JP2018179450A - Chemical heat storage device - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a chemical heat storage device capable of improving efficiency of heat exchange between a reaction material and a heating object.SOLUTION: A chemical heat storage device comprises: a reactor 7 including a reaction material 10 which generates heat through a chemical reaction with NHand desorbs NHwith heat of engine oil; and a supply pipe 9 which connects the reactor 7 and an absorber where the NHis stored and flows the same. The reactor 7 has: a cylindrical housing 13 with the engine oil introduced through one end thereof and discharged through the other end thereof; and a case 19 which is arranged inside the housing 13 in a spiral manner, stores the reaction material 10, and forms an oil distribution passage 20 where the engine oil is distributed. The case 19 also has a plurality of protrusion sections 21 protruded in a radial direction of the housing 13 and a NHpassage section 23, where the NHflows, inside the same. The NHpassage section 23 is connected to the supply pipe 9 and arranged along the case 19 in a spiral manner.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 3

Description

  The present invention relates to a chemical heat storage device.

As a conventional chemical heat storage device, for example, the technology described in Patent Document 1 is known. The chemical heat storage device described in Patent Document 1 includes a reactor, and an adsorber connected to the reactor through a pipe. The reactor has a laminated structure in which a plurality of heat generating parts and a plurality of heat exchange parts are alternately laminated. The heat generating portion has a heat storage material that chemically reacts with NH ₃ to generate heat and receives exhaust heat to release NH ₃ , and a metal case that accommodates the heat storage material. The heat exchange portion forms a flow passage through which the exhaust gas can flow. The heat exchange part is comprised by the metal fin.

JP, 2015-169413, A

  However, in the above-mentioned prior art, the heat generated from the heat storage material (reaction material) of the heat generating portion is conducted to the metal fins, and the metal fins and the exhaust gas (heating object) exchange heat, thereby heating the heating object. Ru. For this reason, the thermal resistance between the reaction material and the heating target is increased, and the heat transfer efficiency from the reaction material to the heating target is reduced. As a result, the heat exchange efficiency between the reaction material and the heating target is reduced.

  An object of the present invention is to provide a chemical heat storage device capable of improving the heat exchange efficiency between a reaction material and a heating target.

  One aspect of the present invention is a chemical thermal storage device for heating an object to be heated, including a reactor including a reaction material that generates heat by a chemical reaction with the reaction medium and desorbs the reaction medium due to the heat of the heating object; And a supply pipe for connecting the reactor and the reservoir and through which the reaction medium flows. The reactor is a cylinder in which the heating object is introduced from one end and the heating object is discharged from the other end. A case, and a case disposed spirally inside the case and accommodating a reaction material and defining a heating target flow passage through which the heating object flows, the case being in the radial direction of the case The reaction medium passage is provided inside the case through which the reaction medium passes, and the reaction medium passage is connected to the supply pipe and along the case. It is characterized in that it is arranged in a spiral shape.

  In such a chemical heat storage device, when the reaction medium is supplied to the reaction material from the reservoir through the supply pipe and the reaction medium passage, the reaction material and the reaction medium react chemically to generate heat, The heat is transferred to the heating target flowing through the heating target flow passage to heat the heating target. Here, the case that accommodates the reaction material and defines the flow passage to be heated is disposed in a spiral shape inside the housing and has a plurality of protrusions protruding in the radial direction of the housing There is. Therefore, since the thermal resistance between the reaction material and the heating object is reduced by the amount of the heat exchange fins, compared to the structure in which the case containing the reaction material and the heat exchange fins are laminated, the reaction material to the heating object The heat transfer efficiency to the Thereby, the heat exchange efficiency between the reaction material and the heating target is improved.

  The reaction medium passage may be made of a metal porous body. In this case, the reaction medium can be spread over the entire reaction material while easily forming the reaction medium passage.

  The supply pipe may be connected to the reaction medium passage in a state where the supply pipe penetrates the outermost peripheral region of the case and extends to the inside of the case. In this case, since the supply pipe is disposed at a position distant from the lead-in part for introducing the heating target into the housing and the lead-out part for discharging the heating target from the housing, the supply pipe can be easily attached to the reactor Become.

  The protrusions may protrude radially outward of the housing. In this case, the flow path to be heated is sufficiently secured as compared with the case where the protrusions protrude radially outward and radially inward of the housing. In addition, when the case is spirally disposed inside the case, the case is easy to wind.

  According to the present invention, the heat exchange efficiency between the reaction material and the heating target can be improved.

FIG. 1 is a schematic configuration view showing an engine oil circulation system provided with a chemical heat storage device according to an embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 2 is a perspective view of the reactor shown in FIG. FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view of the reactor shown in FIG. FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view taken along line IV-IV of FIG. FIG. 5 is a perspective view showing a flat case in which the reaction material and the NH ₃ passage shown in FIGS. 3 and 4 are accommodated. FIG. 6 (a) is a cross-sectional view showing one of the conventional reactors as a comparative example, and FIG. 6 (b) is a diagram showing the reaction material and engine oil in the reactor shown in FIG. 6 (a). FIG. 6 is a conceptual view showing a combined thermal resistance between FIG. 7 (a) is a cross-sectional view showing a part of the reactor shown in FIG. 2, and FIG. 7 (b) shows the reaction material and engine oil in the reactor shown in FIG. 7 (a). It is a conceptual diagram which shows the synthetic thermal resistance in between.

  Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings. In the drawings, the same or equivalent elements will be denoted by the same reference symbols, without redundant description.

  FIG. 1 is a schematic configuration view showing an engine oil circulation system provided with a chemical heat storage device according to an embodiment of the present invention. In FIG. 1, an engine oil circulation system 1 is mounted on a vehicle equipped with an engine 2.

  The engine oil circulation system 1 circulates engine oil for lubricating each part in the engine 2. The engine oil circulation system 1 includes an oil circulation line 3 through which engine oil flows, and an oil pan 4 and an oil pump 5 disposed in the oil circulation line 3. The oil pan 4 stores engine oil. The oil pump 5 sucks up the engine oil stored in the oil pan 4 and pumps it toward the engine 2. The engine oil that has flowed through each part in the engine 2 returns to the oil pan 4.

  Moreover, the engine oil circulation system 1 is equipped with the chemical thermal storage apparatus 6 of this embodiment which heats (warms up) engine oil which is heating object. The chemical heat storage device 6 is a device that heats engine oil without requiring external energy such as electric power. The chemical heat storage device 6 includes a reactor 7, an adsorber 8, and a supply pipe 9.

The reactor 7 contains a reaction material 10. The reaction material 10 generates heat by the chemical reaction with NH ₃ when the reaction medium ammonia (NH ₃ ) is supplied, and the material from which NH ₃ is desorbed by the heat of the engine oil when the engine oil is given It is. As the reaction material 10, a halide represented by a composition formula MaXz is used. M is an alkali metal such as Li or Na, an alkaline earth metal such as Mg, Ca or Sr, a transition metal such as Cr, Mn, Fe, Co, Ni, Cu or Zn, Al, or a combination of these metals One or more selected cations. X is one or more anions selected from fluoride ion, chloride ion, bromide ion, iodide ion, nitrate ion, thiocyanate ion, sulfate ion, molybdate ion, and phosphate ion. X is, for example, Cl, Br or I. a is the number of cations per salt molecule. z is the number of anions per salt molecule.

The adsorber 8 is a reservoir for storing NH ₃ . The adsorber 8 has an adsorbent 11 which physically adsorbs NH ₃ at the time of heat generation and desorbs NH ₃ at the time of heat absorption. As the adsorbent 11, activated carbon, carbon black, mesoporous carbon, nanocarbon, zeolite or the like is used. The adsorbent 11 may also chemically adsorb NH ₃ .

The supply pipe 9 is a pipe that connects the reactor 7 and the adsorber 8 and allows NH ₃ to flow bi-directionally between the reactor 7 and the adsorber 8. The supply pipe 9 is made of a metal material (for example, stainless steel) having corrosion resistance to NH ₃ and engine oil. The supply pipe 9 is provided with an on-off valve 12 for opening and closing the flow path of NH ₃ .

  FIG. 2 is a perspective view of the reactor 7. FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view of the reactor 7. FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view taken along line IV-IV of FIG. In FIGS. 2 to 4, the reactor 7 has a cylindrical casing 13. An oil introducing pipe 14 (introducing portion) for introducing engine oil into the casing 13 is connected to one end portion of the casing 13 via a tapered wall portion 15. An oil lead-out pipe 16 (lead-out portion) for leading out engine oil from inside the housing 13 is connected to the other end of the housing 13 via a tapered wall portion 17. That is, the engine oil is introduced from one end side of the housing 13 and is derived from the other end side of the housing 13. The housing 13, the oil introduction pipe 14, the oil lead-out pipe 16 and the tapered wall portions 15 and 17 are made of, for example, the same metal material as the supply pipe 9.

  The oil introduction pipe 14 and the oil lead-out pipe 16 constitute a part of the oil circulation pipe 3. The oil introduction pipe 14 connects the oil pump 5 and the reactor 7. The oil lead-out pipe 16 connects the reactor 7 and the engine 2.

  Inside the housing 13, a reaction material filling portion 18 filled with the reaction material 10 is disposed. The supply pipe 9 connects the reactant filling portion 18 and the adsorber 8. The reaction material filling unit 18 includes a reaction material 10 and a case 19 that accommodates the reaction material 10. The case 19 defines an oil flow passage 20 (a flow passage to be heated) through which engine oil flows. The case 19 is made of, for example, the same metal material as the case 13.

  The case 19 is disposed in a spiral shape as viewed from the axial direction of the housing 13. Therefore, the oil flow passage 20 is formed in a spiral shape as viewed from the axial direction of the housing 13. The oil flow passage 20 is formed by a space between each circumference of the reactant filling portion 18 and a space between the reactant filling portion 18 and the housing 13.

  The case 19 has a plurality of projections 21 projecting outward in the radial direction of the housing 13. The protrusion 21 is formed by the case 19 being bent in a convex shape outward in the radial direction of the housing 13. The opposite side (rear surface side) of the protrusion 21 is a recess 22 recessed outward in the radial direction of the housing 13. The reaction material 10 is also accommodated in the recess 22. In addition, the shape of the protrusion 21 is, for example, a hemispherical shape, a conical shape, a cylindrical shape, a polygonal pyramid shape, a polygonal columnar shape, or the like.

  The tip end of the protrusion 21 in the area other than the outermost periphery of the case 19 is in contact with the area adjacent to the radially outer side of the case 13 in the case 19. Thereby, the pitch of the oil flow path 20 along the radial direction of the housing | casing 13 is equal.

Inside the case 19, a plurality of (here, four) NH ₃ passages 23 (reaction medium passages) through which NH ₃ passes are provided. The NH ₃ passage 23 is covered with the reaction material 10. The NH ₃ passage portion 23 is spirally disposed along the case 19 when viewed in the axial direction of the housing 13. The NH ₃ passage portions 23 are arranged at equal intervals in the axial direction of the housing 13. The NH ₃ passage 23 is made of, for example, a porous metal such as stainless steel fiber.

Each NH ₃ passage 23 is connected to the supply pipe 9. The supply pipe 9 is connected to each of the NH ₃ passage portions 23 in a state of penetrating the outermost peripheral region of the tapered wall portion 17 and the case 19 in the axial direction of the housing 13 and extending to the inside of the case 19. At a position corresponding to each NH ₃ passage 23 in the supply pipe 9, an inlet / outlet (not shown) of NH ₃ is provided.

The preparation of the reactive material filling unit 18 is performed as follows. That is, as shown in FIG. 5, a flat case 19 is prepared in which a plurality of protrusions 21 are provided on one main surface side and the protrusions 21 are not provided on the other main surface side. The reaction material 10 and the NH ₃ passage 23 are accommodated inside the space 19. Then, the case 19 in which the reaction material 10 and the NH ₃ passage portion 23 are accommodated is wound in a roll shape so that each protrusion 21 faces the outer peripheral side. Thereby, the reactant filling portion 18 and the oil flow passage 20 can be easily formed.

In the chemical heat storage device 6 as described above, when the on-off valve 12 is opened immediately after the start of the engine 2, the pressure difference between the adsorber 8 and the reactant filling portion 18 of the reactor 7 causes the adsorbent 11 of the adsorber 8 to NH ₃ is desorbed, and the NH ₃ is supplied to the reactant packing portion 18 through the supply pipe 9. Then, NH ₃ flows in the NH ₃ passage 23 toward the radial center of the housing 13. At this time, the reaction material 10 of the reaction material filling unit 18 chemically reacts (chemically adsorbs) with NH ₃ to generate heat. That is, a reaction (exothermic reaction) from the left side to the right side in the following reaction formula (A) occurs.
Reactant + NH ₃ ⇔ Reactant (NH ₃ ) + Heat (A)

  The heat generated from the reaction material 10 is transmitted to the engine oil flowing through the oil flow passage 20. Thereby, the engine oil is heated. Then, the warmed engine oil is sent to the engine 2 through the oil outlet pipe 16.

When the temperature of the engine oil flowing through the oil flow passage 20 rises, the heat of the engine oil is given to the reaction material 10, whereby the NH ₃ is desorbed from the reaction material 10. That is, a reaction (regeneration reaction) from the right side to the left side in the above reaction formula (A) occurs. Then, NH ₃ is returned to the adsorber 8 through the supply pipe 9 by the pressure difference between the reactant packing portion 18 and the adsorber 8, and is adsorbed to the adsorbent 11 of the adsorber 8. Thereby, NH ₃ is recovered by the adsorber 8.

  FIG. 6 (a) is a cross-sectional view showing one of the conventional reactors as a comparative example. In FIG. 6A, the reactor 100 of the comparative example has a structure in which a reaction material filled portion 101 filled with the reaction material 10 and a heat exchange portion 103 composed of metal fins 102 are alternately stacked. . The reactive material filling unit 101 has a case 104 that accommodates the reactive material 10. The heat exchange portion 103 forms an oil flow passage 105 through which engine oil flows. The heat generated from the reaction material 10 is transmitted to the engine oil through the metal fins 102.

  In such a reactor 100, the thermal resistance of the reaction material 10 is R1, the thermal resistance of the interface between the reaction material 10 and the case 104 is R2, the thermal resistance of the metal fin 102 is R3, the interface between the metal fin 102 and the engine oil Assuming that the thermal resistance of the above is R4, the combined thermal resistance R is R1 + R2 + R3 + R4, as shown in FIG. 6 (b).

  On the other hand, in the present embodiment, as shown in FIG. 7A, the case 19 for accommodating the reaction material 10 is disposed in a spiral shape, and the case 19 is provided with a plurality of protrusions 21. ing. In such a structure, assuming that the thermal resistance of the reaction material 10 is R1, the thermal resistance of the interface between the reaction material 10 and the case 19 is R2, and the thermal resistance of the interface between the case 19 and the engine oil is R4, FIG. As shown in), the synthetic thermal resistance R is R1 + R2 + R4, which is lower than that of the comparative example by the thermal resistance R3 of the metal fin 102.

  As described above, according to the present embodiment, the case 19 accommodating the reaction material 10 and defining the oil flow passage 20 is disposed in a spiral shape inside the housing 13 and the diameter of the housing 13 It has a plurality of projections 21 projecting in the direction. Therefore, the thermal resistance between the reaction material 10 and the engine oil is reduced by the amount of the metal fins 102 as compared to the structure in which the case 104 for containing the reaction material 10 and the heat exchange portion 103 composed of the metal fins 102 are stacked. As a result, the heat transfer efficiency from the reaction material 10 to the engine oil is increased. Thereby, the heat exchange efficiency between the reaction material 10 and the engine oil is improved.

  Further, since the case 19 is provided with a plurality of protrusions 21, when the engine oil flows through the oil flow passage 20, the engine oil is scattered by the protrusions 21. Therefore, the flow rate of the engine oil in the oil flow passage 20 is equalized. This further improves the heat exchange efficiency between the reaction material 10 and the engine oil.

  Furthermore, since the case 19 is arranged in a spiral, for example, when the specification of the reactor 7 is changed, the amount of heat generated from the reaction material 10 is adjusted by changing the number of turns of the case 19 Is possible. Therefore, the number of steps for redesigning the reactor 7 can be reduced.

Further, in the present embodiment, since the NH ₃ passage 23 is formed of a metal porous body, NH ₃ can be spread over the entire reaction material 10 while the NH ₃ passage 23 is easily formed.

Further, in the present embodiment, the supply pipe 9 is connected to the NH ₃ passage 23 in a state of penetrating the outermost peripheral region of the case 19 and extending to the inside of the case 19. Therefore, the supply pipe 9 is disposed at a position distant from the oil introduction pipe 14 for introducing the engine oil and the oil extraction pipe 16 for extracting the engine oil, so that the supply pipe 9 can be easily attached to the reactor 7.

  Further, in the present embodiment, since the protrusion 21 protrudes outward in the radial direction of the housing 13, oil flow can be obtained as compared with the case where the protrusion 21 protrudes in the radial direction outside and in the radial direction of the housing 13. The road 20 is fully secured. Further, when arranging the case 19 in a spiral shape inside the case 13, the case 19 can be easily wound.

The present invention is not limited to the above embodiment. For example, in the above embodiment, the NH ₃ passage portion 23 is composed of a porous metal body, not particularly limited in form, NH ₃ passage portion 23 may be a space.

Further, in the above embodiment, the supply pipe 9 is connected to the NH ₃ passage 23 in a state of penetrating the outermost peripheral region of the case 19 and extending to the inside of the case 19, but I can not. For example, the supply pipe 9 may be connected to the NH ₃ passage 23 in a state where the supply pipe 9 penetrates the innermost circumferential region of the case 19 and extends to the inside of the case 19. In addition, the supply pipe 9 may be connected to the NH ₃ passage 23 in a state where the supply pipe 9 penetrates the outermost peripheral region and the innermost peripheral region of the case 19 and extends to the inside of the case 19.

  Further, in the above embodiment, the protrusion 21 of the case 19 protrudes outward in the radial direction of the housing 13, but the present invention is not particularly limited to that form, and the protrusion 21 protrudes inward in the radial direction of the housing 13 It is also good.

In the above embodiment, the reaction medium NH ₃ and the reaction material 10 represented by the composition formula MaXz are chemically reacted to generate heat, but the reaction medium is not particularly limited to NH _3. , CO ₂ or H ₂ O, etc. may be used. When CO ₂ is used as a reaction medium, MgO, CaO, BaO, Ca (OH) ₂ , Mg (OH) ₂ , Fe (OH) ₂ , Fe (OH) ₂ can be used as the reaction material 10 to be chemically reacted with CO _{2 3} FeO, Fe ₂ O ₃ or Fe ₃ O ₄ or the like is used. When H ₂ O is used as the reaction medium, CaO, MnO, CuO, Al ₂ O ₃ or the like is used as the reaction material 10 to be chemically reacted with H ₂ O.

  In the above embodiment, the engine oil is heated, but the object to be heated is not particularly limited to the engine oil, for example, ATF (automatic transmission fluid), differential oil, cooling water, exhaust gas, etc. It is also good.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 6 ... Chemical thermal storage apparatus, 7 ... Reactor, 8 ... Adsorber (storage), 9 ... Supply pipe, 10 ... Reaction material, 13 ... Housing | casing 19 ... Case, 20 ... Oil flow passage (heating object flow passage) , 21: projection, 23: NH ₃ passage (reaction medium passage).

Claims (4)

In a chemical thermal storage device that heats a heating target,
A reactor including a reaction material which generates heat by a chemical reaction with a reaction medium and desorbs the reaction medium by the heat to be heated;
A reservoir storing the reaction medium;
Connecting the reactor and the reservoir and providing a feed pipe through which the reaction medium flows;
The reactor has a cylindrical casing into which the heating target is introduced from one end side and the heating target is drawn from the other end, and the reaction material is disposed in a spiral shape inside the housing. And a case defining a heating target flow passage through which the heating target flows while being accommodated.
The case has a plurality of protrusions protruding in the radial direction of the housing,
Inside the case, there is provided a reaction medium passage through which the reaction medium passes;
The chemical heat storage device characterized in that the reaction medium passage portion is connected to the supply pipe and disposed in a spiral along the case.   The chemical heat storage device according to claim 1, wherein the reaction medium passage portion is formed of a metal porous body.   The chemical heat storage device according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the supply pipe is connected to the reaction medium passage portion in a state where the supply pipe penetrates the outermost peripheral region of the case and extends to the inside of the case. .   The chemical heat storage device according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the protrusion protrudes outward in the radial direction of the housing.

Images