JP2018179181A - Oneway clutch device - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To obtain a structure which can prevent that the rotation of an output-side member is transmitted to an input-side member irrespective of a rotation direction of the output-side member.SOLUTION: A oneway clutch device comprises: a first outer member 10; a first inner member 11; a first clutch 8 having a first lock member 12 arranged between the first outer member and the first inner member; a second outer member 30; a second inner member 31; and a second clutch 9 having a second lock member 32 arranged between the second outer member and the second inner member. Only when the first outer member 10 rotates to a forward direction, the first lock member is engaged with the first outer member 10 and the first inner member, thereby torque becomes transmittable between the first outer member and the first inner member, the first inner member 11 rotates in a reverse direction, the second inner member 31 rotates in a reverse direction even if the first outer member 10 and the first lock member 12 try to rotate to reverse directions, the second clutch 9 is brought into a lock state, and as a result of the application of a reaction force in a forward direction to the second inner member 31, a moment force for oscillating the first lock member 12 to a direction in which the first clutch 8 is brought into an overrun state is applied to the first lock member 12.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 1

Description

  BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a one-way clutch device incorporated in a drive device of a bicycle or a power transmission device of various machines.

  In the bicycle drive system, when the crank is rotated by the foot or arm of the driver, the rotation of the crank is transmitted to the drive wheel through the roller chain and the sprocket. Except for competitions, etc., a typical bicycle drive incorporates a one-way clutch to prevent the rotation of the drive wheel from being transmitted to the crank during freewheeling and the crank to rotate. .

  FIG. 12 shows an example of the one-way clutch described in JP-A-2015-158250. The one-way clutch 1 is a sprag type one-way clutch, and includes an outer member 2 as an output side member, an inner member 3 as an input side member, and a plurality of sprags 4 each as a lock member. A retainer 5 and a biasing spring 6 are provided. The inward member 3 is disposed coaxially with the outer member 2 on the inner diameter side of the outer member 2. The sprags 4 are disposed at a plurality of positions in the circumferential direction of the cylindrical space between the inner peripheral surface of the outer member 2 and the outer peripheral surface of the inner member 3 while being held by the cage 5. The biasing spring 6 biases the sprag 4 in a direction in which the sprag 4 engages with the inner peripheral surface of the outer member 2 and the outer peripheral surface of the inner member 3.

Sprag In one-way clutch 1 in formula, the inner member 3 has been rotated in the forward direction indicated by the arrow X ₁ in FIG. 12, sprag 4 swings in the direction indicated by the arrow alpha ₁ in FIG. 12, the sprag 4 A locked state in which the inner peripheral surface of the outer member 2 and the outer peripheral surface of the inner member 3 are engaged is achieved. As a result, transmission of torque from the inner member 3 to the outer member 2 becomes possible. That is, the outer member 2 is rotated in synchronization with the inner member 3 in the forward direction X _1.

On the other hand, the inner member 3, a direction opposite to the forward direction X _1, is rotated in the reverse direction indicated by the arrow X ₂ in FIG. 12, sprag 4 swings in the direction indicated by the arrow alpha ₂ in Fig. 12 In the overrun state, the engagement of the sprags 4 with the inner peripheral surface of the outer member 2 and the outer peripheral surface of the inner member 3 is released. As a result, transmission of torque from the inward member 3 to the outward member 2 becomes impossible. That is, the inward member 3 idles with respect to the outward member 2.

Further, the outer member 2 has been rotated in the forward direction X _1, sprag 4, swings in the direction of arrow alpha _2, the sprag with respect to the outer peripheral surface of the outer inner peripheral surface and the inner member of the member 2 3 4 It becomes an overrun state in which the meshing of the gear is broken. As a result, transmission of torque from the outer member 2 to the inner member 3 becomes impossible. That is, the outer member 2 idles with respect to the inner member 3.

  When such a one-way clutch 1 is incorporated into a bicycle drive, the crank is connected to the inward member 3 to enable torque transmission, and the drive wheel is connected to the outward member 2 to enable torque transmission. As a result, only rotation in the direction to move the bicycle forward is transmitted from the crank to the drive wheels, and when the crank rotates during coasting forward to forward, or when the crank rotates in the opposite direction to that during forward movement Can be prevented from being transmitted to the drive wheels.

JP, 2015-158250, A JP, 2014-20439, A

However, in the one-way clutch 1 as described above, when the outer member 2 rotates in the reverse rotation direction X ₂ , the sprag 4 is swung in the direction of the arrow α ₁ , and the sprag 4 is the inner circumferential surface of the outer member 2 And it will be in the locked state meshed with respect to the outer peripheral surface of the inward member 3. FIG. As a result, transmission of torque from the outer member 2 to the inner member 3 is possible. In other words, the inner member 3 is rotated in synchronization with the reverse direction X ₂ and the outer member 2. Therefore, when the bicycle is pushed backward to move backward, rotation is transmitted from the drive wheel to the crank. If the crank rotates while the bicycle is moving backward, it may interfere with parking work or the pedal supported by the crank may hit the driver's foot.

  If, for example, an electromagnetic two-way clutch described in Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2014-20439 is used, the rotation of the output side member is transmitted to the input side member regardless of the rotation direction of the output side member. Can be prevented. However, the two-way clutch described in JP-A-2014-20439 requires an external power supply in order to switch the engagement state of the sprags.

  In view of the above-described circumstances, the present invention provides a one-way clutch device capable of preventing the rotation of the output member from being transmitted to the input member regardless of the rotation direction of the output member, an external power supply The goal is to achieve without using.

The one-way clutch device of the present invention includes a first clutch and a second clutch coaxially arranged with the first clutch.
The first clutch includes a first outer member, a first inner member coaxial with the first outer member on the inner diameter side of the first outer member, a first outer member, and a first inner member. And a plurality of first locking members disposed therebetween.
One of the first outer member and the first inner member is an input side member to which a torque is input from the drive source, and the other of the first outer member and the first inner member is, It is an output side member connected to a driven part so that torque transmission is possible.
The first lock member engages with the input side member and the output side member only when the input side member tries to rotate in the normal direction, and the torque from the input side member to the output side member Transmission becomes possible.
The second clutch includes a second outer member, a second inner member coaxially arranged with the second outer member on the inner diameter side of the second outer member, a second outer member, and a second inner member. And a plurality of second locking members disposed therebetween.
One of the second outer member and the second inner member is a stationary side member which does not rotate even in use, and the other of the second outer member and the second inner member is a first lock It is a rotation side member engaged in a state capable of rotation synchronized with the first lock member with respect to the member.
When the rotating side member is going to rotate in the reverse direction which is the direction opposite to the normal rotating direction, the second lock member is engaged with the stationary side member and the rotating side member, and the rotating side member And rotation of the first locking member is blocked.

  In the case of practicing the present invention, the first lock member can be constituted by a sprag having a non-circular shape when viewed in the axial direction. The sprag has an input-side cam surface that engages with the input-side member and an output-side cam surface that engages with the output-side member when the input-side member tries to rotate in the normal direction. ing.

  When the first lock member is formed of sprags, the first lock member is provided with the first engagement portion, and the rotation side member is provided with the second engagement portion, and the first engagement portion and the second engagement are provided. The portion can be engaged in a concavo-convex engagement. Alternatively, the rotation side member may be provided with a rotation side circumferential surface that engages with the output side cam surface when the rotation side member is to rotate in the reverse rotation direction.

  Or when implementing this invention, the said rotation side member can be comprised by the holder which hold | maintains a 1st lock member.

  According to the one-way clutch device of the present invention, regardless of the rotation direction of the output side member, a structure capable of preventing the rotation of the output side member from being transmitted to the input side member is used without using an external power supply. realizable.

FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view showing a one-way clutch device of a first example of the embodiment. FIG. 2 is a main part cross-sectional perspective view showing the one-way clutch device of the first example of the embodiment. FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional perspective view shown by omitting the first lock member from FIG. FIG. 4 is a perspective view of the first lock member in the first example of the embodiment. FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view taken along line A-A of FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional view taken along line B-B of FIG. FIG. 7 is a cross-sectional view showing a one-way clutch device of a second example of the embodiment. FIG. 8 is a cross-sectional view showing a third example of the embodiment. FIG. 9A is a cross-sectional view showing the first clutch in a locked state, and FIG. 9B is a cross-sectional view showing the first clutch in an overrun state. FIG. 10A is a cross-sectional view showing the second clutch in a locked state, and FIG. 10B is a cross-sectional view showing the second clutch in an overrun state. FIG. 11 (A) is a cross-sectional view showing the second clutch of another example in a locked state, and FIG. 11 (B) is a cross-sectional view showing the second clutch of another example in an overrun state. FIG. 12 is a cross-sectional view showing an example of the one-way clutch of the conventional structure.

First Example of Embodiment
1 to 6 show a first example of the embodiment of the present invention. The one-way clutch device 7 of this example includes a first clutch 8 and a second clutch 9 coaxially arranged with the first clutch 8.

  In this example, the first clutch 8 is a so-called sprag type, and includes a first outer member 10, a first inner member 11, and a plurality of first lock members 12.

  The first outer member 10 is an input side member having a substantially cylindrical shape and to which torque from a drive source such as a person, an engine, or a motor is input. The first outward member 10 has a first inward flange portion 13 projecting radially inward at one axial end (left end in FIG. 1). The first outer member 10 has an axially intermediate portion inner circumferential surface as a cylindrical first outer diameter side fitting surface portion 14 and an axially other side portion (right side portion in FIG. 1) inner circumferential surface The first outer diameter side cylindrical surface portion 15 is coaxial with the first outer diameter side fitting surface portion 14 and has the same diameter as the first outer diameter side fitting surface portion 14. A locking groove 16 a is provided between the first outer diameter side fitting surface portion 14 and the first outer diameter side cylindrical surface portion 15 in the inner peripheral surface of the first outer member 10. On the other hand, the outer peripheral surface of the first outer member 10 is a single cylindrical surface whose outer diameter does not change in the axial direction.

  The first outward member 10 rotates relative to the housing 18, which is a portion that does not rotate even when the one-way clutch device 7 is used, through the support bearing 17 and the second outward member 30 constituting the second clutch 9. It is supported possible. In this example, radial needle bearings are used as the support bearings 17. However, various rolling bearings such as ball bearings, cylindrical roller bearings, and tapered roller bearings, or slide bearings can also be used.

  The first inward member 11 is a substantially cylindrical shape and is an output side member connected to a driven part such as a wheel so as to be capable of transmitting torque, and on the inner diameter side of the first outward member 10, the first outward member 10 is And coaxially arranged. The first inner member 11 has a first outward flange portion 19 projecting radially outward at one axial end. The first inward member 11 has an axially intermediate portion outer peripheral surface as a cylindrical first inner diameter side fitting surface portion 20, and an axially outer side outer peripheral surface coaxial with the first inner diameter side fitting surface portion 20 The first inner diameter side cylindrical surface portion 21 has the same diameter as the first inner diameter side fitting surface portion 20. A locking groove 16 b is provided between the first inner diameter side fitting surface portion 20 and the first inner diameter side cylindrical surface portion 21 in the inner peripheral surface of the first inner member 11. On the other hand, the inner peripheral surface of the first inner member 11 is a single cylindrical surface whose inner diameter does not change in the axial direction.

  The first inner member 11 is rotatably supported on the inner diameter side of the first outer member 10 by a first bearing 22 which is a ball bearing. That is, the outer ring 23 of the first bearing 22 is internally fitted on the first outer diameter side fitting surface portion 14 with tight fit in a state where one axial end face abuts against the other axial side surface of the first inward flange portion 13 ing. Furthermore, the axial direction other end surface of the outer ring 23 is held down by the locking ring 24a locked to the locking groove 16a. On the other hand, the inner ring 25 of the first bearing 22 is externally fitted on the first inner diameter side fitting surface portion 20 by close fitting in a state where one end surface in the axial direction abuts on the other side surface in the axial direction of the first outward flange portion 19 There is. Furthermore, the axial direction other end surface of the inner ring 25 is held down by the locking ring 24b locked to the locking groove 16b.

  The first bearing 22 is not limited to a ball bearing as illustrated, but various rolling bearings such as cylindrical roller bearings, tapered roller bearings, radial needle bearings, and the like, or slide bearings can also be used.

  The axial dimension of the first inner member 11 is shorter than the axial dimension of the first outer member 10. That is, in a state where the first inward member 11 is rotatably supported on the inner diameter side of the first outward member 10 via the first bearing 22, the other axial end of the first outward member 10 is It projects to the other axial direction than the other axial end surface of the first inward member 11.

  The first lock member 12 is formed of a sprag having a wedge-like shape as viewed in the axial direction. The first lock member 12 has an input cam surface 26 and an output cam surface 27 at two positions opposite to each other in the radial direction. The radius of curvature of the input side cam surface 26 and the output side cam surface 27 is smaller than the radius of the circumscribed circle of the outer peripheral surface of the first lock member 12. A portion of the first lock member 12 adjacent to the other axial side of the output cam surface 27 protrudes inward with respect to the output cam surface 27 in the radial direction of the first inward member 11, The convex part 28 which is 1 engaging part is provided. In the present example, the tip end surface of the convex portion 28 is a partially cylindrical convex curved surface.

  The first lock member 12 can be rocked by the first cage 29 at a plurality of circumferential positions of the cylindrical space existing between the first outer diameter side cylindrical surface portion 15 and the first inner diameter side cylindrical surface portion 21. It is arranged in the held state. In this state, the first lock member 12 causes the input cam surface 26 to face the first outer diameter cylindrical surface portion 15 and causes the output cam surface 27 to face the first inner diameter cylindrical surface portion 21. Further, a biasing spring (not shown) is provided between the first lock member 12 and the first holder 29. The biasing spring includes the first lock member 12 and the first lock member 12 against the first outer diameter side cylindrical surface portion 15 of the first outer member 10 and the first inner diameter side cylindrical surface portion 21 of the first inner member 11. It is biased in the direction to engage.

  The second clutch 9 is a so-called sprag type, and includes a second outer member 30, a second inner member 31, and a plurality of second lock members 32.

  The second outer member 30 is a fixed side member which is substantially cylindrical and does not rotate even in use. The second outer member 30 has a second inward flange portion 33 projecting radially inward at the other axial end, and a large diameter having an inner diameter larger than the axial middle portion at one axial side. It has a step 34. Further, the second outer member 30 has the inner peripheral surface on the other side in the axial direction as the cylindrical second outer diameter side fitting surface portion 35, and the inner peripheral surface in the axial direction on the second outer diameter side The second outer diameter side cylindrical surface portion 36 is coaxial with the surface portion 35 and has the same diameter as the second outer diameter side fitting surface portion 35. A locking groove 16 c is provided between the second outer diameter side fitting surface portion 35 and the second outer diameter side cylindrical surface portion 36 in the inner peripheral surface of the second outer member 30. On the other hand, the outer peripheral surface of the second outer member 30 is a single cylindrical surface whose outer diameter does not change in the axial direction.

  The second outer member 30 is fixedly fitted in an interference fit with the housing 18 to prevent rotation. Further, the outer ring 37 of the support bearing 17 is internally fitted in the large diameter step portion 34 of the second outer member 30 by tight fitting.

  The second inward member 31 has a substantially cylindrical shape, and is a rotation side member engaged rotatably with the first lock member 12 with the first lock member 12. It is disposed coaxially with the second outer member 30 on the inner diameter side. The second inward member 31 has a second outward flange portion 38 projecting radially outward at the other axial end. Further, the second inward member 31 has an axially intermediate portion outer peripheral surface as a cylindrical second inner diameter side fitting surface portion 39, and an axially outer side outer surface is formed with a second inner diameter side fitting surface portion 39. The second inner diameter side cylindrical surface portion 40 is coaxial and has the same diameter as the second inner diameter side fitting surface portion 39. A locking groove 16 d is provided between the second inner diameter side fitting surface portion 39 and the second inner diameter side cylindrical surface portion 40 in the outer peripheral surface of the second inner member 31. Further, a plurality of circumferentially equidistant locations on one end of the second inner diameter side cylindrical surface portion 40 in the circumferential direction are recessed radially inward and opened at one end surface of the second inward member 31 in the axial direction, A recess 41 which is an engaging portion is provided. In the present example, the bottom surface of the recess 41 is a partially cylindrical concave surface. On the other hand, the inner peripheral surface of the second inner member 31 is a single cylindrical surface whose inner diameter does not change in the axial direction.

  The second inner member 31 is rotatably supported on the inner diameter side of the second outer member 30 by a second bearing 42 which is a ball bearing. That is, the outer ring 43 of the second bearing 42 is internally fitted in the second outer diameter side fitting surface portion 35 in a tight fit with the other axial end face abutting against the axial one side of the second inward flange portion 33. ing. Furthermore, the axial direction one end surface of the outer ring 43 is held down by the locking ring 24 c locked in the locking groove 16 c. On the other hand, the inner ring 44 of the second bearing 42 is internally fitted in the second inner diameter side fitting surface portion 39 by close fitting with the other end surface in the axial direction abutted against one axial side surface of the second outward flange portion 38 There is. Furthermore, the axial direction one end surface of the inner ring 44 is held down by the locking ring 24d locked to the locking groove 16d.

  The second bearing 42 is not limited to a ball bearing as illustrated, but various rolling bearings such as cylindrical roller bearings, tapered roller bearings, radial needle bearings, or slide bearings can also be used.

  In the present example, the concave portion 41 of the second inward member 31 is engaged with the convex portion 28 of the first lock member 12 in a concavo-convex manner. Thereby, the second inward member 31 is rotatable in synchronization with the first lock member 12. In this example, since the tip end surface of the convex portion 28 is a partial cylindrical convex surface and the bottom surface of the concave portion 41 is a partial cylindrical concave surface, the swing of the first lock member 12 is not prevented. .

  The second lock member 32 is formed of a sprag having a wedge shape as viewed in the axial direction. The second lock member 32 has a fixed cam surface 45 and a rotary cam surface 46 at two positions opposite to each other in the radial direction. The radius of curvature of the fixed side cam surface 45 and the rotating side cam surface 46 is smaller than the radius of the circumscribed circle of the outer peripheral surface of the second lock member 32.

  The second lock member 32 can be rocked by the second retainer 47 at a plurality of circumferential positions of the cylindrical space existing between the second outer diameter side cylindrical surface portion 36 and the second inner diameter side cylindrical surface portion 40. It is arranged in the held state. In this state, the second lock member 32 causes the fixed cam surface 45 to face the second outer diameter cylindrical surface portion 36 and causes the rotary cam surface 46 to face the second inner diameter cylindrical surface portion 40.

In one-way clutch device 7 of this embodiment, only the torque in the forward direction Y ₁ which is input to the first outer member 10 is transmitted from the first outer member 10 to the first inner member 11. That is, the first outer member 10, as the torque in the reverse direction Y ₂ is a direction opposite to the forward direction Y ₁ is input, the first outer member 10 idles with respect to the first inner member 11 Do. Further, even if torque is input to the first inward member 11, the first inward member 11 idles relative to the first outward member 10 regardless of the direction of the torque. The operation of the one-way clutch device 7 in each case will be described below.

[When torque in the normal rotation direction Y ₁ is input to the first outward member 10]
First outer member 10, is input torque in the forward rotational direction indicated by the arrow Y ₁ in FIG. 5 and FIG. 6, the first outer member 10 is rotated in the forward direction Y _1, the first locking member 12 , Swing in the direction indicated by the arrow β ₁ in FIG. As a result, in the first clutch 8, the first lock member 12 is engaged with the first outer cylindrical surface portion 15 of the first outer member 10 and the first inner cylindrical surface portion 21 of the first inner member 11. It becomes locked. That is, while the input side cam surface 26 of the first lock member 12 is strongly pressed against the first outer diameter side cylindrical surface portion 15, the output side cam surface 27 of the first lock member 12 is the first inner diameter side cylindrical surface portion 21 is strongly pressed against. As a result, transmission of torque from the first outer member 10 to the first inner member 11 is possible. That is, the first outer member 10 constituting the first clutch 8 and the first inner member 11 and the first locking member 12 is integrally rotated in the forward direction Y _1.

Incidentally, when the first locking member 12 is rotated in the forward direction Y _1, based on the engagement between the convex portion 28 and the recess 41, rotating the second inner member 31 of the second clutch 9 is in the forward direction Y ₁ Do. When the second inner member 31 is rotated in the forward direction Y _1, the second locking member 32 swings in the direction indicated by arrow gamma ₁ in FIG. As a result, in the second clutch 9, the engagement of the second lock member 32 with the second outer cylindrical surface portion 36 of the second outer member 30 and the second inner cylindrical surface portion 40 of the second inner member 31 is released. It becomes an overrun state. That is, the contact pressure between the fixed cam surface 45 of the second lock member 32 and the second outer diameter cylindrical surface portion 36 is reduced or lost, and the rotary cam surface 46 of the second lock member 32 and the second cam member The contact pressure with the inner cylindrical surface portion 40 is reduced or lost. As a result, the second inward member 31 idles relative to the second outward member 30. Therefore, the rotation of the first clutch 8 is not impeded.

[When torque in the reverse rotation direction Y ₂ is input to the first outer member 10]
First outer member 10, a direction opposite to the forward direction Y _1, 5 and the torque in the reverse direction indicated by the arrow Y ₂ are inputted in Figure 6, the first outer member 10 is reversed direction Y ₂ , The first lock member 12 swings in the direction indicated by the arrow β ₂ in FIG. As a result, the engagement of the first lock member 12 with respect to the first outer diameter side cylindrical surface portion 15 of the first outward member 10 and the first inner diameter side cylindrical surface portion 21 of the first inward member 11 is released. It becomes an overrun state. That is, the contact pressure between the input-side cam surface 26 of the first lock member 12 and the first outer diameter side cylindrical surface portion 15 is reduced or lost, and the output-side cam surface 27 of the first lock member 12 and the first The contact pressure with the inner side cylindrical surface portion 21 is reduced or lost. As a result, transmission of torque from the first outward member 10 to the first inward member 11 becomes impossible. That is, the first outward member 10 idles relative to the first inward member 11.

[When torque in the normal rotation direction Y ₁ is input to the first inward member 11]
The first inner member 11, the torque in the forward direction Y ₁ is input, the first inner member 11 is rotated in the forward direction Y _1, the first locking member 12 is swung in the arrow beta ₂ directions. As a result, the engagement of the first lock member 12 with respect to the first outer diameter side cylindrical surface portion 15 of the first outward member 10 and the first inner diameter side cylindrical surface portion 21 of the first inward member 11 is released. It becomes an overrun state. For this reason, transmission of the torque from the 1st inward member 11 to the 1st outward member 10 becomes impossible.

[When torque in the reverse rotation direction Y ₂ is input to the first inward member 11]
The first inner member 11, torque in the reverse direction Y ₂ is input, the first inner member 11 is rotated in the reverse direction Y _2, first locking member 12 is swung in the arrow beta ₁ direction. As a result, the lock in which the first clutch 8 is engaged with the first outer cylindrical surface portion 15 of the first outer member 10 and the first inner cylindrical surface portion 21 of the first inner member 11 of the first lock member 12 is locked. state, and the first outer member 10 and the first locking member 12, together with the first inner member 11, to rotate in the reverse direction Y _2.

When the first locking member 12 is rotated in the reverse direction Y _2, based on the engagement between the convex portion 28 and concave portion 41, the second inner member 31 is rotated in the reverse direction Y _2. As a result, the second locking member 32 swings in the direction indicated by an arrow gamma ₂ in FIG. Therefore, in the second clutch 9, the second lock member 32 is engaged with the second outer cylindrical surface portion 36 of the second outer member 30 and the second inner cylindrical surface portion 40 of the second inner member 31. It becomes locked. That is, while the fixed cam surface 45 of the second lock member 32 is strongly pressed against the second outer diameter cylindrical surface portion 36, the rotary cam surface 46 of the second lock member 32 is the second inner diameter cylindrical surface portion It is pressed hard against 40. As a result, it is prevented that the second inner member 31 is rotated further in the reverse direction Y _2, the reaction force in the forward direction Y ₁ is applied to the second inner member 31.

The positive reaction force of the rolling direction Y ₁ applied to the second inner member 31, the convex portion 28 of the first locking member 12 is pushed in the forward direction Y _1, the first locking member 12, the first locking member A moment force is applied to rock 12 in the direction of arrow β ₂ . As a result, the contact pressure between the input-side cam surface 26 of the first lock member 12 and the first outer diameter side cylindrical surface portion 15 is reduced or lost, and the output-side cam surface 27 of the first lock member 12 The contact pressure with the inner diameter side cylindrical surface portion 21 is reduced or lost. Thereby, the lock state of the first clutch 8 is released. As a result, the first inward member 11 slips relative to the first outward member 10.

  As described above, according to the one-way clutch device 7 of this example, the torque input to the first inward member 11 which is the output side member is the first outward which is the input side member regardless of the direction thereof. A structure that can be prevented from being transmitted to the member 10 can be realized without using an external power supply. Therefore, for example, it is possible to prevent the crank from rotating when the bicycle incorporating the one-way clutch device 7 of this example is incorporated into the drive device, which may interfere with parking work, or the pedals supported by the crank driver. Can prevent you from hitting your feet.

  In this example, the first outward member 10 is an input side member, and the first inward member 11 is an output side member. However, the first outward member 10 is an output side member and the first inward member 11 is input. It can also be a side member. Moreover, in this example, although the 2nd outward member 30 was made into the stationary side member, and the 2nd inward member 31 was made into the rotation side member, the 2nd outward member 30 is made into the rotation side member, and the 2nd inward member 31 is made. Can be used as the fixed side member.

  Further, in this example, the second inward direction is achieved by engaging the concave portion 41 provided in the second inward member 31 as the rotation side member with the convex portion 28 provided in the first lock member 12. The member 31 is rotatable with the first lock member 12. However, the convex portion provided on the rotation side member and the concave portion provided on the first lock member 12 can also be engaged in a concavo-convex engagement. Also in this case, the tip end surface of the convex portion is made a partial cylindrical convex surface, and the bottom of the concave portion is a partial cylindrical concave surface.

Second Example of Embodiment
FIG. 7 shows a second example of the first embodiment of the present invention. In the one-way clutch device 7a of this example, the output side cam surface 27a is provided in the axial direction on the inner surface in the radial direction of the first inward member 11a of the first lock member 12a constituting the first clutch 8a. ing. That is, the first lock member 12 a does not have the convex portion 28 as the first lock member 12 according to the first example of the embodiment.

  A small diameter cylindrical surface 48 having the same diameter as the first inner diameter cylindrical surface 21 of the first inward member 11a is provided on the outer peripheral surface of one axial end of the second inward member 31a constituting the second clutch 9a. ing. The other axial end portion of the output side cam surface 27 a of the first lock member 12 a is opposed to the small diameter cylindrical surface portion 48. That is, in this example, the small diameter cylindrical surface portion 48 is used as the rotation side peripheral surface.

  Also in the one-way clutch device 7a of this example, only the torque in the normal rotation direction input to the first outward member 10 is transmitted from the first outward member 10 to the first inward member 11a.

[When torque in the forward rotation direction is input to the first outward member 10]
When a torque in the forward rotation direction is input to the first outward member 10 and the first outward member 10 rotates in the forward rotation direction, the first lock member 12 a pivots in the direction to lock the first clutch 8 a. Do. When the first clutch 8a is in the locked state, the first outward member 10, the first inward member 11a, and the first lock member 12a constituting the first clutch 8a integrally rotate in the forward rotation direction.

  When the first lock member 12a swings in the direction to lock the first clutch 8a, the other axial end of the output cam surface 27a of the first lock member 12a is the second inward member 31a. The small diameter cylindrical surface portion 48 is strongly pressed. Then, the second inward member 31a rotates in the forward rotation direction together with the first lock member 12a. When the second inward member 31a rotates in the normal direction, the second lock member 32 swings in the direction to make the second clutch 9a into the overrun state. As a result, since the second inward member 31a idles with respect to the second outward member 30, the rotation of the first clutch 8a is not impeded.

[When torque in the reverse direction is input to the first outer member 10]
When torque in the reverse rotation direction is input to the first outward member 10 and the first outward member 10 rotates in the reverse rotation direction, the first lock member 12 a swings in a direction to bring the first clutch 8 a into the overrun state. When the first clutch 8a is in the overrun state, the first outer member 10 idles with respect to the first inner member 11a.

[When torque in the forward rotation direction is input to the first inward member 11a]
When torque in the normal rotation direction is input to the first inward member 11a and the first inward member 11a rotates in the normal direction, the first lock member 12a swings in the direction to make the first clutch 8a in the overrun state. Do. When the first clutch 8 a is in the overrun state, the first inner member 11 a idles with respect to the first outer member 10.

[When torque in the reverse direction is input to the first inward member 11a]
When a torque in the reverse rotation direction is input to the first inward member 11a and the first inward member 11a rotates in the reverse direction, the first lock member 12a swings in the direction to lock the first clutch 8a. As a result, the other axial end portion of the output side cam surface 27a of the first lock member 12a is strongly pressed against the small diameter cylindrical surface portion 48 of the second inward member 31a. In addition, when the first clutch 8a is in the locked state, the first outer member 10 and the first lock member 12a tend to rotate in the reverse direction together with the first inner member 11a.

  With the other axial end of the output side cam surface 27a of the first lock member 12a strongly pressed against the small diameter cylindrical surface portion 48 of the second inward member 31a, the first lock member 12a rotates in the reverse direction. Then, the second inner member 31a rotates in the reverse direction. As a result, the second lock member 32 swings in the direction to bring the second clutch 9a into the locked state. For this reason, the second inward member 31a is prevented from further rotating in the reverse rotation direction, and a reaction force in the forward rotation direction is applied to the second inward member 31a.

  The reaction force in the normal rotation direction applied to the second inward member 31a applies a moment force to the first lock member 12a to swing the first lock member 12a in the direction of making the first clutch 8a into the overrun state. As a result, the contact pressure between the input-side cam surface 26 of the first lock member 12a and the first outer diameter side cylindrical surface portion 15 is reduced or lost, and the output-side cam surface 27a of the first lock member 12a The contact pressure with the inner diameter side cylindrical surface portion 21 is reduced or lost. As a result, the first inward member 11 a idles with respect to the first outward member 10. The configuration and operation of the other parts are the same as in the first example of the embodiment.

Third Example of Embodiment
8 to 10 show a third example of the embodiment of the present invention. In the one-way clutch device 7b of this embodiment, the second lock member is provided on the outer peripheral surface of the other half portion of the first retainer 29a for holding the first lock member 12b constituting the first clutch 8b in a pivotable manner. A second inner diameter side cylindrical surface portion 40 is provided opposite to the rotation side cam surface 46 of 32a. In short, the other half in the axial direction of the first retainer 29a is used as the second inward member 31b constituting the second clutch 9b.

  In this example, the radial position of the first cage 29a is located radially inward of the radial center position of the inner peripheral surface of the first outer member 10a and the outer peripheral surface of the first inner member 11b.

  An outer raceway 52 is directly provided on the inner peripheral surface of the first half member 10 a in the axial direction. In addition, an inner ring raceway 53 is directly provided on the outer peripheral surface of the first inward member 11b in the axial direction. The first bearing 22 a is configured by disposing rolling elements 54 in a plurality of positions in the circumferential direction between the outer ring raceway 52 and the inner ring raceway 53 so as to be rollable. The first inner member 11b is rotatably supported on the inner diameter side of the first outer member 10a by the first bearing 22a. However, as in the first and second examples of the embodiment, a rolling bearing including an outer ring and an inner ring between the inner peripheral surface of the first outer member 10a and the outer peripheral surface of the first inner member 11b. Can also be provided.

  Further, in the one-way clutch device 7b of this example, the second inward member 31b is rotatably supported by the second outward member 30b between the second outward member 30b and the second inward member 31b. No bearing is provided to However, as necessary, as in the first and second examples of the embodiment, a second bearing such as a rolling bearing or a sliding bearing is provided between the second outer member 30b and the second inner member 31b. Can also be provided.

  Also in the one-way clutch device 7b of this example, only the torque in the normal rotation direction input to the first outward member 10a is transmitted from the first outward member 10a to the first inward member 11b.

[When torque in the normal rotation direction Y ₁ is input to the first outward member 10a]
The torque in the forward direction _{Y 1} is input to the first outer member 10a, the first outer member 10a is rotated in the forward direction _{Y 1,} the first locking member 12b, from the state shown in FIG. 9 (B) The first clutch 8b is in a locked state by swinging to the state shown in FIG. 9 (A). When the first clutch 8b is locked, and the first outer member 10a constituting the first clutch 8b and first inner member 11b and the first locking member 12b is together, rotating in the forward direction Y ₁ Do.

The first locking member 12b is accompanied to rotate in the forward direction Y _1, the second inner member 31b provided on the other axial half of the first retainer 29a for holding the first locking member 12b There rotates in the forward direction _{Y 1,} the second locking member 32a is swung to the state shown in FIG. 10 (B) from the state shown in FIG. 10 (a), second clutch 9b is overrun. As a result, since the first retainer 29a idles with respect to the second outward member 30a, the rotation of the first clutch 8b is not hindered.

[When torque in the reverse rotation direction Y ₂ is input to the first outer member 10a]
Torque in the reverse direction Y ₂ to the first outer member 10a is input, when the first outer member 10a is rotated in the reverse direction, the first locking member 12b is, FIG. 9 (B from the state shown in FIG. 9 (A) The first clutch 8b is in the overrun state by swinging to the state shown in FIG. When the first clutch 8b is in the overrun state, the first outer member 10a idles with respect to the first inner member 11b.

[When torque in the normal rotation direction Y ₁ is input to the first inward member 11b]
Is input torque in the forward direction _{Y 1} to the first inner member 11b, the first inner member 11b is rotated in the forward direction _{Y 1,} the first locking member 12b, from the state shown in FIG. 9 (A) The first clutch 8b is in the overrun state by swinging to the state shown in FIG. 9 (B). When the first clutch 8b is in the overrun state, the first inner member 11b idles with respect to the first outer member 10a.

[When torque in the reverse rotation direction Y ₂ is input to the first inner member 11b]
The input torque in the reverse direction _{Y 2} is the first inner member 11b, the first inner member 11b is rotated in the reverse direction, the first locking member 12b is, FIG from the state shown in FIG. 9 (B) 9 (A It rock | fluctuates in the state shown to, and makes the 1st clutch 8b a locked state. When the first clutch 8b are locked, the first outer member 10a and the first locking member 12b is, together with the first inner member 11b, to rotate in the reverse direction _{Y 2.}

With in the first locking member 12b is rotated in the reverse direction _{Y 2,} when the second inner member 31b is rotated in the reverse direction _{Y 2,} the second locking member 32a, FIG from the state shown in FIG. 10 (B) The second clutch 9b is in the locked state by swinging to the state shown in 10 (A). As a result, it is prevented that the first retainer 29a is rotated further in the reverse direction, the reaction force in the forward direction Y ₁ is applied to the first retainer 29a.

In this example, the radial position of the first cage 29a is located radially inward of the radial center position of the inner peripheral surface of the first outer member 10a and the outer peripheral surface of the first inner member 11b. Therefore, when the reaction force in the forward direction _{Y 1} is applied to the first retainer 29a, the first locking member 12b, shown in FIG. 9 (B) from the state showing a first locking member 12b in FIG. 9 (A) A moment force in the direction of swinging to the state, that is, a moment force in the direction of bringing the first clutch 8b into the overrun state is applied. As a result, the contact pressure between the input-side cam surface 26 of the first lock member 12 b and the first outer diameter side cylindrical surface portion 15 is reduced or lost, and the output-side cam surface 27 of the first lock member 12 b The contact pressure with the inner diameter side cylindrical surface portion 21 is reduced or lost. As a result, the first inward member 11b idles with respect to the first outward member 10a.

  Also in this example, the first outward member 10a can be the output side member, and the first inward member 11b can be the input side member. However, in this case, the radial position of the first cage 29a is radially outward of the radial center position of the inner peripheral surface of the first outer member 10a and the outer peripheral surface of the first inner member 11b. I assume. The configuration and operation of the other parts are the same as in the first example of the embodiment.

  In each example of the embodiment described above, although the sprag type is used as the second clutch 9, 9a, 9b, the cam type as shown in FIGS. 11 (A) and 11 (B) is used. Can also be used. The cam-type second clutch 9c includes a second outward member 30b, a second inward member 31c, a second lock member 32b, and a second retainer 47a.

  The second outer member 30 b has a cylindrical shape, and a cam surface 49 is provided on the inner peripheral surface. That is, the recessed part 50 which is a ramp part is provided in the circumferential direction multiple places of the internal peripheral surface of the 2nd outward member 30b, and the internal peripheral surface of the 2nd outward member 30b is made into the cam surface 49.

  The second inward member 31 c has an outer peripheral surface as a cylindrical surface.

  The second lock member 32 b is a ball or a roller. The second lock member 32 b is a second lock member 32 b in a portion of the cylindrical space existing between the cam surface 49 of the second outer member 30 b and the outer peripheral surface of the second inner member 31 c in alignment with the recess 50. It is arrange | positioned in the state hold | maintained at the holder | retainer 47a. In the illustrated example, the second lock member 32 b is elastically pressed toward the shallow side of the recess 50 by the biasing spring 51 provided between the second lock member 32 b and the second retainer 47 a. .

In the second clutch 9c, the second inner member 31c is rotated in the forward direction _{Y 1,} as shown in FIG. 11 (B), the second locking member 32b is against the elastic force of the urging spring 51 recess Move to the deep part of 50. For this reason, the surface pressure of the contact portion between the rolling surface of the second lock member 32b and the outer peripheral surface of the second inward member 31c is reduced or lost. As a result, the second clutch 9c is in an overrun state in which the second inward member 31c is idled with respect to the second outward member 30b.

On the other hand, when the second inner member 31c is rotated in the reverse direction _{Y 2,} as shown in FIG. 11 (A), the second locking member 32b is, the concave portion 50 bottom surface and the outer circumferential surface of the second inner member 31c Bite in between. As a result, the second clutch 9c is locked, and the rotation of the second inner member 31c with respect to the second outer member 30b fixed to the housing 18 (see FIGS. 1, 7 and 8) is blocked.

Reference Signs List 1 one-way clutch 2 outer member 3 inner member 4 sprag 5 cage 6 urging spring 7, 7a, 7b one-way clutch device 8, 8a, 8b first clutch 9, 9a to 9c second clutch 10, 10a DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Outer member 11, 11a, 11b 1st inner member 12, 12a, 12b 1st lock member 13 1st inward flange part 14 1st outer diameter side fitting surface part 15 1st outer diameter side cylindrical surface part 16a-16d engagement Retaining groove 17 Support bearing 18 Housing 19 First outward flange 20 First inner diameter side fitting surface 21 First inner diameter cylindrical surface 22 22, 22a First bearing 23 Outer ring 24a-24d Locking ring 25 Inner ring 26 Input side cam surface 27 Output side cam surface 28 convex portion 29, 29a first cage 30, 30a, 30b second outward member 31, 31a to 31c second inward member 32, 32a, 32b Lock member 33 second inward flange 34 large diameter step 35 second outer diameter side fitting surface 36 second outer diameter side cylindrical surface 37 outer ring 38 second outward flange 39 second inner diameter side fitting surface 40 second inner diameter Side cylindrical surface portion 41 Recess 42 Second bearing 43 Outer ring 44 Inner ring 45 Fixed side cam surface 46 Rotating side cam surface 47, 47a Second cage 48 Small diameter cylindrical surface portion 49 Cam surface 50 Concave 51 Bias spring 52 Outer ring track 53 Inner ring track 54 Rolling element

Claims (5)

A first clutch and a second clutch coaxially arranged with the first clutch,
The first clutch includes a first outer member, a first inner member coaxial with the first outer member on the inner diameter side of the first outer member, a first outer member, and a first inner member. And a plurality of first locking members disposed between the
One of the first outer member and the first inner member is an input side member to which a torque is input from the drive source, and the other of the first outer member and the first inner member is, It is an output side member connected to the driven part so as to be able to transmit torque,
The first lock member engages with the input side member and the output side member only when the input side member tries to rotate in the normal direction, and the torque from the input side member to the output side member Transmission becomes possible,
The second clutch includes a second outer member, a second inner member coaxially arranged with the second outer member on the inner diameter side of the second outer member, a second outer member, and a second inner member. And a plurality of second locking members disposed between the
One of the second outer member and the second inner member is a stationary side member which does not rotate even in use, and the other of the second outer member and the second inner member is a first lock A rotating side member engaged in a state capable of rotating in synchronization with the first lock member with respect to the member;
In the second clutch, the second lock member is engaged with the fixed side member and the rotary side member when the rotary side member is going to rotate in the reverse direction which is the direction opposite to the normal direction. A one-way clutch device in which the rotation of the rotating side member and the first lock member is blocked. The first lock member has a non-circular shape when viewed in the axial direction, and the input side cam surface engages with the input side member when the input side member tries to rotate in the normal direction, and the output A sprag having an output side cam surface engaged with the side member;
The one-way clutch device according to claim 1. The first lock member further includes a first engagement portion, and the rotation-side member further includes a second engagement portion engaged with the first engagement portion.
The one-way clutch device according to claim 2. The rotation side member has a rotation side circumferential surface engaged with the output side cam surface when the rotation side member is to rotate in the reverse rotation direction.
The one-way clutch device according to claim 2. The rotating side member is a holder for holding the first lock member,
The one-way clutch device according to claim 1.

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