JP2018173058A - Exhaust turbo supercharger - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a water-cooled exhaust turbo supercharger capable of being accurately cooled according to the state of receiving heat.SOLUTION: A cooling water jacket 31 encircling a scroll chamber 8 and an inlet passage 9 is divided into upper and lower jackets 33, 34 by left and right horizontally long partition walls 32a, 32b. The upper and lower jackets 33, 34 are communicated with each other via front and rear communication parts. A cooling water inlet 37 is formed right below the scroll chamber, and a cooling water outlet 38 is formed in the upper side of a side overhanging part 4 having a waste gate passage. Accordingly, the cooling water inlet 37 and the cooling water outlet 38 are shifted from each other in the longitudinal and horizontal directions. On the upper jacket 33, an upward projection part 33a is formed at the upper end of which the cooling water outlet 38 is provided.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 5

Description

  The present invention relates to an exhaust turbocharger used for an internal combustion engine.

  In an exhaust turbocharger used for an internal combustion engine, a turbine housing in which a turbine is disposed is exposed to high-temperature exhaust gas. Therefore, it has been proposed to form a cooling water jacket in the turbine housing to be a water cooling type, and examples thereof are disclosed in Patent Documents 1 to 3.

  The exhaust turbocharger has a turbine housing in which a turbine is arranged, a compressor housing in which compressor blades are arranged, and an intermediate housing located between the two. Patent Document 1 discloses these three housings. Are integrally cast with aluminum to form a cooling water jacket on each housing.

  On the other hand, in Patent Document 2, the cooling water jacket is formed only in the turbine housing, and the cooling water jacket is integrated continuously with a portion outside the scroll chamber and the periphery of the inlet passage for sending exhaust gas to the scroll chamber. Or are separated from each other. This Patent Document 2 also discloses that the turbine housing is made of aluminum.

  The cooling water jacket needs to be provided with a cooling water inlet and a cooling water outlet. In Patent Document 1, in the turbine housing, the inner peripheral portion on the exhaust outlet side of the left and right inner peripheral portions sandwiching the scroll chamber. Is provided with a cooling water inlet, and a cooling water outlet is provided on the inner peripheral portion of the intermediate housing. On the other hand, in Patent Document 2, ports that can be considered as inlets or outlets of cooling water are displayed in FIGS. 4, 5, and 15, but it is unclear how the cooling water actually flows.

International Publication No. WO2014 / 103570 JP 2016-47287 A

  In the cooling water jacket, its structure is closely related to the cooling performance. For example, a wastegate passage is usually formed in the turbine housing. However, since the wastegate passage is exposed to exhaust gas, the side of the turbine housing where the wastegate passage is provided is strongly cooled. The structure should be designed. The cooling water inlet and the cooling water outlet should be arranged so that the cooling water flows smoothly without stagnation.

  However, Patent Documents 1 and 2 merely disclose a cooling water jacket, and it is difficult to find a cooling water jacket structure corresponding to the difference in the amount of heat received depending on the location. In particular, it is important how to accurately cool a portion that becomes hot due to the wastegate passage, but no useful disclosure can be found in this regard.

  The present invention has been made in view of such a current situation, and intends to provide an exhaust turbocharger that has excellent cooling performance and high practicality.

  The exhaust gas turbocharger according to the present invention includes: a scroll chamber that rotationally drives a turbine with exhaust gas in a turbine housing, an inlet passage that sends exhaust gas into the scroll chamber, and cooling water that surrounds the scroll chamber and the inlet passage. The cooling water jacket is provided with a cooling water inlet at a lower end portion located below the scroll chamber and the inlet passage, and an upper end located above the scroll chamber and the inlet passage. It is a basic configuration that “a cooling water outlet is provided in the part”.

  According to the first aspect of the present invention, in the above basic configuration, an upward projecting portion is formed at an upper portion of the cooling water jacket, and the outlet passage is provided at an upper end of the upward projecting portion.

  The present application also includes the invention of claim 2, and in the basic configuration, the present invention has a wastegate passage branched from the inlet passage, and the cooling water jacket surrounds the wastegate passage at least from both upper and lower sides. The inlet passage is located below the scroll chamber, the cooling water outlet is provided at a portion near the waist gate passage, and the cooling water inlet and the cooling water outlet are flat. It is out of sight.

  According to the first aspect of the present invention, the upward protruding portion functions as a tank in which the cooling water collects, and the cooling water flowing through the cooling water jacket is collected in the upward protruding portion and then discharged from the cooling water outlet. Therefore, the flow directionality can be imparted to the cooling water, and the cooling water can flow smoothly. As a result, the cooling performance can be improved. Furthermore, since heat has the property of escaping upwards, if an upward protrusion is provided as in the present invention, the received cooling water is discharged to the cooling water outlet through the upward protrusion, and the heat is trapped. This does not occur, so that high cooling performance can be ensured.

  In particular, when the upward projecting portion is formed so as to spread over three parts of the turbine side scroll chamber, the wastegate passage and the inlet passage, the temperature rises through the portion that strongly receives the heat of the exhaust gas, and the cooling water Since the exhaust gas is quickly discharged, the portion receiving the heat of the exhaust gas can be appropriately cooled to ensure high durability and reliability. Therefore, it can be said that it can greatly contribute to the practical application of an aluminum turbine housing.

  In the second aspect of the invention, since the cooling water inlet is disposed below the scroll chamber (turbine side scroll chamber) (preferably directly below or near the scroll chamber), the cooling water flows separately on both sides of the scroll chamber. Accordingly, the cooling water can be distributed throughout the cooling water jacket. And since the cooling water exit is provided in the site | part which approached the wastegate channel | path, the cooling water which passed the part which has provided the wastegate channel | path is discharged | emitted immediately after heat-transfer. Accordingly, in this case as well, heat buildup can be prevented and high cooling performance can be ensured.

  The invention of claim 1 and the invention of claim 2 are not mutually exclusive but can be compatible. Therefore, it is particularly preferable to combine the two.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS FIG. 1 is an overall view of an exhaust turbocharger according to an embodiment, where (A) is a perspective view seen from the direction of the intake inlet, and (B) is a perspective view seen from the inlet direction of the exhaust gas. (A) is a top view of an exhaust turbocharger, and is a front view of (B). It is the III-III sectional view taken on the line of FIG. (A) is a plan view of the turbine housing, (B) is a plan view in which the cooling water jacket is indicated by a solid line and the outer shape of the turbine housing is indicated by a one-dot chain line, and (C) is a turbine in which the exhaust gas passage is indicated by a solid line. It is the top view which displayed the external shape of the housing with the dashed-dotted line. (A) is the front view of a turbine housing, (B) is the front view which displayed the cooling water jacket with the continuous line, and displayed the external shape of the turbine housing with the dashed-dotted line. (A) is a right side view of the turbine housing, and (B) is a right side view in which a cooling water jacket is indicated by a solid line and an outer shape of the turbine housing is indicated by a one-dot chain line. (A) is a bottom view of the turbine housing, (B) is a left sectional view taken along the line VIIB-VIIB of FIG. 4 (A), and (C) is a left side view of the cooling water jacket. 4A is a sectional view taken along the line VIIIA-VIIIA in FIGS. 4A and 5A, and FIG. 5B is a sectional view taken along the line BB in FIG. 5A and is a sectional view taken along the line VIIIB-VIIIB in FIG. , (C) is a schematic sectional view taken along the line VIIIC-VIIIC of FIGS. 4 (A), 6 (A) and 7 (B). 4A is a cross-sectional view taken along the line IX-IX in FIGS. 4A and 7B, and FIG. 6B is a cross-sectional view taken along the line IXB-IXB in FIGS. 6A and 8A.

(1). Outline Next, an embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. First, an outline will be described with reference to FIGS. In this embodiment, the front / rear, left / right, and upper / lower terms are used to clarify the direction. The longitudinal direction of the rotation axis is the left / right direction, and the direction orthogonal to the exhaust side of the cylinder head is the front / rear direction. The direction facing the cylinder head is the front. The vertical direction is the vertical direction. As a precaution, the directions are clearly shown in FIGS.

  As shown in FIG. 3, the exhaust turbocharger includes a blade-type turbine 1 and a compressor blade 2, both of which are fixed to one end and the other end of a horizontal rotation shaft 3. . The exhaust turbocharger has a turbine housing 4 and a compressor housing 5 and an intermediate housing 6 positioned between the turbine housing 4 and the turbine housing 4. The turbine housing 4 and the intermediate housing 6 are cast as aluminum. It is manufactured integrally. The compressor housing 5 is an aluminum die-cast product or cast product.

  The turbine housing 4 is formed with a turbine chamber 7 in which the turbine 1 is rotatably arranged, and a turbine-side scroll chamber 8 communicating with the outer periphery of the turbine chamber 7. The turbine-side scroll chamber 8 has a spiral shape in which the distance from the rotation axis of the turbine 1 gradually decreases from the start end to the end, and the inlet passage shown in FIG. 9 communicates.

  Accordingly, the turbine housing 4 has a circular portion 4 a in which the turbine-side scroll chamber 8 is formed, and an inlet cylinder portion 4 b in which the inlet passage 9 is formed, and protrudes on the opposite side to the intermediate housing 6. The side projecting portion 4c is formed so as to be integrally connected to the circular portion 4a and the inlet tube portion 4b. At the rear end of the inlet cylinder 4b, an inlet flange 12 is formed that is fixed to the cylinder head (or an exhaust manifold assembly) with bolts.

  As can be understood from FIG. 3, the side projecting portion 4 c is formed with an outlet passage 13 through which exhaust gas discharged from the turbine chamber 7 flows and a wastegate passage 14 that connects the inlet passage 9 and the outlet passage 13. The wastegate passage 14 is opened and closed by a pivotable wastegate valve 15. A shroud piece 13 a for constituting the inner peripheral portion of the turbine side scroll chamber 8 is attached to the outlet passage 13. The wastegate valve 15 is driven by a diaphragm actuator 16 shown in FIG. The actuator 16 has a rod 17, and when the rod 17 moves back and forth, the wastegate valve 15 rotates about the axis of the support shaft 19 via the outer link 18, the support shaft 19, and the inner link 20. .

  An outlet side flange 21 is formed on the side projecting portion 4c, and although not shown, a catalyst case is fixed to the outlet side flange 21 (an exhaust pipe may be fixed). An outlet 13b from which exhaust gas is discharged in connection with the outlet passage 13 and the wastegate passage 14 opens obliquely downward.

  As shown in FIG. 3, the compressor housing 5 is formed with an intake inlet 22 and a compressor side scroll chamber 23 located outside the compressor blade 2, and the intake air pressurized in the compressor side scroll chamber 23 is The air is discharged from the discharge port 24 to the intake system. The compressor housing 5 is connected to the intermediate housing 6 via a C-shaped or split ring 25.

  The intermediate housing 6 is formed with a bearing portion 27 that rotatably holds the rotating shaft 3 via a floating metal 26. An oil supply hole 28 that opens upward and an oil discharge hole 29 that opens downward are formed in the bearing portion 27. Since the seal structure of the rotating shaft 3 is not related to the present invention, the description thereof is omitted.

(2) Cooling structure of turbine housing The turbine housing 4 is formed with a cooling water jacket through which cooling water flows. This point will be described with reference to FIG. As shown in FIGS. 7C and 8, the cooling water jacket 31 basically has a form that entirely covers the circular portion 4 a and the inlet cylinder portion 4 b of the turbine housing 4.

  The cooling water jacket 31 divides the front portion of the scroll chamber 8 up and down by the front horizontal partition 32a and the rear portion of the scroll chamber 8 up and down by the left and right rear horizontal partitions 32b. It is divided into. As shown in FIG. 9A, the wastegate passage 14 is sandwiched between upper and lower cooling water jackets 33 and 34. The front horizontally long partition wall 32a has a substantially U shape in plan view so as to surround the scroll chamber 8 from the left and right front sides, and roughly, the front and rear horizontally long partition walls 32a and 32b are formed on the inlet cylinder 4b. It has a form extending long in the front-rear direction which is the axial direction.

  Accordingly, the cooling water jacket 31 is divided into an upper jacket 33 and a lower jacket 34 by the horizontally long partition walls 32a and 32b. The upper and lower jackets 33 and 34 communicate with each other through one front communication part 35 and two left and right rear communication parts 36. A cooling water inlet 37 communicates with the lower jacket 34, and a cooling water outlet 38 communicates with the upper jacket 33. The cooling water inlet 37 and the cooling water outlet 38 are formed in the boss part, and are connected to the hose via joint cylinders 37a and 38a as shown in FIGS.

  Since the communication portions 35 and 36 are separated into front and rear, the cooling water flows through the entire upper and lower jackets 33 and 34 and is discharged from the cooling water outlet 38. Therefore, the entire turbine housing 4 can be cooled as evenly as possible to greatly suppress the occurrence of thermal strain.

  As shown in FIGS. 3, 5, 7 (A) and (B), the side projecting portion 4 c has a mountain shape protruding above the circular portion 4 a and the inlet tube portion 4 b, and the exit is located at the highest portion. A boss 39 is formed, and a cooling water outlet 38 is formed in the boss 39. For this reason, the upper jacket 33 is also formed with an upward projecting portion 33a, and a cooling water outlet 38 is formed at the upper end of the upper jacket 33a. Therefore, the cooling water jacket 31 has a funnel shape that is narrowed upward in a side view and a front view, and the cooling water sent from below does not stagnate in the middle, and enters the cooling water outlet 38. Collected and discharged reliably.

  For example, as clearly shown in FIG. 5, the cooling water inlet 37 of the cooling water jacket 31 is located directly below the turbine chamber 7 and has a cylindrical shape, while the cooling water outlet 38 includes the outlet passage 13 and the cooling water outlet 38. It is biased toward the side of the wastegate passage 14, and both are separated (offset) in the left-right direction and the front-rear direction. That is, as shown in FIG. 4B, the cooling water outlet 38 is shifted rearward by L1 with respect to the cooling water inlet 37, and the intermediate housing 6 is shifted by L2 on the opposite side. As can be understood from FIG. 9, the cooling water outlet 38 is disposed slightly outside the waist gate passage 14 (positioned on the side projecting portion 4 c).

  For example, as can be easily understood from FIG. 9A, both the upper and lower cooling water jackets 33 and 34 are closer to the outlet passage 13 and the wastegate passage 14 (the side overhanging portion 4c than the intermediate housing 6 side). Side), the volume (volume) is much larger. For this reason, it is possible to strongly cool the part that is exposed to high temperature and is easily damaged by heat (particularly, the part surrounded by the exhaust gas passage), and to prevent abnormal temperature rise and to greatly suppress thermal strain. .

  The communication holes 35 and 36 are formed by fitting a screw-type plug 41 into the cavity 40 that opens outward. That is, by screwing the plug 41 partway into the cavity 40, a part of the cavity 40 is formed with the communication holes 35 and 36.

  As can be understood from FIG. 4B, FIG. 8A, and FIG. 9B, the circular portion 4a includes vertically elongated ribs 42, 43 that divide the upper jacket 33 and the lower jacket 34 into left and right. Is formed. Accordingly, at the circular portion 4a, the inner and outer portions separated by the cooling water jacket 31 are connected by the front horizontally long partition wall 32a and the vertically long ribs 42 and 43. The upper and lower vertically long ribs 42 and 43 have a cross-shaped form in front view.

  Since the upper and lower vertical ribs 42 and 43 can also maintain a rectifying function for dividing the water flow into left and right, it is possible to contribute to the smooth flow of the cooling water. Furthermore, since the longitudinal ribs 42 and 43 also exhibit a function of heat dissipation, there is an advantage that heat buildup can be suppressed. As can be understood from FIG. 8 (A), the upper vertical rib 42 is formed approximately in the front half of the circular portion 4a, and the upper jacket 33 is continuously connected to the left and right behind the upper vertical rib 42. Yes. Accordingly, the cooling water is smoothly collected at the cooling water outlet 38.

  On the other hand, the lower vertical ribs 43 are formed on both front and rear sides with the cooling water inlet 37 interposed therebetween. Therefore, the lower jacket 34 is separated from the left and right by the front and rear lower vertical ribs 43 and the bosses forming the cooling water inlets 37 at the circular portion 4a. The water flow separated to the left and right gathers at the front communication portion 35 and flows to the upper jacket 33, and the water flow separated to the left and right by the rear lower longitudinal rib 43 gathers at the lower jacket 34 at the location of the inlet cylinder portion 4b. Then, the left and right rear communication portions 36 are divided and flow into the upper jacket 33.

  As shown in FIG. 7 (B), the inlet cylinder 4b is inclined so that its height increases slightly from the rear end toward the front end. For this reason, as shown in FIG.7 (C), the part located in the location of the inlet cylinder part 4b among the cooling water jacket 31 is also inclined slightly in side view so that it may become high toward this side. Corresponding to the form of the cooling water jacket 31, the rear horizontally long partition wall 32 b is inclined so as to rise once and then back in a horizontal posture and then lower toward the rear. The upper surface of 34 is generally in the shape of a mountain when viewed from the side.

  Therefore, in order to reliably prevent air bubbles from accumulating at the upper end of the lower jacket 34, a communication hole 44 is formed in the portion of the rear horizontally long partition wall 32b having a high height as shown in FIG. 9A. . For this reason, even if the cooling water contains bubbles or the cooling water boils and bubbles are generated, the bubbles can be quickly eliminated. For this reason, high cooling performance can be secured. Since the communication hole 44 is formed by drilling, the turbine housing 4 has a drill hole 45 concentric with the communication hole 44. The drill hole 45 is closed by a plug (not shown).

  As shown in FIG. 8, since the turbine side scroll chamber 8 is spiral, the portion of the turbine side scroll chamber 8 sandwiched between the end portion of the inlet passage 9 has a thickness toward the tip. Is a thinned tongue 46. For this reason, the tongue 46 is exposed to the harshest thermal environment in the turbine housing 4, but in this embodiment, the front end of the rear horizontally long partition wall 32b is located substantially beside the tongue 46, and the rear horizontally long partition wall 32b. The communication hole 44 is vacant in the part located beside the tongue 46.

  Then, since the cooling water flows through the communication hole 44, heat exchange from the rear horizontally long partition wall 32b to the cooling water is remarkably promoted, so that the heat of the tongue portion 46 is also actively dissipated to the cooling water through the rear horizontally long partition wall 32b. Is done. As a result, it is possible to prevent the tongue portion 46 from being excessively heated and to ensure high quality. As shown in FIG. 9, the entrance passage 9 and the wastegate passage 14 are arranged side by side, and one side of the rear horizontally long partition wall 32b is located between them, but a communication hole 44 is made in the rear horizontally long partition wall 32b. Since heat transfer from the location of the wastegate passage 14 can also be suppressed, it is more useful as a means for protecting the tongue 46.

  While the embodiments of the present invention have been described above, the present invention can be embodied in various ways. For example, the form of the cooling water jacket can be appropriately set according to the shape of the turbine housing and the like. The intermediate housing and the turbine housing may be separate.

  The present invention can actually be embodied in an exhaust turbocharger. Therefore, it can be used industrially.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Rotating shaft 2 Turbine 4 Turbine housing 4a Circular part 4b Inlet cylinder part 4c Side projecting part 7 Turbine room 8 Turbine side scroll room 9 Inlet passage 31 Cooling water jacket 32a, 32b Horizontally long partition 33 Upper jacket 34 Lower jacket 35, 36 Communication Part 37 Cooling water inlet 39 Cooling water outlet

International Publication No. WO2014 / 103570 Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2006-75287

Claims (2)

The turbine housing is formed with a scroll chamber for rotationally driving the turbine with exhaust gas, an inlet passage for sending exhaust gas to the scroll chamber, and a cooling water jacket surrounding the scroll chamber and the inlet passage. The jacket has a configuration in which a cooling water inlet is provided at a lower end portion located below the scroll chamber and the inlet passage, and a cooling water outlet is provided at an upper end portion located above the scroll chamber and the inlet passage. There,
An upward protrusion is formed at the top of the cooling water jacket, and the outlet passage is provided at the upper end of the upward protrusion.
Exhaust turbocharger. The turbine housing is formed with a scroll chamber for rotationally driving the turbine with exhaust gas, an inlet passage for sending exhaust gas to the scroll chamber, and a cooling water jacket surrounding the scroll chamber and the inlet passage. The jacket has a configuration in which a cooling water inlet is provided at a lower end portion located below the scroll chamber and the inlet passage, and a cooling water outlet is provided at an upper end portion located above the scroll chamber and the inlet passage. There,
A wastegate passage is branched from the entrance passage, and the cooling water jacket extends so as to surround the wastegate passage from at least upper and lower sides, and the entrance passage is located below the scroll chamber, The cooling water outlet is provided at a portion near the waist gate passage, and the cooling water inlet and the cooling water outlet are shifted in plan view.
Exhaust turbocharger.

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