JP2018176675A - Method of producing construction member - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a method in which a shape of a cross-section of a member edge is easily changed when a construction member is produced by using a lightweight member.SOLUTION: There is provided a method of producing a construction member 30 by using a production apparatus having a shutter member 20 in the vicinity of a nozzle 10 that allows the passage of a raw material of a lightweight member (for example, FRP, fine ceramics, a lightweight metal alloy, a ceramic composite material) and regulates its shape, wherein the shutter member 20 changes a cross-sectional area of the nozzle 10. The construction member 30 in which the outer peripheral shape is changed along the length direction of the construction member 30 is produced by changing at least one of a speed, a pressure and a temperature when the raw material passes through the nozzle 10, and changing the cross-sectional area of the nozzle 10 by a shutter member 20.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 1

Description

  The present invention relates to a method of manufacturing a construction member, and more specifically, a construction in which an outer peripheral shape or a cross-sectional shape is changed along the length direction of the construction member according to the use purpose of the construction member functioning as a structural member. It relates to a method for manufacturing a component.

  Concrete and rebar are common materials in construction field (building and civil engineering). However, since reinforced concrete and steel frame members manufactured using these materials can be said to be a considerable weight, there is a problem that the handling is troublesome in the situation of transportation, construction, dismantling, and the like. Then, it is possible to make handling in the scene of conveyance, construction, dismantling, etc. easy by producing a construction member using a lightweight material compared with concrete and reinforcing bars.

  For example, a structure can be constructed by using a lightweight member such as FRP, fine ceramics, lightweight metal alloy, ceramic composite material, etc. as a structural member. Although there are a wide variety of molding methods for FFRP, fine ceramics, lightweight metal alloys, ceramic composite materials, etc., it is necessary to use a structural member of a predetermined cross section in manufacturing the member. The pultrusion method and the extrusion method are most suitable methods for producing a structural member of a predetermined cross section using FRP, fine ceramics, lightweight metal alloys, ceramic composites and the like as raw materials.

  The pultrusion method is used for the production of FRP, and a raw material obtained by impregnating a reinforcing material with a resin is drawn into a mold, and when it comes out of the mold, it is heated and cured to draw out a cured product. Further, the extrusion method is used for the production of fine ceramics, lightweight metal alloys, ceramic composite materials and the like, and a plastic raw material is extruded from a die and molded. All of them are continuous molding, so they can be automated, are suitable for mass production, and can form long products with complicated cross-sectional shapes, and therefore they are the most suitable molding method in order to improve the productivity of member production. I can say that. Heretofore, various techniques for manufacturing a molded article having a predetermined cross section have been proposed (see, for example, Patent Documents 1 to 4).

  Patent Document 1 describes a technique aiming to accurately adjust the amount of supply of a molding material to a head according to a change in a molding cross section of an extrusion-molded product. According to this technology, a pressure accumulation chamber is provided in a molding material supply passage from one of a plurality of extrusion molding machines to a head portion in a process in which a molding cross section of an extrusion molded product changes from large to small depending on the extrusion molding length. The storage capacity of the molding material is increased to store excess molding material in the pressure accumulation chamber. In the process of changing the molding cross section from small to large depending on the length of the extrusion molding, the storage capacity of the molding material in the pressure accumulation chamber is reduced to supply the insufficient molding material to the head portion from the pressure accumulation chamber. . In addition, in the continuous quantitative extrusion process in which the molding cross section does not change, the storage capacity of the molding material in the pressure accumulation chamber is fixed to the minimum, and the molding material is supplied from the extrusion molding machine to the head while passing through the pressure accumulation chamber.

  Patent Document 2 describes a technique for manufacturing a long composite material whose cross-sectional shape changes along the longitudinal direction. In this technique, an elongated molding material having a common cross-sectional portion having substantially the same cross-sectional shape and a cross-sectional change portion in which the cross-sectional shape changes is provided in an extrusion molding die having a fixed die and first and second movable dies. Continuously supply in the longitudinal direction, pass the common cross section in the longitudinal direction corresponding to the fixed mold of the extrusion mold and the change cross section in the first movable mold, and make the change correspond to the change Forming the first resin portion continuous in the longitudinal direction, and moving the second movable mold along with the passage of the common cross section to form the second resin part whose cross sectional shape changes in the common cross section Do.

  Patent Document 3 describes a technique related to extrusion of a tube having a cross section in the longitudinal direction. The tube extrusion molding die used in this technology is provided with a fixed die and a movable movable die, and the tube material is extruded by the material extruded from the opening formed by the overlap of the fixed die hole and the movable die hole in the extrusion direction. It is extruded. The opening has a tube wall opening for forming the tube wall of the tube and two intermediate wall openings for forming the connecting wall in the inner space of the tube, and the core is adjusted according to the movement of the movable die. By opening and closing the intermediate wall opening, a pipe having a connecting wall and a portion not having a connecting wall is formed, and a tube having different rigidity in the longitudinal direction is formed.

  Patent Document 4 describes a technique aiming to smoothly carry out extrusion molding of an extrusion-molded article having a large change rate of the cross-sectional shape. In this technique, resin is supplied from an extruder to a die, and resin is extruded from a first opening with a constant shape and a second opening with a constantly changing shape, and sequence control of the shape of the second opening is performed. Thus, the shape of the extruded product to be extruded is continuously changed. For this reason, a gear pump is provided between the extruder and the die, and resin is collectively supplied to both the first opening and the second opening by the gear pump, and the rotational speed of the gear pump is the cross section of the second opening. The amount of resin supplied to the first opening and the second opening is controlled by performing sequence control in conjunction with a change in shape.

JP-A 5-305644 Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 10-225970 JP 2002-224737 A JP 2004-291524 A

  With the prevailing pultrusion and extrusion techniques it is common to produce products of constant cross section. However, at the joints of construction structures, it is known that they work mechanically superior by changing the cross-sectional shape.

  The techniques described in Patent Document 1 to Patent Document 4 are techniques for changing the cross-sectional shape of a molded product, but not as a technique for manufacturing a construction member used for construction of a construction structure, but as a structural member There is no consideration in producing a construction member having a predetermined cross section to function, and these techniques can not be applied as they are to a method of manufacturing a construction member.

  The present invention has been proposed in view of the above-described circumstances, and provides a method of manufacturing a construction member capable of easily changing the cross-sectional shape of the end of the member when manufacturing the construction member using a lightweight member. The purpose is

  The method for manufacturing a construction member according to the present invention has the following features in order to achieve the above-described purpose. That is, the method for manufacturing a construction member according to the present invention uses a manufacturing apparatus in which a shutter member for changing the cross-sectional area of the die is provided in the vicinity of the die defining raw material of the lightweight member. The present invention relates to a method of manufacturing a construction member. The manufacturing method of this construction member changes at least one of the speed, the pressure, and the temperature when the raw material passes through the die, and changes the cross-sectional area of the die by the shutter member, in the longitudinal direction of the construction member It is characterized by manufacturing the construction member which changed perimeter shape along with it. The lightweight members are members made of FRP, members made of fine ceramics, lightweight metal alloy members, ceramic composite materials, and the like.

  In the method of manufacturing a construction member described above, it is possible to manufacture a construction member whose sectional shape is changed along the length direction of the construction member by changing the shape of the base by the shutter member.

  Further, in the method of manufacturing a construction member described above, the manufacturing apparatus is constructed by a pultrusion method or an extrusion molding method continuously from an end part part prepared by a pultrusion device, an extrusion molding device, a press molding method or an injection molding method. It is possible to use any one of the devices for producing the component.

  According to the method for manufacturing a construction member according to the present invention, when manufacturing a construction member functioning as a structural member, the outer peripheral shape and the cross-sectional shape can be easily made along the length direction of the construction member according to the purpose of use. Can be changed to Therefore, using lightweight members such as FRP members, fine ceramic members, lightweight metal alloy members, ceramic composite materials and the like, construction members having an appropriate outer peripheral shape and cross-sectional shape can be manufactured.

  Then, by using a lightweight construction member having an appropriate outer peripheral shape and cross-sectional shape, the number of members that can be transported and lifted at one time increases in transportation operation and lifting operation, and transfer efficiency can be improved. it can. In addition, it is possible to miniaturize the heavy machinery used conventionally, and devices used for automation and robotization construction (for example, an automatic transfer device, a gripping robot, an assembly robot, a bonding robot, etc.).

  Further, since the weight of the structural member is reduced, the horizontal force (layer shear force) input to the structure at the time of earthquake or the like can be reduced, and the reduction of the cross section of the member and the reduction of the number of members become possible. Further, by reducing the weight of the building, it is possible to reduce the seismic force input to the building and to provide a simple joint (joint) shape. Furthermore, by using a simple joint, only damaged members can be replaced or relocated.

The schematic diagram which shows the basic concept of the manufacturing method of the construction member which concerns on embodiment of this invention. The schematic diagram which shows an example of the manufactured construction member. The schematic diagram which shows the relationship between the cross-sectional shape of a construction member, and a shutter member. The schematic diagram which shows the relationship between the change of the cross-sectional shape of a construction member, and a shutter member. The schematic diagram which shows the relationship between the change of the cross-sectional shape of a construction member, and a shutter member. The schematic diagram which shows the manufacture procedure of the construction member which hollowed a part. The schematic diagram which shows the manufacture example of the beam member from which a shape differs.

  Hereinafter, with reference to the drawings, a method of manufacturing a construction member according to an embodiment of the present invention will be described. 1 to 7 illustrate a method of manufacturing a construction member according to an embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 1 is a schematic view showing a basic concept of the method of manufacturing a construction member, and FIG. 2 is an example of the manufactured construction member. FIG. 3 is a schematic view showing the relationship between the cross-sectional shape of the construction member and the shutter member, FIGS. 4 and 5 are schematic views showing the relationship between the change in cross-sectional shape of the construction member and the shutter member, FIG. FIG. 7 is a schematic view showing a manufacturing procedure of a partially hollowed construction member, and FIG. 7 is a schematic view showing a manufacturing example of beam members having different shapes.

<Outline of manufacturing method of construction members>
The method of manufacturing a construction member according to the embodiment of the present invention, as shown in FIG. 1 to FIG. 7, passes raw materials of lightweight members such as FRP members, fine ceramic members, lightweight metal alloy members and ceramic composite materials. It is a method of manufacturing a construction member using the manufacturing device which provided the shutter member which changes the cross-sectional area of the mouthpiece 10 concerned near the mouthpiece 10 which prescribes the shape. The construction members manufactured by this manufacturing method are lightweight members such as FRP members, fine ceramic members, lightweight metal alloy members, ceramic composite materials, etc., and are columns, beams, walls, floor plates and the like. For example, the specific gravity of FRP is about 2.0, and the specific gravity of fine ceramics is about 3.0. The lightweight members are not limited to FRP members, fine ceramic members, lightweight metal alloy members, and ceramic composite materials, and other lightweight members can also be used.

  The manufacturing method of the construction member according to the embodiment of the present invention changes the speed and pressure when the raw material passes through the mouthpiece 10 and changes the cross-sectional area of the mouthpiece 10 by the shutter member 20. The outer peripheral shape is changed along the length direction. Further, the cross-sectional shape can be changed along the length direction of the construction member 30 by changing the shape of the base 10 by the shutter member 20.

<Basic concept>
In the method of manufacturing the construction member 30 according to the embodiment of the present invention, for example, as shown in FIG. 1, the shutter member 20 is disposed on the rear side in the passing direction of the raw material with respect to the square cap 10. In the example shown in FIG. 1, a shutter member 20 movable on an axis extending outward from the center of the mouthpiece 10 is attached to each of the four sides of the square.

  The supporting method and the moving method of the shutter member 20 can use existing techniques. The shutter member 20 is slidably attached to the material discharge surface side of the mouthpiece 10, and the opening area of the square mouthpiece 10 is changed by moving the shutter member 20 to a desired position by an actuator. Also, by changing at least one of the drawing speed of the raw material, the drawing pressure, the drawing temperature, or the extrusion speed of the raw material, the extrusion pressure, the extrusion temperature, the opening area of the die 10 is made to correspond. Change the supply amount. Generally, the drawing speed and pressure of the raw material, or the extrusion speed and pressure of the raw material are changed, and if necessary, the drawing temperature or extrusion temperature of the raw material is changed.

  By performing such an operation in the order of FIG. 1 (a), FIG. 1 (b), and FIG. 1 (c), it is possible to manufacture a construction member 30 whose outer peripheral shape gradually increases. FIG. 2 shows an example of the construction member 30 whose outer peripheral shape gradually changes.

  1 and 2 are conceptual views of a method of manufacturing a construction member according to an embodiment of the present invention, and when the construction member 30 is manufactured in the order shown in FIG. 1, the construction member 30 of the embodiment shown in FIG. There is a slight difference in the cross-sectional shape etc. Moreover, in the example shown in FIG.1 and FIG.2, although cross-sectional shape is a grid | lattice form, cross-sectional shape may be what kind of shapes, such as truss shape and honeycomb shape. Further, the change in the outer peripheral shape of the construction member 30 may be in any form, for example, in the case of gradually decreasing, or in the case of continuously changing in size, in addition to the case of gradually increasing.

<Relationship between cross sectional shape and shutter member>
The relationship between the cross-sectional shape of the construction member 30 and the shutter member 20 will be described with reference to FIG. In the method of manufacturing the construction member 30 according to the embodiment of the present invention, basically the base 10 and the shutter member 20 as shown in FIG. 1 are assumed, but as shown in FIG. By changing the shape of the member 20 and the moving direction of the shutter member 20, a construction member 30 having a lattice-like cross section as shown in FIG. 3A, and a truss-like cross section as shown in FIG. The construction member 30 which it has can be manufactured.

  Further, as shown in FIG. 3C, in the construction member 30 having a truss-like cross section, the cross-sectional area of the construction member 30 is moved by moving the shutter member 20 in the direction of widening or narrowing the cross-sectional area of the die 10. Can be changed. Similarly, as shown in FIG. 3D, in the construction member 30 having a honeycomb cross section, the shutter member 20 is moved in the direction to widen or narrow the cross-sectional area of the die 10 by overlapping the shutters in advance. The cross-sectional area of the construction member 30 can be changed.

  The relationship between the change of the cross-sectional shape of the construction member 30 and the shutter member 20 will be described with reference to FIGS. 4 and 5. The example shown in FIG. 4 and FIG. 5 is to manufacture the construction member 30 which has a rectangular outer peripheral shape and has a honeycomb shaped rib inside.

  As shown in FIGS. 4 (a) and 5 (a), the base 10 has a quadrangular outer peripheral wall, and shutter members 20 are disposed on the four sides, respectively. The shutter member 20 has a shape as shown in FIG. 4D and FIG. 5A when it is integrated, and when the shutter member 20 is moved in a direction away from the base 10, FIG. It will be in the state as shown in (b). Further, an extrusion jig 40 having a shape as shown in FIG. 4A, FIG. 4C, FIG. 5A, and FIG. 5B is movably attached to the die 10. As shown in FIG. In this state, when the raw material is supplied and the extrusion jig 40 is moved, as shown in FIGS. 5A to 5C, the upper portion of the columnar member 30 having a total of seven honeycomb-like cross sections Can be manufactured.

  Further, as shown in FIGS. 4 (b) and 5 (b), when the shutter member 20 is moved in the direction away from the die 10 and the raw material is supplied and the extrusion jig 40 is moved, FIG. 5 (c) As shown in the figure, the outer peripheral surface of the lower side portion can be manufactured in a square box shape, and the columnar member 30 having a total of seven honeycomb-like cross sections in the upper portion thereof.

  Thus, by moving the shutter member 20 during molding of the construction member 30, it is possible to manufacture the construction member 30 in which pillar members having different outer peripheral shapes and cross-sectional shapes are continuous in the length direction. In the example shown in FIGS. 4 and 5, the construction member 30 having a honeycomb-shaped rib is shown, but the cross-sectional shape of the construction member 30 may be any shape such as a lattice shape, a truss shape, etc. Good.

  Construction members 30 of various shapes will be described with reference to FIGS. 6 and 7. As shown in FIG. 6, by closing the central portion of the grid-like base 10 with the shutter member 20, it is possible to manufacture a (hollow) construction member 30 partially hollowed. Further, as shown in FIG. 7, by closing a part of the grid-like base 10 with the shutter member 20, a construction member 30 (beam member) having a desired shape can be manufactured. 6 and 7 show the construction member 30 having grid-like ribs, the cross-sectional shape of the construction member 30 may be any shape such as a truss shape, a honeycomb shape, etc. Good.

10 base 20 shutter member 30 construction member 40 extrusion jig

Claims (3)

A method of manufacturing a construction member using a manufacturing apparatus provided with a shutter member for changing the cross-sectional area of the die in the vicinity of the die for passing the raw material of the lightweight member and defining its shape,
While changing at least one of the speed, the pressure, and the temperature when the raw material passes through the die, and changing the cross-sectional area of the die by the shutter member, the outer periphery along the length direction of the construction member Manufacture construction members of varying shape,
The manufacturing method of a construction member characterized by the above. By changing the shape of the die by the shutter member, a construction member whose cross-sectional shape is changed along the length direction of the construction member is manufactured.
The method of manufacturing a construction member according to claim 1, The manufacturing apparatus is any one of an apparatus for manufacturing a construction member by a pultrusion method or an extrusion molding method continuously from an end part made by a pultrusion apparatus, an extrusion molding device, a press molding method or an injection molding method. Using
The manufacturing method of the construction member according to claim 1 or 2 characterized by things.

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