JP6882038B2 - Exhaust turbocharger - Google Patents

Description

The present invention relates to an exhaust turbocharger used in an internal combustion engine.

In an exhaust turbocharger used for an internal combustion engine, the turbine housing in which the turbine is arranged is exposed to high-temperature exhaust gas. Therefore, it has been proposed to form a cooling water jacket on the turbine housing to make it a water-cooled type, and an example thereof is disclosed in Patent Documents 1 to 3.

The exhaust turbocharger has a turbine housing in which a turbine is arranged, a compressor housing in which a compressor blade is arranged, and an intermediate housing located between the two. Patent Document 1 describes these three housings. Is integrally cast with aluminum to form a cooling water jacket in each housing.

On the other hand, in Patent Document 2, the cooling water jacket is formed only in the turbine housing, and the cooling water jacket is integrally continuous or separated from the outer portion of the scroll chamber and the periphery of the inlet passage. It is formed in a state. This Patent Document 2 also discloses that the turbine housing is made of aluminum.

Further, in Patent Document 3 , when the cooling water jacket is formed so as to surround the scroll chamber, the cooling water jacket is provided with a portion located on the compressor side and an exhaust outlet by ribs located on the outside of the outer periphery of the scroll chamber. It is disclosed that it is separated to the left and right with the portion located on the side of.

International Publication WO2014 / 103570 Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 2016-75287 Microfilm of No. 58-152528

When the cooling water jacket is provided, the supporting strength of the portion located inside the cooling water jacket is lowered, so that it is required to secure the necessary rigidity so that the turbine can be stably held. If the spread area of the cooling water jacket is increased in order to improve the cooling performance, the demand for ensuring rigidity becomes even higher. However, Patent Documents 1 and 2 merely disclose a cooling water jacket that surrounds the scroll chamber, and no consideration is given to the request for ensuring rigidity.

On the other hand, in Patent Document 3, since the inner and outer portions separated by the cooling water jacket are connected by ribs that divide the cooling water jacket to the left and right, it can be said that the rigidity can be improved as compared with Patent Documents 1 and 2. However, since the cooling water jacket is only formed so as to partially surround the scroll chamber, it is doubtful whether sufficient cooling performance can be ensured.

The present invention has been made in view of such a situation, and an object of the present invention is to provide a water-cooled exhaust turbocharger in a manner in which cooling performance and rigidity are ensured.

The exhaust turbocharger of the present invention is
"The turbine housing, and the scroll chamber for rotating the turbine at the exhaust gas, an inlet passage for feeding exhaust gas into the scroll chamber, a cooling water jacket surrounding the scroll chamber and the inlet passage is formed"
In the configuration that,
"The cooling water jacket surrounding the scroll chamber is vertically divided by a horizontally long partition wall extending in the same direction as the longitudinal direction of the inlet passage, and an upper vertically long rib extending above the horizontally long partition wall in the circumferential direction of the turbine. And below the horizontally long partition wall, it is divided into left and right when viewed from the axial direction of the inlet passage by a lower vertically long rib extending in the circumferential direction of the turbine.
The inlet passage portion of the cooling water jacket has an upper cooling water jacket that is integrally continuous on the left and right on the upstream side of the upper vertically elongated rib, and an upward cooling water outlet communicates with the upper cooling water jacket. There "
It is configured as. The vertically long rib can also be called a vertically long partition wall.

The horizontally long partition wall and the vertically long rib may be continuous in a series, or may be divided and extended in series. Further, Vertical ribs may be formed in one (or one row), but it may also be formed in a plurality of rows.

In the present invention, the inner and outer portions separated by the cooling water jacket are connected by a horizontally long partition wall that is long in the front-rear direction and a vertically long rib that is long in the vertical direction when viewed from the axial direction of the inlet passage. Therefore, the cooling water jacket has a large area to improve the cooling performance of the turbine housing, and the overall rigidity can be increased to stably hold the turbine. For this reason, it is possible to greatly contribute to improving the reliability of the turbine housing by making it resistant to heat damage and reducing the weight by making it made of aluminum.

Further, since it is possible to control the flow of the cooling water by using the horizontally long partition wall and the vertically long rib, it is possible to contribute to suppressing the thermal strain by evenly cooling the turbine housing to every corner.
Further, since the left and right sides of the upper jacket are integrally continuous behind the upper vertically elongated rib, the cooling water can be smoothly collected at the cooling water outlet.

It is an overall view of the exhaust turbocharger according to the embodiment, (A) is a perspective view seen from the direction of an intake inlet, and (B) is a perspective view seen from the direction of an exhaust gas inlet. (A) is a plan view of the exhaust turbocharger, and (B) is a front view. FIG. 2 is a sectional view taken along line III-III of FIG. 2 (A). (A) is a plan view of the turbine housing, (B) is a plan view of the cooling water jacket displayed by a solid line and the outer shape of the turbine housing is displayed by a chain line, and (C) is a solid line of the exhaust gas passage of the turbine. It is a top view which showed the outer shape of the housing by the alternate long and short dash line. (A) is a front view of the turbine housing, and (B) is a front view of the cooling water jacket displayed by a solid line and the outer shape of the turbine housing displayed by a chain line. (A) is a right side view of the turbine housing, and (B) is a right side view of the cooling water jacket displayed by a solid line and the outer shape of the turbine housing displayed by a chain line. (A) is a bottom view of the turbine housing, (B) is a left sectional view of VIIB-VIIB of FIG. 4 (A), and (C) is a left side view of the cooling water jacket. (A) is a sectional view taken along line VIIIA-VIIIA of FIGS. 4 (A) and 5 (A), (B) is a sectional view taken along line BB of FIG. , (C) are schematic cross-sectional views taken along the line VIIIC-VIIIC of FIGS. 4 (A), 6 (A) and 7 (B). (A) is an IX-IX sectional view taken along the line 4 (A) and FIG. 7 (B), and FIG. 6B is an IXB-IXB sectional view taken along the line 6 (A) and FIG. 8 (A).

(1). Outline Next, an embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. First, an outline will be described with reference to FIGS. 1 to 3. In the present embodiment, the words front-back, left-right, and up-down are used to clarify the direction, but the longitudinal direction of the rotation axis is the left-right direction, and the direction orthogonal to this is the front-back direction. The direction facing from the cylinder head is the front. The vertical direction is the vertical direction. Just in case, the direction is clearly shown in Figures 1 and 2.

As shown in FIG. 3, the exhaust turbocharger includes a blade-type turbine 1 and a compressor blade 2, both of which are fixed to one end and the other end of a rotating shaft 3 in a horizontal posture. .. Further, the exhaust turbocharger has a turbine housing 4, a compressor housing 5, and an intermediate housing 6 located between the two, and the turbine housing 4 and the intermediate housing 6 are made of cast aluminum. Manufactured integrally. The compressor housing 5 is a die-cast or cast aluminum product.

The turbine housing 4 is formed with a turbine chamber 7 in which the turbine 1 is rotatably arranged, and a turbine-side scroll chamber 8 communicating with the outer peripheral portion of the turbine chamber 7. Turbine scroll chamber 8, the distance from the rotation axis of the turbine 1 has become a smaller spiral shape towards the end with large starting, the starting end (upper end), the inlet passageway shown in FIG. 1 (B) 9 is in communication.

Therefore, the turbine housing 4 has a circular portion 4a in which the turbine-side scroll chamber 8 is formed and an inlet cylinder portion 4b in which the inlet passage 9 is formed, and protrudes to the opposite side to the intermediate housing 6. The side overhanging portion 4c is formed in a state of being integrally connected to the circular portion 4a and the inlet cylinder portion 4b. At the rear end of the inlet cylinder portion 4b, an inlet side flange 12 that is bolted to the cylinder head (or the gathering portion of the exhaust manifold) is formed.

Further, as can be understood from FIG. 3, an outlet passage 13 through which the exhaust gas discharged from the turbine chamber 7 flows and a waist gate passage 14 connecting the inlet passage 9 and the outlet passage 13 are formed in the side overhanging portion 4c. The waist gate passage 14 is opened and closed by a rotary waist gate valve 15. A shroud piece 13a for forming an inner peripheral portion of the turbine-side scroll chamber 8 is mounted on the outlet passage 13. The wastegate valve 15 is driven by the diaphragm type actuator 16 shown in FIG. The actuator 16 has a rod 17, and when the rod 17 moves back and forth, the waist gate valve 15 rotates around the axis of the support shaft 19 via the outer link 18, the support shaft 19, and the inner link 20. ..

An outlet side flange 21 is formed on the side overhanging portion 4c, and although not shown, the catalyst case is fixed to the outlet side flange 16 (the exhaust pipe may be fixed). The outlet hole 13b from which the exhaust gas is discharged is opened diagonally downward.

As shown in FIG. 3, the compressor housing 5 is formed with an intake inlet 22 and a compressor-side scroll chamber 23 located outside the compressor blade 2, and the intake air pressurized by the compressor-side scroll chamber 23 is formed. , It is discharged to the intake system from the discharge port 24. The compressor housing 5 is connected to the intermediate housing 6 via a C-shaped or halved ring 25.

The intermediate housing 6 is formed with a bearing portion 27 that rotatably holds the rotating shaft 3 via the floating metal 26. The bearing portion 27 is formed with an oil supply hole 28 opened upward and an oil discharge hole 29 opened downward. Since the seal structure of the rotating shaft 3 has nothing to do with the present invention, the description thereof will be omitted.

(2). Cooling structure of the turbine housing The turbine housing 4 is formed with a cooling water jacket through which cooling water flows. This point will be described with reference to the drawings of FIG. 4 and below. As shown in FIGS. 7 (C) and 8 (C), the cooling water jacket 31 basically covers the circular portion 4a and the inlet cylinder portion 4b of the turbine housing 4 as a whole.

The front portion of the cooling water jacket 31 across the scroll chamber 8 is vertically partitioned by the front horizontally long partition wall 32a, and the rear portion across the scroll chamber 8 is the left and right rear horizontally long partition walls. It is divided into upper and lower parts by 32b. The front horizontally long partition wall 32a has a substantially U-shaped shape in a plan view so as to surround the scroll chamber 8 from the left and right and from the front. Roughly speaking, the horizontally long partition walls 32a and 32b are the axial centers of the inlet cylinders 4b. It has become longer extending form the front-rear direction in.

Therefore, the cooling water jacket 31 is divided into an upper jacket 33 and a lower jacket 34 by the horizontally long partition walls 32a and 32b. The upper and lower jackets 33 and 34 are communicated with each other by one front communication portion 35 and two left and right rear communication portions 36. A cooling water inlet 37 communicates with the lower jacket 34, and a cooling water outlet 38 communicates with the upper jacket 33. The cooling water inlet 37 and the cooling water outlet 38 are formed in the boss portion, and are connected to the hose via the joint cylinders 37a and 38a as shown in FIGS. 8 and 9.

Since the communication portions 35 and 36 are divided into front and rear parts, the cooling water flows evenly through the upper and lower jackets 33 and 34 and is discharged from the cooling water outlet 38. Therefore, the entire turbine housing 4 can be cooled as evenly as possible, and the occurrence of thermal strain can be significantly suppressed.

As shown in FIGS. 3, 5, 7 (A), (B) and the like, the side overhanging portion 4c has a chevron shape protruding above the circular portion 4a and the inlet cylinder portion 4b, and exits to the highest portion. A boss 39 is formed, and a cooling water outlet 38 is formed therein. Therefore, the upper jacket 33 has a funnel shape that is narrowed upward in the side view and the front view, and the cooling water sent from the lower jacket 34 is collected at the cooling water outlet 38 without stagnation on the way. It is surely discharged. The upward protrusion of the upper jacket 33 is designated by reference numeral 33a in FIG. 6B, for example.

Further, for example, as clearly shown in FIG. 5, the cooling water inlet 37 of the cooling water jacket 31 is located directly below the turbine chamber 7 and has a tubular shape, while the cooling water outlet 38 is the outlet passage 13. And the waist gate passage 14 is biased toward the side, and both are separated (offset) in the left-right direction. Further, the upper and lower cooling water jackets 33 and 34 also have a much larger volume on the side of the outlet passage 13 and the waist gate passage 14 (the side of the side overhanging portion 4c) than the side of the intermediate housing 6. Therefore, the portion exposed to high temperature and susceptible to heat damage (particularly, the portion surrounded by the exhaust gas passage) can be strongly cooled, and the occurrence of thermal strain can be significantly suppressed.

The communication holes 35 and 36 are formed by fitting a screw-type plug 41 into a cavity 40 that opens outward. That is, by screwing the plug 41 halfway through the cavity 40, a part of the cavity 40 is formed into communication holes 35 and 36.

As can be understood from FIGS. 4 (B), 8 (A), and 9 (B), the circular portion 4a has upper and lower vertically elongated ribs 42, 43 that divide the upper jacket 33 and the lower jacket 34 into left and right. Is formed. Therefore, the inner and outer portions separated by the cooling water jacket 31 at the circular portion 4a are connected by the front horizontally long partition wall 32a and the upper and lower vertically long ribs 42 and 43, and these front horizontally long partition walls 32a and the upper and lower portions are connected. The vertically long ribs 42 and 43 have a cross-shaped shape when viewed from the front. The vertically long ribs 42 and 43 are formed at positions that divide the scroll chamber 8 in half.

Since the upper and lower vertically elongated ribs 42 and 43 can also hold a rectifying function that divides the water flow into left and right, it can also contribute to smoothing the flow of cooling water. Further, since the vertically long ribs 42 and 43 also exhibit a function of heat dissipation, there is an advantage that heat retention can be suppressed. As can be understood from FIG. 8A, the upper vertically elongated rib 42 is formed approximately in the front half of the circular portion 4a, and behind the upper vertically elongated rib 42, the upper jacket 33 is integrally continuous on the left and right sides. There is. Therefore, the cooling water is smoothly collected at the cooling water outlet 38.

On the other hand, the lower vertically elongated ribs 43 are formed on both front and rear sides of the cooling water inlet 37. Therefore, the lower jacket 34 is separated to the left and right by the front and rear lower vertically elongated ribs 43 and the boss portion forming the cooling water inlet 37 at the portion of the circular portion 4a. The water flow separated to the left and right gathers at the front communication portion 35 and flows to the upper jacket 33, and the water flow separated to the left and right by the lower vertical rib 43 at the rear gathers at the lower jacket 34 at the inlet cylinder portion 4b. Then, it is divided into left and right rear communication portions 36 and flows to the upper jacket 33.

At the portion of the circular portion 4a (the portion surrounding the scroll chamber 8), the inner and outer portions separated by the cooling water jacket 31 are connected by the left and right front horizontally long partition walls 32a and the upper and lower vertically long ribs 42 and 43. That is, in the circular portion 4a, the inner and outer portions separated by the cooling water jacket 31 are connected by the front horizontal partition wall 32a arranged in a cross shape and the vertically elongated ribs 42 and 43. Therefore, high rigidity can be ensured while the scroll chamber 8 is totally surrounded by the cooling water jacket 31. In particular, since high rigidity can be maintained in the inner portion where the scroll chamber 8 is formed, the turbine 1 can be stably held and high reliability can be ensured.

Further, as for the rear half of the circular portion 4a, the inner and outer portions separated by the cooling water jacket 31 (33, 34) are connected by the left and right horizontally long partition walls 32a and 32b and the lower vertically long rib 43. High rigidity can be ensured without impairing the certainty of cooling water discharge.

Now, while the intake pipe is connected to the compressor housing 5, the catalyst case and the exhaust pipe are connected to the outlet side flange 21 of the turbine housing 4, so that the turbine housing 4 is subjected to a downward bending action. If the lower vertically elongated rib 43 is also formed in the latter half of the circular portion 4a as in the embodiment, the lower vertically elongated rib 43 on the rear side has a high resistance to bending, so that an advantage that high rigidity can be ensured for the entire turbine housing 4 as a whole. There is.

As shown in FIG. 7B, the inlet cylinder portion 4b is inclined so that the height is slightly higher from the rear end to the front end. Therefore, as shown in FIG. 7C, the portion of the cooling water jacket 31 located at the inlet cylinder portion 4b is also slightly inclined in the side view so as to be higher toward the front. Corresponding to the form of the cooling water jacket 31, the rear horizontal partition wall 32b is inclined so as to stand up, move backward in a horizontal posture, and then lower toward the rear. Therefore, the lower jacket The upper surface of the 34 has a chevron shape in a lateral view.

Therefore, in order to surely prevent air bubbles from accumulating at the upper end of the lower jacket 34, a communication hole 44 is formed in a portion of the rear horizontally long partition wall 32b having a high height as shown in FIG. 9A. .. Therefore, even if the cooling water contains air bubbles or the cooling water boils to generate air bubbles, the air bubbles can be quickly eliminated. Therefore, high cooling performance can be ensured. Since the communication hole 44 is formed by drilling, the turbine housing 4 has a drill hole 45 concentric with the communication hole 44, but the drill hole 45 is closed by a plug (not shown).

As shown in FIG. 8, since the turbine-side scroll chamber 8 has a spiral shape, the portion of the turbine-side scroll chamber 8 sandwiched between the start end and the end of the inlet passage 9 has a thickness toward the tip. Is a thinned tongue 46. Therefore, the tongue portion 46 is exposed to the harshest thermal environment in the turbine housing 4, but in the present embodiment, the front end portion of the rear laterally elongated partition wall 32b is located substantially beside the tongue portion 46, and the rear horizontally elongated partition wall 32b is located. A communication hole 44 is formed in a portion of the tongue portion 46 located next to the tongue portion 46.

Then, since the cooling water flows through the communication hole 44, the heat exchange from the rear horizontally long partition wall 32b to the cooling water is remarkably promoted, so that the heat of the tongue 46 is also quickly dissipated to the cooling water through the rear horizontally long partition wall 32b. Will be done. As a result, it is possible to prevent the tongue portion 46 from being excessively heated, and to ensure high quality. As shown in FIG. 9, the entrance passage 9 and the waist gate passage 14 are arranged side by side, and one side of the rear horizontal partition wall 32b is located between them, but a communication hole 44 is formed in the rear horizontal partition wall 32b. Since heat transfer from the waist gate passage 14 can be suppressed, it is more useful as a protective means for the tongue portion 46.

Although the embodiments of the present invention have been described above, the present invention can be embodied in various ways. For example, the shape of the cooling water jacket can be appropriately set according to the shape of the turbine housing and the like. The intermediate housing and the turbine housing but it may also be a separate body. Also, it is possible to separate the cooling water jacket portion of the cooling water jacket and the inlet tube portion of the portion of the circular portion. The inner and outer parts separated by the cooling water jacket can be connected by auxiliary ribs such as columns and strips in addition to the horizontally long partition wall and the vertically long ribs.

The invention of the present application can be actually embodied in an exhaust turbocharger. Therefore, it can be used industrially.

1 Rotating shaft 2 Turbine 4 Turbine housing 4a Circular part 4b Inlet cylinder part 4c Side overhang 7 Turbine room 8 Turbine side scroll room 9 Inlet passage 31 Cooling water jacket 32a, 32b Horizontal partition 33 Upper jacket 34 Lower jacket 35, 36 Part 37 Cooling water inlet 39 Cooling water outlet 42,43 Vertical rib

Claims (1)

The turbine housing, and the scroll chamber for rotating the turbine at the exhaust gas, an inlet passage for feeding exhaust gas into the scroll chamber, a configuration in which the cooling water jacket surrounding the scroll chamber and the inlet passage is formed ,
Cooling water jacket surrounding the scroll chamber, said by the longitudinal and extending long Horizontal partition wall in the same direction of the inlet passage with being divided into upper and lower, longitudinal ribs on extending in the circumferential direction of the turbine above the said horizontal partition wall and Below the horizontally long partition wall, a lower vertically long rib extending in the circumferential direction of the turbine divides the turbine into left and right when viewed from the axial direction of the inlet passage.
The inlet passage portion of the cooling water jacket has an upper cooling water jacket that is integrally continuous on the left and right on the upstream side of the upper vertically elongated rib, and an upward cooling water outlet communicates with the upper cooling water jacket. Yes,
Exhaust turbocharger.

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