate and lithium silicate, and each of K ₂ O · nSiO ₂ (n = 1.8 to 3.7), Na ₂ O · nSiO ₂ (n = 2.0 to 3.8), Li ₂ O.nSiO ₂ (n = 3 to 8) composition formula (mH ₂ O is omitted), and coefficient n is a value described in parentheses attached to each composition formula Represents a compound.

  The pH of the product of the present invention can also be adjusted by diluting the “silicate compound” with water.

  Further, the pH may be adjusted by diluting the “silicic acid compound” with a saturated solution of “metal carbonate” described later, and the pH may be adjusted by adding water to the diluted product.

  In practice, it is usually preferred to prepare at a pH of less than 12.5.

  Depending on market demands, a temperature-sensitive inorganic composition fire extinguishing agent or a temperature-sensitive inorganic composition fire spread inhibitor may be prepared while maintaining the pH of the raw silicate compound.

  The “silicate compound” may be a mixture of a plurality of silicate compounds. If the concentration of sodium silicate is higher than the concentration of the coexisting silicate compound, the adhesion to the combustion product becomes strong, and the spread of the liquid becomes slightly worse.

  If the concentration of potassium silicate is higher than the concentration of the coexisting silicate compound, the adhesion to the combustion product is slightly weakened, but the spread of the liquid is improved. If the concentration of lithium silicate is higher than the concentration of the coexisting silicate compound, the adhesion to the combustion product becomes weak and the spread of the liquid is improved.

  Considering these characteristics, the basic characteristics can be designed according to the purpose and application of the fire extinguishing agent and the fire spreader.

  Water is contained in a range that does not impair the purpose of the temperature-sensitive inorganic composition fire extinguishing liquid and the temperature-sensitive inorganic composition fire spread inhibiting liquid of the present invention.

  By adding “aluminum silicate”, it is possible to control the high-temperature skeleton maintenance property of the solid film and solid foam formed by heat such as fire and the flame extinguishing property when sprayed.

  The amount of aluminum silicate added is preferably 26 parts by weight or less, preferably from 0.1 parts by weight to 5.5 parts by weight from the viewpoint of cost, with respect to 100 parts by weight of the solid content of the silicate compound. No.

  Aluminum silicate can be omitted depending on the purpose and application, but as the amount of aluminum silicate added increases, the fire-extinguishing and fire-spreading suppression effects also increase.

  The “metal carbonate” is not particularly limited as long as it is water-soluble, and examples thereof include potassium carbonate, potassium bicarbonate, sodium carbonate, and sodium bicarbonate.

  Potassium carbonate and potassium bicarbonate have a solubility in water of 30 ° C. of about 52 g and about 28 g, respectively, and are easily dissolved in a silicate compound solution. By adding these, the viscosity of the product of the present invention can be adjusted, the sticky feeling of wetting on the combustion product can be controlled, and the pH of the product of the present invention can also be adjusted.

  Sodium carbonate and sodium bicarbonate have a solubility in water of 30 ° C. of about 31 g and about 10 g, respectively, and are easily dissolved in a silicate compound solution. By adding these, it is possible to adjust the viscosity of the product of the present invention, to adjust the feeling of wetness to the combustion product, and to adjust the pH of the product of the present invention.

  The upper limit of the amount of “metal carbonate” added is the dissolution amount of each metal carbonate described above. Usually, if the pH when dissolved in water is below the concentration with an upper limit of less than 12.5, work efficiency is good. These can be used alone or in a mixture depending on the purpose and application.

  By controlling the water content of the product of the present invention containing the additive, the shape of the solid film, solid foam or hybrid produced during fire extinguishing can be controlled.

  Furthermore, the degree of deliquescence after extinguishing fire can be controlled by controlling the pH of the product of the present invention containing the above additives.

  In the present specification, “including 0 to X parts by weight” means that the target component may be included in the composition at a maximum of X parts by weight, and in the case of 0 part by weight, it may not be included. Therefore, for example, in the present specification, "0 to 26 parts by weight" of aluminum silicate means that the composition of the present invention contains aluminum silicate with respect to 100 parts by weight of solid content of silicon dioxide of sodium silicate. Means that it may or may not contain up to 26 parts by weight.

  The temperature-sensitive inorganic composition fire extinguisher and the temperature-sensitive inorganic composition fire spread inhibitor of the present invention can be used alone, or a paint can be prepared using the composition as a substrate. In that case, water can be added as a known additive or solvent as long as the object of the present invention is not impaired.

  As additives, for example, pigments, desiccants, fluidity modifiers, ultraviolet absorbers, sagging inhibitors, heat resistance improvers, and the like can be used.

  The method of forming a coating film with the temperature-sensitive inorganic composition fire extinguisher and the temperature-sensitive inorganic composition fire spread inhibitor is a doctor blade method, a gel casting method, a casting method, a calendar method, or a spray coating method. It can be applied by a known method such as a roller coating method, a bar coating method, an air knife coating method, a brush coating method, a dipping method and the like, followed by natural drying or forced drying.

  The thickness of the dried temperature-sensitive inorganic composition fire extinguishing liquid and the temperature-sensitive inorganic composition fire spread inhibitor formed on the surface of a building member or the like is not limited as long as the object of the present invention is not impaired. 50 μm to several tens of mm. For the purpose of improving the durability of the coating film, it is preferable to heat-treat at 120 ° C. or higher to form a silicate layer.

  On the other hand, when the durability of the coating film is not necessary and deliquescent priority is given, heating after the coating film is not necessary. Moreover, this unheated dry coating film exhibits deliquescence in all compositions described in this specification.

  Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in detail with reference to examples. In the present invention, as long as it is the purpose of the present invention and does not particularly impair the effects of the present invention, modifications or partial changes and additions are optional and all fall within the scope of the present invention. .

The test method test was conducted by the Ministry of Land, Infrastructure, Transport and Tourism designated performance evaluation in accordance with the international standard (ISO / CD12468 Test method for external fire exposure to roofs). The target area described in the performance test / evaluation method used cribs (Fig. 1) using beech wood specified for "buildings in fire prevention and semi-fire prevention areas (Article 63 of the Building Standards Act)".

  The size of the crib single tree is 19 mm long × 19 mm wide × 180 mm wide. As shown in Fig. 1, the assembly dimensions when using three steps each in three rows are 60 mm long × 80 mm wide × 80 mm wide.

  The specified weight of this crib is 155 ± 10 g.

  A crib whose water content was adjusted to 10% or less was ignited with a gas stove and burned for a predetermined time. The burning crib was moved to the fire extinguishing experiment site, and a K-type thermocouple was installed in the burning crib. After confirming that the thermocouple captured the heat of combustion, the prepared fire extinguishing liquid was supplied to the combustion crib and extinguished.

  A fire extinguishing experiment was recorded as a moving image, and the fire extinguishing situation, temperature change, and fire extinguishing liquid volume data before and after the extinguishing were recorded.

  The fire extinguishing effect was evaluated based on Takahashi's evaluation method (Non-Patent Documents 2 to 5).

  According to Non-Patent Documents 3 and 4, the following equation holds.

Q ₀ = M ₀ φλμ ₀ (1)
In Equation (1), Q ₀ is the amount of water required for fire extinguishing, M ₀ is the initial weight of the crib, φ is the weight reduction rate of the crib, λ is the charcoal yield (0.29) with respect to the weight loss 1 during crib combustion, and μ ₀ is the amount of water (3.4) required for extinguishing the unit weight of charcoal in the top water injection method.

  Also, “0” in the subscript is a coefficient and a calculated value given by Takahashi's experimental system.

  Also, Non-Patent Document 5 presents the ability of the following formula fire extinguishing agent.

η = μ _meas / μ ₀ (2)
In equation (2), the subscript “meas” is the experimental result.

  That is, the fire extinguishing effect can be compared by obtaining the value of η.

  Since μ is defined as the amount of water required for the method required for extinguishing, it can be compared including the effects of different extinguishing methods and different extinguishing agents. In this experiment, fire extinguishing liquid is sprayed and fire extinguishing experiment is performed, which is different from Takahashi's experiment method. Then, the operation constant in the case of the water which used the same fire extinguishing agent was calculated | required, and the fire extinguishing liquid evaluation on the same spray rate conditions as this experiment system was performed as follows based on the operation constant.

In this experiment, when the weight loss rate of crib was 0.62, the amount of water used for fire extinguishing was 54 [g]. The measured value was about half the value of Q ₀ calculated from the experimental procedure Takahashi.

Therefore, in order to obtain the operating constants of this experimental system, in the experimental environment of the same crib weight reduction rate (herein indicated as “wo” in the subscript), water was used as a fire extinguisher at the same spray rate as this experimental system. The amount of fire extinguishing water Q′w ₀ when used by spraying is divided by the required amount of fire extinguishing water Qw ₀ in the top water injection method of Takahashi, and is represented by the following equation as η1.

η1 = Q'w ₀ / Qw ₀
= Q'w ₀ / Mw ₀ φλμw ₀ (3)
η1 was determined to be 0.52 as a result of analysis based on experimental results.

Multiplying the necessary fire extinguishing quantity Q ₀ of the top water injection method by η ₁ , the quantity Q _{cc of} fire extinguishing water required in this experimental system can be obtained.

Q _cc = η1Q ₀ (4)
The fire-extinguishing effect Ef is obtained by dividing the amount of liquid used in this experimental system by Q _cc so that the fire-extinguishing effect of the fire-extinguishing liquid used in the experiment is shown as a multiple of the water fire-extinguishing effect.

Ef = Q _meas / Q _cc (5)
In equation (5), Q _meas is the amount of fire extinguishing liquid used in the experiment.

  Therefore, if the spray rate of the extinguishing agent to the burning crib is constant, using the experimental value of the required extinguishing amount and the equations (1), (3), (4) and (5), this experiment The fire extinguishing ability of the prepared fire extinguishing agent when the fire extinguishing ability of water is 1 in the system can be evaluated.

  Regarding the influence of the moisture content on the coating formation, various prepared samples were sprayed on a slide glass and put in a furnace previously kept at 700 ° C. in an air atmosphere in an electric furnace. After recording the change of the fire extinguishing liquid due to heating as a moving image, the film was taken out from the electric furnace and visually observed for the formation of a solid film or foam.

  Regarding the thermal stability of the coatings having different moisture contents, the prepared samples were applied to a slide glass and preliminarily dried so that the moisture contents were different. After each sample was installed in an electric furnace, it was heated at a rate of temperature increase of 20 ° C./min. In an air atmosphere, and photographs were taken at each arbitrary temperature.

  About the influence of the deliquescence of the coating formation from which moisture content differs, the prepared various samples are apply | coated to a slide glass, and what dried naturally is made into an absolutely dry state using an electric furnace. After that, the time taken out from the electric furnace was set as the start of the deliquescence experiment, and photographs were taken at an arbitrary time until the deliquescence phenomenon reached equilibrium.

  Here, the absolutely dry state refers to a state in which heat treatment is performed in an electric furnace in an air atmosphere by raising the temperature from room temperature to 600 ° C. at a rate of 20 ° C./min and holding at 600 ° C. for 4 hours.

  The solid content ratio was obtained by dividing the solid content in the absolutely dry state (absolute dry weight) by the amount of sample collected (including both solid content and moisture) and multiplying by 100. The solid content rate may be referred to as a solid content concentration.

  The water content was determined by subtracting the solid content from 100.

  As for the deliquescence phenomenon, time measurement was started when it was taken out from the electric furnace, and photographs were taken until the deliquescence phenomenon reached an equilibrium state.

[Example 1] Characteristics of each fire extinguishing liquid: extinguishing with manual spray
The water of the comparative example fire extinguishing liquid used tap water.

Example 1-1 Preparation Method Sample 1-1 was prepared by dissolving 10 g of potassium carbonate in 46 g of water to simulate a strengthening solution having a pH of 12.11.

Preparation method of Example 1-2
A sample 1-2 having a viscosity of 3.87 [mPas] and a solid content concentration of 18.6% was prepared by mixing JIS standard 3 sodium silicate aqueous solution with the same volume of water.

Preparation Method of Example 1-3 30 g of potassium carbonate was dissolved in 231 g of water to obtain an aqueous solution having a pH of 11.99. A sample 1-3 having a viscosity of 4.71 [mPas] and a solid content concentration of 20.2% was prepared by mixing the potassium carbonate aqueous solution having the same volume with a JIS standard No. 2 potassium silicate aqueous solution.

Experimental method Each sample was prepared as described above, a thermocouple was installed at the position of Δ of the crib shown in FIG. 1 on the crib burned for 3 minutes, and the fire was extinguished using a manual spray. A fire extinguishing experiment was recorded as a moving image, and the fire extinguishing situation, temperature change, and fire extinguishing liquid volume data before and after the extinguishing were recorded.

Test results The test results are shown in Table 1 and FIG.

  Table 1 shows the extinguishing liquid viscosity used in the fire extinguishing experiment, the amount of liquid used for extinguishing, the extinguishing effect, and the arrival time below 50 ° C. in Example 1.

  FIG. 2 shows the change over time in the thermal behavior of an experiment in which each fire extinguisher was extinguished by manual spraying.

  Figure 2-1 shows a comparative example. In the comparative example, it took 14 minutes to escape and extinguish each time the flame of the combustion crib sprayed. Although the portion where water was attached to the crib after spraying was once extinguished, the reburning was repeated one after another due to the evaporation of water under the influence of the surrounding heat. The crib collapse began after 12.5 minutes, and completely collapsed after 14.5 minutes. Fire extinguishing was completed without spraying again when sprayed after collapse.

  Fig. 2-2 shows Example 1-1. When sample 1-1 was sprayed, the first flame extinguishing was 2 minutes later, but as with water, it reignited when the moisture in sample 1-1 evaporated due to the influence of the surrounding heat. After that, repeated extinction and relapse, and after 9 minutes, the crib collapsed. However, the amount of fire extinguishing liquid used was less than that of water, and the fire extinguishing effect was better than that of the comparative example.

  In Example 1-1, since the amount of extinguishing agent used was smaller than that in the comparative example, it was found that the effect of thermal decomposition of potassium carbonate appeared.

  Fig. 2-3 shows Example 1-2. When Sample 1-2 was sprayed, the first extinguishing was 5 minutes after the start of extinguishing. If left untreated for 2 minutes, it burned again. The re-burning point was re-burning from the point where the sprayed sample 1-2 did not reach the bonfire. After 7.5 minutes, it was sprayed again and extinguished. When left again, the temperature inside the crib began to rise. Spraying was continued until the temperature dropped to extinguish the bonfire in the invisible areas.

  In Example 1-2, there was no crib collapse. In Example 1-2, the sample covered the combustion material during fire extinguishing, and the effect of suffocation appeared at the same time as maintaining the temperature of the crib.

  Fig. 2-4 shows Example 1-3. When Sample 1-3 was sprayed, the flame was extinguished 3.5 minutes after the start of fire extinguishing. In Example 1-3, the amount of extinguishing agent used was the smallest. After 3.5 minutes, the temperature inside the crib decreased relatively rapidly without re-flammability. In Example 1-3, there was no crib collapse.

  In Example 1-3, the suffocation effect also appeared at the same time as the effect of covering the burning material during fire extinguishing and maintaining the temperature of the crib. In addition, the best results were obtained by the effect of thermal decomposition of potassium carbonate. Thus, it became clear that the fire-extinguishing effect is enhanced by using the silicate compound and the metal carbonate component together.

  It has been found that when a silicate compound and a metal carbonate are mixed, the fire-extinguishing effect is enhanced. The upper limit of the addition amount of the metal carbonate is the limit of the saturated dissolution amount of each carbonate. Therefore, for the purpose of improving fire extinguishing ability, improvement of the fire extinguishing effect cannot be expected if only metal carbonate is used.

  In order to further improve the fire extinguishing effect, it is more effective to increase the fire extinguishing effect of the silicate compound. This is because the fire extinguishing effect of the metal carbonate can be further added to the fire extinguishing effect enhanced by the silicic acid compound. Therefore, in the subsequent experiments, we developed an enhanced fire extinguishing effect derived from silicic acid compounds.

[Example 2] Formation of solid film and solid foam
Preparation method of Example 2-1 to Example 2-7
A fire extinguishing base material (hereinafter referred to as “base material”) prepared by mixing 0.1 part by weight of aluminum silicate with 100 parts by weight of the solid content of JIS No. 2 potassium silicate aqueous solution. Each sample was appropriately diluted with water to prepare samples having different viscosities shown in Table 2.

Test results The test results are shown in Table 2 and Photo 1 (Fig. 5). Table 2 shows a state in which each sample was sprayed on a slide glass in Example 2, and immediately after that, the slide glass was put into an electric furnace in a wet state, and the viscosity and solid content ratio thereof were shown.

  Photo 1 shows the appearance of the sample taken out after heating.

  Since Example 2 is put into the heat source in a wet state, it simulates a state in which a fire extinguisher is sprayed on the combustion product. Moreover, since the slide glass is used, it can be well observed in what state the temperature-sensitive inorganic composition fire extinguishing agent reacts with a high-temperature object.

  Photo 1 shows the state of foaming of the spray liquid charged into the heat source (“Number-Number” in Photo 1 is the same as Sample “Number-Number”). Here, in Example 2-3 (third from the left in Photo 1), the slide glass broke during the experiment. As the viscosity of the fire extinguishing liquid increases, the foaming height of the solid bubbles increases, and the solid film area becomes narrower.

  On the other hand, with the decrease in the viscosity of the fire extinguishing liquid, the foaming height of the solid foam is lowered, and the solid film area is widened. Here, the solid film refers to a state in which films formed on the slide glass spread laterally without being stacked.

  Considering the function of the present invention as a fire extinguisher, it is sufficient to efficiently cover the surface of the burned material, and there is no need to unnecessarily be bulky. For this reason, if the extinguishing liquid has the same volume, if the viscosity is low, the covering area becomes large, so the fire extinguishing efficiency is good.

  On the other hand, fire extinguishing liquids with high viscosity are not suitable for spray type fire extinguishing liquids, considering that handling of the sprayer becomes difficult. However, apart from applications, filling a pack with a high-viscosity fire extinguishing liquid and installing it at a predicted fire spread point can exhibit heat insulation utilizing the bulkiness that is a characteristic of high viscosity and suppress fire spread.

  As shown in the above results, it was clarified that the state (solid film, solid foam, or hybrid shape) that changes due to the heat of the fire can be controlled by adjusting the solid content concentration of the silicate compound.

[Example 3] High temperature stability of solid foam
Preparation method of Example 3
A base material (solid content concentration of 36.3% at this time) prepared by mixing 25.8 parts by weight of aluminum silicate with 100 parts by weight of solid content of JIS No. 3 sodium silicate aqueous solution is slide glass After application, the moisture was adjusted to prepare each sample.

Test result Photo 2 (Fig. 6) shows the foaming state (Example 3) of the spray solution of the fire extinguishing solution charged into the heat source. In Example 3, before the sample was put into the electric furnace, the water content of the fire extinguishing liquid was adjusted in advance, and a film was formed on the slide glass. Sample 3-1 (left) has a moisture content of 40% and sample 3-2 (right) has 7%. Heat was applied to both samples, and when the temperature exceeded 100 ° C., bubbles started to form with the evaporation of water and became solid bubbles.

  After the start of foaming, the state of the solid foam almost maintained the bulk up to 750 ° C. When the temperature exceeds 750 ° C., the bulk gradually decreases, but the shape of the foam remains retained. Moreover, since it will exceed the softening point of glass when it exceeds 750 degreeC, a solid bubble will soften gradually. However, it was confirmed that the glass was strongly adhered to the slide glass without melting and deterioration at least up to 850 ° C. and without flowing of solid bubbles.

  The state of this heating change schematically shows how the solid bubbles follow the fire heat immediately after the extinguishing liquid is supplied to the combustion product in the event of a fire. In this way, this fire extinguisher is different from liquid foam, indicating that it has very high heat resistance.

  In addition, since the fire extinguisher is strongly adhered to the adhered object until it melts and flows out, it is clear that the suffocation effect can be sustained and exhibited up to a very high temperature, and that it also has a fire spread suppressing effect. became. It was also found that afterfire treatment in a forest fire is effective in preventing relapse.

[Example 4] Deliquession of solid membrane and solid foam
Preparation method of Example 4
A base material was prepared by mixing 3.5 parts by weight of aluminum silicate with 100 parts by weight of the solid content of JIS No. 1 potassium silicate aqueous solution.

  By diluting the base material with water, the viscosity was adjusted to 12.0, 6.03 and 2.27 [mPas].

  Thereafter, each sample was heated to 600 ° C. for 4 hours in an air atmosphere to be in an absolutely dry state.

Test results Photo 3 (FIG. 7) shows the time course of each sample of Examples 4-1 to 4-3 when the experiment was started immediately after removal from a 600 ° C. heat source. The experimental day was an experimental environment with an average temperature of 23.6 ° C and an average humidity of 82%.

  At the start of the experiment, the left side of photo 3 (sample 4-1) is solid foam only, the middle (sample 4-2) is a mixture of solid foam and solid film, and the right side (sample 4-3) is solid film only. It was the state of. Over time, all samples were deliquescent and changed from solid to liquid.

  The state of the solid foam in Example 4-1 is the slowest to liquefy and takes about 3.5 hours. The liquefaction of the solid film is difficult to judge because there is no color change, but it takes less time to liquefy than the laminated solid bubbles. Photo 3 shows that the time required for deliquescence varies depending on the bulk of the foamed bulk layer and the foam density.

  In addition, since the experiment was started in an absolutely dry state, water was absorbed from moisture in the atmosphere (having the intention to start from a dry silicate layer without water in each sample) and liquefied. This indicates that the deliquescent phenomenon has occurred, and that moisture previously contained in the coating does not affect the deliquescent phenomenon.

  In Examples 5 and 6 described later, a part of deliquescence was observed, and part of the deliquescence phenomenon was also observed in a mixture with a sodium silicate compound. From this, it was found that the deliquescence phenomenon that occurs after the formation of the silicate layer can be controlled by adjusting the composition of the extinguishing agent.

[Example 5] Performance of fire extinguishing liquid: Influence of viscosity
Preparation method of Example 5
3.5 parts by weight of aluminum silicate with respect to 100 parts by weight (volume ratio 1: 3) of the solid content of JIS standard 1 potassium silicate aqueous solution and the solid content of JIS standard 2 potassium silicate aqueous solution Were mixed to prepare a base material. Each sample was prepared by adjusting the viscosities of 11.4, 6.24 and 2.08 [mPas] by diluting the base material with water.

Test results Table 3 shows the viscosity of the extinguishing agent used in the fire extinguishing experiment, the amount of liquid extinguished, the fire extinguishing effect, and the arrival time when the temperature of the crib fell below 50 ° C. With the same composition of the fire extinguishing liquid, the sprayable viscosity decreased, the amount of the extinguishing liquid used was reduced, and the fire extinguishing effect increased.

  This is because the effect of the area in which the combustible material is covered with a solid film effective for fire extinguishing and the effect of drastically lowering the temperature of the fire extinguisher using the heat of vaporization of water are manifested.

  Fig. 3-1 shows the change over time in the temperature inside the crib in the fire extinguishing experiment of Example 5-1 (in the case of viscosity 11.4 [mPas]).

  In Sample 5-1, the fire extinguisher was sprayed onto the combustion crib for 2 seconds within 102 seconds from the start of measurement, and the flame disappeared immediately. After confirming the extinction, the fire extinguishing liquid was sprayed for 1 second in 127 seconds from the start, and the spraying was stopped.

  After spraying stopped, the temperature in the crib once approached the wood combustion temperature of 260 ° C, but then the temperature gradually decreased. The phenomenon that the temperature inside the crib rises after the spraying is stopped is because the foam layer hinders the heat release of the crib.

  As described above, since the temperature inside the object to be coated is maintained by foaming, it has been clarified that there is an anti-temperature changing action against external heat. In sprayable sample 5-1 (viscosity 11.4 [mPas]), the thickness of the foamed layer is controlled appropriately, so it does not reach the combustion temperature of wood and heat can be dissipated relatively slowly. Indicated.

  Fig. 3-2 shows the change over time in the temperature inside the crib in the fire extinguishing experiment of Example 5-2 (in the case of viscosity 6.24 [mPas]).

  In Sample 5-2, the fire extinguisher was sprayed onto the combustion crib for 1 second in 84 seconds from the start of measurement, and the flame disappeared immediately. After confirming the extinction, the fire extinguisher was sprayed 4 times against the bonfire for about 1 second at an arbitrary time from the start to 227 seconds, and the spraying was stopped.

  After spraying was stopped, foaming of the fire extinguishing liquid was not observed so much and the temperature inside the crib decreased relatively quickly. The reason why the temperature inside the crib decreases relatively quickly after the spraying is stopped is because the heat in the crib is released to the outside of the crib more efficiently than in Example 5-1, because it is a hybrid of a solid film and a solid foam. .

  Thus, the result of the good fire extinguishing was shown by covering the combustion product with the mixture of solid foam and solid film.

  Fig. 3-3 shows the change over time in the temperature inside the crib of the fire fighting experiment of Example 5-3 (in the case of viscosity 2.08 [mPas]).

  In Sample 5-3, the fire extinguisher was sprayed onto the combustion crib for 1 second in 61 seconds from the start of measurement, and the flame disappeared immediately. After confirming the extinction, the fire extinguisher was sprayed 4 times against the bonfire for about 1 second at an arbitrary time from the start to 153 seconds, and the spraying was stopped.

  After spraying was stopped, no foaming of the fire extinguishing liquid was observed, and the temperature inside the crib quickly decreased. The reason why the temperature in the crib quickly decreases after the spraying is stopped is because the heat in the crib is released to the outside of the crib more efficiently than in Example 5-1 and Example 5-2. is there.

  In this way, the solid film covered the combustion material, so that the fire was extinguished well and the temperature drop of the crib after the fire extinguishing was the fastest.

[Example 6] Performance of fire extinguishing liquid: Concentration of aluminum silicate
Preparation method of Example 6-1 and Example 6-2 and Example 6-3
0.1 parts by weight of aluminum silicate with respect to 100 parts by weight (volume ratio 1: 3) of the solid content of JIS standard 1 potassium silicate aqueous solution and the solid content of JIS standard 2 potassium silicate aqueous solution Were mixed to prepare a base material of Example 6-1.

  100 parts by weight (volume ratio 1: 3) of the solid content of JIS standard 1 potassium silicate aqueous solution and the solid content of JIS standard 2 potassium silicate aqueous solution, 1.0 part by weight of aluminum silicate Were mixed to prepare a base material of Example 6-2.

  3.5 parts by weight of aluminum silicate with respect to 100 parts by weight (volume ratio 1: 3) of the solid content of JIS standard 1 potassium silicate aqueous solution and the solid content of JIS standard 2 potassium silicate aqueous solution Were mixed to prepare a base material of Example 6-3.

  Each sample was diluted with water and adjusted to a viscosity of about 2.10 [mPas] to prepare each sample. Example 6-3 is the same as Example 5-3.

Test results Table 4 shows the amount of fire extinguishing agent used in the fire extinguishing experiment and the fire extinguishing effect. Here, Sample 6-3 is the same as Sample 5-3 in Table 3. At the same viscosity, the concentration of aluminum silicate increased and the amount of fire extinguishing liquid used decreased, and the fire extinguishing effect increased.

  In addition, the time during which the temperature inside the crib fell below 50 ° C. became shorter as the amount of aluminum silicate increased. This is because the coating effect on the combusted material, water vaporization thermal cooling, and the high temperature stability of the coating film made of aluminum silicate were developed.

  Figure 4-1 shows the time-dependent change in the temperature inside the crib in the fire extinguishing experiment when the viscosity of sample 6-1 is 2.18 [mPas]. In 76 seconds from the start of measurement, the fire extinguisher was sprayed onto the combustion crib for 3 seconds. The flame extinguished, and the temperature inside the crib immediately decreased. After confirming the extinction, the fire extinguisher was sprayed twice for about 1 second at an arbitrary time from the start to 129 seconds, and the spraying was stopped.

  After spraying stopped, no foaming of the fire extinguishing liquid was seen, and the temperature inside the crib became low. Here, the measured temperature at the bottom follows a gentle drop. This is a state in which the fire extinguishing liquid is applied not to the entire surface of the bonfire on the bottom of the crib but to the periphery of the bonfire on the bottom of the crib. In other words, since the solid film with the effect of suffocation surrounds the vicinity of the bonfire, it is difficult for oxygen to be supplied to the bonfire and the fire is extinguished naturally. However, looking at Figure 4-1, there is almost no effect on the overall temperature drop below 50 ° C.

  It was also found that surrounding the bonfire with a solid film makes it easy to extinguish natural fires. In addition, the solid film covered the combustion product, so that the fire was extinguished well, and the temperature decreased rapidly after the fire was extinguished.

  Fig. 4-2 shows the time-dependent change in the temperature inside the crib of the fire extinguishing experiment when the viscosity of sample 6-2 is 2.07 [mPas]. In 75 seconds from the start of measurement, the fire extinguisher was sprayed onto the combustion crib for 2 seconds. The flame went out and the temperature inside the crib immediately decreased. After confirming extinction, the fire extinguisher was sprayed 3 times against the bonfire for about 1 second at an arbitrary time from the start to 192 seconds, and the spraying was stopped.

  After spraying was stopped, no foaming of the fire extinguishing liquid was observed, and the temperature inside the crib quickly decreased. The reason why the temperature in the crib quickly decreases after the spraying is stopped is that a solid film is formed.

  In this way, the solid film covered the combustion material, so that the fire was extinguished well, and the temperature drop after the fire extinguishment was quick.

  Sample 6-3 is the same as Sample 5-3, and the experimental results are also the same as in FIG. 3-3.

  Compared to Samples 6-1 and 6-2, the variation in each measured temperature is small, and it can be seen that the temperature of the crib quickly decreases.

  Thus, it turned out that the fire extinguishing effect becomes high as the concentration of aluminum silicate increases.

Claims (9)

  A temperature-sensitive inorganic composition fire extinguisher containing 0 to 26 parts by weight of aluminum silicate and water with respect to 100 parts by weight of the solid content of the alkali metal silicate compound and silicon dioxide of the alkali metal silicate compound.   It contains 0 to 26 parts by weight of aluminum silicate, a metal carbonate having a saturated concentration or less, and water with respect to 100 parts by weight of the solid content of the alkali metal silicate compound and silicon dioxide of the alkali metal silicate compound. Thermosensitive inorganic composition fire extinguisher.   3. The temperature-sensitive inorganic composition fire extinguishing agent according to claim 1, wherein the alkali metal silicate compound is at least one compound selected from the group consisting of sodium silicate, potassium silicate and lithium silicate.   The metal carbonate is an alkali metal carbonate and an alkali metal hydrogen carbonate, and the alkali metal is at least one compound selected from the group consisting of sodium, potassium and lithium. The temperature-sensitive inorganic composition fire extinguisher described.   A temperature-sensitive inorganic composition fire spreader containing 0 to 26 parts by weight of aluminum silicate and water with respect to 100 parts by weight of solid content of the alkali metal silicate compound and silicon dioxide of the alkali metal silicate compound.   Sensitivity containing 0 to 26 parts by weight of aluminum silicate, a metal carbonate having a saturated concentration or less, and water with respect to 100 parts by weight of the solid content of the alkali metal silicate compound and silicon dioxide of the alkali metal silicate compound. Warm inorganic composition fire spread inhibitor.   7. The temperature-sensitive inorganic composition fire spread inhibitor according to claim 5, wherein the alkali metal silicate compound is at least one compound selected from the group consisting of sodium silicate, potassium silicate and lithium silicate.   The metal carbonate is an alkali metal carbonate or an alkali metal bicarbonate, and the alkali metal is at least one compound selected from the group consisting of sodium, potassium, and lithium. The described temperature-sensitive inorganic composition fire spread inhibitor.   A paint comprising a substrate having the temperature-sensitive inorganic composition fire extinguisher or the temperature-sensitive inorganic composition fire spread inhibitor according to any one of claims 1 to 8.